1
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Rodriguez-Zaccaro FD, Lieberman M, Groover A. A systems genetic analysis identifies putative mechanisms and candidate genes regulating vessel traits in poplar wood. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1375506. [PMID: 38867883 PMCID: PMC11167656 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1375506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Wood is the water conducting tissue of tree stems. Like most angiosperm trees, poplar wood contains water-conducting vessel elements whose functional properties affect water transport and growth rates, as well as susceptibility to embolism and hydraulic failure during water stress and drought. Here we used a unique hybrid poplar pedigree carrying genomically characterized chromosomal insertions and deletions to undertake a systems genomics analysis of vessel traits. We assayed gene expression in wood forming tissues from clonal replicates of genotypes covering dosage quantitative trait loci with insertions and deletions, genotypes with extreme vessel trait phenotypes, and control genotypes. A gene co-expression analysis was used to assign genes to modules, which were then used in integrative analyses to identify modules associated with traits, to identify putative molecular and cellular processes associated with each module, and finally to identify candidate genes using multiple criteria including dosage responsiveness. These analyses identified known processes associated with vessel traits including stress response, abscisic acid and cell wall biosynthesis, and in addition identified previously unexplored processes including cell cycle and protein ubiquitination. We discuss our findings relative to component processes contributing to vessel trait variation including signaling, cell cycle, cell expansion, and cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meric Lieberman
- University of California Davis, Genome Center, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Andrew Groover
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, CA, United States
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Burlington, VT, United States
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2
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Carrell AA, Clark M, Jawdy S, Muchero W, Alexandre G, Labbé JL, Rush TA. Interactions with microbial consortia have variable effects in organic carbon and production of exometabolites among genotypes of Populus trichocarpa. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e544. [PMID: 38028650 PMCID: PMC10660807 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Poplar is a short-rotation woody crop frequently studied for its significance as a sustainable bioenergy source. The successful establishment of a poplar plantation partially depends on its rhizosphere-a dynamic zone governed by complex interactions between plant roots and a plethora of commensal, mutualistic, symbiotic, or pathogenic microbes that shape plant fitness. In an exploratory endeavor, we investigated the effects of a consortium consisting of ectomycorrhizal fungi and a beneficial Pseudomonas sp. strain GM41 on plant growth (including height, stem girth, leaf, and root growth) and as well as growth rate over time, across four Populus trichocarpa genotypes. Additionally, we compared the level of total organic carbon and plant exometabolite profiles across different poplar genotypes in the presence of the microbial consortium. These data revealed no significant difference in plant growth parameters between the treatments and the control across four different poplar genotypes at 7 weeks post-inoculation. However, total organic carbon and exometabolite profiles were significantly different between the genotypes and the treatments. These findings suggest that this microbial consortium has the potential to trigger early signaling responses in poplar, influencing its metabolism in ways crucial for later developmental processes and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa A. Carrell
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
| | - Miranda Clark
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
| | - Sara Jawdy
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
| | | | - Gladys Alexandre
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Tennessee‐KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Jesse L. Labbé
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
- Present address:
Technology HoldingSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Tomás A. Rush
- Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
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3
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Zemaitis KJ, Lin VS, Ahkami AH, Winkler TE, Anderton CR, Veličković D. Expanded Coverage of Phytocompounds by Mass Spectrometry Imaging Using On-Tissue Chemical Derivatization by 4-APEBA. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12701-12709. [PMID: 37594382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Probing the entirety of any species metabolome is an analytical grand challenge, especially on a cellular scale. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a common spatial metabolomics assay, but this technique has limited molecular coverage for several reasons. To expand the application space of spatial metabolomics, we developed an on-tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) workflow using 4-APEBA for the confident identification of several dozen elusive phytocompounds. Overall, this new OTCD method enabled the annotation of roughly 280 metabolites, with only a 10% overlap in metabolic coverage when compared to analog negative ion mode MALDI-MSI on serial sections. We demonstrate that 4-APEBA outperforms other derivatization agents by providing: (1) broad specificity toward carbonyls, (2) low background, and (3) introduction of bromine isotopes. Notably, the latter two attributes also facilitate more confidence in our bioinformatics for data processing. The workflow detailed here trailblazes a path toward spatial hormonomics within plant samples, enhancing the detection of carboxylates, aldehydes, and plausibly other carbonyls. As such, several phytohormones, which have various roles within stress responses and cellular communication, can now be spatially profiled, as demonstrated in poplar root and soybean root nodule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Zemaitis
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Vivian S Lin
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Amir H Ahkami
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Tanya E Winkler
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Christopher R Anderton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Dušan Veličković
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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Responses to Drought Stress in Poplar: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020533. [PMID: 36836891 PMCID: PMC9962866 DOI: 10.3390/life13020533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Poplar (Populus spp.) is a high-value crop for wood and biomass production and a model organism for tree physiology and genomics. The early release, in 2006, of the complete genome sequence of P. trichocarpa was followed by a wealth of studies that significantly enriched our knowledge of complex pathways inherent to woody plants, such as lignin biosynthesis and secondary cell wall deposition. Recently, in the attempt to cope with the challenges posed by ongoing climate change, fundamental studies and breeding programs with poplar have gradually shifted their focus to address the responses to abiotic stresses, particularly drought. Taking advantage from a set of modern genomic and phenotyping tools, these studies are now shedding light on important processes, including embolism formation (the entry and expansion of air bubbles in the xylem) and repair, the impact of drought stress on biomass yield and quality, and the long-term effects of drought events. In this review, we summarize the status of the research on the molecular bases of the responses to drought in poplar. We highlight how this knowledge can be exploited to select more tolerant genotypes and how it can be translated to other tree species to improve our understanding of forest dynamics under rapidly changing environmental conditions.
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Lei L, Zhang JY, Pu D, Liu BZ, Meng XM, Shang QM, Duan YD, Zhang F, Zhang MX, Dong CJ. ABA-responsive AREB1/ABI3-1/ABI5 cascade regulates IAA oxidase gene SlDAO2 to inhibit hypocotyl elongation in tomato. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:498-517. [PMID: 36369997 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypocotyl elongation is dramatically influenced by environmental factors and phytohormones. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays a prominent role in hypocotyl elongation, whereas abscisic acid (ABA) is regarded as an inhibitor through repressing IAA synthesis and signalling. However, the regulatory role of ABA in local IAA deactivation remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we confirmed the antagonistic interplay of ABA and IAA during the hypocotyl elongation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings. We identified an IAA oxidase enzyme DIOXYGENASE FOR AUXIN OXIDATION2 (SlDAO2), and its expression was induced by both external and internal ABA signals in tomato hypocotyls. Moreover, the overexpression of SlDAO2 led to a reduced sensitivity to IAA, and the knockout of SlDAO2 alleviated the inhibitory effect of ABA on hypocotyl elongation. Furthermore, an ABA-responsive regulatory SlAREB1/SlABI3-1/SlABI5 cascade was identified to act upstream of SlDAO2 and to precisely control its expression. SlAREB1 directly bound to the ABRE present in the SlDAO2 promoter to activate SlDAO2 expression, and SlABI3-1 enhanced while SlABI5 inhibited the activation ability of SlAREB1 by directly interacting with SlAREB1. Our findings revealed that ABA might induce local IAA oxidation and deactivation via SlDAO2 to modulate IAA homoeostasis and thereby repress hypocotyl elongation in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Pu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Zhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Min Meng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Mao Shang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Dan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Juan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Li Q, Shen C, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Niu M, Wang HL, Lian C, Tian Q, Mao W, Wang X, Liu C, Yin W, Xia X. PePYL4 enhances drought tolerance by modulating water-use efficiency and ROS scavenging in Populus. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:102-117. [PMID: 36074523 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major limiting factors in the growth of terrestrial plants. Abscisic acid (ABA) and pyrabactin resistance 1/prabactin resistance-1 like/regulatory components of ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCARs) play a key role in response to drought stress. However, the underlying mechanisms of this control remain largely elusive in trees. In this study, PePYL4, a potential ortholog of the PYR/PYL/RCARs gene, was cloned from Populus euphratica. It was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus, induced by ABA, osmotic and dehydration treatments. To study the potential biological functions of PePYL4, transgenic triploid white poplars (Populus tomentosa 'YiXianCiZhu B38') overexpressing PePYL4 were generated. PePYL4 overexpression significantly increased ABA sensitivity and reduced stomatal aperture. Compared with wild-type plants, transgenic plants had higher water-use efficiency (WUE) and lower transpiration. When exposed to drought stress, PePYL4 overexpression plants maintained higher photosynthetic activity and accumulated more biomass. Moreover, overexpression of PePYL4 improved antioxidant enzyme activity and ascorbate content to accelerate reactive oxygen species scavenging. Meanwhile, upregulation expression of the stress-related genes also contributed to improving the drought tolerance of transgenic plants. In conclusion, our data suggest that PePYL4 is a promising gene target for regulating WUE and drought tolerance in Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chao Shen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yangyan Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengxue Niu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hou-Ling Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Conglong Lian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qianqian Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Salver Academy of Botany, Rizhao 262305, China
| | | | - Chao Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weilun Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinli Xia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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7
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Bharathi JK, Anandan R, Benjamin LK, Muneer S, Prakash MAS. Recent trends and advances of RNA interference (RNAi) to improve agricultural crops and enhance their resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:600-618. [PMID: 36529010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, significant advances have been made using genetic engineering technology to modify genes from various exotic origins and introduce them into plants to induce favorable traits. RNA interference (RNAi) was discovered earlier as a natural process for controlling the expression of genes across all higher species. It aims to enhance precision and accuracy in pest/pathogen resistance, quality improvement, and manipulating the architecture of plants. However, it existed as a widely used technique recently. RNAi technologies could well be used to down-regulate any genes' expression without disrupting the expression of other genes. The use of RNA interference to silence genes in various organisms has become the preferred method for studying gene functions. The establishment of new approaches and applications for enhancing desirable characters is essential in crops by gene suppression and the refinement of knowledge of endogenous RNAi mechanisms in plants. RNAi technology in recent years has become an important and choicest method for controlling insects, pests, pathogens, and abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, and temperature. Although there are certain drawbacks in efficiency of this technology such as gene candidate selection, stability of trigger molecule, choice of target species and crops. Nevertheless, from past decade several target genes has been identified in numerous crops for their improvement towards biotic and abiotic stresses. The current review is aimed to emphasize the research done on crops under biotic and abiotic stress using RNAi technology. The review also highlights the gene regulatory pathways/gene silencing, RNA interference, RNAi knockdown, RNAi induced biotic and abiotic resistance and advancements in the understanding of RNAi technology and the functionality of various components of the RNAi machinery in crops for their improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jothi Kanmani Bharathi
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramaswamy Anandan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lincy Kirubhadharsini Benjamin
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowbiya Muneer
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Muthu Arjuna Samy Prakash
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Zheng M, Wang Q, Lei S, Yang D, Liu Y, Feng D, Huang X, Yang K, Qian J, Hsu YF. PtoMPO1, a negative mediator, functions in poplar drought tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 190:156-163. [PMID: 36115269 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought, as one of the most severe abiotic stresses in nature, adversely affects plant growth and development. Poplar is a woody plant which is prone to water-deficit sensitivity. Therefore, it is important to improve our understanding of how poplar responds to drought stress. Here, we cloned a gene from Populus tomentosa, namely PtoMPO1. PtoMPO1 encodes a DUF962 domain protein that is a homolog of yeast dioxygenase Mpo1 and Arabidopsis MHP1. The transcripts of PtoMPO1 were repressed by drought stress and ABA. Atmhp1-1 was a T-DNA insertion mutant lacking AtMHP1, and heteroexpression of PtoMPO1 in Atmhp1-1 significantly alleviated the sensitivity of Atmhp1-1 to ABA and NaCl, implying the functional replacement of PtoMPO1 to AtMHP1. PtoMPO1 overexpression decreased but PtoMPO1 mutation enhanced poplar drought tolerance. Furthermore, the expression of drought-related gene PtoRD26 is markedly lower in PtoMPO1-overexpressing plants and notably higher in Ptompo1 mutants compared to that in the wild type. Overall, these results suggested that PtoMPO1 functions as a novel negative mediator for drought tolerance in poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qingzhu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shikang Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongcheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Dalan Feng
- Chongqing Academy of Forestry, Chongqing Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Storehouse District Forest Ecology Protects and Restores, Chongqing, 400036, China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Chongqing Academy of Forestry, Chongqing Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Storehouse District Forest Ecology Protects and Restores, Chongqing, 400036, China
| | - Kezhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jie Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi-Feng Hsu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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9
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Kasper K, Abreu IN, Feussner K, Zienkiewicz K, Herrfurth C, Ischebeck T, Janz D, Majcherczyk A, Schmitt K, Valerius O, Braus GH, Feussner I, Polle A. Multi-omics analysis of xylem sap uncovers dynamic modulation of poplar defenses by ammonium and nitrate. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:282-303. [PMID: 35535561 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Xylem sap is the major transport route for nutrients from roots to shoots. In the present study, we investigated how variations in nitrogen (N) nutrition affected the metabolome and proteome of xylem sap and the growth of the xylem endophyte Brennaria salicis, and we also report transcriptional re-wiring of leaf defenses in poplar (Populus × canescens). We supplied poplars with high, intermediate or low concentrations of ammonium or nitrate. We identified 288 unique proteins in xylem sap. Approximately 85% of the xylem sap proteins were shared among ammonium- and nitrate-supplied plants. The number of proteins increased with increasing N supply but the major functional categories (catabolic processes, cell wall-related enzymes, defense) were unaffected. Ammonium nutrition caused higher abundances of amino acids and carbohydrates, whereas nitrate caused higher malate levels in xylem sap. Pipecolic acid and N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid increased, whereas salicylic acid and jasmonoyl-isoleucine decreased, with increasing N nutrition. Untargeted metabolome analyses revealed 2179 features in xylem sap, of which 863 were differentially affected by N treatments. We identified 124 metabolites, mainly from specialized metabolism of the groups of salicinoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics, flavonoids, and benzoates. Their abundances increased with decreasing N, except coumarins. Brennaria salicis growth was reduced in nutrient-supplemented xylem sap of low- and high- NO3- -fed plants compared to that of NH4+ -fed plants. The drastic changes in xylem sap composition caused massive changes in the transcriptional landscape of leaves and recruited defenses related to systemic acquired and induced systemic resistance. Our study uncovers unexpected complexity and variability of xylem composition with consequences for plant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kasper
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Ilka N Abreu
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Kirstin Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Zienkiewicz
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Cornelia Herrfurth
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Dennis Janz
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Andrzej Majcherczyk
- Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schmitt
- Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Proteomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Oliver Valerius
- Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Proteomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Gerhard H Braus
- Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Proteomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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10
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Changing Temperature Conditions during Somatic Embryo Maturation Result in Pinus pinaster Plants with Altered Response to Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031318. [PMID: 35163242 PMCID: PMC8835971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the global warming scenario, obtaining plant material with improved tolerance to abiotic stresses is a challenge for afforestation programs. In this work, maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) plants were produced from somatic embryos matured at different temperatures (18, 23, or 28 °C, named after M18, M23, and M28, respectively) and after 2 years in the greenhouse a heat stress treatment (45 °C for 3 h/day for 10 days) was applied. Temperature variation during embryo development resulted in altered phenotypes (leaf histology, proline content, photosynthetic rates, and hormone profile) before and after stress. The thickness of chlorenchyma was initially larger in M28 plants, but was significantly reduced after heat stress, while increased in M18 plants. Irrespective of their origin, when these plants were subjected to a heat treatment, relative water content (RWC) and photosynthetic carbon assimilation rates were not significantly affected, although M18 plants increased net photosynthesis rate after 10 days recovery (tR). M18 plants showed proline contents that increased dramatically (2.4-fold) when subjected to heat stress, while proline contents remained unaffected in M23 and M28 plants. Heat stress significantly increased abscisic acid (ABA) content in the needles of maritime pine plants (1.4-, 3.6- and 1.9-fold in M18, M23, and M28 plants, respectively), while indole-3-acetic acid content only increased in needles from M23 plants. After the heat treatment, the total cytokinin contents of needles decreased significantly, particularly in M18 and M28 plants, although levels of active forms (cytokinin bases) did not change in M18 plants. In conclusion, our results suggest that maturation of maritime pine somatic embryos at lower temperature resulted in plants with better performance when subjected to subsequent high temperature stress, as demonstrated by faster and higher proline increase, lower increases in ABA levels, no reduction in active cytokinin, and a better net photosynthesis rate recovery.
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Yin Y, Wang C, Xiao D, Liang Y, Wang Y. Advances and Perspectives of Transgenic Technology and Biotechnological Application in Forest Trees. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:786328. [PMID: 34917116 PMCID: PMC8669725 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.786328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic technology is increasingly used in forest-tree breeding to overcome the disadvantages of traditional breeding methods, such as a long breeding cycle, complex cultivation environment, and complicated procedures. By introducing exogenous DNA, genes tightly related or contributed to ideal traits-including insect, disease, and herbicide resistance-were transferred into diverse forest trees, and genetically modified (GM) trees including poplars were cultivated. It is beneficial to develop new varieties of GM trees of high quality and promote the genetic improvement of forests. However, the low transformation efficiency has hampered the cultivation of GM trees and the identification of the molecular genetic mechanism in forest trees compared to annual herbaceous plants such as Oryza sativa. In this study, we reviewed advances in transgenic technology of forest trees, including the principles, advantages and disadvantages of diverse genetic transformation methods, and their application for trait improvement. The review provides insight into the establishment and improvement of genetic transformation systems for forest tree species. Challenges and perspectives pertaining to the genetic transformation of forest trees are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Liang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Yu D, Janz D, Zienkiewicz K, Herrfurth C, Feussner I, Chen S, Polle A. Wood Formation under Severe Drought Invokes Adjustment of the Hormonal and Transcriptional Landscape in Poplar. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9899. [PMID: 34576062 PMCID: PMC8493802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is a severe environmental stress that exerts negative effects on plant growth. In trees, drought leads to reduced secondary growth and altered wood anatomy. The mechanisms underlying wood stress adaptation are not well understood. Here, we investigated the physiological, anatomical, hormonal, and transcriptional responses of poplar to strong drought. Drought-stressed xylem was characterized by higher vessel frequencies, smaller vessel lumina, and thicker secondary fiber cell walls. These changes were accompanied by strong increases in abscisic acid (ABA) and antagonistic changes in salicylic acid in wood. Transcriptional evidence supported ABA biosynthesis and signaling in wood. Since ABA signaling activates the fiber-thickening factor NST1, we expected upregulation of the secondary cell wall (SCW) cascade under stress. By contrast, transcription factors and biosynthesis genes for SCW formation were down-regulated, whereas a small set of cellulose synthase-like genes and a huge array of genes involved in cell wall modification were up-regulated in drought-stressed wood. Therefore, we suggest that ABA signaling monitors normal SCW biosynthesis and that drought causes a switch from normal to "stress wood" formation recruiting a dedicated set of genes for cell wall biosynthesis and remodeling. This proposition implies that drought-induced changes in cell wall properties underlie regulatory mechanisms distinct from those of normal wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dade Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Büsgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dennis Janz
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Büsgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Krzysztof Zienkiewicz
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-Von-Haller Institute, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (K.Z.); (C.H.); (I.F.)
| | - Cornelia Herrfurth
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-Von-Haller Institute, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (K.Z.); (C.H.); (I.F.)
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-Von-Haller Institute, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (K.Z.); (C.H.); (I.F.)
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Andrea Polle
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Büsgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Yu S, Bekkering CS, Tian L. Metabolic engineering in woody plants: challenges, advances, and opportunities. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:299-313. [PMID: 36303882 PMCID: PMC9590576 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Woody plant species represent an invaluable reserve of biochemical diversity to which metabolic engineering can be applied to satisfy the need for commodity and specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. Woody plants are particularly promising for this application due to their low input needs, high biomass, and immeasurable ecosystem services. However, existing challenges have hindered their widespread adoption in metabolic engineering efforts, such as long generation times, large and highly heterozygous genomes, and difficulties in transformation and regeneration. Recent advances in omics approaches, systems biology modeling, and plant transformation and regeneration methods provide effective approaches in overcoming these outstanding challenges. Promises brought by developments in this space are steadily opening the door to widespread metabolic engineering of woody plants to meet the global need for a wide range of sustainably sourced chemicals and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yu
- Department of Plant Sciences, Mail Stop 3, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Cody S. Bekkering
- Department of Plant Sciences, Mail Stop 3, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Plant Sciences, Mail Stop 3, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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Jewaria PK, Hänninen H, Li X, Bhalerao RP, Zhang R. A hundred years after: endodormancy and the chilling requirement in subtropical trees. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:565-570. [PMID: 33811341 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Endodormancy and the related chilling requirement synchronize the seasonal development of trees from the boreal and temperate regions under the climatic conditions prevailing at their native growing sites. The phenomenon of endodormancy has been known at the whole-plant level for 100 years, and in the last couple of decades, insights into the physiological and molecular basis of endodormancy and its release have also been obtained. Intriguingly, recent studies have shown experimentally that subtropical trees also show endodormancy and a chilling requirement. Motivated by the climatic differences between the subtropical and more northern zones, here we address the similarities and differences in endodormancy between trees growing in the subtropical zone and those growing in more northern zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar Jewaria
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
| | - Heikki Hänninen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
| | - Rishikesh P Bhalerao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, SLU, Umeå, S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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Sharmin S, Lipka U, Polle A, Eckert C. The influence of transpiration on foliar accumulation of salt and nutrients under salinity in poplar (Populus × canescens). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253228. [PMID: 34166404 PMCID: PMC8224899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing salinity is one of the major drawbacks for plant growth. Besides the ion itself being toxic to plant cells, it greatly interferes with the supply of other macronutrients like potassium, calcium and magnesium. However, little is known about how sodium affects the translocation of these nutrients from the root to the shoot. The major driving force of this translocation process is thought to be the water flow through the xylem driven by transpiration. To dissect the effects of transpiration from those of salinity we compared salt stressed, ABA treated and combined salt- and ABA treated poplars with untreated controls. Salinity reduced the root content of major nutrients like K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. Less Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the roots resulted in reduced leaf Ca2+ and leaf Mg2+ levels due to reduced stomatal conductance and reduced transpiration. Interestingly, leaf K+ levels were positively affected in leaves under salt stress although there was less K+ in the roots under salt. In response to ABA, transpiration was also decreased and Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels decreased comparably to the salt stress treatment, while K+ levels were not affected. Thus, our results suggest that loading and retention of leaf K+ is enhanced under salt stress compared to merely transpiration driven cation supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayla Sharmin
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Lipka
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Eckert
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Mukarram M, Choudhary S, Kurjak D, Petek A, Khan MMA. Drought: Sensing, signalling, effects and tolerance in higher plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1291-1300. [PMID: 33847385 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought can be considered as a cocktail of multiple stressful conditions that contribute to osmotic and ionic imbalance in plants. Considering that water is vital for plant life, the very survival of the plant becomes questionable during drought conditions. Water deficit affects a wide spectrum of morpho-physiological phenomena restricting overall plant growth, development and productivity. To evade such complications and ameliorate drought-induced effects, plants have a battery of various defence mechanisms. These mechanisms can vary from stomatal adjustments to osmotic adjustments and antioxidant metabolism to ion regulations. In this review, we critically evaluate how drought is perceived and signalled through the whole plant via abscisic acid mediated pathways. Additionally, the impact of drought on photosynthesis, gas exchange variables and reactive oxygen species pathway was also reviewed, along with the reversal of these induced effects through associated morpho-physiological counter mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Sadaf Choudhary
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Daniel Kurjak
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Anja Petek
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Yao T, Zhang J, Xie M, Yuan G, Tschaplinski TJ, Muchero W, Chen JG. Transcriptional Regulation of Drought Response in Arabidopsis and Woody Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:572137. [PMID: 33488639 PMCID: PMC7820124 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.572137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Within the context of global warming, long-living plants such as perennial woody species endure adverse conditions. Among all of the abiotic stresses, drought stress is one of the most detrimental stresses that inhibit plant growth and productivity. Plants have evolved multiple mechanisms to respond to drought stress, among which transcriptional regulation is one of the key mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent progress on the regulation of drought response by transcription factor (TF) families, which include abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent ABA-responsive element/ABRE-binding factors (ABRE/ABF), WRKY, and Nuclear Factor Y families, as well as ABA-independent AP2/ERF and NAC families, in the model plant Arabidopsis. We also review what is known in woody species, particularly Populus, due to its importance and relevance in economic and ecological processes. We discuss opportunities for a deeper understanding of drought response in woody plants with the development of high-throughput omics analyses and advanced genome editing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yao
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Xie
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - Guoliang Yuan
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Timothy J. Tschaplinski
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jin-Gui Chen
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
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Estravis-Barcala M, Mattera MG, Soliani C, Bellora N, Opgenoorth L, Heer K, Arana MV. Molecular bases of responses to abiotic stress in trees. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3765-3779. [PMID: 31768543 PMCID: PMC7316969 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Trees are constantly exposed to climate fluctuations, which vary with both time and geographic location. Environmental changes that are outside of the physiological favorable range usually negatively affect plant performance and trigger responses to abiotic stress. Long-living trees in particular have evolved a wide spectrum of molecular mechanisms to coordinate growth and development under stressful conditions, thus minimizing fitness costs. The ongoing development of techniques directed at quantifying abiotic stress has significantly increased our knowledge of physiological responses in woody plants. However, it is only within recent years that advances in next-generation sequencing and biochemical approaches have enabled us to begin to understand the complexity of the molecular systems that underlie these responses. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of the molecular bases of drought and temperature stresses in trees, with a focus on functional, transcriptomic, epigenetic, and population genomic studies. In addition, we highlight topics that will contribute to progress in our understanding of the plastic and adaptive responses of woody plants to drought and temperature in a context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Estravis-Barcala
- Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales, (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas- Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Mattera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Carolina Soliani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Bellora
- Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales, (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas- Universidad Nacional del Comahue), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Lars Opgenoorth
- Department of Ecology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, BirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Katrin Heer
- Department of Conservation Biology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg Germany
| | - María Verónica Arana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
- Correspondence:
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Ding Y, Jin Y, He K, Yi Z, Tan L, Liu L, Tang M, Du A, Fang Y, Zhao H. Low Nitrogen Fertilization Alter Rhizosphere Microorganism Community and Improve Sweetpotato Yield in a Nitrogen-Deficient Rocky Soil. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:678. [PMID: 32351491 PMCID: PMC7174733 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweetpotato can be cultivated in the reclaimed rocky soil in Sichuan Basin, China, which benefits from the release of mineral nutrients in the rocky soil by microorganisms. Shortage of nitrogen (N) in the rocky soil limits sweetpotato yield, which can be compensated through N fertilization. Whereas high N fertilization inhibits biological N fixation and induces unintended environmental consequences. However, the effect of low N fertilization on microorganism community and sweetpotato yield in the N-deficient rocky soil is still unclear. We added a low level of 1.5 g urea/m2 to a rocky soil cultivated with sweetpotato, and measured rocky soil physiological and biochemical properties, rhizosphere microbial diversity, sweetpotato physiological properties and transcriptome. When cultivating sweetpotato in the rocky soil, low N fertilization (1.5 g urea/m2) not only improved total N (TN) and available N (AN) in the rocky soil, but also increased available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and nitrogenase and urease activity. Interestingly, although low N fertilization could reduce bacterial diversity through affecting sweetpotato root exudates and rocky soil properties, the relative abundance of P and K-solubilizing bacteria, N-fixing and urease-producing bacteria increased under low N fertilization, and the relative abundance of plant pathogens decreased. Furthermore, low N fertilization increased the phytohormones, such as zeatin riboside, abscisic acid, and methyl jasmonate contents in sweetpotato root. Those increases were consistent with our transcriptome findings: the inhibition of the lignin synthesis, the promotion of the starch synthesis, and the upregulated expression of Expansin, thus resulting in promoting the formation of tuberous roots and further increasing the sweetpotato yield by half, up to 3.3 kg/m2. This study indicated that low N fertilization in the N-deficient rocky soil improved this soil quality through affecting microorganism community, and further increased sweetpotato yield under regulation of phytohormones pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaize He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuolin Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Liu
- Sweetpotato Institute, Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, China
| | - Mingshuang Tang
- Sweetpotato Institute, Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, China
| | - Anping Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
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20
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Groover A, Mansfield SD. An introduction to a Virtual Issue on Wood Biology. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:1401-1403. [PMID: 31957082 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Groover
- Pacific Southwest Research Station, US Forest Service, 1731 Research Park Drive, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Shawn D Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre 4030, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Taylor G, Donnison IS, Murphy-Bokern D, Morgante M, Bogeat-Triboulot MB, Bhalerao R, Hertzberg M, Polle A, Harfouche A, Alasia F, Petoussi V, Trebbi D, Schwarz K, Keurentjes JJB, Centritto M, Genty B, Flexas J, Grill E, Salvi S, Davies WJ. Sustainable bioenergy for climate mitigation: developing drought-tolerant trees and grasses. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:513-520. [PMID: 31665761 PMCID: PMC6821384 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bioenergy crops are central to climate mitigation strategies that utilize biogenic carbon, such as BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage), alongside the use of biomass for heat, power, liquid fuels and, in the future, biorefining to chemicals. Several promising lignocellulosic crops are emerging that have no food role - fast-growing trees and grasses - but are well suited as bioenergy feedstocks, including Populus, Salix, Arundo, Miscanthus, Panicum and Sorghum. SCOPE These promising crops remain largely undomesticated and, until recently, have had limited germplasm resources. In order to avoid competition with food crops for land and nature conservation, it is likely that future bioenergy crops will be grown on marginal land that is not needed for food production and is of poor quality and subject to drought stress. Thus, here we define an ideotype for drought tolerance that will enable biomass production to be maintained in the face of moderate drought stress. This includes traits that can readily be measured in wide populations of several hundred unique genotypes for genome-wide association studies, alongside traits that are informative but can only easily be assessed in limited numbers or training populations that may be more suitable for genomic selection. Phenotyping, not genotyping, is now the major bottleneck for progress, since in all lignocellulosic crops studied extensive use has been made of next-generation sequencing such that several thousand markers are now available and populations are emerging that will enable rapid progress for drought-tolerance breeding. The emergence of novel technologies for targeted genotyping by sequencing are particularly welcome. Genome editing has already been demonstrated for Populus and offers significant potential for rapid deployment of drought-tolerant crops through manipulation of ABA receptors, as demonstrated in Arabidopsis, with other gene targets yet to be tested. CONCLUSIONS Bioenergy is predicted to be the fastest-developing renewable energy over the coming decade and significant investment over the past decade has been made in developing genomic resources and in collecting wild germplasm from within the natural ranges of several tree and grass crops. Harnessing these resources for climate-resilient crops for the future remains a challenge but one that is likely to be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - I S Donnison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK
| | | | - M Morgante
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, Udine, Italy
| | | | - R Bhalerao
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umea Plant Sciences Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, Sweden
| | - M Hertzberg
- SweTree Technologies AB, SE-904 03 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Polle
- Büsgen‐Institute, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georg‐August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Harfouche
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - F Alasia
- Franco Alasia Vivai, Strada Solerette, Savigliano, Italy
| | - V Petoussi
- Department of Sociology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
| | - D Trebbi
- Geneticlab, Via Roveredo, Pordenone, Italy
| | - K Schwarz
- Julius Kühn‐Institut (JKI) Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Bundesallee 50, D‐38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J J B Keurentjes
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Centritto
- Trees and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B Genty
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR 7265, Saint Paul lez Durance, France
| | - J Flexas
- Research Group on Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - E Grill
- Lehrstuhl für Botanik, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - S Salvi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin, Bologna, Italy
| | - W J Davies
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Abstract
Forests fulfill important ecological functions by sustaining nutrient cycles and providing habitats for a multitude of organisms. They further deliver ecosystem services such as carbon storage, protection from erosion, and wood as an important commodity. Trees have to cope in their environment with a multitude of natural and anthropogenic forms of stress. Resilience and resistance mechanisms to biotic and abiotic stresses are of special importance for long-lived tree species. Since trees exist for many decades or even centuries on the same spot, they have to acclimate their growth and reproduction to constantly changing atmospheric and pedospheric conditions. In this special issue, we invited contributions addressing the physiological responses of forest trees to a wide array of different stress factors. Among the eighteen papers published, seventeen covered drought or salt stress as major environmental cues, highlighting the relevance of this topic in times of climate change. Only one paper studied cold stress [1]. The dominance of drought and salt stress studies underpins the need to understand tree responses to these environmental threats from the molecular to the ecophysiological level. The papers contributing to this Special Issue cover these scientific aspects in different areas of the globe and encompass conifers as well as broadleaf tree species. In addition, two studies deal with bamboo (Phyllostachys sp., [1,2]). Bamboo, although botanically belonging to grasses, was included because its ecological functions and applications are similar to those of trees.
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