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Wang H, Li Y, Wang Q, Wu M, Wang R, Han X, Liu L, Liu T, Shi C, Zhong L, Zhang H, Cheng Y, Wang P, Qu X. VAP27-1 interacts with KCS6 and CER2 to facilitate the biosynthesis of very- long-chain fatty acids. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2025; 355:112489. [PMID: 40174864 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2025] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/04/2025]
Abstract
Cuticular wax is primarily composed of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and their derivatives. It forms a critical hydrophobic layer on plant surfaces, acting as a protective barrier against biotic and abiotic stress. The biosynthesis of VLCFAs and their derivative wax occurs in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is subsequently transported to the plant surface. While substantial research has focused on cuticular wax biosynthesis enzymes and their transcriptional regulation, the mechanisms by which these enzymes are modulated by proteins within cytosol organelles remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified that β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6 (KCS6), an ER-localized rate-limiting enzyme in VLCFAs biosynthesis, also localized at ER-plasma membrane contact sites (EPCS). We further demonstrated that KCS6 and its cofactor ECERIFERUM 2 (CER2) interact with vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein 27-1 (VAP27-1), a key regulator of EPCS formation and stabilization. Overexpression of VAP27-1 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in a significant increase in almost all cuticular wax components compared to WT. Additionally, firefly luciferase complementation imaging assays (LCI) and yeast heterologous expression analysis revealed that VAP27-1 strengthens the interaction between the KCS6-CER2 complex, resulting in increased accumulation of VLCFAs. In conclusion, this study emphasized the critical role of VAP27-1 in regulating the biosynthesis of cuticular wax mediated by KCS6-CER2, providing new insights into the fine-tuning mechanisms of cuticular wax biosynthesis within the ER. Furthermore, the identification of VAP27-1 as a novel modulator of VLCFA synthases offers a potential target for enhancing plant resilience to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Yifan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Qinyao Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Mengxia Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Ruiyuan Wang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Xinran Han
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Ting Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Chunmei Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Linlin Zhong
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Yunjiang Cheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National R&D Center for Citrus Postharvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Pengwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Xiaolu Qu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Ahn G, Jung IJ, Shin GI, Jeong SY, Ji MG, Huh JS, Hwang JW, Kim J, Cha JY, Lee SY, Kim MG, Kim WY. The core morning clock component CCA1 enhances UPR target gene expression to facilitate ER stress recovery. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2025; 6:101284. [PMID: 39953730 PMCID: PMC12010412 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular organelle responsible for protein synthesis and folding. When its protein folding capacity is exceeded, unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate, causing ER stress and triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore ER proteostasis. Although UPR gene expression in plants follows a diel cycle, the mechanisms by which the circadian clock regulates these genes remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that sensitivity to ER stress in root growth exhibits time-of-day phases and that the circadian clock regulates UPR target gene expression during ER stress. Notably, mutations in the core morning clock component CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) impair ER stress recovery. CCA1 forms a complex with the UPR modulator basic leucine zipper 28 (bZIP28) and acts as an upstream regulator of ER stress recovery. Upon ER stress, CCA1 is stabilized and associates with bZIP28 at the ER stress response element within the BiP3 promoter, enhancing the ER stress response. Thus, CCA1 and bZIP28 coordinate a time-dependent adaptive response to ER stress to maintain ER proteostasis. Our results suggest that the circadian clock primes the timing and levels of ER chaperone expression to enhance ER stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongik Ahn
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jung Jung
- National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention (NIWDC), Ministry of Environment, Gwangju 62407, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Im Shin
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Jeong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Geun Ji
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Huh
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Hwang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsik Kim
- Faculty of Science Education and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gab Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), PBRRC, PMBBRC, RILS & IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Xu Z, Zang J, Zhang X, Zheng Q, Li Y, Field N, Fiserova J, Hua B, Qu X, Kriechbaumer V, Deeks MJ, Hussey PJ, Wang P. The ER-PM interaction is essential for cytokinesis and recruits the actin cytoskeleton through the SCAR/WAVE complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2025; 122:e2416927122. [PMID: 39913210 PMCID: PMC11831168 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2416927122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Plant cytokinesis requires coordination between the actin cytoskeleton, microtubules, and membranes to guide division plane formation and cell plate expansion; how these regulatory factors are coordinated remains unknown. The actin cytoskeleton assembly is controlled by several actin nucleation factors, such as the SCAR/WAVE complex, which regulates actin nucleation and branching through the activation of the ARP2/3 complex. The activity of these actin regulatory proteins is likely influenced by interactions with specific membranes; however, the molecular basis and the biological relevance of SCAR-membrane interactions are also unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the ER-PM tethering protein VAP27-1 directly interacts with SCAR2 at the ER membrane and that they colocalize to guide cell plate orientation during cell division. In the root meristem, both VAP27-1 and SCAR2 exhibit polarized localization at the cell plates, where the interaction between ER and PM is abundant. VAP27-1 recruits SCAR2 to the cell division plane, where there is a high concentration of actin filaments. In the vap27-1346 mutant, the densities of cortical ER, SCAR2, and consequently actin filaments are significantly reduced at the cell division plane, affecting cell plate orientation, cell division, and root development. A similar phenomenon is also observed in the scar1234 mutant, suggesting that VAP27 and SCAR proteins regulate cell division through a similar pathway. In conclusion, our data reveal a plant-specific function of VAP27-regulated ER-PM interaction and advance our understanding of plant ER-PM contact site and its role in cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Jingze Zang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Qiwei Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Yifan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Nadine Field
- School of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, OxfordOX3 0BP, United Kingdom
| | - Jindriska Fiserova
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Bing Hua
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou225009, China
| | - Xiaolu Qu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Verena Kriechbaumer
- School of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, OxfordOX3 0BP, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Deeks
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, ExeterEX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J. Hussey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Pengwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan430070, China
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4
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Li Y, Pain C, Cui X, Li M, Zhang T, Li J, Kriechbaumer V, Wang P. Studying ER-membrane contact sites in plants using the optogenetic approach: Taking the LiMETER as an example. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2025; 121:e17191. [PMID: 39658545 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/23/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) links to multiple organelles through membrane contact sites (MCS), which play critical roles in signal transduction, cell homeostasis and stress response. However, studying the behaviour and functions of MCS in plants is still challenging, partially due to the lack of site-specific markers. Here, we used an optogenetic reporter, LiMETER (Light-inducible Membrane-Tethered cortical ER), to study the structure and dynamics of ER-PM contact sites (EPCS) in plants. Upon blue light activation, LiMETER is recruited to the EPCS rapidly, while this process is reversible when blue light is turned off. Compared with other EPCS reporters, LiMETER specifically and reversibly labels the contact sites, causing little side-effects on the ER structure and plant development. With its help, we re-examined the formation of ER-PM connections induced by cell-intrinsic factors or extracellular stimuli. We found that EPCSs are preferably localised at ER tubules and the edge of ER cisternae, and their number increased significantly under abiotic stress conditions. The abundance of ER and PM interaction is also developmental dependent, suggesting a direct link between ER-PM interaction, ER function and cell homeostasis. Taken together, we showed that LiMETER is an improved marker for functional and microscopical studies of ER-PM interaction, demonstrating the effectiveness of optogenetic tools in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Charlotte Pain
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Xuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Menghan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiejie Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Verena Kriechbaumer
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Pengwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
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5
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Mu B, Rutkowski DM, Grenci G, Vavylonis D, Zhang D. Ca 2+-dependent vesicular and non-vesicular lipid transfer controls hypoosmotic plasma membrane expansion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.10.20.619261. [PMID: 39484559 PMCID: PMC11527000 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.20.619261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
Robust coordination of surface and volume changes is critical for cell integrity. Few studies have elucidated the plasma membrane (PM) remodeling events during cell surface and volume alteration, especially regarding PM sensing and its subsequent rearrangements. Here, using fission yeast protoplasts, we reveal a Ca2+-dependent mechanism for membrane addition that ensures PM integrity and allows its expansion during acute hypoosmotic cell swelling. We show that MscS-like mechanosensitive channels activated by PM tension control extracellular Ca2+ influx, which triggers direct lipid transfer at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-PM contact sites by conserved extended-synaptotagmins and accelerates exocytosis, enabling PM expansion necessary for osmotic equilibrium. Defects in any of these key events result in rapid protoplast rupture upon severe hypotonic shock. Our numerical simulations of hypoosmotic expansion further propose a cellular strategy that combines instantaneous non-vesicular lipid transfer with bulk exocytic membrane delivery to maintain PM integrity for dramatic cell surface/volume adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baicong Mu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | | | - Gianluca Grenci
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411
| | | | - Dan Zhang
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Otegui MS, Steelheart C, Ma W, Ma J, Kang BH, De Medina Hernandez VS, Dagdas Y, Gao C, Goto-Yamada S, Oikawa K, Nishimura M. Vacuolar degradation of plant organelles. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:3036-3056. [PMID: 38657116 PMCID: PMC11371181 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Plants continuously remodel and degrade their organelles due to damage from their metabolic activities and environmental stressors, as well as an integral part of their cell differentiation programs. Whereas certain organelles use local hydrolytic enzymes for limited remodeling, most of the pathways that control the partial or complete dismantling of organelles rely on vacuolar degradation. Specifically, selective autophagic pathways play a crucial role in recognizing and sorting plant organelle cargo for vacuolar clearance, especially under cellular stress conditions induced by factors like heat, drought, and damaging light. In these short reviews, we discuss the mechanisms that control the vacuolar degradation of chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, and peroxisomes, with an emphasis on autophagy, recently discovered selective autophagy receptors for plant organelles, and crosstalk with other catabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Charlotte Steelheart
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wenlong Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Juncai Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yasin Dagdas
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Caiji Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Shino Goto-Yamada
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 30-348, Poland
| | - Kazusato Oikawa
- Division of Symbiotic Systems, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Mikio Nishimura
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, Japan
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7
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Ding L, Fox AR, Chaumont F. Multifaceted role and regulation of aquaporins for efficient stomatal movements. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3330-3343. [PMID: 38742465 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Stomata are micropores on the leaf epidermis that allow carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake for photosynthesis at the expense of water loss through transpiration. Stomata coordinate the plant gas exchange of carbon and water with the atmosphere through their opening and closing dynamics. In the context of global climate change, it is essential to better understand the mechanism of stomatal movements under different environmental stimuli. Aquaporins (AQPs) are considered important regulators of stomatal movements by contributing to membrane diffusion of water, CO2 and hydrogen peroxide. This review compiles the most recent findings and discusses future directions to update our knowledge of the role of AQPs in stomatal movements. After highlighting the role of subsidiary cells (SCs), which contribute to the high water use efficiency of grass stomata, we explore the expression of AQP genes in guard cells and SCs. We then focus on the cellular regulation of AQP activity at the protein level in stomata. After introducing their post-translational modifications, we detail their trafficking as well as their physical interaction with various partners that regulate AQP subcellular dynamics towards and within specific regions of the cell membranes, such as microdomains and membrane contact sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ana Romina Fox
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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8
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Hancock J, Livingston SJ, Samuels L. Building a biofactory: Constructing glandular trichomes in Cannabis sativa. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 80:102549. [PMID: 38761520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Flowers of Cannabis sativa L. are densely covered with glandular trichomes containing cannabis resin that is used for medicinal and recreational purposes. The highly productive glandular trichomes have been described as 'biofactories.' In this review, we use this analogy to highlight recent advances in cannabis cell biology, metabolomics, and transcriptomics. The biofactory is built by epidermal outgrowths that differentiate into peltate-like glandular trichome heads, consisting of a disc of interconnected secretory cells with unique cellular structures. Cannabinoid and terpenoid products are warehoused in the extracellular storage cavity. Finally, multicellular stalks raise the glandular heads above the epidermis, giving cannabis flower their frosty appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hancock
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Samuel J Livingston
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Lacey Samuels
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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9
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Renna L, Stefano G, Puggioni MP, Kim SJ, Lavell A, Froehlich JE, Burkart G, Mancuso S, Benning C, Brandizzi F. ER-associated VAP27-1 and VAP27-3 proteins functionally link the lipid-binding ORP2A at the ER-chloroplast contact sites. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6008. [PMID: 39019917 PMCID: PMC11255254 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts heterotypic membranes at membrane contact sites (MCSs) through largely undefined mechanisms. For instance, despite the well-established and essential role of the plant ER-chloroplast interactions for lipid biosynthesis, and the reported existence of physical contacts between these organelles, almost nothing is known about the ER-chloroplast MCS identity. Here we show that the Arabidopsis ER membrane-associated VAP27 proteins and the lipid-binding protein ORP2A define a functional complex at the ER-chloroplast MCSs. Specifically, through in vivo and in vitro association assays, we found that VAP27 proteins interact with the outer envelope membrane (OEM) of chloroplasts, where they bind to ORP2A. Through lipidomic analyses, we established that VAP27 proteins and ORP2A directly interact with the chloroplast OEM monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), and we demonstrated that the loss of the VAP27-ORP2A complex is accompanied by subtle changes in the acyl composition of MGDG and PG. We also found that ORP2A interacts with phytosterols and established that the loss of the VAP27-ORP2A complex alters sterol levels in chloroplasts. We propose that, by interacting directly with OEM lipids, the VAP27-ORP2A complex defines plant-unique MCSs that bridge ER and chloroplasts and are involved in chloroplast lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Renna
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stefano
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Puggioni
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sang-Jin Kim
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Anastasiya Lavell
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - John E Froehlich
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Graham Burkart
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Fondazione per il Futuro delle Città, Florence, Italy
| | - Christoph Benning
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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10
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Man Y, Zhang Y, Chen L, Zhou J, Bu Y, Zhang X, Li X, Li Y, Jing Y, Lin J. The VAMP-associated protein VAP27-1 plays a crucial role in plant resistance to ER stress by modulating ER-PM contact architecture in Arabidopsis. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100929. [PMID: 38678366 PMCID: PMC11287176 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane (PM) form ER-PM contact sites (EPCSs) that allow the ER and PM to exchange materials and information. Stress-induced disruption of protein folding triggers ER stress, and the cell initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to resist the stress. However, whether EPCSs play a role in ER stress in plants remains unclear. VESICLE-ASSOCIATED MEMBRANE PROTEIN (VAMP)-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 27-1 (VAP27-1) functions in EPCS tethering and is encoded by a family of 10 genes (VAP27-1-10) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing to obtain a homozygous vap27-1 vap27-3 vap27-4 (vap27-1/3/4) triple mutant lacking three of the key VAP27 family members in Arabidopsis. The vap27-1/3/4 mutant exhibits defects in ER-PM connectivity and EPCS architecture, as well as excessive UPR signaling. We further showed that relocation of VAP27-1 to the PM mediates specific VAP27-1-related EPCS remodeling and expansion under ER stress. Moreover, the spatiotemporal dynamics of VAP27-1 at the PM increase ER-PM connectivity and enhance Arabidopsis resistance to ER stress. In addition, we revealed an important role for intracellular calcium homeostasis in the regulation of UPR signaling. Taken together, these results broaden our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of ER stress and UPR signaling in plants, providing additional clues for improving plant broad-spectrum resistance to different stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Man
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linghui Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yufen Bu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanping Jing
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jinxing Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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11
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Žárský V, Nielsen ME, Blatt MR. Formins, cell wall integrity, ROP guanine exchange factors, secretion regulators, and small secreted peptides in plant cell exocytosis and defence. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3665-3667. [PMID: 38910337 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Žárský
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6-Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Mads Eggert Nielsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Center (CPSC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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12
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Bahammou D, Recorbet G, Mamode Cassim A, Robert F, Balliau T, Van Delft P, Haddad Y, Mongrand S, Fouillen L, Simon-Plas F. A combined lipidomic and proteomic profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38761101 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The plant plasma membrane (PM) plays a key role in perception of environmental signals, and set-up of adaptive responses. An exhaustive and quantitative description of the whole set of lipids and proteins constituting the PM is necessary to understand how these components allow to fulfill such essential physiological functions. Here we provide by state-of-the-art approaches the first combined reference of the plant PM lipidome and proteome from Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cell culture. We identified and quantified a reproducible core set of 2165 proteins, which is by far the largest set of available data concerning this plant PM proteome. Using the same samples, combined lipidomic approaches, allowing the identification and quantification of an unprecedented repertoire of 414 molecular species of lipids showed that sterols, phospholipids, and sphingolipids are present in similar proportions in the plant PM. Within each lipid class, the precise amount of each lipid family and the relative proportion of each molecular species were further determined, allowing to establish the complete lipidome of Arabidopsis PM, and highlighting specific characteristics of the different molecular species of lipids. Results obtained point to a finely tuned adjustment of the molecular characteristics of lipids and proteins. More than a hundred proteins related to lipid metabolism, transport, or signaling have been identified and put in perspective of the lipids with which they are associated. This set of data represents an innovative resource to guide further research relative to the organization and functions of the plant PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Bahammou
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Ghislaine Recorbet
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Adiilah Mamode Cassim
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Franck Robert
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Thierry Balliau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE-Le Moulon, PAPPSO, F-91190, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Van Delft
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Youcef Haddad
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Laetitia Fouillen
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université, Bordeaux, (UMR 5200), F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Françoise Simon-Plas
- UMR Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
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13
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Guo H, Guo H, Zhang L, Tian X, Wu J, Fan Y, Li T, Gou Z, Sun Y, Gao F, Wang J, Shan G, Zeng F. Organelle Ca 2+/CAM1-SELTP confers somatic cell embryogenic competence acquisition and transformation in plant regeneration. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1172-1188. [PMID: 38501463 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Somatic cell totipotency in plant regeneration represents the forefront of the compelling scientific puzzles and one of the most challenging problems in biology. How somatic embryogenic competence is achieved in regeneration remains elusive. Here, we discover uncharacterized organelle-based embryogenic differentiation processes of intracellular acquisition and intercellular transformation, and demonstrate the underlying regulatory system of somatic embryogenesis-associated lipid transfer protein (SELTP) and its interactor calmodulin1 (CAM1) in cotton as the pioneer crop for biotechnology application. The synergistic CAM1 and SELTP exhibit consistent dynamical amyloplast-plasmodesmata (PD) localization patterns but show opposite functional effects. CAM1 inhibits the effect of SELTP to regulate embryogenic differentiation for plant regeneration. It is noteworthy that callus grafting assay reflects intercellular trafficking of CAM1 through PD for embryogenic transformation. This work originally provides insight into the mechanisms responsible for embryogenic competence acquisition and transformation mediated by the Ca2+/CAM1-SELTP regulatory pathway, suggesting a principle for plant regeneration and cell/genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Haixia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xindi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jianfei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yupeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zhongyuan Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Fan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Guangyao Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Fanchang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
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14
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Lin F, Xiang L, Wu L, Liu Y, Jiang Q, Deng L, Cui W. Positioning regulation of organelle network via Chinese microneedle. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl3063. [PMID: 38640234 PMCID: PMC11029808 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The organelle network is a key factor in the repair and regeneration of lesion. However, effectively intervening in the organelle network which has complex interaction mechanisms is challenging. In this study, on the basis of electromagnetic laws, we constructed a biomaterial-based physical/chemical restraint device. This device was designed to jointly constrain electrical and biological factors in a conductive screw-threaded microneedle (ST-needle) system, identifying dual positioning regulation of the organelle network. The unique physical properties of this system could accurately locate the lesion and restrict the current path to the lesion cells through electromagnetic laws, and dynamic Van der Waals forces were activated to release functionalized hydrogel microspheres. Subsequently, the mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) complex was synergistically targeted by increasing mitochondrial ATP supply to the ER via electrical stimulation and by blocking calcium current from the ER to the mitochondria using microspheres, and then the life activity of the lesion cells was effectively restored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Longxi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yupu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Qinzhe Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
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15
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Fougère L, Mongrand S, Boutté Y. The function of sphingolipids in membrane trafficking and cell signaling in plants, in comparison with yeast and animal cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159463. [PMID: 38281556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are essential membrane components involved in a wide range of cellular, developmental and signaling processes. Sphingolipids are so essential that knock-out mutation often leads to lethality. In recent years, conditional or weak allele mutants as well as the broadening of the pharmacological catalog allowed to decipher sphingolipid function more precisely in a less invasive way. This review intends to provide a discussion and point of view on the function of sphingolipids with a main focus on endomembrane trafficking, Golgi-mediated protein sorting, cell polarity, cell-to-cell communication and cell signaling at the plasma membrane. While our main angle is the plant field research, we will constantly refer to and compare with the advances made in the yeast and animal field. In this review, we will emphasize the role of sphingolipids not only as a membrane component, but also as a key player at a center of homeostatic regulatory networks involving direct or indirect interaction with other lipids, proteins and ion fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Fougère
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 5200 CNRS, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sebastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 5200 CNRS, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yohann Boutté
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR 5200 CNRS, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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16
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Anggarani M, Lin YY, Fang SA, Wu HP, Wu CC, Jane WN, Roscoe TJ, Domergue F, Hsing YIC. Morphology and chemical composition of Taiwan oil millet (Eccoilopus formosanus) epicuticular wax. PLANTA 2024; 259:89. [PMID: 38467941 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Taiwan oil millet has two types of epicuticular wax: platelet wax composed primarily of octacosanol and filament wax constituted essentially by the singular compound of octacosanoic acid. Taiwan oil millet (TOM-Eccoilopus formosanus) is an orphan crop cultivated by the Taiwan indigenous people. It has conspicuous white powder covering its leaf sheath indicating abundant epicuticular waxes, that may contribute to its resilience. Here, we characterized the epicuticular wax secretion in TOM leaf blade and leaf sheath using various microscopy techniques, as well as gas chromatography to determine its composition. Two kinds of waxes, platelet and filaments, were secreted in both the leaf blades and sheaths. The platelet wax is secreted ubiquitously by epidermal cells, whereas the filament wax is secreted by a specific cell called epidermal cork cells. The newly developed filament waxes were markedly re-synthesized by the epidermal cork cells through papillae protrusions on the external periclinal cell wall. Ultrastructural images of cork cell revealed the presence of cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules along the periphery of plasma membrane (PM) and ER-PM contact sites (EPCS). The predominant wax component was a C28 primary alcohol in leaf blade, and a C28 free fatty acid in the leaf sheath, pseudopetiole and midrib. The wax morphology present in distinct plant organs corresponds to the specific chemical composition: platelet wax composed of alcohols exists mainly in the leaf blade, whereas filament wax constituted mainly by the singular compound C28 free fatty acids is present abundantly in leaf sheath. Our study clarifies the filament wax composition in relation to a previous study in sorghum. Both platelet and filament waxes comprise a protection barrier for TOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Anggarani
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Lin
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Shao-An Fang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Hshin-Ping Wu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chih Wu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Wann-Neng Jane
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Thomas James Roscoe
- Regulations Epigenetiques et Developpement de la Graine, ERL 5300 CNRS-IRD UMR DIADE, IRD Centre de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Frederic Domergue
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LBM, UMR 5200, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yue-Ie Caroline Hsing
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan.
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17
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Hall MR, Kunjumon TK, Ghosh PP, Currie L, Mathur J. Organelle Interactions in Plant Cells. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 73:43-69. [PMID: 39242374 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62036-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The sequestration of enzymes and associated processes into sub-cellular domains, called organelles, is considered a defining feature of eukaryotic cells. However, what leads to specific outcomes and allows a eukaryotic cell to function singularly is the interactivity and exchanges between discrete organelles. Our ability to observe and assess sub-cellular interactions in living plant cells has expanded greatly following the creation of fluorescent fusion proteins targeted to different organelles. Notably, organelle interactivity changes quickly in response to stress and reverts to a normal less interactive state as homeostasis is re-established. Using key observations of some of the organelles present in a plant cell, this chapter provides a brief overview of our present understanding of organelle interactions in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya-Renee Hall
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas Kadanthottu Kunjumon
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Puja Puspa Ghosh
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Currie
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jaideep Mathur
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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18
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Ung KL, Schulz L, Kleine-Vehn J, Pedersen BP, Hammes UZ. Auxin transport at the endoplasmic reticulum: roles and structural similarity of PIN-FORMED and PIN-LIKES. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6893-6903. [PMID: 37279330 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a crucial plant hormone that controls a multitude of developmental processes. The directional movement of auxin between cells is largely facilitated by canonical PIN-FORMED proteins in the plasma membrane. In contrast, non-canonical PIN-FORMED proteins and PIN-LIKES proteins appear to reside mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum. Despite recent progress in identifying the roles of the endoplasmic reticulum in cellular auxin responses, the transport dynamics of auxin at the endoplasmic reticulum are not well understood. PIN-LIKES are structurally related to PIN-FORMED proteins, and recently published structures of these transporters have provided new insights into PIN-FORMED proteins and PIN-LIKES function. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on PIN-FORMED proteins and PIN-LIKES in intracellular auxin transport. We discuss the physiological properties of the endoplasmic reticulum and the consequences for transport processes across the ER membrane. Finally, we highlight the emerging role of the endoplasmic reticulum in the dynamics of cellular auxin signalling and its impact on plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kien Lam Ung
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lukas Schulz
- Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Institute of Biology II, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Z Hammes
- Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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19
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Khoso MA, Zhang H, Khoso MH, Poudel TR, Wagan S, Papiashvili T, Saha S, Ali A, Murtaza G, Manghwar H, Liu F. Synergism of vesicle trafficking and cytoskeleton during regulation of plant growth and development: A mechanistic outlook. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21976. [PMID: 38034654 PMCID: PMC10682163 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a fundamental component found in all eukaryotic organisms, serving as a critical factor in various essential cyto-biological mechanisms, particularly in the locomotion and morphological transformations of plant cells. The cytoskeleton is comprised of three main components: microtubules (MT), microfilaments (MF), and intermediate filaments (IF). The cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in the process of cell wall formation and remodeling throughout the growth and development of cells. It is a highly organized and regulated network composed of filamentous components. In the basic processes of intracellular transport, such as mitosis, cytokinesis, and cell polarity, the plant cytoskeleton plays a crucial role according to recent studies. The major flaws in the organization of the cytoskeletal framework are at the root of the aberrant organogenesis currently observed in plant mutants. The regulation of protein compartmentalization and abundance within cells is predominantly governed by the process of vesicle/membrane transport, which plays a crucial role in several signaling cascades.The regulation of membrane transport in eukaryotic cells is governed by a diverse array of proteins. Recent developments in genomics have provided new tools to study the evolutionary relationships between membrane proteins in different plant species. It is known that members of the GTPases, COP, SNAREs, Rabs, tethering factors, and PIN families play essential roles in vesicle transport between plant, animal, and microbial species. This Review presents the latest research on the plant cytoskeleton, focusing on recent developments related to the cytoskeleton and summarizing the role of various proteins in vesicle transport. In addition, the report predicts future research direction of plant cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking, potential research priorities, and provides researchers with specific pointers to further investigate the significant link between cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer Ahmed Khoso
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Department of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Department of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mir Hassan Khoso
- Department of Biochemistry, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana, Pakistan
| | - Tika Ram Poudel
- Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sindho Wagan
- Laboratory of Pest Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Department of Forest Protection Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tamar Papiashvili
- School of Economics and Management Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sudipta Saha
- School of Forestry, Department of Silviculture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Abid Ali
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Department of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University China, China
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
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20
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Singh S, Hu X, Dixelius C. Dynamics of nucleic acid mobility. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad132. [PMID: 37491977 PMCID: PMC10471207 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatic analyses are accelerating the quantity and quality of data from all domains of life. This rich resource has the potential to reveal a number of important incidences with respect to possible exchange of nucleic acids. Ancient events have impacted species evolution and adaptation to new ecological niches. However, we still lack a full picture of processes ongoing within and between somatic cells, gametes, and different organisms. We propose that events linked to acceptance of alien nucleic acids grossly could be divided into 2 main routes in plants: one, when plants are exposed to extreme challenges and, the second level, a more everyday or season-related stress incited by biotic or abiotic factors. Here, many events seem to comprise somatic cells. Are the transport and acceptance processes of alien sequences random or are there specific regulatory systems not yet fully understood? Following entrance into a new cell, a number of intracellular processes leading to chromosomal integration and function are required. Modification of nucleic acids and possibly exchange of sequences within a cell may also occur. Such fine-tune events are most likely very common. There are multiple questions that we will discuss concerning different types of vesicles and their roles in nucleic acid transport and possible intracellular sequence exchange between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Singh
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnéan Center for Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, Uppsala, SE-75007, Sweden
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnéan Center for Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, Uppsala, SE-75007, Sweden
| | - Christina Dixelius
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Linnéan Center for Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, Uppsala, SE-75007, Sweden
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21
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Fletcher EM, Bateman BC, Botchway SW, Ward AD, Sparkes IA. Applying Optical Tweezers with TIRF Microscopy to Quantify Physical Interactions Between Organelles in the Plant Endomembrane System. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e854. [PMID: 37555795 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant organelles are associated with each other through tethering proteins at membrane contact sites (MCS). Methods such as total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) optical tweezers allow us to probe organelle interactions in live plant cells. Optical tweezers (focused infrared laser beams) can trap organelles that have a different refractive index to their surrounding medium (cytosol), whilst TIRF allows us to simultaneously image behaviors of organelles in the thin region of cortical cytoplasm. However, few MCS tethering proteins have so far been identified and tested in a quantitative manner. Automated routines (such as setting trapping laser power and controlling the stage speed and distance) mean we can quantify organelle interactions in a repeatable and reproducible manner. Here we outline a series of protocols which describe laser calibrations required to collect robust data sets, generation of fluorescent plant material (Nicotiana tabacum, tobacco), how to set up an automated organelle trapping routine, and how to quantify organelle interactions (particularly organelle interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum). TIRF-optical tweezers enable quantitative testing of putative tethering proteins to reveal their role in plant organelle associations at MCS. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Microscope system set-up and stability Basic Protocol 2: Generation of transiently expressed fluorescent tobacco tissue by Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration Basic Protocol 3: Setting up an automated organelle trapping routine Basic Protocol 4: Quantifying organelle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor M Fletcher
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Benji C Bateman
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Stanley W Botchway
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Ward
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Imogen A Sparkes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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