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Samare-Najaf M, Kouchaki H, Moein Mahini S, Saberi Rounkian M, Tavakoli Y, Samareh A, Karim Azadbakht M, Jamali N. Prostate cancer: Novel genetic and immunologic biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 555:117824. [PMID: 38316287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered one of the most prevalent male malignancies worldwide with a global burden estimated to increase over the next two decades. Due to significant mortality and debilitation of survival, early diagnosis has been described as key. Unfortunately, current diagnostic serum-based strategies have low specificity and sensitivity. Histologic examination is invasive and not useful for treatment and monitoring purposes. Hence, a plethora of studies have been conducted to identify and validate an efficient noninvasive approach in the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of PCa. These investigations may be categorized as genetic (non-coding biomarkers and gene markers), immunologic (immune cells, interleukins, cytokines, antibodies, and auto-antibodies), and heterogenous (PSA-related markers, PHI-related indices, and urinary biomarkers) subgroups. This review examines current approaches and potential strategies using biomarker panels in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samare-Najaf
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Kouchaki
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Moein Mahini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Saberi Rounkian
- Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Yasaman Tavakoli
- Department of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ali Samareh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Navid Jamali
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.
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2
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Wang L, Mao L, Xiao W, Chen P. Natural killer cells immunosenescence and the impact of lifestyle management. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 689:149216. [PMID: 37976836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer cells (NKs) are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that quickly respond to viruses, infections, and tumors during their short cell life cycle. However, it was recently found that NKs undergo quantitative, distributional, structural, and functional phenotypic changes during aging that suppress immune responses, which is known as immunosenescence. The aging host environment, cytokine regulation, cytomegalovirus status, and hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal axis have significant effects on NK function. Different lifestyle management interventions modulate the number and cytotoxic activity of NKs, which are essential for rebuilding the immune barrier against pathogens in elderly individuals. Based on recent studies, we review the phenotypic changes of and potential threats of NKs during aging and explore the underlying mechanisms. By summarizing the effects of lifestyle management on NKs and their application prospects, we aim to provide evidence for enhancing immune system function against immune diseases in elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Wang
- The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Liwei Mao
- The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Weihua Xiao
- The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Peijie Chen
- The Key Lab of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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3
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Zedan AH, Nederby L, Volmer LM, Madsen CV, Sørensen BE, Hansen TF. Natural killer cell activity in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients treated with enzalutamide. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17144. [PMID: 37816781 PMCID: PMC10564750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is still the lethal stage for the whole spectrum of prostate cancer disease. Even though different treatment options have been introduced in the last decade with a significant survival improvement for this population, a lack of more reliable prognostic and predictive markers is still one of the main clinical challenges in management of mCRPC. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between Natural Killer cell activity (NKA) and both treatment effect and outcomes in patients with mCRPC treated with enzalutamide. A total of 87 patients with mCRPC treated with enzalutamide as the first line treatment were enrolled. NKA was estimated at baseline and prior to each treatment cycle. Endpoints included both treatment effect with biochemical response (BR), biochemical progression (BP) and radiological progression (RP), as well as outcome data with overall survival (OS), radiologic progression free survival (rPFS), and time to next treatment (TTT). At the time of BR, interferon-gamma (IFNγ) decreased significantly compared to levels detected at baseline (z-score = 2.33, p = 0.019). Regarding outcome data, the whole cohort was divided into four groups according to the change of IFNγ level during the first 3 cycles of enzalutamide treatment. In group 1 (n = 42) the IFNγ level remained within a normal range (≥ 250 pg/mL),while in group 2 (n = 7) it increased from an abnormal (< 250 pg/mL) to a normal level. In group 3 (n = 13) it dropped to an abnormal level, and it remained at an abnormal level during treatment in group 4 (n = 17). Patients in group 2 showed the worst prognosis with shorter both rPFS and TTT (HR 4.30, p = 0.037; and HR 6.82, p = 0.011, respectively). In this study inverse correlations between NKA and both treatment response and outcomes was observed in mCRPC patients receiving enzalutamide, suggesting an unfavourable role of NK cells in the late stage of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Zedan
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark.
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - L Nederby
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - L M Volmer
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - C V Madsen
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - B E Sørensen
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - T F Hansen
- Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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4
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Dovey Z, Horowitz A, Waingankar N. The influence of lifestyle changes (diet, exercise and stress reduction) on prostate cancer tumour biology and patient outcomes: A systematic review. BJUI COMPASS 2023; 4:385-416. [PMID: 37334023 PMCID: PMC10268595 DOI: 10.1002/bco2.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The mostly indolent natural history of prostate cancer (PCa) provides an opportunity for men to explore the benefits of lifestyle interventions. Current evidence suggests appropriate changes in lifestyle including diet, physical activity (PA) and stress reduction with or without dietary supplements may improve both disease outcomes and patient's mental health. Objective This article aims to review the current evidence on the benefits of all lifestyle programmes for PCa patients including those aimed at reducing obesity and stress, explore their affect on tumour biology and highlight any biomarkers that have clinical utility. Evidence acquisition Evidence was obtained from PubMed and Web of Science using keywords for each section on the affects of lifestyle interventions on (a) mental health, (b) disease outcomes and (c) biomarkers in PCa patients. PRISMA guidelines were used to gather the evidence for these three sections (15, 44 and 16 publications, respectively). Evidence synthesis For lifestyle studies focused on mental health, 10/15 demonstrated a positive influence, although for those programmes focused on PA it was 7/8. Similarly for oncological outcomes, 26/44 studies demonstrated a positive influence, although when PA was included or the primary focus, it was 11/13. Complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory biomarkers show promise, as do inflammatory cytokines; however, a deeper understanding of their molecular biology in relation to PCa oncogenesis is required (16 studies reviewed). Conclusions Making PCa-specific recommendations on lifestyle interventions is difficult on the current evidence. Nevertheless, notwithstanding the heterogeneity of patient populations and interventions, the evidence that dietary changes and PA may improve both mental health and oncological outcomes is compelling, especially for moderate to vigorous PA. The results for dietary supplements are inconsistent, and although some biomarkers show promise, significantly more research is required before they have clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Dovey
- Mount Sinai Health System, Department of UrologyIcahn Medical SchoolNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Amir Horowitz
- Icahn School of MedicineThe Mount Sinai HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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5
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Sellami M, Puce L, Bragazzi NL. Immunological Response to Exercise in Athletes with Disabilities: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1692. [PMID: 37372810 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For a person with a disability, participating in sports activities and/or competitions can be a challenge for the immune system. The relationship between exercise and immunity response in disabled athletes is, indeed, extremely complex for several reasons, including (1) the chronic low-grade inflammatory and immunodepression-"secondary immune deficiency"-state imposed by the disability/impairment; (2) the impact of the disability on an array of variables, spanning from physical fitness to well-being, quality of life, sleep, and nutritional aspects, among others, which are known to mediate/modulate the effects of exercise on human health; (3) the variability of the parameters related to the exercise/physical activity (modality, frequency, intensity, duration, training versus competition, etc.); and (4) the intra- and inter-individual variability of the immunological response to exercise. In able-bodied athletes, previously published data described several exercise-induced changes affecting various immunological subsets and subpopulations, ranging from neutrophils to lymphocytes, and monocytes. Broadly, moderate intensity workout is accompanied by optimal immunity and resistance to infections such as upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in athletes. Periods of intense training with insufficient recovery can cause a temporary state of immunosuppression, which should end with a few days of rest/recovery from exercise. Disabled athletes are relatively overlooked and understudied with respect to their able-bodied counterparts. Findings from the few studies available on paralympic and disabled athletes are here summarized and analyzed utilizing a narrative approach to review and determine the major features of the immunological and inflammatory responses to exercise in this specific population. Moreover, a few studies have reported behavioral, dietary, and training strategies that can be adopted to limit exercise-induced immunosuppression and reduce the risk of infection in people with disabilities. However, given the paucity of data and contrasting findings, future high-quality investigations on paralympic and disabled athletes are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sellami
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Luca Puce
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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6
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Stampley JE, Cho E, Wang H, Theall B, Johannsen NM, Spielmann G, Irving BA. Impact of maximal exercise on immune cell mobilization and bioenergetics. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15753. [PMID: 37312242 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute aerobic exercise increases the number and proportions of circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBC) and can alter PBMC mitochondrial bioenergetics. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of a maximal exercise bout on immune cell metabolism in collegiate swimmers. Eleven (7 M/4F) collegiate swimmers completed a maximal exercise test to measure anaerobic power and capacity. Pre- and postexercise PBMCs were isolated to measure the immune cell phenotypes and mitochondrial bioenergetics using flow cytometry and high-resolution respirometry. The maximal exercise bout increased circulating levels of PBMCs, particularly in central memory (KLRG1+/CD57-) and senescent (KLRG1+/CD57+) CD8+ T cells, whether measured as a % of PMBCs or as absolute concentrations (all p < 0.05). At the cellularlevel, the routine oxygen flow (IO2 [pmol·s-1 ·106 PBMCs-1 ]) increased following maximal exercise (p = 0.042); however, there were no effects of exercise on the IO2 measured under the LEAK, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), or electron transfer (ET) capacities. There were exercise-induced increases in the tissue-level oxygen flow (IO2-tissue [pmol·s-1 ·mL blood-1 ]) for all respiratory states (all p < 0.01), except for the LEAK state, after accounting for the mobilization of PBMCs. Future subtype-specific studies are needed to characterize further maximal exercise's true impact on immune cell bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Stampley
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eunhan Cho
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Haoyan Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Bailey Theall
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Neil M Johannsen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Guillaume Spielmann
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Brian A Irving
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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7
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Hanson ED, Sakkal S, Bates-Fraser LC, Que S, Cho E, Spielmann G, Kadife E, Violet JA, Battaglini CL, Stoner L, Bartlett DB, McConell GK, Hayes A. Acute exercise induces distinct quantitative and phenotypical T cell profiles in men with prostate cancer. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1173377. [PMID: 37325799 PMCID: PMC10266416 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1173377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced testosterone levels can influence immune system function, particularly T cells. Exercise during cancer reduces treatment-related side effects and provide a stimulus to mobilize and redistribute immune cells. However, it is unclear how conventional and unconventional T cells (UTC) respond to acute exercise in prostate cancer survivors compared to healthy controls. Methods Age-matched prostate cancer survivors on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and those without ADT (PCa) along with non-cancer controls (CON) completed ∼45 min of intermittent cycling with 3 min at 60% of peak power interspersed by 1.5 min of rest. Fresh, unstimulated immune cell populations and intracellular perforin were assessed before (baseline), immediately following (0 h), 2 h, and 24 h post-exercise. Results At 0 h, conventional T cell counts increased by 45%-64% with no differences between groups. T cell frequency decreased by -3.5% for CD3+ and -4.5% for CD4+ cells relative to base at 0 h with CD8+ cells experiencing a delayed decrease of -4.5% at 2 h with no group differences. Compared to CON, the frequency of CD8+CD57+ cells was -18.1% lower in ADT. Despite a potential decrease in maturity, ADT increased CD8+perforin+ GMFI. CD3+Vα7.2+CD161+ counts, but not frequencies, increased by 69% post-exercise while CD3+CD56+ cell counts increased by 127% and were preferentially mobilized (+1.7%) immediately following the acute cycling bout. There were no UTC group differences. Cell counts and frequencies returned to baseline by 24 h. Conclusion Following acute exercise, prostate cancer survivors demonstrate normal T cell and UTC responses that were comparable to CON. Independent of exercise, ADT is associated with lower CD8+ cell maturity (CD57) and perforin frequency that suggests a less mature phenotype. However, higher perforin GMFI may attenuate these changes, with the functional implications of this yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik D. Hanson
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samy Sakkal
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren C. Bates-Fraser
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Shadney Que
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eunhan Cho
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Guillaume Spielmann
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Elif Kadife
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John A. Violet
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Claudio L. Battaglini
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - David B. Bartlett
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Glenn K. McConell
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine—Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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8
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Liao N, Li C, Cao L, Chen Y, Ren C, Chen X, Mok H, Wen L, Li K, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Lv J, Cao F, Luo Y, Li H, Wu W, Balch CM, Giuliano AE. Single-cell profile of tumor and immune cells in primary breast cancer, sentinel lymph node, and metastatic lymph node. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:77-87. [PMID: 36129636 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the host-tumor interaction in the lymph-node basin at a single cell level. This study examines single cell sequences in breast cancer nodal metastases of a patient with triple-negative breast cancer. METHODS The primary breast tumor, sentinel lymph node, an adjacent lymph node with metastatic involvement and a clinically normal-appearing lymph node were collected during surgery. Single-cell sequencing was performed on all four specimens. RESULTS 14,016 cells were clustered into 6 cell subpopulations. Cancer cells demonstrated the molecular characteristics of TNBC basal B subtype and highly expressed genes in the MAPK signaling cascade. Tumor-associated macrophages regulated antigen processing and presentation and other immune-related pathways to promote tumor invasion. CD8 + and CD4 + T lymphocytes concentrated more in sentinel lymph node and mainly stratified into two transcriptional states. The immune-cell amount variation among primary tumor, sentinel and normal lymph nodes showed a similar tendency between the sc-RNA-seq profile of TNBC samples and a previous reported bulk RNA-seq profile of a breast cancer cohort, including all four breast cancer subtype samples. DISCUSSION Single-cell sequencing analysis suggested that the sentinel lymph node was the initial meeting site of tumor infiltration and immune response, where partial T lymphocytes perform anti-tumor activity, while other T cells exhibit an exhausted state. We proposed a molecular explanation to the well-established clinical principle that the 5-year and 10-year survival outcomes were noninferior between SLND and ALND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Cheukfai Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li Cao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Berry Oncology Corporation, No.2 Road Donghu, Fuzhou, 350200, China
| | - Chongyang Ren
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Foshan Maternity and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Hsiaopei Mok
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lingzhu Wen
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Kai Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yingzi Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiaoyi Lv
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fangrong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hongrui Li
- Berry Oncology Corporation, No.2 Road Donghu, Fuzhou, 350200, China
| | - Wendy Wu
- Berry Oncology Corporation, No.2 Road Donghu, Fuzhou, 350200, China.
| | - Charles M Balch
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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9
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Jongerius C, Vermeulen L, van Egmond M, Evers AWM, Buffart LM, Lenos KJ. Behavioral factors to modulate immunotherapy efficacy in cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1066359. [PMID: 36591246 PMCID: PMC9800824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1066359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapies, are used to (re)activate the immune system to treat cancer. Despite promising results, a large group of patients does not respond to checkpoint inhibition. In the vulnerability-stress model of behavioral medicine, behavioral factors, such as stress, exercise and classical pharmacological conditioning, predict cancer incidence, recurrence and the efficacy of conventional cancer treatments. Given the important role of the immune system in these processes, certain behavior may be promising to complement immune checkpoint inhibition therapy. Here, we discuss the preliminary evidence and suitability of three behavioral mechanisms, i.e. stress modulation, exercise and classical pharmacological conditioning for the benefit of immunotherapy. It is crucial to study the potential beneficial effects of behavioral strategies that support immunotherapeutic anti-tumor effects with rigorous experimental evidence, to exploit behavioral mechanisms in improving checkpoint inhibition efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Jongerius
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: C. Jongerius,
| | - L. Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M. van Egmond
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A. W. M. Evers
- Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - L. M. Buffart
- Department of Physiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - K. J. Lenos
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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10
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Schauer T, Djurhuus SS, Simonsen C, Brasso K, Christensen JF. The effects of acute exercise and inflammation on immune function in early-stage prostate cancer. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 25:100508. [PMID: 36133956 PMCID: PMC9483738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients and methods Results Conclusions Clinical trial number Exercise mobilizes NK, CD8 T and NKT-like cells in patients with prostate cancer. Immune cells exhibit mature and cytotoxic phenotype during high-intensity exercise. NK cytotoxic activity against K562 and LNCaP but not PC3 increases with exercise. Markers of inflammation inversely correlate with exercise-enhanced immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schauer
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Corresponding author. Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Casper Simonsen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Frank Christensen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Exercise and Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Handford J, Chen M, Rai R, Moss CL, Enting D, Peat N, Karagiannis SN, Van Hemelrijck M, Russell B. Is There a Role for Exercise When Treating Patients with Cancer with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors? A Scoping Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205039. [PMID: 36291823 PMCID: PMC9599872 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of using exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is not well known. Our objective was to determine the extent of, and identify gaps within, available literature addressing the effect of exercise on (a) oncological outcomes and (b) quality of life (QoL) in patients with cancer receiving ICIs, and (c) the underlying biological mechanisms for such effects. We conducted searches across EMBASE, APA PsycInfo and Ovid MEDLINE(R). Studies were eligible if they addressed at least one aspect of the objective and were available in the English language. Results were synthesised using a narrative approach and subsequently discussed with multidisciplinary stakeholders. As of the final search on 5 April 2022, 11 eligible studies were identified, of which 8 were preclinical and 3 were clinical. Clinical studies only focused on QoL-related outcomes. When studies were grouped by whether they addressed oncological outcomes (n = 7), QoL (n = 5) or biological mechanisms (n = 7), they were found to be heterogeneous in methodology and findings. Additional evidence, particularly in the clinical setting, is required before robust recommendations about whether, and how, to include exercise alongside ICI treatment can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Handford
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Miaoqi Chen
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ridesh Rai
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Charlotte L. Moss
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Deborah Enting
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Nicola Peat
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Sophia N. Karagiannis
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Beth Russell
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
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12
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Djurhuus SS, Schauer T, Simonsen C, Toft BG, Jensen ARD, Erler JT, Røder MA, Hojman P, Brasso K, Christensen JF. Effects of acute exercise training on tumor outcomes in men with localized prostate cancer: A randomized controlled trial. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15408. [PMID: 36199257 PMCID: PMC9535256 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Postdiagnosis physical activity is associated with improved cancer outcomes, but biological mechanisms mediating anticancer effects remain unclear. Recent findings suggest that physiological adaptations to acute exercise comprise potential anticancer effects, but these remain poorly explored in clinical settings. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of a single exercise bout on tumor oxygenation and immune cell infiltration in patients with prostate cancer. Thirty patients with localized prostate cancer were randomized (2:1) to either one high-intensity interval training bout or no exercise on the day before radical prostatectomy. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on prostatic tissue from surgery and assessed for tumor hypoxia, natural killer (NK) cell infiltration, and microvessel density (MVD). Acute systemic response in blood lymphocytes, epinephrine, norepinephrine, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor, cortisol, lactate, and glucose was also evaluated. We did not find between-group differences in tumor hypoxia (Mann-Whitney U test, U = 83.5, p = 0.604) or NK cell infiltration (U = 77.0, p = 0.328). Also, no significant correlation was found between MVD and tumor hypoxia or NK cell infiltration. One exercise bout is likely insufficient to modulate tumor hypoxia or NK cell infiltration. Future studies may elucidate if an accumulation of several exercise bouts can impact these outcomes (NCT03675529, www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Schauer
- Centre for Physical Activity ResearchCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Casper Simonsen
- Centre for Physical Activity ResearchCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Birgitte Grønkær Toft
- Department of PathologyCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Janine Terra Erler
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC)University of Copenhagen (UCPH)CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Martin Andreas Røder
- Department of UrologyCopenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Copenhagen University Hospital –RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Pernille Hojman
- Centre for Physical Activity ResearchCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Department of UrologyCopenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Copenhagen University Hospital –RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jesper Frank Christensen
- Centre for Physical Activity ResearchCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
- The Department of Sports Science and Clinical BiomechanicsFaculty of Health Sciences at the University of Southern DenmarkDenmark
- Digestive Disease CenterBispebjerg HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
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13
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Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Opportunities for Treatment and Prevention. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061367. [PMID: 35326519 PMCID: PMC8946208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a major cause of disease for men globally. Inflammation, an established hallmark of cancer, is frequently observed in the prostate, though its contribution to prostate cancer risks and outcomes is not fully understood. Prostate cancer is biologically and clinically heterogeneous, and there is now evidence that inflammation and immunological characteristics vary by the genomic and mutational landscape of the tumor. Moreover, it is now recognized that risk factor profiles vary between tumor subgroups, as defined by histopathological and molecular features. Here, we provide a review centered around the relationship between inflammation and prostate cancer, with a consideration of molecular tumor features and a particular focus on the advanced and lethal stages of disease. We summarize findings from epidemiological studies of the etiology and role of inflammation in prostate cancer. We discuss the pathology of prostate inflammation, and consider approaches for assessing the tumor immune microenvironment in epidemiological studies. We review emerging clinical therapies targeting immune biology within the context of prostate cancer. Finally, we consider potentially modifiable risk factors and corresponding lifestyle interventions that may affect prostate inflammation, impacting outcomes. These emerging insights will provide some hints for the development of treatment and prevention strategies for advanced and lethal prostate cancer.
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14
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Valenzuela PL, Saco-Ledo G, Santos-Lozano A, Morales JS, Castillo-García A, Simpson RJ, Lucia A, Fiuza-Luces C. Exercise Training and Natural Killer Cells in Cancer Survivors: Current Evidence and Research Gaps Based on a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:36. [PMID: 35244811 PMCID: PMC8897541 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Exercise training can positively impact the immune system and particularly natural killer (NK) cells, at least in healthy people. This effect would be of relevance in the context of cancer given the prominent role of these cells in antitumor immunity. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to summarize current evidence on the effects of exercise training on the levels and function of NK cells in cancer survivors (i.e., from the time of diagnosis until the end of life). Methods Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (until January 11, 2022). Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of exercise training (i.e., non-acute) interventions vs usual care conducted in cancer survivors and assessing NK number and/or cytotoxic activity (NKCA) before and upon completion of the intervention were included. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed with the PEDro scale, and results were meta-analyzed using a random effects (Dersimoian and Laird) model. Results Thirteen RCT including 459 participants (mean age ranging 11–63 years) met the inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of the studies was overall fair (median PEDro score = 5 out of 10). There was heterogeneity across studies regarding cancer types (breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and other solid tumors), treatment (e.g., receiving vs having received chemotherapy), exercise modes (aerobic or resistance exercise, Tai Chi, Yoga) and duration (2–24 weeks). No consistent effects were observed for NK number in blood (mean difference [MD]: 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.35 to 3.29, p = 0.113) or NKCA as assessed in vitro (MD: − 0.02, 95%CI − 0.17 to 0.14, p = 0.834). However, mixed results existed across studies, and some could not be meta-analyzed due to lack of information or methodological heterogeneity. Conclusions Current evidence does not support a significant effect of exercise training intervention on NK cells in blood or on their ‘static response’ (as assessed in vitro) in cancer survivors. Several methodological issues and research gaps are highlighted in this review, which should be considered in future studies to draw definite conclusions on this topic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-022-00419-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Valenzuela
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Centro de Actividades Ambulatorias (CAA), 7ª Planta, Bloque D, Av. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Saco-Ledo
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Centro de Actividades Ambulatorias (CAA), 7ª Planta, Bloque D, Av. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Centro de Actividades Ambulatorias (CAA), 7ª Planta, Bloque D, Av. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.,I+HeALTH, Department of Health Sciences, European University Miguel de Cervantes, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier S Morales
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Richard J Simpson
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Centro de Actividades Ambulatorias (CAA), 7ª Planta, Bloque D, Av. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Centro de Actividades Ambulatorias (CAA), 7ª Planta, Bloque D, Av. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Bartlett DB, Hanson ED, Lee JT, Wagoner CW, Harrell EP, Sullivan SA, Bates LC, Alzer MS, Amatuli DJ, Deal AM, Jensen BC, MacDonald G, Deal MA, Muss HB, Nyrop KA, Battaglini CL. The Effects of 16 Weeks of Exercise Training on Neutrophil Functions in Breast Cancer Survivors. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733101. [PMID: 34777343 PMCID: PMC8578958 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Following therapy, breast cancer survivors (BCS) have an increased risk of infections because of age and cancer dysregulation of inflammation and neutrophil functions. Neutrophil functions may be improved by exercise training, although limited data exist on exercise and neutrophil functions in BCS.Sixteen BCS [mean age: 56 (SD 11) years old] completed 16 weeks of community-based exercise training and a 45-minute acute bout of cycling before (Base) and after (Final) the exercise training program. Exercise training consisted of 3 x 40 – 60 minute mixed mode aerobic exercises, comprising 10 – 30 minutes aerobic and 30 minutes resistance training. At Base and Final, we took BCS blood samples before (PRE), immediately after (POST), and 1 hour after (1Hr) acute exercise to determine neutrophil counts, phenotype, bacterial killing, IL-6, and IL-8 levels. Eleven healthy, age- and physical activity levels-matched women (Control) completed the acute bout of exercise once as a healthy response reference. Resting Responses. BCS and Controls had similar Base PRE absolute neutrophil counts [mean (SD): 3.3 (1.9) v 3.1 (1.2) x 109/L, p=0.801], but BCS had lower bacterial phagocytosis [3991 (1233) v 4881 (417) MFI, p=0.035] and higher oxidative killing [6254 (1434) v 4709 (1220) MFI, p=0.005], lower CD16 [4159 (1785) v 7018 (1240) MFI, p<0.001], lower CXCR2 [4878 (1796) v 6330 (1299) MFI, p=0.032] and higher TLR2 [98 (32) v 72 (17) MFI, p=0.022] expression, while IL-6 [7.4 (5.4) v 4.0 (2.7) pg/mL, p=0.079] levels were marginally higher and IL-8 [6.0 (4.7) v 7.9 (5.0) pg/mL, p=0.316] levels similar. After 16 weeks of training, compared to Controls, BCS Final PRE phagocytosis [4510 (738) v 4881 (417) MFI, p=0.146] and TLR2 expression [114 (92) v 72 (17) MFI, p=0.148] were no longer different. Acute Exercise Responses. As compared to Controls, at Base, BCS phagocytic Pre-Post response was lower [mean difference, % (SD): 12% (26%), p=0.042], CD16 Pre-Post response was lower [12% (21%), p=0.016] while CD16 Pre-1Hr response was higher [13% (25%), p=0.022], TLR2 Pre-Post response was higher [15% (4%) p=0.002], while IL-8 Pre-Post response was higher [99% (48%), p=0.049]. As compared to Controls, following 16 weeks of training BCS phagocytic Pre-Post response [5% (5%), p=0.418], CD16 Pre-1Hr response [7% (7%), p=0.294], TLR2 Pre-Post response [6% (4%), p=0.092], and IL-8 Pre-Post response [1% (9%), p=0.087] were no longer different. Following cancer therapy, BCS may have impaired neutrophil functions in response to an acute bout of exercise that are partially restored by 16 weeks of exercise training. The improved phagocytosis of bacteria in BCS may represent an exercise-induced intrinsic improvement in neutrophil functions consistent with a reduced risk of infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Bartlett
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Erik D Hanson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jordan T Lee
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Chad W Wagoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth P Harrell
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Stephanie A Sullivan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lauren C Bates
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mohamdod S Alzer
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Dean J Amatuli
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Allison M Deal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Brian C Jensen
- Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Grace MacDonald
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Michael A Deal
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Hyman B Muss
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kirsten A Nyrop
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Claudio L Battaglini
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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16
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Khosravi N, Hanson ED, Farajivafa V, Evans WS, Lee JT, Danson E, Wagoner CW, Harrell EP, Sullivan SA, Nyrop KA, Muss HB, Bartlett DB, Jensen BC, Haghighat S, Shamsi MM, Battaglini CL. Exercise-induced modulation of monocytes in breast cancer survivors. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 14:100216. [PMID: 34589753 PMCID: PMC8474256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise training reduces inflammation in breast cancer survivors; however, the mechanism is not fully understood. Objectives The effects of acute and chronic exercise on monocyte toll-like receptor (TLR2 and 4) expression and intracellular cytokine production were examined in sedentary breast cancer survivors. Methods Eleven women with stage I, II, or III breast cancer within one year of treatment completion performed an acute, intermittent aerobic exercise trial. Blood samples were obtained before, immediately, and 1 h after a 45-min acute exercise trial that was performed before and after 16 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance. LPS-stimulated intracellular IL-1ß, TNF, and IL-6 production, and TLR2 and TLR4 expression were evaluated in CD14+CD16- and CD14+CD16+ monocytes using flow cytometry. Results Exercise training decreased IL-1ß+CD14+CD16- proportion (24.6%, p=0.016), IL-1ß+CD14+CD16- mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) (-9989, p=0.014), IL-1ß+CD14+CD16+ MFI (-11101, p=0.02), and IL-6+CD14+CD16- proportion (16.9%, P=0.04). TLR2 and TLR4 expression did not change following exercise training but decreased 1 h after acute exercise in CD14+CD16- (-63, p=0.002) and CD14+CD16+ (-18, p=0.006) monocytes, respectively. Immediately after the acute exercise, both monocyte subgroup cell concentration increased, with CD14+CD16+ concentrations being decreased at 1 h post without changes in intracellular cytokine production. Conclusions Exercise training reduced monocyte intracellular pro-inflammatory cytokine production, especially IL-1ß, although these markers did not change acutely. While acute exercise downregulated the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on monocytes, this was not sustained over the course of training. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training in breast cancer survivors may be, in part, due to reducing resting monocyte pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Khosravi
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Physical Education & Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erik D Hanson
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Vahid Farajivafa
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Physical Education & Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - William S Evans
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jordan T Lee
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eli Danson
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chad W Wagoner
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Harrell
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie A Sullivan
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kirsten A Nyrop
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Hematology Oncology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hyman B Muss
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Hematology Oncology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Brian C Jensen
- Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shahpar Haghighat
- Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi
- Physical Education & Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Claudio L Battaglini
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Exercise Oncology Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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17
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Hanson ED, Stopforth CK, Alzer M, Carver J, Lucas AR, Whang YE, Milowsky MI, Bartlett DB, Harrison MR, Hayes A, Bitting RL, Deal AM, Hackney AC, Battaglini CL. Body composition, physical function and quality of life in healthy men and across different stages of prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2021; 24:725-732. [PMID: 33495569 PMCID: PMC8310529 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-020-00317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PC) has detrimental effects on physical function and quality of life (QoL), but the addition of androgen receptor signalling inhibitors (ARSI) on these outcomes is unclear. PURPOSE To compare body composition, physical function, and QoL across progressive stages of PC and non-cancer controls (CON). METHODS In men with hormone sensitive PC (HSPC, n = 43) or metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC, n = 22) or CON (n = 37), relative and absolute lean and fat mass, physical function (6 m walk, chair stands, timed up and go [TUG], stair climb), and QoL were determined. RESULTS Relative body composition differed amongst all groups, along with ~39% greater absolute fat mass in mCRPC vs. CON. TUG and chair stands were ~71% and ~33% slower in mCRPC compared to both CON and HSPC, whereas stair climb was ~29% and 6 m walk was ~18% slower in mCRPC vs. CON. Relative body composition was correlated with physical function (r = 0.259-0.385). Clinically relevant differences for mCRPC were observed for overall QoL and several subscales vs. CON, although body composition and physical function did not influence QoL. CONCLUSIONS PC progression is associated with deteriorations in body composition and physical function. As ADT length was similar between groups, ARSI use for mCRPC likely contributed in part to these changes. Given the difficulties of improving lean mass during ADT, interventions that reduce adiposity may lessen the side effects of hormone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik D. Hanson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Cameron K. Stopforth
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Mohamdod Alzer
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jackson Carver
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Alexander R. Lucas
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Young E. Whang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew I. Milowsky
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - David B. Bartlett
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael R. Harrison
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alan Hayes
- Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | | | - Allison M. Deal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Anthony C. Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Claudio L. Battaglini
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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18
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Cho E, Theall B, Stampley J, Granger J, Johannsen NM, Irving BA, Spielmann G. Cytomegalovirus Infection Impairs the Mobilization of Tissue-Resident Innate Lymphoid Cells into the Peripheral Blood Compartment in Response to Acute Exercise. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081535. [PMID: 34452400 PMCID: PMC8402764 DOI: 10.3390/v13081535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating immune cell numbers and phenotypes are impacted by high-intensity acute bouts of exercise and infection history with the latent herpesviruses cytomegalovirus (CMV). In particular, CMV infection history impairs the exercise-induced mobilization of cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells 1 (ILC1) cells, also known as NK cells, in the blood. However, it remains unknown whether exercise and CMV infection modulate the mobilization of traditionally tissue-resident non-cytotoxic ILCs into the peripheral blood compartment. To address this question, 22 healthy individuals with or without CMV (20–35 years—45% CMVpos) completed 30 min of cycling at 70% VO2 max, and detailed phenotypic analysis of circulating ILCs was performed at rest and immediately post-exercise. We show for the first time that a bout of high-intensity exercise is associated with an influx of ILCs that are traditionally regarded as tissue-resident. In addition, this is the first study to highlight that latent CMV infection blunts the exercise-response of total ILCs and progenitor ILCs (ILCPs). These promising data suggest that acute exercise facilitates the circulation of certain ILC subsets, further advocating for the improvements in health seen with exercise by enhancing cellular mobilization and immunosurveillance, while also highlighting the indirect deleterious effects of CMV infection in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhan Cho
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (E.C.); (B.T.); (J.S.); (J.G.); (N.M.J.); (B.A.I.)
| | - Bailey Theall
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (E.C.); (B.T.); (J.S.); (J.G.); (N.M.J.); (B.A.I.)
| | - James Stampley
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (E.C.); (B.T.); (J.S.); (J.G.); (N.M.J.); (B.A.I.)
| | - Joshua Granger
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (E.C.); (B.T.); (J.S.); (J.G.); (N.M.J.); (B.A.I.)
| | - Neil M. Johannsen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (E.C.); (B.T.); (J.S.); (J.G.); (N.M.J.); (B.A.I.)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Brian A. Irving
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (E.C.); (B.T.); (J.S.); (J.G.); (N.M.J.); (B.A.I.)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Guillaume Spielmann
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (E.C.); (B.T.); (J.S.); (J.G.); (N.M.J.); (B.A.I.)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
- Correspondence:
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19
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Hanson ED, Bates LC, Harrell EP, Bartlett DB, Lee JT, Wagoner CW, Alzer MS, Amatuli DJ, Jensen BC, Deal AM, Muss HB, Nyrop KA, Battaglini CL. Exercise training partially rescues impaired mucosal associated invariant t-cell mobilization in breast cancer survivors compared to healthy older women. Exp Gerontol 2021; 152:111454. [PMID: 34146655 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercise may attenuate immunosenescence with aging that appears to be accelerated following breast cancer treatment, although limited data on specific cell types exists and acute and chronic exercise have been investigated independently in older adults. PURPOSE To determine the mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cell response to acute exercise before (PRE) and after (POST) 16 weeks of exercise training in breast cancer survivors (BCS) and healthy older women (CON). METHODS Age-matched BCS and CON performed 45 min of intermittent cycling at 60% peak power output wattage. Blood samples were obtained at rest, immediately (0 h) and 1 h after exercise to determine MAIT cell counts, frequency, and intracellular cytokine expression. RESULTS At PRE, MAIT cell counts were greater in CON (137%) than BCS at 0 h (46%, p < 0.001), with increased MAIT cell frequency in CON but not BCS. TNFα+ and IFNγ+ MAIT cell counts increased at 0 h by ~120% in CON (p < 0.001), while BCS counts and frequencies were unchanged. Similar deficits were observed in CD3+ and CD3+ CD8+ cells. At POST, exercise-induced mobilization and egress of MAIT cell counts and frequency showed trends towards improvement in BCS that approached levels in CON. Independent of group, TNFα frequency trended to improve (p = 0.053). CONCLUSIONS MAIT mobilization in older BCS following acute exercise was attenuated; however, exercise training may partially rescue these initial deficits, including greater sensitivity to mitogenic stimulation. Using acute exercise before and after interventions provides a unique approach to identify age- and cancer-related immuno-dysfunction that is less apparent at rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik D Hanson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
| | - Lauren C Bates
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth P Harrell
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - David B Bartlett
- Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jordan T Lee
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Chad W Wagoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Mohamdod S Alzer
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Dean J Amatuli
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Brian C Jensen
- Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Allison M Deal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Hyman B Muss
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Hematology Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Kirsten A Nyrop
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Hematology Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Claudio L Battaglini
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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20
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Natural Killer Cell Mobilization in Breast and Prostate Cancer Survivors: The Implications of Altered Stress Hormones Following Acute Exercise. ENDOCRINES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines2020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells from the innate immune system are integral to overall immunity and also in managing the tumor burden during cancer. Breast (BCa) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the most common tumors in U.S. adults. Both BCa and PCa are frequently treated with hormone suppression therapies that are associated with numerous adverse effects including direct effects on the immune system. Regular exercise is recommended for cancer survivors to reduce side effects and improve quality of life. Acute exercise is a potent stimulus for NK cells in healthy individuals with current evidence indicating that NK mobilization in individuals with BCa and PCa is comparable. NK cell mobilization results from elevations in shear stress and catecholamine levels. Despite a normal NK cell response to exercise, increases in epinephrine are attenuated in BCa and PCa. The significance of this potential discrepancy still needs to be determined. However, alterations in adrenal hormone signaling are hypothesized to be due to chronic stress during cancer treatment. Additional compensatory factors induced by exercise are reviewed along with recommendations on standardized approaches to be used in exercise immunology studies involving oncology populations.
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