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Sanabria-Castro A, Alape-Girón A, Flores-Díaz M, Echeverri-McCandless A, Parajeles-Vindas A. Oxidative stress involvement in the molecular pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis: a literature review. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:355-371. [PMID: 38163257 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune debilitating disease of the central nervous system caused by a mosaic of interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The pathological hallmarks of MS are chronic inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Oxidative stress, a state of imbalance between the production of reactive species and antioxidant defense mechanisms, is considered one of the key contributors in the pathophysiology of MS. This review is a comprehensive overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which oxidant species contribute to the initiation and progression of MS including mitochondrial dysfunction, disruption of various signaling pathways, and autoimmune response activation. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress on neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes, as well as the role of oxidants in promoting and perpetuating inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage, are discussed. Finally, this review also points out the therapeutic potential of various synthetic antioxidants that must be evaluated in clinical trials in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Sanabria-Castro
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Departamento de Farmacología, Toxicología y Farmacodependencia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501, Costa Rica
| | - Alberto Alape-Girón
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Marietta Flores-Díaz
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Ann Echeverri-McCandless
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
| | - Alexander Parajeles-Vindas
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, San José, 10104, Costa Rica
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2
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Herrald AL, Ambrogi EK, Mirica KA. Electrochemical Detection of Gasotransmitters: Status and Roadmap. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 38593007 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), are a class of gaseous, endogenous signaling molecules that interact with one another in the regulation of critical cardiovascular, immune, and neurological processes. The development of analytical sensing mechanisms for gasotransmitters, especially multianalyte mechanisms, holds vast importance and constitutes a growing area of study. This review provides an overview of electrochemical sensing mechanisms with an emphasis on opportunities in multianalyte sensing. Electrochemical methods demonstrate good sensitivity, adequate selectivity, and the most well-developed potential for the multianalyte detection of gasotransmitters. Future research will likely address challenges with sensor stability and biocompatibility (i.e., sensor lifetime and cytotoxicity), sensor miniaturization, and multianalyte detection in biological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey L Herrald
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Emma K Ambrogi
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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3
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Zandvakili A, Shiraseb F, Hosseininasab D, Aali Y, Santos RD, Mirzaei K. The association between consumption of red and processed meats with metabolic syndrome and its components in obese and overweight women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:93. [PMID: 38321426 PMCID: PMC10845626 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02862-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown a relation between the consumption of different types of meats and chronic disorders. This study aims to investigate the association between red and processed meat intake with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in healthy obese and overweight women. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on Iranian women. The dietary assessment and body composition were measured by a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. Blood samples were collected by standard protocols. RESULTS A total of 231 women (mean age 36.47 ± 8.44 years) were included in the current study. After controlling for potential confounders, there was a marginally significant associations between higher intake of processed meat with the MetS (OR:1.01, 95% CI: 0.94,2.94, P:0.06) and high serum triglycerides (TG) (OR:1.27, 95% CI: 0.94,2.98, P:0.07). There was a significant associations between high intake of red meats with lower odds of higher waist circumference (WC) (OR:0.31, 95% CI: 0.10,0.97, P:0.04). Also, there was a significant associations were found between high intake of processed meats with greater odds of having lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (OR:0.64, 95% CI: 0.30,0.95, P:0.03). CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that higher intakes of processed meat may be associated with the MetS in Iranian women with excess body weight, while this was not the case for red meat. More studies however are necessary in different communities to draw definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atousa Zandvakili
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health and nutrition, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Dorsa Hosseininasab
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Aali
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Raul D Santos
- Heart Institute (InCor) University of Sao Paulo, Medical School Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Wang X, Chen L, Chang L, He Y, He T, Wang R, Wei S, Jing M, Zhou X, Li H, Zhao Y. Mechanism of Wuzhuyu decoction on alcohol-induced gastric ulcers using integrated network analysis and metabolomics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1308995. [PMID: 38259271 PMCID: PMC10800891 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1308995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric ulcers (GUs) are prevalent digestive disorders worldwide. Wuzhuyu Decoction (WZYT) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been employed for centuries to alleviate digestive ailments like indigestion and vomiting. This study aims to explore the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of WZYT on alcohol induced gastric ulcer treatment. Methods: We employed macroscopic assessment to evaluate the gastric ulcer index (UI), while the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized for detecting biochemical indicators. Pathological tissue analysis involved hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining to assess gastric tissue damage. Additionally, the integration of network analysis and metabolomics facilitated the prediction of potential targets. Validation was conducted using Western blotting. Results: The research revealed that WZYT treatment significantly reduced the gastric ulcer index (UI) and regulation of alcohol-induced biochemical indicators levels. Additionally, improvements were observed in pathological tissue. Network analysis results indicated that 62 compounds contained in WZYT modulate alcohol-induced gastric ulcers by regulating 183 genes. The serum metabolomics indicated significant changes in the content of 19 metabolites after WZYT treatment. Two pivotal targets, heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and albumin (ALB), are believed to assume a significant role in the treatment of gastric ulcers by the construction of "compounds-target-metabolite" networks. Western blot analysis confirmed that WZYT has the capacity to elevate the expression of HMOX1 and ALB targets. Conclusion: The integration of network analysis and metabolomics provides a scientific basis to propel the clinical use of WZYT for GUs. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the use of Wuzhuyu decoction in the treatment of gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lisheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong He
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting He
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Manyi Jing
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy Department, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ates I, Yılmaz AD, Buttari B, Arese M, Saso L, Suzen S. A Review of the Potential of Nuclear Factor [Erythroid-Derived 2]-like 2 Activation in Autoimmune Diseases. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1532. [PMID: 38002492 PMCID: PMC10669303 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An autoimmune disease is the consequence of the immune system attacking healthy cells, tissues, and organs by mistake instead of protecting them. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are well-recognized processes occurring in association with acute or chronic impairment of cell homeostasis. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2) is of major importance as the defense instrument against OS and alters anti-inflammatory activities related to different pathological states. Researchers have described Nrf2 as a significant regulator of innate immunity. Growing indications suggest that the Nrf2 signaling pathway is deregulated in numerous diseases, including autoimmune disorders. The advantageous outcome of the pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is an essential part of Nrf2-based chemoprevention and intervention in other chronic illnesses, such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, and chronic kidney and liver disease. Nevertheless, a growing number of investigations have indicated that Nrf2 is already elevated in specific cancer and disease steps, suggesting that the pharmacological agents developed to mitigate the potentially destructive or transformative results associated with the protracted activation of Nrf2 should also be evaluated. The activators of Nrf2 have revealed an improvement in the progress of OS-associated diseases, resulting in immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory activities; by contrast, the depletion of Nrf2 worsens disease progression. These data strengthen the growing attention to the biological properties of Nrf2 and its possible healing power on diseases. The evidence supporting a correlation between Nrf2 signaling and the most common autoimmune diseases is reviewed here. We focus on the aspects related to the possible effect of Nrf2 activation in ameliorating pathologic conditions based on the role of this regulator of antioxidant genes in the control of inflammation and OS, which are processes related to the progression of autoimmune diseases. Finally, the possibility of Nrf2 activation as a new drug development strategy to target pathogenesis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Ates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Didem Yılmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey; (A.D.Y.); (S.S.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marzia Arese
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzae Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology ‘‘Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey; (A.D.Y.); (S.S.)
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Mancuso C. Biliverdin as a disease-modifying agent: An integrated viewpoint. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:133-143. [PMID: 37459935 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Biliverdin is one of the three by-products of heme oxygenase (HO) activity, the others being ferrous iron and carbon monoxide. Under physiological conditions, once formed in the cell, BV is reduced to bilirubin (BR) by the biliverdin reductase (BVR). However, if BVR is inhibited by either genetic variants, as occurs in the Inuit ethnicity, or dioxin intoxication, BV accumulates in cells giving rise to a clinical syndrome known as green jaundice. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that BV not only has a direct antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals, but also targets many signal transduction pathways, such as BVR, soluble guanylyl cyclase, and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Through these direct and indirect mechanisms, BV has shown beneficial roles in ischemia/reperfusion-related diseases, inflammatory diseases, graft-versus-host disease, viral infections and cancer. Unfortunately, no clinical data are available to confirm these potential therapeutic effects and the kinetics of exogenous BV in humans is unknown. These limitations have so far excluded the possibility of transforming BV from a mere by-product of heme degradation into a disease-modifying agent. A closer collaboration between basic and clinical researchers would be advantageous to overcome these issues and promote translational research on BV in free radical-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Mancuso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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7
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Gianesini G, Drigo M, Zoia A. Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia and Clinically Suspected Acute Pancreatitis in Dogs, a Pilot Study. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 56-57:100821. [PMID: 37802244 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis can be a complication of massive hemolysis, above all when intravascular in nature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between canine immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and clinically suspected acute pancreatitis (CSAP) and the role of calculated free plasma hemoglobin (Hbfp) in CSAP occurrence/development. In this cohort study the records of 95 dogs with IMHA and 95 sick dogs with pathologies other than IMHA were compared for CSAP occurrence/development. At presentation, 12/95 dogs with IMHA met criteria for CSAP, while only 3/95 sick control dogs met these criteria (χ2 =1.58, P = .008). Within 7 days of hospitalization 9 additional dogs with IMHA had developed CSAP. The Hbfp was calculated and compared for dogs with IMHA that had/developed CSAP and for those without CSAP. In dogs with IMHA, a calculated Hbfp concentration ≥ 0.08 g/dL resulted in an increased relative risk (RR) of having/developing CSAP (RR = 2.54, 95% CI, 1.51-4.29; P = .003). No significant effect on short-term prognosis in dogs with IMHA was found between those having/developing CSAP and those without CSAP. This study showed that dogs with IMHA have an increased risk of having CSAP and Hbfp concentration may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gianesini
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Veggiano, Italy
| | - Michele Drigo
- Department of Medicina Animale, Produzione e Salute, Padua University, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Zoia
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Veggiano, Italy.
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8
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de Lima F, Hounkpe BW, de Moraes CRP, Borba-Junior IT, Costa FF, De Paula EV. Safety and feasibility of the gene transfer of hemopexin for conditions with increased free heme. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1103-1111. [PMID: 37452705 PMCID: PMC10583756 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231182199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme is a fundamental molecule for several biological processes, but when released in the extracellular space such as in hemolytic diseases, it can be toxic to cells and tissues. Hemopexin (HPX) is a circulating protein responsible for removing free heme from the circulation, whose levels can be severely depleted in conditions such as sickle cell diseases. Accordingly, increasing HPX levels represents an attractive strategy to mitigate the deleterious effects of heme in these conditions. Gene transfer of liver-produced proteins with adeno-associated virus (AAV) has been shown to be an effective and safety strategy in animal and human studies mainly in hemophilia. Here, we report the feasibility of increasing HPX levels using an AAV8 vector expressing human HPX (hHPX). C57Bl mice were injected with escalating doses of our vector, and expression was assessed by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), Western blot, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In addition, the biological activity of transgenic hHPX was confirmed using two different models of heme challenge consisting of serial heme injections or phenylhydrazine-induced hemolysis. Sustained expression of hHPX was confirmed for up to 26 weeks in plasma. Expression was dose-dependent and not associated with clinical signs of toxicity. hHPX levels were significantly reduced by heme infusions and phenylhydrazine-induced hemolysis. No clinical toxicity or laboratory signs of liver damage were observed in preliminary short-term heme challenge studies. Our results confirm that long-term expression of hHPX is feasible and safe in mice, even in the presence of heme overload. Additional studies are needed to explore the effect of transgenic HPX protein in animal models of chronic hemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele de Lima
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Ferreira Costa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Erich V De Paula
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, Brazil
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9
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Lozano-Ordaz V, Rodriguez-Miguez Y, Ortiz-Cabrera AE, Hernandez-Bazan S, Mata-Espinosa D, Barrios-Payan J, Saavedra R, Hernandez-Pando R. Beneficial or detrimental activity of regulatory T cells, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and heme oxygenase-1 in the lungs is influenced by the level of virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1105872. [PMID: 37284503 PMCID: PMC10239976 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1105872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by the complex Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the main cause of death by a single bacterial agent. Last year, TB was the second leading infectious killer after SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, many biological and immunological aspects of TB are not completely elucidated, such as the complex process of immunoregulation mediated by regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). In this study, the contribution of these immunoregulatory factors was compared in mice infected with Mtb strains with different levels of virulence. First Balb/c mice were infected by intratracheal route, with a high dose of mild virulence reference strain H37Rv or with a highly virulent clinical isolate (strain 5186). In the lungs of infected mice, the kinetics of Treg cells during the infection were determined by cytofluorometry and the expression of IDO and HO-1 by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Then, the contribution of immune-regulation mediated by Treg cells, IDO and HO-1, was evaluated by treating infected animals with specific cytotoxic monoclonal antibodies for Treg cells depletion anti-CD25 (PC61 clone) or by blocking IDO and HO-1 activity using specific inhibitors (1-methyl-D,L-tryptophan or zinc protoporphyrin-IX, respectively). Mice infected with the mild virulent strain showed a progressive increment of Treg cells, showing this highest number at the beginning of the late phase of the infection (28 days), the same trend was observed in the expression of both enzymes being macrophages the cells that showed the highest immunostaining. Animals infected with the highly virulent strain showed lower survival (34 days) and higher amounts of Treg cells, as well as higher expression of IDO and HO-1 one week before. In comparison with non-treated animals, mice infected with strain H37Rv with depletion of Treg cells or treated with the enzymes blockers during late infection showed a significant decrease of bacilli loads, higher expression of IFN-g and lower IL-4 but with a similar extension of inflammatory lung consolidation determined by automated morphometry. In contrast, the depletion of Treg cells in infected mice with the highly virulent strain 5186 produced diffuse alveolar damage that was similar to severe acute viral pneumonia, lesser survival and increase of bacillary loads, while blocking of both IDO and HO-1 produced high bacillary loads and extensive pneumonia with necrosis. Thus, it seems that Treg cells, IDO and HO-1 activities are detrimental during late pulmonary TB induced by mild virulence Mtb, probably because these factors decrease immune protection mediated by the Th1 response. In contrast, Treg cells, IDO and HO-1 are beneficial when the infection is produced by a highly virulent strain, by regulation of excessive inflammation that produced alveolar damage, pulmonary necrosis, acute respiratory insufficiency, and rapid death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasti Lozano-Ordaz
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yadira Rodriguez-Miguez
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angel E. Ortiz-Cabrera
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sujhey Hernandez-Bazan
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dulce Mata-Espinosa
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Barrios-Payan
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Saavedra
- Immunology Deparment, Biomedical Research Insitute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernandez-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Medical Sciences Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
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10
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Xue Y, Zhang D, Wei Y, Guo C, Song B, Cui Y, Zhang C, Xu D, Zhang S, Fang J. Polymeric nano-micelle of carbon monoxide donor SMA/CORM2 ameliorates acetaminophen-induced liver injury via suppressing HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 184:106413. [PMID: 36863618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose-induced hepatotoxicity is the most common cause of acute liver failure. Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory responses are the major causes of necrosis and/or necroptosis of the liver cells. Currently, the treatment options for APAP-induced liver injury are very limited, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the only approved drug to treat APAP overdose patients. It is of great necessity to develop new therapeutic strategies. In a previous study, we focused on the anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory signal molecule carbon monoxide (CO), and developed a nano-micelle encapsulating CO donor, i.e., SMA/CORM2. Administration of SMA/CORM2 to the mice exposed to APAP significantly ameliorated the liver injury and inflammatory process, in which modulating macrophage reprogramming plays a critical role. Along this line, in this study, we investigated the potential effect of SMA/CORM2 on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) signaling pathways that are known to be closely involved in many inflammatory responses and necroptosis. In a mouse APAP-induced liver injury model, similar to the previous study, SMA/CORM2 at 10 mg/kg remarkably improved the condition of the liver after injury as evidenced by histological examination and liver function. During the process of liver injury triggered by APAP, TLR4 expression gradually increased over time, and it was significantly upregulated as early as 4 h after APAP exposure, whereas, an increase of HMGB1 was a late-stage event. Notably, SMA/CORM2 treatment suppressed significantly both TLR4 and HMGB1, consequently inhibiting the progression of inflammation and liver injury. Compared to CORM2 without SMA modification (native CORM2) of 1 mg/kg that is equivalent to 10 mg/kg of SMA/CORM2 (the amount of CORM2 in SMA/CORM2 is 10% [w/w]), SMA/CORM2 exhibited a much better therapeutic effect, indicating its superior therapeutic efficacy to native CORM2. These findings revealed that SMA/CORM2 protects against APAP-induced liver injury via mechanisms involving the suppression of TLR4 and HMGB1 signaling pathways. Taking together the results in this study and previous studies, SMA/CORM2 exhibits great therapeutic potential for APAP overdose-induced liver injury, we thus anticipate the clinical application of SMA/CORM2 for the treatment of APAP overdose, as well as other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Xue
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, and MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/ Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Daoxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 MeiLong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanyan Wei
- Department of Infectious Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chunyu Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Bingdong Song
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yingying Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dexiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Anhui Medical College, No 632 Furong Road, Hefei 230601, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
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11
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Mohan S, Barel LA, Benrahla DE, Do B, Mao Q, Kitagishi H, Rivard M, Motterlini R, Foresti R. Development of carbon monoxide-releasing molecules conjugated to polysaccharides (glyco-CORMs) for delivering CO during obesity. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106770. [PMID: 37068532 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal carbonyls have been developed as carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) to deliver CO for therapeutic purposes. The manganese-based CORM-401 has been recently reported to exert beneficial effects in obese animals by reducing body weight gain, improving glucose metabolism and reprogramming adipose tissue towards a healthy phenotype. Here, we report on the synthesis and characterization of glyco-CORMs, obtained by grafting manganese carbonyls on dextrans (70 and 40kDa), based on the fact that polysaccharides facilitate the targeting of drugs to adipose tissue. We found that glyco-CORMs efficiently deliver CO to cells in vitro with higher CO accumulation in adipocytes compared to other cell types. Oral administration of two selected glyco-CORMs (5b and 6b) resulted in CO accumulation in various organs, including adipose tissue. In addition, glyco-CORM 6b administered for eight weeks elicited anti-obesity and positive metabolic effects in mice fed a high fat diet. Our study highlights the feasibility of creating carriers with multiple functionalized CO-RMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Mohan
- University Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010, Créteil, France.
| | | | | | - Bernard Do
- Materials and Health, University Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France; Department of Pharmacy, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94000 Créteil, France.
| | - Qiyue Mao
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Kitagishi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
| | - Michael Rivard
- ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, University Paris Est, F-94320 Thiais, France.
| | | | - Roberta Foresti
- University Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010, Créteil, France.
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12
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De Simone G, Varricchio R, Ruberto TF, di Masi A, Ascenzi P. Heme Scavenging and Delivery: The Role of Human Serum Albumin. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030575. [PMID: 36979511 PMCID: PMC10046553 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme is the reactive center of several metal-based proteins that are involved in multiple biological processes. However, free heme, defined as the labile heme pool, has toxic properties that are derived from its hydrophobic nature and the Fe-atom. Therefore, the heme concentration must be tightly controlled to maintain cellular homeostasis and to avoid pathological conditions. Therefore, different systems have been developed to scavenge either Hb (i.e., haptoglobin (Hp)) or the free heme (i.e., high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), hemopexin (Hx), and human serum albumin (HSA)). In the first seconds after heme appearance in the plasma, more than 80% of the heme binds to HDL and LDL, and only the remaining 20% binds to Hx and HSA. Then, HSA slowly removes most of the heme from HDL and LDL, and finally, heme transits to Hx, which releases it into hepatic parenchymal cells. The Hx:heme or HSA:heme complexes are internalized via endocytosis mediated by the CD91 and CD71 receptors, respectively. As heme constitutes a major iron source for pathogens, bacteria have evolved hemophores that can extract and uptake heme from host proteins, including HSA:heme. Here, the molecular mechanisms underlying heme scavenging and delivery from HSA are reviewed. Moreover, the relevance of HSA in disease states associated with increased heme plasma concentrations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna De Simone
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Romualdo Varricchio
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Tommaso Francesco Ruberto
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, 00146 Roma, Italy
- Centro Linceo Interdisciplinare Beniamino Segre, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, 00165 Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Roma Tre University, 00146 Roma, Italy
- Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, 00165 Roma, Italy
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13
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Chai J, Zhu J, Tian Y, Yang K, Luan J, Wang Y. Carbon monoxide therapy: a promising strategy for cancer. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1849-1865. [PMID: 36786000 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02599j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the acute life-threatening diseases endangering the whole of humanity. The treatment modalities for cancer are various. However, in most cases, a single treatment choice provides multiple side effects, poor targeting, and ineffective treatment. In recent years, the physiological regulatory function of carbon monoxide (CO) in the cancer process has been reported gradually, and CO-related nano-drugs have been explored. It shows better application prospects in cancer treatment and provides new ideas for treatment. The present review introduces the pathophysiological role of CO. The recent advances in cancer therapy, such as CO-mediated gas therapy, combined application of CO chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and immunotherapy, are described. Current challenges and future developments in CO-based treatment are also discussed. This review provides comprehensive information on recent advances in CO therapy and also some valuable guidance for promoting the progress of gas therapy nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Junfei Zhu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Sakura East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Kui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
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14
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Cumhur Cure M, Cure E. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may cause liver injury via Na +/H + exchanger. World J Virol 2023; 12:12-21. [PMID: 36743661 PMCID: PMC9896593 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver has many significant functions, such as detoxification, the urea cycle, gluconeogenesis, and protein synthesis. Systemic diseases, hypoxia, infections, drugs, and toxins can easily affect the liver, which is extremely sensitive to injury. Systemic infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can cause liver damage. The primary regulator of intracellular pH in the liver is the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE). Physiologically, NHE protects hepatocytes from apoptosis by making the intracellular pH alkaline. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 increases local angiotensin II levels by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. In severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019, high angi-otensin II levels may cause NHE overstimulation and lipid accumulation in the liver. NHE overstimulation can lead to hepatocyte death. NHE overstimulation may trigger a cytokine storm by increasing proinflammatory cytokines in the liver. Since the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 increases with NHE activation, the virus may indirectly cause an increase in fibrinogen and D-dimer levels. NHE overstimulation may cause thrombotic events and systemic damage by increasing fibrinogen levels and cytokine release. Also, NHE overstimulation causes an increase in the urea cycle while inhibiting vitamin D synthesis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. Increasing NHE3 activity leads to Na+ loading, which impairs the containment and fluidity of bile acid. NHE overstimulation can change the gut microbiota composition by disrupting the structure and fluidity of bile acid, thus triggering systemic damage. Unlike other tissues, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and angiotensin II decrease NHE3 activity in the intestine. Thus, increased luminal Na+ leads to diarrhea and cytokine release. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced local and systemic damage can be improved by preventing virus-induced NHE overstimulation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medine Cumhur Cure
- Department of Biochemistry, Private Tanfer Hospital, Istanbul 34394, Turkey
| | - Erkan Cure
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bagcilar Medilife Hospital, Istanbul 34200, Turkey
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15
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Carboxyhemoglobin Levels in Preterm Neonatal Late-Onset Sepsis: to Predict or not to Predict. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2023; 15:e2023017. [PMID: 36908862 PMCID: PMC10000836 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2023.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in diagnosing late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm neonates. Methods The records of culture-positive LOS in preterm neonates hospitalized in NICU from January 2017 to July 2022 were reviewed. COHb levels, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio of septic preterm infants were compared to controls. In addition, serial COHb levels measured within six hours before or 24h after blood culture sampling, three to seven days prior, and three to five days after starting antimicrobial therapy were retrieved from patient records. Results The study included 77 blood-culture-positive preterm infants and 77 non-septic controls. During the LOS episode, the COHb values were found to be significantly increased (median: 1.8, IQR: 1.4-2.5) when compared to the control group (median: 1.2, IQR: 0.8-1.6) (p < 0.001). ROC analysis yielded an AUC of 0.714 for COHb (95% CI: 0.631-0.796, p<0.001). At an optimal cut-off of >1.5%, the test's sensitivity was 64.94%, the specificity was 72.73%, the positive predictive value was 70.42%, and the negative predictive value was 67.47%. LOS led to a dramatic rise followed by a decrease after the initiation of the antimicrobial therapy [1.8 (1.4-2.5)] vs. [1.45 (0.2-4)] p<0.001. Conclusion COHb levels increased at the beginning of LOS, decreasing in response to antibiotics. When used in conjunction with other sepsis biomarkers, the variation of COHb can be important in evaluating late-onset sepsis episodes in preterm infants.
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16
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Construction of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes Risk Model Predicts the Prognosis of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225572. [PMID: 36428665 PMCID: PMC9688652 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes significantly to cancer development. Recent studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress could alter the epigenome and, in particular, DNA methylation. This study aimed to explore the potential link between oxidative stress and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). An analysis of RNA-seq data and relevant clinical information was conducted with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and oxidative stress genes were obtained from Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in normal and tumor groups of UCEC were analyzed using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. As a result of survival analysis, Lasso regression analysis of DEGs, a risk score model of oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs) was constructed. Moreover, this study demonstrated that OSRGs are associated with immune cell infiltration in UCEC, suggesting oxidative stress may play a role in UCEC development by activating immune cells. We discovered 136 oxidative stress-related DEGs in UCEC, from which we screened 25 prognostic genes significantly related to the overall survival of UCEC patients. BCL2A1, CASP6, GPX2, HIC1, IL19, MSX1, RNF183, SFN, TRPM2 and HIST1H3C are associated with a good prognosis while CDKN2A, CHAC1, E2F1, GSDME, HMGA1, ITGA7, MCM4, MYBL2, PPIF, S100A1, S100A9, STK26 and TRIB3 are involved in a poor prognosis in UCEC. A 7-OSRGs-based risk score (H3C1, CDKN2A, STK26, TRPM2, E2F1, CHAC1, MSX1) was generated by Lasso regression. Further, an association was found between H3C1, CDKN2A, STK26, TRPM2, E2F1, CHAC1 and MSX1 expression levels and the immune infiltrating cells, including CD8 T cells, NK cells, and mast cells in UCEC. NFYA and RFX5 were speculated as common transcription factors of CDKN2A, TRPM2, E2F1, CHAC1, and MSX1 in UCEC.
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17
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Li J, Zhang Q, Chen H, Xu D, Chen Z, Wen Y. Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Dual Stress Response of Herbicide and Micronutrient Fe in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13499-13509. [PMID: 36223430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly intensive agricultural practices are leading not only to herbicide contamination but also to nutritional stress on nontarget plants. This study evaluated the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the dual stress response of herbicide dichlorprop and micronutrient Fe in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results revealed that co-treatment with 20 μM zinc protoporphyrin (a specific inhibitor of HO-1) reduced the activity of HO-1 by 21.6%, Fe2+ content by 19.8%, and MDA content by 20.0%, reducing abnormal iron aggregation and oxidative stress in response to the herbicide compared to treatment with (R)-dichloroprop alone, which has herbicidal activity. Thus, free Fe2+ released from HO-1 mediated dichlorprop-induced oxidative stress in the Fenton reaction and affected aberrant Fe aggregation, which also had an enantioselective effect. This study contributes to an in-depth understanding of the toxicity mechanism of herbicides under nutrient stresses, thus providing new strategies to control the environmental risks of herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiushui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zunwei Chen
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yuezhong Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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18
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Taheri P. Crosstalk of nitro-oxidative stress and iron in plant immunity. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 191:137-149. [PMID: 36075546 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of oxygen and nitrogen radicals and their derivatives, known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), occurs throughout various phases of plant growth in association with biotic and abiotic stresses. One of the consequences of environmental stresses is disruption of homeostasis between production and scavenging of ROS and RNS, which leads to nitro-oxidative burst and affects other defense-related mechanisms, such as polyamines levels, phenolics, lignin and callose as defense components related to plant cell wall reinforcement. Although this subject has attracted huge interest, the cross-talk between these signaling molecules and iron, as a main metal element involved in the activity of various enzymes and numerous vital processes in the living cells, remains largely unexplored. Therefore, it seems necessary to pay more in depth attention to the mechanisms of plant resistance against various environmental stimuli for designing novel and effective plant protection strategies. This review is focused on advances in recent knowledge related to the role of ROS, RNS, and association of these signaling molecules with iron in plant immunity. Furthermore, the role of cell wall fortification as a main physical barrier involved in plant defense have been discussed in association with reactive species and iron ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parissa Taheri
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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19
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Li W, Qiu L, Guan J, Sun Y, Zhao J, Du M. Comparative transcriptome analysis of longissimus dorsi tissues with different intramuscular fat contents from Guangling donkeys. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:644. [PMID: 36085018 PMCID: PMC9463830 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Donkey meat has low fat and high protein contents and is rich in various unsaturated fatty acids and trace elements that are beneficial to human digestion and absorption. IMF (intramuscular fat), also known as marbling, is an important indicator of the lean meat to fat ratio, which directly affects the tenderness and juiciness of the meat. At present, the underlying molecular variations affecting IMF content among donkey breeds are unclear. The Guangling donkey is an indigenous species in China. This study explored candidate regulatory genes that affect IMF content in Guangling donkeys. The IMF content of the longissimus dorsi muscle in 30 Guangling donkeys was measured. Six donkeys of similar age were selected according to age factors and divided into two groups, the high (H) and low (L) fat groups, according to their IMF content.
Results
RNA-seq technology was used to compare the muscle transcriptome between the two groups. More than 75.0% of alternative splicing (AS) events were of the skipped exon (SE) type. A total of 887 novel genes were identified; only 386 novel genes were aligned to the annotation information of various databases. Transcriptomics analysis revealed 167 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 64 were upregulated and 103 were downregulated between the H and L groups. Gene ontology analysis showed that the DEGs were enriched in multiple biological processes and pathways that are related to adipocyte differentiation, lipid synthesis, and neutral lipid metabolism. KEGG pathway analysis suggested that arachidonic acid metabolism, the HIF-1 signalling pathway, fructose and mannose metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and the AMPK signalling pathway were involved in lipid deposition. In addition, a gene–gene interaction network was constructed that revealed that the DEGs, including SCD, LEPR, CIDEA, DLK1, DGAT2, ITGAL, HMOX1, WNT10B, and DGKA, had significant roles in adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. The selected DEGs were further validated by qRT–PCR.
Conclusion
This study improves the in-depth understanding of gene regulation and protein expression regarding IMF deposition and lays a basis for subsequent molecular breeding studies in Guangling donkeys.
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20
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Bongaerts GPA, Williams RM, van der Wielen MWJ, Feiters MC. (Photo-)chemical roadmap to strategic antimicrobial photodynamic and photothermal therapies. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424622500493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Ruan LY, Lai ZZ, Shi JW, Yang HL, Ye JF, Xie F, Qiu XM, Zhu XY, Li MQ. Excess Heme Promotes the Migration and Infiltration of Macrophages in Endometrial Hyperplasia Complicated with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060849. [PMID: 35740976 PMCID: PMC9221196 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients, endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is often accompanied by abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), which is prone to release large amounts of heme. However, the role of excess heme in the migration and infiltration of immune cells in EH complicated by AUB remains unknown. In this study, 45 patients with AUB were divided into three groups: a proliferative phase group (n = 15), a secretory phase group (n = 15) and EH (n = 15). We observed that immune cell subpopulations were significantly different among the three groups, as demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis. Of note, there was a higher infiltration of total immune cells and macrophages in the endometrium of patients with EH. Heme up-regulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) in vitro, as well as chemokine (e.g., CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL8) levels. Additionally, stimulation with heme led to the increased recruitment of THP-1 cells in an indirect EEC-THP-1 co-culture unit. These data suggest that sustained and excessive heme in patients with AUB may recruit macrophages by increasing the levels of several chemokines, contributing to the accumulation and infiltration of macrophages in the endometrium of EH patients, and the key molecules of heme metabolism, HO-1 and Nrf2, are also involved in this regulatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yu Ruan
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China;
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (Z.-Z.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Zhen-Zhen Lai
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (Z.-Z.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Jia-Wei Shi
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (Z.-Z.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Hui-Li Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (Z.-Z.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Jiang-Feng Ye
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore;
| | - Feng Xie
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical and Intrauterine Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (X.-M.Q.); (X.-Y.Z.); (M.-Q.L.)
| | - Xue-Min Qiu
- Clinical Research Center, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (X.-M.Q.); (X.-Y.Z.); (M.-Q.L.)
| | - Xiao-Yong Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (X.-M.Q.); (X.-Y.Z.); (M.-Q.L.)
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China;
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China; (Z.-Z.L.); (J.-W.S.); (H.-L.Y.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (X.-M.Q.); (X.-Y.Z.); (M.-Q.L.)
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22
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Shen Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Guo X, Yu K, Dong K, Guo Y, Cai C, Li B. Bilayer silk fibroin/sodium alginate scaffold promotes vascularization and advances inflammation stage in full-thickness wound. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35617935 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac73b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An ideal wound dressing for full-thickness wound regeneration should offer desirable biocompatibility, adequate mechanical properties, barrier function, and cellular regulation. Here, a bilayer scaffold resembling the hierarchical structure of human skin was developed using silk fibroin and sodium alginate. The upper membrane was prepared through casting and functioned as the epidermis, whereas the lower porous scaffold was prepared by freeze-drying and mimicked extracellular matrix structures. The membrane had nonporous structure, desirable mechanical properties, moderate hydrophilic surface, and suitable water vapor transmission rate, whereas the porous scaffold revealed 157.61 ± 41.67 µm pore size, 86.10 ± 3.60% porosity, and capability of stimulating fibroblast proliferation. The combination of the two structures reinforced the tensile strength by 5-fold and provided protection from wound dehydration. A suitable degradation rate reduced potential administration frequency. Furthermore, an in vivo rabbit full-thickness wound healing test demonstrated that the bilayer scaffold facilitated wound closure, granulation tissue formation, re-epithelialization and skin component transition towards normal skin by providing a moist wound environment, advancing the inflammation stage, and stimulating angiogenesis. Collectively, as an off-the-shelf and cell-free wound dressing with single topical administration, the bilayer scaffold is a promising wound dressing for full-thickness wound regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shen
- Biomedical Material and Engineering Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, CHINA
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Biomedical Material and Engineering Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, CHINA
| | - Yiyu Wang
- Taizhou University, Taizhou, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317000, CHINA
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430300, CHINA
| | - Keda Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Union Hospital, Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430300, CHINA
| | - Kuo Dong
- Biomedical Material and Engineering Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, CHINA
| | - Yajin Guo
- Biomedical Material and Engineering Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, CHINA
| | - Cuiling Cai
- Biomedical Material and Engineering Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, CHINA
| | - Binbin Li
- Biomedical Material and Engineering Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, CHINA
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23
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Protective mechanisms harnessing against injurious heme and preventing kidney damage in STEC-HUS: toward new therapies? Kidney Int 2022; 101:1107-1109. [PMID: 35597589 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hemolytic uremic syndrome can be initiated by Escherichia coli infections (Shiga-toxin-producing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli hemolytic uremic syndrome). When hemoglobin and heme released from ruptured erythrocytes interact with the kidney cells, this can result in platelet activation, vascular inflammation and occlusion, and kidney injury. Pirschel et al. now report that in the absence of protective mechanisms against free hemoglobin and heme, heme-induced kidney injury can be exacerbated. Therapeutic strategies should therefore also target heme-mediated deleterious effects in (severely ill) patients with Shiga-toxin-producing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli hemolytic uremic syndrome.
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24
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Singh N, Bhatla SC. Heme oxygenase-nitric oxide crosstalk-mediated iron homeostasis in plants under oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:192-205. [PMID: 35247570 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth under abiotic stress conditions significantly enhances intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative status of plant cells is directly affected by the modulation of iron homeostasis. Among mammals and plants, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a well-known antioxidant enzyme. It catalyzes oxygenation of heme, thereby producing Fe2+, CO and biliverdin as byproducts. The antioxidant potential of HO-1 is primarily due to its catalytic reaction byproducts. Biliverdin and bilirubin possess conjugated π-electrons which escalate the ability of these biomolecules to scavenge free radicals. CO also enhances the ROS scavenging ability of plants cells by upregulating catalase and peroxidase activity. Enhanced expression of HO-1 in plants under oxidative stress accompanies sequestration of iron in specialized iron storage proteins localized in plastids and mitochondria, namely ferritin for Fe3+ storage and frataxin for storage of Fe-S clusters, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) crosstalks with HO-1 at multiple levels, more so in plants under oxidative stress, in order to maintain intracellular iron status. Formation of dinitrosyl-iron complexes (DNICs) significantly prevents Fenton reaction during oxidative stress. DNICs also release NO upon dissociation in target cells over long distance in plants. They also function as antioxidants against superoxide anions and lipidic free radicals. A number of NO-modulated transcription factors also facilitate iron homeostasis in plant cells. Plants facing oxidative stress exhibit modulation of lateral root formation by HO-1 through NO and auxin-dependent pathways. The present review provides an in-depth analysis of the structure-function relationship of HO-1 in plants and mammals, correlating them with their adaptive mechanisms of survival under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, University of Delhi, India.
| | - Satish C Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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25
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Heme oxygenase-1, carbon monoxide, and malaria – The interplay of chemistry and biology. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Kamothi DJ, Kant V, Jangir BL, Joshi VG, Ahuja M, Kumar V. Novel preparation of bilirubin-encapsulated pluronic F-127 nanoparticles as a potential biomaterial for wound healing. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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27
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Lu Z, Tang M, Zhang M, Li Y, Shi F, Zhan F, Zhao L, Li J, Lin L, Qin Z. Hemeprotein amplifies the innate immune receptors of Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney cells through NF-κB- and MAPK-dependent reactive oxygen species generation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:104207. [PMID: 34273355 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Infectious bacterial and viral diseases that cause hemolysis are considered life-threatening to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), which is a species used in aquaculture worldwide. After heme and hemeproteins (Hb) are released as a result of hemolysis, the effect of excess Hb and heme on tissues remains to be characterized. To decipher the mechanisms, after incubation with Hb, we showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Hb, and heme increased the cytotoxicity and secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 (CCL1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in vitro, which was due to stimulation of the expression of innate immune receptors, such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD2), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR 4, and TLR3. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB were important for increasing the cytokine production to induce heme, Hb, and LPS. Moreover, we confirmed that after LPS, Hb, and heme challenge, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) synthetase (GSS) also caused remarkable destruction. However, catalase (CAT) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were strongly activated. In summary, our research findings present a framework through which heme and Hb concentrations amplify the secretions of inflammatory cytokines, which are induced by pattern recognition receptor (PRR) activation and present possible paths for immune intervention during infection with viral diseases and hemolytic bacterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Meizhen Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Menglan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Fanbin Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China; School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI, 49783, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
| | - Zhendong Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
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Ma LL, Sun L, Wang YX, Sun BH, Li YF, Jin YL. Association between HO‑1 gene promoter polymorphisms and diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:29. [PMID: 34841438 PMCID: PMC8669660 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1) is an inducible cytoprotective enzyme that degrades heme into free iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin, which is then rapidly converted into bilirubin. These degradation products serve an important role in the regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. While the expression level of HO‑1 is typically low in most cells, it may be highly expressed when induced by a variety of stimulating factors, a process that contributes to the regulation of cell homeostasis. In the 5'‑non‑coding region of the HO‑1 gene, there are two polymorphic sites, namely the (GT)n dinucleotide and T(‑413)A single nucleotide polymorphism sites, which regulate the transcriptional activity of HO‑1. These polymorphisms have been shown to be closely associated with the occurrence and progression of numerous diseases, including cardiovascular, pulmonary, liver and kidney, various types of cancer and viral diseases. The present article reviews the progress that has been made in research on the association between the two types of polymorphisms and these diseases, which is expected to provide novel strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Ma
- School of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xi Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Bai-He Sun
- School of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Fei Li
- School of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Ling Jin
- Management Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
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De Geest B, Mishra M. Role of Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure: Insights from Gene Transfer Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111645. [PMID: 34829874 PMCID: PMC8615706 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological circumstances, there is an exquisite balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS degradation, resulting in low steady-state ROS levels. ROS participate in normal cellular function and in cellular homeostasis. Oxidative stress is the state of a transient or a persistent increase of steady-state ROS levels leading to disturbed signaling pathways and oxidative modification of cellular constituents. It is a key pathophysiological player in pathological hypertrophy, pathological remodeling, and the development and progression of heart failure. The heart is the metabolically most active organ and is characterized by the highest content of mitochondria of any tissue. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS in the myocardium. The causal role of oxidative stress in heart failure is highlighted by gene transfer studies of three primary antioxidant enzymes, thioredoxin, and heme oxygenase-1, and is further supported by gene therapy studies directed at correcting oxidative stress linked to metabolic risk factors. Moreover, gene transfer studies have demonstrated that redox-sensitive microRNAs constitute potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of heart failure. In conclusion, gene therapy studies have provided strong corroborative evidence for a key role of oxidative stress in pathological remodeling and in the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Geest
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-372-059
| | - Mudit Mishra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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30
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Kang DY, Sp N, Jo ES, Lee JM, Jang KJ. New Insights into the Pivotal Role of Iron/Heme Metabolism in TLR4/NF-κB Signaling-Mediated Inflammatory Responses in Human Monocytes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102549. [PMID: 34685529 PMCID: PMC8534183 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron metabolism and heme biosynthesis are essential processes in cells during the energy cycle. Alteration in these processes could create an inflammatory condition, which results in tumorigenesis. Studies are conducted on the exact role of iron/heme metabolism in induced inflammatory conditions. This study used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or high-glucose-induced inflammation conditions in THP-1 cells to study how iron/heme metabolism participates in inflammatory responses. Here, we used iron and heme assays for measuring total iron and heme. We also used flow cytometry and Western blotting to analyze molecular responses. Our results demonstrated that adding LPS or high-glucose induced iron formation and heme synthesis and elevated the expression levels of proteins responsible for iron metabolism and heme synthesis. We then found that further addition of heme or 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) increased heme biosynthesis and promoted inflammatory responses by upregulating TLR4/NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine expressions. We also demonstrated the inhibition of heme synthesis using succinylacetone (SA). Moreover, N-MMP inhibited LPS- or high-glucose-induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling. Hence, iron/heme metabolism checkpoints could be considered a target for treating inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Young Kang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Nipin Sp
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Eun Seong Jo
- Pharmacological Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Cheongju-si 28159, Korea; (E.S.J.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Jin-Moo Lee
- Pharmacological Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Cheongju-si 28159, Korea; (E.S.J.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Kyoung-Jin Jang
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (D.Y.K.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2030-7839
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31
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Rapozzi V, Juarranz A, Habib A, Ihan A, Strgar R. Is haem the real target of COVID-19? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102381. [PMID: 34119708 PMCID: PMC8192263 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although a vaccination campaign has been launched in many countries, the COVID-19 pandemic is not under control. The main concern is the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2; therefore, it is important to find approaches to prevent or reduce the virulence and pathogenicity of the virus. Currently, the mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2 is not fully understood. Considering the clinical effects that occur during the disease, attacking the human respiratory and hematopoietic systems, and the changes in biochemical parameters (including decreases in haemoglobin [Hb] levels and increases in serum ferritin), it is clear that iron metabolism is involved. SARS-CoV-2 induces haemolysis and interacts with Hb molecules via ACE2, CD147, CD26, and other receptors located on erythrocytes and/or blood cell precursors that produce dysfunctional Hb. A molecular docking study has reported a potential link between the virus and the beta chain of haemoglobin and attack on haem. Considering that haem is involved in miRNA processing by binding to the DGCR8-DROSHA complex, we hypothesised that the virus may check this mechanism and thwart the antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angeles Juarranz
- Department of Biology, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ahsan Habib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Alojz Ihan
- Institute for Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rebeka Strgar
- Institution of Applicative Biophotonics, Technological Park Ljubljana, Slovenia
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32
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Lechuga GC, Souza-Silva F, Sacramento CQ, Trugilho MRO, Valente RH, Napoleão-Pêgo P, Dias SSG, Fintelman-Rodrigues N, Temerozo JR, Carels N, Alves CR, Pereira MCS, Provance DW, Souza TML, De-Simone SG. SARS-CoV-2 Proteins Bind to Hemoglobin and Its Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9035. [PMID: 34445741 PMCID: PMC8396565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been linked to hematological dysfunctions, but there are little experimental data that explain this. Spike (S) and Nucleoprotein (N) proteins have been putatively associated with these dysfunctions. In this work, we analyzed the recruitment of hemoglobin (Hb) and other metabolites (hemin and protoporphyrin IX-PpIX) by SARS-Cov2 proteins using different approaches. (2) Methods: shotgun proteomics (LC-MS/MS) after affinity column adsorption identified hemin-binding SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The parallel synthesis of the peptides technique was used to study the interaction of the receptor bind domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain (NTD) of the S protein with Hb and in silico analysis to identify the binding motifs of the N protein. The plaque assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of Hb and the metabolites hemin and PpIX on virus adsorption and replication in Vero cells. (3) Results: the proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS identified the S, N, M, Nsp3, and Nsp7 as putative hemin-binding proteins. Six short sequences in the RBD and 11 in the NTD of the spike were identified by microarray of peptides to interact with Hb and tree motifs in the N protein by in silico analysis to bind with heme. An inhibitory effect in vitro of Hb, hemin, and PpIX at different levels was observed. Strikingly, free Hb at 1mM suppressed viral replication (99%), and its interaction with SARS-CoV-2 was localized into the RBD region of the spike protein. (4) Conclusions: in this study, we identified that (at least) five proteins (S, N, M, Nsp3, and Nsp7) of SARS-CoV-2 recruit Hb/metabolites. The motifs of the RDB of SARS-CoV-2 spike, which binds Hb, and the sites of the heme bind-N protein were disclosed. In addition, these compounds and PpIX block the virus's adsorption and replication. Furthermore, we also identified heme-binding motifs and interaction with hemin in N protein and other structural (S and M) and non-structural (Nsp3 and Nsp7) proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme C. Lechuga
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Celular Ultrastructure, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Franklin Souza-Silva
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Biology and Heath Science Faculty, Iguaçu University, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carolina Q. Sacramento
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Monique R. O. Trugilho
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Toxinology, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Richard H. Valente
- Laboratory of Toxinology, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Paloma Napoleão-Pêgo
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
| | - Suelen S. G. Dias
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Natalia Fintelman-Rodrigues
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Jairo R. Temerozo
- Laboratory of Thymus Research, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
- FIOCRUZ, National Institute for Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT/NIM), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Carels
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Biology and Heath Science Faculty, Iguaçu University, Nova Iguaçu 26260-045, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. Alves
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endemic Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Mirian C. S. Pereira
- Laboratory of Celular Ultrastructure, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - David W. Provance
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
| | - Thiago M. L. Souza
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Salvatore G. De-Simone
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation on Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (F.S.-S.); (C.Q.S.); (M.R.O.T.); (P.N.-P.); (N.F.-R.); (N.C.); (D.W.P.J.); (T.M.L.S.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 24020-141, RJ, Brazil
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Zheng T, Zhan J, Yang M, Wang M, Sun W, Shan Z, Chen H. Hemin-induced increase in saponin content contributes to the alleviation of osmotic and cold stress damage to Conyza blinii in a heme oxygenase 1-dependent manner. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:682-694. [PMID: 34414702 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hemin can improve the stress resistance of plants through the heme oxygenase system. Additionally, substances contained in plants, such as secondary metabolites, can improve stress resistance. However, few studies have explored the effects of hemin on secondary metabolite content. Therefore, the effects of hemin on saponin synthesis and the mechanism of plant injury relief by hemin in Conyza blinii were investigated in this study. Hemin treatment promoted plant growth and increased the antioxidant enzyme activity and saponin content of C. blinii under osmotic stress and cold stress. Further study showed that hemin could provide sufficient precursors for saponin synthesis by improving the photosynthetic capacity of C. blinii and increasing the gene expression of key enzymes in the saponin synthesis pathway, thus increasing the saponin content. Moreover, the promotion effect of hemin on saponin synthesis is dependent on heme oxygenase-1 and can be reversed by the inhibitor Zn-protoporphyrin-IX (ZnPPIX). This study revealed that hemin can increase the saponin content of C. blinii and alleviate the damage caused by abiotic stress, and it also broadened the understanding of the relationship between hemin and secondary metabolites in plant abiotic stress relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrun Zheng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.,Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Junyi Zhan
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Maojia Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zhi Shan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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Santhakumar P, Prathap L, Roy A, Jayaraman S, Jeevitha M. Molecular docking analysis of furfural and isoginkgetin with heme oxygenase I and PPARγ. Bioinformation 2021; 17:356-362. [PMID: 34234396 PMCID: PMC8225605 DOI: 10.6026/97320630017356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of interest to document the molecular docking analysis based binding data of furfural and isoginkgetin with heme oxygenase I and PPARγ in the context of inflammation for further consideration in drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Santhakumar
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lavanya Prathap
- Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Jeevitha
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kimura S, Gelbart B, Chiletti R, Stephens D, Butt W. Carboxyhemoglobin levels in children during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: a retrospective study. Perfusion 2021; 37:797-804. [PMID: 34233534 DOI: 10.1177/02676591211027776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hemolysis is a common complication of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). There are few data on whether carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), a potential marker of hemolysis, are elevated during ECMO support. METHODS We conducted a single-center, retrospective study comparing peak COHb levels of children pre-, during, and post-ECMO from January 2017 to August 2020. RESULTS There were 154 ECMO runs in 147 children (154 PICU admissions) included in the study. The median age was 3.5 (IQR 0.2, 39.2) months. Veno-arterial ECMO was the predominant mode: 146/154 (94.8%). Eighty-seven children (56.5%) underwent cardiac surgery. Peak COHb levels during ECMO were statistically significantly higher compared to pre ECMO (COHb 1.8% (IQR 1.4, 2.6) vs COHb 1.2% (IQR 0.7, 1.7), p < 0.001) and post ECMO (COHb 1.6% (IQR 1.3, 2.2), p = 0.009). Children with COHb ⩾2% were younger and had longer duration of ECMO support. Plasma hemoglobin weakly correlated with COHb level (r = 0.14; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Carboxyhemoglobin levels increased during ECMO support compared to the pre and post ECMO period. Younger age and longer ECMO duration were associated with COHb levels ⩾2%. Plasma hemoglobin weakly correlated with COHb level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kimura
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ben Gelbart
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Roberto Chiletti
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David Stephens
- Decision Support Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Warwick Butt
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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36
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Cacciottola L, Donnez J, Dolmans MM. Can Endometriosis-Related Oxidative Stress Pave the Way for New Treatment Targets? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137138. [PMID: 34281188 PMCID: PMC8267660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a disease of reproductive age characterized by chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Its pathogenesis is complex and still partially unexplained. However, there is increasing evidence of the role of chronic inflammation, immune system dysregulation, and oxidative stress in its development and progression. The latter appears to be involved in multiple aspects of the disease. Indeed, disease progression sustained by a hyperproliferative phenotype can be related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance, as numerous experiments using drugs to counteract hyperproliferation have shown in recent years. Chronic pelvic pain is also associated with cell function dysregulation favoring chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, specifically involving macrophages and mast cell activation. Moreover, there is increasing evidence of a role for ROS and impaired mitochondrial function not only as deleterious effectors of the ovarian reserve in patients with endometriomas but also in terms of oocyte quality and, hence, embryo development impairment. Targeting oxidative stress looks to be a promising strategy to both curb endometriotic lesion progression and alleviate endometriosis-associated symptoms of chronic pain and infertility. More investigations are nevertheless needed to develop effective therapeutic strategies for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Cacciottola
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Jacques Donnez
- Society for Research into Infertility, 1150 Brussels, Belgium;
- Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Department of Gynecology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-(0)2-764-5287
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37
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Lu JJ, Abudukeyoumu A, Zhang X, Liu LB, Li MQ, Xie F. Heme oxygenase 1: a novel oncogene in multiple gynecological cancers. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2252-2261. [PMID: 34239353 PMCID: PMC8241721 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), also known as heat shock protein 32 (HSP32), is a stress-inducible enzyme. In the past, it was believed to participate in maintaining cell homeostasis, reducing oxidative stress damage and exerting anti-apoptotic effects. When exposed to noxious stimulation, the expression of HO-1 in the body will increase, antagonizing these oxidative stresses and protecting our bodies. Recently, many studies showed that HO-1 was also highly-expressed in multiple gynecological cancers (such as ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and endometrial cancer), suggesting that it should be closely related to cell proliferation, metastasis, immune regulation and angiogenesis as an oncogene. This review summarizes the different effects of HO-1 under normal and diseased conditions with a brief discussion of its implications on the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancers, aiming to provide a new clue for prevention and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jing Lu
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ayitila Abudukeyoumu
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Bing Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xie
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
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38
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Turpin C, Catan A, Meilhac O, Bourdon E, Canonne-Hergaux F, Rondeau P. Erythrocytes: Central Actors in Multiple Scenes of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115843. [PMID: 34072544 PMCID: PMC8198892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of atherosclerosis (ATH) involves lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and both vascular and blood cell dysfunction. Erythrocytes, the main circulating cells in the body, exert determinant roles in the gas transport between tissues. Erythrocytes have long been considered as simple bystanders in cardiovascular diseases, including ATH. This review highlights recent knowledge concerning the role of erythrocytes being more than just passive gas carriers, as potent contributors to atherosclerotic plaque progression. Erythrocyte physiology and ATH pathology is first described. Then, a specific chapter delineates the numerous links between erythrocytes and atherogenesis. In particular, we discuss the impact of extravasated erythrocytes in plaque iron homeostasis with potential pathological consequences. Hyperglycaemia is recognised as a significant aggravating contributor to the development of ATH. Then, a special focus is made on glycoxidative modifications of erythrocytes and their role in ATH. This chapter includes recent data proposing glycoxidised erythrocytes as putative contributors to enhanced atherothrombosis in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Turpin
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Aurélie Catan
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France
| | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
| | | | - Philippe Rondeau
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +262(0)-2-62-93-88-43; Fax: +262-(0)-2-62-93-88-01
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Pettway YD, Neder TH, Ho DH, Fox BM, Burch M, Colson J, Liu X, Kellum CE, Hyndman KA, Pollock JS. Early life stress induces dysregulation of the heme pathway in adult mice. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14844. [PMID: 34042301 PMCID: PMC8157772 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood, but the underlying vascular mechanisms are poorly understood. Increased hemoglobin and heme have recently been implicated to mediate endothelial dysfunction in several vascular diseases. Chronic physiological stress is associated with alterations in the heme pathway that have been well-described in the literature. However, very little is known about the heme pathway with exposure to ELS or chronic psychosocial stress. Utilizing a mouse model of ELS, maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW), we previously reported that MSEW induces endothelial dysfunction via increased superoxide production. We reasoned that heme dysregulation may be one of the culprits induced by MSEW and sustained throughout adulthood; thus, we hypothesized that MSEW induces heme dysfunction. We investigated whether circulating levels of heme, a circulating pro-oxidant mediator, are increased by MSEW and examined the role of the heme metabolic pathway and heme homeostasis in this process. We found that circulating levels of heme are increased in mice exposed to MSEW and that plasma from MSEW mice stimulated higher superoxide production in cultured mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) compared to plasma from normally reared mice. The heme scavenger hemopexin blunted this enhanced superoxide production. Splenic haptoglobin abundance was significantly lower and hemoglobin levels per red blood cell were significantly higher in MSEW versus control mice. These findings lead us to propose that ELS induces increased circulating heme through dysregulation of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin system representing a mechanistic link between ELS and CVD risk in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasminye D Pettway
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Thomas H Neder
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Dao H Ho
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Brandon M Fox
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mariah Burch
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jackson Colson
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Cailin E Kellum
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kelly A Hyndman
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Courrol LC, de Oliveira Silva FR, Masilamani V. SARS-CoV-2, hemoglobin and protoporphyrin IX: Interactions and perspectives. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102324. [PMID: 33965601 PMCID: PMC8123386 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 attacks hemoglobin through its structural protein ORF3a, dissociating the iron from the heme, as iron is necessary by cell machinery for virus replication. In this process protoporphyrin (PpIX) is released. Methods The decrease in the hemoglobin levels observed in patients with Covid-19 is frequently accompanied by an increase in PpIX levels. This evidence was confirmed by the quantification of PpIX by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). PpIX emission is observed in its two characteristic bands at approximately 635 nm and 705 nm. Results This paper searches to understand the role of heme and PpIX inside the cells. Perspectives on the use of PpIX fluorescence as a sensor to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the tissue, blood, urine, or feces to map the evolution and severity of the disease or to monitor the response of the Covid-19 treatment modalities were described. Conclusion Fluorescence spectroscopy could be adopted as an excellent diagnostic technique for Covid-19, of low cost and high sensitivity. This method can potentially be used as a marker to monitor the response to the treatments. Photodynamic and sonodynamic therapies using the endogenous PpIX increased in the acute phase of the disease, could be employed for Covid-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valdivel Masilamani
- King Saud University, Physics and Astronomy Department, Laser Group, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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41
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Neurobehavioral, neurochemical and synaptic plasticity perturbations during postnatal life of rats exposed to chloroquine in-utero. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 86:106982. [PMID: 33845156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.106982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite reports that quinoline antimalarials including chloroquine (Chq) exhibit idiosyncratic neuropsychiatric effects even at low doses, the drug continues to be in widespread use during pregnancy. Surprisingly, very few studies have examined the potential neurotoxic action of Chq exposure at different points of gestation or how this phenomenon may affect neurophysiological well-being in later life. We therefore studied behavior, and the expression of specific genes and neurochemicals modulating crucial neural processes in offspring of rats exposed to prophylactic dose of Chq during different stages of gestation. Pregnant rats were injected 5 mg/kg/day (3 times) of Chq either during early- (first week), mid- (second week), late- (third week), or throughout- (all weeks) gestation, while controls received PBS injection. Behavioral characterization of offspring between postnatal days 15-20 in the open field, Y-maze, elevated plus and elevated zero mazes revealed that Chq evoked anxiogenic responses and perturbed spatial memory in rats, although locomotor activity was generally unaltered. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and cerebellum of rats prenatally exposed to Chq, RT-qPCR analysis revealed decreased mRNA expression of presynaptic marker synaptophysin, which was accompanied by downregulation of postsynaptic marker PSD95. Synaptic marker PICK1 expression was also downregulated in the hippocampus but was unperturbed in the PFC and cerebellum. In addition to recorded SOD downregulation in cortical and hippocampal lysates, induction of oxidative stress in rats prenatally exposed to Chq was corroborated by lipid peroxidation as evinced by increased MDA levels. Offspring of rats infused with Chq at mid-gestation and weekly treatment throughout gestation were particularly susceptible to neurotoxic changes, especially in the hippocampus. Interestingly, Chq did not cause histopathological changes in any of the brain areas. Taken together, our findings causally link intrauterine exposure to Chq with postnatal behavioral impairment and neurotoxic changes in rats.
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Skeletal muscle heme oxygenase-1 activity regulates aerobic capacity. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109018. [PMID: 33882313 PMCID: PMC8196422 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise has profound effects on quality of life and susceptibility to chronic disease; however, the regulation of skeletal muscle function at the molecular level after exercise remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the benefits of exercise on muscle function are linked partly to microtraumatic events that result in accumulation of circulating heme. Effective metabolism of heme is controlled by Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1, Hmox1), and we find that mouse skeletal muscle-specific HO-1 deletion (Tam-Cre-HSA-Hmox1fl/fl) shifts the proportion of muscle fibers from type IIA to type IIB concomitant with a disruption in mitochondrial content and function. In addition to a significant impairment in running performance and response to exercise training, Tam-Cre-HSA-Hmox1fl/fl mice show remarkable muscle atrophy compared to Hmox1fl/fl controls. Collectively, these data define a role for heme and HO-1 as central regulators in the physiologic response of skeletal muscle to exercise.
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Gasmi A, Peana M, Noor S, Lysiuk R, Menzel A, Gasmi Benahmed A, Bjørklund G. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19: the never-ending story. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1333-1343. [PMID: 33515285 PMCID: PMC7847229 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract The anti-malarial drugs chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have been suggested as promising agents against the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that induces COVID-19 and as a possible therapy for shortening the duration of the viral disease. The antiviral effects of CQ and HCQ have been demonstrated in vitro due to their ability to block viruses like coronavirus SARS in cell culture. CQ and HCQ have been proposed to reduce immune reactions to infectious agents, inhibit pneumonia exacerbation, and improve lung imaging investigations. CQ analogs have also revealed the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in treating viral infections and related ailments. There was, moreover, convincing evidence from early trials in China about the efficacy of CQ and HCQ in the anti-COVID-19 procedure. Since then, research and studies have been massive to ascertain these drugs’ efficacy and safety in treating the viral disease. In the present review, we construct a synopsis of the main properties and current data concerning the metabolism of CQ/HCQ, which were the basis of assessing their potential therapeutic roles against the new coronavirus infection. The effective role of QC and HCQ in the prophylaxis and therapy of COVID-19 infection is discussed in light of the latest international medical-scientific research results. Key points • Data concerning metabolism and properties of CQ/HCQ are discussed. • The efficacy of CQ/HCQ against COVID-19 has been the subject of contradictory results. • CQ/HCQ has little or no effect in reducing mortality in SARS-CoV-2-affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Sadaf Noor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Toften 24, 8610, Mo i Rana, Norway.
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Gbotosho OT, Kapetanaki MG, Kato GJ. The Worst Things in Life are Free: The Role of Free Heme in Sickle Cell Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 11:561917. [PMID: 33584641 PMCID: PMC7873693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.561917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemolysis is a pathological feature of several diseases of diverse etiology such as hereditary anemias, malaria, and sepsis. A major complication of hemolysis involves the release of large quantities of hemoglobin into the blood circulation and the subsequent generation of harmful metabolites like labile heme. Protective mechanisms like haptoglobin-hemoglobin and hemopexin-heme binding, and heme oxygenase-1 enzymatic degradation of heme limit the toxicity of the hemolysis-related molecules. The capacity of these protective systems is exceeded in hemolytic diseases, resulting in high residual levels of hemolysis products in the circulation, which pose a great oxidative and proinflammatory risk. Sickle cell disease (SCD) features a prominent hemolytic anemia which impacts the phenotypic variability and disease severity. Not only is circulating heme a potent oxidative molecule, but it can act as an erythrocytic danger-associated molecular pattern (eDAMP) molecule which contributes to a proinflammatory state, promoting sickle complications such as vaso-occlusion and acute lung injury. Exposure to extracellular heme in SCD can also augment the expression of placental growth factor (PlGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), with important consequences to enthothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion and pulmonary hypertension, and potentially the development of renal and cardiac dysfunction. This review focuses on heme-induced mechanisms that are implicated in disease pathways, mainly in SCD. A special emphasis is given to heme-induced PlGF and IL-6 related mechanisms and their role in SCD disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwabukola T. Gbotosho
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Maria G. Kapetanaki
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gregory J. Kato
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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45
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Karnaukhova E, Owczarek C, Schmidt P, Schaer DJ, Buehler PW. Human Plasma and Recombinant Hemopexins: Heme Binding Revisited. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031199. [PMID: 33530421 PMCID: PMC7866118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma hemopexin (HPX) is the key antioxidant protein of the endogenous clearance pathway that limits the deleterious effects of heme released from hemoglobin and myoglobin (the term “heme” is used in this article to denote both the ferrous and ferric forms). During intra-vascular hemolysis, heme partitioning to protein and lipid increases as the plasma concentration of HPX declines. Therefore, the development of HPX as a replacement therapy during high heme stress could be a relevant intervention for hemolytic disorders. A logical approach to enhance HPX yield involves recombinant production strategies from human cell lines. The present study focuses on a biophysical assessment of heme binding to recombinant human HPX (rhHPX) produced in the Expi293FTM (HEK293) cell system. In this report, we examine rhHPX in comparison with plasma HPX using a systematic analysis of protein structural and functional characteristics related to heme binding. Analysis of rhHPX by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC)-HPLC, and catalase-like activity demonstrated a similarity to HPX fractionated from plasma. In particular, the titration of HPX apo-protein(s) with heme was performed for the first time using a wide range of heme concentrations to model HPX–heme interactions to approximate physiological conditions (from extremely low to more than two-fold heme molar excess over the protein). The CD titration data showed an induced bisignate CD Soret band pattern typical for plasma and rhHPX versions at low heme-to-protein molar ratios and demonstrated that further titration is dependent on the amount of protein-bound heme to the extent that the arising opposite CD couplet results in a complete inversion of the observed CD pattern. The data generated in this study suggest more than one binding site in both plasma and rhHPX. Furthermore, our study provides a useful analytical platform for the detailed characterization of HPX–heme interactions and potentially novel HPX fusion constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Karnaukhova
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (P.W.B.)
| | - Catherine Owczarek
- CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; (C.O.); (P.S.)
| | - Peter Schmidt
- CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; (C.O.); (P.S.)
| | - Dominik J. Schaer
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Paul W. Buehler
- Department of Pathology, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- The Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (P.W.B.)
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46
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Detsika MG, Lianos EA. Regulation of Complement Activation by Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in Kidney Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010060. [PMID: 33418934 PMCID: PMC7825075 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase is a cytoprotective enzyme with strong antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. Its cytoprotective role is mainly attributed to its enzymatic activity, which involves the degradation of heme to biliverdin with simultaneous release of carbon monoxide (CO). Recent studies uncovered a new cytoprotective role for heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by identifying a regulatory role on the complement control protein decay-accelerating factor. This is a key complement regulatory protein preventing dysregulation or overactivation of complement cascades that can cause kidney injury. Cell-specific targeting of HO-1 induction may, therefore, be a novel approach to attenuate complement-dependent forms of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Detsika
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, 10675 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-723552; Fax: +30-210-7239127
| | - Elias A. Lianos
- Thorax Foundation, Research Center of Intensive Care and Emergency Thoracic Medicine, 10675 Athens, Greece;
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Virginia Tech, Carilion School of Medicine, 1970 Roanoke Blvd, Salem, VA 24153, USA
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47
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Han H, Zhang J, Chen Y, Shen M, Yan E, Wei C, Yu C, Zhang L, Wang T. Dietary taurine supplementation attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress of broiler chickens at an early age. J Anim Sci 2021; 98:5909276. [PMID: 32954422 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of taurine as a prophylactic treatment on antioxidant function and inflammatory responses of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 256 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments with eight replicates of eight birds (eight birds per cage). Four treatment groups were designated as follows: 1) in the CON group, broilers fed a basal diet; 2) in the LPS group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet; 3) in the LPS + T1 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg taurine; and 4) in the LPS + T2 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 7.5 g/kg taurine. The LPS-challenged broilers were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg body weight (BW) of LPS at 16, 18, and 20 d of age, whereas the CON group received an injection of sterile saline. The results showed that broilers injected with LPS exhibited decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) and the 21-d BW (P < 0.05), while taurine supplementation alleviated the negative effects of LPS. Additionally, the LPS-induced increases (P < 0.05) in serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities were reversed by taurine supplementation. The taurines could alleviate the hepatic oxidative stress, with the presence of lower content of malondialdehyde (P < 0.05), higher content of glutathione (P < 0.05), and an increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P < 0.05). The concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the liver were measured by ELISA kits, and the result showed that dietary taurine supplementation prevented these cytokines increases in the liver of LPS-induced broilers. Taurine reduced the genes expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, whereas it boosted the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, and GSH-Px) in the liver of LPS-induced broilers. In conclusion, dietary taurine supplementation in broilers mitigated LPS-induced defects in ADG, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Enfa Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengheng Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiyun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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48
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Revel M, Dimitrov JD. Methods for Assessment of Interactions of Proteins with Heme: Application for Complement Proteins and Immunoglobulins. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2227:227-236. [PMID: 33847945 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1016-9_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heme (Fe protoporphyrin IX) serves as a prosthetic group of numerous proteins implicated in oxidative metabolism. This molecule is abundantly present in the red blood cells where it serves as a cofactor of hemoglobin. As consequence of various pathological conditions, the membrane of red blood cells can be damaged and therefore large quantities of hemoglobin and subsequently heme released in the extracellular space. Since heme is a highly reactive compound, when released extracelluarly it can influence the functional activity of different plasma components. Thus, previous investigations have demonstrated that heme can interact with components of complement system and immunoglobulins, profoundly affecting their functions. Here we propose two basic protocols that can be used for characterization of interaction of free heme with complement proteins and immunoglobulins. The first technique is based on UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy. It allows general characterization of the heme binding to the protein and estimation of the number of heme binding sites. The second protocol consists in the use of biosensor assay based on surface plasmon resonance. This protocol would be useful for evaluation of heme binding kinetics and equilibrium affinity. Besides for complement components and immunoglobulins, the presented protocols can be utilized for characterization of the interaction of heme with other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Revel
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Jordan D Dimitrov
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
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49
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Wijnsma KL, Veissi ST, de Wijs S, van der Velden T, Volokhina EB, Wagener FADTG, van de Kar NCAJ, van den Heuvel LP. Heme as Possible Contributing Factor in the Evolvement of Shiga-Toxin Escherichia coli Induced Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:547406. [PMID: 33414780 PMCID: PMC7783363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.547406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga-toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli hemolytic-uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is one of the most common causes of acute kidney injury in children. Stx-mediated endothelial injury initiates the cascade leading to thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), still the exact pathogenesis remains elusive. Interestingly, there is wide variability in clinical presentation and outcome. One explanation for this could be the enhancement of TMA through other factors. We hypothesize that heme, as released during extensive hemolysis, contributes to the etiology of TMA. Plasma levels of heme and its scavenger hemopexin and degrading enzyme heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured in 48 STEC-HUS patients. Subsequently, the effect of these disease-specific heme concentrations, in combination with Stx, was assessed on primary human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells (HGMVECs). Significantly elevated plasma heme levels up to 21.2 µM were found in STEC-HUS patients compared to controls and were inversely correlated with low or depleted plasma hemopexin levels (R2 −0.74). Plasma levels of HO-1 are significantly elevated compared to controls. Interestingly, especially patients with high heme levels (n = 12, heme levels above 75 quartile range) had high plasma HO-1 levels with median of 332.5 (86–720) ng/ml (p = 0.008). Furthermore, heme is internalized leading to a significant increase in reactive oxygen species production and stimulated both nuclear translocation of NF-κB and increased levels of its target gene (tissue factor). In conclusion, we are the first to show elevated heme levels in patients with STEC-HUS. These increased heme levels mediate endothelial injury by promoting oxidative stress and a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic state. Hence, heme may be a contributing and driving factor in the pathogenesis of STEC-HUS and could potentially amplify the cascade leading to TMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kioa L Wijnsma
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Susan T Veissi
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sem de Wijs
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Thea van der Velden
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Elena B Volokhina
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Frank A D T G Wagener
- Department of Dentistry-Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nicole C A J van de Kar
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - L P van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Development and Regeneration, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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50
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Alvarado G, Tóth A, Csősz É, Kalló G, Dankó K, Csernátony Z, Smith A, Gram M, Akerström B, Édes I, Balla G, Papp Z, Balla J. Heme-Induced Oxidation of Cysteine Groups of Myofilament Proteins Leads to Contractile Dysfunction of Permeabilized Human Skeletal Muscle Fibres. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218172. [PMID: 33142923 PMCID: PMC7663642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme released from red blood cells targets a number of cell components including the cytoskeleton. The purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of free heme (20–300 µM) on human skeletal muscle fibres made available during orthopedic surgery. Isometric force production and oxidative protein modifications were monitored in permeabilized skeletal muscle fibre segments. A single heme exposure (20 µM) to muscle fibres decreased Ca2+-activated maximal (active) force (Fo) by about 50% and evoked an approximately 3-fold increase in Ca2+-independent (passive) force (Fpassive). Oxidation of sulfhydryl (SH) groups was detected in structural proteins (e.g., nebulin, α-actinin, meromyosin 2) and in contractile proteins (e.g., myosin heavy chain and myosin-binding protein C) as well as in titin in the presence of 300 µM heme. This SH oxidation was not reversed by dithiothreitol (50 mM). Sulfenic acid (SOH) formation was also detected in the structural proteins (nebulin, α-actinin, meromyosin). Heme effects on SH oxidation and SOH formation were prevented by hemopexin (Hpx) and α1-microglobulin (A1M). These data suggest that free heme has a significant impact on human skeletal muscle fibres, whereby oxidative alterations in structural and contractile proteins limit contractile function. This may explain and or contribute to the weakness and increase of skeletal muscle stiffness in chronic heart failure, rhabdomyolysis, and other hemolytic diseases. Therefore, therapeutic use of Hpx and A1M supplementation might be effective in preventing heme-induced skeletal muscle alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Alvarado
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.A.); (A.T.)
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Attila Tóth
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.A.); (A.T.)
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Éva Csősz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (É.C.); (G.K.)
| | - Gergő Kalló
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (É.C.); (G.K.)
| | - Katalin Dankó
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Csernátony
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Ann Smith
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Missouri, MO 64110, USA;
| | - Magnus Gram
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Bo Akerström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Infection Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden;
| | - István Édes
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - György Balla
- Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Papp
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.A.); (A.T.)
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Correspondence: (Z.P.); (J.B.); Tel./Fax: +36-(52)-411717 (Z.P.); +36-(52)-413653 (J.B.)
| | - József Balla
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.A.); (A.T.)
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: (Z.P.); (J.B.); Tel./Fax: +36-(52)-411717 (Z.P.); +36-(52)-413653 (J.B.)
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