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Gerred K, Kapoor A. A fit-for-purpose validation of a commercial radioimmunoassay for measurement of human peripheral oxytocin. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101666. [PMID: 38434143 PMCID: PMC10907144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a peptide hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus and released into systemic circulation or other areas of the brain. Its physiological roles include action as a hormone with stimulation of uterine contractions and that as a neuromodulator with involvement in social behaviors and regulation of mood. Its small size and low levels within biological matrices make it challenging to accurately measure. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the specificity of the antibody, sensitivity, and reproducibility of the Phoenix Pharmaceuticals (PP) OT radioimmunoassay (RIA) for use in human urine, serum, and saliva. Specificity of the antibody was assessed by high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) separation and assay of the fractions. Immunoreactivity was evaluated using the percent OT bound, and the fraction retention times were compared to the retention time of an intact OT standard to determine which fractions contained OT in the extracted samples. Reproducibility was assessed by running replicates of pools of each biomatrix over several assays. Sensitivity was assessed by repeated measurement of physiologically relevant low-concentration specimens. In all tested specimens the greatest reactivity in assay corresponded to the same fraction(s) as the OT standard. Only minimal reactivity was found in the other fractions, suggesting that in an unfractionated sample the antibody reacts mostly with intact OT. Reproducibility was acceptable for all specimens and the coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 3.72 to 8.04% and 5.89-12.8%, for intra and inter-assay, respectively. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) were sufficient for measurement of normal values in urine (0.643 & 1.43 pg/mL), serum (1.90 pg/mL), and saliva pools (0.485 & 4.42 pg/mL). In conclusion, the PP OT RIA is specific and sensitive enough for reproducible measurement of intact OT in human peripheral biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan Gerred
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Amita Kapoor
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
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2
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Li S, Shi Y, Zhu J, Li J, Wang S, Liu C. Protective effect of oxytocin on vincristine-induced gastrointestinal dysmotility in mice. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1270612. [PMID: 38655179 PMCID: PMC11037254 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1270612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: Vincristine (VCR), an antineoplastic drug, induces peripheral neuropathy characterized by nerve damage, limiting its use and reducing the quality of life of patients. VCR causes myenteric neuron damage, inhibits gastrointestinal motility, and results in constipation or paralytic ileus in patients. Oxytocin (OT) is an endogenous neuropeptide produced by the enteric nerve system, which regulates gastrointestinal motility and exerts neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate whether OT can improve VCR-induced gastrointestinal dysmotility and evaluate the underlying mechanism. Methods: Mice were injected either with saline or VCR (0.1 mg/kg/d, i. p.) for 14 days, and OT (0.1 mg/kg/d, i.p.) was applied 1 h before each VCR injection. Gastrointestinal transit and the contractile activity of the isolated colonic segments were assessed. The concentration of OT in plasma was measured using ELISA. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to analyze myenteric neurons and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Furthermore, the indicators of oxidative stress were detected. The protein expressions of Nrf2, ERK1/2, P-ERK1/2, p38, and P-p38 in the colon were tested using Western blot. Results: VCR reduced gastrointestinal transit and the responses of isolated colonic segments to electrical field stimulation and decreased the amount of neurons. Furthermore, VCR reduced neuronal nitric oxide synthase and choline acetyltransferase immunopositive neurons in the colonic myenteric nerve plexus. VCR increased the concentration of OT in plasma. Exogenous OT pretreatment ameliorated the inhibition of gastrointestinal motility and the injury of myenteric neurons caused by VCR. OT pretreatment also prevented the decrease of superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione content, total antioxidative capacity, and Nrf2 expression, the increase of ROS levels, and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK following VCR treatment. Conclusion: Our results suggest that OT pretreatment can protect enteric neurons from VCR-induced injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and MAPK pathways (ERK1/2, p38). This may be the underlying mechanism by which it alleviates gastrointestinal dysmotility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuanglian Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanyong Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Provincial Key Lab of Mental Disorders, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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3
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Oubraim S, Shen RY, Haj-Dahmane S. Oxytocin excites dorsal raphe serotonin neurons and bidirectionally gates their glutamate synapses. iScience 2023; 26:106707. [PMID: 37250336 PMCID: PMC10214716 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) modulates wide spectrum of social and emotional behaviors via modulation of numerous neurotransmitter systems, including serotonin (5-HT). However, how OXT controls the function of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) 5-HT neurons remains unknown. Here, we reveal that OXT excites and alters the firing pattern of 5-HT neurons via activation of postsynaptic OXT receptors (OXTRs). In addition, OXT induces cell-type-specific depression and potentiation of DRN glutamate synapses by two retrograde lipid messengers, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and arachidonic acid (AA), respectively. Neuronal mapping demonstrates that OXT preferentially potentiates glutamate synapses of 5-HT neurons projecting to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and depresses glutamatergic inputs to 5-HT neurons projecting to lateral habenula (LHb) and central amygdala (CeA). Thus, by engaging distinct retrograde lipid messengers, OXT exerts a target-specific gating of glutamate synapses on the DRN. As such, our data uncovers the neuronal mechanisms by which OXT modulates the function of DRN 5-HT neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Oubraim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Roh-Yu Shen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- University at Buffalo Neuroscience Program, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Samir Haj-Dahmane
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- University at Buffalo Neuroscience Program, University at Buffalo, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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4
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Liu H, Muttenthaler M. High Oxytocin Receptor Expression Linked to Increased Cell Migration and Reduced Survival in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071595. [PMID: 35884900 PMCID: PMC9313263 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options and high mortality. The oxytocin receptor (OTR) is a class-A G protein-coupled receptor that has been linked to breast cancer, but its role in tumorigenesis and disease progression remains underexplored. OTR expression is highest in tumour-adjacent breast tissue, followed by normal and tumour tissue, indicating a potential role in the tumour microenvironment. OTR levels were higher in migrated MDA-MB-231 cells than in the control parental cells cultured in normal medium; OTR overexpression/knock-down and metastasis biomarker experiments revealed that high OTR expression enhanced metastasis capabilities. These findings align well with data from a murine breast cancer metastasis model, where metastasised tumours had higher OTR expression than the corresponding primary tumours, and high OTR expression also correlates to reduced survival in TNBC patients. OTR agonists/antagonists did not affect MDA-MB-231 cell migration, and pharmacological analysis revealed that the OT/OTR signalling was compromised. High OTR expression enhanced cell migration in an OTR ligand-independent manner, with the underlying mechanism linked to the EGF-mediated ERK1/2-RSK-rpS6 pathway. Taken together, high OTR expression seems to be involved in TNBC metastasis via increasing cell sensitivity to EGF. These results support a potential prognostic biomarker role of OTR and provide new mechanistic insights and opportunities for targeted treatment options for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Liu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3346-2985; Fax: +61-7-3346-2101
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Kobayashi A, Hamada M, Yoshida MA, Kobayashi Y, Tsutsui N, Sekiguchi T, Matsukawa Y, Maejima S, Gingell JJ, Sekiguchi S, Hamamoto A, Hay DL, Morris JF, Sakamoto T, Sakamoto H. Vasopressin-oxytocin-type signaling is ancient and has a conserved water homeostasis role in euryhaline marine planarians. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk0331. [PMID: 35245108 PMCID: PMC8896804 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Vasopressin/oxytocin (VP/OT)-related peptides are essential for mammalian antidiuresis, sociosexual behavior, and reproduction. However, the evolutionary origin of this peptide system is still uncertain. Here, we identify orthologous genes to those for VP/OT in Platyhelminthes, intertidal planarians that have a simple bilaterian body structure but lack a coelom and body-fluid circulatory system. We report a comprehensive characterization of the neuropeptide derived from this VP/OT-type gene, identifying its functional receptor, and name it the "platytocin" system. Our experiments with these euryhaline planarians, living where environmental salinities fluctuate due to evaporation and rainfall, suggest that platytocin functions as an "antidiuretic hormone" and also organizes diverse actions including reproduction and chemosensory-associated behavior. We propose that bilaterians acquired physiological adaptations to amphibious lives by such regulation of the body fluids. This neuropeptide-secreting system clearly became indispensable for life even without the development of a vascular circulatory system or relevant synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoshi Kobayashi
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
| | - Mayuko Hamada
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
| | - Masa-aki Yoshida
- Oki Marine Biological Station, Shimane University, 194 Kamo, Okinoshima, Oki, Shimane 685-0024, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Kobayashi
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
- Laboratory for Aquatic Biology, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Naoaki Tsutsui
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
- Department of Marine Bioresources, Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
- School of Biological Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yuta Matsukawa
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
| | - Sho Maejima
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
| | - Joseph J. Gingell
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., Milton Park, Abingdon OX11 4RW, UK
| | - Shoko Sekiguchi
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
| | - Ayumu Hamamoto
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Kita-ku, Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Debbie L. Hay
- School of Biological Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - John F. Morris
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetic, Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Tatsuya Sakamoto
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sakamoto
- Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Ushimado, Setouchi, Okayama 701-4303, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetic, Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
- Corresponding author.
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Behavioral Effects of Exposure to Phthalates in Female Rodents: Evidence for Endocrine Disruption? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052559. [PMID: 35269705 PMCID: PMC8910129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates have been widely studied for their reprotoxic effects in male rodents and in particular on testosterone production, for which reference doses were established. The female rodent brain can also represent a target for exposure to these environmental endocrine disruptors. Indeed, a large range of behaviors including reproductive behaviors, mood-related behaviors, and learning and memory are regulated by sex steroid hormones. Here we review the experimental studies addressing the effects and mechanisms of phthalate exposure on these behaviors in female rodents, paying particular attention to the experimental conditions (period of exposure, doses, estrous stage of analyses etc.). The objective of this review is to provide a clear picture of the consistent effects that can occur in female rodents and the gaps that still need to be filled in terms of effects and mode(s) of action for a better risk assessment for human health.
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7
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Leng G, Leng RI. Oxytocin: A citation network analysis of 10 000 papers. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13014. [PMID: 34328668 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the oxytocin system has been built over the last 70 years by the work of hundreds of scientists, reported in thousands of papers. Here, we construct a map to that literature, using citation network analysis in conjunction with bibliometrics. The map identifies ten major 'clusters' of papers on oxytocin that differ in their particular research focus and that densely cite papers from the same cluster. We identify highly cited papers within each cluster and in each decade, not because citations are a good indicator of quality, but as a guide to recognising what questions were of wide interest at particular times. The clusters differ in their temporal profiles and bibliometric features; here, we attempt to understand the origins of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Leng
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rhodri I Leng
- Department of Science, Technology and Innovation Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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8
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Perkinson MR, Kim JS, Iremonger KJ, Brown CH. Visualising oxytocin neurone activity in vivo: The key to unlocking central regulation of parturition and lactation. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13012. [PMID: 34289195 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
During parturition and lactation, oxytocin neurones in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei fire high-frequency bursts of action potentials that are coordinated across the entire population. Each burst generates a large pulse of oxytocin release into the circulation to induce uterine contraction for parturition and mammary duct contraction for milk ejection. Bursts are stimulated by cervical stretch during parturition and by suckling during lactation. However, the mechanisms by which these stimuli are translated into episodic bursts are poorly understood, as are the mechanisms that coordinate bursts across the oxytocin neurone population. An elegant series of experiments conducted in the 1980s and 1990s used serial paired recordings to show that oxytocin neurones do not act as a syncytium during bursts; rather, they start each burst within a few hundred milliseconds of each other but with no distinct "leaders" or "followers". In addition to afferent noradrenergic inputs that relay the systemic stimuli to oxytocin neurones, bursts depend on somato-dendritic oxytocin release within the hypothalamus. Hence, bursts are considered to be an emergent property of oxytocin neurones that is bootstrapped by appropriate afferent stimulation. Although much progress was made using traditional electrophysiological recordings in head-fixed anaesthetised animals, research has effectively stalled in the last few decades. However, the emergence of new technologies to monitor neuronal activity in freely-behaving animals has reinvigorated efforts to understand the biology underpinning burst firing in oxytocin neurones. Here, we report the use of fibre photometry to monitor the dynamics of milk ejection bursts in the oxytocin neurone population of freely-behaving mice. This approach will shed light on the neural mechanisms that control the oxytocin bursts underpinning parturition and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Perkinson
- Department of Physiology, Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joon S Kim
- Department of Physiology, Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Karl J Iremonger
- Department of Physiology, Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Colin H Brown
- Department of Physiology, Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Ogi A, Naef V, Santorelli FM, Mariti C, Gazzano A. Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Lactating Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113099. [PMID: 34827831 PMCID: PMC8614403 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oxytocin is commonly known for its role in mammalian bonding. Several studies have proved that polymorphisms of the oxytocin receptor gene are related to complex social behaviors in humans, but studies on the possible correlation between canine social behavior and oxytocin are mainly focused on the human–dog bond, and there are no data on the possible correlation between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism and the maternal behavior of this species. Since mother–litter interactions could have a severe impact in determining later behavior in domestic dogs, the aim of this work was to investigate the possible correlation between salivary oxytocin, maternal care and the one known single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs8679684) located in the untranslated regulatory region of the oxytocin receptor gene in 19 lactating Labrador Retriever dogs. A significant correlation between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism, peripheral oxytocin and maternal behavior in dogs was found. This implies that a more functional oxytocinergic system would lead to better mothering in dogs. Abstract Genetic variations in the oxytocinergic system, known to regulate social behavior throughout the evolution of mammals, are believed to account for differences in mammalian social behavior. Particularly, polymorphic variants of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene have been associated with behavioral variations in both humans and dogs. In this study, we offered evidence of the correlation between levels of salivary oxytocin (sOXT), maternal behavior and a single-nucleotide gene variant in OXTR (rs8679684) in nineteen lactating Labrador Retriever dogs. Carriers of at least one copy of the minor A allele showed higher levels of sOXT and maternal care in comparison with the homozygous T allele carriers. Considering the relevance of mother care in newborn development, these findings could help us to better understand the possible impact of variants in the OXTR gene in selecting dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asahi Ogi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.M.); (A.G.)
- Neurobiology and Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris, 56128 Calambrone, Italy; (V.N.); (F.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Naef
- Neurobiology and Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris, 56128 Calambrone, Italy; (V.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- Neurobiology and Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Stella Maris, 56128 Calambrone, Italy; (V.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Chiara Mariti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Angelo Gazzano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (C.M.); (A.G.)
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Ellis BJ, Horn AJ, Carter CS, van IJzendoorn MH, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ. Developmental programming of oxytocin through variation in early-life stress: Four meta-analyses and a theoretical reinterpretation. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 86:101985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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12
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The Regulation of Uterine Function During Parturition: an Update and Recent Advances. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:3-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Leu 8 and Pro 8 oxytocin agonism differs across human, macaque, and marmoset vasopressin 1a receptors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15480. [PMID: 31664130 PMCID: PMC6820730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) is an important neuromodulator of social behaviors via activation of both oxytocin receptors (OXTR) and vasopressin (AVP) 1a receptors (AVPR1a). Marmosets are neotropical primates with a modified OXT ligand (Pro8-OXT), and this ligand shows significant coevolution with traits including social monogamy and litter size. Pro8-OXT produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand (Leu8-OXT). Here, we tested whether OXT/AVP ligands show differential levels of crosstalk at primate AVPR1a. We measured binding affinities and Ca2+ signaling responses of AVP, Pro8-OXT and Leu8-OXT at human, macaque, and marmoset AVPR1a. We found that AVP binds with higher affinity than OXT across AVPR1a, and marmoset AVPR1a show a 10-fold lower OXT binding affinity compared to human and macaque AVPR1a. Both Leu8-OXT and Pro8-OXT produce a less efficacious response than AVP at human AVPR1a and higher efficacious response than AVP at marmoset AVPR1a. These data suggest that OXT might partially antagonize endogenous human AVPR1a signaling and enhance marmoset AVPR1a signaling. These findings aid in further understanding inconsistencies observed following systemic intranasal administration of OXT and provide important insights into taxon-specific differences in nonapeptide ligand/receptor coevolution and behavior.
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Gołyszny M, Obuchowicz E. Are neuropeptides relevant for the mechanism of action of SSRIs? Neuropeptides 2019; 75:1-17. [PMID: 30824124 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs of first choice in the therapy of moderate to severe depression and anxiety disorders. Their primary mechanism of action is via influence of the serotonergic (5-HT) system, but a growing amount of data provides evidence for other non-monoaminergic players in SSRI effects. It is assumed that neuropeptides, which play a role as neuromodulators in the CNS, are involved in their mechanism of action. In this review we focus on six neuropeptides: corticotropin-releasing factor - CRF, galanin - GAL, oxytocin - OT, vasopressin - AVP, neuropeptide Y - NPY, and orexins - OXs. First, information about their roles in depression and anxiety disorders are presented. Then, findings describing their interactions with the 5-HT system are summarized. These data provide background for analysis of the results of published preclinical and clinical studies related to SSRI effects on the neuropeptide systems. We also report findings showing how modulation of neuropeptide transmission influences behavioral and neurochemical effects of SSRIs. Finally, future research necessary for enriching our knowledge of SSRI mechanisms of action is proposed. Recognition of new molecular targets for antidepressants will have a significant effect on the development of novel therapeutic strategies for mood-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Gołyszny
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Obuchowicz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
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Choi D, Tsuchiya KJ, Takei N. Interaction effect of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) rs53576 genotype and maternal postpartum depression on child behavioural problems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7685. [PMID: 31118457 PMCID: PMC6531431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported interaction effects of oxytocin receptor genotype (rs53576) and environmental factors on mental health in youth. However, the findings are mixed, especially regarding the type of allele (i.e., A vs. G), and it remains unanswered whether such an interaction presents at an early stage of development. Thus, using a unique longitudinal birth cohort sample in Japan (n = 568), we examined whether there was an effect of the interaction between the OXTR rs53576 genotype and maternal postpartum depression, as an environmental risk, on behavioural problems in children. Child behavioural problems (internalising and externalising problems) were ascertained using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire when children were 6 years old. Maternal postpartum depression was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale when children were at 2 months and 10 months of age. The results revealed a significant effect in the interaction between OXTR rs53576 genotype and maternal postpartum depression on externalising problems in children with AA genotype (β = 0.136, 95% CI 0.032 to 0.240), but not in those with GG/GA genotype. This indicates that an interaction of vulnerable genotypes (i.e., A allele of OXTR rs53576) with an environmental burden (i.e. maternal postpartum depression) may be one of the potential elements that predisposes the infant to developing behavioural problems early in life. Hence, special attention needs to be paid to children exposed to environmental risks such as maternal postpartum depression, to facilitate the provision of appropriate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damee Choi
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kenji J Tsuchiya
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Nori Takei
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan. .,Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
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Effects of Oxytocin Administration on Oxidative Markers in the Temporal Lobe of Aged Rats. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-019-09785-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Hua S. Synthesis and in vitro characterization of oxytocin receptor targeted PEGylated immunoliposomes for drug delivery to the uterus. J Liposome Res 2019; 29:357-367. [PMID: 30526169 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2018.1556293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of therapeutics to the uterus is an important goal in the treatment of obstetric complications, such as preterm labour, postpartum hemorrhage, and dysfunctional labour. Current treatment for these obstetric complications is challenging, as there are limited effective and safe therapeutic options available. We have developed a targeted drug delivery system for the uterus by conjugating anti-oxytocin receptor (OTR) antibodies to the surface of PEGylated liposomes (OTR-PEG-ILs). The functionality of the OTR-PEG-ILs has previously been evaluated on human and murine myometrial tissues as well as in vivo in a murine model of preterm labour. The aim of this study was to report the pharmaceutical synthesis and characterization of the OTR-PEG-ILs and investigate their specific cellular interaction with OTR-expressing myometrial cells in vitro. Immunoliposomes composed of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-2-phosphocholine (DSPC) and cholesterol were prepared using an optimized method for the coupling of low concentrations of antibody to liposomes. The liposomes were characterized for particle size, antibody conjugation, drug encapsulation, liposome stability, specificity of binding, cellular internalization, mechanistic pathway of cellular uptake, and cellular toxicity. Cellular association studies demonstrated specific binding of OTR-PEG-ILs to OTRs and significant cellular uptake following binding. Evaluation of the mechanistic pathway of cellular uptake indicated that they undergo internalization through both clathrin- and caveolin-mediated mechanisms. Furthermore, cellular toxicity studies have shown no significant effect of OTR-PEG-ILs or the endocytotic inhibitors on cell viability. This study further supports oxytocin receptors as a novel pharmaceutical target for drug delivery to the uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hua
- Therapeutic Targeting Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute , New Lambton Heights , Australia
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18
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Anamthathmakula P, Kyathanahalli C, Ingles J, Hassan SS, Condon JC, Jeyasuria P. Estrogen receptor alpha isoform ERdelta7 in myometrium modulates uterine quiescence during pregnancy. EBioMedicine 2019; 39:520-530. [PMID: 30502052 PMCID: PMC6355643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating estrogen (E2) levels are high throughout pregnancy and increase towards term, however its local tissue specific actions vary across gestation. For example, myometrial E2 regulated uterotonic action is disabled until term, whereas it's proliferative function is maintained in the breast. We have identified gestationally regulated splicing events, mediated by hnRNPG and modulated by E2 that generate alternatively spliced estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) variants (ERΔ7 and ERα46) in the myometrium. These variants allow for differential, gestationally regulated, modulation of the uterotonic action of E2. METHODS Human myometrium isolated from preterm and term non-laboring and laboring pregnant women were analyzed for ERα isoforms and splice factor levels. Lentiviral mediated shRNA knockdown of hnRNPG and overexpression of ERΔ7 were performed in human myometrial (hTERT-HM) cells. Functional 3D collagen contraction assays were executed. FINDINGS ERΔ7 acts as a dominant negative repressor of the uterotonic action of ERα66 and ERα46 isoforms through the regulation of the myometrial gap junction protein GJA1. Elimination of hnRNPG inhibits the generation of ERΔ7 while overexpression of ERΔ7 inhibited GJA1 expression. Moreover in vivo human myometrial hnRNPG levels decline at term in an E2 dependent manner resulting in a withdrawal of ERΔ7 levels and its tocolytic action at term. INTERPRETATION Our findings implicate the unique role of ERΔ7 as a modulator of myometrial quiescence and define the mechanism of ERΔ7 generation, through hormonally regulated splicing events. FUND: This study was supported by NIH OPRU U01 supplement (HD047905), University of Pittsburgh and Wayne State University Perinatal Research Initiative (USA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Anamthathmakula
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Initiative, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Chandrashekara Kyathanahalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Initiative, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Judith Ingles
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Initiative, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Initiative, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer C Condon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Initiative, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Pancharatnam Jeyasuria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Initiative, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Sajadi M, Noroozzadeh M, Bagheripour F, Ramezani Tehrani F. Contractions in the Isolated Uterus of a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Compared to Controls in Adulthood. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2018; 16:e63135. [PMID: 30008759 PMCID: PMC6035367 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.63135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women during the reproductive age. Considering disorders reported in women with PCOS, e.g. infertility, pregnancy complications (premature delivery, caesarean section and spontaneous miscarriages), and hormonal disorders, we hypothesized that uterine contractions in PCOS rats may be different from controls. We aimed to compare uterine contractions in PCOS rats with controls. METHODS Rats in the experimental group were subcutaneously injected with 5 mg of free testosterone on gestational day 20, while controls received solvent. The contractions of isolated uterus in offspring of both groups were recorded by the power lab system, after exposure to carbachol and oxytocin. Two-way analysis of variance was used to compare results between 2 groups. RESULTS PCOS rats showed more irregular uterine contractions compared to controls. After exposure to carbachol, frequency, and resting tone in the PCOS rats were significantly increased compared to controls (P = 0.004, P = 0.02, respectively). After exposure to oxytocin, the frequency, resting tone and amplitude of rhythmic contractions did not differ between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates irregular uterine contractions and different mechanical responses of isolated uterus in PCOS rats compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sajadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Noroozzadeh
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bagheripour
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author: Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani, 23 Parvaneh, Yaman St, Velenjak, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-2122432500, Fax: +98-2122416264, E-mail:
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Lee JH, Zhang JY, Wei ZZ, Yu SP. Impaired social behaviors and minimized oxytocin signaling of the adult mice deficient in the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor GluN3A subunit. Exp Neurol 2018; 305:1-12. [PMID: 29554474 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases, such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), whose unique clinical hallmark is a constellation of impaired social and/or cognitive behaviors. GluN3A (NR3A) is a unique inhibitory subunit in the NMDAR complex. The role of GluN3A in social behavioral activities is obscure. In this study, we sought to evaluate altered social activities in adult GluN3A knockout (KO) mice. GluN3A KO mice spent less time in reciprocal social interaction in the social interaction test compared to wild-type (WT) mice. A social approach test using a three-chamber system confirmed that mice lacking GluN3A had lower sociability and did not exhibit a preference for social novelty. GluN3A KO mice displayed abnormal food preference in the social transmission of food preference task and low social interaction activity in the five-trial social memory test, but without social memory deficits. Using a home cage monitoring system, we observed reduced social grooming behavior in GluN3A KO mice. Signaling genes that might mediate the altered social behaviors were examined in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. Among nine genes examined, the expression of the oxytocin receptor was significantly lower in the prefrontal cortex of GluN3A KO mice than that in WT mice. Oxytocin treatment rescued social activity deficits in GluN3A KO mice. These findings support a novel idea that a chronic state of moderate increases in NMDAR activities may lead to downregulation of the oxytocin signaling and impaired behavioral activities that are seen in psychiatric/neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hwan Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - James Ya Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zheng Zachory Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA.
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21
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Augustine RA, Seymour AJ, Campbell RE, Grattan DR, Brown CH. Integrative neuro-humoral regulation of oxytocin neuron activity in pregnancy and lactation. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30. [PMID: 29323764 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin is required for normal birth and lactation. Oxytocin is synthesised by hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei neurons and is released into the circulation from the posterior pituitary gland. Under basal conditions, circulating oxytocin levels are relatively constant but during birth and lactation, pulsatile oxytocin release triggers rhythmic contraction of the uterus during birth and milk ejection during suckling. Oxytocin levels are principally determined by the pattern of action potential firing that is, in turn, determined by the interplay between the intrinsic properties of the oxytocin neurons, regulation of their excitability by surrounding glia as well as by synaptic drive from their afferent inputs. During birth and suckling, oxytocin neurons fire high-frequency bursts of action potentials that are coordinated across the population of neurons and these bursts underpin the pulsatile secretion of oxytocin required for normal birth and lactation. Neuroglial regulation of oxytocin neurons changes during pregnancy to favour burst firing. However, these changes still require afferent input activity to drive activity. While it has long been known that noradrenergic inputs to oxytocin neurons are activated during birth and lactation, the involvement of other afferent inputs is less clear. Here, we provide a brief overview of the current understanding of the mechanisms that regulate oxytocin neuron activity during pregnancy and lactation, and focus on recent evidence from our laboratory identifying an input that increases kisspeptin production to excite oxytocin neurons in late pregnancy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Augustine
- Department of Physiology Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology
| | - Alexander J Seymour
- Department of Physiology Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology
| | - Rebecca E Campbell
- Department of Physiology Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology
| | - David R Grattan
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Colin H Brown
- Department of Physiology Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology
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22
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Mammalian nonapeptides activate territorial behavior in an amphibian. Physiol Behav 2017; 179:220-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Smith JE, Petelle MB, Jerome EL, Cristofari H, Blumstein DT. Oxytocin Experiments Shed Light on Mechanisms Shaping Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviors in Non-human Mammals. Integr Comp Biol 2017; 57:619-630. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icx091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Reinl EL, Goodwin ZA, Raghuraman N, Lee GY, Jo EY, Gezahegn BM, Pillai MK, Cahill AG, de Guzman Strong C, England SK. Novel oxytocin receptor variants in laboring women requiring high doses of oxytocin. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:214.e1-214.e8. [PMID: 28456503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although oxytocin commonly is used to augment or induce labor, it is difficult to predict its effectiveness because oxytocin dose requirements vary significantly among women. One possibility is that women requiring high or low doses of oxytocin have variations in the oxytocin receptor gene. OBJECTIVES To identify oxytocin receptor gene variants in laboring women with low and high oxytocin dosage requirements. STUDY DESIGN Term, nulliparous women requiring oxytocin doses of ≤4 mU/min (low-dose-requiring, n = 83) or ≥20 mU/min (high-dose-requiring, n = 104) for labor augmentation or induction provided consent to a postpartum blood draw as a source of genomic DNA. Targeted-amplicon sequencing (coverage >30×) with MiSeq (Illumina) was performed to discover variants in the coding exons of the oxytocin receptor gene. Baseline relevant clinical history, outcomes, demographics, and oxytocin receptor gene sequence variants and their allele frequencies were compared between low-dose-requiring and high-dose-requiring women. The Scale-Invariant Feature Transform algorithm was used to predict the effect of variants on oxytocin receptor function. The Fisher exact or χ2 tests were used for categorical variables, and Student t tests or Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for continuous variables. A P value < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The high-dose-requiring women had greater rates of obesity and diabetes and were more likely to have undergone labor induction and required prostaglandins. High-dose-requiring women were more likely to undergo cesarean delivery for first-stage arrest and less likely to undergo cesarean delivery for nonreassuring fetal status. Targeted sequencing of the oxytocin receptor gene in the total cohort (n = 187) revealed 30 distinct coding variants: 17 nonsynonymous, 11 synonymous, and 2 small structural variants. One novel variant (A243T) was found in both the low- and high-dose-requiring groups. Three novel variants (Y106H, A240_A249del, and P197delfs*206) resulting in an amino acid substitution, loss of 9 amino acids, and a frameshift stop mutation, respectively, were identified only in low-dose-requiring women. Nine nonsynonymous variants were unique to the high-dose-requiring group. These included 3 known variants (R151C, G221S, and W228C) and 6 novel variants (M133V, R150L, H173R, A248V, G253R, and I266V). Of these, R150L, R151C, and H173R were predicted by Scale-Invariant Feature Transform algorithm to damage oxytocin receptor function. There was no statistically significant association between the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions in the patient groups. CONCLUSION Obesity, diabetes, and labor induction were associated with the requirement for high doses of oxytocin. We did not identify significant differences in the prevalence of oxytocin receptor variants between low-dose-requiring and high-dose-requiring women, but novel oxytocin receptor variants were enriched in the high-dose-requiring women. We also found 3 oxytocin receptor variants (2 novel, 1 known) that were predicted to damage oxytocin receptor function and would likely increase an individual's risk for requiring a high oxytocin dose. Further investigation of oxytocin receptor variants and their effects on protein function will inform precision medicine in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Reinl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Zane A Goodwin
- Division of Dermatology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Center for the Study of Itch, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nandini Raghuraman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Grace Y Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Erin Y Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Beakal M Gezahegn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Meghan K Pillai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alison G Cahill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Cristina de Guzman Strong
- Division of Dermatology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Center for the Study of Itch, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sarah K England
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
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Kim SH, Bennett PR, Terzidou V. Advances in the role of oxytocin receptors in human parturition. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 449:56-63. [PMID: 28119132 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a neurohypophysial hormone which has been found to play a central role in the regulation of human parturition. The most established role of oxytocin/oxytocin receptor (OT/OTR) system in human parturition is the initiation of uterine contractions, however, recent evidence have demonstrated that it may have a more complex role including initiation of inflammation, regulation of miRNA expression, as well as mediation of other non-classical oxytocin actions via receptor crosstalk with other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In this review we highlight both established and newly emerging roles of OT/OTR system in human parturition and discuss the expanding potential for OTRs as pharmacological targets in the management of preterm labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hye Kim
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Vasso Terzidou
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK; Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, UK.
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26
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Saito R, Sonoda S, Ueno H, Motojima Y, Yoshimura M, Maruyama T, Hashimoto H, Tanaka K, Yamamoto Y, Kusuhara K, Ueta Y. Involvement of central nesfatin-1 neurons on oxytocin-induced feeding suppression in rats. Neurosci Lett 2017; 655:54-60. [PMID: 28684238 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral anorectic hormones, such as peptide YY (PYY) and oxytocin (OXT), suppress food intake. A newly identified anorectic neuropeptide, nesfatin-1, is synthesized in both peripheral tissue and the central nervous system, particularly by various nuclei in the hypothalamus and brainstem. Here, we examined the effects of intraperitoneal (ip) administration of PYY3-36, OXT, and OXT analog, on nesfatin-1-immunoreactive (ir) neurons in the rat hypothalamus and brainstem, using Fos double fluorescence-immunohistochemistry. The ip administration of OXT and OXT analog significantly increased the number of nesfatin-1-ir neurons expressing Fos-ir in the paraventricular nucleus, the arcuate nucleus, and the nucleus tractus solitarius, but not in the supraoptic nucleus, the lateral hypothalamic area, and the area postrema. No differences in the percentage of nesfatin-1-ir neurons expressing Fos in the nuclei of the hypothalamus and brainstem were observed, between rats treated with vehicle or those treated with PYY3-36. The decreased food intake, induced by OXT and OXT analog, was attenuated significantly by pretreatment with intracerebroventricular administration of antisense nesfatin-1. These results suggested that nesfatin-1-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus and brainstem may play a role in sensing the peripheral level of OXT and its suppression of feeding in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Saito
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Satomi Sonoda
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ueno
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Motojima
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hashimoto
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yukiyo Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
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Harbi S, Park H, Gregory M, Lopez P, Chiriboga L, Mignatti P. Arrested Development: Infantile Hemangioma and the Stem Cell Teratogenic Hypothesis. Lymphat Res Biol 2017; 15:153-165. [PMID: 28520518 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2016.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life programming is defined by the adaptive changes made by the fetus in response to an adverse in utero environment. Infantile hemangioma (IH), a vascular anomaly, is the most common tumor of infancy. Here we take IH as the tumor model to propose the stem cell teratogenic hypothesis of tumorigenesis and the potential involvement of the immune system. OBJECTIVES Teratogenic agents include chemicals, heavy metals, pathogens, and ionizing radiation. To investigate the etiology and pathogenesis of IH, we hypothesized that they result from a teratogenic mechanism. Immature, incompletely differentiated, dysregulated progenitor cells (multipotential stem cells) are arrested in development with vasculogenic, angiogenic, and tumorigenic potential due to exposure to teratogenic agents such as extrinsic factors that disrupt intrinsic factors via molecular mimicry. During the critical period of immunological tolerance, environmental exposure to immunotoxic agents may harness the teratogenic potential in the developing embryo or fetus and modify the early-life programming algorithm by altering normal fetal development, causing malformations, and inducing tumorigenesis. Specifically, exposure to environmental agents may interfere with physiological signaling pathways and contribute to the generation of IH, by several mechanisms. DISCUSSION An adverse in utero environment no longer serves as a sustainable environment for proper embryogenesis and normal development. Targeted disruption of stem cells by extrinsic factors can alter the genetic program. CONCLUSIONS This article offers new perspectives to stimulate discussion, explore novel experimental approaches (such as immunotoxicity/vasculotoxicity assays and novel isogenic models), and to address the questions raised to convert the hypotheses into nontoxic, noninvasive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Park
- 2 Department of Epidemiology, University of California , Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California
| | - Michael Gregory
- 3 Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine , New York, New York
| | - Peter Lopez
- 3 Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine , New York, New York
| | - Luis Chiriboga
- 3 Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine , New York, New York
| | - Paolo Mignatti
- 4 Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine , New York, New York.,5 Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine , New York, New York
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Szeto A, Sun-Suslow N, Mendez AJ, Hernandez RI, Wagner KV, McCabe PM. Regulation of the macrophage oxytocin receptor in response to inflammation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E183-E189. [PMID: 28049625 PMCID: PMC5374296 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00346.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation in macrophages. In the current study, we examined the role of inflammation on the expression of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR). We hypothesized that OXTR expression is increased during the inflammation through a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated pathway, thus responding as an acute-phase protein. Inflammation was induced by treating macrophages (human primary, THP-1, and murine) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and monitored by expression of IL-6. Expression of OXTR and vasopressin receptors was assessed by qPCR, and OXTR expression was confirmed by immunoblotting. Inflammation upregulated OXTR transcription 10- to 250-fold relative to control in THP-1 and human primary macrophages and increased OXTR protein expression. In contrast, vasopressin receptor-2 mRNA expression was reduced following LPS treatment. Blocking NF-κB activation prevented the increase in OXTR transcription. OT treatment of control cells and LPS-treated cells increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation, demonstrating activation of the OXTR/Gαq/11 signaling pathway. OT activation of OXTR reduced secretion of IL-6 in LPS-activated macrophages. Collectively, these findings suggest that OXTR is an acute-phase protein and that its increased expression is regulated by NF-κB and functions to attenuate cellular inflammatory responses in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Szeto
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida; and
| | - Ni Sun-Suslow
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida; and
| | - Armando J Mendez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Rosa I Hernandez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Klaus V Wagner
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida; and
| | - Philip M McCabe
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida; and
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Al-Rawashdeh A, Kasabri V, Bulatova N, Akour A, Zayed A, Momani M, Khawaja N, Bustanji H, Hyasat D. The correlation between plasma levels of oxytocin and betatrophin in non-diabetic and diabetic metabolic syndrome patients: A cross sectional study from Jordan. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11:59-67. [PMID: 27578619 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OXT) is a neurohypophyseal hormone that has been recently shown to possess a number of beneficial effects in diabetes and obesity. Betatrophin is a protein expressed in fat and liver that regulates lipid metabolism and promotes pancreatic β-cell proliferation. It is not investigated yet whether OXT and betatrophin levels correlate in metabolic syndrome (MS) or diabetes patients. METHODS The aim was to assess correlations between plasma betatrophin and OXT levels in MS-diabetic or prediabetic (N=89) as compared to MS-non-diabetic (N=69) patients. Competitive binding ELISA was used to evaluate betatrophin and OXT plasma concentrations. Correlations of the above biomarkers and patient clinical characteristics were also detected. RESULTS As compared to the control MS participants (0.32±0.25ng/mL); betatrophin plasma levels were increased (P<0.001) in the MS-pre/T2DM patients (1.23±0.68ng/mL). On the contrary, OXT concentrations were decreased (P<0.001) in the MS-pre/T2DM patients (1222.46±514.55pg/mL) as compared to the MS control subjects (2323.42±848.68pg/mL). OXT concentration correlated negatively (r=-0.492, P<0.001), while HbA1c and FPG correlated positively with betatrophin plasma levels (P<0.001), but were inversely correlated with OXT levels (P<0.001) in the total sample. CONCLUSION Betatrophin levels are increased, while OXT levels are decreased in MS-pre/T2DM. We found an inverse correlation between the levels of the two biomarkers in addition to correlation between their levels and the degree of glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Al-Rawashdeh
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan; Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan
| | - Violet Kasabri
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan; Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Nailya Bulatova
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan; Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amal Akour
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan; Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayman Zayed
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan; Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan
| | - Munther Momani
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan; Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11942, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nahla Khawaja
- National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Queen Rania Street, ox Amman 13165, Jordan
| | - Haider Bustanji
- National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Queen Rania Street, ox Amman 13165, Jordan
| | - Dana Hyasat
- National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Queen Rania Street, ox Amman 13165, Jordan
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Endogenous Testosterone and Exogenous Oxytocin Modulate Attentional Processing of Infant Faces. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166617. [PMID: 27861588 PMCID: PMC5115757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that hormones modulate the intensity of maternal care. Oxytocin is known for its positive influence on maternal behavior and its important role for childbirth. In contrast, testosterone promotes egocentric choices and reduces empathy. Further, testosterone decreases during parenthood which could be an adaptation to increased parental investment. The present study investigated the interaction between testosterone and oxytocin in attentional control and their influence on attention to baby schema in women. Higher endogenous testosterone was expected to decrease selective attention to child portraits in a face-in-the-crowd-paradigm, while oxytocin was expected to counteract this effect. As predicted, women with higher salivary testosterone were slower in orienting attention to infant targets in the context of adult distractors. Interestingly, reaction times to infant and adult stimuli decreased after oxytocin administration, but only in women with high endogenous testosterone. These results suggest that oxytocin may counteract the adverse effects of testosterone on a central aspect of social behavior and maternal caretaking.
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Yulia A, Singh N, Lei K, Sooranna SR, Johnson MR. Cyclic AMP Effectors Regulate Myometrial Oxytocin Receptor Expression. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4411-4422. [PMID: 27673556 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The factors that initiate human labor are poorly understood. We have tested the hypothesis that a decline in cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) function leads to the onset of labor. Initially, we identified myometrial cAMP/PKA-responsive genes (six up-regulated and five down-regulated genes) and assessed their expression in myometrial samples taken from different stages of pregnancy and labor. We found that the oxytocin receptor (OTR) was one of the cAMP-repressed genes, and, given the importance of OTR in the labor process, we studied the mechanisms involved in greater detail using small interfering RNA, chemical agonists, and antagonists of the cAMP effectors. We found that cAMP-repressed genes, including OTR, increased with the onset of labor. Our in vitro studies showed that cAMP acting via PKA reduced OTR expression but that in the absence of PKA, cAMP acts via exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) to increase OTR expression. In early labor myometrial samples, PKA levels and activity declined and Epac1 levels increased, perhaps accounting for the increase in myometrial OTR mRNA and protein levels at this time. In vitro exposure of myometrial cells to stretch and IL-1β increased OTR levels and reduced basal and forskolin-stimulated cAMP and PKA activity, as judged by phospho-cAMP response element-binding protein levels, but neither stretch nor IL-1β had any effect on PKA or EPAC1 levels. In summary, there is a reduction in the activity of the cAMP/PKA pathway with the onset of human labor potentially playing a critical role in regulating OTR expression and the transition from myometrial quiescence to activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Yulia
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom; and Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Singh
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom; and Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Kaiyu Lei
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom; and Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Suren R Sooranna
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom; and Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom; and Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.Y., N.S., K.L., S.R.S., M.R.J.), London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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Chatterjee O, Patil K, Sahu A, Gopalakrishnan L, Mol P, Advani J, Mukherjee S, Christopher R, Prasad TSK. An overview of the oxytocin-oxytocin receptor signaling network. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 10:355-360. [PMID: 27624619 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin, a nine amino acid long neuropeptide hormone, is synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored and released from the neural lobe of the pituitary gland. Although commonly known for its central role in the regulation of parturition and lactation, oxytocin signaling also plays a key role in modulating social behavior, evoking contentment, initiating maternal behavior, inducing trust, generosity and bonding in humans and animals. Oxytocin signaling can prove to be of great importance in therapeutics and drug targeting because of its diverse range of actions. However, a well annotated map of oxytocin signaling pathway is currently lacking in the publicly available pathway resources. Therefore, we systematically curated the available signaling information of oxytocin from published literature and collated the data to develop a more complete map. We cataloged 66 molecules belonging to oxytocin signaling pathway, which included 9 protein-protein interactions, 39 post-translational modifications, 14 protein translocation events and 22 activation/inhibition events. Further, Oxytocin signaling network data is made freely available to academic fraternity by integrating this into NetPath ( http://www.netpath.org /), a freely available human signaling pathway resource developed previously by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oishi Chatterjee
- International Technology Park, Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Krutika Patil
- Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Apeksha Sahu
- International Technology Park, Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, 560066, India
- Bioinformatics Centre, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | | | - Praseeda Mol
- International Technology Park, Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Jayshree Advani
- International Technology Park, Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, 560066, India
- Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, 576 104, India
| | - Srabani Mukherjee
- Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Rita Christopher
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- International Technology Park, Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, 560066, India.
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575018, India.
- NIMHANS-IOB Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, 560029, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. F. Mitchell
- Perinatal Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Birgit Schmid
- Perinatal Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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LoParo D, Johansson A, Walum H, Westberg L, Santtila P, Waldman I. Rigorous tests of gene-environment interactions in a lab study of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR), alcohol exposure, and aggression. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:589-602. [PMID: 26250573 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Naturalistic studies of gene-environment interactions (G X E) have been plagued by several limitations, including difficulty isolating specific environmental risk factors from other correlated aspects of the environment, gene-environment correlation (rGE ), and the use of a single genetic variant to represent the influence of a gene. We present results from 235 Finnish young men in two lab studies of aggression and alcohol challenge that attempt to redress these limitations of the extant G X E literature. Specifically, we use a latent variable modeling approach in an attempt to more fully account for genetic variation across the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and to robustly test its main effects on aggression and its interaction with alcohol exposure. We also modeled aggression as a latent variable comprising various indices, including the average and maximum levels of aggression, the earliest trial on which aggression was expressed, and the proportion of trials on which the minimum and maximum levels of aggression were expressed. The best fitting model for the genetic variation across OXTR included six factors derived from an exploratory factor analysis, roughly corresponding to six haplotype blocks. Aggression levels were higher on trials in which participants were administered alcohol, won, or were provoked. There was a significant main effect of OXTR on aggression across studies after controlling for covariates. The interaction of OXTR and alcohol was also significant across studies, such that OXTR had stronger effects on aggression in the alcohol administration condition. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon LoParo
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Walum
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lars Westberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Irwin Waldman
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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35
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Vaidyanathan R, Hammock EA. Oxytocin receptor dynamics in the brain across development and species. Dev Neurobiol 2016; 77:143-157. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Vaidyanathan
- Department of Psychology; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University; Tallahassee FL
| | - Elizabeth A.D. Hammock
- Department of Psychology; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University; Tallahassee FL
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36
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Porta F, Mussa A, Baldassarre G, Perduca V, Farina D, Spada M, Ponzone A. Genealogy of breastfeeding. Eur J Pediatr 2016; 175:105-12. [PMID: 26264144 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-015-2605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Decline and resurgence of breastfeeding (BF) characterized last century. Several factors influencing BF outcome were identified. Despite the huge literature on BF, no data on its matrilineal transmission are available. BF practice was prospectively followed in 2546 Italian mothers. Lactation and BF outcome were related, besides to known factors interfering with BF, to the occurrence of previous maternal and paternal BF. Recalls of grandmaternal and grand-grandmaternal BF behaviours allowed the construction of familiar pedigrees of BF across three generations. Having been breastfed was the strongest factor addressing successful BF establishment (odds ratio (OR) 9.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.40-11.84; p < 0.0001) and BF duration (at 6 months: OR 3.79; 95% CI 3.11-4.64; p < 0.0001). The hazard ratio for breastfed vs non-breastfed mothers was 0.46 (95% CI 0.41-0.50; log-rank p < 0.0001). The rate of BF failures was fivefold higher in non-breastfed mothers, mostly occurring during lactogenesis when the let-down reflex becomes essential. CONCLUSION At any generation, mothers are likely to have daughters repeating their BF experience. Differently from the intergenerational effects of environmental factors responsible for the BF secular trend, this trait is transgenerationally transmitted and reversible, with temporal and clinical features of lactation failure. Accordingly, we speculate that epigenetic mechanisms might alter offspring's oxytocinergic receptor signalling. WHAT IS KNOWN Several cultural and socio-demographic factors are known to influence breastfeeding outcome. The generational effects of breastfeeding itself have not been investigated so far. WHAT IS NEW Maternal breastfeeding is the most important factor addressing daughters' breastfeeding outcome. This behavior is transmitted transgenerationally, with features suggesting epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Porta
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mussa
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Baldassarre
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- Laboratoire MAP5, Université Paris Descartes and CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Daniele Farina
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Marco Spada
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Alberto Ponzone
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Kim SH, MacIntyre DA, Firmino Da Silva M, Blanks AM, Lee YS, Thornton S, Bennett PR, Terzidou V. Oxytocin activates NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways in human gestational tissues. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 403:64-77. [PMID: 25451977 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human labour, both at term and preterm, is preceded by NF-κB-mediated inflammatory activation within the uterus, leading to myometrial activation, fetal membrane remodelling and cervical ripening. The stimuli triggering inflammatory activation in normal human parturition are not fully understood. We show that the neurohypophyseal peptide, oxytocin (OT), activates NF-κB and stimulates downstream inflammatory pathways in human gestational tissues. OT stimulation (1 pM-100 nM) specifically via its receptor (OTR) in human myometrial and amnion primary cells led to MAPK and NF-κB activation within 15 min and maximal p65-subunit nuclear translocation within 30 min. Both in human myometrium and amnion, OT-induced activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway upregulated key inflammatory labour-associated genes including IL-8, CCL5, IL-6 and COX-2. IKKβ inhibition (TPCA1; 10 µM) suppressed OT-induced NF-κB-p65 phosphorylation, whereas p65-siRNA knockdown reduced basal and OT-induced COX-2 levels in myometrium and amnion. In both gestational tissues, MEK1/2 (U0126; 10 µM) or p38 inhibition (SB203580; 10 µM) suppressed OT-induced COX-2 expression, but OT-induced p65-phosphorylation was only inhibited in amnion, suggesting OT activation of NF-κB in amnion is MAPK-dependent. Our data provide new insight into the OT/OTR system in human parturition and suggest that its therapeutic modulation could be a strategy for regulating both contractile and inflammatory pathways in the clinical context of term/preterm labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hye Kim
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Firmino Da Silva
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Blanks
- University of Warwick, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, UHCW, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom
| | - Yun S Lee
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Thornton
- University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Vasso Terzidou
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom.
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38
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Klahr AM, Klump K, Burt SA. A constructive replication of the association between the oxytocin receptor genotype and parenting. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2015; 29:91-9. [PMID: 25419912 PMCID: PMC4461003 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral genetic studies have robustly indicated that parenting behaviors are heritable-that is, individual differences in parenting are at least partially a function of genetic differences between persons. Few studies, however, have sought to identify the specific genetic variants that are associated with individual differences in parenting. Genes that influence the oxytocin system are of particular interest, given the growing body of evidence that points to the role of oxytocin for social behaviors, including parenting. The current study conducted examinations of associations between a variant in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR rs53576) and parental warmth, control, and negativity in a sample of 1,000 twin children and their parents (N = 500 families) from the Michigan State University Twin Registry to constructively replicate and extend prior work (Bakermans-Kranenburg & van IJzendoorn, 2008; Michalska et al., 2014). Analyses were conducted both at the level of the child and the level of the parent, allowing us to examine both child-driven (via evocative gene-environment correlation) and parent-driven genetic effects on parenting. Mothers' OXTR genotype predicted her warmth toward her children, even after controlling for child genotype. This association was not found for fathers. These findings add to the growing body of evidence linking oxytocin functioning to parental behavior and also highlight potential etiological differences in parenting across mothers and fathers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University
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Sheldon RE, Shmygol A, Van Den Berg HA, Blanks AM. Functional and morphological development of the womb throughout life. Sci Prog 2015; 98:103-27. [PMID: 26288915 PMCID: PMC10365438 DOI: 10.3184/003685015x14308363103415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The uterus undergoes changes throughout a woman's life, beginning with her own embryonic development when she is still in the womb, commencing a monthly cycle at the onset of adulthood, and undergoing dramatic changes during pregnancy and parturition. The impact of preterm labour and other perinatal health problems is significant, both in human and financial terms; therefore the study of the physiological and regulatory changes which the uterus undergoes can be of enormous potential benefit. Here we briefly review the current state of knowledge, with an emphasis on the importance of changes in connectivity in the uterine smooth muscle cell network and on recent mathematical modelling work aimed at elucidating the role of spatial heterogeneity in this connected network.
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Olcese J, Beesley S. Clinical significance of melatonin receptors in the human myometrium. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:329-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Thota C, Laknaur A, Farmer T, Ladson G, Al-Hendy A, Ismail N. Vitamin D regulates contractile profile in human uterine myometrial cells via NF-κB pathway. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 210:347.e1-347.e10. [PMID: 24262718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Infection triggers inflammation that, in turn, enhances the expression of contractile-associated factors in myometrium and increases the risk of preterm delivery. In this study, we assessed vitamin D regulation of inflammatory markers, contractile-associated factors, steroid hormone receptors, and NFκB pathway proteins in human uterine myometrial smooth muscle (UtSM) cells that were cultured in an inflammatory environment. STUDY DESIGN Inflammatory environment was simulated for UtSM cells by coculturing them with monocyte lineage (THP1) cells. We measured the expression of inflammatory markers, contractile-associated factors, steroid hormone receptors, and NFκB pathway proteins in UtSM cells that were cultured with THP1 cells in the presence and absence of vitamin D by real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Monocytes secreted monocyte inflammatory protein-1α and -1β, interleukin (IL)-1β and 6, and tumor necrosis factor-α into the conditioned medium. In the UtSM cells that had been cocultured with THP1 cells, there was a significant (P < .05) increase in the expression of inflammatory markers IL-1β, -6, and -13 and tumor necrosis factor-α; the contractile-associated factors connexin-43, Cox-2, and prostaglandin F2α receptor; the estrogen receptor α, and progesterone receptors A and B. Vitamin D treatment of cocultures decreased (P < .05) the expression of inflammatory markers and contractile-associated factors in UtSM cells. Similarly, vitamin D decreased estrogen receptor α and progesterone receptors A-to-B ratio in UtSM cells that were cocultured with THP1 cells. In addition, vitamin D treatment significantly (P < .05) decreased monocyte-induced p-IκBα in cytosol and NFκB-p65 in the nucleus and increased IκBα in cytosol in UtSM cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that vitamin D treatment decreases inflammation-induced cytokines and contractile-associated factors in the uterine myometrial smooth muscle cells through the NFκB pathway.
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Prevost M, Zelkowitz P, Tulandi T, Hayton B, Feeley N, Carter CS, Joseph L, Pournajafi-Nazarloo H, Yong Ping E, Abenhaim H, Gold I. Oxytocin in pregnancy and the postpartum: relations to labor and its management. Front Public Health 2014; 2:1. [PMID: 24479112 PMCID: PMC3902863 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine variations in endogenous oxytocin levels in pregnancy and postpartum state. We also explored the associations between delivery variables and oxytocin levels. A final sample of 272 mothers in their first trimester of pregnancy was included for the study. Blood samples were drawn during the first trimester and third trimester of pregnancy and at 8 weeks postpartum. Socio-demographic data were collected at each time point and medical files were consulted for delivery details. In most women, levels of circulating oxytocin increased from the first to third trimester of pregnancy followed by a decrease in the postpartum period. Oxytocin levels varied considerably between individuals, ranging from 50 pg/mL to over 2000 pg/mL. Parity was the main predictor of oxytocin levels in the third trimester of pregnancy and of oxytocin level changes from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. Oxytocin levels in the third trimester of pregnancy predicted a self-reported negative labor experience and increased the chances of having an epidural. Intrapartum exogenous oxytocin was positively associated with levels of oxytocin during the postpartum period. Our exploratory results suggest that circulating oxytocin levels during the third trimester of pregnancy may predict the type of labor a woman will experience. More importantly, the quantity of intrapartum exogenous oxytocin administered during labor predicted plasma oxytocin levels 2 months postpartum, suggesting a possible long-term effect of this routine intervention, the consequences of which are largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Prevost
- Departments of Psychiatry and Philosophy, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Phyllis Zelkowitz
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Togas Tulandi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Barbara Hayton
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Nancy Feeley
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - C Sue Carter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC , USA
| | - Lawrence Joseph
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | | | - Erin Yong Ping
- Departments of Psychiatry and Philosophy, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Haim Abenhaim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Ian Gold
- Departments of Psychiatry and Philosophy, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada
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Murata T, Narita K, Ichimaru T. Rat uterine oxytocin receptor and estrogen receptor α and β mRNA levels are regulated by estrogen through multiple estrogen receptors. J Reprod Dev 2013; 60:55-61. [PMID: 24334513 PMCID: PMC3963296 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2012-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen action is mediated through several types of receptors (ERs), such as ERα, ERβ
and putative membrane ERs. Oxytocin receptor (OTR) and ER expression levels in the rat
uterus are regulated by estrogen; however, which types of ERs are involved has not been
elucidated. This study examined OTR, ERα and ERβ levels in ovariectomized rats treated
with 17β-estradiol (E2), an ERα agonist (PPT), an ERβ agonist (DPN) or estren (Es). E2 and
PPT increased OTR mRNA levels and decreased ERα and ERβ mRNA levels 3 and 6 h
posttreatment. DPN decreased ERα and ERβ mRNA levels at 3 and 6 h, while OTR mRNA levels
increased at 3 h and decreased at 6 h. OTR mRNA levels increased 3 h after the Es
treatment and then declined until 6 h. ERα and ERβ mRNA levels decreased by 3 h and
remained low until 6 h posttreatment with Es. The ER antagonist ICI182,780 (ICI)
suppressed the increases in OTR mRNA levels induced 3 h after the Es treatment. However,
ICI and tamoxifen (Tam) had no significant effect on ERα and ERβ mRNA levels in the
Es-treated or vehicle-treated group. In intact rats, proestrus-associated increases in OTR
mRNA levels were antagonized by both ICI and Tam. However, decreases in ERα and ERβ mRNA
levels were not antagonized by Tam and ICI, respectively. Therefore, uterine OTR gene
expression is upregulated by estrogen through the classical nuclear (or non-nuclear) ERs,
ERα and ERβ, while the levels of these ERs are downregulated by estrogen through multiple
pathways including Es-sensitive nonclassical ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Murata
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
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44
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Molecular analysis of parturition via oxytocin receptor expression. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 52:165-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Deing V, Roggenkamp D, Kühnl J, Gruschka A, Stäb F, Wenck H, Bürkle A, Neufang G. Oxytocin modulates proliferation and stress responses of human skin cells: implications for atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:399-405. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Deing
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
| | | | - Jochen Kühnl
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
| | | | - Franz Stäb
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
| | - Horst Wenck
- Beiersdorf AG; Research Skin Care; Hamburg; Germany
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Zhang H, Wu C, Chen Q, Chen X, Xu Z, Wu J, Cai D. Treatment of obesity and diabetes using oxytocin or analogs in patients and mouse models. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61477. [PMID: 23700406 PMCID: PMC3658979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is important for the development of type-2 diabetes as a result of obesity-induced insulin resistance accompanied by impaired compensation of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Here, based on a randomized pilot clinical trial, we report that intranasal oxytocin administration over an 8-week period led to effective reduction of obesity and reversal of related prediabetic changes in patients. Using mouse models, we further systematically evaluated whether oxytocin and its analogs yield therapeutic effects against prediabetic or diabetic disorders regardless of obesity. Our results showed that oxytocin and two analogs including [Ser4, Ile8]-oxytocin or [Asu1,6]-oxytocin worked in mice to reverse insulin resistance and glucose intolerance prior to reduction of obesity. In parallel, using streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model, we found that treatment with oxytocin or its analogs reduced the magnitude of glucose intolerance through improving insulin secretion. The anti-diabetic effects of oxytocin and its analogs in these animal models can be produced similarly whether central or peripheral administration was used. In conclusion, oxytocin and its analogs have multi-level effects in improving weight control, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion, and bear potentials for being developed as therapeutic peptides for obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Diabetes Research Center, Institute of Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Chenguang Wu
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Qiaofen Chen
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoluo Chen
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Division, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Dongsheng Cai
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Diabetes Research Center, Institute of Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mamrut S, Harony H, Sood R, Shahar-Gold H, Gainer H, Shi YJ, Barki-Harrington L, Wagner S. DNA methylation of specific CpG sites in the promoter region regulates the transcription of the mouse oxytocin receptor. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56869. [PMID: 23441222 PMCID: PMC3575498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone, well known for its role in labor and suckling, and most recently for its involvement in mammalian social behavior. All central and peripheral actions of oxytocin are mediated through the oxytocin receptor, which is the product of a single gene. Transcription of the oxytocin receptor is subject to regulation by gonadal steroid hormones, and is profoundly elevated in the uterus and mammary glands during parturition. DNA methylation is a major epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene transcription, and has been linked to reduced expression of the oxytocin receptor in individuals with autism. Here, we hypothesized that transcription of the mouse oxytocin receptor is regulated by DNA methylation of specific sites in its promoter, in a tissue-specific manner. Hypothalamus-derived GT1-7, and mammary-derived 4T1 murine cell lines displayed negative correlations between oxytocin receptor transcription and methylation of the gene promoter, and demethylation caused a significant enhancement of oxytocin receptor transcription in 4T1 cells. Using a reporter gene assay, we showed that methylation of specific sites in the gene promoter, including an estrogen response element, significantly inhibits transcription. Furthermore, methylation of the oxytocin receptor promoter was found to be differentially correlated with oxytocin receptor expression in mammary glands and the uterus of virgin and post-partum mice, suggesting that it plays a distinct role in oxytocin receptor transcription among tissues and under different physiological conditions. Together, these results support the hypothesis that the expression of the mouse oxytocin receptor gene is epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation of its promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimrat Mamrut
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hala Harony
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rapita Sood
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Harold Gainer
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yi-Jun Shi
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Shlomo Wagner
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Beets I, Janssen T, Meelkop E, Temmerman L, Suetens N, Rademakers S, Jansen G, Schoofs L. Vasopressin/Oxytocin-Related Signaling Regulates Gustatory Associative Learning in C. elegans. Science 2012; 338:543-5. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1226860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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49
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Colaianni G, Sun L, Di Benedetto A, Tamma R, Zhu LL, Cao J, Grano M, Yuen T, Colucci S, Cuscito C, Mancini L, Li J, Nishimori K, Bab I, Lee HJ, Iqbal J, Young WS, Rosen C, Zallone A, Zaidi M. Bone marrow oxytocin mediates the anabolic action of estrogen on the skeleton. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:29159-67. [PMID: 22761429 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.365049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen uses two mechanisms to exert its effect on the skeleton: it inhibits bone resorption by osteoclasts and, at higher doses, can stimulate bone formation. Although the antiresorptive action of estrogen arises from the inhibition of the MAPK JNK, the mechanism of its effect on the osteoblast remains unclear. Here, we report that the anabolic action of estrogen in mice occurs, at least in part, through oxytocin (OT) produced by osteoblasts in bone marrow. We show that the absence of OT receptors (OTRs) in OTR(-/-) osteoblasts or attenuation of OTR expression in silenced cells inhibits estrogen-induced osteoblast differentiation, transcription factor up-regulation, and/or OT production in vitro. In vivo, OTR(-/-) mice, known to have a bone formation defect, fail to display increases in trabecular bone volume, cortical thickness, and bone formation in response to estrogen. Furthermore, osteoblast-specific Col2.3-Cre(+)/OTR(fl/fl) mice, but not TRAP-Cre(+)/OTR(fl/fl) mice, mimic the OTR(-/-) phenotype and also fail to respond to estrogen. These data attribute the phenotype of OTR deficiency to an osteoblastic rather than an osteoclastic defect. Physiologically, feed-forward OT release in bone marrow by a rising estrogen concentration may facilitate rapid skeletal recovery during the latter phases of lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziana Colaianni
- Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA
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Bales KL, Perkeybile AM. Developmental experiences and the oxytocin receptor system. Horm Behav 2012; 61:313-9. [PMID: 22245313 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The long-term effects of developmental experiences on social behavior, and the neuropeptide systems such as oxytocin which subserve the behavior, are still little understood. In this article, we review various types of early experience, including normal development, knockout models, pharmacological exposures, and early social experiences. We consider the processes by which experience can affect oxytocin receptor binding, and what is known about the directionality of experience effects on oxytocin receptors. Finally, we attempt to synthesize the literature into a predictive model as to the direction of early experience effects on oxytocin receptor binding potential, and whether these changes have functional significance. These predictions are relevant to current human health practice, given proposals to use chronic intranasal oxytocin to treat developmental disorders including autism and schizophrenia. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Social Behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Bales
- Dept of Psychology, One Shields Ave., University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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