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Raineri D, Chiocchetti A, Cappellano G. Beyond the Biomarker: Unveiling the Multifaceted Role of Osteopontin in Both Physiological and Pathological Processes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:982. [PMID: 38790944 PMCID: PMC11117741 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional protein, has emerged as a fascinating subject of study due to its diverse roles in various physiological and pathological processes [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Raineri
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.R.); (A.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.R.); (A.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (D.R.); (A.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
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2
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Ziranu P, Pretta A, Aimola V, Cau F, Mariani S, D’Agata AP, Codipietro C, Rizzo D, Dell’Utri V, Sanna G, Moledda G, Cadoni A, Lai E, Puzzoni M, Pusceddu V, Castagnola M, Scartozzi M, Faa G. CD44: A New Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1569. [PMID: 38672650 PMCID: PMC11048923 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is a non-kinase cell surface glycoprotein. It is overexpressed in several cell types, including cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cells overexpressing CD44 exhibit several CSC traits, such as self-renewal, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) capability, and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. The role of CD44 in maintaining stemness and the CSC function in tumor progression is accomplished by binding to its main ligand, hyaluronan (HA). The HA-CD44 complex activates several signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion. The CD44 gene regularly undergoes alternative splicing, resulting in the standard (CD44s) and variant (CD44v) isoforms. The different functional roles of CD44s and specific CD44v isoforms still need to be fully understood. The clinicopathological impact of CD44 and its isoforms in promoting tumorigenesis suggests that CD44 could be a molecular target for cancer therapy. Furthermore, the recent association observed between CD44 and KRAS-dependent carcinomas and the potential correlations between CD44 and tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) open new research scenarios for developing new strategies in cancer treatment. This review summarises current research regarding the different CD44 isoform structures, their roles, and functions in supporting tumorigenesis and discusses its therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pina Ziranu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Pretta
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Valentina Aimola
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (V.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Flaviana Cau
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (V.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Stefano Mariani
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessandra Pia D’Agata
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Claudia Codipietro
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Daiana Rizzo
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Veronica Dell’Utri
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Giorgia Sanna
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Giusy Moledda
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Cadoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Eleonora Lai
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Puzzoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Valeria Pusceddu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00013 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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3
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Huang K, Chen S, Yu LJ, Wu ZM, Chen QJ, Wang XQ, Li FF, Liu JM, Wang YX, Mao LS, Shen WF, Zhang RY, Shen Y, Lu L, Dai Y, Ding FH. Serum secreted phosphoprotein 1 level is associated with plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1285813. [PMID: 38426091 PMCID: PMC10902157 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1285813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vulnerable plaque was associated with recurrent cardiovascular events. This study was designed to explore predictive biomarkers of vulnerable plaque in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods To reveal the phenotype-associated cell type in the development of vulnerable plaque and to identify hub gene for pathological process, we combined single-cell RNA and bulk RNA sequencing datasets of human atherosclerotic plaques using Single-Cell Identification of Subpopulations with Bulk Sample Phenotype Correlation (Scissor) and Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). We also validated our results in an independent cohort of patients by using intravascular ultrasound during coronary angiography. Results Macrophages were found to be strongly correlated with plaque vulnerability while vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), fibrochondrocyte (FC) and intermediate cell state (ICS) clusters were negatively associated with unstable plaque. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) in the turquoise module was highly correlated with both the gene module and the clinical traits. In a total of 593 patients, serum levels of SPP1 were significantly higher in patients with vulnerable plaques than those with stable plaque (113.21 [73.65 - 147.70] ng/ml versus 71.08 [20.64 - 135.68] ng/ml; P < 0.001). Adjusted multivariate regression analysis revealed that serum SPP1 was an independent determinant of the presence of vulnerable plaque. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve was 0.737 (95% CI 0.697 - 0.773; P < 0.001) for adding serum SPP1 in predicting of vulnerable plaques. Conclusion Elevated serum SPP1 levels confer an increased risk for plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Jun Yu
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Wu
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Jing Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Wang
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Fei Li
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Meng Liu
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Shuang Mao
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Feng Shen
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Yan Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Hua Ding
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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Vogl DP, Mateos B, Migotti M, Felkl M, Conibear AC, Konrat R, Becker CFW. Semisynthesis of segmentally isotope-labeled and site-specifically palmitoylated CD44 cytoplasmic tail. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 100:117617. [PMID: 38306881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
CD44, a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane receptor, plays a crucial role in cell growth, migration, and tumor progression. Dimerization of CD44 is a key event in signal transduction and has emerged as a potential target for anti-tumor therapies. Palmitoylation, a posttranslational modification, disrupts CD44 dimerization and promotes CD44 accumulation in ordered membrane domains. However, the effects of palmitoylation on the structure and dynamics of CD44 at atomic resolution remain poorly understood. Here, we present a semisynthetic approach combining solid-phase peptide synthesis, recombinant expression, and native chemical ligation to investigate the impact of palmitoylation on the cytoplasmic domain (residues 669-742) of CD44 (CD44ct) by NMR spectroscopy. A segmentally isotope-labeled and site-specifically palmitoylated CD44 variant enabled NMR studies, which revealed chemical shift perturbations and indicated local and long-range conformational changes induced by palmitoylation. The long-range effects suggest altered intramolecular interactions and potential modulation of membrane association patterns. Semisynthetic, palmitoylated CD44ct serves as the basis for studying CD44 clustering, conformational changes, and localization within lipid rafts, and could be used to investigate its role as a tumor suppressor and to explore its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik P Vogl
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Borja Mateos
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter Campus 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario Migotti
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter Campus 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Felkl
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne C Conibear
- TU Wien, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Konrat
- Max Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter Campus 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F W Becker
- University of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Velleman SG. Comparison of pectoralis major muscle satellite cell assay methods: an opinion paper. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1370570. [PMID: 38420623 PMCID: PMC10899438 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1370570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra G. Velleman
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Miao Y, Li L, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhou Y, Guo L, Zhao Y, Nie D, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Gan Y. Regulating protein corona on nanovesicles by glycosylated polyhydroxy polymer modification for efficient drug delivery. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1159. [PMID: 38326312 PMCID: PMC10850157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The dynamic protein corona formed on nanocarriers has been revealed to strongly affect their in vivo behaviors. Precisely manipulating the formation of protein corona on nanocarriers may provide an alternative impetus for specific drug delivery. Herein, we explore the role of glycosylated polyhydroxy polymer-modified nanovesicles (CP-LVs) with different amino/hydroxyl ratios in protein corona formation and evolution. CP-LVs with an amino/hydroxyl ratio of approximately 0.4 (CP1-LVs) are found to efficiently suppress immunoglobulin adsorption in blood and livers, resulting in prolonged circulation. Moreover, CP1-LVs adsorb abundant tumor distinctive proteins, such as CD44 and osteopontin in tumor interstitial fluids, mediating selective tumor cell internalization. The proteins corona transformation specific to the environment appears to be affected by the electrostatic interaction between CP-LVs and proteins with diverse isoelectric points. Benefiting from surface modification-mediated protein corona regulation, paclitaxel-loaded CP1-LVs demonstrate superior antitumor efficacy to PEGylated liposomes. Our work offers a perspective on rational surface-design of nanocarriers to modulate the protein corona formation for efficient drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiu Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Lijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiangyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yihan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Linmiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Di Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, China.
| | - Yong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Peil J, Vossen C, Bock F, Clahsen T, Schiller P, Heindl LM, Bosch JJ, Wunderlich FT, Cursiefen C, Schlereth SL. Combined Osteopontin Blockade and Type 2 Classical Dendritic Cell Vaccination as Effective Synergetic Therapy for Conjunctival Melanoma. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:487-499. [PMID: 38099710 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis and immune protection are essential at the onset of tumorigenesis. Angiogenesis serves to nourish the tumor, and prevention of immune defenses, for example, by dendritic cells (DCs), allows tumor growth. In this study, we investigated whether there are factors with dual functions that are both angiogenic and immunomodulatory and represent a therapeutic target. We analyzed 1) innate immune responses intratumorally and in draining lymph nodes and 2) angiogenic factors in conjunctival melanoma (CM), a potentially lethal malignant tumor at the ocular surface whose immune and vascular responses are largely unknown. For this purpose, an HGF-Cdk4R24C model in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice was used and revealed that CD103- type 2 classical DC (cDC2s) were the most abundant DC subtype in healthy conjunctiva, whereas in CM, CD103- cDC2s, CD103+ type 1 cDCs, monocyte-derived DCs, and plasmacytoid DCs were significantly increased. In our analysis of angiogenic factors in CM, the examination of 53 angiogenesis-related factors that might interact with DCs identified osteopontin (OPN) as a major tumor-derived protein that interacts with DCs. Consistent with these findings, 3) a dual therapeutic strategy that inhibited tumor cell function by an OPN blocking Ab while enhancing the immune response by cDC2 vaccination resulted in 35% failure of tumor development. Moreover, tumor progression, monocyte-derived DC infiltration, and intratumoral angiogenesis were significantly reduced, whereas survival and CD8+ T cell infiltration were increased in treated mice compared with the control group. Therefore, we identified OPN blockade in combination with cDC2 vaccination as a potential future therapeutic intervention for early stages of CM by combining antiangiogenic and host immune stimulating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Peil
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Clahsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Petra Schiller
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ludwig M Heindl
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacobus J Bosch
- Centre for Human Drug Research and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - F Thomas Wunderlich
- MPI for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simona L Schlereth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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8
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Jia Q, Ouyang Y, Yang Y, Yao S, Chen X, Hu Z. Osteopontin: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Respiratory Diseases. Lung 2024; 202:25-39. [PMID: 38060060 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional phosphorylated protein that is involved in physiological and pathological events. Emerging evidence suggests that OPN also plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. OPN can be produced and secreted by various cell types in lungs and overexpression of OPN has been found in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), pulmonary hypertension (PH), pulmonary fibrosis diseases, lung cancer, lung infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma. OPN exerts diverse effects on the inflammatory response, immune cell activation, fibrosis and tissue remodeling, and tumorigenesis of these respiratory diseases, and genetic and pharmacological moudulation of OPN exerts therapeutic effects in the treatment of respiratory diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent evidence of multifaceted roles and underlying mechanisms of OPN in these respiratory diseases, and targeting OPN appears to be a potential therapeutic intervention for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yeling Ouyang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiyi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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9
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Hess A, Gentile SD, Ben Saad A, Rahman R, Habboub T, Pratt DS, Mullen AC. Single-cell transcriptomics stratifies organoid models of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113898. [PMID: 37962490 PMCID: PMC10711666 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing cause of morbidity with limited treatment options. Thus, accurate in vitro systems to test new therapies are indispensable. While recently, human liver organoid models have emerged to assess steatotic liver disease, a systematic evaluation of their translational potential is still missing. Here, we evaluated human liver organoid models of MASLD, comparatively testing disease induction in three conditions: oleic acid, palmitic acid, and TGF-β1. Through single-cell analyses, we find that all three models induce inflammatory signatures, but only TGF-β1 promotes collagen production, fibrosis, and hepatic stellate cell expansion. In striking contrast, oleic acid ameliorates fibrotic signatures and reduces the hepatic stellate cell population. Linking data from each model to gene expression signatures associated with MASLD disease progression further demonstrates that palmitic acid and TGF-β1 more robustly model inflammation and fibrosis. Our findings highlight the importance of stratifying MASLD organoid models by signatures of clinical disease progression, provide a single-cell reference to benchmark future organoid injury models, and allow us to study evolving steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and HSC susceptibility to injury in a dynamic, multi-lineage human in vitro system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hess
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Genome RegulationMax Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Stefan D Gentile
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Klarman Cell ObservatoryBroad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Amel Ben Saad
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Raza‐Ur Rahman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Tim Habboub
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Daniel S Pratt
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Autoimmune and Cholestatic Liver CenterMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Alan C Mullen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Klarman Cell ObservatoryBroad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
- Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridgeMAUSA
- Present address:
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
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10
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Wang J, Ford JC, Mitra AK. Defining the Role of Metastasis-Initiating Cells in Promoting Carcinogenesis in Ovarian Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1492. [PMID: 38132318 PMCID: PMC10740540 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy with a high prevalence of transcoelomic metastasis. Metastasis is a multi-step process and only a small percentage of cancer cells, metastasis-initiating cells (MICs), have the capacity to finally establish metastatic lesions. These MICs maintain a certain level of stemness that allows them to differentiate into other cell types with distinct transcriptomic profiles and swiftly adapt to external stresses. Furthermore, they can coordinate with the microenvironment, through reciprocal interactions, to invade and establish metastases. Therefore, identifying, characterizing, and targeting MICs is a promising strategy to counter the spread of ovarian cancer. In this review, we provided an overview of OC MICs in the context of characterization, identification through cell surface markers, and their interactions with the metastatic niche to promote metastatic colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.W.); (J.C.F.)
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - James C. Ford
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.W.); (J.C.F.)
| | - Anirban K. Mitra
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; (J.W.); (J.C.F.)
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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11
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Mori K, Okuma H, Nakamura S, Uchinuma H, Kaga S, Nakajima H, Ogawa Y, Tsuchiya K. Melanocortin-4 receptor in macrophages attenuated angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19768. [PMID: 37957201 PMCID: PMC10643430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as an independent risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). While mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene is the most common cause of obesity caused by mutations in a single gene, the link between MC4R function and vascular disease has still remained unclear. Here, by using melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) deficient mice, we confirmed MC4R deficiency promotes AAA and atherosclerosis. We demonstrated the contribution of two novel factors towards vascular vulnerability in this model: leptin signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and loss of MC4R signaling in macrophages. Leptin was shown to promote vascular vulnerability via PI3K-dependent upregulation of Spp1 expression in VSMC. Additionally, Ang II-induced AAA incidence was significantly reduced when MC4R gene expression was myeloid cell-specifically rescued in MC4R deficient (MC4RTB/TB) mice. Ex vivo analysis showed a suppression in NF-κB activity in bone marrow-derived macrophages from LysM(+);MC4RTB/TB mice compared to LysM(-);MC4RTB/TB mice, which exaggerates with endogenous MC4R ligand treatment; α-MSH. These results suggest that MC4R signaling in macrophages attenuates AAA by inhibiting NF-κB activity and subsequent vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Mori
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Okuma
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan
| | - Suguru Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uchinuma
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kaga
- Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyoichiro Tsuchiya
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan.
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12
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Inoue A, Ohnishi T, Nishikawa M, Ohtsuka Y, Kusakabe K, Yano H, Tanaka J, Kunieda T. A Narrative Review on CD44's Role in Glioblastoma Invasion, Proliferation, and Tumor Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4898. [PMID: 37835592 PMCID: PMC10572085 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High invasiveness is a characteristic of glioblastoma (GBM), making radical resection almost impossible, and thus, resulting in a tumor with inevitable recurrence. GBM recurrence may be caused by glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) that survive many kinds of therapy. GSCs with high expression levels of CD44 are highly invasive and resistant to radio-chemotherapy. CD44 is a multifunctional molecule that promotes the invasion and proliferation of tumor cells via various signaling pathways. Among these, paired pathways reciprocally activate invasion and proliferation under different hypoxic conditions. Severe hypoxia (0.5-2.5% O2) upregulates hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which then activates target genes, including CD44, TGF-β, and cMET, all of which are related to tumor migration and invasion. In contrast, moderate hypoxia (2.5-5% O2) upregulates HIF-2α, which activates target genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR2, cMYC, and cyclin D1. All these genes are related to tumor proliferation. Oxygen environments around GBM can change before and after tumor resection. Before resection, the oxygen concentration at the tumor periphery is severely hypoxic. In the reparative stage after resection, the resection cavity shows moderate hypoxia. These observations suggest that upregulated CD44 under severe hypoxia may promote the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Conversely, when tumor resection leads to moderate hypoxia, upregulated HIF-2α activates HIF-2α target genes. The phenotypic transition regulated by CD44, leading to a dichotomy between invasion and proliferation according to hypoxic conditions, may play a crucial role in GBM recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Takanori Ohnishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Advanced Brain Disease Center, Washoukai Sadamoto Hospital, 1-6-1 Takehara, Matsuyama 790-0052, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Yoshihiro Ohtsuka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Kosuke Kusakabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Hajime Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicene, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (H.Y.); (J.T.)
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicene, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (H.Y.); (J.T.)
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
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13
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Qadri MM. Targeting CD44 Receptor Pathways in Degenerative Joint Diseases: Involvement of Proteoglycan-4 (PRG4). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1425. [PMID: 37895896 PMCID: PMC10609794 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and gout are the most prevalent degenerative joint diseases (DJDs). The pathogenesis underlying joint disease in DJDs remains unclear. Considering the severe toxicities reported with anti-inflammatory and disease-modifying agents, there is a clear need to develop new treatments that are specific in their effect while not being associated with significant toxicities. A key feature in the development of joint disease is the overexpression of adhesion molecules, e.g., CD44. Expression of CD44 and its variants in the synovial tissues of patients with DJDs is strongly associated with cartilage damage and appears to be a predicting factor of synovial inflammation in DJDs. Targeting CD44 and its downstream signaling proteins has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. PRG4 is a mucinous glycoprotein that binds to the CD44 receptor and is physiologically involved in joint lubrication. PRG4-CD44 is a pivotal regulator of synovial lining cell hemostasis in the joint, where lack of PRG4 expression triggers chronic inflammation and fibrosis, driven by persistent activation of synovial cells. In view of the significance of CD44 in DJD pathogenesis and the potential biological role for PRG4, this review aims to summarize the involvement of PRG4-CD44 signaling in controlling synovitis, synovial hypertrophy, and tissue fibrosis in DJDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M. Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Inflammation Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Unit, Medical Research Center (MRC), Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Nilsson G, Mottahedin A, Zelco A, Lauschke VM, Ek CJ, Song J, Ardalan M, Hua S, Zhang X, Mallard C, Hagberg H, Leavenworth JW, Wang X. Two different isoforms of osteopontin modulate myelination and axonal integrity. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:336-353. [PMID: 37554545 PMCID: PMC10405251 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal myelination underlies the pathology of white matter diseases such as preterm white matter injury and multiple sclerosis. Osteopontin (OPN) has been suggested to play a role in myelination. Murine OPN mRNA is translated into a secreted isoform (sOPN) or an intracellular isoform (iOPN). Whether there is an isoform-specific involvement of OPN in myelination is unknown. Here we generated mouse models that either lacked both OPN isoforms in all cells (OPN-KO) or lacked sOPN systemically but expressed iOPN specifically in oligodendrocytes (OLs-iOPN-KI). Transcriptome analysis of isolated oligodendrocytes from the neonatal brain showed that genes and pathways related to increase of myelination and altered cell cycle control were enriched in the absence of the two OPN isoforms in OPN-KO mice compared to control mice. Accordingly, adult OPN-KO mice showed an increased axonal myelination, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy imaging, and increased expression of myelin-related proteins. In contrast, neonatal oligodendrocytes from OLs-iOPN-KI mice compared to control mice showed differential regulation of genes and pathways related to the increase of cell adhesion, motility, and vasculature development, and the decrease of axonal/neuronal development. OLs-iOPN-KI mice showed abnormal myelin formation in the early phase of myelination in young mice and signs of axonal degeneration in adulthood. These results suggest an OPN isoform-specific involvement, and a possible interplay between the isoforms, in myelination, and axonal integrity. Thus, the two isoforms of OPN need to be separately considered in therapeutic strategies targeting OPN in white matter injury and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Nilsson
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Amin Mottahedin
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Aura Zelco
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Volker M. Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Dr Margarete Fischer‐Bosch Institute of Clinical PharmacologyStuttgartGermany
- University of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - C. Joakim Ek
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Juan Song
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain InjuryInstitute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Maryam Ardalan
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Sha Hua
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital/Luwan Branch, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain InjuryInstitute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Carina Mallard
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Henrik Hagberg
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jianmei W. Leavenworth
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain InjuryInstitute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine & Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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15
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Musale V, Wasserman DH, Kang L. Extracellular matrix remodelling in obesity and metabolic disorders. LIFE METABOLISM 2023; 2:load021. [PMID: 37383542 PMCID: PMC10299575 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Obesity causes extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling which can develop into serious pathology and fibrosis, having metabolic effects in insulin-sensitive tissues. The ECM components may be increased in response to overnutrition. This review will focus on specific obesity-associated molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of ECM remodelling and the impact of specific interactions on tissue metabolism. In obesity, complex network of signalling molecules such as cytokines and growth factors have been implicated in fibrosis. Increased ECM deposition contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance at least in part through activation of cell surface integrin receptors and CD44 signalling cascades. These cell surface receptors transmit signals to the cell adhesome which orchestrates an intracellular response that adapts to the extracellular environment. Matrix proteins, glycoproteins, and polysaccharides interact through ligand-specific cell surface receptors that interact with the cytosolic adhesion proteins to elicit specific actions. Cell adhesion proteins may have catalytic activity or serve as scaffolds. The vast number of cell surface receptors and the complexity of the cell adhesome have made study of their roles challenging in health and disease. Further complicating the role of ECM-cell receptor interactions is the variation between cell types. This review will focus on recent insights gained from studies of two highly conserved, ubiquitously axes and how they contribute to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. These are the collagen-integrin receptor-IPP (ILK-PINCH-Parvin) axis and the hyaluronan-CD44 interaction. We speculate that targeting ECM components or their receptor-mediated cell signalling may provide novel insights into the treatment of obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Musale
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
| | - David H. Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Li Kang
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
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16
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Chunder R, Schropp V, Marzin M, Amor S, Kuerten S. A Dual Role of Osteopontin in Modifying B Cell Responses. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1969. [PMID: 37509608 PMCID: PMC10377065 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of B cell aggregates within the central nervous system (CNS) has prompted the investigation of the potential sources of pathogenic B cell and T cell responses in a subgroup of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Nevertheless, the expression profile of molecules associated with these aggregates and their role in aggregate development and persistence is poorly described. Here, we focused on the expression pattern of osteopontin (OPN), which is a well-described cytokine, in MS brain tissue. Autopsied brain sections from MS cases with and without B cell pathology were screened for the presence of CD20+ B cell aggregates and co-expression of OPN. To demonstrate the effect of OPN on B cells, flow cytometry, ELISA and in vitro aggregation assays were conducted using the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. Although OPN was expressed in MS brain tissue independent of B cell pathology, it was also highly expressed within B cell aggregates. In vitro studies demonstrated that OPN downregulated the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on B cells. OPN-treated B cells produced significantly lower amounts of IL-6. However, OPN-treated B cells also exhibited a higher tendency to form homotypic cell aggregates in vitro. Taken together, our data indicate a conflicting role of OPN in modulating B cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rittika Chunder
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuroanatomy, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Verena Schropp
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuroanatomy, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuel Marzin
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Amor
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuroanatomy, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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17
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Yan S, Si Y, Zhou W, Cheng R, Wang P, Wang D, Ding W, Shi W, Jiang Q, Yang F, Yao L. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals the interaction between peripheral CD4+ CTLs and mesencephalic endothelial cells mediated by IFNG in Parkinson's disease. Comput Biol Med 2023; 158:106801. [PMID: 36989741 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neurons degeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Increasing evidence indicates that peripheral CD4+ T cells, a vital pathological component of PD, have been implicated in systemic inflammation activation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, central nervous system infiltration, and consequent neurons degeneration. However, there is no consensus on CD4+ T cell types' exact phenotypic characteristics in systemic inflammation and the mechanism of CD4+ T cells traffic into the BBB in patients with PD. In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to elucidate the potential mechanism of T cells on the breakdown of BBB. The PD-associated Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CTLs) were characterized by a significant increase in proportion as well as enhancement of interferon-gamma (IFNG) response and cell adhesion. Meanwhile, TBX21, IRF1 and NFATC2, identified as the key transcription factors in effector CD4+ T cells differentiation, induced overexpression of target genes-IFNG in CD4+ CTLs. Interestingly, endothelial cells (ECs) in PD patients were discovered to be more responsive to IFNG than other cell types of midbrain. Furthermore, the cell-cell communication analysis between CD4+ T cells and midbrain cells identified IFNG/IFNGR1 and SPP1/ITGB1 as the ligand-receptor pairs to mediate CD4+ CTLs' infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) through the weakened ECs' tight junction. Together, these results suggested that PD-specific peripheral CD4+ CTLs might influence BBB function by migrating to mesencephalic endothelial cells (ECs) and activating the IFNG response in ECs.
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18
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Chen L, Shi K, Ditzel N, Qiu W, Figeac F, Nielsen LHD, Tencerova M, Kowal JM, Ding M, Andreasen CM, Andersen TL, Kassem M. KIAA1199 deficiency enhances skeletal stem cell differentiation to osteoblasts and promotes bone regeneration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2016. [PMID: 37037828 PMCID: PMC10086002 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37651-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon transplantation, skeletal stem cells (also known as bone marrow stromal or mesenchymal stem cells) can regulate bone regeneration by producing secreted factors. Here, we identify KIAA1199 as a bone marrow stromal cell-secreted factor in vitro and in vivo. KIAA1199 plasma levels of patients positively correlate with osteoporotic fracture risk and expression levels of KIAA1199 in patient bone marrow stromal cells negatively correlates with their osteogenic differentiation potential. KIAA1199-deficient bone marrow stromal cells exhibit enhanced osteoblast differentiation in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. Consistently, KIAA1199 knockout mice display increased bone mass and biomechanical strength, as well as an increased bone formation rate. They also exhibit accelerated healing of surgically generated bone defects and are protected from ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Mechanistically, KIAA1199 regulates osteogenesis by inhibiting the production of osteopontin by osteoblasts, via integrin-mediated AKT and ERK-MAPK intracellular signaling. Thus, KIAA1199 is a regulator of osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration and could be targeted for the treatment or management of low bone mass conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Dept. of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
| | - Kaikai Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nicholas Ditzel
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Weimin Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Florence Figeac
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise Himmelstrup Dreyer Nielsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Justyna Magdalena Kowal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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19
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Zer NS, Ben-Ghedalia-Peled N, Gheber LA, Vago R. CD44 in Bone Metastasis Development: A Key Player in the Fate Decisions of the Invading Cells? Clin Exp Metastasis 2023; 40:125-135. [PMID: 37038009 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
A participant in key developmental processes, the adhesion glycoprotein CD44 is also expressed in several types of malignancies and can promote metastasis. In addition, the expression of CD44 isoforms in different types of cancer such as prostate and breast cancers may facilitate bone metastases by enhancing tumorigenicity, osteomimicry, cell migration, homing to bone, and anchorage within the bone specialized domains. Moreover, there is evidence that the CD44-ICD fragments in breast cancer cells may promote the cells' osteolytic nature. Yet the mechanisms by which CD44 and its downstream effectors promote the establishment of these cells within the bone are not fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the current data on the roles played by CD44 in cancer progression and bone metastasis and the possible effects of its interaction with the different components of the bone marrow milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noy Shir Zer
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Noa Ben-Ghedalia-Peled
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Levi A Gheber
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Razi Vago
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel.
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20
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Lin EYH, Xi W, Aggarwal N, Shinohara ML. Osteopontin (OPN)/SPP1: from its biochemistry to biological functions in the innate immune system and the central nervous system (CNS). Int Immunol 2023; 35:171-180. [PMID: 36525591 PMCID: PMC10071791 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein, initially identified in osteosarcoma cells with its role of mediating osteoblast adhesion. Later studies revealed that OPN is associated with many inflammatory conditions caused by infections, allergic responses, autoimmunity and tissue damage. Many cell types in the peripheral immune system express OPN with various functions, which could be beneficial or detrimental. Also, more recent studies demonstrated that OPN is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), particularly in microglia during CNS diseases and development. However, understanding of mechanisms underlying OPN's functions in the CNS is still limited. In this review, we focus on peripheral myeloid cells and CNS-resident cells to discuss the expression and functions of OPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wen Xi
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nupur Aggarwal
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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21
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Tan X, Xiao GY, Wang S, Shi L, Zhao Y, Liu X, Yu J, Russell WK, Creighton CJ, Kurie JM. EMT-activated secretory and endocytic vesicular trafficking programs underlie a vulnerability to PI4K2A antagonism in lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165863. [PMID: 36757799 PMCID: PMC10065074 DOI: 10.1172/jci165863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypersecretory malignant cells underlie therapeutic resistance, metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes. However, the molecular basis for malignant hypersecretion remains obscure. Here, we showed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) initiates exocytic and endocytic vesicular trafficking programs in lung cancer. The EMT-activating transcription factor zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) executed a PI4KIIIβ-to-PI4KIIα (PI4K2A) dependency switch that drove PI4P synthesis in the Golgi and endosomes. EMT enhanced the vulnerability of lung cancer cells to PI4K2A small-molecule antagonists. PI4K2A formed a MYOIIA-containing protein complex that facilitated secretory vesicle biogenesis in the Golgi, thereby establishing a hypersecretory state involving osteopontin (SPP1) and other prometastatic ligands. In the endosomal compartment, PI4K2A accelerated recycling of SPP1 receptors to complete an SPP1-dependent autocrine loop and interacted with HSP90 to prevent lysosomal degradation of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, a driver of cell migration. These results show that EMT coordinates exocytic and endocytic vesicular trafficking to establish a therapeutically actionable hypersecretory state that drives lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Tan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guan-Yu Xiao
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shike Wang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - William K. Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Chad J. Creighton
- Department of Medicine and Dan L Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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22
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Kim M, Jo KW, Kim H, Han ME, Oh SO. Genetic heterogeneity of liver cancer stem cells. Anat Cell Biol 2023; 56:94-108. [PMID: 36384888 PMCID: PMC9989795 DOI: 10.5115/acb.22.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell heterogeneity is a serious problem in the control of tumor progression because it can cause chemoresistance and metastasis. Heterogeneity can be generated by various mechanisms, including genetic evolution of cancer cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs), and niche heterogeneity. Because the genetic heterogeneity of CSCs has been poorly characterized, the genetic mutation status of CSCs was examined using Exome-Seq and RNA-Seq data of liver cancer. Here we show that different surface markers for liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) showed a unique propensity for genetic mutations. Cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133)-positive cells showed frequent mutations in the IRF2, BAP1, and ERBB3 genes. However, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5-positive cells showed frequent mutations in the CTNNB1, RELN, and ROBO1 genes. In addition, some genetic mutations were frequently observed irrespective of the surface markers for LCSCs. BAP1 mutations was frequently observed in CD133-, CD24-, CD13-, CD90-, epithelial cell adhesion molecule-, or keratin 19-positive LCSCs. ASXL2, ERBB3, IRF2, TLX3, CPS1, and NFATC2 mutations were observed in more than three types of LCSCs, suggesting that common mechanisms for the development of these LCSCs. The present study provides genetic heterogeneity depending on the surface markers for LCSCs. The genetic heterogeneity of LCSCs should be considered in the development of LCSC-targeting therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjeong Kim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Kwang-Woo Jo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Myoung-Eun Han
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sae-Ock Oh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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23
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Saup R, Nair N, Shen J, Schmaus A, Thiele W, Garvalov BK, Sleeman JP. Increased Circulating Osteopontin Levels Promote Primary Tumour Growth, but Do Not Induce Metastasis in Melanoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041038. [PMID: 37189656 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphoprotein with diverse functions in various physiological and pathological processes. OPN expression is increased in multiple cancers, and OPN within tumour tissue has been shown to promote key stages of cancer development. OPN levels are also elevated in the circulation of cancer patients, which in some cases has been correlated with enhanced metastatic propensity and poor prognosis. However, the precise impact of circulating OPN (cOPN) on tumour growth and progression remains insufficiently understood. To examine the role of cOPN, we used a melanoma model, in which we stably increased the levels of cOPN through adeno-associated virus-mediated transduction. We found that increased cOPN promoted the growth of primary tumours, but did not significantly alter the spontaneous metastasis of melanoma cells to the lymph nodes or lungs, despite an increase in the expression of multiple factors linked to tumour progression. To assess whether cOPN has a role at later stages of metastasis formation, we employed an experimental metastasis model, but again could not detect any increase in pulmonary metastasis in animals with elevated levels of cOPN. These results demonstrate that increased levels of OPN in the circulation play distinct roles during different stages of melanoma progression.
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24
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Osteopontin: A Bone-Derived Protein Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Immunopathology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030502. [PMID: 36979437 PMCID: PMC10046882 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a bone-derived phosphoglycoprotein related to physiological and pathological mechanisms that nowadays has gained relevance due to its role in the immune system response to chronic degenerative diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). OPN is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that plays a critical role in bone remodeling. Therefore, it is an effector molecule that promotes joint and cartilage destruction observed in clinical studies, in vitro assays, and animal models of RA and OA. Since OPN undergoes multiple modifications, including posttranslational changes, proteolytic cleavage, and binding to a wide range of receptors, the mechanisms by which it produces its effects, in some cases, remain unclear. Although there is strong evidence that OPN contributes significantly to the immunopathology of RA and OA when considering it as a common denominator molecule, some experimental trial results argue for its protective role in rheumatic diseases. Elucidating in detail OPN involvement in bone and cartilage degeneration is of interest to the field of rheumatology. This review aims to provide evidence of the OPN’s multifaceted role in promoting joint and cartilage destruction and propose it as a common denominator of AR and OA immunopathology.
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25
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Differential effects of temperature and mTOR and Wnt-planar cell polarity pathways on syndecan-4 and CD44 expression in growth-selected turkey satellite cell populations. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281350. [PMID: 36735684 PMCID: PMC9897570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells (SCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of muscle stem cells. Thermal stress during the first week after hatch alters proliferation, myogenesis, and adipogenesis of SCs of turkey pectoralis major (p. major) muscle via mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus integration site family/planar cell polarity (Wnt/PCP) pathways. Pivotal genes in mTOR and Wnt/PCP pathways are mTOR and frizzled-7 (Fzd7), respectively. The objective of this study was to determine the differential effects of thermal stress on SDC4 and CD44 expression in turkey p. major muscle SCs and how the expression of SDC4 and CD44 is modulated by the mTOR and Wnt/PCP pathways. Satellite cells were isolated from the p. major muscle of 1-week-old faster-growing modern-commercial (NC) turkeys and slower-growing historic Randombred Control Line 2 (RBC2) turkeys, and were challenged with hot (43°C) and cold (33°C) thermal stress for 72 h of proliferation followed by 48 h of differentiation. The NC line SCs were found to contain a lower proportion of SDC4 positive and CD44 negative (SDC4+CD44-) cells and a greater proportion of SDC4 negative and CD44 positive (SDC4-CD44+) cells compared to the RBC2 line at the control temperature (38°C) at both 72 h of proliferation and 48 h of differentiation. In general, at 72 h of proliferation, the proportion of SDC4+CD44- cells decreased with heat stress (43°C) and increased with cold stress (33°C) relative to the control temperature (38°C) in both lines, whereas the proportion of SDC4-CD44+ cells increased with heat stress and decreased with cold stress. In general, the expression of SDC4 and CD44 in the NC SCs showed greater response to both hot and cold thermal stress compared to the RBC2 cells. Knockdown of mTOR or Fzd7 expression increased the proportion of SDC4+CD44- cells while the proportion of SDC4-CD44+ cells decreased during differentiation with line differences being specific to treatment temperatures. Thus, differential composition of p. major muscle SCs in growth-selected commercial turkey may be resulted, in part, from the alteration in SDC4 and CD44 expression. Results indicate differential temperature sensitivity and mTOR and Wnt/PCP pathway responses of growth-selected SC populations and this may have long-lasting effect on muscle development and growth.
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26
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Palazzo I, Kelly L, Koenig L, Fischer AJ. Patterns of NFkB activation resulting from damage, reactive microglia, cytokines, and growth factors in the mouse retina. Exp Neurol 2023; 359:114233. [PMID: 36174748 PMCID: PMC9722628 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Müller glia are a cellular source for neuronal regeneration in vertebrate retinas. However, the capacity for retinal regeneration varies widely across species. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate the reprogramming of Müller glia into progenitor cells is key to reversing the loss of vision that occurs with retinal diseases. In the mammalian retina, NFkB signaling promotes glial reactivity and represses the reprogramming of Müller glia into progenitor cells. Here we investigate different cytokines, growth factors, cell signaling pathways, and damage paradigms that influence NFkB-signaling in the mouse retina. We find that exogenous TNF and IL1β potently activate NFkB-signaling in Müller glia in undamaged retinas, and this activation is independent of microglia. By comparison, TLR1/2 agonist indirectly activates NFkB-signaling in Müller glia, and this activation depends on the presence of microglia as Tlr2 is predominantly expressed by microglia, but not other types of retinal cells. Exogenous FGF2 did not activate NFkB-signaling, whereas CNTF, Osteopontin, WNT4, or inhibition of GSK3β activated NFkB in Müller glia in the absence of neuronal damage. By comparison, dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid agonist, suppressed NFkB-signaling in Müller glia in damaged retinas, in addition to reducing numbers of dying cells and the accumulation of reactive microglia. Although NMDA-induced retinal damage activated NFkB in Müller glia, optic nerve crush had no effect on NFkB activation within the retina, whereas glial cells within the optic nerve were responsive. We conclude that the NFkB pathway is activated in retinal Müller glia in response to many different cell signaling pathways, and activation often depends on signals produced by reactive microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Palazzo
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Lisa Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Lindsay Koenig
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Andy J Fischer
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
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Wöhner B, Li W, Hey S, Drobny A, Werny L, Becker-Pauly C, Lucius R, Zunke F, Linder S, Arnold P. Proteolysis of CD44 at the cell surface controls a downstream protease network. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1026810. [PMID: 36876041 PMCID: PMC9981664 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1026810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell surface receptor cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is the main hyaluronan receptor of the human body. At the cell surface, it can be proteolytically processed by different proteases and was shown to interact with different matrix metalloproteinases. Upon proteolytic processing of CD44 and generation of a C-terminal fragment (CTF), an intracellular domain (ICD) is released after intramembranous cleavage by the γ-secretase complex. This intracellular domain then translocates to the nucleus and induces transcriptional activation of target genes. In the past CD44 was identified as a risk gene for different tumor entities and a switch in CD44 isoform expression towards isoform CD44s associates with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer cell invasion. Here, we introduce meprin β as a new sheddase of CD44 and use a CRISPR/Cas9 approach to deplete CD44 and its sheddases ADAM10 and MMP14 in HeLa cells. We here identify a regulatory loop at the transcriptional level between ADAM10, CD44, MMP14 and MMP2. We show that this interplay is not only present in our cell model, but also across different human tissues as deduced from GTEx (Gene Tissue Expression) data. Furthermore, we identify a close relation between CD44 and MMP14 that is also reflected in functional assays for cell proliferation, spheroid formation, migration and adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Wöhner
- Anatomical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wenjia Li
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Hey
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alice Drobny
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ludwig Werny
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ralph Lucius
- Anatomical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Friederike Zunke
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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28
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Tanner L, Bergwik J, Bhongir RKV, Puthia M, Lång P, Ali MN, Welinder C, Önnerfjord P, Erjefält JS, Palmberg L, Andersson G, Egesten A. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5 (TRAP5) mediates immune cell recruitment in a murine model of pulmonary bacterial infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1079775. [PMID: 36569898 PMCID: PMC9779928 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction During airway infection, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and subsequent immune cell recruitment is essential to mitigate bacterial infection. Conversely, during prolonged and non-resolving airway inflammation, neutrophils contribute to tissue damage and remodeling. This occurs during diseases including cystic fibrosis (CF) and COPD where bacterial pathogens, not least Pseudomonas aeruginosa, contribute to disease progression through long-lasting infections. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 5 is a metalloenzyme expressed by alveolar macrophages and one of its target substrates is the phosphoglycoprotein osteopontin (OPN). Methods We used a knockout mouse strain (Trap5-/-) and BALB/c-Tg (Rela-luc)31Xen mice paired with siRNA administration or functional protein add-back to elucidate the role of Trap5 during bacterial infection. In a series of experiments, Trap5-/- and wild-type control mice received intratracheal administration of P.aerugniosa (Xen41) or LPS, with mice monitored using intravital imaging (IVIS). In addition, multiplex cytokine immunoassays, flow cytometry, multispectral analyses, histological staining were performed. Results In this study, we found that Trap5-/- mice had impaired clearance of P. aeruginosa airway infection and reduced recruitment of immune cells (i.e. neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages). Trap5 knockdown using siRNA resulted in a decreased activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in reporter mice and a subsequent decrease of proinflammatory gene expression. Add-back experiments of enzymatically active TRAP5 to Trap5-/- mice restored immune cell recruitment and bacterial killing. In human CF lung tissue, TRAP5 of alveolar macrophages was detected in proximity to OPN to a higher degree than in normal lung tissue, indicating possible interactions. Discussion Taken together, the findings of this study suggest a key role for TRAP5 in modulating airway inflammation. This could have bearing in diseases such as CF and COPD where excessive neutrophilic inflammation could be targeted by pharmacological inhibitors of TRAP5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Tanner
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jesper Bergwik
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ravi K. V. Bhongir
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Manoj Puthia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lång
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohamad N. Ali
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Welinder
- Swedish National Infrastructure for Biological Mass Spectrometry (BioMS), Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrik Önnerfjord
- Molecular Skeletal Biology, Section for Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas S. Erjefält
- Unit of Airway Inflammation, Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lena Palmberg
- Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Göran Andersson
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology & Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden,*Correspondence: Arne Egesten,
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Immunosuppressive role of SPP1-CD44 in the tumor microenvironment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma assessed by single-cell RNA sequencing. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04498-w. [PMID: 36469154 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04498-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the biological function of Secreted Phosphoprotein 1(SPP1) and its immune suppressive role in the progression intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS We collected 62,770 cells' published transcriptome data of nine patients whose paired adjacent liver and tumor tissues were both available. We applied differential gene expression analysis to screen potential ICC marker genes, survival analysis to verify the prognostic value of SPP1, and correlation analysis to decipher factors that are related to SPP1 expression. The CellChat was used to distinguish interactions between cancer and T cells. CytoSig was applied to query cytokines that modulate CD44. Further, we established a proliferation score and correlated the score with inhibitory signals to determine the proliferation-suppressive function of SPP1-CD44. RESULTS SPP1 expression is significantly upregulated in tumoral epitheliums, and patients with higher SPP1 expression have worse survival (P < 0.05). Tumor cells communicate with T cells via SPP1-CD44 interactions. The average expression of SPP1 in malignant cells (SPP1m) and CD44 in T cells (CD44t) is moderately negatively correlated with T cell proliferation score. Immunosuppressive cytokine TGFβ-3 identified as an inducer of CD44 and was significantly negatively correlated with proliferation score (R = - 0.88, P < 0.01), and the negative correlation was aggravated in samples with high CD44 expression. CONCLUSION SPP1 is a prognostic marker of ICC and is associated with the genome heterogeneity. SPP1-CD44 hinders sustained proliferation of T cells, but immunosuppressive T cells in the tumor microenvironment may evade this inhibition by reducing CD44 expression.
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Osteopontin Splicing Isoforms Contribute to Endometriotic Proliferation, Migration, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Endometrial Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315328. [PMID: 36499654 PMCID: PMC9738877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) isoforms, including OPNb and OPNc, promote malignancy and may contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a benign disorder with multiple characteristics resembling malignant tumors. In our experiments, OPNb and OPNc were significantly overexpressed in both endometriosis and adenomyosis compared to the normal endometrium. Upregulation of CD44v and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process was also present in endometriotic lesions. Overexpression of OPNb and OPNc splicing variants in endometriotic cells evoked morphological changes, actin remodeling, cell proliferation, cell migration, and EMT through binding OPN ligand receptors CD44 and αvβ3, subsequently activating the PI3K and NF-ĸB pathways. We elucidated the causal role of OPN splice variants in regulating endometriotic cell growth, which may promote the development of OPN-targeted therapies for patients suffering from endometriotic disorders.
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Anti-osteopontin therapy leads to improved edema and infarct size in a murine model of ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20925. [PMID: 36463381 PMCID: PMC9719559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a serious neurological disorder that is associated with dysregulation of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Paradoxically, reperfusion therapies can aggravate NVU and BBB dysfunction, leading to deleterious consequences in addition to the obvious benefits. Using the recently established EPAM-ia method, we identified osteopontin as a target dysregulated in multiple NVU cell types and demonstrated that osteopontin targeting in the early acute phase post-transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) evolves protective effects. Here, we assessed the time course of osteopontin and CD44 receptor expression in NVU cells and examined cerebroprotective effects of osteopontin targeting in early and late acute phases of ischemic stroke. Expression analysis of osteopontin and CD44 receptor post-tMCAO indicated increased levels of both, from early to late acute phases, which was supported by their co-localization in NVU cells. Combined osteopontin targeting in early and late acute phases with anti-osteopontin antibody resulted in further improvement in BBB recovery and edema reduction compared to targeting only in the early acute phase comprising the reperfusion window. Combined targeting led to reduced infarct volumes, which was not observed for the single early acute phase targeting. The effects of the therapeutic antibody were confirmed both in vitro and in vivo in reducing osteopontin and CD44 expression. Osteopontin targeting at the NVU in early and late acute phases of ischemic stroke improves edema and infarct size in mice, suggesting anti-osteopontin therapy as promising adjunctive treatment to reperfusion therapy.
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Klocke J, Kim SJ, Skopnik CM, Hinze C, Boltengagen A, Metzke D, Grothgar E, Prskalo L, Wagner L, Freund P, Görlich N, Muench F, Schmidt-Ott KM, Mashreghi MF, Kocks C, Eckardt KU, Rajewsky N, Enghard P. Urinary single-cell sequencing captures kidney injury and repair processes in human acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2022; 102:1359-1370. [PMID: 36049643 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major health issue, the outcome of which depends primarily on damage and reparative processes of tubular epithelial cells. Mechanisms underlying AKI remain incompletely understood, specific therapies are lacking and monitoring the course of AKI in clinical routine is confined to measuring urine output and plasma levels of filtration markers. Here we demonstrate feasibility and potential of a novel approach to assess the cellular and molecular dynamics of AKI by establishing a robust urine-to-single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) pipeline for excreted kidney cells via flow cytometry sorting. We analyzed 42,608 single cell transcriptomes of 40 urine samples from 32 patients with AKI and compared our data with reference material from human AKI post-mortem biopsies and published mouse data. We demonstrate that tubular epithelial cells transcriptomes mirror kidney pathology and reflect distinct injury and repair processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue rearrangement. We also describe an AKI-specific abundant urinary excretion of adaptive progenitor-like cells. Thus, single cell transcriptomics of kidney cells excreted in urine provides noninvasive, unprecedented insight into cellular processes underlying AKI, thereby opening novel opportunities for target identification, AKI sub-categorization, and monitoring of natural disease course and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Klocke
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher M Skopnik
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Hinze
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anastasiya Boltengagen
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Metzke
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emil Grothgar
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luka Prskalo
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Wagner
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Freund
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Görlich
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frédéric Muench
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai M Schmidt-Ott
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Therapeutic Gene Regulation, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Kocks
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Rajewsky
- Systems Biology of Gene-Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Enghard
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
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Macrophages in Lupus Nephritis: Exploring a potential new therapeutic avenue. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 21:103211. [PMID: 36252930 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that occurs in about half of patients. LN is characterized by glomerular deposition of immune complexes, leading to subendothelial, mesangial and subepithelial electron dense deposits, triggering immune cell infiltration and glomerular as well as tubulointerstitial injury. Monocytes and macrophages are abundantly present in inflammatory lesions, both in glomeruli and the tubulointerstitium. Here we discuss how monocytes and macrophages are involved in this process and how monocytes and macrophages may represent specific therapeutic targets to control LN.
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Yim A, Smith C, Brown AM. Osteopontin/secreted phosphoprotein-1 harnesses glial-, immune-, and neuronal cell ligand-receptor interactions to sense and regulate acute and chronic neuroinflammation. Immunol Rev 2022; 311:224-233. [PMID: 35451082 PMCID: PMC9790650 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) also known by its official gene designation secreted phosphoprotein-1 (SPP1) is a fascinating, multifunctional protein expressed in a number of cell types that functions not only in intercellular communication, but also in the extracellular matrix (ECM). OPN/SPP1 possesses cytokine, chemokine, and signal transduction functions by virtue of modular structural motifs that provide interaction surfaces for integrins and CD44-variant receptors. In humans, there are three experimentally verified splice variants of OPN/SPP1 and CD44's ten exons are also alternatively spiced in a cell/tissue-specific manner, although very little is known about how this is regulated in the central nervous system (CNS). Post-translational modifications of phosphorylation, glycosylation, and localized cleavage by specific proteases in the cells and tissues where OPN/SPP1 functions, provides additional layers of specificity. However, the former make elucidating the exact molecular mechanisms of OPN/SPP1 function more complex. Flexibility in OPN/SPP1 structure and its engagement with integrins having the ability to transmit signals in inside-out and outside-in direction, is likely why OPN/SPP1 can serve as an early detector of inflammation and ongoing tissue damage in response to cancer, stroke, traumatic brain injury, pathogenic infection, and neurodegeneration, processes that impair tissue homeostasis. This review will focus on what is currently known about OPN/SPP1 function in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Yim
- NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Christian Smith
- NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Amanda M. Brown
- NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Simoes DCM, Paschalidis N, Kourepini E, Panoutsakopoulou V. An integrin axis induces IFN-β production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213363. [PMID: 35878016 PMCID: PMC9354318 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN) production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) has been mainly studied in the context of Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. In the current report, we reveal that, in the absence of TLR activation, the integrin-binding SLAYGLR motif of secreted osteopontin (sOpn) induces IFN-β production in murine pDCs. This process is mediated by α4β1 integrin, indicating that integrin triggering may act as a subtle danger signal leading to IFN-β induction. The SLAYGLR-mediated α4 integrin/IFN-β axis is MyD88 independent and operates via a PI3K/mTOR/IRF3 pathway. Consequently, SLAYGLR-treated pDCs produce increased levels of type I IFNs following TLR stimulation. Intratumoral administration of SLAYGLR induces accumulation of IFN-β-expressing pDCs and efficiently suppresses melanoma tumor growth. In this process, pDCs are crucial. Finally, SLAYGLR enhances pDC development from bone marrow progenitors. These findings open new questions on the roles of sOpn and integrin α4 during homeostasis and inflammation. The newly identified integrin/IFN-β axis may be implicated in a wide array of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davina Camargo Madeira Simoes
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nikolaos Paschalidis
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kourepini
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vily Panoutsakopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Itoh Y. Proteolytic modulation of tumor microenvironment signals during cancer progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:935231. [PMID: 36132127 PMCID: PMC9483212 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.935231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal conditions, the cellular microenvironment is optimized for the proper functioning of the tissues and organs. Cells recognize and communicate with the surrounding cells and extracellular matrix to maintain homeostasis. When cancer arises, the cellular microenvironment is modified to optimize its malignant growth, evading the host immune system and finding ways to invade and metastasize to other organs. One means is a proteolytic modification of the microenvironment and the signaling molecules. It is now well accepted that cancer progression relies on not only the performance of cancer cells but also the surrounding microenvironment. This mini-review discusses the current understanding of the proteolytic modification of the microenvironment signals during cancer progression.
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Bai RJ, Liu D, Li YS, Tian J, Yu DJ, Li HZ, Zhang FJ. OPN inhibits autophagy through CD44, integrin and the MAPK pathway in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:919366. [PMID: 36034459 PMCID: PMC9411521 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.919366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate whether osteopontin (OPN) affects autophagy in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and determine the roles of CD44, αvβ3 integrin and the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in this progress. Methods First, we compared the autophagy levels in the human osteoarthritis (OA) and normal cartilage, then, we cultured human OA chondrocytes in vitro and treated cells with recombinant human OPN (rhOPN) to determine autophagy changes. Next, the anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 monoclonal antibodies (Abs) or isotype IgG were used to determine the possible role of CD44 and αvβ3 integrin; subsequently, an inhibitor of the ERK MAPK pathway was used to investigate the role of ERK MAPK. Western blotting was used to measure the Beclin1, LC3 II and MAPK proteins expressions, mRFP-GFP-LC3 confocal imaging and transmission electron microscopy were also used to detect the autophagy levels. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to assay the proliferation and activity of chondrocytes. Results The LC3 protein was greatly decreased in OA cartilage compared to normal cartilage, and OPN suppressed the autophagy activity in chondrocytes in vitro. Blocking experiments with anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 Abs indicated that OPN could suppress the expression of LC3II and Beclin1 through αvβ3 integrin and CD44. Our results also indicated that the ratio of p-ERK/ERK but not p-P38/P38 and p-JNK/JNK was increased after the rhOPN treatment. The ERK inhibitor inhibited the activity of OPN in the suppression of autophagy, and the CCK-8 results showed that rhOPN could promote chondrocyte proliferation. Conclusion OPN inhibited chondrocyte autophagy through CD44 and αvβ3 integrin receptors and via the ERK MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jun Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Deng-Jie Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Heng-Zhen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Fernández-Tabanera E, Melero-Fernández de Mera RM, Alonso J. CD44 In Sarcomas: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives. Front Oncol 2022; 12:909450. [PMID: 35785191 PMCID: PMC9247467 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.909450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the tumor microenvironment, particularly the extracellular matrix, plays an essential role in the development of tumors through the interaction with specific protein-membrane receptors. One of the most relevant proteins in this context is the transmembrane protein CD44. The role of CD44 in tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis has been well established in many cancers, although a comprehensive review concerning its role in sarcomas has not been published. CD44 is overexpressed in most sarcomas and several in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown a direct effect on tumor progression, dissemination, and drug resistance. Moreover, CD44 has been revealed as a useful marker for prognostic and diagnostic (CD44v6 isoform) in osteosarcoma. Besides, some innovative treatments such as HA-functionalized liposomes therapy have become an excellent CD44-mediated intracellular delivery system for osteosarcoma. Unfortunately, the reduced number of studies deciphering the prognostic/diagnostic value of CD44 in other sarcoma subgroups, neither than osteosarcoma, in addition to the low number of patients involved in those studies, have produced inconclusive results. In this review, we have gone through the information available on the role of CD44 in the development, maintenance, and progression of sarcomas, analyzing their implications at the prognostic, therapeutic, and mechanistic levels. Moreover, we illustrate how research involving the specific role of CD44 in the different sarcoma subgroups could suppose a chance to advance towards a more innovative perspective for novel therapies and future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Fernández-Tabanera
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (U758; CB06/07/1009; CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel M. Melero-Fernández de Mera
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (U758; CB06/07/1009; CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Alonso
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (U758; CB06/07/1009; CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Javier Alonso,
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Macrophages Cytokine Spp1 Increases Growth of Prostate Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Promote Prostate Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084247. [PMID: 35457063 PMCID: PMC9027984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer development and progression are associated with increased infiltrating macrophages. Prostate cancer is derived from prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions. However, the effects macrophages have on PIN progression remain unclear. Here, we showed that the recruited macrophages adjacent to PIN expressed M2 macrophage markers. In addition, high levels of Spp1 transcripts, also known as osteopontin, were identified in these macrophages. Extraneously added Spp1 accelerated PIN cell proliferation through activation of Akt and JNK in a 3D culture setting. We also showed that PIN cells expressed CD44, integrin αv, integrin β1, and integrin β3, all of which have been previously reported as receptors for Spp1. Finally, blockade of Akt and JNK activation through their specific inhibitor completely abolished macrophage Spp1-induced cell proliferation of PIN. Hence, our data revealed Spp1 as another macrophage cytokine/growth factor and its mediated mechanism to upregulate PIN cell growth, thus promoting prostate cancer development.
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Rosmus DD, Lange C, Ludwig F, Ajami B, Wieghofer P. The Role of Osteopontin in Microglia Biology: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040840. [PMID: 35453590 PMCID: PMC9027630 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune landscape of the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain and the retina, consists of different myeloid cell populations with distinct tasks to fulfill. Whereas the CNS borders harbor extraparenchymal CNS-associated macrophages whose main duty is to build up a defense against invading pathogens and other damaging factors from the periphery, the resident immune cells of the CNS parenchyma and the retina, microglia, are highly dynamic cells with a plethora of functions during homeostasis and disease. Therefore, microglia are constantly sensing their environment and closely interacting with surrounding cells, which is in part mediated by soluble factors. One of these factors is Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional protein that is produced by different cell types in the CNS, including microglia, and is upregulated in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions. In this review, we discuss the current literature about the interaction between microglia and OPN in homeostasis and several disease entities, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s and cerebrovascular diseases (AD, CVD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), in the context of the molecular pathways involved in OPN signaling shaping the function of microglia. As nearly all CNS diseases are characterized by pathological alterations in microglial cells, accompanied by the disturbance of the homeostatic microglia phenotype, the emergence of disease-associated microglia (DAM) states and their interplay with factors shaping the DAM-signature, such as OPN, is of great interest for therapeutical interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clemens Lange
- Eye Center, Freiburg Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Ophtha-Lab, Department of Ophthalmology, St. Franziskus Hospital, 48145 Muenster, Germany
| | - Franziska Ludwig
- Eye Center, Freiburg Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (C.L.); (F.L.)
| | - Bahareh Ajami
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
| | - Peter Wieghofer
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Cellular Neuroanatomy, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Augsburg University, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Definition of a mouse microglial subset that regulates neuronal development and proinflammatory responses in the brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2116241119. [PMID: 35177477 PMCID: PMC8872761 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116241119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of Itgax (encoding the CD11c surface protein) and Spp1 (encoding osteopontin; OPN) has been associated with activated microglia that can develop in healthy brains and some neuroinflammatory disorders. However, whether CD11c and OPN expression is a consequence of microglial activation or represents a portion of the genetic program expressed by a stable microglial subset is unknown. Here, we show that OPN production in the brain is confined to a small CD11c+ microglial subset that differentiates from CD11c- precursors in perinatal life after uptake of apoptotic neurons. Our analysis suggests that coexpression of OPN and CD11c marks a microglial subset that is expressed at birth and persists into late adult life, independent of environmental activation stimuli. Analysis of the contribution of OPN to the intrinsic functions of this CD11c+ microglial subset indicates that OPN is required for subset stability and the execution of phagocytic and proinflammatory responses, in part through OPN-dependent engagement of the αVβ3-integrin receptor. Definition of OPN-producing CD11c+ microglia as a functional microglial subset provides insight into microglial differentiation in health and disease.
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Natella F, Guantario B, Ambra R, Ranaldi G, Intorre F, Burki C, Canali R. Human Metabolites of Hamaforton™ ( Hamamelis virginiana L. Extract) Modulates Fibroblast Extracellular Matrix Components in Response to UV-A Irradiation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:747638. [PMID: 34975471 PMCID: PMC8719534 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.747638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hamamelis virginiana L. a rich source of both condensed and hydrolyzable tannins, utilized to treat dermatological disorders. Since no experimental and clinical data is available for its use as oral formulation in skin related disorders, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Hamaforton™ (Hamamelis virginiana extract) metabolites on gene dysregulation induced by ultraviolet A radiation in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. A combination of in vivo and ex vivo experimental designs has been exploited in order to take into account the polyphenol metabolic transformation that occurs in humans. 12 healthy volunteers received either a capsule of Hamaforton™ or a placebo in a randomized, blinded crossover trial. After Hamaforton™ ingestion, the kinetic of appearance of galloyl derivatives was measured in plasma. Then, in the ex vivo experiment, the serum isolated after supplementation was used as a source of Hamaforton™ metabolites to enrich the culture medium of dermal fibroblasts exposed to ultraviolet A radiation. Three different gallic acid metabolites (4-O-methyl gallic acid, 4-O-methyl gallic acid sulphate and trimethyl gallic acid glucuronide) were identified in volunteer plasma. While, ultraviolet A irradiation of dermal fibroblasts affected the expression of extracellular matrix genes, the presence of Hamaforton™ metabolites in the culture media did not affect the expression of most of those genes. However, the activation of the expression of 10 different genes involved in repair processes for the maintenance of skin integrity, suggest that the metabolites can play a role in damage recovery. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the bioavailability of Hamaforton™ phenolic compounds, and the effects of its metabolites on cultured dermal fibroblast response to ultraviolet A irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausta Natella
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA-Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Guantario
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA-Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Ambra
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA-Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ranaldi
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA-Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Intorre
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA-Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Canali
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA-Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Rome, Italy
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Spitzer D, Guérit S, Puetz T, Khel MI, Armbrust M, Dunst M, Macas J, Zinke J, Devraj G, Jia X, Croll F, Sommer K, Filipski K, Freiman TM, Looso M, Günther S, Di Tacchio M, Plate KH, Reiss Y, Liebner S, Harter PN, Devraj K. Profiling the neurovascular unit unveils detrimental effects of osteopontin on the blood-brain barrier in acute ischemic stroke. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:305-337. [PMID: 35752654 PMCID: PMC9288377 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02452-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, characterized by degradation of BBB junctional proteins and increased permeability, is a crucial pathophysiological feature of acute ischemic stroke. Dysregulation of multiple neurovascular unit (NVU) cell types is involved in BBB breakdown in ischemic stroke that may be further aggravated by reperfusion therapy. Therefore, therapeutic co-targeting of dysregulated NVU cell types in acute ischemic stroke constitutes a promising strategy to preserve BBB function and improve clinical outcome. However, methods for simultaneous isolation of multiple NVU cell types from the same diseased central nervous system (CNS) tissue, crucial for the identification of therapeutic targets in dysregulated NVU cells, are lacking. Here, we present the EPAM-ia method, that facilitates simultaneous isolation and analysis of the major NVU cell types (endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes and microglia) for the identification of therapeutic targets in dysregulated NVU cells to improve the BBB function. Applying this method, we obtained a high yield of pure NVU cells from murine ischemic brain tissue, and generated a valuable NVU transcriptome database ( https://bioinformatics.mpi-bn.mpg.de/SGD_Stroke ). Dissection of the NVU transcriptome revealed Spp1, encoding for osteopontin, to be highly upregulated in all NVU cells 24 h after ischemic stroke. Upregulation of osteopontin was confirmed in stroke patients by immunostaining, which was comparable with that in mice. Therapeutic targeting by subcutaneous injection of an anti-osteopontin antibody post-ischemic stroke in mice resulted in neutralization of osteopontin expression in the NVU cell types investigated. Apart from attenuated glial activation, osteopontin neutralization was associated with BBB preservation along with decreased brain edema and reduced risk for hemorrhagic transformation, resulting in improved neurological outcome and survival. This was supported by BBB-impairing effects of osteopontin in vitro. The clinical significance of these findings is that anti-osteopontin antibody therapy might augment current approved reperfusion therapies in acute ischemic stroke by minimizing deleterious effects of ischemia-induced BBB disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Spitzer
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721LOEWE - Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sylvaine Guérit
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tim Puetz
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maryam I. Khel
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Moritz Armbrust
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maika Dunst
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jadranka Macas
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jenny Zinke
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gayatri Devraj
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Xiaoxiong Jia
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Croll
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kathleen Sommer
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katharina Filipski
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.511198.5Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Freiman
- grid.413108.f0000 0000 9737 0454Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721LOEWE - Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mario Looso
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mariangela Di Tacchio
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Plate
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.511198.5Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721LOEWE - Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yvonne Reiss
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.511198.5Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721LOEWE - Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Liebner
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,Excellence Cluster Cardio Pulmonary System (CPI), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721LOEWE - Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Patrick N. Harter
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.511198.5Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60528 Frankfurt, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721LOEWE - Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kavi Devraj
- Edinger Institute (Institute of Neurology), University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany. .,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), 60528, Frankfurt, Germany. .,LOEWE - Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe University, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Sun XY, Zhang H, Deng JW, Yu BX, Zhang YH, Ouyang JM. Regulatory Effects of Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells After Repair by Porphyra yezoensis Polysaccharides with Different Sulfation Degree on the Calcium Oxalate Crystal-Cell Interaction. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:8087-8102. [PMID: 34934314 PMCID: PMC8684390 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s320278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between urinary microcrystals and renal epithelial cells is closely related to kidney stone formation. However, the mechanism of cell state changes that affect crystal-cell interaction remains unclear. METHODS This study investigated the relationship between the sulfate group (-OSO3 -) content in Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide (PYP) and the ability to repair damaged cells, as well as the changes in cell adhesion and endocytosis of nano-calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals before and after PYP repair of damaged renal tubular epithelial cells. The sulfur trioxide-pyridine method was used to sulfate PYP (-OSO3 - content of 14.14%), and two kinds of sulfated PYPs with -OSO3 - content of 20.28% (SPYP1) and 27.14% (SPYP2) were obtained. The above three PYPs were used to repair oxalate-damaged human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), and the changes in the biochemical indicators of the cells before and after the repair and the changes in cell adhesion and endocytosis of nano-COM crystals were detected. RESULTS After repair by PYPs, the cell viability increased, the number of reactive oxygen species decreased, and the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of intracellular Ca2+ were suppressed. The cells repaired by PYPs inhibited the adhesion of nano-COM crystals while promoting the endocytosis of the adhered crystals. The endocytosed crystals mainly accumulated in the lysosome. The ability of PYPs to repair cell damage, inhibit crystal adhesion, and promote crystal endocytosis was enhanced when the -OSO3 - content increased. Among them, SPYP2 with the highest -OSO3 - content showed the best biological activity. CONCLUSION SPYP2 showed the best ability to repair damaged cells, followed by SPYP1 and PYP. SPYP2 may become a potential green drug that inhibits the formation and recurrence of calcium oxalate stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510230, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Wang Deng
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510230, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bang-Xian Yu
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510230, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Han Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510230, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
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Elshalofy A, Wagener K, Weber K, Blanco M, Bauersachs S, Bollwein H. Identification of genes associated with susceptibility to persistent breeding-induced endometritis by RNA-sequencing of uterine cytobrush samples. Reprod Biol 2021; 22:100577. [PMID: 34883452 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the susceptibility to persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE). Cytobrush samples were collected from 81 broodmares 1-3 days before artificial insemination (AI). Susceptibility to PBIE was evaluated by the presence of ≥ 2 cm of intrauterine fluid 24 h after AI, besides the fertility was determined by a sonographic pregnancy diagnosis 2 weeks after ovulation. RNA expressions were compared between susceptible non-pregnant (SNP) mares (n=9) and resistant pregnant (RP) mares (n=9) as well as between susceptible pregnant (SP) mares (n=9) and susceptible non-pregnant (SNP) mares. 66 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between SNP and RP mares and 60 DEGs between SP and SNP mares. In SNP compared to RP mares, transcript levels of genes regulating steroid hormone metabolism and neutrophil chemotaxis were lower, while higher for genes participating in uterine inflammation.Transcripts of genes related to extracellular matrix degradation, tissue adhesions, and fibrosis were lower in SP mares than in SNP mares, while higher for genes related to uterine cell proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis in SP mares than SNP mares. In conclusion, increased transcript levels of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and roundabout 2 (ROBO2), cluster domain 44 (CD44), integrin beta 3 (ITGB3), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are possible biomarkers for susceptibility to PBIE. While higher expression of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), kinase domain receptor (KDR), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) 16, collagen type V alpha 2 (COL5A2) and fibronectin (FN1) are suggested indicators of fertility in susceptible mares if they receive proper breeding management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Elshalofy
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Karen Wagener
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Weber
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Bauersachs
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Bollwein
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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Itoh Y. Modulation of Microenvironment Signals by Proteolytic Shedding of Cell Surface Extracellular Matrix Receptors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736735. [PMID: 34796172 PMCID: PMC8593224 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicellular organisms are composed of cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM is a network of multidomain macromolecules that fills gaps between cells. It acts as a glue to connect cells, provides scaffolding for migrating cells, and pools cytokines and growth factors. ECM also directly sends signals to the cells through ECM receptors, providing survival signals and migration cues. Altogether, ECM provides a correct microenvironment for the cells to function in the tissue. Although ECM acts as a signaling molecule, they are insoluble solid molecules, unlike soluble receptor ligands such as cytokines and growth factors. Upon cell binding to the ECM through ECM receptors and signals transmitted, cells then need to have a mechanism to release from ECM to prevent prolonged signals, which may be tumorigenic, and migrate on ECM. One effective means to release the cells from ECM is to cleave the ECM receptors by proteinases. In this mini-review, current knowledge of ECM receptor shedding will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Itoh
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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47
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Briones-Orta MA, Delgado-Coello B, Gutiérrez-Vidal R, Sosa-Garrocho M, Macías-Silva M, Mas-Oliva J. Quantitative Expression of Key Cancer Markers in the AS-30D Hepatocarcinoma Model. Front Oncol 2021; 11:670292. [PMID: 34737944 PMCID: PMC8561839 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.670292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the cancers with the highest mortality rate worldwide. HCC is often diagnosed when the disease is already in an advanced stage, making the discovery and implementation of biomarkers for the disease a critical aim in cancer research. In this study, we aim to quantify the transcript levels of key signaling molecules relevant to different pathways known to participate in tumorigenesis, with special emphasis on those related to cancer hallmarks and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, using as a model the murine transplantable hepatocarcinoma AS-30D. Using qPCR to quantify the mRNA levels of genes involved in tumorigenesis, we found elevated levels for Tgfb1 and Spp1, two master regulators of EMT. A mesenchymal signature profile for AS-30D cells is also supported by the overexpression of genes encoding for molecules known to be associated to aggressiveness and metastatic phenotypes such as Foxm1, C-met, and Inppl1. This study supports the use of the AS-30D cells as an efficient and cost-effective model to study gene expression changes in HCC, especially those associated with the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Briones-Orta
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca Delgado-Coello
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana Gutiérrez-Vidal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Sosa-Garrocho
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marina Macías-Silva
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Mas-Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Ustyuzhanina NE, Anisimova NY, Bilan MI, Donenko FV, Morozevich GE, Yashunskiy DV, Usov AI, Siminyan NG, Kirgisov KI, Varfolomeeva SR, Kiselevskiy MV, Nifantiev NE. Chondroitin Sulfate and Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate as Stimulators of Hematopoiesis in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1074. [PMID: 34832856 PMCID: PMC8623974 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunosuppression and inhibition of hematopoiesis are considered to be reasons for the development of complications after intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Chondroitin sulfate (CS), isolated from the fish Salmo salar, and fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS), isolated from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, were studied for their roles as stimulators of hematopoiesis in a model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice. The recombinant protein r G-CSF was applied as a reference. The studied polysaccharides were shown to stimulate the release of white and red blood cells, as well as platelets from bone marrow in immunosuppressed mice, while r G-CSF was only responsible for the significant increase in the level of leucocytes. The analysis of different populations of leucocytes in blood indicated that r G-CSF mainly stimulated the production of neutrophils, whereas in the cases of the studied saccharides, increases in the levels of monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils were observed. The normalization of the level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the serum and the recovery of cell populations in the spleen were observed in immunosuppressed mice following treatment with the polysaccharides. An increase in the proliferative activity of hematopoietic cells CD34(+)CD45(+) was observed following ex vivo polysaccharide exposure. Further study on related oligosaccharides regarding their potential as promising drugs in the complex prophylaxis and therapy of hematopoiesis inhibition after intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation seems to be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda E. Ustyuzhanina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.I.U.)
| | - Natalia Yu. Anisimova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.A.); (F.V.D.); (N.G.S.); (K.I.K.); (S.R.V.)
| | - Maria I. Bilan
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.I.U.)
| | - Fedor V. Donenko
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.A.); (F.V.D.); (N.G.S.); (K.I.K.); (S.R.V.)
| | - Galina E. Morozevich
- V.N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya Str. 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (G.E.M.); (D.V.Y.)
| | - Dmitriy V. Yashunskiy
- V.N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya Str. 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (G.E.M.); (D.V.Y.)
| | - Anatolii I. Usov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.I.U.)
| | - Nara G. Siminyan
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.A.); (F.V.D.); (N.G.S.); (K.I.K.); (S.R.V.)
| | - Kirill I. Kirgisov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.A.); (F.V.D.); (N.G.S.); (K.I.K.); (S.R.V.)
| | - Svetlana R. Varfolomeeva
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.A.); (F.V.D.); (N.G.S.); (K.I.K.); (S.R.V.)
| | - Mikhail V. Kiselevskiy
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.A.); (F.V.D.); (N.G.S.); (K.I.K.); (S.R.V.)
| | - Nikolay E. Nifantiev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.I.B.); (A.I.U.)
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Chaudhry GES, Akim A, Naveed Zafar M, Safdar N, Sung YY, Muhammad TST. Understanding Hyaluronan Receptor (CD44) Interaction, HA-CD44 Activated Potential Targets in Cancer Therapeutics. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:426-438. [PMID: 34513617 PMCID: PMC8421618 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex mechanism involving a series of cellular events. The glycoproteins such as hyaluronan (HA) are a significant element of extracellular matrix (ECM), involve in the onset of cancer developmental process. The pivotal roles of HA in cancer progression depend on dysregulated expression in various cancer. HA, also gain attention due to consideration as a primary ligand of CD44 receptor. The CD44, complex transmembrane receptor protein, due to alternative splicing in the transcription process, various CD44 isoforms predominantly exist. The overexpression of distinct CD44 isoforms (CD44v) standard (CD44s) depends on the tumour type and stage. The receptor proteins, CD44 engage in a variety of biological processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis. HA-CD44 interaction trigger survival pathways that result in cell proliferation, invasion ultimately complex metastasis. The interaction and binding of ligand-receptor HA-CD44 regulate the downstream cytoskeleton pathways involve in cell survival or cell death. Thus, targeting HA, CD44 (variant and standard) isoform, and HA-CD44 binding consider as an attractive and useful approach towards cancer therapeutics. The use of various inhibitors of HA, hyaluronidases (HYALs), and utilizing targeted Nano-delivery of anticancer agents and antibodies against CD44, peptides gives promising results in vitro and in vivo. However, they are in clinical trials with favourable and unfavourable outcomes, which reflects the need for various modifications in targeting agents and a better understanding of potential targets in tumour progression pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul-E-Saba Chaudhry
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Abdah Akim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Naila Safdar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Yeong Yik Sung
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
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Lou H, Wu LQ, Wang H, Wei RL, Cheng JW. The Potential Role of Osteopontin in the Pathogenesis of Graves' Ophthalmopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:18. [PMID: 34546326 PMCID: PMC8458783 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.12.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and its relationship with relative cytokines in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO), and to observe the effect of OPN on orbital fibroblasts (OFs) proliferation, migration, and the expression of relative cytokines, as well as the signaling pathways involved in its effect. Methods The orbital adipose connective tissue was obtained from 24 patients with GO (12 cases of active GO, and 12 cases of inactive GO) and 12 healthy controls. OFs were isolated from orbital tissues obtained from patients with active GO who were undergoing orbital decompression surgery. Quantitative PCR and Western blot were performed to detect RNA and protein expression. The proliferation and cell migration rates of OFs were measured by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) and the cell scratch test. Signaling pathway inhibitors, such as OPN monoclonal antibody 1A12, ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059, and PI3K inhibitor LY294002, were applied to determine the involved pathways. Results The mRNA and protein levels of OPN were increased in orbital adipose connective tissue from patients with active GO than those from patients with inactive GO (2.83-fold increase, P < 0.001; 1.91-fold increase, P < 0.05). The OPN mRNA level was positively correlated with CD40 ligand (CD40L) and hyaluronan synthases 2 (HAS2) mRNA in patients with GO. OPN promoted proliferation and migration rate of OFs and induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and collagen I mRNA expression, and the effects were inhibited by 1A12 or LY294002. Conclusions OPN in orbital adipose connective tissues were significantly increase in active GO, and there were significant correlations of OPN with CD40L and HAS2 mRNA levels in patients with GO. OPN promoted proliferation and migration of OFs and induced VEGF and collagen I mRNA expression in OFs through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This suggested a role for OPN in the pathogenesis of GO through the activation of OFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian-Qun Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Li Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Wei Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
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