1
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Wang H, Wang S, Song Y, Zhao Y, Li Z, Shen Y, Peng Z, Gao D, Wang G, Bao X. Boosting Electrocatalytic Ethylene Epoxidation by Single Atom Modulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402950. [PMID: 38512110 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical synthesis of ethylene oxide (EO) using ethylene and water under ambient conditions presents a low-carbon alternative to existing industrial production process. Yet, the electrocatalytic ethylene epoxidation route is currently hindered by largely insufficient activity, EO selectivity, and long-term stability. Here we report a single atom Ru-doped hollandite structure KIr4O8 (KIrRuO) nanowire catalyst for efficient EO production via a chloride-mediated ethylene epoxidation process. The KIrRuO catalyst exhibits an EO partial current density up to 0.7 A cm-2 and an EO yield as high as 92.0 %. The impressive electrocatalytic performance towards ethylene epoxidation is ascribed to the modulation of electronic structures of adjacent Ir sites by single Ru atoms, which stabilizes the *CH2CH2OH intermediate and facilitates the formation of active Cl2 species during the generation of 2-chloroethanol, the precursor of EO. This work provides a single atom modulation strategy for improving the reactivity of adjacent metal sites in heterogeneous electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yanpeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuxiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhangquan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Dunfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guoxiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xinhe Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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2
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Meng N, Wu Z, Huang Y, Zhang J, Chen M, Ma H, Li H, Xi S, Lin M, Wu W, Han S, Yu Y, Yang QH, Zhang B, Loh KP. High yield electrosynthesis of oxygenates from CO using a relay Cu-Ag co-catalyst system. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3892. [PMID: 38719816 PMCID: PMC11078980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based manufacture of bulk oxygenates, electrochemical synthesis using CO and H2O as raw materials at ambient conditions offers immense appeal. However, the upscaling of the electrosynthesis of oxygenates encounters kinetic bottlenecks arising from the competing hydrogen evolution reaction with the selective production of ethylene. Herein, a catalytic relay system that can perform in tandem CO capture, activation, intermediate transfer and enrichment on a Cu-Ag composite catalyst is used for attaining high yield CO-to-oxygenates electrosynthesis at high current densities. The composite catalyst Cu/30Ag (molar ratio of Cu to Ag is 7:3) enables high efficiency CO-to-oxygenates conversion, attaining a maximum partial current density for oxygenates of 800 mA cm-2 at an applied current density of 1200 mA cm-2, and with 67 % selectivity. The ability to finely control the production of ethylene and oxygenates highlights the principle of efficient catalyst design based on the relay mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Meng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhitan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Maoxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Haibin Ma
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Hongjiao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency of Science Technology and Research, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Ming Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency of Science Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #0-03, Imnovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Wenya Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency of Science Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #0-03, Imnovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Shuhe Han
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yifu Yu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China.
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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3
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Si D, Teng X, Xiong B, Chen L, Shi J. Electrocatalytic functional group conversion-based carbon resource upgrading. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6269-6284. [PMID: 38699249 PMCID: PMC11062096 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00175c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The conversions of carbon resources, such as alcohols, aldehydes/ketones, and ethers, have been being one of the hottest topics most recently for the goal of carbon neutralization. The emerging electrocatalytic upgrading has been regarded as a promising strategy aiming to convert carbon resources into value-added chemicals. Although exciting progress has been made and reviewed recently in this area by mostly focusing on the explorations of valuable anodic oxidation or cathodic reduction reactions individually, however, the reaction rules of these reactions are still missing, and how to purposely find or rationally design novel but efficient reactions in batches is still challenging. The properties and transformations of key functional groups in substrate molecules play critically important roles in carbon resources conversion reactions, which have been paid more attention to and may offer hidden keys to achieve the above goal. In this review, the properties of functional groups are addressed and discussed in detail, and the reported electrocatalytic upgrading reactions are summarized in four categories based on the types of functional groups of carbon resources. Possible reaction pathways closely related to functional groups will be summarized from the aspects of activation, cleavage and formation of chemical bonds. The current challenges and future opportunities of electrocatalytic upgrading of carbon resources are discussed at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Si
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xue Teng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Bingyan Xiong
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai 200072 P. R. China
| | - Lisong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming Shanghai 202162 China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 P. R. China
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4
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Chi M, Ke J, Liu Y, Wei M, Li H, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Gu Z, Geng Z, Zeng J. Spatial decoupling of bromide-mediated process boosts propylene oxide electrosynthesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3646. [PMID: 38684683 PMCID: PMC11059342 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical synthesis of propylene oxide is far from practical application due to the limited performance (including activity, stability, and selectivity). In this work, we spatially decouple the bromide-mediated process to avoid direct contact between the anode and propylene, where bromine is generated at the anode and then transferred into an independent reactor to react with propylene. This strategy effectively prevents the side reactions and eliminates the interference to stability caused by massive alkene input and vigorously stirred electrolytes. As expected, the selectivity for propylene oxide reaches above 99.9% with a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 91% and stability of 750-h (>30 days). When the electrode area is scaled up to 25 cm2, 262 g of pure propylene oxide is obtained after 50-h continuous electrolysis at 6.25 A. These findings demonstrate that the electrochemical bromohydrin route represents a viable alternative for the manufacture of epoxides.
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Grants
- This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1500500, 2019YFA0405600), National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (21925204), NSFC (U19A2015, 22221003, 22250007, and 22209161), Provincial Key Research and Development Program of Anhui (202004a05020074), CAS project for young scientists in basic research (YSBR-051), K. C. Wong Education (GJTD-2020-15), Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center, CAS (2022HSC-CIP004), the Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (YLU-DNL Fund 2022012), International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (123GJHZ2022101GC), USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative (YD2340002002, YD9990002014), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Chi
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Ke
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Miaojin Wei
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Jiankang Zhao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Geng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Zeng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 243002, Ma'anshan, Anhui, P. R. China.
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5
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Yang H, Li G, Liu Q, Cheng H, Wang X, Cheng J, Jiang G, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Hao Z. Tailoring the Electronic Metal-Support Interactions in Supported Silver Catalysts through Al modification for Efficient Ethylene Epoxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400627. [PMID: 38390644 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Metal-modified catalysts have attracted extraordinary research attention in heterogeneous catalysis due to their enhanced geometric and electronic structures and outstanding catalytic performances. Silver (Ag) possesses necessary active sites for ethylene epoxidation, but the catalyst activity is usually sacrificed to obtain high selectivity towards ethylene oxide (EO). Herein, we report that using Al can help in tailoring the unoccupied 3d state of Ag on the MnO2 support through strong electronic metal-support interactions (EMSIs), overcoming the activity-selectivity trade-off for ethylene epoxidation and resulting in a very high ethylene conversion rate (~100 %) with 90 % selectivity for EO under mild conditions (170 °C and atmospheric pressure). Structural characterization and theoretical calculations revealed that the EMSIs obtained by the Al modification tailor the unoccupied 3d state of Ag, modulating the adsorption of ethylene (C2H4) and oxygen (O2) and facilitating EO desorption, resulting in high C2H4 conversion. Meanwhile, the increased number of positively charge Ag+ lowers the energy barrier for C2H4(ads) oxidation to produce oxametallacycle (OMC), inducing the unexpectedly high EO selectivity. Such an extraordinary electronic promotion provides new promising pathways for designing advanced metal catalysts with high activity and selectivity in selective oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology and Application of Urban Air, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Ganggang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Qinggang Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Haixia Cheng
- Material Digital R&D Center, China Iron & Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing, 100081, China
| | | | - Jie Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Guoxia Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Fenglian Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Zhongshen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Zhengping Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
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6
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Zhu W, Wei Z, Ma Y, Ren M, Fu X, Li M, Zhang C, Wang J, Guo S. Energy-Efficient Electrosynthesis of High Value-Added Active Chlorine Coupled with H 2 Generation from Direct Seawater Electrolysis through Decoupling Electrolytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319798. [PMID: 38353370 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Direct saline (seawater) electrolysis is a well-recognized system to generate active chlorine species for the chloride-mediated electrosynthesis, environmental remediation and sterilization over the past few decades. However, the large energy consumption originated from the high cell voltage of traditional direct saline electrolysis system, greatly restricts its practical application. Here, we report an acid-saline hybrid electrolysis system for energy-saving co-electrosynthesis of active chlorine and H2. We demonstrate that this system just requires a low cell voltage of 1.59 V to attain 10 mA cm-2 with a large energy consumption decrease of 27.7 % compared to direct saline electrolysis system (2.20 V). We further demonstrate that such acid-saline hybrid electrolysis system could be extended to realize energy-saving and sustainable seawater electrolysis. The acidified seawater in this system can absolutely avoid the formation of Ca/Mg-based sediments that always form in the seawater electrolysis system. We also prove that this system in the half-flow mode can realize real-time preparation of active chlorine used for sterilization and pea sprout production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziyi Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiyue Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meirong Ren
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 2, 6708, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xue Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunling Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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7
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Liu C, Chen F, Zhao BH, Wu Y, Zhang B. Electrochemical hydrogenation and oxidation of organic species involving water. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:277-293. [PMID: 38528116 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Fossil fuel-driven thermochemical hydrogenation and oxidation using high-pressure H2 and O2 are still popular but energy-intensive CO2-emitting processes. At present, developing renewable energy-powered electrochemical technologies, especially those using clean, safe and easy-to-handle reducing agents and oxidants for organic hydrogenation and oxidation reactions, is urgently needed. Water is an ideal carrier of hydrogen and oxygen. Electrochemistry provides a powerful route to drive water splitting under ambient conditions. Thus, electrochemical hydrogenation and oxidation transformations involving water as the hydrogen source and oxidant, respectively, have been developed to be mild and efficient tools to synthesize organic hydrogenated and oxidized products. In this Review, we highlight the advances in water-participating electrochemical hydrogenation and oxidation reactions of representative organic molecules. Typical electrode materials, performance metrics and key characterization techniques are firstly introduced. General electrocatalyst design principles and controlling the microenvironment for promoting hydrogenation and oxygenation reactions involving water are summarized. Furthermore, paired hydrogenation and oxidation reactions are briefly introduced before finally discussing the challenges and future opportunities of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanpeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo-Hang Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongmeng Wu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Hao R, Song Y, Yang L, Guo Y, Wu X, Ma Z, Qian Z, Liu F, Wu Z, Wang L. Electrochemical Reduction of Flue Gas Denitrification Wastewater to Ammonia Using a Dual-Defective Cu 2O@Cu Heterojunction Electrode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5557-5566. [PMID: 38412381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Wet flue gas denitrification offers a new route to convert industrial nitrogen oxides (NOx) into highly concentrated nitrate wastewater, from which the nitrogen resource can be recovered to ammonia (NH3) via electrochemical nitrate reduction reactions (NITRRs). Low-cost, scalable, and efficient cathodic materials need to be developed to enhance the NH3 production rate. Here, in situ electrodeposition was adopted to fabricate a foamy Cu-based heterojunction electrode containing both Cu-defects and oxygen vacancy loaded Cu2O (OVs-Cu2O), which achieved an NH3 yield rate of 3.59 mmol h-1 cm-2, NH3 Faradaic efficiency of 99.5%, and NH3 selectivity of 100%. Characterizations and theoretical calculations unveiled that the Cu-defects and OVs-Cu2O heterojunction boosted the H* yield, suppressed the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and served as dual reaction sites to coherently match the tandem reactions kinetics of NO3-to-NO2 and NO2-to-NH3. An integrated system was further built to combine wet flue gas denitrification and desulfurization, simultaneously converting NO and SO2 to produce the (NH4)2SO4 fertilizer. This study offers new insights into the application of low-cost Cu-based cathode for electrochemically driven wet denitrification wastewater valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runlong Hao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yunchang Song
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Longlong Yang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Yongxue Guo
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Xuanhao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Zhen Qian
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, PR China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lidong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
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9
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Chen W, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Yang G, Li Y, Xu L, Yang M, Wu B, Pan Y, Xu Y, Liu Q, Chen C, Peng F, Wang S, Zou Y. Catalyst Selection over an Electrochemical Reductive Coupling Reaction toward Direct Electrosynthesis of Oxime from NO x and Aldehyde. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6294-6306. [PMID: 38377334 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous electrochemical coupling reactions, which enable the green synthesis of complex organic compounds, will be a crucial tool in synthetic chemistry. However, a lack of informed approaches for screening suitable catalysts is a major obstacle to its development. Here, we propose a pioneering electrochemical reductive coupling reaction toward direct electrosynthesis of oxime from NOx and aldehyde. Through integrating experimental and theoretical methods, we screen out the optimal catalyst, i.e., metal Fe catalyst, that facilitates the enrichment and C-N coupling of key reaction intermediates, all leading to high yields (e.g., ∼99% yield of benzaldoxime) for the direct electrosynthesis of oxime over Fe. With a divided flow reactor, we achieve a high benzaldoxime production of 22.8 g h-1 gcat-1 in ∼94% isolated yield. This work not only paves the way to the industrial mass production of oxime via electrosynthesis but also offers references for the catalyst selection of other electrochemical coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yandong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yimin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Guangxing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Leitao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhi Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Feng Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
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10
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Liu Y, Li H, Han R, Ouyang Q, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Mu L, Sainio S, Nordlund D, Zan L, Jiang Z. Unveiling Atomic-Scale Product Selectivity at the Cocatalyst-TiO 2 Interface Using X-Ray Techniques: Insights into Interface Reactivity. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301120. [PMID: 38009509 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure at the interface between the cocatalyst and semiconductor plays a vital role in concentrating photo-induced carriers and reactants. However, observing the atomic arrangement of this interface directly using an electron microscope is challenging due to the coverings of the semiconductor and cocatalyst. To address this, multiple metal-semiconductor interfaces on three TiO2 crystal facets (M/TiO2 ─N, where M represents Ag, Au, and Pt, and N represents the 001, 010, and 101 single crystal facets). The identical surface atomic configuration of the TiO2 facets allowed us to investigate the evolution of the microstructure within these constructs using spectroscopies and DFT calculations. For the first time, they observed the transformation of saturated Ti6c ─O bonds into unsaturated Ti5c ─O and Ti6c ─O─Pt bonds on the TiO2 ─010 facet after loading Pt. This transformation have a direct impact on the selectivity of the resulting products, leading to the generation of CO and CH4 at the Ti6c ─O─Pt and Pt sites, respectively. These findings pinpoint the pivotal roles played by the atomic arrangement at the M/TiO2 ─N interfaces and provide valuable insights for the development of new methodologies using conventional lab-grade equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hanqi Li
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rong Han
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuzheng Guo
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhaofu Zhang
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Linqin Mu
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizon State University, Phoenix, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Sami Sainio
- SSRL MSD Soft X-rays, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94309, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- SSRL MSD Soft X-rays, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94309, USA
| | - Ling Zan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhuo Jiang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Luojiashan, Wuhan, 430072, China
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11
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Li AZ, Yuan BJ, Xu M, Wang Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Wang X, Li J, Zheng L, Li BJ, Duan H. One-Step Electrochemical Ethylene-to-Ethylene Glycol Conversion over a Multitasking Molecular Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5622-5633. [PMID: 38373280 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ethylene glycol is an essential commodity chemical with high demand, which is conventionally produced via thermocatalytic oxidation of ethylene with huge fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emission. The one-step electrochemical approach offers a sustainable route but suffers from reliance on noble metal catalysts, low activity, and mediocre selectivity. Herein, we report a one-step electrochemical oxidation of ethylene to ethylene glycol over an earth-abundant metal-based molecular catalyst, a cobalt phthalocyanine supported on a carbon nanotube (CoPc/CNT). The catalyst delivers ethylene glycol with 100% selectivity and 1.78 min-1 turnover frequency at room temperature and ambient pressure, more competitive than those obtained over palladium catalysts. Experimental data demonstrate that the catalyst orchestrates multiple tasks in sequence, involving electrochemical water activation to generate high-valence Co-oxo species, ethylene epoxidation to afford an ethylene oxide intermediate via oxygen transfer, and eventually ring-opening of ethylene oxide to ethylene glycol facilitated by in situ formed Lewis acid site. This work offers a great opportunity for commodity chemicals synthesis based on a one-step, earth-abundant metal-catalyzed, and renewable electricity-driven route.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bo-Jun Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiongbo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bi-Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haohong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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12
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Yao K, Li J, Ozden A, Wang H, Sun N, Liu P, Zhong W, Zhou W, Zhou J, Wang X, Liu H, Liu Y, Chen S, Hu Y, Wang Z, Sinton D, Liang H. In situ copper faceting enables efficient CO 2/CO electrolysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1749. [PMID: 38409130 PMCID: PMC10897386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The copper (Cu)-catalyzed electrochemical CO2 reduction provides a route for the synthesis of multicarbon (C2+) products. However, the thermodynamically favorable Cu surface (i.e. Cu(111)) energetically favors single-carbon production, leading to low energy efficiency and low production rates for C2+ products. Here we introduce in situ copper faceting from electrochemical reduction to enable preferential exposure of Cu(100) facets. During the precatalyst evolution, a phosphate ligand slows the reduction of Cu and assists the generation and co-adsorption of CO and hydroxide ions, steering the surface reconstruction to Cu (100). The resulting Cu catalyst enables current densities of > 500 mA cm-2 and Faradaic efficiencies of >83% towards C2+ products from both CO2 reduction and CO reduction. When run at 500 mA cm-2 for 150 hours, the catalyst maintains a 37% full-cell energy efficiency and a 95% single-pass carbon efficiency throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Haibin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pengyu Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jieshu Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hanqi Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yongchang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Songhua Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, China
| | - Yongfeng Hu
- Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Shanghai, 201208, China
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - Hongyan Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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13
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Yang Y, Yuan X, Wang Q, Wan S, Lin C, Lu S, Zhong Q, Zhang K. HClO-Mediated Photoelectrochemical Epoxidation of Alkenes with Near 100 % Conversion Rate and Selectivity by Regulating Lattice Chlorine Cycle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314383. [PMID: 38216536 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Directional organic transformation via a green, sustainable catalytic reaction has attracted a lot of attention. Herein, we report a photoelectrochemical approach for highly selective epoxidation of alkenes in a salt solution using Co2 (OH)3 Cl (CoOCl) as a bridge of photo-generated charge, where the lattice Cl- of CoOCl can be oxidized to generate HClO by the photo-generated holes of BiVO4 photoanode and be spontaneously recovered by Cl- of a salt solution, which then oxidizes the alkenes into the corresponding epoxides. As a result, a series of water-soluble alkenes, including 4-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium, 2-methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid sodium, and 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol can be epoxidized with near 100 % conversion rate and selectivity. Through further inserting a MoOx protection layer between BiVO4 and CoOCl, the stability of CoOCl-MoOx /BiVO4 can be maintained for at least 120 hours. This work opens an avenue for solar-driven organic epoxidation with a possibility of on-site reaction around the abundant ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xiaojia Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Shipeng Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qin Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Kan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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14
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Tang D, Wu L, Li L, Fu N, Chen C, Zhang Y, Zhao J. A controlled non-radical chlorine activation pathway on hematite photoanodes for efficient oxidative chlorination reactions. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3018-3027. [PMID: 38404385 PMCID: PMC10882502 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06337b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Photo(electro)catalytic chlorine oxidation has emerged as a useful method for chemical transformation and environmental remediation. However, the reaction selectivity usually remains low due to the high activity and non-selectivity characteristics of free chlorine radicals. In this study, we report a photoelectrochemical (PEC) strategy for achieving controlled non-radical chlorine activation on hematite (α-Fe2O3) photoanodes. High selectivity (up to 99%) and faradaic efficiency (up to 90%) are achieved for the chlorination of a wide range of aromatic compounds and alkenes by using NaCl as the chlorine source, which is distinct from conventional TiO2 photoanodes. A comprehensive PEC study verifies a non-radical "Cl+" formation pathway, which is facilitated by the accumulation of surface-trapped holes on α-Fe2O3 surfaces. The new understanding of the non-radical Cl- activation by semiconductor photoelectrochemistry is expected to provide guidance for conducting selective chlorine atom transfer reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Liubo Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Niankai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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15
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Yang J, Zhu C, Li WH, Zheng X, Wang D. Organocatalyst Supported by a Single-Atom Support Accelerates both Electrodes used in the Chlor-Alkali Industry via Modification of Non-Covalent Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314382. [PMID: 38182547 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Consuming one of the largest amount of electricity, the chlor-alkali industry supplies basic chemicals for society, which mainly consists of two reactions, hydrogen evolution (HER) and chlorine evolution reaction (CER). Till now, the state-of-the-art catalyst applied in this field is still the dimensional stable anode (DSA), which consumes a large amount of noble metal of Ru and Ir. It is thus necessary to develop new types of catalysts. In this study, an organocatalyst anchored on the single-atom support (SAS) is put forward. It exhibits high catalytic efficiency towards both HER and CER with an overpotential of 21 mV and 20 mV at 10 mA cm-2 . With this catalyst on both electrodes, the energy consumption is cut down by 1.2 % compared with the commercial system under industrial conditions. Based on this novel catalyst and the high activity, the mechanism of modifying non-covalent interaction is demonstrated to be reliable for the catalyst's design. This work not only provides efficient catalysts for the chlor-alkali industry but also points out that the SACs can also act as support, providing new twists for the development of SACs and organic molecules in the next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chenxi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xusheng Zheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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16
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Liu TK, Jang GY, Kim S, Zhang K, Zheng X, Park JH. Organic Upgrading through Photoelectrochemical Reactions: Toward Higher Profits. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300315. [PMID: 37382404 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells have long been considered a promising technology to convert solar energy into hydrogen. However, the solar-to-H2 (STH) efficiency and cost-effectiveness of PEC water splitting are significantly limited by sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and the low economic value of the produced O2 , hindering the practical commercialization of PEC cells. Recently, organic upgrading PEC reactions, especially for alternative OERs, have received tremendous attention, which improves not only the STH efficiency but also the economic effectiveness of the overall reaction. In this review, PEC reaction fundamentals and reactant-product cost analysis of organic upgrading reactions are briefly reviewed, recent advances made in organic upgrading reactions, which are categorized by their reactant substrates, such as methanol, ethanol, glycol, glycerol, and complex hydrocarbons, are then summarized and discussed. Finally, the current status, further outlooks, and challenges toward industrial applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyung Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jong Hyeok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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17
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Gao Y, Yan M, Cheng C, Zhong H, Zhao BH, Liu C, Wu Y, Zhang B. Membrane-Free Electrosynthesis of Epichlorohydrins Mediated by Bromine Radicals over Nanotips. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:714-722. [PMID: 38157544 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The industrial manufacture of epichlorohydrin (ECH) often suffers from excessive corrosive chlorine and multistep processes. Here, we report a one-pot membrane-free Br radical-mediated ECH electrosynthesis. Bromine radicals electro-oxidized from Br- ions initiate the reaction and then eliminate HBr from bromohydrin to give ECH and release Br- ions for reuse. A high energy barrier for *OH oxidation and isolated Br adsorption sites enables NiCo2O4 to suppress the competitive oxygen and bromine evolution reactions. The high-curvature nanotips with an increased electric field concentrate Br- and OH- ions to accelerate ECH electrosynthesis. This strategy delivers ECH with a Faradaic efficiency of 47% and a reaction rate of 1.4 mol h-1 gcat-1 at a high current density of 100 mA cm-2, exceeding the profitable target from the techno-economic analysis. Economically profitable electrosynthesis, methodological universality, and the extended synthesis of epoxide-drug blocks highlight their promising potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingming Yan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chuanqi Cheng
- Institute of New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bo-Hang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongmeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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18
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Chung M, Maalouf JH, Adams JS, Jiang C, Román-Leshkov Y, Manthiram K. Direct propylene epoxidation via water activation over Pd-Pt electrocatalysts. Science 2024; 383:49-55. [PMID: 38175873 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh4355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Direct electrochemical propylene epoxidation by means of water-oxidation intermediates presents a sustainable alternative to existing routes that involve hazardous chlorine or peroxide reagents. We report an oxidized palladium-platinum alloy catalyst (PdPtOx/C), which reaches a Faradaic efficiency of 66 ± 5% toward propylene epoxidation at 50 milliamperes per square centimeter at ambient temperature and pressure. Embedding platinum into the palladium oxide crystal structure stabilized oxidized platinum species, resulting in improved catalyst performance. The reaction kinetics suggest that epoxidation on PdPtOx/C proceeds through electrophilic attack by metal-bound peroxo intermediates. This work demonstrates an effective strategy for selective electrochemical oxygen-atom transfer from water, without mediators, for diverse oxygenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joseph H Maalouf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jason S Adams
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Karthish Manthiram
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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19
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Liu Y, Yang Z, Zou Y, Wang S, He J. Interfacial Micro-Environment of Electrocatalysis and Its Applications for Organic Electro-Oxidation Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306488. [PMID: 37712127 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Conventional designing principal of electrocatalyst is focused on the electronic structure tuning, on which effectively promotes the electrocatalysis. However, as a typical kind of electrode-electrolyte interface reaction, the electrocatalysis performance is also closely dependent on the electrocatalyst interfacial micro-environment (IME), including pH, reactant concentration, electric field, surface geometry structure, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, etc. Recently, organic electro-oxidation reaction (OEOR), which simultaneously reduces the anodic polarization potential and produces value-added chemicals, has emerged as a competitive alternative to oxygen evolution reaction, and the role IME played in OEOR is receiving great interest. Thus, this article provides a timely review on IME and its applications toward OEOR. In this review, the IME for conventional gas-involving reactions, as a contrast, is first presented, and then the recent progresses of IME toward diverse typical OEOR are summarized; especially, some representative works are thoroughly discussed. Additionally, cutting-edge analytical methods and characterization techniques are introduced to comprehensively understand the role IME played in OEOR. In the last section, perspectives and challenges of IME regulation for OEOR are shared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Junying He
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
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20
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Yu Z, Liu L. Recent Advances in Hybrid Seawater Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308647. [PMID: 38143285 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Seawater electrolysis (SWE) is a promising and potentially cost-effective approach to hydrogen production, considering that seawater is vastly abundant and SWE is able to combine with offshore renewables producing green hydrogen. However, SWE has long been suffering from technical challenges including the high energy demand and interference of chlorine chemistry, leading electrolyzers to a low efficiency and short lifespan. In this context, hybrid SWE, operated by replacing the energy-demanding oxygen evolution reaction and interfering chlorine evolution reaction (CER) with a thermodynamically more favorable anodic oxidation reaction (AOR) or by designing innovative electrolyzer cells, has recently emerged as a better alternative, which not only allows SWE to occur in a safe and energy-saving manner without the notorious CER, but also enables co-production of value-added chemicals or elimination of environmental pollutants. This review provides a first account of recent advances in hybrid SWE for hydrogen production. The substitutional AOR of various small molecules or redox mediators, in couple with hydrogen evolution from seawater, is comprehensively summarized. Moreover, how the electrolyzer cell design helps in hybrid SWE is briefly discussed. Last, the current challenges and future outlook about the development of the hybrid SWE technology are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yu
- Frontier Research Center, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
- Clean Energy Cluster, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre Jose Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Lifeng Liu
- Frontier Research Center, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
- Clean Energy Cluster, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre Jose Veiga, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
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21
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Wang J, Wu G, Feng G, Li G, Wei Y, Li S, Mao J, Liu X, Chen A, Song Y, Dong X, Wei W, Chen W. Electrochemical Epoxidation of Propylene to Propylene Oxide via Halogen-Mediated Systems. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:46569-46576. [PMID: 38107883 PMCID: PMC10720275 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important derivatives of propylene, the production of propylene oxide (PO) is severely restricted. The traditional chlorohydrin process is being eliminated due to environmental concerns, while processes such as Halcon and hydrogen peroxide epoxidation are limited by cost and efficiency, making it difficult to meet market demand. Therefore, achieving PO production through clean and efficient technologies has received extensive attention, and halogen-mediated electrochemical epoxidation of alkene is considered to be a desirable technology for the production of alkylene oxide. In this work, we used electrochemical methods to synthesize PO in halogen-mediated systems based on a RuO2-loaded Ti (RuO2/Ti) anode and screened out two potential mediated systems of chlorine (Cl) and bromine (Br) for the electrosynthesis of PO. At a current density of 100 mA·cm-2, both Cl- and Br-mediated systems delivered PO Faradaic efficiencies of more than 80%. In particular, the Br-mediated system obtained PO Faradaic efficiencies of more than 90% at lower potentials (≤1.5 V vs RHE) with better electrode structure durability. Furthermore, detailed product distribution investigations and DFT calculations suggested hypohalous acid molecules as key reaction intermediates in both Cl- and Br-mediated systems. This work presents a green and efficient PO production route with halogen-mediated electrochemical epoxidation of propylene driven by renewable electricity, exhibiting promising potential to replace the traditional chlorohydrin process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjiang Wang
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Gangfeng Wu
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Feng
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Li
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yiheng Wei
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Shoujie Li
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
| | - Jianing Mao
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohu Liu
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech
University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Aohui Chen
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech
University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Song
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech
University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Low-Carbon
Conversion Science and Engineering Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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22
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Lu T, Xu T, Zhu S, Li J, Wang J, Jin H, Wang X, Lv JJ, Wang ZJ, Wang S. Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction to Ethylene: From Advanced Catalyst Design to Industrial Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2310433. [PMID: 37931017 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The value-added chemicals, monoxide, methane, ethylene, ethanol, ethane, and so on, can be efficiently generated through the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2 RR) when equipped with suitable catalysts. Among them, ethylene is particularly important as a chemical feedstock for petrochemical manufacture. However, despite its high Faradaic efficiency achievable at relatively low current densities, the substantial enhancement of ethylene selectivity and stability at industrial current densities poses a formidable challenge. To facilitate the industrial implementation of eCO2 RR for ethylene production, it is imperative to identify key strategies and potential solutions through comprehending the recent advancements, remaining challenges, and future directions. Herein, the latest and innovative catalyst design strategies of eCO2 RR to ethylene are summarized and discussed, starting with the properties of catalysts such as morphology, crystalline, oxidation state, defect, composition, and surface engineering. The review subsequently outlines the related important state-of-the-art technologies that are essential in driving forward eCO2 RR to ethylene into practical applications, such as CO2 capture, product separation, and downstream reactions. Finally, a greenhouse model that integrates CO2 capture, conversion, storage, and utilization is proposed to present an ideal perspective direction of eCO2 RR to ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrui Lu
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shaojun Zhu
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jun Li
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jichang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, M4Y1M7, Canada
| | - Huile Jin
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jing-Jing Lv
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Wang
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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23
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Peng T, Zhang W, Liang B, Lian G, Zhang Y, Zhao W. Electrocatalytic valorization of lignocellulose-derived aromatics at industrial-scale current densities. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7229. [PMID: 37945615 PMCID: PMC10636212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of lignocellulosic bio-oil to value-added chemicals offers an attractive avenue to use the increasing intermittent renewable electricity and biomass-derived feedstocks. However, to date the partial current densities to target products of these reactions are lower than those needed for industrial-scale productivity, which limits its prospects. Here we report a flow-cell system equipped with a Rh diffusion electrode to hydrogenate lignocellulose-derived aromatic monomers, such as furans and lignin monomers, to value-added chemicals. We achieve high faradaic efficiencies up to 64% at industrial-scale current densities of 300-500 mA cm-2, representing high productivities to target products. A screening of electrocatalysts indicates that only by highly-electrolyte-permeable Rh diffusion electrodes are we able to unite current density with faradaic efficiency. We apply in-situ infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy to investigate the electrode-potential-dependent reaction pathways and intermediates, confirming a wide potential window for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogenation of lignocellulose-derived aromatics to target products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Baiyao Liang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanwu Lian
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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24
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Xue W, Quan L, Liu H, Yu B, Chen X, Xia BY, You B. Bromine-Enhanced Generation and Epoxidation of Ethylene in Tandem CO 2 Electrolysis Towards Ethylene Oxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311570. [PMID: 37699856 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The indirect electro-epoxidation of ethylene (C2 H4 ), produced from CO2 electroreduction (CO2 R), holds immense promise for CO2 upcycling to valuable ethylene oxide (EO). However, this process currently has a mediocre Faradaic efficiency (FE) due to sluggish formation and rapid dissociation of active species, as well as reductive deactivation of Cu-based electrocatalysts during the conversion of C2 H4 to EO and CO2 to C2 H4 , respectively. Herein, we report a bromine-induced dual-enhancement strategy designed to concurrently promote both C2 H4 -to-EO and CO2 -to-C2 H4 conversions, thereby improving EO generation, using single-atom Pt on N-doped CNTs (Pt1 /NCNT) and Br- -bearing porous Cu2 O as anode and cathode electrocatalysts, respectively. Physicochemical characterizations including synchrotron X-ray absorption, operando infrared spectroscopy, and quasi in situ Raman spectroscopy/electron paramagnetic resonance with theoretical calculations reveal that the favorable Br2 /HBrO generation over Pt1 /NCNT with optimal intermediate binding facilitates C2 H4 -to-EO conversion with a high FE of 92.2 %, and concomitantly, the Br- with strong nucleophilicity protects active Cu+ species in Cu2 O effectively for improved CO2 -to-C2 H4 conversion with a FE of 66.9 % at 800 mA cm-2 , superior to those in the traditional chloride-mediated case. Consequently, a single-pass FE as high as 41.1 % for CO2 -to-EO conversion can be achieved in a tandem system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Li Quan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430200, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xinqing Chen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bao Yu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Bo You
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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25
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Zheng W, Yang X, Li Z, Yang B, Zhang Q, Lei L, Hou Y. Designs of Tandem Catalysts and Cascade Catalytic Systems for CO 2 Upgrading. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307283. [PMID: 37338736 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Upgrading CO2 into multi-carbon (C2+) compounds through the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) offers a practical approach to mitigate atmospheric CO2 while simultaneously producing high value chemicals. The reaction pathways for C2+ production involve multi-step proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) and C-C coupling processes. By increasing the surface coverage of adsorbed protons (*Had ) and *CO intermediates, the reaction kinetics of PCET and C-C coupling can be accelerated, thereby promoting C2+ production. However, *Had and *CO are competitively adsorbed intermediates on monocomponent catalysts, making it difficult to break the linear scaling relationship between the adsorption energies of the *Had /*CO intermediate. Recently, tandem catalysts consisting of multicomponents have been developed to improve the surface coverage of *Had or *CO by enhancing water dissociation or CO2 -to-CO production on auxiliary sites. In this context, we provide a comprehensive overview of the design principles of tandem catalysts based on reaction pathways for C2+ products. Moreover, the development of cascade CO2 RR catalytic systems that integrate CO2 RR with downstream catalysis has expanded the range of potential CO2 upgrading products. Therefore, we also discuss recent advancements in cascade CO2 RR catalytic systems, highlighting the challenges and perspectives in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Zhongjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Lecheng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Yang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University, Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324000, China
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26
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Jia S, Tan X, Wu L, Zhao Z, Song X, Feng J, Zhang L, Ma X, Zhang Z, Sun X, Han B. Lignin-derived carbon nanosheets boost electrochemical reductive amination of pyruvate to alanine. iScience 2023; 26:107776. [PMID: 37720096 PMCID: PMC10502407 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient and sustainable amino acid synthesis is essential for industrial applications. Electrocatalytic reductive amination has emerged as a promising method, but challenges such as undesired side reactions and low efficiency persist. Herein, we demonstrated a lignin-derived catalyst for alanine synthesis. Carbon nanosheets (CNSs) were synthesized from lignin via a template-assisted method and doped with nitrogen and sulfur to boost reductive amination and suppress side reactions. The resulting N,S-co-doped carbon nanosheets (NS-CNSs) exhibited outstanding electrochemical performance. It achieved a maximum alanine Faradaic efficiency of 79.5%, and a yield exceeding 1,199 μmol h-1 cm-2 on NS-CNS, with a selectivity above 99.9%. NS-CNS showed excellent durability during long-term electrolysis. Kinetic studies including control experiments and theoretical calculations provided further insights into the reaction pathway. Moreover, NS-CNS catalysts demonstrated potential in upgrading real-world polylactic acid plastic waste, yielding value-added alanine with a selectivity over 75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhan Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingxing Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinning Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaqi Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Libing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhanrong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofu Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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27
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Jin H, Xu J, Liu H, Shen H, Yu H, Jaroniec M, Zheng Y, Qiao SZ. Emerging materials and technologies for electrocatalytic seawater splitting. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi7755. [PMID: 37851797 PMCID: PMC10584342 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi7755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The limited availability of freshwater in renewable energy-rich areas has led to the exploration of seawater electrolysis for green hydrogen production. However, the complex composition of seawater presents substantial challenges such as electrode corrosion and electrolyzer failure, calling into question the technological and economic feasibility of direct seawater splitting. Despite many efforts, a comprehensive overview and analysis of seawater electrolysis, including electrochemical fundamentals, materials, and technologies of recent breakthroughs, is still lacking. In this review, we systematically examine recent advances in electrocatalytic seawater splitting and critically evaluate the obstacles to optimizing water supply, materials, and devices for stable hydrogen production from seawater. We demonstrate that robust materials and innovative technologies, especially selective catalysts and high-performance devices, are critical for efficient seawater electrolysis. We then outline and discuss future directions that could advance the techno-economic feasibility of this emerging field, providing a roadmap toward the design and commercialization of materials that can enable efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable seawater electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Institute for Sustainability, Energy and Resources, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Haifeng Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Huimin Yu
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Mietek Jaroniec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Yao Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Shi-Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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28
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Kang Y, Gu Z, Ma B, Zhang W, Sun J, Huang X, Hu C, Choi W, Qu J. Unveiling the spatially confined oxidation processes in reactive electrochemical membranes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6590. [PMID: 37852952 PMCID: PMC10584896 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic oxidation offers opportunities for sustainable environmental remediation, but it is often hampered by the slow mass transfer and short lives of electro-generated radicals. Here, we achieve a four times higher kinetic constant (18.9 min-1) for the oxidation of 4-chlorophenol on the reactive electrochemical membrane by reducing the pore size from 105 to 7 μm, with the predominate mechanism shifting from hydroxyl radical oxidation to direct electron transfer. More interestingly, such an enhancement effect is largely dependent on the molecular structure and its sensitivity to the direct electron transfer process. The spatial distributions of reactant and hydroxyl radicals are visualized via multiphysics simulation, revealing the compressed diffusion layer and restricted hydroxyl radical generation in the microchannels. This study demonstrates that both the reaction kinetics and the electron transfer pathway can be effectively regulated by the spatial confinement effect, which sheds light on the design of cost-effective electrochemical platforms for water purification and chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Baiwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- KENTECH Institute for Environmental & Climate Technology, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jingqiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyang Huang
- KENTECH Institute for Environmental & Climate Technology, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Korea
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wonyong Choi
- KENTECH Institute for Environmental & Climate Technology, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Korea
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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29
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Kumar R, Banerjee N, Kumar P, Banerjee P. Electrochemical Synthesis and Reactivity of Three-Membered Strained Carbo- and Heterocycles. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301594. [PMID: 37436418 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic ring structures are versatile synthetic building blocks in organic synthesis with biological importance. Moreover, the inherent strain of these three-membered rings leads to their ring-opening functionalization through C->C, C->N, and C-O bond cleavage. Traditional synthesis and ring-opening methods for these molecules require the use of acid catalysts or transition metals. Recently, electro-organic synthesis has emerged as a powerful tool for initiating new chemical transformations. In this review, the synthetic and mechanistic aspects of electro-mediated synthesis and ring-opening functionalization of three-membered carbo- and heterocycles are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Nakshatra Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
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30
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Luo X, Wu B, Li J, Wang Y, Tang X, Li C, Shao M, Wei Z. Benzoic Acid: Electrode-Regenerated Molecular Catalyst to Boost Cycloolefin Epoxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20665-20671. [PMID: 37672764 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Stoichiometric oxidants are always consumed in organic oxidation reactions. For example, olefins react with peroxy acids to be converted to epoxy, while the oxidant, peroxy acid, is downgraded to carboxylic acid. In this paper, we aim to regenerate carboxylic acid into peroxy acid through electric water splitting at the anode, in order to construct an electrochemical catalytic cycle to accomplish the cycloolefin epoxidation reaction. Benzoic acid, which can be strongly adsorbed onto the anode and rapidly converted to peroxy acid, was selected to catalyze the cycloolefin epoxidation. Furthermore, the peroxybenzoic acid will be further activated on the electrode to fulfill the epoxidation and release the benzoic acid to complete the catalytic cycle. In this designed reaction cycle, benzoic acid acts as a molecular catalyst with the assistance of the electrode-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). This method can successfully reform the consumable oxidants to molecular catalysts, which can be generalized to other green organic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Baijing Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jinrui Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaoxia Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Cunpu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zidong Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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31
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Zheng Z, Qi L, Gao Y, Luan X, Xue Y, He F, Li Y. Ir 0/graphdiyne atomic interface for selective epoxidation. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad156. [PMID: 37427022 PMCID: PMC10327882 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of catalysts that can selectively and efficiently promote the alkene epoxidation at ambient temperatures and pressures is an important promising path to renewable synthesis of various chemical products. Here we report a new type of zerovalent atom catalysts comprised of zerovalent Ir atoms highly dispersed and anchored on graphdiyne (Ir0/GDY) wherein the Ir0 is stabilized by the incomplete charge transfer effect and the confined effect of GDY natural cavity. The Ir0/GDY can selectively and efficiently produce styrene oxides (SO) by electro-oxidizing styrene (ST) in aqueous solutions at ambient temperatures and pressures with high conversion efficiency of ∼100%, high SO selectivity of 85.5%, and high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 55%. Experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculation results show that the intrinsic activity and stability due to the incomplete charge transfer between Ir0 and GDY effectively promoted the electron exchange between the catalyst and reactant molecule, and realized the selective epoxidation of ST to SO. Studies of the reaction mechanism demonstrate that Ir0/GDY proceeds a distinctive pathway for highly selective and active alkene-to-epoxide conversion from the traditional processes. This work presents a new example of constructing zerovalent metal atoms within the GDY matrix toward selective electrocatalytic epoxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yaqi Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoyu Luan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | | | - Feng He
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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32
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Xia R, Wang R, Hasa B, Lee A, Liu Y, Ma X, Jiao F. Electrosynthesis of ethylene glycol from C 1 feedstocks in a flow electrolyzer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4570. [PMID: 37516779 PMCID: PMC10387065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylene glycol is a widely utilized commodity chemical, the production of which accounts for over 46 million tons of CO2 emission annually. Here we report a paired electrocatalytic approach for ethylene glycol production from methanol. Carbon catalysts are effective in reducing formaldehyde into ethylene glycol with a 92% Faradaic efficiency, whereas Pt catalysts at the anode enable formaldehyde production through methanol partial oxidation with a 75% Faradaic efficiency. With a membrane-electrode assembly configuration, we show the feasibility of ethylene glycol electrosynthesis from methanol in a single electrolyzer. The electrolyzer operates a full cell voltage of 3.2 V at a current density of 100 mA cm-2, with a 60% reduction in energy consumption. Further investigations, using operando flow electrolyzer mass spectroscopy, isotopic labeling, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, indicate that the desorption of a *CH2OH intermediate is the crucial step in determining the selectively towards ethylene glycol over methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xia
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Bjorn Hasa
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Ahryeon Lee
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Yuanyue Liu
- Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Xinbin Ma
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Feng Jiao
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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33
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Ye Y, Li Z, Ding S, Fu J, Liu H, Zhu W. Synergistic treatment of carbon dioxide and nitrogen-containing wastewater by electrochemical C-N coupling. iScience 2023; 26:107009. [PMID: 37534157 PMCID: PMC10391661 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction technology has been considered a promising approach to alleviate the severe environmental and energy issues caused by the anthropogenic over-emission of CO2. Coupling CO2 reduction with nitrogen (N)-pollutants reduction from wastewater to produce higher valued products (e.g., urea, amide, amine, etc.) could significantly extend the application scenarios and product categories of CO2 reduction technologies. This paper investigates the available CO2 and N-pollutants sources and summarizes the recent progress of electrocatalytic C-N coupling reactions. Based on the fundamental research, technical concerns for scale-up applications of C-N coupling electrocatalysis are thoroughly discussed. Finally, we prospect the opportunities and challenges with an in-depth understanding of the underlying dominant factors in applying C-N coupling electrocatalysis. Further development in recycling CO2 and N pollutants via the electrocatalytic C-N coupling process is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ye
- Sino-Japan Friendship Center for Environmental Protection, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, the Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shichao Ding
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jiaju Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, the Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- International Ecological Economy Promotion Association, Beijing 100005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenlei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, the Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
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34
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Staerz AF, van Leeuwen M, Priamushko T, Saatkamp T, Endrődi B, Plankensteiner N, Jobbagy M, Pahlavan S, Blom MJW, Janáky C, Cherevko S, Vereecken PM. Effects of Iron Species on Low Temperature CO 2 Electrolyzers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202306503. [PMID: 37466922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical energy conversion devices are considered key in reducing CO2 emissions and significant efforts are being applied to accelerate device development. Unlike other technologies, low temperature electrolyzers have the ability to directly convert CO2 into a range of value-added chemicals. To make them commercially viable, however, device efficiency and durability must be increased. Although their design is similar to more mature water electrolyzers and fuel cells, new cell concepts and components are needed. Due to the complexity of the system, singular component optimization is common. As a result, the component interplay is often overlooked. The influence of Fe-species clearly shows that the cell must be considered holistically during optimization, to avoid future issues due to component interference or cross-contamination. Fe-impurities are ubiquitous, and their influence on single components is well-researched. The activity of non-noble anodes has been increased through the deliberate addition of iron. At the same time, however, Fe-species accelerate cathode and membrane degradation. Here, we interpret literature on single components to gain an understanding of how Fe-species influence low temperature CO2 electrolyzers holistically. The role of Fe-species serves to highlight the need for considerations regarding component interplay in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F Staerz
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marieke van Leeuwen
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Priamushko
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11) Cauerstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Torben Saatkamp
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Balázs Endrődi
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich sq. 1., 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nina Plankensteiner
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matias Jobbagy
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Sohrab Pahlavan
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martijn J W Blom
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Csaba Janáky
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich sq. 1., 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- eChemicles Zrt., Alsó Kikötő sor 11, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Serhiy Cherevko
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11) Cauerstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philippe M Vereecken
- IMEC Leuven, Kapeldreef 75, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
- Department of Microbial and Micromolecular systems (M2S), cMACS, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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35
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Dorchies F, Grimaud A. Fine tuning of electrosynthesis pathways by modulation of the electrolyte solvation structure. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7103-7113. [PMID: 37416712 PMCID: PMC10321496 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01889j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrosynthesis is a method of choice for designing new synthetic routes owing to its ability to selectively conduct reactions at controlled potentials, high functional group tolerance, mild conditions and sustainability when powered by renewables. When designing an electrosynthetic route, the selection of the electrolyte, which is composed of a solvent, or a mixture of solvents, and a supporting salt, is a prerequisite. The electrolyte components, generally assumed to be passive, are chosen because of their adequate electrochemical stability windows and to ensure the solubilization of the substrates. However, very recent studies point towards an active role of the electrolyte in the outcome of electrosynthetic reactions, challenging its inert character. Particular structuring of the electrolyte at nano- and micro-scales can occur and impact the yield and selectivity of the reaction, which is often overlooked. In the present Perspective, we highlight how mastering the electrolyte structure, both in bulk and at electrochemical interfaces, introduces an additional level of control for the design of new electrosynthetic methods. For this purpose, we focus our attention on oxygen-atom transfer reactions using water as the sole oxygen source in hybrid organic solvent/water mixtures, these reactions being emblematic of this new paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Dorchies
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E) CNRS FR3459 80039 Amiens Cedex France
| | - Alexis Grimaud
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E) CNRS FR3459 80039 Amiens Cedex France
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
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36
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Kahlstorf T, Hausmann JN, Sontheimer T, Menezes PW. Challenges for Hybrid Water Electrolysis to Replace the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on an Industrial Scale. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2023; 7:2200242. [PMID: 37483419 PMCID: PMC10362115 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
To enable a future society based on sun and wind energy, transforming electricity into chemical energy in the form of fuels is crucial. This transformation can be achieved in an electrolyzer performing water splitting, where at the anode, water is oxidized to oxygen-oxygen evolution reaction (OER)-to produce protons and electrons that can be combined at the cathode to form hydrogen-hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). While hydrogen is a desired fuel, the obtained oxygen has no economic value. A techno-economically more suitable alternative is hybrid water electrolysis, where value-added oxidation reactions of abundant organic feedstocks replace the OER. However, tremendous challenges remain for the industrial-scale application of hybrid water electrolysis. Herein, these challenges, including the higher kinetic overpotentials of organic oxidation reactions compared to the OER, the small feedstock availably and product demand of these processes compared to the HER (and carbon dioxide reduction), additional purifications costs, and electrocatalytic challenges to meet the industrially required activities, selectivities, and especially long-term stabilities are critically discussed. It is anticipated that this perspective helps the academic research community to identify industrially relevant research questions concerning hybrid water electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Kahlstorf
- Material Chemistry Group for Thin Film Catalysis–CatLabHelmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieAlbert‐Einstein‐Str. 1512489BerlinGermany
| | - J. Niklas Hausmann
- Material Chemistry Group for Thin Film Catalysis–CatLabHelmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieAlbert‐Einstein‐Str. 1512489BerlinGermany
| | - Tobias Sontheimer
- Strategy Department of Energy and InformationHelmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieHahn‐Meitner‐Platz 114109BerlinGermany
| | - Prashanth W. Menezes
- Material Chemistry Group for Thin Film Catalysis–CatLabHelmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieAlbert‐Einstein‐Str. 1512489BerlinGermany
- Department of ChemistryTechnische Universität BerlinStraße des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
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37
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Mathison R, Ramos Figueroa AL, Bloomquist C, Modestino MA. Electrochemical Manufacturing Routes for Organic Chemical Commodities. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2023; 14:85-108. [PMID: 36930876 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-090840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis of organic chemical commodities provides an alternative to conventional thermochemical manufacturing and enables the direct use of renewable electricity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the chemical industry. We discuss electrochemical synthesis approaches that use abundant carbon feedstocks for the production of the largest petrochemical precursors and basic organic chemical products: light olefins, olefin oxidation derivatives, aromatics, and methanol. First, we identify feasible routes for the electrochemical production of each commodity while considering the reaction thermodynamics, available feedstocks, and competing thermochemical processes. Next, we summarize successful catalysis and reaction engineering approaches to overcome technological challenges that prevent electrochemical routes from operating at high production rates, selectivity, stability, and energy conversion efficiency. Finally, we provide an outlook on the strategies that must be implemented to achieve large-scale electrochemical manufacturing of major organic chemical commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mathison
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, USA; , , ,
| | - Alexandra L Ramos Figueroa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, USA; , , ,
| | - Casey Bloomquist
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, USA; , , ,
| | - Miguel A Modestino
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, USA; , , ,
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38
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Yang J, Li WH, Tang HT, Pan YM, Wang D, Li Y. CO 2-mediated organocatalytic chlorine evolution under industrial conditions. Nature 2023; 617:519-523. [PMID: 37198309 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
During the chlor-alkali process, in operation since the nineteenth century, electrolysis of sodium chloride solutions generates chlorine and sodium hydroxide that are both important for chemical manufacturing1-4. As the process is very energy intensive, with 4% of globally produced electricity (about 150 TWh) going to the chlor-alkali industry5-8, even modest efficiency improvements can deliver substantial cost and energy savings. A particular focus in this regard is the demanding chlorine evolution reaction, for which the state-of-the-art electrocatalyst is still the dimensionally stable anode developed decades ago9-11. New catalysts for the chlorine evolution reaction have been reported12,13, but they still mainly consist of noble metal14-18. Here we show that an organocatalyst with an amide functional group enables the chlorine evolution reaction; and that in the presence of CO2, it achieves a current density of 10 kA m-2 and a selectivity of 99.6% at an overpotential of only 89 mV and thus rivals the dimensionally stable anode. We find that reversible binding of CO2 to the amide nitrogen facilitates formation of a radical species that plays a critical role in Cl2 generation, and that might also prove useful in the context of Cl- batteries and organic synthesis19-21. Although organocatalysts are typically not considered promising for demanding electrochemical applications, this work demonstrates their broader potential and the opportunities they offer for developing industrially relevant new processes and exploring new electrochemical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Ying-Ming Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Abstract
Combustion is a reactive oxidation process that releases energy bound in chemical compounds used as fuels─energy that is needed for power generation, transportation, heating, and industrial purposes. Because of greenhouse gas and local pollutant emissions associated with fossil fuels, combustion science and applications are challenged to abandon conventional pathways and to adapt toward the demand of future carbon neutrality. For the design of efficient, low-emission processes, understanding the details of the relevant chemical transformations is essential. Comprehensive knowledge gained from decades of fossil-fuel combustion research includes general principles for establishing and validating reaction mechanisms and process models, relying on both theory and experiments with a suite of analytic monitoring and sensing techniques. Such knowledge can be advantageously applied and extended to configure, analyze, and control new systems using different, nonfossil, potentially zero-carbon fuels. Understanding the impact of combustion and its links with chemistry needs some background. The introduction therefore combines information on exemplary cultural and technological achievements using combustion and on nature and effects of combustion emissions. Subsequently, the methodology of combustion chemistry research is described. A major part is devoted to fuels, followed by a discussion of selected combustion applications, illustrating the chemical information needed for the future.
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40
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Zhao Y, Duan M, Deng C, Yang J, Yang S, Zhang Y, Sheng H, Li Y, Chen C, Zhao J. Br -/BrO --mediated highly efficient photoelectrochemical epoxidation of alkenes on α-Fe 2O 3. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1943. [PMID: 37029125 PMCID: PMC10082182 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epoxides are significant intermediates for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and epoxy resins. In this study, we develop a Br-/BrO- mediated photoelectrochemical epoxidation system on α-Fe2O3. High selectivity (up to >99%) and faradaic efficiency (up to 82 ± 4%) for the epoxidation of a wide range of alkenes are achieved, with water as oxygen source, which are far beyond the most reported electrochemical and photoelectrochemical epoxidation performances. Further, we can verify that the epoxidation reaction is mediated by Br-/BrO- route, in which Br- is oxidized non-radically to BrO- by an oxygen atom transfer pathway on α-Fe2O3, and the formed BrO- in turn transfers its oxygen atom to the alkenes. The non-radical mediated characteristic and the favorable thermodynamics of the oxygen atom transfer process make the epoxidation reactions very efficient. We believe that this photoelectrochemical Br-/BrO--mediated epoxidation provides a promising strategy for value-added production of epoxides and hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mengyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chaoyuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Sipeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hua Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Youji Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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41
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Leow WR, Völker S, Meys R, Huang JE, Jaffer SA, Bardow A, Sargent EH. Electrified hydrocarbon-to-oxygenates coupled to hydrogen evolution for efficient greenhouse gas mitigation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1954. [PMID: 37029102 PMCID: PMC10082166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemicals manufacture is among the top greenhouse gas contributors. More than half of the associated emissions are attributable to the sum of ammonia plus oxygenates such as methanol, ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. Here we explore the impact of electrolyzer systems that couple electrically-powered anodic hydrocarbon-to-oxygenate conversion with cathodic H2 evolution reaction from water. We find that, once anodic hydrocarbon-to-oxygenate conversion is developed with high selectivities, greenhouse gas emissions associated with fossil-based NH3 and oxygenates manufacture can be reduced by up to 88%. We report that low-carbon electricity is not mandatory to enable a net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions: global chemical industry emissions can be reduced by up to 39% even with electricity having the carbon footprint per MWh available in the United States or China today. We conclude with considerations and recommendations for researchers who wish to embark on this research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
| | - Simon Völker
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Raoul Meys
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany
- Carbon Minds GmbH, Eupener Straße 165, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | | | - André Bardow
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany.
- Energy & Process Systems Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Energy Systems Engineering (IEK-10), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
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42
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Frazão CJR, Wagner N, Rabe K, Walther T. Construction of a synthetic metabolic pathway for biosynthesis of 2,4-dihydroxybutyric acid from ethylene glycol. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1931. [PMID: 37024485 PMCID: PMC10079672 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylene glycol is an attractive two-carbon alcohol substrate for biochemical product synthesis as it can be derived from CO2 or syngas at no sacrifice to human food stocks. Here, we disclose a five-step synthetic metabolic pathway enabling the carbon-conserving biosynthesis of the versatile platform molecule 2,4-dihydroxybutyric acid (DHB) from this compound. The linear pathway chains ethylene glycol dehydrogenase, D-threose aldolase, D-threose dehydrogenase, D-threono-1,4-lactonase, D-threonate dehydratase and 2-oxo-4-hydroxybutyrate reductase enzyme activities in succession. We screen candidate enzymes with D-threose dehydrogenase and D-threonate dehydratase activities on cognate substrates with conserved carbon-centre stereochemistry. Lastly, we show the functionality of the pathway by its expression in an Escherichia coli strain and production of 1 g L-1 and 0.8 g L-1 DHB from, respectively, glycolaldehyde or ethylene glycol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio J R Frazão
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nils Wagner
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kenny Rabe
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Walther
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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43
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Ma J, Chen K, Wang J, Huang L, Dang C, Gu L, Cao X. Killing Two Birds with One Stone: Upgrading Organic Compounds via Electrooxidation in Electricity-Input Mode and Electricity-Output Mode. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2500. [PMID: 36984379 PMCID: PMC10056343 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemically oxidative upgrading reaction (OUR) of organic compounds has gained enormous interest over the past few years, owing to the advantages of fast reaction kinetics, high conversion efficiency and selectivity, etc., and it exhibits great potential in becoming a key element in coupling with electricity, synthesis, energy storage and transformation. On the one hand, the kinetically more favored OUR for value-added chemical generation can potentially substitute an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and integrate with an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) or CO2 electroreduction reaction (CO2RR) in an electricity-input mode. On the other hand, an OUR-based cell or battery (e.g., fuel cell or Zinc-air battery) enables the cogeneration of value-added chemicals and electricity in the electricity-output mode. For both situations, multiple benefits are to be obtained. Although the OUR of organic compounds is an old and rich discipline currently enjoying a revival, unfortunately, this fascinating strategy and its integration with the HER or CO2RR, and/or with electricity generation, are still in the laboratory stage. In this minireview, we summarize and highlight the latest progress and milestones of the OUR for the high-value-added chemical production and cogeneration of hydrogen, CO2 conversion in an electrolyzer and/or electricity in a primary cell. We also emphasize catalyst design, mechanism identification and system configuration. Moreover, perspectives on OUR coupling with the HER or CO2RR in an electrolyzer in the electricity-input mode, and/or the cogeneration of electricity in a primary cell in the electricity-output mode, are offered for the future development of this fascinating technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Ma
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Chenyang Dang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Li Gu
- School of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Xuebo Cao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
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44
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Han S, Cheng C, He M, Li R, Gao Y, Yu Y, Zhang B, Liu C. Preferential Adsorption of Ethylene Oxide on Fe and Chlorine on Ni Enabled Scalable Electrosynthesis of Ethylene Chlorohydrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216581. [PMID: 36734467 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Industrial manufacturing of ethylene chlorohydrin (ECH) critically requires excess corrosive hydrochloric acid or hypochlorous acid with dealing with massive by-products and wastes. Here we report a green and efficient electrosynthesis of ECH from ethylene oxide (EO) with NaCl over a NiFe2 O4 nanosheet anode. Theoretical results suggest that EO and Cl preferentially adsorb on Fe and Ni sites, respectively, collaboratively promoting the ECH synthesis. A Cl radical-mediated ring-opening process is proposed and confirmed, and the key Cl and carbon radical species are identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. This strategy can enable scalable electrosynthesis of 185.1 mmol of ECH in 1 h with 92.5 % yield at a 55 mA cm-2 current density. Furthermore, a series of other chloro- and bromoethanols with good to high yields and paired synthesis of ECH and 4-amino-3,6-dichloropyridine-2-carboxylicacid via respectively loading and unloading Cl are achieved, showing the promising potential of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Han
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chuanqi Cheng
- Institute of New Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Meng He
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yifu Yu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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45
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Bu J, Chang S, Li J, Yang S, Ma W, Liu Z, An S, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhang J. Highly selective electrocatalytic alkynol semi-hydrogenation for continuous production of alkenols. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1533. [PMID: 36941296 PMCID: PMC10027872 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkynols semi-hydrogenation is a critical industrial process as the product, alkenols, have extensive applications in chemistry and life sciences. However, this class of reactions is plagued by the use of high-pressure hydrogen, Pd-based catalysts, and low efficiency of the contemporary thermocatalytic process. Here, we report an electrocatalytic approach for selectively hydrogenating alkynols to alkenols under ambient conditions. For representative 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol, Cu nanoarrays derived electrochemically from CuO, achieve a high partial current density of 750 mA cm-2 and specific selectivity of 97% at -0.88 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode in alkaline solution. Even in a large two-electrode flow electrolyser, the Cu nanoarrays deliver a single-pass alkynol conversion of 93% with continuous production of 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol at a rate of ~169 g gCu-1 h-1. Theoretical and in situ electrochemical infrared investigations reveal that the semi-hydrogenation performance is enhanced by exothermic alkynol adsorption and alkenol desorption on the Cu surfaces. Furthermore, this electrocatalytic semi-hydrogenation strategy is shown to be applicable to a variety of alkynol substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, PR China
| | - Siyu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, PR China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, PR China
| | - Sanyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, PR China
| | - Wenxiu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, PR China
| | - Zhenpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Siying An
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, PR China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Hualu Engineering and Technology Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710065, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710129, PR China.
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46
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Yang H, Wang X, Liu Q, Huang A, Zhang X, Yu Y, Zhuang Z, Li G, Li Y, Peng Q, Chen X, Xiao H, Chen C. Heterogeneous Iridium Single-Atom Molecular-like Catalysis for Epoxidation of Ethylene. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6658-6670. [PMID: 36802612 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient and simple catalysts to reveal the key scientific issues in the epoxidation of ethylene has been a long-standing goal for chemists, whereas a heterogenized molecular-like catalyst is desirable which combines the best aspects of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Single-atom catalysts can effectively mimic molecular catalysts on account of their well-defined atomic structures and coordination environments. Herein, we report a strategy for selective epoxidation of ethylene, which exploits a heterogeneous catalyst comprising iridium single atoms to interact with the reactant molecules that act analogously to ligands, resulting in molecular-like catalysis. This catalytic protocol features a near-unity selectivity (99%) to produce value-added ethylene oxide. We investigated the origin of the improvement of selectivity for ethylene oxide for this iridium single-atom catalyst and attributed the improvement to the π-coordination between the iridium metal center with a higher oxidation state and ethylene or molecular oxygen. The molecular oxygen adsorbed on the iridium single-atom site not only helps to strengthen the adsorption of ethylene molecule by iridium but also alters its electronic structure, allowing iridium to donate electrons into the double bond π* orbitals of ethylene. This catalytic strategy facilitates the formation of five-membered oxametallacycle intermediates, leading to the exceptionally high selectivity for ethylene oxide. Our model of single-atom catalysts featuring remarkable molecular-like catalysis can be utilized as an effective strategy for inhibiting the overoxidation of the desired product. Implementing the concepts of homogeneous catalysis into heterogeneous catalysis would provide new perspectives for the design of new advanced catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology and Application of Urban Air, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | | | - Qinggang Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aijian Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zewen Zhuang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Ganggang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, Research Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Single-Atom Catalysis Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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47
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Xu Z, Peng C, Zheng G. Coupling Value-Added Anodic Reactions with Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203147. [PMID: 36380419 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction features a promising approach to realize carbon neutrality. However, its competitiveness is limited by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at anode, which consumes a large portion of energy. Coupling value-added anodic reactions with CO2 electroreduction has been emerging as a promising strategy in recent years to enhance the full-cell energy efficiency and produce valuable chemicals at both cathode and anode of the electrolyzer. This review briefly summarizes recent progresses on the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, and the economic feasibility of different CO2 electrolysis systems is discussed. Then a comprehensive summary of recent advances in the coupled electrolysis of CO2 and potential value-added anodic reactions is provided, with special focus on the specific cell designs. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities for the coupled electrolysis systems are proposed, which are targeted to facilitate progress in this field and push the CO2 electrolyzers to a more practical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikai Xu
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Chen Peng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Gengfeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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48
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Wagner N, Bade F, Straube E, Rabe K, Frazão CJR, Walther T. In vivo implementation of a synthetic metabolic pathway for the carbon-conserving conversion of glycolaldehyde to acetyl-CoA. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1125544. [PMID: 36845174 PMCID: PMC9947464 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1125544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylene glycol (EG) derived from plastic waste or CO2 can serve as a substrate for microbial production of value-added chemicals. Assimilation of EG proceeds though the characteristic intermediate glycolaldehyde (GA). However, natural metabolic pathways for GA assimilation have low carbon efficiency when producing the metabolic precursor acetyl-CoA. In alternative, the reaction sequence catalyzed by EG dehydrogenase, d-arabinose 5-phosphate aldolase, d-arabinose 5-phosphate isomerase, d-ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase (Rpe), d-xylulose 5-phosphate phosphoketolase, and phosphate acetyltransferase may enable the conversion of EG into acetyl-CoA without carbon loss. We investigated the metabolic requirements for in vivo function of this pathway in Escherichia coli by (over)expressing constituting enzymes in different combinations. Using 13C-tracer experiments, we first examined the conversion of EG to acetate via the synthetic reaction sequence and showed that, in addition to heterologous phosphoketolase, overexpression of all native enzymes except Rpe was required for the pathway to function. Since acetyl-CoA could not be reliably quantified by our LC/MS-method, the distribution of isotopologues in mevalonate, a stable metabolite that is exclusively derived from this intermediate, was used to probe the contribution of the synthetic pathway to biosynthesis of acetyl-CoA. We detected strong incorporation of 13C carbon derived from labeled GA in all intermediates of the synthetic pathway. In presence of unlabeled co-substrate glycerol, 12.4% of the mevalonate (and therefore acetyl-CoA) was derived from GA. The contribution of the synthetic pathway to acetyl-CoA production was further increased to 16.1% by the additional expression of the native phosphate acyltransferase enzyme. Finally, we demonstrated that conversion of EG to mevalonate was feasible albeit at currently extremely small yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Wagner
- TU Dresden, Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frederik Bade
- TU Dresden, Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elly Straube
- TU Dresden, Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kenny Rabe
- TU Dresden, Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Dresden, Germany
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49
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Wang Q, Yang C, Yan Y, Yu H, Guan A, Kan M, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Zheng G. Electrocatalytic CO 2 Upgrading to Triethanolamine by Bromine-Assisted C 2 H 4 Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212733. [PMID: 36286347 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2 ) reduction is a promising approach for converting this greenhouse gas into value-added chemicals, while the capability of producing products with longer carbon chains (Cn >3) is limited. Herein, we demonstrate the Br-assisted electrocatalytic oxidation of ethylene (C2 H4 ), a major CO2 electroreduction product, into 2-bromoethanol by electro-generated bromine on metal phthalocyanine catalysts. Due to the preferential formation of Br2 over *O or Cl2 to activate the C=C bond, a high partial current density of producing 2-bromoethanol (46.6 mA⋅cm-2 ) was obtained with 87.2 % Faradaic efficiency. Further coupling with the electrocatalytic nitrite reduction to ammonia at the cathode allowed the production of triethanolamine with six carbon atoms. Moreover, by coupling a CO2 electrolysis cell for in situ C2 H4 generation and a C2 H4 oxidation/nitrite reduction cell, the capability of upgrading of CO2 and nitrite into triethanolamine was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqin Yan
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Haisheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201800, Shanghai, China
| | - Anxiang Guan
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Kan
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201800, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengfeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
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Xiong C, Xue C, Yu X, He Y, Liang Y, Zhou X, Ji H. Tuning the olefin-VOCs epoxidation performance of ceria by mechanochemical loading of coinage metal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129888. [PMID: 36084466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Under the background of carbon dioxide emission reduction, how to realize the treatment and the high value-added conversion of typical olefin volatile organic compounds (olefin-VOCs), such as styrene, is a big challenge. In this contribution, the ceria-supported coinage metal catalysts (M/CeO2, M = Au, Ag, and Cu) are successfully synthesized by a dry mechanochemical method, and their catalytic performance for styrene-VOC epoxidation with tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) as an oxidant to prepare high-value styrene oxide (SO) is investigated. The oxygen vacancies of ceria play a key role in the anchoring of metal nanoparticles. After ball milling, Au(III) is partially reduced and coexists on ceria in two valence states (Au3+ and Au0), and the reactive oxygen species of the as-prepared catalyst are enhanced. The catalytic behaviors, including solvents effect, substrate concentration, oxidant ratio, catalyst dosage, reaction time, and temperature, are systematically investigated. Au/CeO2 exhibits good styrene epoxidation performance with a total styrene conversion of 94% and a SO yield of 63%, along with good reusability and substrate scalability. Thermodynamics and kinetics show that Au/CeO2 was more favorable for styrene epoxidation and this reaction is dominated by the rate of intrinsic chemical reactions on the surface of the catalyst. Based on experimental discussions and a set of characterizations (XPS, XRD, in-situ FT-IR, ESR, ESI-HSMS, etc.), the mechanism is revealed as the synergistic catalysis between the reactive oxygen species of Au/CeO2 and the peroxide radicals generated by the homolysis of TBHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xiong
- Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Can Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Chemicals, XinHuaYue Group, Maoming 525000, PR China.
| | - Xingrui Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, PR China
| | - Yaorong He
- Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yichao Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, PR China
| | - Xiantai Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, PR China
| | - Hongbing Ji
- Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516000, PR China.
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