1
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Wang B, Wang M, Fan Z, Ma C, Xi S, Chang LY, Zhang M, Ling N, Mi Z, Chen S, Leow WR, Zhang J, Wang D, Lum Y. Nanocurvature-induced field effects enable control over the activity of single-atom electrocatalysts. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1719. [PMID: 38409205 PMCID: PMC10897157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuning interfacial electric fields provides a powerful means to control electrocatalyst activity. Importantly, electric fields can modify adsorbate binding energies based on their polarizability and dipole moment, and hence operate independently of scaling relations that fundamentally limit performance. However, implementation of such a strategy remains challenging because typical methods modify the electric field non-uniformly and affects only a minority of active sites. Here we discover that uniformly tunable electric field modulation can be achieved using a model system of single-atom catalysts (SACs). These consist of M-N4 active sites hosted on a series of spherical carbon supports with varying degrees of nanocurvature. Using in-situ Raman spectroscopy with a Stark shift reporter, we demonstrate that a larger nanocurvature induces a stronger electric field. We show that this strategy is effective over a broad range of SAC systems and electrocatalytic reactions. For instance, Ni SACs with optimized nanocurvature achieved a high CO partial current density of ~400 mA cm-2 at >99% Faradaic efficiency for CO2 reduction in acidic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ziting Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua, China
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lo-Yueh Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ning Ling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ziyu Mi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shenghua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua, China
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jia Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua, China
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
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2
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Wang M, Wang B, Zhang J, Xi S, Ling N, Mi Z, Yang Q, Zhang M, Leow WR, Zhang J, Lum Y. Acidic media enables oxygen-tolerant electrosynthesis of multicarbon products from simulated flue gas. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1218. [PMID: 38336956 PMCID: PMC10858036 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Renewable electricity powered electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) offers a valuable method to close the carbon cycle and reduce our overreliance on fossil fuels. However, high purity CO2 is usually required as feedstock, which potentially decreases the feasibility and economic viability of the process. Direct conversion of flue gas is an attractive option but is challenging due to the low CO2 concentration and the presence of O2 impurities. As a result, up to 99% of the applied current can be lost towards the undesired oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, we show that acidic electrolyte can significantly suppress ORR on Cu, enabling generation of multicarbon products from simulated flue gas. Using a composite Cu and carbon supported single-atom Ni tandem electrocatalyst, we achieved a multicarbon Faradaic efficiency of 46.5% at 200 mA cm-2, which is ~20 times higher than bare Cu under alkaline conditions. We also demonstrate stable performance for 24 h with a multicarbon product full-cell energy efficiency of 14.6%. Strikingly, this result is comparable to previously reported acidic CO2R systems using pure CO2. Our findings demonstrate a potential pathway towards designing efficient electrolyzers for direct conversion of flue gas to value-added chemicals and fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Bingqing Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Jiguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ning Ling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ziyu Mi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jia Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
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3
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Ling N, Zhang J, Wang M, Wang Z, Mi Z, Bin Dolmanan S, Zhang M, Wang B, Ru Leow W, Zhang J, Lum Y. Acidic Media Impedes Tandem Catalysis Reaction Pathways in Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308782. [PMID: 37522609 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2 R) in acidic media with Cu-based catalysts tends to suffer from lowered selectivity towards multicarbon products. This could in principle be mitigated using tandem catalysis, whereby the *CO coverage on Cu is increased by introducing a CO generating catalyst (e.g. Ag) in close proximity. Although this has seen significant success in neutral/alkaline media, here we report that such a strategy becomes impeded in acidic electrolyte. This was investigated through the co-reduction of 13 CO2 /12 CO mixtures using a series of Cu and CuAg catalysts. These experiments provide strong evidence for the occurrence of tandem catalysis in neutral media and its curtailment under acidic conditions. Density functional theory simulations suggest that the presence of H3 O+ weakens the *CO binding energy of Cu, preventing effective utilization of tandem-supplied CO. Our findings also provide other unanticipated insights into the tandem catalysis reaction pathway and important design considerations for effective CO2 R in acidic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jiguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Ziyu Mi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Surani Bin Dolmanan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Bingqing Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jia Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
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4
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Leow WR, Völker S, Meys R, Huang JE, Jaffer SA, Bardow A, Sargent EH. Electrified hydrocarbon-to-oxygenates coupled to hydrogen evolution for efficient greenhouse gas mitigation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1954. [PMID: 37029102 PMCID: PMC10082166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemicals manufacture is among the top greenhouse gas contributors. More than half of the associated emissions are attributable to the sum of ammonia plus oxygenates such as methanol, ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. Here we explore the impact of electrolyzer systems that couple electrically-powered anodic hydrocarbon-to-oxygenate conversion with cathodic H2 evolution reaction from water. We find that, once anodic hydrocarbon-to-oxygenate conversion is developed with high selectivities, greenhouse gas emissions associated with fossil-based NH3 and oxygenates manufacture can be reduced by up to 88%. We report that low-carbon electricity is not mandatory to enable a net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions: global chemical industry emissions can be reduced by up to 39% even with electricity having the carbon footprint per MWh available in the United States or China today. We conclude with considerations and recommendations for researchers who wish to embark on this research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
| | - Simon Völker
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Raoul Meys
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany
- Carbon Minds GmbH, Eupener Straße 165, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | | | - André Bardow
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany.
- Energy & Process Systems Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Energy Systems Engineering (IEK-10), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
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5
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Wang T, Cui Z, Liu Y, Lu D, Wang M, Wan C, Leow WR, Wang C, Pan L, Cao X, Huang Y, Liu Z, Tok AIY, Chen X. Mechanically Durable Memristor Arrays Based on a Discrete Structure Design. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2106212. [PMID: 34738253 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Memristors constitute a promising functional component for information storage and in-memory computing in flexible and stretchable electronics including wearable devices, prosthetics, and soft robotics. Despite tremendous efforts made to adapt conventional rigid memristors to flexible and stretchable scenarios, stretchable and mechanical-damage-endurable memristors, which are critical for maintaining reliable functions under unexpected mechanical attack, have never been achieved. Here, the development of stretchable memristors with mechanical damage endurance based on a discrete structure design is reported. The memristors possess large stretchability (40%) and excellent deformability (half-fold), and retain stable performances under dynamic stretching and releasing. It is shown that the memristors maintain reliable functions and preserve information after extreme mechanical damage, including puncture (up to 100 times) and serious tearing situations (fully diagonally cut). The structural strategy offers new opportunities for next-generation stretchable memristors with mechanical damage endurance, which is vital to achieve reliable functions for flexible and stretchable electronics even in extreme and highly dynamic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zequn Cui
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Dingjie Lu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Ming Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Changjin Wan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Changxian Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Liang Pan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xun Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yizhong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhuangjian Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Alfred Iing Yoong Tok
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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6
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Peng T, Zhuang T, Yan Y, Qian J, Dick GR, Behaghel de Bueren J, Hung SF, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wicks J, Garcia de Arquer FP, Abed J, Wang N, Sedighian Rasouli A, Lee G, Wang M, He D, Wang Z, Liang Z, Song L, Wang X, Chen B, Ozden A, Lum Y, Leow WR, Luo M, Meira DM, Ip AH, Luterbacher JS, Zhao W, Sargent EH. Ternary Alloys Enable Efficient Production of Methoxylated Chemicals via Selective Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Lignin Monomers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17226-17235. [PMID: 34617746 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We explore the selective electrocatalytic hydrogenation of lignin monomers to methoxylated chemicals, of particular interest, when powered by renewable electricity. Prior studies, while advancing the field rapidly, have so far lacked the needed selectivity: when hydrogenating lignin-derived methoxylated monomers to methoxylated cyclohexanes, the desired methoxy group (-OCH3) has also been reduced. The ternary PtRhAu electrocatalysts developed herein selectively hydrogenate lignin monomers to methoxylated cyclohexanes-molecules with uses in pharmaceutics. Using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and in situ Raman spectroscopy, we find that Rh and Au modulate the electronic structure of Pt and that this modulating steers intermediate energetics on the electrocatalyst surface to facilitate the hydrogenation of lignin monomers and suppress C-OCH3 bond cleavage. As a result, PtRhAu electrocatalysts achieve a record 58% faradaic efficiency (FE) toward 2-methoxycyclohexanol from the lignin monomer guaiacol at 200 mA cm-2, representing a 1.9× advance in FE and a 4× increase in partial current density compared to the highest productivity prior reports. We demonstrate an integrated lignin biorefinery where wood-derived lignin monomers are selectively hydrogenated and funneled to methoxylated 2-methoxy-4-propylcyclohexanol using PtRhAu electrocatalysts. This work offers an opportunity for the sustainable electrocatalytic synthesis of methoxylated pharmaceuticals from renewable biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada.,Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Taotao Zhuang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jin Qian
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Graham R Dick
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemicals Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, VD CH 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jean Behaghel de Bueren
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemicals Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, VD CH 1015, Switzerland
| | - Sung-Fu Hung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Ziyun Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Joshua Wicks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - F Pelayo Garcia de Arquer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Armin Sedighian Rasouli
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Geonhui Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Miao Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Daping He
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of RF-Microwave Technology and Application, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of RF-Microwave Technology and Application, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhixiu Liang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Liang Song
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mingchuan Luo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Debora Motta Meira
- CLS@APS sector 20, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States.,Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Alexander H Ip
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jeremy S Luterbacher
- Laboratory of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemicals Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, VD CH 1015, Switzerland
| | - Wei Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
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7
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Leow WR, Lum Y, Ozden A, Wang Y, Nam DH, Chen B, Wicks J, Zhuang TT, Li F, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Chloride-mediated selective electrosynthesis of ethylene and propylene oxides at high current density. Science 2020; 368:1228-1233. [PMID: 32527828 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz8459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemicals manufacturing consumes large amounts of energy and is responsible for a substantial portion of global carbon emissions. Electrochemical systems that produce the desired compounds by using renewable electricity offer a route to lower carbon emissions in the chemicals sector. Ethylene oxide is among the world's most abundantly produced commodity chemicals because of its importance in the plastics industry, notably for manufacturing polyesters and polyethylene terephthalates. We applied an extended heterogeneous:homogeneous interface, using chloride as a redox mediator at the anode, to facilitate the selective partial oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide. We achieved current densities of 1 ampere per square centimeter, Faradaic efficiencies of ~70%, and product specificities of ~97%. When run at 300 milliamperes per square centimeter for 100 hours, the system maintained a 71(±1)% Faradaic efficiency throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Dae-Hyun Nam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Joshua Wicks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Tao-Tao Zhuang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Fengwang Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada.
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8
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Pan L, Wang F, Cheng Y, Leow WR, Zhang YW, Wang M, Cai P, Ji B, Li D, Chen X. A supertough electro-tendon based on spider silk composites. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1332. [PMID: 32165612 PMCID: PMC7067870 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14988-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to transmission systems based on shafts and gears, tendon-driven systems offer a simpler and more dexterous way to transmit actuation force in robotic hands. However, current tendon fibers have low toughness and suffer from large friction, limiting the further development of tendon-driven robotic hands. Here, we report a super tough electro-tendon based on spider silk which has a toughness of 420 MJ/m3 and conductivity of 1,077 S/cm. The electro-tendon, mechanically toughened by single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and electrically enhanced by PEDOT:PSS, can withstand more than 40,000 bending-stretching cycles without changes in conductivity. Because the electro-tendon can simultaneously transmit signals and force from the sensing and actuating systems, we use it to replace the single functional tendon in humanoid robotic hand to perform grasping functions without additional wiring and circuit components. This material is expected to pave the way for the development of robots and various applications in advanced manufacturing and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Pan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Fan Wang
- Biomechanics and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Applied Mechanics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Ming Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Baohua Ji
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Dechang Li
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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9
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Hu B, Berkey C, Feliciano T, Chen X, Li Z, Chen C, Amini S, Nai MH, Lei QL, Ni R, Wang J, Leow WR, Pan S, Li YQ, Cai P, Miserez A, Li S, Lim CT, Wu YL, Odom TW, Dauskardt RH, Chen X. Thermal-Disrupting Interface Mitigates Intercellular Cohesion Loss for Accurate Topical Antibacterial Therapy. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1907030. [PMID: 32072703 PMCID: PMC7702719 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections remain a leading threat to global health because of the misuse of antibiotics and the rise in drug-resistant pathogens. Although several strategies such as photothermal therapy and magneto-thermal therapy can suppress bacterial infections, excessive heat often damages host cells and lengthens the healing time. Here, a localized thermal managing strategy, thermal-disrupting interface induced mitigation (TRIM), is reported, to minimize intercellular cohesion loss for accurate antibacterial therapy. The TRIM dressing film is composed of alternative microscale arrangement of heat-responsive hydrogel regions and mechanical support regions, which enables the surface microtopography to have a significant effect on disrupting bacterial colonization upon infrared irradiation. The regulation of the interfacial contact to the attached skin confines the produced heat and minimizes the risk of skin damage during thermoablation. Quantitative mechanobiology studies demonstrate the TRIM dressing film with a critical dimension for surface features plays a critical role in maintaining intercellular cohesion of the epidermis during photothermal therapy. Finally, endowing wound dressing with the TRIM effect via in vivo studies in S. aureus infected mice demonstrates a promising strategy for mitigating the side effects of photothermal therapy against a wide spectrum of bacterial infections, promoting future biointerface design for antibacterial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical and Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Christopher Berkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Timothy Feliciano
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Zhuyun Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chao Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shahrouz Amini
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mui Hoon Nai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechanobiology Institute, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech) National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Qun-Li Lei
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Ran Ni
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Juan Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shaowu Pan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ali Miserez
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shuzhou Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechanobiology Institute, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech) National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Reinhold H Dauskardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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10
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Lum Y, Huang JE, Wang Z, Luo M, Nam DH, Leow WR, Chen B, Wicks J, Li YC, Wang Y, Dinh CT, Li J, Zhuang TT, Li F, Sham TK, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Tuning OH binding energy enables selective electrochemical oxidation of ethylene to ethylene glycol. Nat Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0386-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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He K, Liu Y, Wang M, Chen G, Jiang Y, Yu J, Wan C, Qi D, Xiao M, Leow WR, Yang H, Antonietti M, Chen X. An Artificial Somatic Reflex Arc. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1905399. [PMID: 31803996 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The emulation of human sensation, perception, and action processes has become a major challenge for bioinspired intelligent robotics, interactive human-machine interfacing, and advanced prosthetics. Reflex actions, enabled through reflex arcs, are important for human and higher animals to respond to stimuli from environment without the brain processing and survive the risks of nature. An artificial reflex arc system that emulates the functions of the reflex arc simplifies the complex circuit design needed for "central-control-only" processes and becomes a basic electronic component in an intelligent soft robotics system. An artificial somatic reflex arc that enables the actuation of electrochemical actuators in response to the stimulation of tactile pressures is reported. Only if the detected pressure by the pressure sensor is above the stimulus threshold, the metal-organic-framework-based threshold controlling unit (TCU) can be activated and triggers the electrochemical actuators to complete the motion. Such responding mechanism mimics the all-or-none law in the human nervous system. As a proof of concept, the artificial somatic reflex arc is successfully integrated into a robot to mimic the infant grasp reflex. This work provides a unique and simplifying strategy for developing intelligent soft robotics, next-generation human-machine interfaces, and neuroprosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke He
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ming Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Changjin Wan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Meng Xiao
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hui Yang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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12
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Zhuang TT, Nam DH, Wang Z, Li HH, Gabardo CM, Li Y, Liang ZQ, Li J, Liu XJ, Chen B, Leow WR, Wu R, Wang X, Li F, Lum Y, Wicks J, O'Brien CP, Peng T, Ip AH, Sham TK, Yu SH, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Dopant-tuned stabilization of intermediates promotes electrosynthesis of valuable C3 products. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4807. [PMID: 31641126 PMCID: PMC6805905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The upgrading of CO2/CO feedstocks to higher-value chemicals via energy-efficient electrochemical processes enables carbon utilization and renewable energy storage. Substantial progress has been made to improve performance at the cathodic side; whereas less progress has been made on improving anodic electro-oxidation reactions to generate value. Here we report the efficient electroproduction of value-added multi-carbon dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO and methanol via oxidative carbonylation. We find that, compared to pure palladium controls, boron-doped palladium (Pd-B) tunes the binding strength of intermediates along this reaction pathway and favors DMC formation. We implement this doping strategy and report the selective electrosynthesis of DMC experimentally. We achieve a DMC Faradaic efficiency of 83 ± 5%, fully a 3x increase in performance compared to the corresponding pure Pd electrocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Tao Zhuang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Dae-Hyun Nam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ziyun Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Hui-Hui Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Christine M Gabardo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yi Li
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Qin Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Xiao-Jing Liu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Rui Wu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Fengwang Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Joshua Wicks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Colin P O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Alexander H Ip
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Tsun-Kong Sham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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14
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Zhu Z, Tang Y, Leow WR, Xia H, Lv Z, Wei J, Ge X, Cao S, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zhang H, Xi S, Du Y, Chen X. Approaching the Lithiation Limit of MoS2
While Maintaining Its Layered Crystalline Structure to Improve Lithium Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Yuxin Tang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Huarong Xia
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Zhisheng Lv
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Wei
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Xiang Ge
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Shengkai Cao
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Wei Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences; 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Singapore
| | - Yonghua Du
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences; 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
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15
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Zhu Z, Tang Y, Leow WR, Xia H, Lv Z, Wei J, Ge X, Cao S, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zhang H, Xi S, Du Y, Chen X. Approaching the Lithiation Limit of MoS2
While Maintaining Its Layered Crystalline Structure to Improve Lithium Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3521-3526. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Yuxin Tang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Huarong Xia
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Zhisheng Lv
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Wei
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Xiang Ge
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Shengkai Cao
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Wei Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences; 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Singapore
| | - Yonghua Du
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences; 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
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16
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Yu J, Kong J, Hao W, Guo X, He H, Leow WR, Liu Z, Cai P, Qian G, Li S, Chen X, Chen X. Broadband Extrinsic Self-Trapped Exciton Emission in Sn-Doped 2D Lead-Halide Perovskites. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1806385. [PMID: 30556251 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As emerging efficient emitters, metal-halide perovskites offer the intriguing potential to the low-cost light emitting devices. However, semiconductors generally suffer from severe luminescence quenching due to insufficient confinement of excitons (bound electron-hole pairs). Here, Sn-triggered extrinsic self-trapping of excitons in bulk 2D perovskite crystal, PEA2 PbI4 (PEA = phenylethylammonium), is reported, where exciton self-trapping never occurs in its pure state. By creating local potential wells, isoelectronic Sn dopants initiate the localization of excitons, which would further induce the large lattice deformation around the impurities to accommodate the self-trapped excitons. With such self-trapped states, the Sn-doped perovskites generate broadband red-to-near-infrared (NIR) emission at room temperature due to strong exciton-phonon coupling, with a remarkable quantum yield increase from 0.7% to 6.0% (8.6 folds), reaching 42.3% under a 100 mW cm-2 excitation by extrapolation. The quantum yield enhancement stems from substantial higher thermal quench activation energy of self-trapped excitons than that of free excitons (120 vs 35 meV). It is further revealed that the fast exciton diffusion involves in the initial energy transfer step by transient absorption spectroscopy. This dopant-induced extrinsic exciton self-trapping approach paves the way for extending the spectral range of perovskite emitters, and may find emerging application in efficient supercontinuum sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jintao Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Wei Hao
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xintong Guo
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Huajun He
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Guodong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shuzhou Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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17
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Wang T, Qi D, Yang H, Liu Z, Wang M, Leow WR, Chen G, Yu J, He K, Cheng H, Wu YL, Zhang H, Chen X. Tactile Chemomechanical Transduction Based on an Elastic Microstructured Array to Enhance the Sensitivity of Portable Biosensors. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1803883. [PMID: 30334282 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tactile sensors capable of perceiving biophysical signals such as force, pressure, or strain have attracted extensive interest for versatile applications in electronic skin, noninvasive healthcare, and biomimetic prostheses. Despite these great achievements, they are still incapable of detecting bio/chemical signals that provide even more meaningful and precise health information due to the lack of efficient transduction principles. Herein, a tactile chemomechanical transduction strategy that enables the tactile sensor to perceive bio/chemical signals is proposed. In this methodology, pyramidal tactile sensors are linked with biomarker-induced gas-producing reactions, which transduce biomarker signals to electrical signals in real time. The method is advantageous as it enhances electrical signals by more than tenfold based on a triple-step signal amplification strategy, as compared to traditional electrical biosensors. It also constitutes a portable and general platform capable of quantifying a wide spectrum of targets including carcinoembryonic antigen, interferon-γ, and adenosine. Such tactile chemomechanical transduction would greatly broaden the application of tactile sensors toward bio/chemical signals perception which can be used in ultrasensitive portable biosensors and chemical-responsive chemomechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics; College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; 3688 Nanhai Avenue Shenzhen Guangdong 518060 China
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Hui Yang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Ming Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Ke He
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics; College of Optoelectronic Engineering; Shenzhen University; 3688 Nanhai Avenue Shenzhen Guangdong 518060 China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX); School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
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18
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Cai P, Hu B, Leow WR, Wang X, Loh XJ, Wu YL, Chen X. Biomechano-Interactive Materials and Interfaces. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1800572. [PMID: 29882230 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The reciprocal mechanical interaction of engineered materials with biointerfaces have long been observed and exploited in biomedical applications. It contributes to the rise of biomechano-responsive materials and biomechano-stimulatory materials, constituting the biomechano-interactive interfaces. Here, endogenous and exogenous biomechanical stimuli available for mechanoresponsive interfaces are briefed and their mechanistic responses, including deformation and volume change, mechanomanipulation of physical and chemical bonds, dissociation of assemblies, and coupling with thermoresponsiveness are summarized. The mechanostimulatory materials, however, are capable of delivering mechanical cues, including stiffness, viscoelasticity, geometrical constraints, and mechanical loads, to modulate physiological and pathological behaviors of living tissues through the adaptive cellular mechanotransduction. The biomechano-interactive materials and interfaces are widely implemented in such fields as mechanotriggered therapeutics and diagnosis, adaptive biophysical sensors, biointegrated soft actuators, and mechanorobust tissue engineering, which have offered unprecedented opportunities for precision and personalized medicine. Pending challenges are also addressed to shed a light on future advances with respect to translational implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Benhui Hu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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19
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Wang M, Wang W, Leow WR, Wan C, Chen G, Zeng Y, Yu J, Liu Y, Cai P, Wang H, Ielmini D, Chen X. Enhancing the Matrix Addressing of Flexible Sensory Arrays by a Highly Nonlinear Threshold Switch. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1802516. [PMID: 29971867 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The increasing need for smart systems in healthcare, wearable, and soft robotics is creating demand for low-power sensory circuits that can detect pressure, temperature, strain, and other local variables. Among the most critical requirements, the matrix circuitry to address the individual sensor device must be sensitive, immune to disturbances, and flexible within a high-density sensory array. Here, a strategy is reported to enhance the matrix addressing of a fully integrated flexible sensory array with an improvement of 108 fold in the maximum readout value of impedance by a bidirectional threshold switch. The threshold switch shows high flexibility (bendable to a radius of about 1 mm) and a high nonlinearity of ≈1010 by using a nanocontact structure strategy, which is revealed and validated by molecular dynamics simulations and experiments at variable mechanical stress. Such a flexible electronic switch enables a new generation of large-scale flexible and stretchable electronic and optoelectronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Wang
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Changjin Wan
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yi Zeng
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hong Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Daniele Ielmini
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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20
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Leow WR, Yu J, Li B, Hu B, Li W, Chen X. Correlating the Surface Basicity of Metal Oxides with Photocatalytic Hydroxylation of Boronic Acids to Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Bin Li
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Benhui Hu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
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21
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Leow WR, Yu J, Li B, Hu B, Li W, Chen X. Correlating the Surface Basicity of Metal Oxides with Photocatalytic Hydroxylation of Boronic Acids to Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9780-9784. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Bin Li
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Benhui Hu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials; Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
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22
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Liu Z, Qi D, Leow WR, Yu J, Xiloyannnis M, Cappello L, Liu Y, Zhu B, Jiang Y, Chen G, Masia L, Liedberg B, Chen X. 3D-Structured Stretchable Strain Sensors for Out-of-Plane Force Detection. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1707285. [PMID: 29774617 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable strain sensors, as the soft mechanical interface, provide the key mechanical information of the systems for healthcare monitoring, rehabilitation assistance, soft exoskeletal devices, and soft robotics. Stretchable strain sensors based on 2D flat film have been widely developed to monitor the in-plane force applied within the plane where the sensor is placed. However, to comprehensively obtain the mechanical feedback, the capability to detect the out-of-plane force, caused by the interaction outside of the plane where the senor is located, is needed. Herein, a 3D-structured stretchable strain sensor is reported to monitor the out-of-plane force by employing 3D printing in conjunction with out-of-plane capillary force-assisted self-pinning of carbon nanotubes. The 3D-structured sensor possesses large stretchability, multistrain detection, and strain-direction recognition by one single sensor. It is demonstrated that out-of-plane forces induced by the air/fluid flow are reliably monitored and intricate flow details are clearly recorded. The development opens up for the exploration of next-generation 3D stretchable sensors for electronic skin and soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Michele Xiloyannnis
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Leonardo Cappello
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bowen Zhu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lorenzo Masia
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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23
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Chen G, Matsuhisa N, Liu Z, Qi D, Cai P, Jiang Y, Wan C, Cui Y, Leow WR, Liu Z, Gong S, Zhang KQ, Cheng Y, Chen X. Plasticizing Silk Protein for On-Skin Stretchable Electrodes. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1800129. [PMID: 29603437 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Soft and stretchable electronic devices are important in wearable and implantable applications because of the high skin conformability. Due to the natural biocompatibility and biodegradability, silk protein is one of the ideal platforms for wearable electronic devices. However, the realization of skin-conformable electronic devices based on silk has been limited by the mechanical mismatch with skin, and the difficulty in integrating stretchable electronics. Here, silk protein is used as the substrate for soft and stretchable on-skin electronics. The original high Young's modulus (5-12 GPa) and low stretchability (<20%) are tuned into 0.1-2 MPa and > 400%, respectively. This plasticization is realized by the addition of CaCl2 and ambient hydration, whose mechanism is further investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, highly stretchable (>100%) electrodes are obtained by the thin-film metallization and the formation of wrinkled structures after ambient hydration. Finally, the plasticized silk electrodes, with the high electrical performance and skin conformability, achieve on-skin electrophysiological recording comparable to that by commercial gel electrodes. The proposed skin-conformable electronics based on biomaterials will pave the way for the harmonized integration of electronics into human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Naoji Matsuhisa
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Changjin Wan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yajing Cui
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhuangjian Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis North, 138632, Singapore
| | - Suxuan Gong
- Procter and Gamble, Singapore Innovation Center, 70 Biopolis Street, 138547, Singapore
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis North, 138632, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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24
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Jiang Y, Liu Z, Matsuhisa N, Qi D, Leow WR, Yang H, Yu J, Chen G, Liu Y, Wan C, Liu Z, Chen X. Auxetic Mechanical Metamaterials to Enhance Sensitivity of Stretchable Strain Sensors. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1706589. [PMID: 29380896 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable strain sensors play a pivotal role in wearable devices, soft robotics, and Internet-of-Things, yet these viable applications, which require subtle strain detection under various strain, are often limited by low sensitivity. This inadequate sensitivity stems from the Poisson effect in conventional strain sensors, where stretched elastomer substrates expand in the longitudinal direction but compress transversely. In stretchable strain sensors, expansion separates the active materials and contributes to the sensitivity, while Poisson compression squeezes active materials together, and thus intrinsically limits the sensitivity. Alternatively, auxetic mechanical metamaterials undergo 2D expansion in both directions, due to their negative structural Poisson's ratio. Herein, it is demonstrated that such auxetic metamaterials can be incorporated into stretchable strain sensors to significantly enhance the sensitivity. Compared to conventional sensors, the sensitivity is greatly elevated with a 24-fold improvement. This sensitivity enhancement is due to the synergistic effect of reduced structural Poisson's ratio and strain concentration. Furthermore, microcracks are elongated as an underlying mechanism, verified by both experiments and numerical simulations. This strategy of employing auxetic metamaterials can be further applied to other stretchable strain sensors with different constituent materials. Moreover, it paves the way for utilizing mechanical metamaterials into a broader library of stretchable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Naoji Matsuhisa
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hui Yang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Changjin Wan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhuangjian Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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25
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Yang H, Leow WR, Chen X. Thermal-Responsive Polymers for Enhancing Safety of Electrochemical Storage Devices. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1704347. [PMID: 29363208 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thermal runway constitutes the most pressing safety issue in lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors of large-scale and high-power density due to risks of fire or explosion. However, traditional strategies for averting thermal runaway do not enable the charging-discharging rate to change according to temperature or the original performance to resume when the device is cooled to room temperature. To efficiently control thermal runaway, thermal-responsive polymers provide a feasible and reversible strategy due to their ability to sense and subsequently act according to a predetermined sequence when triggered by heat. Herein, recent research progress on the use of thermal-responsive polymers to enhance the thermal safety of electrochemical storage devices is reviewed. First, a brief discussion is provided on the methods of preventing thermal runaway in electrochemical storage devices. Subsequently, a short review is provided on the different types of thermal-responsive polymers that can efficiently avoid thermal runaway, such as phase change polymers, polymers with sol-gel transitions, and polymers with positive temperature coefficients. The results represent the important development of thermal-responsive polymers toward the prevention of thermal runaway in next-generation smart electrochemical storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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26
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Abstract
The programmable nature of supramolecular interactions enables various supramolecular hydrogels to perform antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhui Hu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Cally Owh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Singapore
| | - Pei Lin Chee
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Xuan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
- China
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
- China
| | - Peizhi Guo
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
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27
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Hu B, Leow WR, Cai P, Li YQ, Wu YL, Chen X. Nanomechanical Force Mapping of Restricted Cell-To-Cell Collisions Oscillating between Contraction and Relaxation. ACS Nano 2017; 11:12302-12310. [PMID: 29131936 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Contact-mediated cell migration strongly determines the invasiveness of the corresponding cells, collective migration, and morphogenesis. The quantitative study of cellular response upon contact relies on cell-to-cell collision, which rarely occurs in conventional cell culture. Herein, we developed a strategy to activate a robust cell-to-cell collision within smooth muscle cell pairs. Nanomechanical traction force mapping reveals that the collision process is promoted by the oscillatory modulations between contraction and relaxation and orientated by the filopodial bridge composed of nanosized contractile machinery. This strategy can enhance the occurrence of cell-to-cell collision, which renders it advantageous over traditional methods that utilize micropatterned coating to confine cell pairs. Furthermore, modulation of the balance between cell tugging force and traction force can determine the repolarization of cells and thus the direction of cell migration. Overall, our approach could help to reveal the mechanistic contribution in cell motility and provide insights in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhui Hu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible
Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ke He
- Innovative Centre for Flexible
Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible
Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible
Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible
Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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29
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Qi D, Liu Z, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Leow WR, Pal M, Pan S, Yang H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Yu J, Li B, Yu Z, Wang W, Chen X. Highly Stretchable, Compliant, Polymeric Microelectrode Arrays for In Vivo Electrophysiological Interfacing. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1702800. [PMID: 28869690 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are emerging as a new generation of biointegrated microelectrodes to transduce original electrochemical signals in living tissues to external electrical circuits, and vice versa. So far, the challenge of stretchable polymeric MEAs lies in the competition between high stretchability and good electrode-substrate adhesion. The larger the stretchability, the easier the delamination of electrodes from the substrate due to the mismatch in their Young's modulus. In this work, polypyrrole (PPy) electrode materials are designed, with PPy nanowires integrated on the high conductive PPy electrode arrays. By utilizing this electrode material, for the first time, stretchable polymeric MEAs are fabricated with both high stretchability (≈100%) and good electrode-substrate adhesion (1.9 MPa). In addition, low Young's modulus (450 kPa), excellent recycling stability (10 000 cycles of stretch), and high conductivity of the MEAs are also achieved. As a proof of concept, the as-prepared polymeric MEAs are successfully used for conformally recording the electrocorticograph signals from rats in normal and epileptic states, respectively. Further, these polymeric MEAs are also successful in stimulating the ischiadic nerve of the rat. This strategy provides a new perspective to the highly stretchable and mechanically stable polymeric MEAs, which are vital for compliant neural electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianpeng Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mayank Pal
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shaowu Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhe Yu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen University Town, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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30
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Liu Y, Liu Z, Zhu B, Yu J, He K, Leow WR, Wang M, Chandran BK, Qi D, Wang H, Chen G, Xu C, Chen X. Stretchable Motion Memory Devices Based on Mechanical Hybrid Materials. Adv Mater 2017; 29. [PMID: 28681955 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Animals possess various functional systems such as sensory, nervous, and motor systems, which show effective cooperation in order to realize complicated and intelligent behaviors. This inspires rational designs for the integration of individual electronic devices to exhibit a series of functions, such as sensing, memory, and feedback. Inspired by the fact that humans can monitor and memorize various body motions, a motion memory device is developed to mimic this biological process. In this work, mechanical hybrid substrates are introduced, in which rigid memory devices and stretchable strain sensors are integrated into a single module, which enables them to work cooperatively in the wearable state. When attached to the joints of limbs, the motion memory device can detect the deformations caused by limb motions and simultaneously store the corresponding information in the memory device. This work would be valuable in materials design and electronics technology toward the realization of wearable and multifunctional electronic modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bowen Zhu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ke He
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ming Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bevita K Chandran
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hong Wang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Cai Xu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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31
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Yang H, Leow WR, Wang T, Wang J, Yu J, He K, Qi D, Wan C, Chen X. 3D Printed Photoresponsive Devices Based on Shape Memory Composites. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1701627. [PMID: 28660620 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Compared with traditional stimuli-responsive devices with simple planar or tubular geometries, 3D printed stimuli-responsive devices not only intimately meet the requirement of complicated shapes at macrolevel but also satisfy various conformation changes triggered by external stimuli at the microscopic scale. However, their development is limited by the lack of 3D printing functional materials. This paper demonstrates the 3D printing of photoresponsive shape memory devices through combining fused deposition modeling printing technology and photoresponsive shape memory composites based on shape memory polymers and carbon black with high photothermal conversion efficiency. External illumination triggers the shape recovery of 3D printed devices from the temporary shape to the original shape. The effect of materials thickness and light density on the shape memory behavior of 3D printed devices is quantified and calculated. Remarkably, sunlight also triggers the shape memory behavior of these 3D printed devices. This facile printing strategy would provide tremendous opportunities for the design and fabrication of biomimetic smart devices and soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ting Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Juan Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ke He
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Changjin Wan
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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32
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Hu B, Leow WR, Amini S, Nai B, Zhang X, Liu Z, Cai P, Li Z, Wu YL, Miserez A, Lim CT, Chen X. Orientational Coupling Locally Orchestrates a Cell Migration Pattern for Re-Epithelialization. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1700145. [PMID: 28585393 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Re-epithelialization by collective migration of epithelial cells over a heterogeneous environment to restore tissue integrity and functions is critical for development and regeneration. Here, it is reported that the spatial organization of adjacent adherent paths within sparsely distributed extracellular matrix (ECM) has a significant impact on the orientational coupling between cell polarization and collective cell migration. This coupling effect determines the migration pattern for human keratinocytes to regain their cohesion, which impacts the occupancy of epithelial bridge and the migration velocity in wound repair. Statistical studies suggest the converging organization of ECM, in which adjacent paths become closer to each other and finally converge to a junctional point, facilitating collective cell migration mostly within variable ECM organization, as the polarization of the advancing cell sheet is remodeled to align along the direction of cell migration. The findings may help to design implantable ECM to optimize efficient skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhui Hu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shahrouz Amini
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Brenda Nai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhuyun Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ali Miserez
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechanobiology Institute (MBI), National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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33
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Wu YL, Engl W, Hu B, Cai P, Leow WR, Tan NS, Lim CT, Chen X. Nanomechanically Visualizing Drug-Cell Interaction at the Early Stage of Chemotherapy. ACS Nano 2017; 11:6996-7005. [PMID: 28530823 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of chemotherapy is determined by the response of cell to the formation of the drug-target complex and its corresponding sudden or eventual cell death. However, visualization of this early but important process, encompassing the fast dynamics as well as complex network of molecular pathways, remains challenging. Herein, we report that the nanomechanical traction force is sensitive enough to reflect the early cellular response upon the addition of chemotherapeutical molecules in a real-time and noninvasive manner, due to interactions between chemotherapeutic drug and its cytoskeleton targets. This strategy has outperformed the traditional cell viability, cell cycle, cell impendence as well as intracellular protein analyses, in terms of fast response. Furthermore, by using the nanomechanical traction force as a nanoscale biophysical marker, we discover a cellular nanomechanical change upon drug treatment in a fast and sensitive manner. Overall, this approach could help to reveal the hidden mechanistic steps in chemotherapy and provide useful insights in drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wilfried Engl
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Benhui Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Pingqiang Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University , 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Agency for Science Technology & Research , Singapore 138673, Singapore
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children Hospital , 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Mechanobiology Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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34
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Cai P, Leow WR, Wang X, Wu YL, Chen X. Programmable Nano-Bio Interfaces for Functional Biointegrated Devices. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1605529. [PMID: 28397302 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of evidence has demonstrated the revolutionary role of nanosystems in the screening and shielding of biological systems. The explosive development of interfacing bioentities with programmable nanomaterials has conveyed the intriguing concept of nano-bio interfaces. Here, recent advances in functional biointegrated devices through the precise programming of nano-bio interactions are outlined, especially with regard to the rational assembly of constituent nanomaterials on multiple dimension scales (e.g., nanoparticles, nanowires, layered nanomaterials, and 3D-architectured nanomaterials), in order to leverage their respective intrinsic merits for different functions. Emerging nanotechnological strategies at nano-bio interfaces are also highlighted, such as multimodal diagnosis or "theragnostics", synergistic and sequential therapeutics delivery, and stretchable and flexible nanoelectronic devices, and their implementation into a broad range of biointegrated devices (e.g., implantable, minimally invasive, and wearable devices). When utilized as functional modules of biointegrated devices, these programmable nano-bio interfaces will open up a new chapter for precision nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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35
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Leow WR, Ng WKH, Peng T, Liu X, Li B, Shi W, Lum Y, Wang X, Lang X, Li S, Mathews N, Ager JW, Sum TC, Hirao H, Chen X. Al2O3 Surface Complexation for Photocatalytic Organic Transformations. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 139:269-276. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b09934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Wilson Kwok Hung Ng
- School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Tai Peng
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Bin Li
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaotian Wang
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Xianjun Lang
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Shuzhou Li
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Nripan Mathews
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Joel W. Ager
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Hajime Hirao
- School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative
Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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36
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Zhu B, Wang H, Leow WR, Cai Y, Loh XJ, Han MY, Chen X. Silk Fibroin for Flexible Electronic Devices. Adv Mater 2016; 28:4250-65. [PMID: 26684370 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electronic devices are necessary for applications involving unconventional interfaces, such as soft and curved biological systems, in which traditional silicon-based electronics would confront a mechanical mismatch. Biological polymers offer new opportunities for flexible electronic devices by virtue of their biocompatibility, environmental benignity, and sustainability, as well as low cost. As an intriguing and abundant biomaterial, silk offers exquisite mechanical, optical, and electrical properties that are advantageous toward the development of next-generation biocompatible electronic devices. The utilization of silk fibroin is emphasized as both passive and active components in flexible electronic devices. The employment of biocompatible and biosustainable silk materials revolutionizes state-of-the-art electronic devices and systems that currently rely on conventional semiconductor technologies. Advances in silk-based electronic devices would open new avenues for employing biomaterials in the design and integration of high-performance biointegrated electronics for future applications in consumer electronics, computing technologies, and biomedical diagnosis, as well as human-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Yurong Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Ming-Yong Han
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
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37
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Cai P, Layani M, Leow WR, Amini S, Liu Z, Qi D, Hu B, Wu YL, Miserez A, Magdassi S, Chen X. Bio-Inspired Mechanotactic Hybrids for Orchestrating Traction-Mediated Epithelial Migration. Adv Mater 2016; 28:3102-3110. [PMID: 26913959 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A platform of mechanotactic hybrids is established by projecting lateral gradients of apparent interfacial stiffness onto the planar surface of a compliant hydrogel layer using an underlying rigid substrate with microstructures inherited from 3D printed molds. Using this platform, the mechanistic coupling of epithelial migration with the stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is found to be independent of the interfacial compositional and topographical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingqiang Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Michael Layani
- Casali Center, Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shahrouz Amini
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Benhui Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ali Miserez
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Casali Center, Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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38
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Rui X, Qi D, Luo Y, Leow WR, Chen S, Guo J, Wei J, Li W, Deng J, Lai Y, Ma B, Chen X. Conductive Inks Based on a Lithium Titanate Nanotube Gel for High-Rate Lithium-Ion Batteries with Customized Configuration. Adv Mater 2016; 28:1567-76. [PMID: 26690727 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processable inks based on lithium titanate with a conductive network architecture, toward high-rate lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with a customized configuration are developed. The inks, with tunable viscosity, are compatible for on-demand coating techniques. The lithium titanate electrode derived from these inks exhibits excellent high-rate capacity (≈124 mA h g(-1) at 90 C, 15.7 A g(-1) ) after 1000 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianhong Rui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yifei Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jia Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wenlong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiyang Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuekun Lai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bing Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
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39
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Wang H, Meng F, Zhu B, Leow WR, Liu Y, Chen X. Resistive Switching Memory Devices Based on Proteins. Adv Mater 2015; 27:7670-6. [PMID: 25753764 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201405728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Resistive switching memory constitutes a prospective candidate for next-generation data storage devices. Meanwhile, naturally occurring biomaterials are promising building blocks for a new generation of environmentally friendly, biocompatible, and biodegradable electronic devices. Recent progress in using proteins to construct resistive switching memory devices is highlighted. The protein materials selection, device engineering, and mechanism of such protein-based resistive switching memory are discussed in detail. Finally, the critical challenges associated with protein-based resistive switching memory devices are presented, as well as insights into the future development of resistive switching memory based on natural biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Fanben Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Bowen Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Yaqing Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
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40
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Qi D, Liu Z, Liu Y, Leow WR, Zhu B, Yang H, Yu J, Wang W, Wang H, Yin S, Chen X. Suspended Wavy Graphene Microribbons for Highly Stretchable Microsupercapacitors. Adv Mater 2015; 27:5559-66. [PMID: 26291187 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Highly stretchable microsupercapacitors with stable electrochemical performance are fabricated. Their excellent stretchable and electrochemical performance relies on the suspended wavy structures of graphene microribbons. This avoids the detachment and cracks of the electrode materials. In addition, it ensures the electrode fingers keep a relatively constant distance so the stability of the microsupercapacitors can be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianpeng Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bowen Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiancan Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shengyan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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41
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Du J, Zhu B, Leow WR, Chen S, Sum TC, Peng X, Chen X. Colorimetric Detection of Creatinine Based on Plasmonic Nanoparticles via Synergistic Coordination Chemistry. Small 2015; 11:4104-4110. [PMID: 26037022 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201403369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple and portable colorimetric assay for creatinine detection is fabricated based on the synergistic coordination of creatinine and uric acid with Hg(2+) on the surface of gold nanoparticles, which exhibits good selectivity and sensitivity. Point-of-care clinical creatinine monitoring can be supported for monitoring renal function and diagnosing corresponding renal diseases at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Bowen Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shi Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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42
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Lang X, Hao W, Leow WR, Li S, Zhao J, Chen X. Tertiary amine mediated aerobic oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides by visible-light photoredox catalysis on TiO 2. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5000-5005. [PMID: 29142727 PMCID: PMC5664354 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01813g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The selective oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides receives much attention due to industrial and biological applications. However, the realization of this reaction with molecular oxygen at room temperature, which is of importance towards green and sustainable chemistry, remains challenging. Herein, we develop a strategy to achieve the aerobic oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides by exploring the synergy between a tertiary amine and titanium dioxide via visible-light photoredox catalysis. Specifically, titanium dioxide can interact with triethylamine (TEA) to form a visible-light harvesting surface complex, preluding the ensuing selective redox reaction. Moreover, TEA, whose stability was demonstrated by a turnover number of 32, plays a critical role as a redox mediator by shuttling electrons during the oxidation of sulfide. This work suggests that the addition of a redox mediator is highly functional in establishing visible-light-induced reactions via heterogeneous photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Lang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore . ;
| | - Wei Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore . ;
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore . ;
| | - Shuzhou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore . ;
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore . ;
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43
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Irwansyah I, Li YQ, Shi W, Qi D, Leow WR, Tang MBY, Li S, Chen X. Gram-positive antimicrobial activity of amino acid-based hydrogels. Adv Mater 2015; 27:648-54. [PMID: 25447243 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial hydrogels are prepared based on the co-assembly of commercial Fmoc-phenylalanine and Fmoc-leucine, which act as the hydrogelator and antimicrobial building block, respectively. This co-assembled antimicrobial hydrogel is demonstrated to exhibit selective bactericidal activity for gram-positive bacteria while being biocompatible with normal mammalian cells, showing great potential as an antimicrobial coating for clinical anti-infective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Irwansyah
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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44
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Bu J, Fang J, Leow WR, Zheng K, Chen X. Single-crystalline rutile TiO2 nano-flower hierarchical structures for enhanced photocatalytic selective oxidation from amine to imine. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23428j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One-pot synthesized single-crystalline 3D rutile TiO2 nano-flower hierarchical structures exhibited superior reactivity toward photocatalytic selective oxidation from amine to imine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Jun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Kaihong Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
- Singapore
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45
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Deng J, Qi D, Leow WR, Wei J, Yin S, Dong Z, Yazami R, Chen Z, Chen X. Back Cover: Unravelling the Correlation between the Aspect Ratio of Nanotubular Structures and Their Electrochemical Performance To Achieve High-Rate and Long-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49/2014). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Deng J, Qi D, Leow WR, Wei J, Yin S, Dong Z, Yazami R, Chen Z, Chen X. Rücktitelbild: Unravelling the Correlation between the Aspect Ratio of Nanotubular Structures and Their Electrochemical Performance To Achieve High-Rate and Long-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries (Angew. Chem. 49/2014). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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Lang X, Leow WR, Zhao J, Chen X. Synergistic photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of sulfides and amines on TiO 2 under visible-light irradiation. Chem Sci 2014; 6:1075-1082. [PMID: 29560195 PMCID: PMC5811138 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02891k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Visible-light-induced selective oxygenation of sulfides and oxidative formylation of amines in methanol with dioxygen were synergistically achieved on titanium dioxide.
Selective photocatalytic aerobic oxidation, which can be conducted under ambient conditions, is of great importance towards achieving sustainable chemistry. However, its practical applications are undermined by several challenges, such as low selectivity, sluggish reaction rates, and the requirement of UV light irradiation. Herein, we report a new concept of synergistic photocatalytic oxidation, for which two seemingly irrelevant reactions can be achieved in one photocatalytic system through the synergistic interplay of reactants and catalyst. As proof of concept, two challenging reactions, the aerobic oxidation of sulfide and the aerobic oxidative formylation of amine with methanol, were employed to demonstrate such synergistic photocatalytic aerobic oxidation under visible-light irradiation. This work could pave the way for highly selective photoredox catalysis via rational design based on mechanistic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Lang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore .
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore .
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry , Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore .
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48
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Zhu B, Niu Z, Wang H, Leow WR, Wang H, Li Y, Zheng L, Wei J, Huo F, Chen X. Microstructured graphene arrays for highly sensitive flexible tactile sensors. Small 2014; 10:3625-31. [PMID: 24895228 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive tactile sensor is devised by applying microstructured graphene arrays as sensitive layers. The combination of graphene and anisotropic microstructures endows this sensor with an ultra-high sensitivity of -5.53 kPa(-1) , an ultra-fast response time of only 0.2 ms, as well as good reliability, rendering it promising for the application of tactile sensing in artificial skin and human-machine interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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49
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Hu B, Shi W, Wu YL, Leow WR, Cai P, Li S, Chen X. Orthogonally engineering matrix topography and rigidity to regulate multicellular morphology. Adv Mater 2014; 26:5786-5793. [PMID: 25066463 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Programmable polymer substrates, which mimic the variable extracellular matrices in living systems, are used to regulate multicellular morphology, via orthogonally modulating the matrix topography and elasticity. The multicellular morphology is dependent on the competition between cell-matrix adhesion and cell-cell adhesion. Decreasing the cell-matrix adhesion provokes cytoskeleton reorganization, inhibits lamellipodial crawling, and thus enhances the leakiness of multicellular morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhui Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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50
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Deng J, Qi D, Leow WR, Wei J, Yin S, Dong Z, Yazami R, Chen Z, Chen X. Unravelling the Correlation between the Aspect Ratio of Nanotubular Structures and Their Electrochemical Performance To Achieve High-Rate and Long-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13488-92. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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