1
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Plisson VM, Yao X, Wang Y, Varnavides G, Suslov A, Graf D, Choi ES, Yang HY, Wang Y, Romanelli M, McNamara G, Singh B, McCandless GT, Chan JY, Narang P, Tafti F, Burch KS. Engineering Anomalously Large Electron Transport in Topological Semimetals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310944. [PMID: 38470991 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Anomalous transport of topological semimetals has generated significant interest for applications in optoelectronics, nanoscale devices, and interconnects. Understanding the origin of novel transport is crucial to engineering the desired material properties, yet their orders of magnitude higher transport than single-particle mobilities remain unexplained. This work demonstrates the dramatic mobility enhancements result from phonons primarily returning momentum to electrons due to phonon-electron dominating over phonon-phonon scattering. Proving this idea, proposed by Peierls in 1932, requires tuning electron and phonon dispersions without changing symmetry, topology, or disorder. This is achieved by combining de Haas - van Alphen (dHvA), electron transport, Raman scattering, and first-principles calculations in the topological semimetals MX2 (M = Nb, Ta and X = Ge, Si). Replacing Ge with Si brings the transport mobilities from an order magnitude larger than single particle ones to nearly balanced. This occurs without changing the crystal structure or topology and with small differences in disorder or Fermi surface. Simultaneously, Raman scattering and first-principles calculations establish phonon-electron dominated scattering only in the MGe2 compounds. Thus, this study proves that phonon-drag is crucial to the transport properties of topological semimetals and provides insight to engineer these materials further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaohan Yao
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Yaxian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - George Varnavides
- College of Letters and Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Alexey Suslov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - David Graf
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - Eun Sang Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - Hung-Yu Yang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Yiping Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | | | - Grant McNamara
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Birender Singh
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Gregory T McCandless
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemisty, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Julia Y Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemisty, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Prineha Narang
- College of Letters and Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Fazel Tafti
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth S Burch
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
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2
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Wang G, Wang C, Zhang X, Li Z, Zhou J, Sun Z. Machine learning interatomic potential: Bridge the gap between small-scale models and realistic device-scale simulations. iScience 2024; 27:109673. [PMID: 38646181 PMCID: PMC11033164 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Machine learning interatomic potential (MLIP) overcomes the challenges of high computational costs in density-functional theory and the relatively low accuracy in classical large-scale molecular dynamics, facilitating more efficient and precise simulations in materials research and design. In this review, the current state of the four essential stages of MLIP is discussed, including data generation methods, material structure descriptors, six unique machine learning algorithms, and available software. Furthermore, the applications of MLIP in various fields are investigated, notably in phase-change memory materials, structure searching, material properties predicting, and the pre-trained universal models. Eventually, the future perspectives, consisting of standard datasets, transferability, generalization, and trade-off between accuracy and complexity in MLIPs, are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Changrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuanguang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zefeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhimei Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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3
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Zabala J, Correa VF, Castro FJ, Pedrazzini P. Enhanced weak superconductivity in trigonal γ-PtBi 2. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:285701. [PMID: 38537283 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Electrical resistivity experiments show superconductivity atTc=1.1K in a high-quality single crystal of trigonalγ-PtBi2, with an enhanced critical magnetic fieldμ0Hc2(0)≳1.5Tesla and a low critical current-densityJc(0)≈40 A cm-2atH = 0. BothTcandHc2(0)are the highest reported values for stoichiometric bulk samples at ambient pressure. We found a weakHc2anisotropy withΓ=Hc2ab/Hc2c<1, which is unusual among superconductors. Under a magnetic field, the superconducting transition becomes broader and asymmetric. Along with the low critical currents, this observation suggests an inhomogeneous superconducting state. In fact, no trace of superconductivity is observed through field-cooling-zero-field-cooling magnetization experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zabala
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - V F Correa
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - F J Castro
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - P Pedrazzini
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
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4
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Hossain MS, Schindler F, Islam R, Muhammad Z, Jiang YX, Cheng ZJ, Zhang Q, Hou T, Chen H, Litskevich M, Casas B, Yin JX, Cochran TA, Yahyavi M, Yang XP, Balicas L, Chang G, Zhao W, Neupert T, Hasan MZ. A hybrid topological quantum state in an elemental solid. Nature 2024; 628:527-533. [PMID: 38600389 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Topology1-3 and interactions are foundational concepts in the modern understanding of quantum matter. Their nexus yields three important research directions: (1) the competition between distinct interactions, as in several intertwined phases, (2) the interplay between interactions and topology that drives the phenomena in twisted layered materials and topological magnets, and (3) the coalescence of several topological orders to generate distinct novel phases. The first two examples have grown into major areas of research, although the last example remains mostly unexplored, mainly because of the lack of a material platform for experimental studies. Here, using tunnelling microscopy, photoemission spectroscopy and a theoretical analysis, we unveil a 'hybrid' topological phase of matter in the simple elemental-solid arsenic. Through a unique bulk-surface-edge correspondence, we uncover that arsenic features a conjoined strong and higher-order topology that stabilizes a hybrid topological phase. Although momentum-space spectroscopy measurements show signs of topological surface states, real-space microscopy measurements unravel a unique geometry of topologically induced step-edge conduction channels revealed on various natural nanostructures on the surface. Using theoretical models, we show that the existence of gapless step-edge states in arsenic relies on the simultaneous presence of both a non-trivial strong Z2 invariant and a non-trivial higher-order topological invariant, which provide experimental evidence for hybrid topology. Our study highlights pathways for exploring the interplay of different band topologies and harnessing the associated topological conduction channels in engineered quantum or nano-devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafayat Hossain
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | | | - Rajibul Islam
- International Research Centre MagTop, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zahir Muhammad
- Hefei Innovation Research Institute, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiao Jiang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Zi-Jia Cheng
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Tao Hou
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maksim Litskevich
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Brian Casas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, and Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Jia-Xin Yin
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Tyler A Cochran
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Mohammad Yahyavi
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xian P Yang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Luis Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, and Physics Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Guoqing Chang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weisheng Zhao
- Hefei Innovation Research Institute, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Titus Neupert
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Zahid Hasan
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Quantum Science Center (QSC, ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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5
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Xiang L, Jin H, Wang J. Quantifying the photocurrent fluctuation in quantum materials by shot noise. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2012. [PMID: 38443381 PMCID: PMC10914713 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The DC photocurrent can detect the topology and geometry of quantum materials without inversion symmetry. Herein, we propose that the DC shot noise (DSN), as the fluctuation of photocurrent operator, can also be a diagnostic of quantum materials. Particularly, we develop the quantum theory for DSNs in gapped systems and identify the shift and injection DSNs by dividing the second-order photocurrent operator into off-diagonal and diagonal contributions, respectively. Remarkably, we find that the DSNs can not be forbidden by inversion symmetry, while the constraint from time-reversal symmetry depends on the polarization of light. Furthermore, we show that the DSNs also encode the geometrical information of Bloch electrons, such as the Berry curvature and the quantum metric. Finally, guided by symmetry, we apply our theory to evaluate the DSNs in monolayer GeS and bilayer MoS2 with and without inversion symmetry and find that the DSNs can be larger in centrosymmetric phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjun Xiang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Jin
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Physics, The University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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6
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Yan Q, Kar S, Chowdhury S, Bansil A. The Case for a Defect Genome Initiative. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303098. [PMID: 38195961 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The Materials Genome Initiative (MGI) has streamlined the materials discovery effort by leveraging generic traits of materials, with focus largely on perfect solids. Defects such as impurities and perturbations, however, drive many attractive functional properties of materials. The rich tapestry of charge, spin, and bonding states hosted by defects are not accessible to elements and perfect crystals, and defects can thus be viewed as another class of "elements" that lie beyond the periodic table. Accordingly, a Defect Genome Initiative (DGI) to accelerate functional defect discovery for energy, quantum information, and other applications is proposed. First, major advances made under the MGI are highlighted, followed by a delineation of pathways for accelerating the discovery and design of functional defects under the DGI. Near-term goals for the DGI are suggested. The construction of open defect platforms and design of data-driven functional defects, along with approaches for fabrication and characterization of defects, are discussed. The associated challenges and opportunities are considered and recent advances towards controlled introduction of functional defects at the atomic scale are reviewed. It is hoped this perspective will spur a community-wide interest in undertaking a DGI effort in recognition of the importance of defects in enabling unique functionalities in materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimin Yan
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Swastik Kar
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sugata Chowdhury
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Arun Bansil
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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7
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Zhang T, Coen F, Rappe AM. Strain-Induced Topological Phase Transitions Covering the Z4 Indicator in Orthorhombic Li 2AuBi. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2210-2217. [PMID: 38320301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The Z 4 symmetry indicator is widely used to classify topological materials hosting inversion symmetry. We find orthorhombic Li2AuBi in space group Cmcm is a topological insulator with Z 4 = 1 under no strain via first-principles calculations. Due to small band gaps in the kz = 0 plane, the band inversions can be selectively induced by moderate external strains to realize phases covering all values of Z 4 = 1, 2, 3, and 0. Detailed Z 4 phase diagrams are plotted under various moderate strains. The (001) surface states and their associated Fermi surfaces and spin textures are calculated. The topological surface states have different connectivities and different spin textures for the four different Z 4 phases. The tunability of topological surface states via moderate strain suggests Li2AuBi as an attractive topological material for device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Frank Coen
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6314, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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8
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Li JY, Kang XY, Zhang Y, Li S, Yao Y. Two-dimensional quadratic Weyl points, nodal loops, and spin-orbit Dirac points in PtS, PtSe, and PtTe monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4159-4165. [PMID: 38230417 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05680e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Topological quasiparticles have garnered significant research attention in condensed matter physics. However, they are exceedingly rare in two-dimensional systems, particularly those hosting unconventional topological quasiparticles. In this work, employing first-principles calculations and symmetry analysis, we demonstrate that PtS, PtSe, and PtTe monolayers serve as high-quality two-dimensional topological semimetal materials. These materials exhibit multiple types of topological quasiparticles around the Fermi level in the absence of spin-orbit coupling, such as conventional linear Weyl points and unconventional quadratic Weyl points in the PtS monolayer, as well as nodal loops in PtSe and PtTe monolayers. When spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is introduced, a tiny gap opens, transforming the systems into quantum spin hall insulators. Simultaneously, three spin-orbit Dirac points, robust against SOC, appear at the X, Y, and M points. We illustrate the symmetry protection, low-energy effective model, and edge states of these topological states. Our work provides an excellent material platform for studying novel two-dimensional topological quasiparticles and topological insulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yang Li
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Xin-Yue Kang
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Si Li
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yugui Yao
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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9
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Lin KS, Palumbo G, Guo Z, Hwang Y, Blackburn J, Shoemaker DP, Mahmood F, Wang Z, Fiete GA, Wieder BJ, Bradlyn B. Spin-resolved topology and partial axion angles in three-dimensional insulators. Nat Commun 2024; 15:550. [PMID: 38228584 PMCID: PMC10791639 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44762-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Symmetry-protected topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) have primarily been characterized by their gapless boundary states. However, in time-reversal- ([Formula: see text]-) invariant (helical) 3D TCIs-termed higher-order TCIs (HOTIs)-the boundary signatures can manifest as a sample-dependent network of 1D hinge states. We here introduce nested spin-resolved Wilson loops and layer constructions as tools to characterize the intrinsic bulk topological properties of spinful 3D insulators. We discover that helical HOTIs realize one of three spin-resolved phases with distinct responses that are quantitatively robust to large deformations of the bulk spin-orbital texture: 3D quantum spin Hall insulators (QSHIs), "spin-Weyl" semimetals, and [Formula: see text]-doubled axion insulator (T-DAXI) states with nontrivial partial axion angles indicative of a 3D spin-magnetoelectric bulk response and half-quantized 2D TI surface states originating from a partial parity anomaly. Using ab-initio calculations, we demonstrate that β-MoTe2 realizes a spin-Weyl state and that α-BiBr hosts both 3D QSHI and T-DAXI regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Sen Lin
- Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Giandomenico Palumbo
- School of Theoretical Physics, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 10 Burlington Road, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Zhaopeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yoonseok Hwang
- Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jeremy Blackburn
- Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Daniel P Shoemaker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Fahad Mahmood
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory A Fiete
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Benjamin J Wieder
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Institut de Physique Théorique, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Barry Bradlyn
- Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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10
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Singha R, Dalgaard KJ, Marchenko D, Krivenkov M, Rienks EDL, Jovanovic M, Teicher SML, Hu J, Salters TH, Lin J, Varykhalov A, Ong NP, Schoop LM. Colossal magnetoresistance in the multiple wave vector charge density wave regime of an antiferromagnetic Dirac semimetal. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh0145. [PMID: 37831777 PMCID: PMC10575584 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Colossal negative magnetoresistance is a well-known phenomenon, notably observed in hole-doped ferromagnetic manganites. It remains a major research topic due to its potential in technological applications. In contrast, topological semimetals show large but positive magnetoresistance, originated from the high-mobility charge carriers. Here, we show that in the highly electron-doped region, the Dirac semimetal CeSbTe demonstrates similar properties as the manganites. CeSb0.11Te1.90 hosts multiple charge density wave modulation vectors and has a complex magnetic phase diagram. We confirm that this compound is an antiferromagnetic Dirac semimetal. Despite having a metallic Fermi surface, the electronic transport properties are semiconductor-like and deviate from known theoretical models. An external magnetic field induces a semiconductor metal-like transition, which results in a colossal negative magnetoresistance. Moreover, signatures of the coupling between the charge density wave and a spin modulation are observed in resistivity. This spin modulation also produces a giant anomalous Hall response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnadwip Singha
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | | | - Dmitry Marchenko
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maxim Krivenkov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Emile D. L. Rienks
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Milena Jovanovic
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Samuel M. L. Teicher
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA. 93106, USA
| | - Jiayi Hu
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tyger H. Salters
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jingjing Lin
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Andrei Varykhalov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Phuan Ong
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Leslie M. Schoop
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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11
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Mandal M, Drucker NC, Siriviboon P, Nguyen T, Boonkird A, Lamichhane TN, Okabe R, Chotrattanapituk A, Li M. Topological Superconductors from a Materials Perspective. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:6184-6200. [PMID: 37637011 PMCID: PMC10448998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Topological superconductors (TSCs) have garnered significant research and industry attention in the past two decades. By hosting Majorana bound states which can be used as qubits that are robust against local perturbations, TSCs offer a promising platform toward (nonuniversal) topological quantum computation. However, there has been a scarcity of TSC candidates, and the experimental signatures that identify a TSC are often elusive. In this Perspective, after a short review of the TSC basics and theories, we provide an overview of the TSC materials candidates, including natural compounds and synthetic material systems. We further introduce various experimental techniques to probe TSCs, focusing on how a system is identified as a TSC candidate and why a conclusive answer is often challenging to draw. We conclude by calling for new experimental signatures and stronger computational support to accelerate the search for new TSC candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Mandal
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nathan C. Drucker
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- School
of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Phum Siriviboon
- Department
of Physics, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Artittaya Boonkird
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tej Nath Lamichhane
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ryotaro Okabe
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Abhijatmedhi Chotrattanapituk
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mingda Li
- Quantum
Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Ren W, Xue W, Guo S, He R, Deng L, Song S, Sotnikov A, Nielsch K, van den Brink J, Gao G, Chen S, Han Y, Wu J, Chu CW, Wang Z, Wang Y, Ren Z. Vacancy-mediated anomalous phononic and electronic transport in defective half-Heusler ZrNiBi. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4722. [PMID: 37543679 PMCID: PMC10404254 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of vacancy-mediated anomalous transport properties have flourished in diverse fields since these properties endow solid materials with fascinating photoelectric, ferroelectric, and spin-electric behaviors. Although phononic and electronic transport underpin the physical origin of thermoelectrics, vacancy has only played a stereotyped role as a scattering center. Here we reveal the multifunctionality of vacancy in tailoring the transport properties of an emerging thermoelectric material, defective n-type ZrNiBi. The phonon kinetic process is mediated in both propagating velocity and relaxation time: vacancy-induced local soft bonds lower the phonon velocity while acoustic-optical phonon coupling, anisotropic vibrations, and point-defect scattering induced by vacancy shorten the relaxation time. Consequently, defective ZrNiBi exhibits the lowest lattice thermal conductivity among the half-Heusler family. In addition, a vacancy-induced flat band features prominently in its electronic band structure, which is not only desirable for electron-sufficient thermoelectric materials but also interesting for driving other novel physical phenomena. Finally, better thermoelectric performance is established in a ZrNiBi-based compound. Our findings not only demonstrate a promising thermoelectric material but also promote the fascinating vacancy-mediated anomalous transport properties for multidisciplinary explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyang Ren
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Wenhua Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Guo
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Ran He
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Liangzi Deng
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Shaowei Song
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Andrei Sotnikov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden, 01069, Germany
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Yimo Han
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jiang Wu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Ching-Wu Chu
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yumei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhifeng Ren
- Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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13
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Watson MD, Louat A, Cacho C, Choi S, Lee YH, Neumann M, Kim G. Spectral signatures of a unique charge density wave in Ta 2NiSe 7. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3388. [PMID: 37296116 PMCID: PMC10256806 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Charge Density Waves (CDW) are commonly associated with the presence of near-Fermi level states which are separated from others, or "nested", by a wavector of q. Here we use Angle-Resolved Photo Emission Spectroscopy (ARPES) on the CDW material Ta2NiSe7 and identify a total absence of any plausible nesting of states at the primary CDW wavevector q. Nevertheless we observe spectral intensity on replicas of the hole-like valence bands, shifted by a wavevector of q, which appears with the CDW transition. In contrast, we find that there is a possible nesting at 2q, and associate the characters of these bands with the reported atomic modulations at 2q. Our comprehensive electronic structure perspective shows that the CDW-like transition of Ta2NiSe7 is unique, with the primary wavevector q being unrelated to any low-energy states, but suggests that the reported modulation at 2q, which would plausibly connect low-energy states, might be more important for the overall energetics of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Watson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.
| | - Alex Louat
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Cephise Cacho
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Sungkyun Choi
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Neumann
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gideok Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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14
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Wuttig M, Schön CF, Lötfering J, Golub P, Gatti C, Raty JY. Revisiting the Nature of Chemical Bonding in Chalcogenides to Explain and Design their Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208485. [PMID: 36456187 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical bonding descriptors have recently been utilized to design materials with tailored properties. Their usage to facilitate a quantitative description of bonding in chalcogenides as well as the transition between different bonding mechanisms is reviewed. More importantly, these descriptors can also be employed as property predictors for several important material characteristics, including optical and transport properties. Hence, these quantum chemical bonding descriptors can be utilized to tailor material properties of chalcogenides relevant for thermoelectrics, photovoltaics, and phase-change memories. Relating material properties to bonding mechanisms also shows that there is a class of materials, which are characterized by unconventional properties such as a pronounced anharmonicity, a large chemical bond polarizability, and strong optical absorption. This unusual property portfolio is attributed to a novel bonding mechanism, fundamentally different from ionic, metallic, and covalent bonding, which is called "metavalent." In the concluding section, a number of promising research directions are sketched, which explore the nature of the property changes upon changing bonding mechanism and extend the concept of quantum chemical property predictors to more complex compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wuttig
- I. Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
- Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA FIT and JARA HPC), RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
- PGI 10 (Green IT), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Carl-Friedrich Schön
- I. Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jakob Lötfering
- I. Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pavlo Golub
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dolejškova 2155/3, Prague 8, 182 23, Czech Republic
| | - Carlo Gatti
- CNR-SCITEC, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", sezione di via Golgi, via Golgi 19, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Jean-Yves Raty
- CESAM B5, Université de Liège, Sart-Tilman, B4000, Belgium
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15
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Chang L, Bi X, Yang W, Wei A, Yang R, Liu J. In situ modification of LiMn3/4Fe1/4PO4/C cathode realized by hierarchical porous α-LiAlO2 as channel for lithium-ion batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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16
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Lin JY, Chen ZJ, Cao Z, Zeng J, Yang XB, Yao Y, Zhao YJ. Multiple Magnetic Topological Phases in the van der Waals Crystal Mn(Bi,Sb) 4Se 7. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3913-3919. [PMID: 37074983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic topological materials have drawn markedly attention recently due to the strong coupling of their novel topological properties and magnetic configurations. In particular, the MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)n family highlights the researches of multiple magnetic topological materials. Via first-principles calculations, we predict that Mn(Bi, Sb)4Se7, the close relatives of MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)n family, are topological nontrivival in both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic configurations. In the antiferromagnetic ground state, Mn(Bi, Sb)4Se7 are simultaneously topological insulators and axion insulators. Massless Dirac surface states emerge on the surfaces parallel to the z axis. In ferromagnetic phases, they are axion insulators. Particularly, when the magnetization direction is along the x axis, they are also topological crystalline insulators. Mirror-symmetry-protected gapless surface states exist on the mirror-invariant surfaces. Hence, the behaviors of surface states are strongly dependent on the magnetization directions and surface orientations. Our work provides more opportunities for the study of magnetic topological physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Lin
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Jia Chen
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Zeng
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bao Yang
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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17
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Mandal S, Mallick D, Bitla Y, Ganesan R, Kumar PSA. Bulk-surface coupling in dual topological insulator Bi 1Te 1and Sb-doped Bi 1Te 1single crystals via electron-phonon interaction. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:285001. [PMID: 36731168 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acb89c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently,Bi1Te1has been proved to be a dual topological insulator (TI), a new subclass of symmetry-protected topological phases, and predicted to be higher order topological insulator (HOTI). Being a dual TI (DTI), Bi1Te1is said to host quasi-1D surface states (SSs) due to weak TI phase and topological crystalline insulating SSs at the same time. On the other hand, HOTI supports topologically protected hinge states. So,Bi1Te1is a unique platform to study the electrical signature of topological SS (TSS) of fundamentally different origins. Though there is a report of magneto-transport measurements on large-scale Bi1Te1thin films, the Bi1Te1single crystal is not studied experimentally to date. Even the doping effect in a DTI Bi1Te1is missing in the literature. In this regard, we performed the perpendicular and parallel field magneto-transport measurement on the exfoliated microflake of Bi1Te1and Sb-doped Bi1Te1single crystals, grown by the modified Bridgmann method. Ourmetallicsample shows the weak anti-localization behavior analyzed by the multi-channel Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka equation. We observed the presence of a pair of decoupled TSS. Further, we extracted the dephasing index (β) from temperature (T)-dependence of phase coherence length (Lϕ), following the power law equation (Lϕ∝T-β). The thickness-dependent value ofβindicates the transition in the dephasing mechanism from electron-electron to electron-phonon interaction with the increase in thickness, indicating the enhancement in the strength of bulk-surface coupling. Sb-doped system shows weakened bulk-surface coupling, hinted by the reduced dephasing indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubhik Mandal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Debarghya Mallick
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
- Present address: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Yugandhar Bitla
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - R Ganesan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - P S Anil Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
- Center for Nanoscience and Engineering (CeNSE), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
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18
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Bake A, Zhang Q, Ho CS, Causer GL, Zhao W, Yue Z, Nguyen A, Akhgar G, Karel J, Mitchell D, Pastuovic Z, Lewis R, Cole JH, Nancarrow M, Valanoor N, Wang X, Cortie D. Top-down patterning of topological surface and edge states using a focused ion beam. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1693. [PMID: 36973266 PMCID: PMC10042877 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe conducting boundary states of topological insulators appear at an interface where the characteristic invariant ℤ2 switches from 1 to 0. These states offer prospects for quantum electronics; however, a method is needed to spatially-control ℤ2 to pattern conducting channels. It is shown that modifying Sb2Te3 single-crystal surfaces with an ion beam switches the topological insulator into an amorphous state exhibiting negligible bulk and surface conductivity. This is attributed to a transition from ℤ2 = 1 → ℤ2 = 0 at a threshold disorder strength. This observation is supported by density functional theory and model Hamiltonian calculations. Here we show that this ion-beam treatment allows for inverse lithography to pattern arrays of topological surfaces, edges and corners which are the building blocks of topological electronics.
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19
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Ma A, Zhang Y, Christensen T, Po HC, Jing L, Fu L, Soljačić M. Topogivity: A Machine-Learned Chemical Rule for Discovering Topological Materials. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:772-778. [PMID: 36662578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Topological materials present unconventional electronic properties that make them attractive for both basic science and next-generation technological applications. The majority of currently known topological materials have been discovered using methods that involve symmetry-based analysis of the quantum wave function. Here we use machine learning to develop a simple-to-use heuristic chemical rule that diagnoses with a high accuracy whether a material is topological using only its chemical formula. This heuristic rule is based on a notion that we term topogivity, a machine-learned numerical value for each element that loosely captures its tendency to form topological materials. We next implement a high-throughput procedure for discovering topological materials based on the heuristic topogivity-rule prediction followed by ab initio validation. This way, we discover new topological materials that are not diagnosable using symmetry indicators, including several that may be promising for experimental observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ma
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thomas Christensen
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hoi Chun Po
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Facebook AI Research, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Marin Soljačić
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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20
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Viennois R, Koza MM, Moll A, Beaudhuin M. Thermoelectric properties and lattice dynamics of tetragonal topological semimetal Ba 3Si 4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:1987-1997. [PMID: 36541664 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04631h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the lattice dynamics and thermoelectric properties of topological semimetal Ba3Si4. The lattice dynamics has been studied by Raman and inelastic neutron scattering experiments. Good agreement has been found with first-principles calculations. The presence of low-energy optical modes at about 7 meV mainly due to the heavy mass of the Ba atoms suggests a propensity to low thermal conductivity, which is favorable for thermoelectric applications. Our density functional theory calculations indicate that the semimetallic nature of Ba3Si4 is the origin for the rather large thermopower. Ba3Si4 shows high potential for a thermoelectric material with a Seebeck coefficient as large as -120 μV K-1 for 0.2 electrons/formula units through the substitution of Ba by appropriate cations, such as Y.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adrien Moll
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France. .,ICMMO, CNRS, UMR 8182, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
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21
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Jeong J, Kim D, Kim Y. Topological phase transitions without symmetry indication in NaZnSb[Formula: see text]Bi[Formula: see text]. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22050. [PMID: 36543842 PMCID: PMC9772356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We study topological phase transitions in tetragonal NaZnSb[Formula: see text]Bi[Formula: see text], driven by the chemical composition x. Notably, we examine mirror Chern numbers that change without symmetry indicators. First-principles calculations are performed to show that NaZnSb[Formula: see text]Bi[Formula: see text] experiences consecutive topological phase transitions, diagnosed by the strong [Formula: see text] topological index [Formula: see text] and two mirror Chern numbers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. As the chemical composition x increases, the topological invariants ([Formula: see text]) change from (000), (020), (220), to (111) at x = 0.15, 0.20, and 0.53, respectively. A simplified low-energy effective model is developed to examine the mirror Chern number changes, highlighting the central role of spectator Dirac fermions in avoiding symmetry indicators. Our findings suggest that NaZnSb[Formula: see text]Bi[Formula: see text] can be an exciting testbed for exploring the interplay between the topology and symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemo Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419 Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Youngkuk Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419 Korea
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22
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Urwyler DM, Lenggenhager PM, Boettcher I, Thomale R, Neupert T, Bzdušek T. Hyperbolic Topological Band Insulators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:246402. [PMID: 36563257 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.246402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, hyperbolic lattices that tile the negatively curved hyperbolic plane emerged as a new paradigm of synthetic matter, and their energy levels were characterized by a band structure in a four- (or higher-) dimensional momentum space. To explore the uncharted topological aspects arising in hyperbolic band theory, we here introduce elementary models of hyperbolic topological band insulators: the hyperbolic Haldane model and the hyperbolic Kane-Mele model; both obtained by replacing the hexagonal cells of their Euclidean counterparts by octagons. Their nontrivial topology is revealed by computing topological invariants in both position and momentum space. The bulk-boundary correspondence is evidenced by comparing bulk and boundary density of states, by modeling propagation of edge excitations, and by their robustness against disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Urwyler
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick M Lenggenhager
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Igor Boettcher
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
- Theoretical Physics Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ronny Thomale
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Titus Neupert
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tomáš Bzdušek
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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23
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Andrejevic N, Andrejevic J, Bernevig BA, Regnault N, Han F, Fabbris G, Nguyen T, Drucker NC, Rycroft CH, Li M. Machine-Learning Spectral Indicators of Topology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204113. [PMID: 36193763 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Topological materials discovery has emerged as an important frontier in condensed matter physics. While theoretical classification frameworks have been used to identify thousands of candidate topological materials, experimental determination of materials' topology often poses significant technical challenges. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a widely used materials characterization technique sensitive to atoms' local symmetry and chemical bonding, which are intimately linked to band topology by the theory of topological quantum chemistry (TQC). Moreover, as a local structural probe, XAS is known to have high quantitative agreement between experiment and calculation, suggesting that insights from computational spectra can effectively inform experiments. In this work, computed X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra of more than 10 000 inorganic materials to train a neural network (NN) classifier that predicts topological class directly from XANES signatures, achieving F1 scores of 89% and 93% for topological and trivial classes, respectively is leveraged. Given the simplicity of the XAS setup and its compatibility with multimodal sample environments, the proposed machine-learning-augmented XAS topological indicator has the potential to discover broader categories of topological materials, such as non-cleavable compounds and amorphous materials, and may further inform field-driven phenomena in situ, such as magnetic field-driven topological phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Andrejevic
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Quantum Measurement Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jovana Andrejevic
- Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - B Andrei Bernevig
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- Donostia International Physics Center, P. Manuel de Lardizabal 4, Donostia-San Sebastian, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Nicolas Regnault
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Fei Han
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Quantum Measurement Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Gilberto Fabbris
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Quantum Measurement Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Nathan C Drucker
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Quantum Measurement Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Chris H Rycroft
- Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Mingda Li
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Quantum Measurement Group, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Zhang L, Yang L, Sun K, Zhu P, Chen K. The Influence of Carbides on Atomic-Scale Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel: A Molecular Dynamics Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4179. [PMID: 36500802 PMCID: PMC9736622 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pearlite is an important structure in carbon steel; however, the influence mechanism of carbides in pearlite on its mechanical properties and microstructure evolution has not yet been fully elucidated. In this work, a ferrite-carbide composite model with various carbide types was constructed to investigate the influence of carbide types via a uniaxial compression deformation using classical molecular dynamics simulations. It was found that the carbide type had little effect on the compressive elastic modulus, but a more obvious effect on the yield strain, yield stress, and flow stress. The maximum compressive elastic modulus was in the Fe2C model, with 300.32 GPa, while the minimum was found in the Fe4C model at 285.16 GPa; the error was 5.32%. There were significant differences in the yield stress, yield strain, and flow stress of the ferrite-carbide model according to the stress-strain curve. Secondly, the type of carbide used affected its elastic constant, especially the bulk modulus and Cauchy pressure. The maximum bulk modulus of the Fe4C model was 199.01 GPa, the minimum value of the Fe3C model was 146.03 GPa, and the difference was 52.98 GPa. The Cauchy pressure calculation results were consistent with the yield strain trend. Additionally, the effective elastic moduli of the composite system were used to verify the accuracy of the calculation results of this work. Thirdly, ferrite-carbide interfaces could act as a resource for dislocation emission. The initial stacking fault forms at ferrite-carbide interfaces and expands into ferrite. The dislocation type and segment in the ferrite-carbide model were significantly different due to the type of carbide used.
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Yue S, Wang L, Wan Y, Li N, Yuan S, Zhang L, Yang M. Deposition mechanism of molecular S8 on the dolomite surface. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Topological zero-dimensional defect and flux states in three-dimensional insulators. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5791. [PMID: 36184669 PMCID: PMC9527258 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In insulating crystals, it was previously shown that defects with two fewer dimensions than the bulk can bind topological electronic states. We here further extend the classification of topological defect states by demonstrating that the corners of crystalline defects with integer Burgers vectors can bind 0D higher-order end (HEND) states with anomalous charge and spin. We demonstrate that HEND states are intrinsic topological consequences of the bulk electronic structure and introduce new bulk topological invariants that are predictive of HEND dislocation states in solid-state materials. We demonstrate the presence of first-order 0D defect states in PbTe monolayers and HEND states in 3D SnTe crystals. We relate our analysis to magnetic flux insertion in insulating crystals. We find that π-flux tubes in inversion- and time-reversal-symmetric (helical) higher-order topological insulators bind Kramers pairs of spin-charge-separated HEND states, which represent observable signatures of anomalous surface half quantum spin Hall states.
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Ogunbunmi MO, Baranets S, Bobev S. Structural Complexity and Tuned Thermoelectric Properties of a Polymorph of the Zintl Phase Ca 2CdSb 2 with a Non-centrosymmetric Monoclinic Structure. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10888-10897. [PMID: 35797442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Zintl phase Ca2CdSb2 was found to be dimorphic. Besides the orthorhombic Ca2CdSb2 (-o), here we report on the synthesis, the structural characterization, and the thermoelectric transport properties of its monoclinic form, Ca2CdSb2 (-m), and its Lu-doped variant Ca2-xLuxCdSb2 (x ≈ 0.02). The monoclinic structure exhibits complex structural characteristics and constitutes a new structure type with the non-centrosymmetric space group Cm (Z = 30). The electrical resistivity ρ(T) measured on single crystals of both phases portrays a transition from a semiconductor to a degenerate p-type semiconductor upon doping with Lu and with an attendant change in the Hall carrier concentration nH from 7.15 × 1018 to 2.30 × 1019 cm-3 at 300 K. The Seebeck coefficient S(T) of both phases are comparable and indicate a hole-dominated carrier transport mechanism with magnitudes of 133 and 116 μV/K at 600 K for Ca2CdSb2 (-m) and Ca2-xLuxCdSb2, respectively. The convoluted atomic bonding with an attendant large unit cell volume of ∼4365 Å3 drives a putative low thermal conductivity in these materials resulting in a power factor PF of 1.63 μW/cm K2 and an estimated thermoelectric figure of merit zT of ∼0.5 for Ca2-xLuxCdSb2 at 600 K. Differential scanning calorimetry results reveal the stability of these phases up to about 960 K, making them candidates for moderate temperature thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Ogunbunmi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Sviatoslav Baranets
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Svilen Bobev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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