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Jovanovic M, Marini JC. Update on the Genetics of Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Calcif Tissue Int 2024:10.1007/s00223-024-01266-5. [PMID: 39127989 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-024-01266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous heritable skeletal dysplasia characterized by bone fragility and deformity, growth deficiency, and other secondary connective tissue defects. OI is now understood as a collagen-related disorder caused by defects of genes whose protein products interact with collagen for folding, post-translational modification, processing and trafficking, affecting bone mineralization and osteoblast differentiation. This review provides the latest updates on genetics of OI, including new developments in both dominant and rare OI forms, as well as the signaling pathways involved in OI pathophysiology. There is a special emphasis on discoveries of recessive mutations in TENT5A, MESD, KDELR2 and CCDC134 whose causality of OI types XIX, XX, XXI and XXI, respectively, is now established and expends the complexity of mechanisms underlying OI to overlap LRP5/6 and MAPK/ERK pathways. We also review in detail new discoveries connecting the known OI types to each other, which may underlie an eventual understanding of a final common pathway in OI cellular and bone biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Jovanovic
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Section on Adolescent Bone and Body Composition, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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2
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Otake S, Saito K, Chiba Y, Yamada A, Fukumoto S. S100a6 knockdown promotes the differentiation of dental epithelial cells toward the epidermal lineage instead of the odontogenic lineage. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23608. [PMID: 38593315 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302412rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Tooth development is a complex process involving various signaling pathways and genes. Recent findings suggest that ion channels and transporters, including the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, may be involved in tooth formation. However, our knowledge in this regard is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the expression of S100 family members and their functions during tooth formation. Tooth germs were extracted from the embryonic and post-natal mice and the expression of S100a6 was examined. Additionally, the effects of S100a6 knockdown and calcium treatment on S100a6 expression and the proliferation of SF2 cells were examined. Microarrays and single-cell RNA-sequencing indicated that S100a6 was highly expressed in ameloblasts. Immunostaining of mouse tooth germs showed that S100a6 was expressed in ameloblasts but not in the undifferentiated dental epithelium. Additionally, S100a6 was localized to the calcification-forming side in enamel-forming ameloblasts. Moreover, siRNA-mediated S100a6 knockdown in ameloblasts reduced intracellular calcium concentration and the expression of ameloblast marker genes, indicating that S100a6 is associated with ameloblast differentiation. Furthermore, S100a6 knockdown inhibited the ERK/PI3K signaling pathway, suppressed ameloblast proliferation, and promoted the differentiation of the dental epithelium toward epidermal lineage. Conclusively, S100a6 knockdown in the dental epithelium suppresses cell proliferation via calcium and intracellular signaling and promotes differentiation of the dental epithelium toward the epidermal lineage.
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Grants
- 23H03109 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 21J21873 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 22H03296 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 22H00488 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 20K20612 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Otake
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Community Social Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kan Saito
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Community Social Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuta Chiba
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Community Social Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Aya Yamada
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Community Social Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukumoto
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Community Social Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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3
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Kang H, Lee CJ. Transmembrane proteins with unknown function (TMEMs) as ion channels: electrophysiological properties, structure, and pathophysiological roles. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:850-860. [PMID: 38556553 PMCID: PMC11059273 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A transmembrane (TMEM) protein with an unknown function is a type of membrane-spanning protein expressed in the plasma membrane or the membranes of intracellular organelles. Recently, several TMEM proteins have been identified as functional ion channels. The structures and functions of these proteins have been extensively studied over the last two decades, starting with TMEM16A (ANO1). In this review, we provide a summary of the electrophysiological properties of known TMEM proteins that function as ion channels, such as TMEM175 (KEL), TMEM206 (PAC), TMEM38 (TRIC), TMEM87A (GolpHCat), TMEM120A (TACAN), TMEM63 (OSCA), TMEM150C (Tentonin3), and TMEM43 (Gapjinc). Additionally, we examine the unique structural features of these channels compared to those of other well-known ion channels. Furthermore, we discuss the diverse physiological roles of these proteins in lysosomal/endosomal/Golgi pH regulation, intracellular Ca2+ regulation, spatial memory, cell migration, adipocyte differentiation, and mechanical pain, as well as their pathophysiological roles in Parkinson's disease, cancer, osteogenesis imperfecta, infantile hypomyelination, cardiomyopathy, and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. This review highlights the potential for the discovery of novel ion channels within the TMEM protein family and the development of new therapeutic targets for related channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Kang
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Life Science Cluster, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 55 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Life Science Cluster, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 55 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Xiong FR, Lu J, Zhu JJ, Zhao RX, Zhang YC, Yang JK. KCNH6 is essential for insulin secretion by regulating intracellular ER Ca 2+ store. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23490. [PMID: 38363581 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302194rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Appropriate Ca2+ concentration in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), modulating cytosolic Ca2+ signal, serves significant roles in physiological function of pancreatic β cells. To maintaining ER homeostasis, Ca2+ movement across the ER membrane is always accompanied by a simultaneous K+ flux in the opposite direction. KCNH6 was proven to modulate insulin secretion by controlling plasma membrane action potential duration and intracellular Ca2+ influx. Meanwhile, the specific function of KCNH6 in pancreatic β-cells remains unclear. In this study, we found that KCNH6 exhibited mainly ER localization and Kcnh6 β-cell-specific knockout (βKO) mice suffered from abnormal glucose tolerance and impaired insulin secretion in adulthood. ER Ca2+ store was overloaded in islets of βKO mice, which contributed to ER stress and ER stress-induced apoptosis in β cells. Next, we verified that ethanol treatment induced increases in ER Ca2+ store and apoptosis in pancreatic β cells, whereas adenovirus-mediated KCNH6 overexpression in islets attenuated ethanol-induced ER stress and apoptosis. In addition, tail-vein injections of KCNH6 lentivirus rescued KCNH6 expression in βKO mice, restored ER Ca2+ overload and attenuated ER stress in β cells, which further confirms that KCNH6 protects islets from ER stress and apoptosis. These data suggest that KCNH6 on the ER membrane may help to stabilize intracellular ER Ca2+ stores and protect β cells from ER stress and apoptosis. In conclusion, our study reveals the protective potential of KCNH6-targeting drugs in ER stress-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ran Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan-Juan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Xuan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Chao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Kui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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5
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Sun Y, Li L, Wang J, Liu H, Wang H. Emerging Landscape of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:72-96. [PMID: 38230285 PMCID: PMC10789133 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an uncommon genetic disorder characterized by shortness of stature, hearing loss, poor bone mass, recurrent fractures, and skeletal abnormalities. Pathogenic variations have been found in over 20 distinct genes that are involved in the pathophysiology of OI, contributing to the disorder's clinical and genetic variability. Although medications, surgical procedures, and other interventions can partially alleviate certain symptoms, there is still no known cure for OI. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of genetic pathogenesis, existing treatment modalities, and new developments in biotechnologies such as gene editing, stem cell reprogramming, functional differentiation, and transplantation for potential future OI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Lin Li
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Medical
School of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Huiting Liu
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department
of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Ichimura A, Miyazaki Y, Nagatomo H, Kawabe T, Nakajima N, Kim GE, Tomizawa M, Okamoto N, Komazaki S, Kakizawa S, Nishi M, Takeshima H. Atypical cell death and insufficient matrix organization in long-bone growth plates from Tric-b-knockout mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:848. [PMID: 38123563 PMCID: PMC10733378 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
TRIC-A and TRIC-B proteins form homotrimeric cation-permeable channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear membranes and are thought to contribute to counterionic flux coupled with store Ca2+ release in various cell types. Serious mutations in the TRIC-B (also referred to as TMEM38B) locus cause autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), which is characterized by insufficient bone mineralization. We have reported that Tric-b-knockout mice can be used as an OI model; Tric-b deficiency deranges ER Ca2+ handling and thus reduces extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in osteoblasts, leading to poor mineralization. Here we report irregular cell death and insufficient ECM in long-bone growth plates from Tric-b-knockout embryos. In the knockout growth plate chondrocytes, excess pro-collagen fibers were occasionally accumulated in severely dilated ER elements. Of the major ER stress pathways, activated PERK/eIF2α (PKR-like ER kinase/ eukaryotic initiation factor 2α) signaling seemed to inordinately alter gene expression to induce apoptosis-related proteins including CHOP (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein) and caspase 12 in the knockout chondrocytes. Ca2+ imaging detected aberrant Ca2+ handling in the knockout chondrocytes; ER Ca2+ release was impaired, while cytoplasmic Ca2+ level was elevated. Our observations suggest that Tric-b deficiency directs growth plate chondrocytes to pro-apoptotic states by compromising cellular Ca2+-handling and exacerbating ER stress response, leading to impaired ECM synthesis and accidental cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuu Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagatomo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kawabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ga Eun Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Tomizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Okamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | | | - Sho Kakizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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7
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Besio R, Contento BM, Garibaldi N, Filibian M, Sonntag S, Shmerling D, Tonelli F, Biggiogera M, Brini M, Salmaso A, Jovanovic M, Marini JC, Rossi A, Forlino A. CaMKII inhibition due to TRIC-B loss-of-function dysregulates SMAD signaling in osteogenesis imperfecta. Matrix Biol 2023; 120:43-59. [PMID: 37178987 PMCID: PMC11123566 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a second messenger that regulates a variety of cellular responses in bone, including osteoblast differentiation. Mutations in trimeric intracellular cation channel B (TRIC-B), an endoplasmic reticulum channel specific for K+, a counter ion for Ca2+flux, affect bone and cause a recessive form of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) with a still puzzling mechanism. Using a conditional Tmem38b knock out mouse, we demonstrated that lack of TRIC-B in osteoblasts strongly impairs skeleton growth and structure, leading to bone fractures. At the cellular level, delayed osteoblast differentiation and decreased collagen synthesis were found consequent to the Ca2+ imbalance and associated with reduced collagen incorporation in the extracellular matrix and poor mineralization. The impaired SMAD signaling detected in mutant mice, and validated in OI patient osteoblasts, explained the osteoblast malfunction. The reduced SMAD phosphorylation and nuclear translocation were mainly caused by alteration in Ca2+ calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII)-mediated signaling and to a less extend by a lower TGF-β reservoir. SMAD signaling, osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization were only partially rescued by TGF-β treatment, strengthening the impact of CaMKII-SMAD axes on osteoblast function. Our data established the TRIC-B role in osteoblasts and deepened the contribution of the CaMKII-SMAD signaling in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Besio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara M Contento
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nadia Garibaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Filibian
- Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; INFN, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Pavia Unit, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stephan Sonntag
- PolyGene AG, Rümlang, Switzerland; LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn , Germany
| | | | - Francesca Tonelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Biggiogera
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marisa Brini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Centro Studi per la Neurodegenerazione (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaso
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Milena Jovanovic
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shiver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shiver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Takács R, Kovács P, Ebeid RA, Almássy J, Fodor J, Ducza L, Barrett-Jolley R, Lewis R, Matta C. Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels in Progenitor Cells of Musculoskeletal Tissues: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076796. [PMID: 37047767 PMCID: PMC10095002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders represent one of the main causes of disability worldwide, and their prevalence is predicted to increase in the coming decades. Stem cell therapy may be a promising option for the treatment of some of the musculoskeletal diseases. Although significant progress has been made in musculoskeletal stem cell research, osteoarthritis, the most-common musculoskeletal disorder, still lacks curative treatment. To fine-tune stem-cell-based therapy, it is necessary to focus on the underlying biological mechanisms. Ion channels and the bioelectric signals they generate control the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of musculoskeletal progenitor cells. Calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (KCa) channels are key players in cell physiology in cells of the musculoskeletal system. This review article focused on the big conductance (BK) KCa channels. The regulatory function of BK channels requires interactions with diverse sets of proteins that have different functions in tissue-resident stem cells. In this narrative review article, we discuss the main ion channels of musculoskeletal stem cells, with a focus on calcium-dependent potassium channels, especially on the large conductance BK channel. We review their expression and function in progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration and highlight gaps in current knowledge on their involvement in musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Takács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Patrik Kovács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rana Abdelsattar Ebeid
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Almássy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Fodor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Ducza
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Richard Barrett-Jolley
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Rebecca Lewis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Csaba Matta
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Tonelli F, Leoni L, Daponte V, Gioia R, Cotti S, Fiedler IAK, Larianova D, Willaert A, Coucke PJ, Villani S, Busse B, Besio R, Rossi A, Witten PE, Forlino A. Zebrafish Tric-b is required for skeletal development and bone cells differentiation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1002914. [PMID: 36755921 PMCID: PMC9899828 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1002914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trimeric intracellular potassium channels TRIC-A and -B are endoplasmic reticulum (ER) integral membrane proteins, involved in the regulation of calcium release mediated by ryanodine (RyRs) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3Rs) receptors, respectively. While TRIC-A is mainly expressed in excitable cells, TRIC-B is ubiquitously distributed at moderate level. TRIC-B deficiency causes a dysregulation of calcium flux from the ER, which impacts on multiple collagen specific chaperones and modifying enzymatic activity, leading to a rare form of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI Type XIV). The relevance of TRIC-B on cell homeostasis and the molecular mechanism behind the disease are still unknown. RESULTS In this study, we exploited zebrafish to elucidate the role of TRIC-B in skeletal tissue. We demonstrated, for the first time, that tmem38a and tmem38b genes encoding Tric-a and -b, respectively are expressed at early developmental stages in zebrafish, but only the latter has a maternal expression. Two zebrafish mutants for tmem38b were generated by CRISPR/Cas9, one carrying an out of frame mutation introducing a premature stop codon (tmem38b-/- ) and one with an in frame deletion that removes the highly conserved KEV domain (tmem38bΔ120-7/Δ120-7 ). In both models collagen type I is under-modified and partially intracellularly retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, as described in individuals affected by OI type XIV. Tmem38b-/- showed a mild skeletal phenotype at the late larval and juvenile stages of development whereas tmem38bΔ120-7/Δ120-7 bone outcome was limited to a reduced vertebral length at 21 dpf. A caudal fin regeneration study pointed towards impaired activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts associated with mineralization impairment. DISCUSSION Our data support the requirement of Tric-b during early development and for bone cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tonelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Leoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Daponte
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Gioia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Cotti
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Imke A. K. Fiedler
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Andy Willaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center of Medical Genetics, Ghent University-University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul J. Coucke
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center of Medical Genetics, Ghent University-University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simona Villani
- Department of Public Health and Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roberta Besio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Antonella Forlino,
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Lv F, Cai X, Ji L. An Update on Animal Models of Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:345-366. [PMID: 35767009 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by bone fragility, multiple fractures, bone deformity, and short stature. In recent years, the application of next generation sequencing has triggered the discovery of many new genetic causes for OI. Until now, more than 25 genetic causes of OI and closely related disorders have been identified. However, the mechanisms of many genes on skeletal fragility in OI are not entirely clear. Animal models of OI could help to understand the cellular, signaling, and metabolic mechanisms contributing to the disease, and how targeting these pathways can provide therapeutic targets. To date, a lot of animal models, mainly mice and zebrafish, have been described with defects in 19 OI-associated genes. In this review, we summarize the known genetic causes and animal models that recapitulate OI with a main focus on engineered mouse and zebrafish models. Additionally, we briefly discuss domestic animals with naturally occurring OI phenotypes. Knowledge of the specific molecular basis of OI will advance clinical diagnosis and potentially stimulate targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No.11, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaoling Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No.11, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No.11, Beijing, 100044, China.
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11
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Padhy B, Xie J, Wang R, Lin F, Huang CL. Channel Function of Polycystin-2 in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Protects against Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:1501-1516. [PMID: 35835458 PMCID: PMC9342640 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations of PKD2, which encodes polycystin-2, cause autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The prevailing view is that defects in polycystin-2-mediated calcium ion influx in the primary cilia play a central role in the pathogenesis of cyst growth. However, polycystin-2 is predominantly expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and more permeable to potassium ions than to calcium ions. METHODS The trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channel TRIC-B is an ER-resident potassium channel that mediates potassium-calcium counterion exchange for inositol trisphosphate-mediated calcium ion release. Using TRIC-B as a tool, we examined the function of ER-localized polycystin-2 and its role in ADPKD pathogenesis in cultured cells, zebrafish, and mouse models. RESULTS Agonist-induced ER calcium ion release was defective in cells lacking polycystin-2 and reversed by exogenous expression of TRIC-B. Vice versa, exogenous polycystin-2 reversed an ER calcium-release defect in cells lacking TRIC-B. In a zebrafish model, expression of wild-type but not nonfunctional TRIC-B suppressed polycystin-2-deficient phenotypes. Similarly, these phenotypes were suppressed by targeting the ROMK potassium channel (normally expressed on the cell surface) to the ER. In cultured cells and polycystin-2-deficient zebrafish phenotypes, polycystin-2 remained capable of reversing the ER calcium release defect even when it was not present in the cilia. Transgenic expression of Tric-b ameliorated cystogenesis in the kidneys of conditional Pkd2-inactivated mice, whereas Tric-b deletion enhanced cystogenesis in Pkd2-heterozygous kidneys. CONCLUSIONS Polycystin-2 in the ER appears to be critical for anticystogenesis and likely functions as a potassium ion channel to facilitate potassium-calcium counterion exchange for inositol trisphosphate-mediated calcium release. The results advance the understanding of ADPKD pathogenesis and provides proof of principle for pharmacotherapy by TRIC-B activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Padhy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jian Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Runping Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Fang Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Chou-Long Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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12
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Schindeler A, Lee LR, O'Donohue AK, Ginn SL, Munns CF. Curative Cell and Gene Therapy for Osteogenesis Imperfecta. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:826-836. [PMID: 35306687 PMCID: PMC9324990 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) describes a series of genetic bone fragility disorders that can have a substantive impact on patient quality of life. The multidisciplinary approach to management of children and adults with OI primarily involves the administration of antiresorptive medication, allied health (physiotherapy and occupational therapy), and orthopedic surgery. However, advances in gene editing technology and gene therapy vectors bring with them the promise of gene-targeted interventions to provide an enduring or perhaps permanent cure for OI. This review describes emergent technologies for cell- and gene-targeted therapies, major hurdles to their implementation, and the prospects of their future success with a focus on bone disorders. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Schindeler
- Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratorythe Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmeadAustralia
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
| | - Lucinda R Lee
- Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratorythe Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmeadAustralia
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
| | - Alexandra K O'Donohue
- Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratorythe Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmeadAustralia
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolUniversity of SydneyCamperdownAustralia
| | - Samantha L Ginn
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadAustralia
| | - Craig F Munns
- Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesQueensland Children's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Child Health Research Centre and Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
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13
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Miyazaki Y, Ichimura A, Kitayama R, Okamoto N, Yasue T, Liu F, Kawabe T, Nagatomo H, Ueda Y, Yamauchi I, Hakata T, Nakao K, Kakizawa S, Nishi M, Mori Y, Akiyama H, Nakao K, Takeshima H. C-type natriuretic peptide facilitates autonomic Ca 2+ entry in growth plate chondrocytes for stimulating bone growth. eLife 2022; 11:71931. [PMID: 35287796 PMCID: PMC8923661 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth plates are cartilage tissues found at both ends of developing bones, and vital proliferation and differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes are primarily responsible for bone growth. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) stimulates bone growth by activating natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) which is equipped with guanylate cyclase on the cytoplasmic side, but its signaling pathway is unclear in growth plate chondrocytes. We previously reported that transient receptor potential melastatin-like 7 (TRPM7) channels mediate intermissive Ca2+ influx in growth plate chondrocytes, leading to activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) for promoting bone growth. In this report, we provide evidence from experiments using mutant mice, indicating a functional link between CNP and TRPM7 channels. Our pharmacological data suggest that CNP-evoked NPR2 activation elevates cellular cGMP content and stimulates big-conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ (BK) channels as a substrate for cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). BK channel-induced hyperpolarization likely enhances the driving force of TRPM7-mediated Ca2+ entry and seems to accordingly activate CaMKII. Indeed, ex vivo organ culture analysis indicates that CNP-facilitated bone growth is abolished by chondrocyte-specific Trpm7 gene ablation. The defined CNP signaling pathway, the NPR2-PKG-BK channel–TRPM7 channel–CaMKII axis, likely pinpoints promising target proteins for developing new therapeutic treatments for divergent growth disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuu Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Kitayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Okamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yasue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Feng Liu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kawabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagatomo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takuro Hakata
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Nakao
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sho Kakizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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Zhang N, Pan H, Liang X, Xie J, Han W. The roles of transmembrane family proteins in the regulation of store-operated Ca 2+ entry. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:118. [PMID: 35119538 PMCID: PMC11071953 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a major pathway for calcium signaling, which regulates almost every biological process, involving cell proliferation, differentiation, movement and death. Stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator (ORAI) are the two major proteins involved in SOCE. With the deepening of studies, more and more proteins are found to be able to regulate SOCE, among which the transmembrane (TMEM) family proteins are worth paying more attention. In addition, the ORAI proteins belong to the TMEM family themselves. As the name suggests, TMEM family is a type of proteins that spans biological membranes including plasma membrane and membrane of organelles. TMEM proteins are in a large family with more than 300 proteins that have been already identified, while the functional knowledge about the proteins is preliminary. In this review, we mainly summarized the TMEM proteins that are involved in SOCE, to better describe a picture of the interaction between STIM and ORAI proteins during SOCE and its downstream signaling pathways, as well as to provide an idea for the study of the TMEM family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxia Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Jovanovic M, Guterman-Ram G, Marini JC. Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways Connecting Classical and Rare OI Types. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:61-90. [PMID: 34007986 PMCID: PMC8755987 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous skeletal dysplasia characterized by bone fragility, growth deficiency, and skeletal deformity. Previously known to be caused by defects in type I collagen, the major protein of extracellular matrix, it is now also understood to be a collagen-related disorder caused by defects in collagen folding, posttranslational modification and processing, bone mineralization, and osteoblast differentiation, with inheritance of OI types spanning autosomal dominant and recessive as well as X-linked recessive. This review provides the latest updates on OI, encompassing both classical OI and rare forms, their mechanism, and the signaling pathways involved in their pathophysiology. There is a special emphasis on mutations in type I procollagen C-propeptide structure and processing, the later causing OI with strikingly high bone mass. Types V and VI OI, while notably different, are shown to be interrelated by the interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5 p.S40L mutation that reveals the connection between the bone-restricted interferon-induced transmembrane protein-like protein and pigment epithelium-derived factor pathways. The function of regulated intramembrane proteolysis has been extended beyond cholesterol metabolism to bone formation by defects in regulated membrane proteolysis components site-2 protease and old astrocyte specifically induced-substance. Several recently proposed candidate genes for new types of OI are also presented. Discoveries of new OI genes add complexity to already-challenging OI management; current and potential approaches are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Jovanovic
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gali Guterman-Ram
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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16
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Knocking out TMEM38B in human foetal osteoblasts hFOB 1.19 by CRISPR/Cas9: A model for recessive OI type XIV. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257254. [PMID: 34582479 PMCID: PMC8478202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type XIV is a rare recessive bone disorder characterized by variable degree of severity associated to osteopenia. It is caused by mutations in TMEM38B encoding for the trimeric intracellular cation channel TRIC-B, specific for potassium and ubiquitously present in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. OI type XIV molecular basis is largely unknown and, due to the rarity of the disease, the availability of patients’ osteoblasts is challenging. Thus, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to knock out (KO) TMEM38B in the human Foetal Osteoblast hFOB 1.19 to obtain an OI type XIV model. CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful technology to generate in vitro and in vivo models for heritable disorders. Its limited cost and ease of use make this technique widely applicable in most laboratories. Nevertheless, to fully take advantage of this approach, it is important to be aware of its strengths and limitations. Three gRNAs were used and several KO clones lacking the expression of TRIC-B were obtained. Few clones were validated as good models for the disease since they reproduce the altered ER calcium flux, collagen I structure and impaired secretion and osteoblastic markers expression detected in patients’ cells. Impaired proliferation and mineralization in KO clones unveiled the relevance of TRIC-B in osteoblasts functionality.
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17
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Ichimura A. Elucidation of the Physiological Functions of Membrane Proteins as Novel Drug Target Candidate Molecules. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1167-1173. [PMID: 34471043 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For pharmaceutical research focused on identifying novel drug target candidate molecules, it is essential to explore unknown biological phenomena, elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms and regulate biological processes based on these findings. Proteins expressed on the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane play important roles in linking extracellular environmental information to intracellular processes. Stimulating membranous proteins induces various kinds of changes in cells, such as alterations in gene expression levels and enzymatic activities. However, the physiological functions and endogenous ligands of many G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have not been determined, although GPCRs already constitute a large class of drug-target membrane proteins. Furthermore, the precise physiological roles played by many ER membrane proteins have not been elucidated to date. In this review article, I summarize the results of our recent studies, including the observations that the lipid sensor FFAR4/GPR120 controlled systemic energy homeostasis and that the ER membrane monovalent cation channel trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC)-B and the plasma membrane divalent cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) regulated bone formation. I further describe the therapeutic significance of these membranous protein-related biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
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18
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Zhang J, Ji Y, Jiang S, Shi M, Cai W, Miron RJ, Zhang Y. Calcium-Collagen Coupling is Vital for Biomineralization Schedule. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100363. [PMID: 34047068 PMCID: PMC8336496 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is a chemical reaction that occurs in organisms in which collagen initiates and guides the growth and crystallization of matched apatite minerals. However, there is little known about the demand pattern for calcium salts and collagen needed by biomineralization. In this study, natural bone biomineralization is analyzed, and a novel interplay between calcium concentration and collagen production is observed. Any quantitative change in one of the entities causes a corresponding change in the other. Translocation-associated membrane protein 2 (TRAM2) is identified as an intermediate factor whose silencing disrupts this relationship and causes poor mineralization. TRAM2 directly interacts with the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2b (SERCA2b) and modulates SERCA2b activity to couple calcium enrichment with collagen biosynthesis. Collectively, these findings indicate that osteoblasts can independently and directly regulate the process of biomineralization via this coupling. This knowledge has significant implications for the developmentally inspired design of biomaterials for bone regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Shuting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Miusi Shi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Wenjin Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Richard J. Miron
- Centre for Collaborative ResearchNova Southeastern UniversityCell Therapy InstituteFort LauderdaleFL33314‐7796USA
- Department of PeriodontologyCollege of Dental MedicineNova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleFL33314‐7796USA
- Department of Periodontics and Oral SurgeryUniversity of Ann ArborAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
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19
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Zhou X, Li A, Lin PH, Zhou J, Ma J. TRIC-A regulates intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:547-556. [PMID: 33474637 PMCID: PMC7940156 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channels have been identified as monovalent cation channels that are located in the ER/SR membrane. Two isoforms discovered in mammals are TRIC-A (TMEM38a) and TRIC-B (TMEM38b). TRIC-B ubiquitously expresses in all tissues, and TRIC-B-/- mice is lethal at the neonatal stage. TRIC-A mainly expresses in excitable cells. TRIC-A-/- mice survive normally but show abnormal SR Ca2+ handling in both skeletal and cardiac muscle cells. Importantly, TRIC-A mutations have been identified in human patients with stress-induced arrhythmia. In the past decade, important discoveries have been made to understand the structure and function of TRIC channels, especially its role in regulating intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. In this review article, we focus on the potential roles of TRIC-A in regulating cardiac function, particularly its effects on intracellular Ca2+ signaling of cardiomyocytes and discuss the current knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, 76019, USA
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, 76019, USA
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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20
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Liu F, Xu L, Nishi M, Ichimura A, Takeshima H. Enhanced Ca 2+ handling in thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages. Cell Calcium 2021; 96:102381. [PMID: 33647639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In macrophage biology, resident peritoneal macrophages (RPMs) and thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages (TGPMs) have been traditionally utilized as primary cultured models. RPMs and TGPMs exhibit distinct morphological, functional and metabolic characteristics, although it remains unclear how cellular Ca2+ handling differs between them. In our Fura-2 Ca2+ imaging, TGPMs displayed elevated resting Ca2+ levels, increased store Ca2+ contents and facilitated store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) compared with RPMs. The intensified intracellular Ca2+ stores were enriched with major luminal Ca2+-binding proteins inducibly expressed in TGPMs. The elevated resting Ca2+ level was predominantly maintained by constitutive Ca2+ influx, probably through the transient receptor potential (TRP) family members TRPP2, TRPM7 and TRPA1. These TRP family channels seemed to be largely activated in a manner dependent on phospholipase C activity, and together with Orai channels, contributed to SOCE. Moreover, Ca2+-dependent K+ channels efficiently facilitated SOCE by enhancing the Ca2+ driving force in TGPMs. The consolidated cellular Ca2+ handling described may underlie the specialized cell-physiological features of TGPMs, such as vital proliferation, active migration and avid phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Luxin Xu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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21
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He F, Yu J, Yang J, Wang S, Zhuang A, Shi H, Gu X, Xu X, Chai P, Jia R. m 6A RNA hypermethylation-induced BACE2 boosts intracellular calcium release and accelerates tumorigenesis of ocular melanoma. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2121-2133. [PMID: 33601055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular melanoma, including uveal melanoma (UM) and conjunctival melanoma (CM), is the most common and deadly eye cancer in adults. Both UM and CM originate from melanocytes and exhibit an aggressive growth pattern with high rates of metastasis and mortality. The integral membrane glycoprotein beta-secretase 2 (BACE2), an enzyme that cleaves amyloid precursor protein into amyloid beta peptide, has been reported to play a vital role in vertebrate pigmentation and metastatic melanoma. However, the role of BACE2 in ocular melanoma remains unclear. In this study, we showed that BACE2 was significantly upregulated in ocular melanoma, and inhibition of BACE2 significantly impaired tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, we identified that transmembrane protein 38B (TMEM38B), whose expression was highly dependent on BACE2, modulated calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inhibition of the BACE2/TMEM38B axis could trigger exhaustion of intracellular calcium release and inhibit tumor progression. We further demonstrated that BACE2 presented an increased level of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation, which led to the upregulation of BACE2 mRNA. To our knowledge, this study provides a novel pattern of BACE2-mediated intracellular calcium release in ocular melanoma progression, and our findings suggest that m6A/BACE2/TMEM38b could be a potential therapeutic axis for ocular melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ai Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hanhan Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiaofang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Peiwei Chai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200001, China.
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22
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Darbà J, Marsà A. Hospital incidence, management and direct cost of osteogenesis imperfecta in Spain: a retrospective database analysis. J Med Econ 2020; 23:1435-1440. [PMID: 33030390 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2020.1834402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyse hospital incidence of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) in Spanish hospitals and the associated medical costs from a healthcare system perspective. METHODS To this aim, a retrospective multicentre study was designed analysing admission records from patients admitted with OI in specialized care settings in Spain between 2000 and 2017. Direct medical costs were calculated based on the diagnosis-related group-based hospital payment systems, determined by the Spanish Ministry of Health. RESULTS Overall, 3,747 admissions were reviewed, corresponding to 998 patients, 48.20% of which were males and 51.80% females. Hospital incidence was 5.64 per 100,000 patients (95% CI, 4.80-6.60) over the study period, whereas incidence at birth was 10.14 per 100,000 (95% CI, 8.16-12.05). In-hospital mortality appeared primarily associated to neonatal conditions and acute respiratory failure. Mean length of hospital stay was 2.83 days, decreasing significantly during the study period (p < 0.0001). Readmission rate was significantly higher in younger patients (p = 0.0110). In most hospital admissions other disorders of bone and cartilage (osteoporosis and pathologic fractures) were registered, together with delayed growth and hypocalcaemia. The mean annual direct medical cost per hospital admission was €2,571, increasing significantly over the study period (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study provides data that should be taken into account for the development of improved and more efficient treatment protocols, and in reducing the burden of OI at the healthcare system level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Darbà
- Department of Economics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Marsà
- Department of Health Economics, BCN Health Economics & Outcomes Research S.L., Barcelona, Spain
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Yang Y, Wang M, Yang S, Lin Y, Zhou Q, Li H, Tang T. Bioprinting of an osteocyte network for biomimetic mineralization. Biofabrication 2020; 12:045013. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aba1d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Wang K, Gu Y, Liao Y, Bang S, Donnelly CR, Chen O, Tao X, Mirando AJ, Hilton MJ, Ji RR. PD-1 blockade inhibits osteoclast formation and murine bone cancer pain. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:3603-3620. [PMID: 32484460 PMCID: PMC7324182 DOI: 10.1172/jci133334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging immune therapy, such as with the anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibody nivolumab, has shown efficacy in tumor suppression. Patients with terminal cancer suffer from cancer pain as a result of bone metastasis and bone destruction, but how PD-1 blockade affects bone cancer pain remains unknown. Here, we report that mice lacking Pdcd1 (Pd1-/-) demonstrated remarkable protection against bone destruction induced by femoral inoculation of Lewis lung cancer cells. Compared with WT mice, Pd1-/- mice exhibited increased baseline pain sensitivity, but the development of bone cancer pain was compromised in Pd1-/- mice. Consistently, these beneficial effects in Pd1-/- mice were recapitulated by repeated i.v. applications of nivolumab in WT mice, even though nivolumab initially increased mechanical and thermal pain. Notably, PD-1 deficiency or nivolumab treatment inhibited osteoclastogenesis without altering tumor burden. PD-L1 and CCL2 are upregulated within the local tumor microenvironment, and PD-L1 promoted RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through JNK activation and CCL2 secretion. Bone cancer upregulated CCR2 in primary sensory neurons, and CCR2 antagonism effectively reduced bone cancer pain. Our findings suggest that, despite a transient increase in pain sensitivity following each treatment, anti-PD-1 immunotherapy could produce long-term benefits in preventing bone destruction and alleviating bone cancer pain by suppressing osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Wang
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Yun Gu
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Yihan Liao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
| | - Sangsu Bang
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | | | - Ouyang Chen
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Xueshu Tao
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
| | | | | | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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25
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Zhang X, Hirschfeld M, Beck J, Kupke A, Köhler K, Schütz E, Brenig B. Osteogenesis imperfecta in a male holstein calf associated with a possible oligogenic origin. Vet Q 2020; 40:58-67. [PMID: 31980012 PMCID: PMC7034473 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2020.1721611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuromusculoskeletal anomalies generally in combination with severe clinical symptoms, comprise a heterogeneous group of fairly common and mostly fatal disorders in man and animals. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease, causes bone fragility and deformity. Prominent extra-skeletal accessory manifestations of OI comprise blue/gray sclerae, hearing impairment, lung abnormalities and hypercalciuria. Cases of OI in cattle have been reported. However, no causative mutations have been identified in cattle so far.Aim: To report a possible oligogenic origin identified in a calf from clinically healthy parents suffering from OI.Materials and Methods: A neonatal embryo transfer male Holstein calf developing multiple fractures with bone tissue showing marked osteopenia was used for whole genome re-sequencing as well as its parents. In addition, 2,612 randomly chosen healthy Holstein cattle were genotyped as well as controls.Results: Sixteen candidate genes with potential protein-altering variants were selected revealing non-synonymous variants only within IFITM5 and CRTAP genes. However, in-depth gene analysis did not result in the identification of a single causative mutation in the OI calf.Conclusion: The analysis of the OI case revealed a possible oligogenic origin of the disease attributable to additive effects of three candidate genes, i.e., ABCA13, QRFPR, and IFTIM5.Clinical relevance: Most OI cases in humans and domestic animals reported so far are caused by distinct dominant or recessive monogenic mutations, therefore a potential oligogenic additive genetic effect is a novel finding. Furthermore, the case presented here demonstrates that cross-species genetic analyses might not always be straightforward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marc Hirschfeld
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Beck
- Chronix Biomedical, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kupke
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kernt Köhler
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Schütz
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Zhou X, Park KH, Yamazaki D, Lin PH, Nishi M, Ma Z, Qiu L, Murayama T, Zou X, Takeshima H, Zhou J, Ma J. TRIC-A Channel Maintains Store Calcium Handling by Interacting With Type 2 Ryanodine Receptor in Cardiac Muscle. Circ Res 2019; 126:417-435. [PMID: 31805819 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC)-A and B are distributed to endoplasmic reticulum/sarcoplasmic reticulum intracellular Ca2+ stores. The crystal structure of TRIC has been determined, confirming the homotrimeric structure of a potassium channel. While the pore architectures of TRIC-A and TRIC-B are conserved, the carboxyl-terminal tail (CTT) domains of TRIC-A and TRIC-B are different from each other. Aside from its recognized role as a counterion channel that participates in excitation-contraction coupling of striated muscles, the physiological function of TRIC-A in heart physiology and disease has remained largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE In cardiomyocytes, spontaneous Ca2+ waves, triggered by store overload-induced Ca2+ release mediated by the RyR2 (type 2 ryanodine receptor), develop extrasystolic contractions often associated with arrhythmic events. Here, we test the hypothesis that TRIC-A is a physiological component of RyR2-mediated Ca2+ release machinery that directly modulates store overload-induced Ca2+ release activity via CTT. METHODS AND RESULTS We show that cardiomyocytes derived from the TRIC-A-/- (TRIC-A knockout) mice display dysregulated Ca2+ movement across sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochemical studies demonstrate a direct interaction between CTT-A and RyR2. Modeling and docking studies reveal potential sites on RyR2 that show differential interactions with CTT-A and CTT-B. In HEK293 (human embryonic kidney) cells with stable expression of RyR2, transient expression of TRIC-A, but not TRIC-B, leads to apparent suppression of spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations. Ca2+ measurements using the cytosolic indicator Fura-2 and the endoplasmic reticulum luminal store indicator D1ER suggest that TRIC-A enhances Ca2+ leak across the endoplasmic reticulum by directly targeting RyR2 to modulate store overload-induced Ca2+ release. Moreover, synthetic CTT-A peptide facilitates RyR2 activity in lipid bilayer reconstitution system, enhances Ca2+ sparks in permeabilized TRIC-A-/- cardiomyocytes, and induces intracellular Ca2+ release after microinjection into isolated cardiomyocytes, whereas such effects were not observed with the CTT-B peptide. In response to isoproterenol stimulation, the TRIC-A-/- mice display irregular ECG and develop more fibrosis than the WT (wild type) littermates. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the ion-conducting function, TRIC-A functions as an accessory protein of RyR2 to modulate sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ handling in cardiac muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhou
- From the Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus (X. Zhou, K.H.P., P.-h.L., J.M.)
| | - Ki Ho Park
- From the Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus (X. Zhou, K.H.P., P.-h.L., J.M.)
| | - Daiju Yamazaki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan (D.Y., M.N., H.T.)
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- From the Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus (X. Zhou, K.H.P., P.-h.L., J.M.)
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan (D.Y., M.N., H.T.)
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.M., L.Q., X. Zou), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Biochemistry (Z.M., L.Q., X. Zou), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Liming Qiu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.M., L.Q., X. Zou), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Biochemistry (Z.M., L.Q., X. Zou), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Takashi Murayama
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (T.M.)
| | - Xiaoqin Zou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center (Z.M., L.Q., X. Zou), University of Missouri, Columbia.,Department of Biochemistry (Z.M., L.Q., X. Zou), University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan (D.Y., M.N., H.T.)
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington (J.Z.)
| | - Jianjie Ma
- From the Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus (X. Zhou, K.H.P., P.-h.L., J.M.)
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27
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Li R, Lin S, Zhu M, Deng Y, Chen X, Wei K, Xu J, Li G, Bian L. Synthetic presentation of noncanonical Wnt5a motif promotes mechanosensing-dependent differentiation of stem cells and regeneration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw3896. [PMID: 31663014 PMCID: PMC6795506 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Noncanonical Wnt signaling in stem cells is essential to numerous developmental events. However, no prior studies have capitalized on the osteoinductive potential of noncanonical Wnt ligands to functionalize biomaterials in enhancing the osteogenesis and associated skeleton formation. Here, we investigated the efficacy of the functionalization of biomaterials with a synthetic Wnt5a mimetic ligand (Foxy5 peptide) to promote the mechanosensing and osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells by activating noncanonical Wnt signaling. Our findings showed that the immobilized Wnt5a mimetic ligand activated noncanonical Wnt signaling via the up-regulation of Disheveled 2 and downstream RhoA-ROCK signaling, leading to enhanced intracellular calcium level, F-actin stability, actomyosin contractility, and cell adhesion structure development. This enhanced mechanotransduction in stem cells promoted the in vitro osteogenic lineage commitment and the in vivo healing of rat calvarial defects. Our work provides valuable guidance for the developmentally inspired design of biomaterials for a wide array of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Sien Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Meiling Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Yingrui Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kongchang Wei
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Liming Bian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Center of Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories, 999077 Hong Kong, P.R. China
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28
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Mitxitorena I, Infante A, Gener B, Rodríguez CI. Suitability and limitations of mesenchymal stem cells to elucidate human bone illness. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:578-593. [PMID: 31616536 PMCID: PMC6789184 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i9.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional impairment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoblast progenitor cells, has been proposed to be a pathological mechanism contributing to bone disorders, such as osteoporosis (the most common bone disease) and other rare inherited skeletal dysplasias. Pathological bone loss can be caused not only by an enhanced bone resorption activity but also by hampered osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. The majority of the current treatment options counteract bone loss, and therefore bone fragility by blocking bone resorption. These so-called antiresorptive treatments, in spite of being effective at reducing fracture risk, cannot be administered for extended periods due to security concerns. Therefore, there is a real need to develop osteoanabolic therapies to promote bone formation. Human MSCs emerge as a suitable tool to study the etiology of bone disorders at the cellular level as well as to be used for cell therapy purposes for bone diseases. This review will focus on the most relevant findings using human MSCs as an in vitro cell model to unravel pathological bone mechanisms and the application and outcomes of human MSCs in cell therapy clinical trials for bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izaskun Mitxitorena
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Arantza Infante
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Blanca Gener
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Bizkaia, Spain
- Service of Genetics, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28005, Spain
| | - Clara I Rodríguez
- Stem Cells and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Bizkaia, Spain
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29
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Besio R, Chow CW, Tonelli F, Marini JC, Forlino A. Bone biology: insights from osteogenesis imperfecta and related rare fragility syndromes. FEBS J 2019; 286:3033-3056. [PMID: 31220415 PMCID: PMC7384889 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The limited accessibility of bone and its mineralized nature have restricted deep investigation of its biology. Recent breakthroughs in identification of mutant proteins affecting bone tissue homeostasis in rare skeletal diseases have revealed novel pathways involved in skeletal development and maintenance. The characterization of new dominant, recessive and X-linked forms of the rare brittle bone disease osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and other OI-related bone fragility disorders was a key player in this advance. The development of in vitro models for these diseases along with the generation and characterization of murine and zebrafish models contributed to dissecting previously unknown pathways. Here, we describe the most recent advances in the understanding of processes involved in abnormal bone mineralization, collagen processing and osteoblast function, as illustrated by the characterization of new causative genes for OI and OI-related fragility syndromes. The coordinated role of the integral membrane protein BRIL and of the secreted protein PEDF in modulating bone mineralization as well as the function and cross-talk of the collagen-specific chaperones HSP47 and FKBP65 in collagen processing and secretion are discussed. We address the significance of WNT ligand, the importance of maintaining endoplasmic reticulum membrane potential and of regulating intramembrane proteolysis in osteoblast homeostasis. Moreover, we also examine the relevance of the cytoskeletal protein plastin-3 and of the nucleotidyltransferase FAM46A. Thanks to these advances, new targets for the development of novel therapies for currently incurable rare bone diseases have been and, likely, will be identified, supporting the important role of basic science for translational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Besio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chi-Wing Chow
- Bone and Extracellular Matrix Branch, NICHD, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Francesca Tonelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Joan C Marini
- Bone and Extracellular Matrix Branch, NICHD, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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30
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Sato C, Yamazaki D, Sato M, Takeshima H, Memtily N, Hatano Y, Tsukuba T, Sakai E. Calcium phosphate mineralization in bone tissues directly observed in aqueous liquid by atmospheric SEM (ASEM) without staining: microfluidics crystallization chamber and immuno-EM. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7352. [PMID: 31089159 PMCID: PMC6517404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The malformation and disordered remodeling of bones induce various diseases, including osteoporosis. We have developed atmospheric SEM (ASEM) to directly observe aldehyde-fixed bone tissue immersed in radical scavenger buffer without thin sectioning. The short procedure realized the observation of bone mineralization surrounded by many cells and matrices in natural aqueous buffer, decreasing the risk of changes. In osteoblast primary cultures, mineralization was visible without staining. Correlative energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry indicated the formation of calcium phosphate mineral. Fixed bone was sectioned, and the section surface was inspected by ASEM. Mineralized trabeculae of talus spongy bone were directly visible. Associated large and small cells were revealed by phosphotungstic acid staining, suggesting remodeling by bone-absorbing osteoclasts and bone-rebuilding osteoblasts. In tibia, cortical bone layer including dense grains, was bordered by many cells with protrusions. Tissue immuno-EM performed in solution for the first time and anti-cathepsin-K antibody, successfully identified osteoclasts in femur spongy bone. A microfluidics chamber fabricated on the silicon nitride film window of an ASEM dish allowed mineralization to be monitored in vitro; calcium phosphate crystals as small as 50 nm were imaged. ASEM is expected to be widely applied to study bio-mineralization and bone-remodeling, and to help diagnose bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikara Sato
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan.
| | - Daiju Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Shimo Adachi, 46-29 Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mari Sato
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Shimo Adachi, 46-29 Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nassirhadjy Memtily
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
- Traditional Uyghur Medicine Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xinyi Rd, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yuri Hatano
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tsukuba
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Department of Developmental and Reconstructive Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Eiko Sakai
- Division of Dental Pharmacology, Department of Developmental and Reconstructive Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
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31
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Qian N, Ichimura A, Takei D, Sakaguchi R, Kitani A, Nagaoka R, Tomizawa M, Miyazaki Y, Miyachi H, Numata T, Kakizawa S, Nishi M, Mori Y, Takeshima H. TRPM7 channels mediate spontaneous Ca 2+ fluctuations in growth plate chondrocytes that promote bone development. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/576/eaaw4847. [PMID: 30967513 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaw4847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
During endochondral ossification of long bones, the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes cause them to be arranged into layered structures constituting the epiphyseal growth plate, where they secrete the cartilage matrix that is subsequently converted into trabecular bone. Ca2+ signaling has been implicated in chondrogenesis in vitro. Through fluorometric imaging of bone slices from embryonic mice, we demonstrated that live growth plate chondrocytes generated small, cell-autonomous Ca2+ fluctuations that were associated with weak and intermittent Ca2+ influx. Several genes encoding Ca2+-permeable channels were expressed in growth plate chondrocytes, but only pharmacological inhibitors of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 (TRPM7) reduced the spontaneous Ca2+ fluctuations. The TRPM7-mediated Ca2+ influx was likely activated downstream of basal phospholipase C activity and was potentiated upon cell hyperpolarization induced by big-conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ channels. Bones from embryos in which Trpm7 was conditionally knocked out during ex vivo culture exhibited reduced outgrowth and displayed histological abnormalities accompanied by insufficient autophosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the growth plate. The link between TRPM7-mediated Ca2+ fluctuations and CaMKII-dependent chondrogenesis was further supported by experiments with chondrocyte-specific Trpm7 knockout mice. Thus, growth plate chondrocytes generate spontaneous, TRPM7-mediated Ca2+ fluctuations that promote self-maturation and bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianchao Qian
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan.,Keihanshin Consortium for Fostering the Next Generation of Global Leaders in Research (K-CONNEX), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takei
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan
| | - Reiko Sakaguchi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kitani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nagaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Tomizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan
| | - Yuu Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Numata
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Sho Kakizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8501, Japan.
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32
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Structural basis for activity of TRIC counter-ion channels in calcium release. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4238-4243. [PMID: 30770441 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817271116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channels are thought to provide counter-ion currents that facilitate the active release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. TRIC activity is controlled by voltage and Ca2+ modulation, but underlying mechanisms have remained unknown. Here we describe high-resolution crystal structures of vertebrate TRIC-A and TRIC-B channels, both in Ca2+-bound and Ca2+-free states, and we analyze conductance properties in structure-inspired mutagenesis experiments. The TRIC channels are symmetric trimers, wherein we find a pore in each protomer that is gated by a highly conserved lysine residue. In the resting state, Ca2+ binding at the luminal surface of TRIC-A, on its threefold axis, stabilizes lysine blockage of the pores. During active Ca2+ release, luminal Ca2+ depletion removes inhibition to permit the lysine-bearing and voltage-sensing helix to move in response to consequent membrane hyperpolarization. Diacylglycerol is found at interprotomer interfaces, suggesting a role in metabolic control.
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Crystal structures of the TRIC trimeric intracellular cation channel orthologues. Cell Res 2017; 26:1288-1301. [PMID: 27909292 PMCID: PMC5143425 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2016.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for muscle contraction, cell growth, apoptosis, learning and memory. The trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channels were recently identified as cation channels balancing the SR and ER membrane potentials, and are implicated in Ca2+ signaling and homeostasis. Here we present the crystal structures of prokaryotic TRIC channels in the closed state and structure-based functional analyses of prokaryotic and eukaryotic TRIC channels. Each trimer subunit consists of seven transmembrane (TM) helices with two inverted repeated regions. The electrophysiological, biochemical and biophysical analyses revealed that TRIC channels possess an ion-conducting pore within each subunit, and that the trimer formation contributes to the stability of the protein. The symmetrically related TM2 and TM5 helices are kinked at the conserved glycine clusters, and these kinks are important for the channel activity. Furthermore, the kinks of the TM2 and TM5 helices generate lateral fenestrations at each subunit interface. Unexpectedly, these lateral fenestrations are occupied with lipid molecules. This study provides the structural and functional framework for the molecular mechanism of this ion channel superfamily.
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Essawi O, Symoens S, Fannana M, Darwish M, Farraj M, Willaert A, Essawi T, Callewaert B, De Paepe A, Malfait F, Coucke PJ. Genetic analysis of osteogenesis imperfecta in the Palestinian population: molecular screening of 49 affected families. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 6:15-26. [PMID: 29150909 PMCID: PMC5823677 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous hereditary connective tissue disorder clinically hallmarked by increased susceptibility to bone fractures. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 77 diagnosed OI patients from 49 unrelated Palestinian families. Next-generation sequencing technology was used to screen a panel of known OI genes. RESULTS In 41 probands, we identified 28 different disease-causing variants of 9 different known OI genes. Eleven of the variants are novel. Ten of the 28 variants are located in COL1A1, five in COL1A2, three in BMP1, three in FKBP10, two in TMEM38B, two in P3H1, and one each in CRTAP, SERPINF1, and SERPINH1. The absence of disease-causing variants in the remaining eight probands suggests further genetic heterogeneity in OI. In general, most OI patients (90%) harbor mainly variants in type I collagen resulting in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. However, in our cohort almost 61% (25/41) were affected with autosomal recessive OI. Moreover, we document a 21-kb genomic deletion in the TMEM38B gene identified in 29% (12/41) of the tested probands, making it the most frequent OI-causing variant in the Palestinian population. CONCLUSION This is the first genetic screening of an OI cohort from the Palestinian population. Our data are important for genetic counseling of OI patients and families in highly consanguineous populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Essawi
- Department Master Program in Clinical Laboratory Science, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine.,Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Symoens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maha Fannana
- Dr. Al Rantisi Specialized Children Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Mohammad Farraj
- Department Master Program in Clinical Laboratory Science, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine
| | - Andy Willaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tamer Essawi
- Department Master Program in Clinical Laboratory Science, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne De Paepe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Paul J Coucke
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Vierra NC, Dadi PK, Milian SC, Dickerson MT, Jordan KL, Gilon P, Jacobson DA. TALK-1 channels control β cell endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ homeostasis. Sci Signal 2017; 10:eaan2883. [PMID: 28928238 PMCID: PMC5672804 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan2883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ handling by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves critical roles in controlling pancreatic β cell function and becomes perturbed during the pathogenesis of diabetes. ER Ca2+ homeostasis is determined by ion movements across the ER membrane, including K+ flux through K+ channels. We demonstrated that K+ flux through ER-localized TALK-1 channels facilitated Ca2+ release from the ER in mouse and human β cells. We found that β cells from mice lacking TALK-1 exhibited reduced basal cytosolic Ca2+ and increased ER Ca2+ concentrations, suggesting reduced ER Ca2+ leak. These changes in Ca2+ homeostasis were presumably due to TALK-1-mediated ER K+ flux, because we recorded K+ currents mediated by functional TALK-1 channels on the nuclear membrane, which is continuous with the ER. Moreover, overexpression of K+-impermeable TALK-1 channels in HEK293 cells did not reduce ER Ca2+ stores. Reduced ER Ca2+ content in β cells is associated with ER stress and islet dysfunction in diabetes, and islets from TALK-1-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet showed reduced signs of ER stress, suggesting that TALK-1 activity exacerbated ER stress. Our data establish TALK-1 channels as key regulators of β cell ER Ca2+ and suggest that TALK-1 may be a therapeutic target to reduce ER Ca2+ handling defects in β cells during the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Vierra
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Prasanna K Dadi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sarah C Milian
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew T Dickerson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kelli L Jordan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Lim J, Grafe I, Alexander S, Lee B. Genetic causes and mechanisms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Bone 2017; 102:40-49. [PMID: 28232077 PMCID: PMC5607741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by various clinical features including bone deformities, low bone mass, brittle bones, and connective tissue manifestations. The predominant cause of OI is due to mutations in the two genes that encode type I collagen. However, recent advances in sequencing technology has led to the discovery of novel genes that are implicated in recessive and dominant OI. These include genes that regulate the post-translational modification, secretion and processing of type I collagen as well as those required for osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization. As such, OI has become a spectrum of genetic disorders informing about the determinants of both bone quantity and quality. Here we summarize the known genetic causes of OI, animal models that recapitulate the human disease and mechanisms that underlie disease pathogenesis. Additionally, we discuss the effects of disrupted collagen networks on extracellular matrix signaling and its impact on disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Lim
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ingo Grafe
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stefanie Alexander
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Webb EA, Balasubramanian M, Fratzl-Zelman N, Cabral WA, Titheradge H, Alsaedi A, Saraff V, Vogt J, Cole T, Stewart S, Crabtree NJ, Sargent BM, Gamsjaeger S, Paschalis EP, Roschger P, Klaushofer K, Shaw NJ, Marini JC, Högler W. Phenotypic Spectrum in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Due to Mutations in TMEM38B: Unraveling a Complex Cellular Defect. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:2019-2028. [PMID: 28323974 PMCID: PMC5470761 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-3766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recessive mutations in TMEM38B cause type XIV osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) by dysregulating intracellular calcium flux. OBJECTIVES Clinical and bone material phenotype description and osteoblast differentiation studies. DESIGN AND SETTING Natural history study in pediatric research centers. PATIENTS Eight patients with type XIV OI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical examinations included bone mineral density, radiographs, echocardiography, and muscle biopsy. Bone biopsy samples (n = 3) were analyzed using histomorphometry, quantitative backscattered electron microscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy. Cellular differentiation studies were performed on proband and control osteoblasts and normal murine osteoclasts. RESULTS Type XIV OI clinical phenotype ranges from asymptomatic to severe. Previously unreported features include vertebral fractures, periosteal cloaking, coxa vara, and extraskeletal features (muscular hypotonia, cardiac abnormalities). Proband lumbar spine bone density z score was reduced [median -3.3 (range -4.77 to +0.1; n = 7)] and increased by +1.7 (1.17 to 3.0; n = 3) following bisphosphonate therapy. TMEM38B mutant bone has reduced trabecular bone volume, osteoblast, and particularly osteoclast numbers, with >80% reduction in bone resorption. Bone matrix mineralization is normal and nanoporosity low. We demonstrate a complex osteoblast differentiation defect with decreased expression of early markers and increased expression of late and mineralization-related markers. Predominance of trimeric intracellular cation channel type B over type A expression in murine osteoclasts supports an intrinsic osteoclast defect underlying low bone turnover. CONCLUSIONS OI type XIV has a bone histology, matrix mineralization, and osteoblast differentiation pattern that is distinct from OI with collagen defects. Probands are responsive to bisphosphonates and some show muscular and cardiovascular features possibly related to intracellular calcium flux abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma A. Webb
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Meena Balasubramanian
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s National Health Service Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2TH United Kingdom
| | - Nadja Fratzl-Zelman
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse and Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt Trama Centre Meidling, First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wayne A. Cabral
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Hannah Titheradge
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham B15 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - Atif Alsaedi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham B15 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - Vrinda Saraff
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Vogt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham B15 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor Cole
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham B15 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Stewart
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham B15 2DG, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola J. Crabtree
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - Brandi M. Sargent
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Sonja Gamsjaeger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse and Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt Trama Centre Meidling, First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eleftherios P. Paschalis
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse and Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt Trama Centre Meidling, First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Roschger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse and Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt Trama Centre Meidling, First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Klaushofer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse and Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt Trama Centre Meidling, First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nick J. Shaw
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Joan C. Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Wolfgang Högler
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
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Ou X, Guo J, Wang L, Yang H, Liu X, Sun J, Liu Z. Ion- and water-binding sites inside an occluded hourglass pore of a trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channel. BMC Biol 2017; 15:31. [PMID: 28431535 PMCID: PMC5401562 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0372-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channels are crucial for Ca2+ handling in eukaryotes and are involved in K+ uptake in prokaryotes. Recent studies on the representative members of eukaryotic and prokaryotic TRIC channels demonstrated that they form homotrimeric units with the ion-conducting pores contained within each individual monomer. RESULTS Here we report detailed insights into the ion- and water-binding sites inside the pore of a TRIC channel from Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsTRIC). Like the mammalian TRIC channels, SsTRIC is permeable to both K+ and Na+ with a slight preference for K+, and is nearly impermeable to Ca2+, Mg2+, or Cl-. In the 2.2-Å resolution K+-bound structure of SsTRIC, ion/water densities have been well resolved inside the pore. At the central region, a filter-like structure is shaped by the kinks on the second and fifth transmembrane helices and two nearby phenylalanine residues. Below the filter, the cytoplasmic vestibule is occluded by a plug-like motif attached to an array of pore-lining charged residues. CONCLUSIONS The asymmetric filter-like structure at the pore center of SsTRIC might serve as the basis for the channel to bind and select monovalent cations. A Velcro-like plug-pore interacting model has been proposed and suggests a unified framework accounting for the gating mechanisms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic TRIC channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianli Guo
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanting Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuying Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Kang H, Aryal A C S, Marini JC. Osteogenesis imperfecta: new genes reveal novel mechanisms in bone dysplasia. Transl Res 2017; 181:27-48. [PMID: 27914223 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by fragile bones and short stature and known for its clinical and genetic heterogeneity which is now understood as a collagen-related disorder. During the last decade, research has made remarkable progress in identifying new OI-causing genes and beginning to understand the intertwined molecular and biochemical mechanisms of their gene products. Most cases of OI have dominant inheritance. Each new gene for recessive OI, and a recently identified gene for X-linked OI, has shed new light on its (often previously unsuspected) function in bone biology. Here, we summarize the literature that has contributed to our current understanding of the pathogenesis of OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeseog Kang
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, Md
| | - Smriti Aryal A C
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, Md
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, Md.
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VanHook AM. New connections: Protein trafficking for strong bones and teeth. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/465/eaam8579. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam8579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Distinct mechanisms of dysregulated protein secretion result in weak bones or teeth.
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Abstract
Trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channel subtypes, namely TRIC-A and TRIC-B, are expressed in the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope, and likely function as monovalent cation channels in various cell types. Our studies using knockout mice so far suggest that TRIC subtypes support Ca2+ release from intracellular stores by mediating counter-cationic fluxes. Several genetic mutations within the TRIC-B locus were recently identified in autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) patients. However, the molecular mechanism by which the mutations cause human disease is not fully addressed. We found that Tric-b-knockout mice exhibit poor bone ossification and thus serve as an OI-model animal. Studies on Tric-b-knockout bones and cultured cell lines derived from the patients currently reveal the main part of the pathophysiological mechanism involved in the TRIC-B-mutated OI form. This mini-review focuses on the essential role of TRIC-B channels in bone ossification.
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Pore architecture of TRIC channels and insights into their gating mechanism. Nature 2016; 538:537-541. [PMID: 27698420 DOI: 10.1038/nature19767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signalling processes are fundamental to muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, cell growth and apoptosis. Release of Ca2+ from the intracellular stores is supported by a series of ion channels in sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER). Among them, two isoforms of the trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channel family, named TRIC-A and TRIC-B, modulate the release of Ca2+ through the ryanodine receptor or inositol triphosphate receptor, and maintain the homeostasis of ions within SR/ER lumen. Genetic ablations or mutations of TRIC channels are associated with hypertension, heart disease, respiratory defects and brittle bone disease. Despite the pivotal function of TRIC channels in Ca2+ signalling, their pore architectures and gating mechanisms remain unknown. Here we present the structures of TRIC-B1 and TRIC-B2 channels from Caenorhabditis elegans in complex with endogenous phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2, also known as PIP2) lipid molecules. The TRIC-B1/B2 proteins and PIP2 assemble into a symmetrical homotrimeric complex. Each monomer contains an hourglass-shaped hydrophilic pore contained within a seven-transmembrane-helix domain. Structural and functional analyses unravel the central role of PIP2 in stabilizing the cytoplasmic gate of the ion permeation pathway and reveal a marked Ca2+-induced conformational change in a cytoplasmic loop above the gate. A mechanistic model has been proposed to account for the complex gating mechanism of TRIC channels.
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