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Sakata S, Li J, Yasuno Y, Shinada T, Shin-Ya K, Katsuyama Y, Ohnishi Y. Identification of the Cirratiomycin Biosynthesis Gene Cluster in Streptomyces Cirratus: Elucidation of the Biosynthetic Pathways for 2,3-Diaminobutyric Acid and Hydroxymethylserine. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400271. [PMID: 38456538 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Cirratiomycin, a heptapeptide with antibacterial activity, was isolated and characterized in 1981; however, its biosynthetic pathway has not been elucidated. It contains several interesting nonproteinogenic amino acids, such as (2S,3S)-2,3-diaminobutyric acid ((2S,3S)-DABA) and α-(hydroxymethyl)serine, as building blocks. Here, we report the identification of a cirratiomycin biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces cirratus. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that several Streptomyces viridifaciens and Kitasatospora aureofaciens strains also have this cluster. One S. viridifaciens strain was confirmed to produce cirratiomycin. The biosynthetic gene cluster was shown to be responsible for cirratiomycin biosynthesis in S. cirratus in a gene inactivation experiment using CRISPR-cBEST. Interestingly, this cluster encodes a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) composed of 12 proteins, including those with an unusual domain organization: a stand-alone adenylation domain, two stand-alone condensation domains, two type II thioesterases, and two NRPS modules that have no adenylation domain. Using heterologous expression and in vitro analysis of recombinant enzymes, we revealed the biosynthetic pathway of (2S,3S)-DABA: (2S,3S)-DABA is synthesized from l-threonine by four enzymes, CirR, CirS, CirQ, and CirB. In addition, CirH, a glycine/serine hydroxymethyltransferase homolog, was shown to synthesize α-(hydroxymethyl)serine from d-serine in vitro. These findings broaden our knowledge of nonproteinogenic amino acid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunki Sakata
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoko Yasuno
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shinada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin-Ya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Yohei Katsuyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohnishi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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2
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Li R, Lichstrahl MS, Zandi TA, Kahlert L, Townsend CA. The dabABC operon is a marker of C4-alkylated monobactam biosynthesis and responsible for ( 2S, 3R)-diaminobutyrate production. iScience 2024; 27:109202. [PMID: 38433893 PMCID: PMC10906522 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) assemble metabolites of medicinal and commercial value. Both serine and threonine figure prominently in these processes and separately can be converted to the additional NRPS building blocks 2,3-diaminopropionate (Dap) and 2,3-diaminobutyrate (Dab). Here we bring extensive bioinformatics, in vivo and in vitro experimentation to compose a unified view of the biosynthesis of these widely distributed non-canonical amino acids that both derive by pyridoxal-mediated β-elimination of the activated O-phosphorylated substrates followed by β-addition of an amine donor. By examining monobactam biosynthesis in Pseudomonas and in Burkholderia species where it is silent, we show that (2S,3R)-Dab synthesis depends on an l-threonine kinase (DabA), a β-replacement reaction with l-aspartate (DabB) and an argininosuccinate lyase-like protein (DabC). The growing clinical importance of monobactams to both withstand Ambler Class B metallo-β-lactamases and retain their antibiotic activity make reprogrammed precursor and NRPS synthesis of modified monobactams a feasible and attractive goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael S. Lichstrahl
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Trevor A. Zandi
- T. C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lukas Kahlert
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Craig A. Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, USA
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3
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Patil RS, Sharma S, Bhaskarwar AV, Nambiar S, Bhat NA, Koppolu MK, Bhukya H. TetR and OmpR family regulators in natural product biosynthesis and resistance. Proteins 2023. [PMID: 37874037 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive review and sequence-structure analysis of transcription regulator (TR) families, TetR and OmpR/PhoB, involved in specialized secondary metabolite (SSM) biosynthesis and resistance. Transcription regulation is a fundamental process, playing a crucial role in orchestrating gene expression to confer a survival advantage in response to frequent environmental stress conditions. This process, coupled with signal sensing, enables bacteria to respond to a diverse range of intra and extracellular signals. Thus, major bacterial signaling systems use a receptor domain to sense chemical stimuli along with an output domain responsible for transcription regulation through DNA-binding. Sensory and output domains on a single polypeptide chain (one component system, OCS) allow response to stimuli by allostery, that is, DNA-binding affinity modulation upon signal presence/absence. On the other hand, two component systems (TCSs) allow cross-talk between the sensory and output domains as they are disjoint and transmit information by phosphorelay to mount a response. In both cases, however, TRs play a central role. Biosynthesis of SSMs, which includes antibiotics, is heavily regulated by TRs as it diverts the cell's resources towards the production of these expendable compounds, which also have clinical applications. These TRs have evolved to relay information across specific signals and target genes, thus providing a rich source of unique mechanisms to explore towards addressing the rapid escalation in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Here, we focus on the TetR and OmpR family TRs, which belong to OCS and TCS, respectively. These TR families are well-known examples of regulators in secondary metabolism and are ubiquitous across different bacteria, as they also participate in a myriad of cellular processes apart from SSM biosynthesis and resistance. As a result, these families exhibit higher sequence divergence, which is also evident from our bioinformatic analysis of 158 389 and 77 437 sequences from TetR and OmpR family TRs, respectively. The analysis of both sequence and structure allowed us to identify novel motifs in addition to the known motifs responsible for TR function and its structural integrity. Understanding the diverse mechanisms employed by these TRs is essential for unraveling the biosynthesis of SSMs. This can also help exploit their regulatory role in biosynthesis for significant pharmaceutical, agricultural, and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit S Patil
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Siddhant Sharma
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Aditya V Bhaskarwar
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Souparnika Nambiar
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Niharika A Bhat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Mani Kanta Koppolu
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Hussain Bhukya
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
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4
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Sánchez-Hidalgo M, García MJ, González I, Oves-Costales D, Genilloud O. Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Kribbella sp. CA-293567 and Identification of the Kribbellichelins A & B and Sandramycin Biosynthetic Gene Clusters. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020265. [PMID: 36838228 PMCID: PMC9962454 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Minor genera actinomycetes are considered a promising source of new secondary metabolites. The strain Kribbella sp. CA-293567 produces sandramycin and kribbellichelins A & B In this work, we describe the complete genome sequencing of this strain and the in silico identification of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), focusing on the pathways encoding sandramycin and kribbellichelins A-B. We also present a comparative analysis of the biosynthetic potential of 38 publicly available genomes from Kribbella strains.
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Interconnected Set of Enzymes Provide Lysine Biosynthetic Intermediates and Ornithine Derivatives as Key Precursors for the Biosynthesis of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010159. [PMID: 36671360 PMCID: PMC9854754 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria, filamentous fungi, and plants synthesize thousands of secondary metabolites with important biological and pharmacological activities. The biosynthesis of these metabolites is performed by networks of complex enzymes such as non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, polyketide synthases, and terpenoid biosynthetic enzymes. The efficient production of these metabolites is dependent upon the supply of precursors that arise from primary metabolism. In the last decades, an impressive array of biosynthetic enzymes that provide specific precursors and intermediates leading to secondary metabolites biosynthesis has been reported. Suitable knowledge of the elaborated pathways that synthesize these precursors or intermediates is essential for advancing chemical biology and the production of natural or semisynthetic biological products. Two of the more prolific routes that provide key precursors in the biosynthesis of antitumor, immunosuppressant, antifungal, or antibacterial compounds are the lysine and ornithine pathways, which are involved in the biosynthesis of β-lactams and other non-ribosomal peptides, and bacterial and fungal siderophores. Detailed analysis of the molecular genetics and biochemistry of the enzyme system shows that they are formed by closely related components. Particularly the focus of this study is on molecular genetics and the enzymatic steps that lead to the formation of intermediates of the lysine pathway, such as α-aminoadipic acid, saccharopine, pipecolic acid, and related compounds, and of ornithine-derived molecules, such as N5-Acetyl-N5-Hydroxyornithine and N5-anhydromevalonyl-N5-hydroxyornithine, which are precursors of siderophores. We provide evidence that shows interesting functional relationships between the genes encoding the enzymes that synthesize these products. This information will contribute to a better understanding of the possibilities of advancing the industrial applications of synthetic biology.
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Schulz S, Schall C, Stehle T, Breitmeyer C, Krysenko S, Mitulski A, Wohlleben W. Optimization of the precursor supply for an enhanced FK506 production in Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1067467. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1067467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tacrolimus (FK506) is a macrolide widely used as immunosuppressant to prevent transplant rejection. Synthetic production of FK506 is not efficient and costly, whereas the biosynthesis of FK506 is complex and the level produced by the wild type strain, Streptomyces tsukubaensis, is very low. We therefore engineered FK506 biosynthesis and the supply of the precursor L-lysine to generate strains with improved FK506 yield. To increase FK506 production, first the intracellular supply of the essential precursor lysine was improved in the native host S. tsukubaensis NRRL 18488 by engineering the lysine biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, a feedback deregulated aspartate kinase AskSt* of S. tsukubaensis was generated by site directed mutagenesis. Whereas overexpression of AskSt* resulted only in a 17% increase in FK506 yield, heterologous overexpression of a feedback deregulated AskCg* from Corynebacterium glutamicum was proven to be more efficient. Combined overexpression of AskCg* and DapASt, showed a strong enhancement of the intracellular lysine pool following increase in the yield by approximately 73% compared to the wild type. Lysine is coverted into the FK506 building block pipecolate by the lysine cyclodeaminase FkbL. Construction of a ∆fkbL mutant led to a complete abolishment of the FK506 production, confirming the indispensability of this enzyme for FK506 production. Chemical complementation of the ∆fkbL mutant by feeding pipecolic acid and genetic complementation with fkbL as well as with other lysine cyclodeaminase genes (pipAf, pipASt, originating from Actinoplanes friuliensis and Streptomyces pristinaespiralis, respectively) completely restored FK506 production. Subsequently, FK506 production was enchanced by heterologous overexpression of PipAf and PipASp in S. tsukubaensis. This resulted in a yield increase by 65% compared to the WT in the presence of PipAf from A. friuliensis. For further rational yield improvement, the crystal structure of PipAf from A. friuliensis was determined at 1.3 Å resolution with the cofactor NADH bound and at 1.4 Å with its substrate lysine. Based on the structure the Ile91 residue was replaced by Val91 in PipAf, which resulted in an overall increase of FK506 production by approx. 100% compared to the WT.
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7
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da Costa RA, Andrade IEPC, Pinto OHB, de Souza BBP, Fulgêncio DLA, Mendonça ML, Kurokawa AS, Ortega DB, Carvalho LS, Krüger RH, Ramada MHS, Barreto CC. A novel family of non-secreted tridecaptin lipopeptide produced by Paenibacillus elgii. Amino Acids 2022; 54:1477-1489. [PMID: 35864259 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria from the genus Paenibacillus make a variety of antimicrobial compounds, including lipopeptides produced by a non-ribosomal synthesis mechanism (NRPS). In the present study, we show the genomic and phenotypical characterization of Paenibacillus elgii AC13 which makes three groups of small molecules: the antimicrobial pelgipeptins and two other families of peptides that have not been described in P. elgii. A family of lipopeptides with [M + H]+ 1664, 1678, 1702, and 1717 m/z was purified from the culture cell fraction. Partial characterization revealed that they are similar to tridecaptin from P. terrae. However, they present amino acid chain modifications in positions 3, 7, and 10. These new variants were named tridecaptin G1, G2, G3, and G4. Furthermore, a gene cluster was identified in P. elgii AC13 genome, revealing high similarity to the tridecaptin-NRPS gene cluster from P. terrae. Tridecaptin G1 and G2 showed in vitro antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia (including a multidrug-resistant strain), Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Tri G3 did not show antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans at all tested concentrations. An intriguing feature of this family of lipopeptides is that it was only observed in the cell fraction of the P. elgii AC13 culture, which could be a result of the amino acid sequence modifications presented in these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosiane Andrade da Costa
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | | | - Otávio Henrique Bezerra Pinto
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Luíza Albano Fulgêncio
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Marise Leite Mendonça
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Adriane Silva Kurokawa
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Daniel Barros Ortega
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Environmental Technology and Water Resources, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, SG-12, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva Carvalho
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Henrique Krüger
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Soller Ramada
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Cristine Chaves Barreto
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, SGAN 916, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil.
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Tyurin AP, Alferova VA, Paramonov AS, Shuvalov MV, Kudryakova GK, Rogozhin EA, Zherebker AY, Brylev VA, Chistov AA, Baranova AA, Biryukov MV, Ivanov IA, Prokhorenko IA, Grammatikova NE, Kravchenko TV, Isakova EB, Mirchink EP, Gladkikh EG, Svirshchevskaya EV, Mardanov AV, Beletsky AV, Kocharovskaya MV, Kulyaeva VV, Shashkov AS, Tsvetkov DE, Nifantiev NE, Apt AS, Majorov KB, Efimova SS, Ravin NV, Nikolaev EN, Ostroumova OS, Katrukha GS, Lapchinskaya OA, Dontsova OA, Terekhov SS, Osterman IA, Shenkarev ZO, Korshun VA. Gausemycins A,B: Cyclic Lipoglycopeptides from
Streptomyces
sp.**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Kovalenko N, Howard GK, Swain JA, Hermant Y, Cameron AJ, Cook GM, Ferguson SA, Stubbing LA, Harris PWR, Brimble MA. A Concise Synthetic Strategy Towards the Novel Calcium-dependent Lipopeptide Antibiotic, Malacidin A and Analogues. Front Chem 2021; 9:687875. [PMID: 34422759 PMCID: PMC8372822 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.687875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malacidin A is a novel calcium-dependent lipopeptide antibiotic with excellent activity against Gram-positive pathogens. Herein, a concise and robust synthetic route toward malacidin A is reported, employing 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl solid-phase peptide synthesis of a linear precursor, including late-stage incorporation of the lipid tail, followed by solution-phase cyclization. The versatility of this synthetic strategy was further demonstrated by synthesis of a diastereomeric variant of malacidin A and a small library of simplified analogues with variation of the lipid moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiia Kovalenko
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Georgina K. Howard
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan A. Swain
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yann Hermant
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alan J. Cameron
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gregory M. Cook
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Scott A. Ferguson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Louise A. Stubbing
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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10
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Tyurin AP, Alferova VA, Paramonov AS, Shuvalov MV, Kudryakova GK, Rogozhin EA, Zherebker AY, Brylev VA, Chistov AA, Baranova AA, Biryukov MV, Ivanov IA, Prokhorenko IA, Grammatikova NE, Kravchenko TV, Isakova EB, Mirchink EP, Gladkikh EG, Svirshchevskaya EV, Mardanov AV, Beletsky AV, Kocharovskaya MV, Kulyaeva VV, Shashkov AS, Tsvetkov DE, Nifantiev NE, Apt AS, Majorov KB, Efimova SS, Ravin NV, Nikolaev EN, Ostroumova OS, Katrukha GS, Lapchinskaya OA, Dontsova OA, Terekhov SS, Osterman IA, Shenkarev ZO, Korshun VA. Gausemycins A,B: Cyclic Lipoglycopeptides from Streptomyces sp.*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18694-18703. [PMID: 34009717 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel family of natural lipoglycopeptides produced by Streptomyces sp. INA-Ac-5812. Two major components of the mixture, named gausemycins A and B, were isolated, and their structures were elucidated. The compounds are cyclic peptides with a unique peptide core and several remarkable structural features, including unusual positions of d-amino acids, lack of the Ca2+ -binding Asp-X-Asp-Gly (DXDG) motif, tyrosine glycosylation with arabinose, presence of 2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid (Ahpb) and chlorinated kynurenine (ClKyn), and N-acylation of the ornithine side chain. Gausemycins have pronounced activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Mechanistic studies highlight significant differences compared to known glyco- and lipopeptides. Gausemycins exhibit only slight Ca2+ -dependence of activity and induce no pore formation at low concentrations. Moreover, there is no detectable accumulation of cell wall biosynthesis precursors under treatment with gausemycins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton P Tyurin
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera A Alferova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Paramonov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim V Shuvalov
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Eugene A Rogozhin
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Y Zherebker
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Skolkovo, 143026, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Brylev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Chistov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A Baranova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Biryukov
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A Ivanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A Prokhorenko
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Tatyana V Kravchenko
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena B Isakova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena P Mirchink
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena G Gladkikh
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V Svirshchevskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Mardanov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33-2, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Beletsky
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33-2, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Milita V Kocharovskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane 9, Dolgoprydny, 141700, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Valeriya V Kulyaeva
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry E Tsvetkov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Apt
- Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Yauzskaya Alley 2, 107564, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin B Majorov
- Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Yauzskaya Alley 2, 107564, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Efimova
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Prospect 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikolai V Ravin
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33-2, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Skolkovo, 143026, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Olga S Ostroumova
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Prospect 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Genrikh S Katrukha
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olda A Lapchinskaya
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Dontsova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119992, Moscow, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Skolkovo, 143026, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Stanislav S Terekhov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya A Osterman
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119992, Moscow, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street 3, Skolkovo, 143026, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Zakhar O Shenkarev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane 9, Dolgoprydny, 141700, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Korshun
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021, Moscow, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Baltz RH. Genome mining for drug discovery: cyclic lipopeptides related to daptomycin. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 48:6178872. [PMID: 33739403 PMCID: PMC9113097 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic lipopeptide antibiotics structurally related to daptomycin were first reported in the 1950s. Several have common lipopeptide initiation, elongation, and termination mechanisms. Initiation requires the use of a fatty acyl-AMP ligase (FAAL), a free-standing acyl carrier protein (ACP), and a specialized condensation (CIII) domain on the first NRPS elongation module to couple the long chain fatty acid to the first amino acid. Termination is carried out by a dimodular NRPS that contains a terminal thioesterase (Te) domain (CAT-CATTe). Lipopeptide BGCs also encode ABC transporters, apparently for export and resistance. The use of this mechanism of initiation, elongation, and termination, coupled with molecular target-agnostic resistance, has provided a unique basis for robust natural and experimental combinatorial biosynthesis to generate a large variety of structurally related compounds, some with altered or different antibacterial mechanisms of action. The FAAL, ACP, and dimodular NRPS genes were used as molecular beacons to identify phylogenetically related BGCs by BLASTp analysis of finished and draft genome sequences. These and other molecular beacons have identified: (i) known, but previously unsequenced lipopeptide BGCs in draft genomes; (ii) a new daptomycin family BGC in a draft genome of Streptomyces sedi; and (iii) novel lipopeptide BGCs in the finished genome of Streptomyces ambofaciens and the draft genome of Streptomyces zhaozhouensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Baltz
- CognoGen Biotechnology Consulting, 7757 Uliva Way, Sarasota, FL 34238, USA
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12
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Yushchuk O, Homoniuk V, Datsiuk Y, Ostash B, Marinelli F, Fedorenko V. Development of a gene expression system for the uncommon actinomycete Actinoplanes rectilineatus NRRL B-16090. J Appl Genet 2020; 61:141-149. [PMID: 31912451 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-019-00534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The urgent need for discovering new bioactive metabolites prompts exploring novel actinobacterial taxa by developing appropriate tools for their genome mining and rational genetic engineering. One promising source of new bioactive natural products is the genus Actinoplanes, a home to filamentous sporangia-forming actinobacteria producing many important specialized metabolites such as teicoplanin, ramoplanin, and acarbose. Here we describe the development of a gene expression system for a new Actinoplanes species, A. rectilineatus (NRRL B-16090), which is a potential producer of moenomycin-like antibiotics. We have determined the optimal conditions for spore formation in A. rectilineatus and a plasmid transfer procedure for its engineering via intergeneric E. coli-A. rectilineatus conjugation. The φC31- and pSG5-based vectors were successfully transferred into A. rectilineatus, but φBT1- and VWB-based vectors were not transferable. Finally, using the glucuronidase reporter system, we assessed the strength of several heterologous promoters for gene expression in A. rectilineatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Yushchuk
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskoho St, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Vitalina Homoniuk
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskoho St, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Yurij Datsiuk
- Department of Physics of Earth, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskoho st, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Bohdan Ostash
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskoho St, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Flavia Marinelli
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Victor Fedorenko
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevskoho St, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine.
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13
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Ogawara H. Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Antibiotic-Producing and Pathogenic Bacteria. Molecules 2019; 24:E3430. [PMID: 31546630 PMCID: PMC6804068 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance poses a tremendous threat to human health. To overcome this problem, it is essential to know the mechanism of antibiotic resistance in antibiotic-producing and pathogenic bacteria. This paper deals with this problem from four points of view. First, the antibiotic resistance genes in producers are discussed related to their biosynthesis. Most resistance genes are present within the biosynthetic gene clusters, but some genes such as paromomycin acetyltransferases are located far outside the gene cluster. Second, when the antibiotic resistance genes in pathogens are compared with those in the producers, resistance mechanisms have dependency on antibiotic classes, and, in addition, new types of resistance mechanisms such as Eis aminoglycoside acetyltransferase and self-sacrifice proteins in enediyne antibiotics emerge in pathogens. Third, the relationships of the resistance genes between producers and pathogens are reevaluated at their amino acid sequence as well as nucleotide sequence levels. Pathogenic bacteria possess other resistance mechanisms than those in antibiotic producers. In addition, resistance mechanisms are little different between early stage of antibiotic use and the present time, e.g., β-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Lastly, guanine + cytosine (GC) barrier in gene transfer to pathogenic bacteria is considered. Now, the resistance genes constitute resistome composed of complicated mixture from divergent environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ogawara
- HO Bio Institute, 33-9, Yushima-2, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 522-1, Noshio-2, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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14
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Natural product drug discovery in the genomic era: realities, conjectures, misconceptions, and opportunities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 46:281-299. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Natural product discovery from microorganisms provided important sources for antibiotics, anti-cancer agents, immune-modulators, anthelminthic agents, and insecticides during a span of 50 years starting in the 1940s, then became less productive because of rediscovery issues, low throughput, and lack of relevant new technologies to unveil less abundant or not easily detected drug-like natural products. In the early 2000s, it was observed from genome sequencing that Streptomyces species encode about ten times as many secondary metabolites as predicted from known secondary metabolomes. This gave rise to a new discovery approach—microbial genome mining. As the cost of genome sequencing dropped, the numbers of sequenced bacteria, fungi and archaea expanded dramatically, and bioinformatic methods were developed to rapidly scan whole genomes for the numbers, types, and novelty of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. This methodology enabled the identification of microbial taxa gifted for the biosynthesis of drug-like secondary metabolites. As genome sequencing technology progressed, the realities relevant to drug discovery have emerged, the conjectures and misconceptions have been clarified, and opportunities to reinvigorate microbial drug discovery have crystallized. This perspective addresses these critical issues for drug discovery.
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15
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Genome guided investigation of antibiotics producing actinomycetales strain isolated from a Macau mangrove ecosystem. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14271. [PMID: 30250135 PMCID: PMC6155160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32076-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinomycetes are a heterogeneous group of gram positive filamentous bacteria that have been found to produce a wide range of valuable bioactive secondary metabolites, particularly antibiotics. Moreover, actinomycetes isolated from unexplored environments show an unprecedented potential to generate novel active compounds. Hence, in order to search for novel antibiotics, we isolated and characterized actinomycetes strains from plant samples collected from a mangrove in Macau. Within the class of actinobacteria, fourteen actinomycetes isolates have been isolated and identified belonging to the genus of Streptomyces, Micromonospora, Mycobacterium, Brevibacterium, Curtobacterium and Kineococcus based on their 16S rRNA sequences. Further whole genome sequencing analysis of one of the isolated Streptomyces sp., which presented 99.13% sequence similarity with Streptomyces parvulus strain 2297, showed that it consisted of 118 scaffolds, 8,348,559 base pairs and had a 72.28% G + C content. In addition, genome-mining revealed that the isolated Streptomyces sp. contains 109 gene clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of known and/or novel secondary metabolites, including different types of terpene, T1pks, T2pks, T3pks, Nrps, indole, siderophore, bacteriocin, thiopeptide, phosphonate, lanthipeptide, ectoine, butyrolactone, T3pks-Nrps, and T1pks-Nrps. Meanwhile, the small molecules present in ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of this strain were analyzed by LC-MS. Predicted secondary metabolites of melanin and desferrioxamine B were identified and both of them were firstly found to be produced by the Streptomyces parvulus strain. Our study highlights that combining genome mining is an efficient method to detect potentially promising natural products from mangrove-derived actinomycetes.
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16
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Ogawara H. Comparison of Strategies to Overcome Drug Resistance: Learning from Various Kingdoms. Molecules 2018; 23:E1476. [PMID: 29912169 PMCID: PMC6100412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance, especially antibiotic resistance, is a growing threat to human health. To overcome this problem, it is significant to know precisely the mechanisms of drug resistance and/or self-resistance in various kingdoms, from bacteria through plants to animals, once more. This review compares the molecular mechanisms of the resistance against phycotoxins, toxins from marine and terrestrial animals, plants and fungi, and antibiotics. The results reveal that each kingdom possesses the characteristic features. The main mechanisms in each kingdom are transporters/efflux pumps in phycotoxins, mutation and modification of targets and sequestration in marine and terrestrial animal toxins, ABC transporters and sequestration in plant toxins, transporters in fungal toxins, and various or mixed mechanisms in antibiotics. Antibiotic producers in particular make tremendous efforts for avoiding suicide, and are more flexible and adaptable to the changes of environments. With these features in mind, potential alternative strategies to overcome these resistance problems are discussed. This paper will provide clues for solving the issues of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ogawara
- HO Bio Institute, Yushima-2, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio-2, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
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17
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Janata J, Kamenik Z, Gazak R, Kadlcik S, Najmanova L. Biosynthesis and incorporation of an alkylproline-derivative (APD) precursor into complex natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7np00047b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the biosynthetic and evolutionary aspects of lincosamide antibiotics, antitumour pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs) and the quorum-sensing molecule hormaomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Janata
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - Z. Kamenik
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - R. Gazak
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - S. Kadlcik
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - L. Najmanova
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
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18
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Baltz RH. Synthetic biology, genome mining, and combinatorial biosynthesis of NRPS-derived antibiotics: a perspective. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 45:635-649. [PMID: 29288438 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Combinatorial biosynthesis of novel secondary metabolites derived from nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) has been in slow development for about a quarter of a century. Progress has been hampered by the complexity of the giant multimodular multienzymes. More recently, advances have been made on understanding the chemical and structural biology of these complex megaenzymes, and on learning the design rules for engineering functional hybrid enzymes. In this perspective, I address what has been learned about successful engineering of complex lipopeptides related to daptomycin, and discuss how synthetic biology and microbial genome mining can converge to broaden the scope and enhance the speed and robustness of combinatorial biosynthesis of NRPS-derived natural products for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Baltz
- CognoGen Biotechnology Consulting, 7636 Andora Drive, Sarasota, FL, 34238, USA.
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19
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Nunn PB, Codd GA. Metabolic solutions to the biosynthesis of some diaminomonocarboxylic acids in nature: Formation in cyanobacteria of the neurotoxins 3-N-methyl-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (BMAA) and 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid (2,4-DAB). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 144:253-270. [PMID: 29059579 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The non-encoded diaminomonocarboxylic acids, 3-N-methyl-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid (syn: α-amino-β-methylaminopropionic acid, MeDAP; β-N-methylaminoalanine, BMAA) and 2,4-diaminobutanoic acid (2,4-DAB), are distributed widely in cyanobacterial species in free and bound forms. Both amino acids are neurotoxic in whole animal and cell-based bioassays. The biosynthetic pathway to 2,4-DAB is well documented in bacteria and in one higher plant species, but has not been confirmed in cyanobacteria. The biosynthetic pathway to BMAA is unknown. This review considers possible metabolic routes, by analogy with reactions used in other species, by which these amino acids might be biosynthesised by cyanobacteria, which are a widespread potential environmental source of these neurotoxins. Where possible, the gene expression that might be implicated in these biosyntheses is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Nunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
| | - Geoffrey A Codd
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK; School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
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20
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Chen R, Zhang Q, Tan B, Zheng L, Li H, Zhu Y, Zhang C. Genome Mining and Activation of a Silent PKS/NRPS Gene Cluster Direct the Production of Totopotensamides. Org Lett 2017; 19:5697-5700. [PMID: 29019409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 92 kb silent hybrid polyketide and nonribosomal peptide gene cluster in marine-derived Streptomyces pactum SCSIO 02999 was activated by genetically manipulating the regulatory genes, including the knockout of two negative regulators (totR5 and totR3) and overexpression of a positive regulator totR1, to direct the production of the known totopotensamides (TPMs) A (1) and B (3) and a novel sulfonate-containing analogue TPM C (2). Inactivation of totG led to accumulation of TPM B (3) lacking the glycosyl moiety, which indicated TotG as a dedicated glycosyltransferase in the biosynthesis of 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Qingbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Liujuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Huixian Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yiguang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Changsheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
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21
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Naughton LM, Romano S, O'Gara F, Dobson ADW. Identification of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters in the Pseudovibrio Genus Reveals Encouraging Biosynthetic Potential toward the Production of Novel Bioactive Compounds. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1494. [PMID: 28868049 PMCID: PMC5563371 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased incidences of antimicrobial resistance and the emergence of pan-resistant ‘superbugs’ have provoked an extreme sense of urgency amongst researchers focusing on the discovery of potentially novel antimicrobial compounds. A strategic shift in focus from the terrestrial to the marine environment has resulted in the discovery of a wide variety of structurally and functionally diverse bioactive compounds from numerous marine sources, including sponges. Bacteria found in close association with sponges and other marine invertebrates have recently gained much attention as potential sources of many of these novel bioactive compounds. Members of the genus Pseudovibrio are one such group of organisms. In this study, we interrogate the genomes of 21 Pseudovibrio strains isolated from a variety of marine sources, for the presence, diversity and distribution of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). We expand on results obtained from antiSMASH analysis to demonstrate the similarity between the Pseudovibrio-related BGCs and those characterized in other bacteria and corroborate our findings with phylogenetic analysis. We assess how domain organization of the most abundant type of BGCs present among the isolates (Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases and Polyketide synthases) may influence the diversity of compounds produced by these organisms and highlight for the first time the potential for novel compound production from this genus of bacteria, using a genome guided approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Naughton
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of IrelandCork, Ireland
| | - Stefano Romano
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Fergal O'Gara
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, PerthWA, Australia.,BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of IrelandCork, Ireland
| | - Alan D W Dobson
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of IrelandCork, Ireland
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22
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Paul S, Ishida H, Nguyen LT, Liu Z, Vogel HJ. Structural and dynamic characterization of a freestanding acyl carrier protein involved in the biosynthesis of cyclic lipopeptide antibiotics. Protein Sci 2017; 26:946-959. [PMID: 28187530 PMCID: PMC5405426 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Friulimicin is a cyclic lipodecapeptide antibiotic that is produced by Actinoplanes friuliensis. Similar to the related lipopeptide drug daptomycin, the peptide skeleton of friulimicin is synthesized by a large multienzyme nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) system. The LipD protein plays a major role in the acylation reaction of friulimicin. The attachment of the fatty acid group promotes its antibiotic activity. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that LipD is most closely related to other freestanding acyl carrier proteins (ACPs), for which the genes are located near to NRPS gene clusters. Here, we report that the solution NMR structure of apo-LipD is very similar to other four-helix bundle forming ACPs from fatty acid synthase (FAS), polyketide synthase, and NRPS systems. By recording NMR dynamics data, we found that the backbone motions in holo-LipD are more restricted than in apo-LipD due to the attachment of phosphopantetheine moiety. This enhanced stability of holo-LipD was also observed in differential scanning calorimetry experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, unlike several other ACPs, the folding of LipD does not depend on the presence of divalent cations, although the presence of Mg2+ or Ca2+ can increase the protein stability. We propose that small structural rearrangements in the tertiary structure of holo-LipD which lead to the enhanced stability are important for the cognate enzyme recognition for the acylation reaction. Our results also highlight the different surface charges of LipD and FAS-ACP from A. friuliensis that would allow the acyl-CoA ligase to interact preferentially with the LipD instead of binding to the FAS-ACP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Paul
- Biochemistry Research GroupDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Hiroaki Ishida
- Biochemistry Research GroupDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Leonard T. Nguyen
- Biochemistry Research GroupDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Biochemistry Research GroupDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Hans J. Vogel
- Biochemistry Research GroupDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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23
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Moutiez M, Belin P, Gondry M. Aminoacyl-tRNA-Utilizing Enzymes in Natural Product Biosynthesis. Chem Rev 2017; 117:5578-5618. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Moutiez
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the
Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Pascal Belin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the
Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Muriel Gondry
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the
Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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24
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Mnif I, Ghribi D. Review lipopeptides biosurfactants: Mean classes and new insights for industrial, biomedical, and environmental applications. Biopolymers 2016; 104:129-47. [PMID: 25808118 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipopeptides are microbial surface active compounds produced by a wide variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast. They are characterized by high structural diversity and have the ability to decrease the surface and interfacial tension at the surface and interface, respectively. Surfactin, iturin, and fengycin of Bacillus subtilis are among the most popular lipopeptides. Lipopepetides can be applied in diverse domains as food and cosmetic industries for their emulsification/de-emulsification capacity, dispersing, foaming, moisturizing, and dispersing properties. Also, they are qualified as viscosity reducers, hydrocarbon solubilizing and mobilizing agents, and metal sequestering candidates for application in environment and bioremediation. Moreover, their ability to form pores and destabilize biological membrane permits their use as antimicrobial, hemolytic, antiviral, antitumor, and insecticide agents. Furthermore, lipopeptides can act at the surface and can modulate enzymes activity permitting the enhancement of the activity of certain enzymes ameliorating microbial process or the inhibition of certain other enzymes permitting their use as antifungal agents. This article will present a detailed classification of lipopeptides biosurfactant along with their producing strain and biological activities and will discuss their functional properties and related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Mnif
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia.,Unit Enzymes and Bioconversion, National School of Engineers, Tunisia
| | - Dhouha Ghribi
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia.,Unit Enzymes and Bioconversion, National School of Engineers, Tunisia
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Sharma K, Mishra AK, Mehraj V, Duraisamy GS. Advances and applications of molecular cloning in clinical microbiology. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2015; 30:65-78. [PMID: 25023463 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2014.921501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Molecular cloning is based on isolation of a DNA sequence of interest to obtain multiple copies of it in vitro. Application of this technique has become an increasingly important tool in clinical microbiology due to its simplicity, cost effectiveness, rapidity, and reliability. This review entails the recent advances in molecular cloning and its application in the clinical microbiology in the context of polymicrobial infections, recombinant antigens, recombinant vaccines, diagnostic probes, antimicrobial peptides, and recombinant cytokines. Culture-based methods in polymicrobial infection have many limitation, which has been overcome by cloning techniques and provide gold standard technique. Recombinant antigens produced by cloning technique are now being used for screening of HIV, HCV, HBV, CMV, Treponema pallidum, and other clinical infectious agents. Recombinant vaccines for hepatitis B, cholera, influenza A, and other diseases also use recombinant antigens which have replaced the use of live vaccines and thus reduce the risk for adverse effects. Gene probes developed by gene cloning have many applications including in early diagnosis of hereditary diseases, forensic investigations, and routine diagnosis. Industrial application of this technology produces new antibiotics in the form of antimicrobial peptides and recombinant cytokines that can be used as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Sharma
- a Faculty of Agrobiology, Department of Genetics and Breeding , Czech University of Life Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
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26
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Fu C, Keller L, Bauer A, Brönstrup M, Froidbise A, Hammann P, Herrmann J, Mondesert G, Kurz M, Schiell M, Schummer D, Toti L, Wink J, Müller R. Biosynthetic Studies of Telomycin Reveal New Lipopeptides with Enhanced Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7692-705. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhang Fu
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz
Centre for Infection Research, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Building C 2.3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Lena Keller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz
Centre for Infection Research, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Building C 2.3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Armin Bauer
- R&D LGCR, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- German Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- R&D LGCR, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexandre Froidbise
- TSU Infectious Diseases, Sanofi R&D, 195 Route d‘Espagne, 31036 Toulouse, France
| | - Peter Hammann
- R&D TSU Infectious Diseases, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz
Centre for Infection Research, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Building C 2.3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guillaume Mondesert
- TSU Infectious Diseases, Sanofi R&D, 195 Route d‘Espagne, 31036 Toulouse, France
| | - Michael Kurz
- R&D LGCR, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias Schiell
- R&D LGCR, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schummer
- R&D LGCR, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Luigi Toti
- R&D LGCR, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joachim Wink
- R&D LGCR, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz
Centre for Infection Research, and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Building C 2.3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Development of cultivation strategies for friulimicin production in Actinoplanes friuliensis. J Biotechnol 2015; 195:52-9. [PMID: 25541462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Actinoplanes friuliensis is a rare actinomycete which produces the highly potent lipopeptide antibiotic friulimicin. This lipopeptide antibiotic is active against a broad range of multi-resistant gram-positive bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Enterococcus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus (MRE, MRSA) strains. Antibiotic biosynthesis and regulation in actinomycetes is very complex. In order to study the biosynthesis of these species and to develop efficient production processes, standardized cultivation conditions are a prerequisite. For this reason a chemically defined production medium for A. friuliensis was developed. With this chemically defined medium it was possible to analyze the influence of medium components on growth and antibiotic biosynthesis. These findings were used to develop process strategies for friulimicin production. The focus of the project presented here was to develop cultivation strategies which included fed-batch and continuous cultivation processes. In fed-batch processes, volumetric productivities for friulimicin of 1-2 mg/l h were achieved. In a perfusion process, a very simple cell retention system, which works via sedimentation of the mycelial cell pellets, was used. With this system, stable continuous cultivations with cell retention were dependent on the dilution rate. With a dilution rate of 0.05 h(-1), cell retention worked well and volumetric productivity of friulimicin was enhanced to 3-5 mg/l h. With a higher dilution rate of 0.1 h(-1), friulimicin production ceased because cell retention was not possible any longer with this simple cell retention system. In order to support process development, cultivation data were used to characterize metabolic fluxes in the developed friulimicin production processes.
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Baltz RH. Combinatorial biosynthesis of cyclic lipopeptide antibiotics: a model for synthetic biology to accelerate the evolution of secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways. ACS Synth Biol 2014; 3:748-58. [PMID: 23654258 DOI: 10.1021/sb3000673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are giant multi-enzymes that carry out sequencial assembly line couplings of amino acids to generate linear or cyclic peptides. NRPSs are composed of repeating enzyme domains with modular organization to activate and couple specific amino acids in a particular order. From a synthetic biology perspective, they can be considered as peptide assembly machines composed of devices to couple fatty acids to l-amino acids, l-amino acids to l-amino acids, and d-amino acids to l-amino acids. The coupling devices are composed of specific parts that contain two or more enzyme domains that can be exchanged combinatorially to generate novel peptide assembly machines to produce novel peptides. The potent lipopeptide antibiotics daptomycin and A54145E have identical cyclic depsipeptide ring structures and stereochemistry but have divergent amino acid sequences. As their biosynthetic gene clusters are derived from an ancient ancestral lipopetide pathway, these lipopeptides provided an attractive model to develop combinatorial biosynthesis to generate antibiotics superior to daptomycin. These studies on combinatorial biosynthesis have helped generate guidelines for the successful assembly of NRPS parts and devices that can be used to generate novel lipopeptide structures and have established a basis for future synthetic biology studies to further develop combinatorial biosynthesis as a robust approach to natural product drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H. Baltz
- CognoGen Biotechnology Consulting, 6438 North Olney Street, Indianapolis,
Indiana 46220, United States
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Fernández J, Marín L, Alvarez-Alonso R, Redondo S, Carvajal J, Villamizar G, Villar CJ, Lombó F. Biosynthetic modularity rules in the bisintercalator family of antitumor compounds. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2668-99. [PMID: 24821625 PMCID: PMC4052310 DOI: 10.3390/md12052668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse actinomycetes produce a family of structurally and biosynthetically related non-ribosomal peptide compounds which belong to the chromodepsipeptide family. These compounds act as bisintercalators into the DNA helix. They give rise to antitumor, antiparasitic, antibacterial and antiviral bioactivities. These compounds show a high degree of conserved modularity (chromophores, number and type of amino acids). This modularity and their high sequence similarities at the genetic level imply a common biosynthetic origin for these pathways. Here, we describe insights about rules governing this modular biosynthesis, taking advantage of the fact that nowadays five of these gene clusters have been made public (thiocoraline, triostin, SW-163 and echinomycin/quinomycin). This modularity has potential application for designing and producing novel genetic engineered derivatives, as well as for developing new chemical synthesis strategies. These would facilitate their clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Laura Marín
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Raquel Alvarez-Alonso
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Saúl Redondo
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Juan Carvajal
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Germán Villamizar
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Claudio J Villar
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Research Group BITTEN, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 7, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
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Rückert C, Szczepanowski R, Albersmeier A, Goesmann A, Fischer N, Steinkämper A, Pühler A, Biener R, Schwartz D, Kalinowski J. Complete genome sequence of the actinobacterium Actinoplanes friuliensis HAG 010964, producer of the lipopeptide antibiotic friulimycin. J Biotechnol 2014; 178:41-2. [PMID: 24637369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Actinoplanes friuliensis HAG 010964 (DSM 7358) was isolated from a soil sample from the Friuli region in Italy and characterized as a producer of the antibiotic friulimycin. The complete genome sequence includes genomic information of secondary metabolite biosynthesis and of its lifestyle. Genbank/EMBL/DDBJ Accession Nr: CP006272 (chromosome).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rückert
- Technology Platform Genomics, Centrum für Biotechnologie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rafael Szczepanowski
- Technology Platform Genomics, Centrum für Biotechnologie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Albersmeier
- Technology Platform Genomics, Centrum für Biotechnologie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alexander Goesmann
- Bioinformatics Resource Facility, Centrum für Biotechnologie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Nicole Fischer
- University of Applied Sciences Esslingen, Department of Natural Sciences, Kanalstrasse 33, 73728 Esslingen, Germany
| | - Anne Steinkämper
- University of Applied Sciences Esslingen, Department of Natural Sciences, Kanalstrasse 33, 73728 Esslingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Pühler
- Senior Research Group, Genome Research of Industrial Microorganisms, Centrum für Biotechnologie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Richard Biener
- University of Applied Sciences Esslingen, Department of Natural Sciences, Kanalstrasse 33, 73728 Esslingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schwartz
- University of Applied Sciences Esslingen, Department of Natural Sciences, Kanalstrasse 33, 73728 Esslingen, Germany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Technology Platform Genomics, Centrum für Biotechnologie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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31
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Baltz RH. MbtH homology codes to identify gifted microbes for genome mining. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:357-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Advances in DNA sequencing technologies have made it possible to sequence large numbers of microbial genomes rapidly and inexpensively. In recent years, genome sequencing initiatives have demonstrated that actinomycetes with large genomes generally have the genetic potential to produce many secondary metabolites, most of which remain cryptic. Since the numbers of new and novel pathways vary considerably among actinomycetes, and the correct assembly of secondary metabolite pathways containing type I polyketide synthase or nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes is costly and time consuming, it would be advantageous to have simple genetic predictors for the number and potential novelty of secondary metabolite pathways in targeted microorganisms. For secondary metabolite pathways that utilize NRPS mechanisms, the small chaperone-like proteins related to MbtH encoded by Mycobacterium tuberculosis offer unique probes or beacons to identify gifted microbes encoding large numbers of diverse NRPS pathways because of their unique function(s) and small size. The small size of the mbtH-homolog genes makes surveying large numbers of genomes straight-forward with less than ten-fold sequencing coverage. Multiple MbtH orthologs and paralogs have been coupled to generate a 24-mer multiprobe to assign numerical codes to individual MbtH homologs by BLASTp analysis. This multiprobe can be used to identify gifted microbes encoding new and novel secondary metabolites for further focused exploration by extensive DNA sequencing, pathway assembly and annotation, and expression studies in homologous or heterologous hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Baltz
- CognoGen Biotechnology Consulting 7636 Andora Drive 34238 Sarasota FL USA
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Kadlčík S, Kučera T, Chalupská D, Gažák R, Koběrská M, Ulanová D, Kopecký J, Kutejová E, Najmanová L, Janata J. Adaptation of an L-proline adenylation domain to use 4-propyl-L-proline in the evolution of lincosamide biosynthesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84902. [PMID: 24386435 PMCID: PMC3874040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically used lincosamide antibiotic lincomycin incorporates in its structure 4-propyl-L-proline (PPL), an unusual amino acid, while celesticetin, a less efficient related compound, makes use of proteinogenic L-proline. Biochemical characterization, as well as phylogenetic analysis and homology modelling combined with the molecular dynamics simulation were employed for complex comparative analysis of the orthologous protein pair LmbC and CcbC from the biosynthesis of lincomycin and celesticetin, respectively. The analysis proved the compared proteins to be the stand-alone adenylation domains strictly preferring their own natural substrate, PPL or L-proline. The LmbC substrate binding pocket is adapted to accomodate a rare PPL precursor. When compared with L-proline specific ones, several large amino acid residues were replaced by smaller ones opening a channel which allowed the alkyl side chain of PPL to be accommodated. One of the most important differences, that of the residue corresponding to V306 in CcbC changing to G308 in LmbC, was investigated in vitro and in silico. Moreover, the substrate binding pocket rearrangement also allowed LmbC to effectively adenylate 4-butyl-L-proline and 4-pentyl-L-proline, substrates with even longer alkyl side chains, producing more potent lincosamides. A shift of LmbC substrate specificity appears to be an integral part of biosynthetic pathway adaptation to the PPL acquisition. A set of genes presumably coding for the PPL biosynthesis is present in the lincomycin - but not in the celesticetin cluster; their homologs are found in biosynthetic clusters of some pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBD) and hormaomycin. Whereas in the PBD and hormaomycin pathways the arising precursors are condensed to another amino acid moiety, the LmbC protein is the first functionally proved part of a unique condensation enzyme connecting PPL to the specialized amino sugar building unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kadlčík
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kučera
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Chalupská
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Gažák
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Koběrská
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Ulanová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecký
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kutejová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovac Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucie Najmanová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Janata
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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Walsh CT, O'Brien RV, Khosla C. Nonproteinogenic amino acid building blocks for nonribosomal peptide and hybrid polyketide scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7098-124. [PMID: 23729217 PMCID: PMC4634941 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Freestanding nonproteinogenic amino acids have long been recognized for their antimetabolite properties and tendency to be uncovered to reactive functionalities by the catalytic action of target enzymes. By installing them regiospecifically into biogenic peptides and proteins, it may be possible to usher a new era at the interface between small molecule and large molecule medicinal chemistry. Site-selective protein functionalization offers uniquely attractive strategies for posttranslational modification of proteins. Last, but not least, many of the amino acids not selected by nature for protein incorporation offer rich architectural possibilities in the context of ribosomally derived polypeptides. This Review summarizes the biosynthetic routes to and metabolic logic for the major classes of the noncanonical amino acid building blocks that end up in both nonribosomal peptide frameworks and in hybrid nonribosomal peptide-polyketide scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Walsh
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Mapping gene clusters within arrayed metagenomic libraries to expand the structural diversity of biomedically relevant natural products. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:11797-802. [PMID: 23824289 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1222159110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex microbial ecosystems contain large reservoirs of unexplored biosynthetic diversity. Here we provide an experimental framework and data analysis tool to facilitate the targeted discovery of natural-product biosynthetic gene clusters from the environment. Multiplex sequencing of barcoded PCR amplicons is followed by sequence similarity directed data parsing to identify sequences bearing close resemblance to biosynthetically or biomedically interesting gene clusters. Amplicons are then mapped onto arrayed metagenomic libraries to guide the recovery of targeted gene clusters. When applied to adenylation- and ketosynthase-domain amplicons derived from saturating soil DNA libraries, our analysis pipeline led to the recovery of biosynthetic clusters predicted to encode for previously uncharacterized glycopeptide- and lipopeptide-like antibiotics; thiocoraline-, azinomycin-, and bleomycin-like antitumor agents; and a rapamycin-like immunosuppressant. The utility of the approach is demonstrated by using recovered eDNA sequences to generate glycopeptide derivatives. The experiments described here constitute a systematic interrogation of a soil metagenome for gene clusters capable of encoding naturally occurring derivatives of biomedically relevant natural products. Our results show that previously undetected biosynthetic gene clusters with potential biomedical relevance are very common in the environment. This general process should permit the routine screening of environmental samples for gene clusters capable of encoding the systematic expansion of the structural diversity seen in biomedically relevant families of natural products.
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Walsh CT, O'Brien RV, Khosla C. Nichtproteinogene Aminosäurebausteine für Peptidgerüste aus nichtribosomalen Peptiden und hybriden Polyketiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Subramoni S, Agnoli K, Eberl L, Lewenza S, Sokol PA. Role of Burkholderia cenocepacia afcE and afcF genes in determining lipid-metabolism-associated phenotypes. Microbiology (Reading) 2013; 159:603-614. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.064683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha Subramoni
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsty Agnoli
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shawn Lewenza
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pamela A. Sokol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Fyans JK, Bignell D, Loria R, Toth I, Palmer T. The ESX/type VII secretion system modulates development, but not virulence, of the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2013; 14:119-30. [PMID: 23009676 PMCID: PMC6638804 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2012.00835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Streptomyces scabies is a model organism for the investigation of plant-microbe interactions in Gram-positive bacteria. Here, we investigate the type VII protein secretion system (T7SS) in S. scabies; the T7SS is required for the virulence of other Gram-positive bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus. The hallmarks of a functional T7SS are an EccC protein that forms an essential component of the secretion apparatus and two small, sequence-related substrate proteins, EsxA and EsxB. A putative transmembrane protein, EccD, may also be associated with T7S in Actinobacteria. In this study, we constructed strains of the plant pathogen S. scabies carrying marked mutations in genes coding for EccC, EccD, EsxA and EsxB. Unexpectedly, we showed that all four mutant strains retain full virulence towards several plant hosts. However, disruption of the esxA or esxB, but not eccC or eccD, genes affects S. scabies development, including a delay in sporulation, abnormal spore chains and resistance to lysis by the Streptomyces-specific phage ϕC31. We further showed that these phenotypes are specific to the loss of the T7SS substrate proteins EsxA and EsxB, and are not observed when components of the T7SS secretion machinery are lacking. Taken together, these results imply an unexpected intracellular role for EsxA and EsxB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Fyans
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
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Tromans DR, Stevenson CEM, Goss RJM, Lawson DM. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Pac17 from the pacidamycin-biosynthetic cluster of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:971-4. [PMID: 22869135 PMCID: PMC3412786 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309112029144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pac17 is an uncharacterized protein from the pacidamycin gene cluster of the soil bacterium Streptomyces coeruleorubidus. It is implicated in the biosynthesis of the core diaminobutyric acid residue of the antibiotic, although its precise role is uncertain at present. Given that pacidamycins inhibit translocase I of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a clinically unexploited antibiotic target, they offer new hope in the search for antibacterial agents directed against this important pathogen. Crystals of Pac17 were grown by vapour diffusion and X-ray data were collected at a synchrotron to a resolution of 1.9 Å from a single crystal. The crystal belonged to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 214.12, b = 70.88, c = 142.22 Å, β = 92.96°. Preliminary analysis of these data suggests that the asymmetric unit consists of one Pac17 homotetramer, with an estimated solvent content of 49.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Tromans
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, England
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39
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Liao G, Shi T, Xie J. Regulation mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of daptomycin and related lipopeptides. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:735-41. [PMID: 22020738 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotics used to treat Gram-positive pathogens infections, including drug-resistant strains. In-depth exploration of its biosynthesis and regulation is crucial for metabolic engineering improvement of this ever-increasing important antibiotic. The past years have witnessed the significant progresses in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis and regulation of daptomycin. This information was updated in our review, with special focus on the regulatory network integrating a wide variety of physiological and environmental inputs. This should provide novel insight into the regulatory mechanism of biosynthesis of daptomycin and nodes for strain improvement to increase the yields of daptomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojian Liao
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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40
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Enkh-Amgalan J, Komaki H, Daram D, Ando K, Tsetseg B. Diversity of nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase genes in the genus Actinoplanes found in Mongolia. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 65:103-8. [PMID: 22167156 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Function of MbtH homologs in nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis and applications in secondary metabolite discovery. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 38:1747-60. [PMID: 21826462 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-1022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes mycobactin, a peptide siderophore that is biosynthesized by a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) mechanism. Within the mycobactin biosynthetic gene cluster is a gene that encodes a 71-amino-acid protein MbtH. Many other NRPS gene clusters harbor mbtH homologs, and recent genetic, biochemical, and structural studies have begun to shed light on the function(s) of these proteins. In some cases, MbtH-like proteins are required for biosynthesis of their cognate peptides, and non-cognate MbtH-like proteins have been shown to be partially complementary. Biochemical studies revealed that certain MbtH-like proteins participate in tight binding to NRPS proteins containing adenylation (A) domains where they stimulate adenylation reactions. Expression of MbtH-like proteins is important for a number of applications, including optimal production of native and genetically engineered secondary metabolites produced by mechanisms that employ NRPS enzymes. They also may serve as beacons to identify gifted actinomycetes and possibly other bacteria that encode multiple functional NRPS pathways for discovery of novel secondary metabolites by genome mining.
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Mann S, Lombard B, Loew D, Méjean A, Ploux O. Insights into the Reaction Mechanism of the Prolyl–Acyl Carrier Protein Oxidase Involved in Anatoxin-a and Homoanatoxin-a Biosynthesis. Biochemistry 2011; 50:7184-97. [DOI: 10.1021/bi200892a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Mann
- Laboratoire
Charles Friedel,
Chimie ParisTech, ENSCP, 11 rue Pierre
et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005
Paris, France
| | - Bérangère Lombard
- Laboratory of Proteomic Mass
Spectrometry, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Laboratory of Proteomic Mass
Spectrometry, Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Annick Méjean
- Laboratoire
Charles Friedel,
Chimie ParisTech, ENSCP, 11 rue Pierre
et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005
Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Ploux
- Laboratoire
Charles Friedel,
Chimie ParisTech, ENSCP, 11 rue Pierre
et Marie Curie, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005
Paris, France
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43
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Höfer I, Crüsemann M, Radzom M, Geers B, Flachshaar D, Cai X, Zeeck A, Piel J. Insights into the biosynthesis of hormaomycin, an exceptionally complex bacterial signaling metabolite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 18:381-91. [PMID: 21439483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hormaomycin produced by Streptomyces griseoflavus is a structurally highly modified depsipeptide that contains several unique building blocks with cyclopropyl, nitro, and chlorine moieties. Within the genus Streptomyces, it acts as a bacterial hormone that induces morphological differentiation and the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. In addition, hormaomycin is an extremely potent narrow-spectrum antibiotic. In this study, we shed light on hormaomycin biosynthesis by a combination of feeding studies, isolation of the biosynthetic nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster, and in vivo and in vitro functional analysis of enzymes. In addition, several nonnatural hormaomycin congeners were generated by feeding-induced metabolic rerouting. The NRPS contains numerous highly repetitive regions that suggest an evolutionary scenario for this unusual bacterial hormone, providing new opportunities for evolution-inspired metabolic engineering of novel nonribosomal peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Höfer
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
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Rackham EJ, Grüschow S, Goss RJM. Revealing the first uridyl peptide antibiotic biosynthetic gene cluster and probing pacidamycin biosynthesis. Bioeng Bugs 2011; 2:218-21. [PMID: 21829097 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.4.15877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new antibiotics with resistance continuing to emerge toward existing classes. The pacidamycin antibiotics possess a novel scaffold and exhibit unexploited bioactivity rendering them attractive research targets. We recently reported the first identification of a biosynthetic cluster encoding uridyl peptide antibiotic assembly and the engineering of pacidamycin biosynthesis into a heterologous host. We report here our methods toward identifying the biosynthetic cluster. Our initial experiments employed conventional methods of probing a cosmid library using PCR and Southern blotting, however it became necessary to adopt a state-of-the-art genome scanning and in silico hybridization approach to pin point the cluster. Here we describe our "real" and "virtual" probing methods and contrast the benefits and pitfalls of each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Rackham
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Molecular cloning and identification of the laspartomycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces viridochromogenes. Gene 2011; 483:11-21. [PMID: 21640802 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthetic gene cluster for laspartomycins, a family of 11 amino acid peptide antibiotics, has been cloned and sequenced from Streptomyces viridochromogenes ATCC 29814. Annotation of a segment of 88912bp of S. viridochromogenes genomic sequence revealed the putative lpm cluster and its flanking regions which harbor 43 open reading frames. The lpm cluster, which spans approximately 60 kb, consists of 21 open reading frames. Those include four NRPS genes (lpmA/orf18, lpmB/orf25, lpmC/orf26 and lpmD/orf27), four genes (orfs 21, 22, 24 and 29) involved in the lipid tail biosynthesis and attachment, four regulatory genes (orfs 13, 19, 32 and 33) and three putative exporters or self-resistance genes (orfs 14, 20 and 30). In addition, the gene involved in the biosynthesis of the nonproteinogenic amino acid Pip was also identified in the lpm cluster while the genes necessary for the biosynthesis of the rare residue diaminopropionic acid (Dap) were found to reside elsewhere on the chromosome. Interestingly, the dabA, dabB and dabC genes predicted to code for the biosynthesis of the unusual amino acid diaminobutyric acid (Dab) are organized into the lpm cluster even though the Dab residue was not found in the laspartomycins. Disruption of the NRPS lpmC gene completely abolished laspartomycin production in the corresponding mutant strain. These findings will allow molecular engineering and combinatorial biosynthesis approaches to expand the structural diversity of the amphomycin-group peptide antibiotics including the laspartomycins and friulimicins.
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46
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Investigation of the biosynthesis of the pipecolate moiety of neuroprotective polyketide meridamycin. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 64:533-8. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kaysser L, Tang X, Wemakor E, Sedding K, Hennig S, Siebenberg S, Gust B. Identification of a Napsamycin Biosynthesis Gene Cluster by Genome Mining. Chembiochem 2010; 12:477-87. [PMID: 21290549 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Kaysser
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Pharmazeutische Biologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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48
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Rackham EJ, Grüschow S, Ragab AE, Dickens S, Goss RJM. Pacidamycin biosynthesis: identification and heterologous expression of the first uridyl peptide antibiotic gene cluster. Chembiochem 2010; 11:1700-9. [PMID: 20665770 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The pacidamycins are antimicrobial nucleoside antibiotics produced by Streptomyces coeruleorubidus that inhibit translocase I, an essential bacterial enzyme yet to be clinically targeted. The novel pacidamycin scaffold is composed of a pseudopeptide backbone linked by a unique exocyclic enamide to an atypical 3'-deoxyuridine nucleoside. In addition, the peptidyl chain undergoes a double inversion caused by the incorporation of a diamino acid residue and a rare internal ureido moiety. The pacidamycin gene cluster was identified and sequenced, thereby providing the first example of a biosynthetic cluster for a member of the uridyl peptide family of antibiotics. Analysis of the 22 ORFs provided an insight into the biosynthesis of the unique structural features of the pacidamycins. Heterologous expression in Streptomyces lividans resulted in the production of pacidamycin D and the newly identified pacidamycin S, thus confirming the identity of the pacidamycin biosynthetic gene cluster. Identification of this cluster will enable the generation of new uridyl peptide antibiotics through combinatorial biosynthesis. The concise cluster will provide a useful model system through which to gain a fundamental understanding of the way in which nonribosomal peptide synthetases interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Rackham
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Earlham Road, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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Identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the pacidamycin group of peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:16828-33. [PMID: 20826445 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1011557107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pacidamycins are a family of uridyl tetra/pentapeptide antibiotics that act on the translocase MraY to block bacterial cell wall assembly. To elucidate the biosynthetic logic of pacidamcyins, a putative gene cluster was identified by 454 shotgun genome sequencing of the producer Streptomyces coeruleorubidus NRRL 18370. The 31-kb gene cluster encodes 22 proteins (PacA-V), including highly dissociated nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) modules and a variety of tailoring enzymes. Gene deletions confirmed that two NRPSs, PacP and PacO, are required for the biosynthesis of pacidamycins. Heterologous expression and in vitro assays of PacL, PacO, and PacP established reversible formation of m-Tyr-AMP, l-Ala-AMP, and diaminopropionyl-AMP, respectively, consistent with the amino acids found in pacidamycin scaffolds. The unusual Ala(4)-Phe(5) dipeptidyl ureido linkage was formed during in vitro assays containing purified PacL, PacJ, PacN, and PacO. Both the genetic and enzymatic studies validate identification of the biosynthetic genes for this subclass of uridyl peptide antibiotics and provide the basis for future mechanistic study of their biosynthesis.
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50
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Kim JH, Feng Z, Bauer JD, Kallifidas D, Calle PY, Brady SF. Cloning large natural product gene clusters from the environment: piecing environmental DNA gene clusters back together with TAR. Biopolymers 2010; 93:833-44. [PMID: 20577994 PMCID: PMC2895911 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A single gram of soil can contain thousands of unique bacterial species, of which only a small fraction is regularly cultured in the laboratory. Although the fermentation of cultured microorganisms has provided access to numerous bioactive secondary metabolites, with these same methods it is not possible to characterize the natural products encoded by the uncultured majority. The heterologous expression of biosynthetic gene clusters cloned from DNA extracted directly from environmental samples (eDNA) has the potential to provide access to the chemical diversity encoded in the genomes of uncultured bacteria. One of the challenges facing this approach has been that many natural product biosynthetic gene clusters are too large to be readily captured on a single fragment of cloned eDNA. The reassembly of large eDNA-derived natural product gene clusters from collections of smaller overlapping clones represents one potential solution to this problem. Unfortunately, traditional methods for the assembly of large DNA sequences from multiple overlapping clones can be technically challenging. Here we present a general experimental framework that permits the recovery of large natural product biosynthetic gene clusters on overlapping soil-derived eDNA cosmid clones and the reassembly of these large gene clusters using transformation-associated recombination (TAR) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The development of practical methods for the rapid assembly of biosynthetic gene clusters from collections of overlapping eDNA clones is an important step toward being able to functionally study larger natural product gene clusters from uncultured bacteria. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 93: 833–844, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Kim
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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