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Guerreiro Martins NB, Robles MDR, Knoff M, Navone GT, Callejón R. Rodentolepis microstoma isolated from different species of Sigmodontinae rodents (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in the Cuenca del Plata, Argentina: Morphological aspects and molecular characterization. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 19:56-67. [PMID: 36043155 PMCID: PMC9420344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to study specimens of the genus Rodentolepis isolated from eight species of Sigmodontinae rodents (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from six provinces in the Cuenca del Plata, Argentina, based on morphological, morphometric and molecular characteristics (ITS1 rDNA and cox1 mtDNA). The genetic distances among studied specimens and other Hymenolepididae from rodents available in the GenBank were analyzed and phylogenetic inferences were provided. A total of 955 specimens of Sigmodontinae rodents were examined from seven localities of six provinces in the Cuenca del Plata region in Argentina. Tapeworms were removed from the rodents’ small intestines. Conventional studies were used for the morphological and molecular analysis. Specimens of R. microstoma were identified. An amended diagnosis and detailed morphological description of this species is provided. The molecular analyses showed that the specimens studied form the same clade as that of R. microstoma previously studied from other hosts and regions. The genetic polymorphisms of R. microstoma observed corresponded to different groups of species hosts and regions. Moreover, eight species of sigmodontine rodents and 33 localities from the Cuenca del Plata region in Argentina constitute new host and geographical records. This study shows the importance of using integrative taxonomic approaches that combine morphological and molecular characters to understand biological diversity. Moreover, the discovery of R. microstoma in humans suggests the importance of further studies on this zoonotic cestode. This study provides important data on the taxonomy and distribution of R. microstoma to advance knowledge of the transmission dynamics of this parasite. Rodentolepis microstoma is recorded parasitizing Sigmodontinae rodents in Argentina. Morphological variations are observed in R. microstoma between host species and areas. Amended diagnosis of Rodentolepis microstoma is provided. Phylogenetic inferences of Hymenolepididae from rodents are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Beatriz Guerreiro Martins
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), Bv 120 e/ 60 y 64, (1900). CCT- CONICET- La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Corresponding author.
| | - María del Rosario Robles
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), Bv 120 e/ 60 y 64, (1900). CCT- CONICET- La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Knoff
- Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Graciela Teresa Navone
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), Bv 120 e/ 60 y 64, (1900). CCT- CONICET- La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocío Callejón
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Hymenolepis diminuta Infection in a Romanian Child from an Urban Area. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11030322. [PMID: 35335646 PMCID: PMC8953249 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hymenolepis diminuta is primarily a rodent parasite that is ubiquitously distributed worldwide, but with only a few cases described as human infections. We report a case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a 15-month-old child, living in an urban setting, with no previous medical history. The patient presented with two episodes of seizures, and complaints of abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea, with no apparent history of rodent contact. Furthermore, the patient’s gastrointestinal symptoms were linked to the emission of suspected tapeworm proglottids in the feces. After excluding other possible etiologies, a diagnosis of Hymenolepis diminuta infection was made, based on the examination of characteristic eggs in a concentrated stool specimen. The infant was successfully treated with praziquantel and fully recovered. After two weeks, the stool sample was free of Hymenolepis diminuta eggs. The clinical follow-up over the next 3 years was normal. Hymenolepis diminuta is rarely found in humans, and, when present, the infection is frequently asymptomatic. Abdominal pain, irritability, itching, eosinophilia, and seizures have also been reported. In this paper, we report, for the first time in the literature, an infection with Hymenolepis diminuta in a Romanian infant who had atypical neurological presentation, with full recovery, without subsequent neurological sequelae.
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Comparative Comprehensive Analysis on Natural Infections of Hymenolepis Diminuta and Hymenolepis Nana in Commensal Rodents. Helminthologia 2021; 58:248-262. [PMID: 34934388 PMCID: PMC8647958 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2021-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This first comprehensive report from Punjab province of India relates to patho-physiological alterations alongwith morpho-molecular characterisation and risk assessment of natural infections of Hymenolepis diminuta and Hymenolepis nana in 291commensal rodents including house rat, Rattus rattus (n=201) and lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bangalensis (n=90). Small intestine of 53.61 and 64.95 % rats was found infected with H. diminuta and H. nana, respectively with a concurrent infection rate of 50.86 %. There was no association between male and female rats and H. diminuta and H. nana infections (ᵡ2 = 0.016 and 0.08, respectively, d.f.= 1, P>0.05), while the host age had significant effect on prevalence of H. diminuta and H. nana (ᵡ2 = 28.12 and 7.18, respectively, d.f.= 1, P≤0.05) infection. Examination of faecal samples and intestinal contents revealed globular shaped eggs of H. diminuta without polar filaments (76.50 ± 3.01μm x 67.62 ± 2.42 μm), while smaller sized oval eggs of H. nana were with 4 – 8 polar filaments (47.87 ± 1.95 μm x 36.12 ± 3.05 μm). Cestode infection caused enteritis, sloughing of intestinal mucosa, necrosis of villi and inflammatory reaction with infiltration of mononuclear cells in the mucosa and submucosa. Morphometric identification of the adult cestodes recovered from the intestinal lumen was confirmed by molecular characterisation based on nuclear ITS-2 loci which showed a single band of 269 bp and 242 bp for H. diminuta and H. nana, respectively. Pairwise alignment of the ITS-2 regions showed 99.46 % similarity with sequences of H. diminuta from USA and 100 % similarity with sequences of H. nana from Slovakia, Kosice.
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Khan W, Nisa NN, Pervez S, Ahmed S, Ahmed MS, Alfarraj S, Ali A, Tahreem S. Occurrence of Hymenolepis diminuta: a potential helminth of zoonotic importance in murid rodents. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e242089. [PMID: 34378679 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.242089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study reveals the prevalence of a potential rodent-borne zoonotic helminth species, Hymenolepis diminuta in commensal rodents caught from irrigated and rain-fed areas of Swat, Pakistan. Three hundred and fifty rodents (269 rats and 81 mice) trapped during vegetative, flowering/fruiting and mature/harvesting stages of crops were studied from 2011-2013. Hymenolepisdiminuta eggs were identified on the basis of their shape, size, colour and markings on the surface of the egg shell and three pairs of embryonic hook-lets. Overall prevalence of H. diminuta was 3.14% (n=11/350). The highest prevalence 3.49% (n=5/143) of H. diminuta was noted at harvesting stages of the crops whereas the lowest 2.59% (n=2/77) during vegetative stage. Infection was higher in males 3.25% (n=7/215) than females 2.96% (n=4/135). Adult rodents were highly infected while no sub-adult was found infected. Infection was higher in mice 3.70% (3/81) than rats 2.69% (8/269) while no significance (p=1.0000:0.1250 to 32.00 CI). Rats and mice appears to show the most suitable reservoirs by hosting H. diminuta a zoonotic helminth. The presence of these rodents in all possible habitats can act as a main channel of transferring parasites through various habitats and can pose a hazard to humans in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Khan
- University of Malakand, Zoology Department, Dir (Lower), Pakistan
| | - N N Nisa
- Pakistan Agricultural Research Council - PARC, Southern Zone-Agricultural Research Centre - SARC, Vertebrate Pest Control Institute - VPCI, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Pervez
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar, Department of Biochemistry, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmed
- Hazara University, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M S Ahmed
- University of Swabi, Department of Zoology, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - S Alfarraj
- King Saud University, College of Science, Zoology Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Ali
- MirPur University of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - S Tahreem
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Panti-May JA, Rodríguez-Vivas RI, García-Prieto L, Servián A, Costa F. Worldwide overview of human infections with Hymenolepis diminuta. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:1997-2004. [PMID: 32211990 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hymenolepis diminuta is a zoonotic cestode parasitizing the small intestine of rodents (definitive hosts). Humans can accidentally enter into the life cycle of this tapeworm via the ingestion of infected insects (intermediate hosts) containing cestode cysticercoids in their body cavity. More than two centuries after the first record in humans, there are no accurate estimates of the number of human cases around the world. In order to have a more precise idea about the number of human cases with H. diminuta and the current status of the disease (hymenolepiasis) worldwide, we conducted a literature review of published records on human infection with H. diminuta. One thousand five hundred and sixty-one published records of infection with H. diminuta from 80 countries were identified. This review presents an estimate of the number of human cases with H. diminuta and a current overview of the prevalence, geographic distribution, symptoms, diagnosis, exposure to infective stages, and therapeutic approaches for this underestimated zoonotic tapeworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alonso Panti-May
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, km 15.5 carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, 97135, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Roger Iván Rodríguez-Vivas
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, km 15.5 carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, 97135, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Luis García-Prieto
- Coleccion Nacional de Helmintos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrea Servián
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv 120 e/ 61 y 64, La Plata, 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Costa
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-040, Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
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Coomansingh-Springer C, Vishakha V, Acuna AM, Armstrong E, Sharma RN. Internal parasitic burdens in brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus) from Grenada, West Indies. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02382. [PMID: 31517102 PMCID: PMC6728764 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study identified the endoparasites in Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) during May to July 2017 in Grenada, West Indies. A total of 162 rats, 76 females and 86 males were trapped from St. George and St. David parishes in Grenada. The collected fecal samples were examined for parasitic eggs and/or oocysts using simple fecal flotation technique. Adult parasites found in the intestinal tract were examined for identification. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among rats was 79 %. Ten helminth species were recovered, several of which were reported for the first time in rodents in Grenada. The internal parasites consist of seven nematodes (Angiostrongylus spp., Nippostrongylus braziliensis, Heterakis spumosa, Strongyloides ratti, Aspiculuris tetraptera, Syphacia spp. and Protospirura spp.), one cestode (Hymenolepsis diminuta), one acanthocephalan (Moniliformis moniliformis) and one protozoa species (Eimeria spp.). The most prevalent zoonotic species were Angiostrongylus spp. (35.2%), Hymenolepsis diminuta (7.4%) and Moniliformis moniliformis (3.1%). Several nonzoonotic endoparasites; which included Nippostrongylus braziliensis (50.6%), Heterakis spumosa (15.4%), Strongyloides ratti (43.2%), Aspiculuris tetraptera (2.5%), Syphacia spp. (1.9%), Protospirura spp. (1.2%) and Eimeria spp. (4.7%) were also identified. The most prevalent parasites were Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (50.6%), Strongyloides ratti (43.2%) and Angiostrongylus spp. (35.2%). Co-infections occurred with up to six species per rat showing different combinations of parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coomansingh-Springer
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, West Indies, Grenada
| | - V Vishakha
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, West Indies, Grenada
| | - A Montanez Acuna
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, West Indies, Grenada
| | - E Armstrong
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, West Indies, Grenada
| | - R N Sharma
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, West Indies, Grenada
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Infection with Hymenolepis diminuta (Rodolphi, 1819) in a Child from North of Iran: Case Report. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 48:1528-1531. [PMID: 32292738 PMCID: PMC7145915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a human case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in Guilan Province, northern part of Iran in 2017. The patient was a 15-month-old boy with gastrointestinal symptoms. In stool examination, eggs of H. diminuta was found based on morphological characteristic. The infant was successfully treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel, and then completely recovered. For the first time, we report human infection with this species in north of Iran.
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Strand TM, Lundkvist Å. Rat-borne diseases at the horizon. A systematic review on infectious agents carried by rats in Europe 1995-2016. Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2019; 9:1553461. [PMID: 30834071 PMCID: PMC6394330 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1553461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the spectrum of rat-borne pathogens circulating in Europe a systematic review spanning across 55 European countries during the years 1995-2016 was performed. The study surveyed viruses, bacteria, macroparasites and unicellular eukaryotes (protozoa). Fifty-three different infectious agents, all with zoonotic potential, were reported to be carried by commensal rats; 48 by the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) and 20 by the black rat (R. rattus). There was a tendency for rural areas to harbour more rat-borne microbes than urban areas regarding the brown rat, but the opposite could be observed for the black rat. The study clearly indicated that an improved surveillance on wild rats is needed in Europe, and further indicated the pathogens and geographical areas where the major focus is required. For example, six zoonotic microbes seemed to be clearly more geographically widespread in Europe than others; virulent or resistant E. coli, pathogenic Leptospira spp., Hymenolepis diminuta, H. nana, Capillaria hepatica and Toxoplasma gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Maria Strand
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Lundkvist
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Sethi S, Gupta S, Jayshree M, Mewara A, Khurana S. Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a child from urban area of North India: A rare case report. Trop Parasitol 2018; 8:118-120. [PMID: 30693221 PMCID: PMC6329270 DOI: 10.4103/tp.tp_31_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hymenolepis diminuta, also known as rat tapeworm, infects humans uncommonly. The diagnosis is based on the demonstration of characteristic eggs in the feces. We present a case report of H. diminuta infection in a 6-year-old female child from an urban area of India who presented with fever and seizures and also had complaints of intermittent abdominal pain, vomiting, and loss of appetite, without an apparent history of contact with rodents. The infection was treated with albendazole and showed clinical and parasitological cure. More awareness is required for a better understanding of epidemiology and transmission routes of this rare zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shveta Sethi
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shalu Gupta
- Department of Paediatric Emergency and Critical Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Muralidharan Jayshree
- Department of Paediatric Emergency and Critical Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Abhishek Mewara
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumeeta Khurana
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Phylogenetic and ecological factors affecting the sharing of helminths between native and introduced rodents in Central Chile. Parasitology 2018; 145:1570-1576. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182018000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn order to analyse the effect of hosts’ relationships and the helminthic load on the switching of parasites between native and introduced hosts, we sampled rodents belonging to two suborders from Central Chile. We compared the number of helminthic species shared between murids (introduced) and cricetid (native, same suborder) rodents to those shared between murids and hystricomorphs (native, different suborder), and we assessed the association between parasitic presence, abundance and geographical dispersion in source hosts to the presence and abundance in recipient hosts. Introduced rodent species shared more helminth species with cricetid rodents than with non-cricetids. Presence and abundance in recipient hosts was not associated with the prevalence and mean abundance in source hosts’ population. The mean abundance of parasites in source hosts throughout the territory and wider dispersion was positively associated with the likelihood of being shared with a recipient host. Closer relationships between native and introduced hosts and high parasitic abundance and dispersion could facilitate host switching of helminths between native and introduced rodents. This work provides the first documentation of the importance of parasitic abundance and dispersion on the switching of parasites between native and introduced hosts.
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Grau T, Vilcinskas A, Joop G. Sustainable farming of the mealworm Tenebrio molitor for the production of food and feed. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 72:337-349. [PMID: 28525347 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The farming of edible insects is an alternative strategy for the production of protein-rich food and feed with a low ecological footprint. The industrial production of insect-derived protein is more cost-effective and energy-efficient than livestock farming or aquaculture. The mealworm Tenebrio molitor is economically among the most important species used for the large-scale conversion of plant biomass into protein. Here, we review the mass rearing of this species and its conversion into food and feed, focusing on challenges such as the contamination of food/feed products with bacteria from the insect gut and the risk of rapidly spreading pathogens and parasites. We propose solutions to prevent the outbreak of infections among farmed insects without reliance on antibiotics. Transgenerational immune priming and probiotic bacteria may provide alternative strategies for sustainable insect farming.
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Isaac C, Igbinosa BI, Ohiolei JA, Osimen CE. Endoparasites of Small Mammals in Edo State, Nigeria: Public Health Implications. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29529857 PMCID: PMC5858659 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2018.56.1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Some small mammals occur as household pests and harbour a number of parasites that could be of public health importance. This study profiled the helminth and protozoan parasites in trapped small mammals within and around human dwelling places (houses) located across 4 major towns (Auchi, Benin, Ekpoma, and Uromi) and environs in Edo state, Nigeria. Six genera (Apodemus sp., Crocidura sp., Mastomys natalensis, Mus musculus, Rattus sp., and Sorex sp.) were identified from 502 trapped small mammals. Overall, M. musculus (71.9%) and Rattus rattus (20.1%) were the most frequently trapped. In total, on examination of blood, gastrointestinal contents, and brain tissues, 12 helminth taxa (Angiostrongylus sp., Aspicularis sp., Capillaria sp., Gongylonema sp., Heterakis spumosa, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, Mastophorus muris, Moniliformis moniliformis, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Strongyloides sp., Trichosomoides sp., and Trichuris sp.), and 6 protozoan parasites (Babesia sp., Trypanosoma lewisi, Plasmodium sp., Eimeria sp., Isospora sp., and Toxoplasma gondii) were isolated. Most prevalent helminths with relatively heavy mean intensity were Strongyloides sp. and Heterakis spumosa, while Plasmodium, Eimeria, and Isospora were the most prevalent protozoan parasites. Generally, intrinsic factors like sex and age had marginal influence on the rate and burden of infection in M. musculus and R. rattus. Although the infection rate and prevalence of zoonotic parasites were low, they were largely recovered in rodents from Ekpoma. This study elucidates the public health implication of the presence of zoonotic parasites in these small mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Isaac
- Department of Zoology, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria
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Hubert J, Stejskal V, Athanassiou CG, Throne JE. Health Hazards Associated with Arthropod Infestation of Stored Products. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:553-573. [PMID: 29324037 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Insects and mites are common inhabitants and accidental invaders of food, including durable commodities, and their presence can have both direct and indirect effects on human health. The most common direct effect is contamination of food with arthropod fragments and related contaminants, which may be allergenic or even carcinogenic. The most important indirect effect is that their presence can change the storage microenvironment, making durable products suitable for the rapid development of fungi and other microorganisms. Some of these fungi can produce toxins (e.g., aflatoxins) that endanger human health. Insects may actively or passively contribute to the spread of microorganisms, increasing product contamination, and they may host bacteria that have developed antibiotic resistance, contributing to their spread in food. Several species also may host, attract, or transmit tapeworms, predators, or parasitoids that may affect health. This review synthesizes research on these topics and suggests directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hubert
- Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague 6, Czechia; ,
| | | | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Volos 384 46, Magnesia, Greece;
| | - James E Throne
- San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Parlier, California 93648-9757, USA;
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MORADPOUR N, BORJI H, DARVISH J, MOSHAVERINIA A, MAHMOUDI A. Rodents Helminth Parasites in Different Region of Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2018; 13:275-284. [PMID: 30069212 PMCID: PMC6068363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate condition is expected to have significant in rodents' diversity and in the seasonal pattern of diseases carried by different rodents. In an effort to aid in the study of the biodiversity of parasites of rodents in different climate zoon we examined climate patterns in the parasite assemblages of different rodents from Mar 2015 to Feb 2016. METHODS Of 253 captured rodents in three climate zone of Iran, thirteen species of rodents were recognized. Rodents included Mus musculus, Microtus, Apodemus witherbyi, Calomyscus elburzensis, Meriones libycus, Tatera indica, Alactaga elater, and Arvicola amphibius. Trapped rodents humanely sacrificed and the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts were removed and examined to identify parasitic helminths. Parasites were identified using key morphological characteristics. RESULTS Of 253 rodents examined, 109 (43.08%) were positive for helminth infection including Syphacia obvelata (20.1%), Aspicularis tetraptera (9.9%), Trichuris muris (0.3%), Capillaria sp. (0.3%), Physaloptera sp. (0.7%), Gongylonema sp. (1.1%), Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (6.7%) Heligmosomoides polygyrus (4.3%) Hymenolepis diminuta (3.1%), H. nana (0.8%), Cysticercus fasciolaris, (2.7%), Mesocestoides sp. larva (0.3%) and Moniliformis moniliformis (0.3%). Notocotylus neyrai was the only species of Trematoda isolated from water vole (Arvicola amphibius) for the first time in Iran. CONCLUSION Some rodents are omnivorous, showing high predisposition to helminths parasites consequently, they harbor some species of parasites which are potentially zoonotic or may serve as vectors of important zoonotic pathogens. Therefore, the potential health hazard of these species needs to be considered to prevent infectivity of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nona MORADPOUR
- Rodentology Research Department, Institute of Applied Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,Correspondence
| | - Hassan BORJI
- Dept. of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshid DARVISH
- Rodentology Research Department, Institute of Applied Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali MOSHAVERINIA
- Dept. of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad MAHMOUDI
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Dwużnik D, Gortat T, Behnke JM, Gryczyńska A, Bednarska M, Mikoszewski AS, Kozakiewicz M, Bajer A. Comparison of helminth community of Apodemus agrarius and Apodemus flavicollis between urban and suburban populations of mice. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:2995-3006. [PMID: 28913695 PMCID: PMC5660139 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The growing human population and the development of urban areas have led to fragmentation and destruction of many natural habitats but have also created new urban habitats. These environmental changes have had a negative impact on many species of plants and animals, including parasite communities. The aim of present study was to compare the helminth communities of Apodemus flavicollis and Apodemus agrarius in natural and urban habitats. Helminth burdens were assessed in 124 mice, 48 A. flavicollis, and 76 A. agrarius from two managed forests close to the city boundaries and two city parks within Warsaw, Central Poland. In total, eight species of helminths, Nematoda (n = 3), Digenea (n = 2), and Cestoda (n = 3), were identified. Helminth community structure and prevalence/abundance of individual helminth species differed significantly between the two Apodemus species. Overall, prevalence and abundance of helminth species were significantly higher in A. agrarius compared to A. flavicollis. For A. flavicollis, higher prevalence and abundance of helminths were detected in individuals from managed forest habitats in comparison to city parks. In striped field mice, much higher prevalence and mean abundance were recorded in rodents trapped in city parks than in managed forests. This phenomenon may be explained by better adaptation of A. agrarius, compared to A. flavicollis, to city habitats, resulting in high local densities of mice and the full range of parasite species affecting this host species. Our data confirm also that the established routes of infection exist for selected helminth species in the urban environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Dwużnik
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Street 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Gortat
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy M Behnke
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alicja Gryczyńska
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bednarska
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Street 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antoni S Mikoszewski
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Kozakiewicz
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bajer
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Street 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
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Iliev PT, Georgiev GZ, Kirkova ZT, Chakarova BG. A Survey of Helminth Infections in the Black Rat from Stara Zagora District, Bulgaria. MACEDONIAN VETERINARY REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/macvetrev-2017-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A field study was conducted to disclose the prevalence of different helminth parasites in the black rat, Rattus rattus, in some regions of Stara Zagora district, Bulgaria. Out of 67 examined rats, 53 (79.1%) were found to be positive. Helminths of three classes were detected such as Cestoda: Hymenolepis diminuta (47.8%), Hymenolepis nana (43.3%), Taenia taeniaeformis larvae (7.5%), Taenia polyacantha larvae (1.5%); Secernentea: Syphacia obvelata (4.5%), Aspiculuris tetraptera (3.0%) and Adenophorea: Capillaria hepatica (9.0%), Trichuris muris (3.0%). Of all the investigated rats, 27 (40.3%) were infected by one helminth species and 26 (38.8%) by more than one. Hymenolepis diminuta was a predominant species in cases of single infections (23.9%). The most frequent co-infections were observed by H. nana and H. diminuta (16.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar T. Iliev
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Trakia University , 6000 Stara Zagora , Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Zh. Georgiev
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Trakia University , 6000 Stara Zagora , Bulgaria
| | - Zvezdelina T. Kirkova
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Trakia University , 6000 Stara Zagora , Bulgaria
| | - Borislava G. Chakarova
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine , Trakia University , 6000 Stara Zagora , Bulgaria
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PANTI-MAY JA, DE ANDRADE RRC, GURUBEL-GONZÁLEZ Y, PALOMO-ARJONA E, SODÁ-TAMAYO L, MEZA-SULÚ J, RAMÍREZ-SIERRA M, DUMONTEIL E, VIDAL-MARTÍNEZ VM, MACHAÍN-WILLIAMS C, DE OLIVEIRA D, REIS MG, TORRES-CASTRO MA, ROBLES MR, HERNÁNDEZ-BETANCOURT SF, COSTA F. A survey of zoonotic pathogens carried by house mouse and black rat populations in Yucatan, Mexico. Epidemiol Infect 2017; 145:2287-2295. [PMID: 28689507 PMCID: PMC6231242 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268817001352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The house mouse (Mus musculus) and the black rat (Rattus rattus) are reservoir hosts for zoonotic pathogens, several of which cause neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Studies of the prevalence of these NTD-causing zoonotic pathogens, in house mice and black rats from tropical residential areas are scarce. Three hundred and two house mice and 161 black rats were trapped in 2013 from two urban neighbourhoods and a rural village in Yucatan, Mexico, and subsequently tested for Trypanosoma cruzi, Hymenolepis diminuta and Leptospira interrogans. Using the polymerase chain reaction we detected T. cruzi DNA in the hearts of 4·9% (8/165) and 6·2% (7/113) of house mice and black rats, respectively. We applied the sedimentation technique to detect eggs of H. diminuta in 0·5% (1/182) and 14·2% (15/106) of house mice and black rats, respectively. Through the immunofluorescent imprint method, L. interrogans was identified in 0·9% (1/106) of rat kidney impressions. Our results suggest that the black rat could be an important reservoir for T. cruzi and H. diminuta in the studied sites. Further studies examining seasonal and geographical patterns could increase our knowledge on the epidemiology of these pathogens in Mexico and the risk to public health posed by rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. PANTI-MAY
- Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - R. R. C. DE ANDRADE
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Y. GURUBEL-GONZÁLEZ
- Departamento de Zoología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - E. PALOMO-ARJONA
- Departamento de Zoología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - L. SODÁ-TAMAYO
- Departamento de Zoología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - J. MEZA-SULÚ
- Departamento de Zoología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - M. RAMÍREZ-SIERRA
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales ‘Dr. Hideyo Noguchi’, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - E. DUMONTEIL
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales ‘Dr. Hideyo Noguchi’, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - V. M. VIDAL-MARTÍNEZ
- Laboratorio de Patología Acuática, Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Merida, Merida, Mexico
| | - C. MACHAÍN-WILLIAMS
- Laboratorio de Arbovirología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales ‘Dr. Hideyo Noguchi’, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - D. DE OLIVEIRA
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Salvador, Brasil
| | - M. G. REIS
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Salvador, Brasil
| | - M. A. TORRES-CASTRO
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Re-emergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales ‘Dr. Hideyo Noguchi’, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - M. R. ROBLES
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - S. F. HERNÁNDEZ-BETANCOURT
- Departamento de Zoología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - F. COSTA
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Salvador, Brasil
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil
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Ahmad AF, Ngui R, Ong J, Sarip F, Ismail WHW, Omar H, Nor ZM, Amir A, Lim YAL, Mahmud R. Case Report: A Symptomatic Case of Hymenolepis diminuta Infection in an Urban-Dwelling Adult in Malaysia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 97:163-165. [PMID: 28719332 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a 43-year-old Malaysian male with persistent abdominal colicky pain is reported. Endoscopy revealed whitish worms in the lumen of the small intestine, which were identified as H. diminuta after microscopy. Patient was successfully treated with a single dose of praziquantel (25 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arine Fadzlun Ahmad
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Romano Ngui
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaxinthe Ong
- Sunway Medical Centre, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Farikha Sarip
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hafiz Wan Ismail
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hasidah Omar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zurainee Mohamed Nor
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amirah Amir
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yvonne A L Lim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohela Mahmud
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Makki MS, Mowlavi G, Shahbazi F, Abai MR, Najafi F, Hosseini-Farash BR, Teimoori S, Hasanpour H, Naddaf SR. Identification of Hymenolepis diminuta Cysticercoid Larvae in Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Beetles from Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2017; 11:338-343. [PMID: 29062858 PMCID: PMC5641622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hymenolepis diminuta is a cestod of rodents and rarely infects humans. Infection in humans is via ingestion of infected insects. This study was aimed to detect H. diminuta cysticercoids in red flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum, and cockroaches originated from different regions of Iran. METHODS The red flour beetles and cockroaches were collected from local bakeries in five cities including Tehran, Ahvaz, Kazerun, and Sabzevar during 2010-2011. Some beetles and cockroaches were colonized in insectary and adults from F1 generation were fed on H. diminuta eggs. Both laboratory-infected and field-collected samples were dissected and examined for cysticercoids. Detection of H. diminuta DNA in T. castaneum beetles was performed by targeting a partial sequence of Ribosomal gene. RESULTS Except the beetles from Ahvaz, all specimens were negative for cysticercoid by microscopy. Of the four dissected beetles from Ahvaz, one harbored 12 cysticercoids. Also, 110 (52%) of laboratory-infected beetles showed infection with an average of 12-14 larvae. None of the cockroaches was infected. Two beetles from Ahvaz, including the remainder of the microscopic positive specimen, yielded the expected amplicon in PCR assay. The H. diminuta DNA sequences generated in this study were identical and matched 97-100% with similar sequences from GenBank database. CONCLUSION Lack of infection in the majority of beetles may reflect a low rat infestation rate in those areas, alternatively, the examined specimens might not have been the representative samples of the T. castaneum populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sadat Makki
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Mowlavi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shahbazi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abai
- Department of Medical Entomology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Najafi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bibi Razieh Hosseini-Farash
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Research Center for Skin Diseases and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Salma Teimoori
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Centre of Excellence for Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hamid Hasanpour
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saied Reza Naddaf
- Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Dr Saied Reza Naddaf, E-mail:
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Guardone L, Magi M, Prati MC, Macchioni F. Cardiorespiratory and gastrointestinal parasites of dogs in north-west Italy. Helminthologia 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/helmin-2016-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal and cardio-respiratory parasites in dogs in Liguria (northwest Italy) which is a region that has scarcely been studied. A total of 450 dogs (260 males and 190 females) were enrolled in the study from 2009 and 2013. All dogs lived in a rural or semi-rural environment in the provinces of Imperia (n = 352) or Savona (n = 98), Liguria. Coprological examinations showed that 197 dogs (43.8 %, CI 38.7-48.9 %) were infected by parasites. Specifically, 3.3 % of the dogs presented only cardio-respiratory species, 32.4 % only intestinal species, and 8.0 % presented a mixed infection.
The most frequent intestinal parasites were Toxocara canis (20 %), Trichuris vulpis (17.8 %), Ancylostomatidae (12 %), Coccidia (2.7 %), Aonchotheca putorii (1.8 %) and Toxascaris leonina (1.8 %). The cardio-respiratory species found were Eucoleus aerophilus (9.6 %), Eucoleus boehmi (1.6 %), Angiostrongylus vasorum (0.7 %), and Crenosoma vulpis (0.2 %). A total of 116 dogs (25.8 %) were parasitized by a single species, multiple infections were observed in 81 dogs (18.0 %) up to a six-order infection.
This preliminary study highlighted that the prevalence of intestinal parasites in investigated area is high. Cardio respiratory parasites were detected in an area that has not been investigated before. The creation of a more extensive sampling programme of the area, on a provincial basis in order to build a more detailed map of prevalences for different species of dog parasites throughout Liguria, a more extensive sampling programme of the area needs to be created - ideally for each province.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Guardone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - M. Magi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - M. C. Prati
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa
| | - F. Macchioni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Sharma S, Lyngdoh D, Roy B, Tandon V. Differential diagnosis and molecular characterization of Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Hymenolepididae) based on nuclear rDNA ITS2 gene marker. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:4293-4298. [PMID: 27473838 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Given the widespread distribution and medical implication of members of the genus Hymenolepis, specific identification of the aetiological agent becomes imperative. For precise diagnosis of the species, molecular techniques such as PCR and RFLP of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (rDNA-ITS2) gene marker were carried out. The results showed distinct restriction patterns for both Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta when digested with either of the enzymes RsaI, HaeIII or HhaI. The annotated rDNA-ITS2 sequences from the two species revealed differences in the length; the folded secondary structure also depicted clear demarcation between the two species with variations in length of the helices, pyrimidine-pyrimidine mismatches and sites where motifs occur. In phylogenetic analysis of the evolutionary relationship between the two species as well as with other members of the family Hymenolepididae, the species causing human hymenolepiasis were found to be distantly related as they diverged independently from the ancestral lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Sharma
- Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Damanbha Lyngdoh
- Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Bishnupada Roy
- Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Veena Tandon
- Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India. .,Biotech Park, Lucknow, 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Mane P, Sangwan J. Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a young boy from rural part of Northern India. J Family Med Prim Care 2016; 5:166-7. [PMID: 27453865 PMCID: PMC4943128 DOI: 10.4103/2249-4863.184655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hymenolepis diminuta (H. diminuta) is primarily a parasite of rats and mice. Humans are infected by eating meal contaminated with these arthropods. This infection is not seen commonly in Indian population. We present here a case report of infection with H. diminuta in a young boy from a rural area of the North India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Mane
- Department of Microbiology, SHKM Government Medical College, Mewat, Haryana, India
| | - Jyoti Sangwan
- Department of Microbiology, SHKM Government Medical College, Mewat, Haryana, India
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Çocuklarda Hymenolepis diminuta Araştırılması: Daha Önce Aynı Köyde Karşılaşılan Bir Vaka Üzerine. ANADOLU KLINIĞI TIP BILIMLERI DERGISI 2016. [DOI: 10.21673/anadoluklin.180734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Chaisiri K, Siribat P, Ribas A, Morand S. Potentially zoonotic helminthiases of murid rodents from the Indo-Chinese peninsula: impact of habitat and the risk of human infection. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2015; 15:73-85. [PMID: 25629783 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the potential rodent-borne zoonotic helminths in wild-caught murid rodents from four categorized habitats-forest, nonflooded land, irrigated land, and human settlement in seven localities of Thailand, Cambodia, and Lao PDR. Out of 2478 rodent samples, 735 (29.7%) were infected by at least one of the following zoonotic helminth species: Echinostoma malayanum, Echinostoma ilocanum, Plagiorchis muris, Raillietina spp., Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, Cyclodontostomum purivisi, and Moniliformis moniliformis. Raillietina spp. showed the highest prevalence (13.8%), followed by H. diminuta (8.6%), H. nana (6.7%), and C. purvisi (1.0%). Habitat affected the intensity of helminth infection in murid rodent hosts. Specific habitats favoring each zoonotic helminth species are discussed in relation to the risk of human infection. Season and host maturity influenced intensity of total zoonotic helminths, but there was no influence of host gender. However, in terms of individual helminth species, female rodents were more infected by E. malayanum, E. ilocanum, and C. purvisi than males. Among the rodent species, Rattus tanezumi seems to play the most important role as a reservoir by hosting seven zoonotic heminth species. This rat is ubiquitously found in all types of the habitats, suggesting that it can act as an important bridge species, carrying parasites across different habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittipong Chaisiri
- 1 Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University , Thailand
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Sreedevi C, Ravi Kumar P, Jyothisree C. Hymenolepiosis in a group of albino rats (Rattus albus): a study. J Parasit Dis 2015; 39:321-3. [PMID: 26064027 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-013-0297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was carried out on adult albino Wistar laboratory rats to know the incidence of hymenolepiosis, a zoonotic disease which were brought for experiment purpose. Faecal samples of 95 rats examined for parasitic infection by simple floatation technique in which 32 were positive (33.68 %) for hymenolepiosis. Identification of species of Hymenolepis was done based on morphology of egg. The highest prevalence of Hymenolepis diminuta (23.15 %) was recorded followed by Hymenolepis nana (10.52 %). Heavy infection with Hymenolepis in rats draws attention in view of public health importance in contact persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sreedevi
- Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, 516 360 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - P Ravi Kumar
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, 521 102 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Ch Jyothisree
- Veterinary Parasitology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, 521 102 Andhra Pradesh India
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Abrar Ul Haq K, Gul NA, Hammad HM, Bibi Y, Bibi A, Mohsan J. Prevalence of Giardia intestinalis and Hymenolepis nana in Afghan refugee population of Mianwali district, Pakistan. Afr Health Sci 2015; 15:394-400. [PMID: 26124784 PMCID: PMC4480483 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v15i2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Present study aimed to investigate prevalence of Giardia intestinalis and Hymenolepis nana in Afghan refugees visiting Central Health Unit (CHU), Kot Chandana (Mianwali, Northern Punjab) during two years period (February 2007 to December 2009). METHODS A total of 687 stool samples were collected from different age groups of both genders. Samples were processed under sterile conditions after gross examination. Microscopic examination was done on same day along with eggs (H. nana), cyst and trophozoites (G. intestinalis) detection after staining. RESULTS The prevalence of G. intestinalis was significantly higher (x2=59.54, p<0.001) than that of H. nana. Females were found more likely to be infected as compared to males (OR: 1.40, 95% CI=1.03-1.92). Prevalence of both parasites decreased with age and highest prevalence was observed in young individuals belonging to 1-15 years of age group (41.8% and 48.7% respectively for H. nana and G. intestinalis, p<0.001). Abdominal distress (OR: 1.13, 95%CI=0.83-1.53), vomiting (OR: 1.13, 95%CI=1.13-1.81) and rectal prolapse (OR: 4.26, 95%CI=1.38-13.16) were the gastro-intestinal clinical symptoms observed in G. intestinalis. Whereas, bloody diarrhea (OR: 1.56, 95%CI=1.00-2.43) and rectal prolapse (OR: 5.79, 95%CI=1.87-17.91) were associated with H. nana infections. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal parasitic infections are common among Afghan refugees and serious preventive measures should be implemented to promote the safety and healthy lifestyle of these people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Abrar Ul Haq
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Naz Asma Gul
- Department of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Muhammad Hammad
- Veterinary Research Center,Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries,Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
| | - Yasmeen Bibi
- Department of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Asma Bibi
- Department of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Javed Mohsan
- Department of Livestock & Dairy Development, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Infection levels of the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta in rat populations from Buenos Aires, Argentina. J Helminthol 2015; 90:199-205. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x15000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEcological studies on zoonotic parasites are crucial for the design and implementation of effective measures to prevent parasite transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors such as season, landscape unit, rat sex and rat body length, affecting the abundance of the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta, a parasite of synanthropic rats, within an urban environment. A parasitological survey was undertaken on 169 rats from landscape units such as shantytowns, parklands, industrial–residential areas and scrap-metal yards in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The overall prevalence of H. diminuta was 21.3%, although the occurrence of this species in rats was not homogeneous. The abundance of H. diminuta, using a zero-inflated negative binomial model, was correlated with rat body length. In shantytowns, abundance levels were higher than other landscape units, largely due to differences in individual environmental characteristics and rat assemblages. The populations of arthropod intermediate hosts could be subjected to seasonal fluctuations and the degree of urbanization. Shantytowns are overcrowded urban marginal settlements with most inhabitants living in precarious conditions and supporting large populations of rats, thereby increasing the risk of zoonotic infection.
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Huang CC, Wang LC, Pan CH, Yang CH, Lai CH. Investigation of gastrointestinal parasites of dairy cattle around Taiwan. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2014; 47:70-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Himsworth CG, Parsons KL, Jardine C, Patrick DM. Rats, Cities, People, and Pathogens: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Literature Regarding the Ecology of Rat-Associated Zoonoses in Urban Centers. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2013; 13:349-59. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2012.1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea G. Himsworth
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Animal Health Centre, British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kirbee L. Parsons
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claire Jardine
- Department of Pathobiology, Univeristy of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M. Patrick
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Helminth communities in murid rodents from southern and northern localities in Lao PDR: the role of habitat and season. J Helminthol 2013; 88:302-9. [PMID: 23552185 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x13000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The helminth communities of wild murid rodents were investigated in Luang Prabang and Champasak province, Lao PDR. Thirteen species of rodents (404 individuals) were infected by 19 species of parasites (2 trematode, 3 cestode, 14 nematode species). Four of the recorded helminth species (Echinostoma malayanum, Raillietina sp., Hymenolepis diminuta and H. nana) are known to cause potential zoonotic helminthiases of medical importance in the South-East Asian region. Individual helminth infection was significantly higher in the wet season. Habitat significantly influenced individual helminth species richness and individual helminth abudance, with a decrease of individual helminth species richness and individual helminth abundance from forest habitat to agricultural and human settlement habitats. The reduction of helminth diversity and abundance is discussed in relation to the ongoing increase of human influence on habitats in Lao PDR.
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Muñoz-Antolí C, Haro-Blasco R, Toledo R, Esteban JG. Cestodiasis inusual en infante español. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2013; 31:116-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Allymehr M, Tavassoli M, Manoochehri MH, Ardavan D. Ectoparasites and Gastrointestinal Helminths of House Mice (Mus musculus) from Poultry Houses in Northwest Iran. COMP PARASITOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1654/4534.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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The activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes and the biotransformation of selected anthelmintics in the model tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta. Parasitology 2012; 139:809-18. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182011002265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYThe drug-metabolizing enzymes of some helminths can deactivate anthelmintics and therefore partially protect helminths against these drugs' toxic effect. The aim of our study was to assess the activity of the main drug-metabolizing enzymes and evaluate the metabolism of selected anthelmintics (albendazole, flubendazole, mebendazole) in the rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta, a species often used as a model tapeworm. In vitro and ex vivo experiments were performed. Metabolites of the anthelmintics were detected and identified by HPLC with spectrofluorometric or mass–spectrometric detection. The enzymes of H. diminuta are able to reduce the carbonyl group of flubendazole, mebendazole and several other xenobiotics. Although the activity of a number of oxidation enzymes was determined, no oxidative metabolites of albendazole were detected. Regarding conjugation enzymes, a high activity of glutathione S-transferase was observed. A methyl derivative of reduced flubendazole was the only conjugation metabolite identified in ex vivo incubations of H. diminuta with anthelmintics. The results revealed that H. diminuta metabolized flubendazole and mebendazole, but not albendazole. The biotransformation pathways found in H. diminuta differ from those described in Moniezia expanza and suggest the interspecies differences in drug metabolism not only among classes of helminths, but even among tapeworms.
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Foronda P, López-González M, Hernández M, Haukisalmi V, Feliu C. Distribution and genetic variation of hymenolepidid cestodes in murid rodents on the Canary Islands (Spain). Parasit Vectors 2011; 4:185. [PMID: 21943096 PMCID: PMC3215934 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-4-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the Canary Islands there are no previous data about tapeworms (Cestoda) of rodents. In order to identify the hymenolepidid species present in these hosts, a survey of 1,017 murine (349 Rattus rattus, 13 Rattus norvegicus and 655 Mus musculus domesticus) was carried out in the whole Archipelago. Molecular studies based on nuclear ITS1 and mitochondrial COI loci were performed to confirm the identifications and to analyse the levels of genetic variation and differentiation. Results Three species of hymenolepidids were identified: Hymenolepis diminuta, Rodentolepis microstoma and Rodentolepis fraterna. Hymenolepis diminuta (in rats) and R. microstoma (in mice) showed a widespread distribution in the Archipelago, and R. fraterna was the least spread species, appearing only on five of the islands. The hymenolepidids found on Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and La Graciosa were restricted to one area. The COI network of H. diminuta showed that the haplotypes from Lanzarote and Fuerteventura are the most distant with respect to the other islands, but clearly related among them. Conclusions Founder effects and biotic and abiotic factors could have played important role in the presence/absence of the hymenolepidid species in determined locations. The haplotypes from the eastern islands (Fuerteventura and Lanzarote) seem to have shared an ancestral haplotype very distant from the most frequent one that was found in the rest of the islands. Two colonization events or a single event with subsequent isolation and reduced gene flow between western-central and eastern islands, have taken place in the Archipelago. The three tapeworms detected are zoonotic species, and their presence among rodents from this Archipelago suggests a potential health risk to human via environmental contamination in high risk areas. However, the relatively low prevalence of infestations detected and the focal distribution of some of these species on certain islands reduce the general transmission risk to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Foronda
- Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, Avda, Astrofísico Fco, Sánchez s/n, 38203 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
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Vokřál I, Jirásko R, Jedličková V, Bártíková H, Skálová L, Lamka J, Holčapek M, Szotáková B. The inability of tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta and fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum to metabolize praziquantel. Vet Parasitol 2011; 185:168-74. [PMID: 21996005 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biotransformation enzymes can, to a certain extent, protect parasitic worms against the toxic effects of anthelmintics and can contribute to drug-resistance development. The objective of our work was (1) to find and identify phase I and II metabolites of the anthelmintic praziquantel (PZQ) formed by the lancet fluke (Dicrocoelium dendriticum) and the rat tapeworm (Hymenolepis diminuta) and (2) to compare PZQ metabolites in helminths with PZQ biotransformation in rat as host species. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS) was used for this purpose. During in vitro incubations, mitochondria-like and microsomes-like fractions (prepared from homogenates of adult worms or from rat liver homogenate) were incubated with 10 and 100 μM PZQ. Liquid/liquid extraction was used for samples during in vitro experiments. In the ex vivo study, living D. dendriticum and H. diminuta adults were incubated in RPMI-1640 medium in the presence of 50 nM or 100 nM PZQ for 24h. After incubation, the worms were removed from the medium and homogenized. Homogenates of worms, medium from the incubation of worms or rat hepatocytes and rat urine (collected during 24h after oral PZQ administration) were separately extracted using solid-phase extraction. The results showed that both D. dendriticum and H. diminuta enzymatic systems are not able to metabolize PZQ. On the other hand, thirty one different phase I and four phase II PZQ metabolites were detected in rat samples using UHPLC/MS/MS analyses. These results show that our experimental helminths, as the members of tapeworm and fluke groups of parasites, are not able to deactivate PZQ, and that the biotransformation enzymes of the studied helminths do not contribute to PZQ-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vokřál
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Kataranovski M, Mirkov I, Belij S, Popov A, Petrovic Z, Gaci Z, Kataranovski D. Intestinal helminths infection of rats (Ratus norvegicus) in the Belgrade area (Serbia): the effect of sex, age and habitat. Parasite 2011; 18:189-96. [PMID: 21678796 PMCID: PMC3671415 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2011182189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal helminths of Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) from the Belgrade area were studied as a part of a wider ecological research of rats in Serbia (data on the distribution, population ecology, economic and epizoothiological-epidemiological importance, and density control). Rats were captured from May 2005 to July 2009 at both urban and suburban-rural sites. Of a total of 302 trapped rats 48% were males and 52% females, with 36.5% and 38.8% of juvenile-subadult individuals, per sex respectively. Intestinal helminth infection was noted in 68.5% of rats, with a higher prevalence in male hosts and in adult individuals. Higher numbers of infected juveniles-subadults were noted in suburban-rural habitats, while an opposite tendency was noted in adult rats. Seven helminth species were recovered, of which five were nematode (Heterakis spumosa, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Capillaria sp., Trichuris muris and Syphacia muris) and two cestode species (Hymenolepis diminuta and Rodentolepis fraterna). The most prevalent parasites were Heterakis spumosa (36.7%) and Hymenolepis diminuta (30.5%). Sex and habitat-related differences were noted in the prevalence of infection with Capillaria sp. and Trichuris muris, while there were no age-related differences in the prevalence of infection with any individual helminth species. Significantly higher prevalence of infection was noted in summer as compared to spring or winter, with a tendency to be higher in autumn as compared to spring. The only significant difference in the prevalence of infection between habitat-related was noted during spring. H. spumosa was most prevalent in summer, while H. diminuta and N. brasiliensis in autumn. The mean intensity of infection with H. spumosa, R. fraterna, S. muris and T. muris was higher in autumn than in the other seasons, while N. brasiliensis and Capillaria sp. occured in winter. No more than four helminth species were found in one host.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kataranovski
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa StankoviC", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Patamia I, Cappello E, Castellano-Chiodo D, Greco F, Nigro L, Cacopardo B. A human case of Hymenolepis diminuta in a child from eastern Sicily. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2010; 48:167-9. [PMID: 20585535 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2010.48.2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a 2-year-old child living in a suburban area of Catania, Italy. This case was initially referred to us as Dipylidium caninum infection, which was not cured after being treated twice with mebendazole. However, by analyzing the clinical presentation and stool samples we arrived to the diagnosis of H. diminuta infection. The case presented with atypical allergic manifestations which had never been reported as clinical features of symptomatic H. diminuta infection; remittent fever with abdominal pain, diffuse cutaneous itching, transient thoracic rash, and arthromyalgias. The patient was treated with a 7-day cycle of oral niclosamide, which proved to be safe and effective. This case report emphasizes that a correct parasitological diagnosis requires adequate district laboratories and trained personnel. In addition, we recommend the importance of reporting all H. diminuta infection cases, in order to improve knowledge on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment protocols.
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The helminth parasites of two sympatric species of the genus Apodemus (Rodentia, Muridae) from south-eastern Slovakia. Acta Parasitol 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/s11686-010-0043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe helminths of two sympatric species of rodents, the striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius and the yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis from Slovakia were studied to determine whether there are similarities in the composition of the helminth fauna of two closely related host species living in the same area. A total of twelve species of helminths were identified in these rodent populations, including Brachylaima sp. (Trematoda); Hymenolepis diminuta (Rudolphi, 1819), Mesocestoides sp. larvae, Rodentolepis fraterna (Stiles, 1906), Rodentolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782), Skrjabinotaenia lobata (Baer, 1925), Taenia taeniaeformis larvae (Batsch, 1786) (Cestoda); Aonchotheca annulosa (Dujardin, 1845), Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Dujardin, 1845), Heterakis spumosa Schneider, 1866, Mastophorus muris (Gmelin, 1790) and Syphacia stroma (Linstow, 1884) (Nematoda). In A. agrarius, H. polygyrus was the most prevalent, as well as the most abundant helminth, but R. fraterna was the species with the highest mean intensity. In contrast, S. stroma dominated the A. flavicollis helminth fauna with the highest prevalence, mean abundance and mean intensity. Both rodent populations harboured nine helminth species, although the mean individual species richness was significantly higher in A. agrarius than in A. flavicollis. The analysis of helminth diversity at both component and infracommunity levels revealed differences between the two rodent populations, which are most likely attributable to the specific host ecology.
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Martínez-Peinado C, López-Perezagua MDM, Arjona-Zaragozí FJ, Campillo-Gallego MDM. Parasitosis en niña ecuatoriana. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2006; 24:207-8. [PMID: 16606563 DOI: 10.1157/13086555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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