1
|
Prasad SK, Singh VV, Acharjee A, Acharjee P. Elucidating hippocampal proteome dynamics in moderate hepatic encephalopathy rats: insights from high-resolution mass spectrometry. Exp Brain Res 2024:10.1007/s00221-024-06853-4. [PMID: 38787444 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06853-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a debilitating neurological disorder associated with liver failure and characterized by impaired brain function. Decade-long studies have led to significant advances in our understanding of HE; however, effective therapeutic management of HE is lacking, and HE continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients, underscoring the need for continued research into its pathophysiology and treatment. Accordingly, the present study provides a comprehensive overview aimed at elucidating the molecular underpinnings of HE and identifying potential therapeutic targets. A moderate-grade HE model was induced in rats using thioacetamide, which simulates the liver damage observed in patients, and its impact on cognitive function, neuronal arborization, and cellular morphology was also evaluated. We employed label-free LC-MS/MS proteomics to quantitatively profile hippocampal proteins to explore the molecular mechanism of HE pathogenesis; 2175 proteins were identified, 47 of which exhibited significant alterations in moderate-grade HE. The expression of several significantly upregulated proteins, such as FAK1, CD9 and Tspan2, was further validated at the transcript and protein levels, confirming the mass spectrometry results. These proteins have not been previously reported in HE. Utilizing Metascape, a tool for gene annotation and analysis, we further studied the biological pathways integral to brain function, including gliogenesis, the role of erythrocytes in maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity, the modulation of chemical synaptic transmission, astrocyte differentiation, the regulation of organ growth, the response to cAMP, myelination, and synaptic function, which were disrupted during HE. The STRING database further elucidated the protein‒protein interaction patterns among the differentially expressed proteins. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms driving HE and paves the way for identifying novel therapeutic targets for improved disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shambhu Kumar Prasad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vishal Vikram Singh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Arup Acharjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India.
| | - Papia Acharjee
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weiß M, Hernandez LC, Gil Montoya DC, Löhndorf A, Krüger A, Kopdag M, Uebler L, Landwehr M, Nawrocki M, Huber S, Woelk LM, Werner R, Failla AV, Flügel A, Dupont G, Guse AH, Diercks BP. Adhesion to laminin-1 and collagen IV induces the formation of Ca 2+ microdomains that sensitize mouse T cells for activation. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabn9405. [PMID: 37339181 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abn9405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
During an immune response, T cells migrate from blood vessel walls into inflamed tissues by migrating across the endothelium and through extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins facilitate T cell binding to endothelial cells and ECM proteins. Here, we report that Ca2+ microdomains observed in the absence of T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 stimulation are initial signaling events triggered by adhesion to ECM proteins that increase the sensitivity of primary murine T cells to activation. Adhesion to the ECM proteins collagen IV and laminin-1 increased the number of Ca2+ microdomains in a manner dependent on the kinase FAK, phospholipase C (PLC), and all three inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) subtypes and promoted the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFAT-1. Mathematical modeling predicted that the formation of adhesion-dependent Ca2+ microdomains required the concerted activity of two to six IP3Rs and ORAI1 channels to achieve the increase in the Ca2+ concentration in the ER-plasma membrane junction that was observed experimentally and that required SOCE. Further, adhesion-dependent Ca2+ microdomains were important for the magnitude of the TCR-induced activation of T cells on collagen IV as assessed by the global Ca2+ response and NFAT-1 nuclear translocation. Thus, adhesion to collagen IV and laminin-1 sensitizes T cells through a mechanism involving the formation of Ca2+ microdomains, and blocking this low-level sensitization decreases T cell activation upon TCR engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Weiß
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lola C Hernandez
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana C Gil Montoya
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anke Löhndorf
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aileen Krüger
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Kopdag
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Liana Uebler
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie Landwehr
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mikolaj Nawrocki
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena-Marie Woelk
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - René Werner
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonio V Failla
- Microscopy Imaging Facility (UMIF), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Flügel
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Centre Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Geneviève Dupont
- Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, CP231, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andreas H Guse
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn-Philipp Diercks
- Calcium Signalling Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiao W, Xu J, Wu D, Yu J, Zhang M, Liu L, Chen G. Anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects of Yishen Tongbi decoction in experimental rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing SLC3A2/integrin β3 signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154741. [PMID: 36990010 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yishen Tongbi (YSTB) decoction is a patented herbal formula that is used in China to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, the exact mechanism of its anti-synovial hyperplasia efficacy has not been fully elucidated. PURPOSE Based on our previous proteomics study, we aimed to reveal whether YSTB inhibits the proliferation and migration of RA-FLSs through the SLC3A2/integrin β3 pathway in vivo and in vitro. STUDY DESIGN The study design consists of three parts, a comparison of the expression of SLC3A2 and integrin β3 in synovial tissues of RA and OA patients; an animal experiment to verify the pharmacodynamic effect of YSTB, and in vitro experiment to elucidate the specific mechanism of YSTB. METHODS The expression of SLC3A2 and integrin β3 in the synovial tissues of patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In vitro, firstly, the proliferation and migration abilities of HFLS (human fibroblast-like synoviocytes) and HFLS-RA (human fibroblast-like synoviocytes-RA) cells were compared by EdU staining and wound healing assays, respectively, and the differences in the expression and localization of SLC3A2, integrin β3, p-FAK and p-Src between HFLS and HFLS-RA cells were detected by IF and WB. In vivo, DBA/1 mice were injected with bovine collagen II to construct a CIA mouse model. Paw swelling, body weight and the arthritis index (AI) were used as basic treatment evaluation indicators for YSTB. Micro-CT and histopathological analyses of the knee and ankle joints were also performed. In addition, the expression of SLC3A2, integrin β3, p-FAK and p-Src in the synovial tissue of mice was detected by IHC. Subsequently, CCK-8 was used to screen for suitable concentrations of YSTB for use in HFLS-RA cells. EdU staining and transwell migration assays were performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of YSTB on cell proliferation and migration, and WB was conducted to assess whether YSTB inhibited HFLS-RA migration through downregulation of the SLC3A2/integrin β3 pathways. RESULTS IHC showed that the expression of SLC3A2 and integrin β3 was higher in RA synovial tissues than in OA tissues. In vivo experiments showed that YSTB inhibited synovial hyperplasia, prevented bone destruction, and reduced the expression of SLC3A2, integrin β3, p-FAK and p-Src. In vitro experiments showed that YSTB inhibited HFLS-RA migration and proliferation by inhibiting the expression of SLC3A2/integrin β3 and downstream signaling molecules. CONCLUSION YSTB inhibits the proliferation and migration of synovial fibroblasts in RA by downregulating the SLC3A2/integrin β3 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiao
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Xu
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danbin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingying Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangxing Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Baiyun Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Estep JA, Sun LO, Riccomagno MM. A luciferase fragment complementation assay to detect focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling events. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15282. [PMID: 37089315 PMCID: PMC10119766 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin Adhesion Complexes (IACs) serve as links between the cytoskeleton and extracellular environment, acting as mechanosensing and signaling hubs. As such, IACs participate in many aspects of cellular motility, tissue morphogenesis, anchorage-dependent growth and cell survival. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) has emerged as a critical organizer of IAC signaling events due to its early recruitment and diverse substrates, and thus has become a genetic and therapeutic target. Here we present the design and characterization of simple, reversible, and scalable Bimolecular Complementation sensors to monitor FAK phosphorylation in living cells. These probes provide novel means to quantify IAC signaling, expanding on the currently available toolkit for interrogating FAK phosphorylation during diverse cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A. Estep
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Lu O. Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Martin M. Riccomagno
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stolarska MA, Rammohan AR. On the significance of membrane unfolding in mechanosensitive cell spreading: Its individual and synergistic effects. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:2408-2438. [PMID: 36899540 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensitivity of cell spread area to substrate stiffness has been established both through experiments and different types of mathematical models of varying complexity including both the mechanics and biochemical reactions in the cell. What has not been addressed in previous mathematical models is the role of cell membrane dynamics on cell spreading, and an investigation of this issue is the goal of this work. We start with a simple mechanical model of cell spreading on a deformable substrate and progressively layer mechanisms to account for the traction dependent growth of focal adhesions, focal adhesion induced actin polymerization, membrane unfolding/exocytosis and contractility. This layering approach is intended to progressively help in understanding the role each mechanism plays in reproducing experimentally observed cell spread areas. To model membrane unfolding we introduce a novel approach based on defining an active rate of membrane deformation that is dependent on membrane tension. Our modeling approach allows us to show that tension-dependent membrane unfolding plays a critical role in achieving the large cell spread areas experimentally observed on stiff substrates. We also demonstrate that coupling between membrane unfolding and focal adhesion induced polymerization works synergistically to further enhance cell spread area sensitivity to substrate stiffness. This enhancement has to do with the fact that the peripheral velocity of spreading cells is associated with contributions from the different mechanisms by either enhancing the polymerization velocity at the leading edge or slowing down of the retrograde flow of actin within the cell. The temporal evolution of this balance in the model corresponds to the three-phase behavior observed experimentally during spreading. In the initial phase membrane unfolding is found to be particularly important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena A Stolarska
- Department of Mathematics, 2115 Summit Ave., University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN 55105, USA
| | - Aravind R Rammohan
- Corning Life Sciences, Corning Inc., 836 North St, Tewksbury, MA 01876, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang W, Pan L, Cheng Y, Wu X, Tang B, Zhu H, Zhang M, Zhang Y. Nintedanib alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the FAK/ERK/S100A4 signalling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
7
|
Integrin-Mediated Adhesion Promotes Centrosome Separation in Early Mitosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081360. [PMID: 35456039 PMCID: PMC9030014 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin-mediated adhesion to the extracellular matrix is a key regulator of the cell cycle, as demonstrated for the passage of the G1/S checkpoint and the completion of cytokinetic abscission. Here, integrin-dependent regulation of the cell cycle in G2 and early M phases was investigated. The progression through the G2 and M phases was monitored by live-cell imaging and immunofluorescence staining in adherent and non-adherent fibroblast cells. Non-adherent cells, as well as adherent cells lacking FAK activity due to suppressed expression or pharmacological inhibition, exhibited a prolonged G2 phase and severely defect centrosome separation, resulting in delayed progress through the early mitotic stages. The activation of the critical mitotic regulator PLK1 and its indirect target Eg5, a kinesin-family motor protein driving the centrosome separation, were reduced in the cells lacking FAK activity. Furthermore, the absence of integrin adhesion or FAK activity destabilized the structural integrity of centrosomes and often caused detachment of pericentriolar material from the centrioles. These data identify a novel adhesion-dependent mechanism by which integrins via FAK and PLK1 contribute to the regulation of the cell cycle in the G2 and early M phases, and to the maintenance of genome integrity.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gu W, Zhang L, Zhang X, Wang B, Shi X, Hu K, Ye Y, Liu G. MiR-15p-5p Mediates the Coordination of ICAM-1 and FAK to Promote Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Migration. Inflammation 2022; 45:1402-1417. [PMID: 35079920 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in endothelial cells is critical for neutrophil adhesion and transmigration across the endothelium. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which controls the turnover of focal adhesion to regulate cell adhesion and migration, plays a role in the resolution of inflammation. However, the coordinated involvement of ICAM-1 and FAK during endothelial inflammation has yet to be elucidated. This study reports that, as part of an inflammatory response, ICAM-1 controls FAK expression in endothelial cells via the microRNA miR-15b-5p. Induction of lung injury by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in higher levels of FAK expression in inflammatory tissues, while in ICAM-1 knockout mice, FAK expression was reduced in the lungs. FAK expression was also reduced in endothelial cells following ICAM-1 siRNA downregulation. Furthermore, ICAM-1 inhibited miR-15b-5p expression while increasing FAK mRNA and protein expression via binding of miR-15b-5p to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of FAK. ICAM-1 inhibited miR-15b-5p promoter activity and hence reduced miR-15b-5p expression. FAK increased endothelial cell proliferation and migration, whereas miR-15b-5p inhibited cell proliferation and migration. These findings indicate that the inflammatory molecule ICAM-1 regulates FAK expression via miR-15b-5p levels, which in turn controls endothelial cell proliferation and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai StreetAnhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai StreetAnhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Binyu Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai StreetAnhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yingying Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai StreetAnhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai StreetAnhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province, Bengbu, 233030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Garland B, Delisle S, Al-Zahrani KN, Pryce BR, Sabourin LA. The Ste20-like kinase - a Jack of all trades? J Cell Sci 2021; 134:261804. [PMID: 33961052 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, the Ste20-like kinase (SLK; also known as STK2) has emerged as a central regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics. Reorganization of the cytoskeleton is necessary for a plethora of biological processes including apoptosis, proliferation, migration, tissue repair and signaling. Several studies have also uncovered a role for SLK in disease progression and cancer. Here, we review the recent findings in the SLK field and summarize the various roles of SLK in different animal models and discuss the biochemical mechanisms regulating SLK activity. Together, these studies have revealed multiple roles for SLK in coupling cytoskeletal dynamics to cell growth, in muscle repair and in negative-feedback loops critical for cancer progression. Furthermore, the ability of SLK to regulate some systems appears to be kinase activity independent, suggesting that it may be an important scaffold for signal transduction pathways. These various findings reveal highly complex functions and regulation patterns of SLK in development and disease, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brennan Garland
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8L1, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8L6, Canada
| | - Samuel Delisle
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8L1, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8L6, Canada
| | - Khalid N Al-Zahrani
- Center for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X5, Canada
| | - Benjamin R Pryce
- Department of Pediatrics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina,Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Luc A Sabourin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8L1, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8L6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Awan T, Babendreyer A, Mahmood Alvi A, Düsterhöft S, Lambertz D, Bartsch JW, Liedtke C, Ludwig A. Expression levels of the metalloproteinase ADAM8 critically regulate proliferation, migration and malignant signalling events in hepatoma cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1982-1999. [PMID: 33314720 PMCID: PMC7882935 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common metastatic tumours. Tumour growth and metastasis depend on the induction of cell proliferation and migration by various mediators. Here, we report that the A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) 8 is highly expressed in murine HCC tissues as well as in murine and human hepatoma cell lines Hepa1-6 and HepG2, respectively. To establish a dose-dependent role of different ADAM8 expression levels for HCC progression, ADAM8 expression was either reduced via shRNA- or siRNA-mediated knockdown or increased by using a retroviral overexpression vector. These two complementary approaches revealed that ADAM8 expression levels correlated positively with proliferation, clonogenicity, migration and matrix invasion and negatively with apoptosis of hepatoma cells. Furthermore, the analysis of pro-migratory and proliferative signalling pathways revealed that ADAM8 expression level was positively associated with expression of β1 integrin as well as with the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Src kinase and Rho A GTPase. Finally, up-regulation of promigatory signalling and cell migration was also seen with a proteolytically inactive ADAM8 mutant. These findings reveal that ADAM8 is critically up-regulated in hepatoma cells contributes to cell proliferation and survival and furthermore induces pro-migratory signalling pathways independently of its proteolytic activity. By this, ADAM8 can promote cell functions most relevant for HCC growth and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeela Awan
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Aaron Babendreyer
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Abid Mahmood Alvi
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Daniela Lambertz
- Department of Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Jörg W. Bartsch
- Department of NeurosurgeryPhilipps University MarburgUniversity Hospital MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Antoniades I, Kyriakou M, Charalambous A, Kalalidou K, Christodoulou A, Christoforou M, Skourides PA. FAK displacement from focal adhesions: a promising strategy to target processes implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:3. [PMID: 33413438 PMCID: PMC7791867 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed or activated in several advanced-stage solid cancers. It is known to play both kinase-dependent and -independent roles in promoting tumor progression and metastasis. Numerous inhibitors, targeting either the enzymatic or scaffolding activities of FAK have been generated, with varying degree of success. Here, we describe a novel approach to site-specifically target both kinase-dependent and -independent FAK functions at focal adhesions (FAs), the primary sites at which the kinase exerts its activity. METHODS We took advantage of the well-characterized interactions between the paxillin LD motifs and the FAK FAT domain and generated a polypeptide (LD2-LD3-LD4) expected to compete with interactions with paxillin. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments were performed to examine the interaction between the LD2-LD3-LD4 polypeptide and FAK. The effects of LD2-LD3-LD4 in the localization and functions of FAK, as well as FA composition, were evaluated using quantitative immunofluorescence, cell fractionation, FA isolation and Western Blot analysis. Live cell imaging, as well as 2-D migration and cell invasion assays were used to examine the effects on FA turnover and tumor cell migration and invasion. RESULTS Expression of the LD2-LD3-LD4 polypeptide prevents FAK localization at FAs, in a controlled and dose-dependent manner, by competing with endogenous paxillin for FAK binding. Importantly, the LD2-LD3-LD4 peptide did not otherwise affect FA composition or integrin activation. LD2-LD3-LD4 inhibited FAK-dependent downstream integrin signaling and, unlike existing inhibitors, also blocked FAK's scaffolding functions. We further show that LD2-LD3-LD4 expression markedly reduces FA turnover and inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion. Finally, we show that dimers of a single motif, linked through a flexible linker of the proper size, are sufficient for the displacement of FAK from FAs and for inhibition of tumor cell migration. This work raises the possibility of using a synthetic peptide as an antimetastatic agent, given that effective displacement of FAK from FAs only requires dimers of a single LD motif linked by a short flexible linker. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these results suggest that FAK displacement from FAs is a promising new strategy to target critical processes implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Antoniades
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 2109 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Kyriakou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 2109 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anna Charalambous
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 2109 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Katerina Kalalidou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 2109 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Andri Christodoulou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 2109 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Christoforou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 2109 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Paris A. Skourides
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 2109 Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Královec K, Melounková L, Slováková M, Mannová N, Sedlák M, Bartáček J, Havelek R. Disruption of Cell Adhesion and Cytoskeletal Networks by Thiol-Functionalized Silica-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249350. [PMID: 33302486 PMCID: PMC7764502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major obstacles that limits the use of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedical applications is their potential toxicity. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of thiol-functionalized silica-coated iron oxide (Fe3O4@SiO2-SH) nanoparticles using human lung epithelial cells A549. We investigated the effect of Fe3O4@SiO2-SH nanoparticles on the cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle distribution, adhesion, apoptosis, and the orientation of the cytoskeletal networks, as well as on expression of proteins involved in cell death, cell survival, and cell adhesion. We demonstrated that exposure of A549 cells to Fe3O4@SiO2-SH nanoparticles resulted in severe disruption of the actin microfilaments and microtubule cytoskeleton and reduced the size of focal adhesions. Furthermore, cell adhesion was significantly affected as well as the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38. Our findings highlight the need for in-depth cytotoxic evaluation of nanoparticles supporting their safer use, especially in biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Královec
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (L.M.)
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Lucie Melounková
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (L.M.)
| | - Marcela Slováková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikola Mannová
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Miloš Sedlák
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Jan Bartáček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Radim Havelek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wiechmann S, Saupp E, Schilling D, Heinzlmeir S, Schneider G, Schmid RM, Combs SE, Kuster B, Dobiasch S. Radiosensitization by Kinase Inhibition Revealed by Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1649-1663. [PMID: 32651227 PMCID: PMC8014995 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers and known for its extensive genetic heterogeneity, high therapeutic resistance, and strong variation in intrinsic radiosensitivity. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance, we screened the phenotypic response of 38 PDAC cell lines to ionizing radiation. Subsequent phosphoproteomic analysis of two representative sensitive and resistant lines led to the reproducible identification of 7,800 proteins and 13,000 phosphorylation sites (p-sites). Approximately 700 p-sites on 400 proteins showed abundance changes after radiation in all cell lines regardless of their phenotypic sensitivity. Apart from recapitulating known radiation response phosphorylation markers such as on proteins involved in DNA damage repair, the analysis uncovered many novel members of a radiation-responsive signaling network that was apparent only at the level of protein phosphorylation. These regulated p-sites were enriched in potential ATM substrates and in vitro kinase assays corroborated 10 of these. Comparing the proteomes and phosphoproteomes of radiosensitive and -resistant cells pointed to additional tractable radioresistance mechanisms involving apoptotic proteins. For instance, elevated NADPH quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) expression in radioresistant cells may aid in clearing harmful reactive oxygen species. Resistant cells also showed elevated phosphorylation levels of proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization including actin dynamics and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity and one resistant cell line showed a strong migration phenotype. Pharmacological inhibition of the kinases FAK by Defactinib and of CHEK1 by Rabusertib showed a statistically significant sensitization to radiation in radioresistant PDAC cells. Together, the presented data map a comprehensive molecular network of radiation-induced signaling, improves the understanding of radioresistance and provides avenues for developing radiotherapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Wiechmann
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elena Saupp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Schilling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Heinzlmeir
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Günter Schneider
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Roland M Schmid
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sophie Dobiasch
- German Cancer Consortium, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chu YH, Tai YH, Yeh CC, Tsou MY, Lee HS, Ho ST, Li MH, Lin TC, Lu CC. Glucose reduces the osmopressor response in connection with the tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase in red blood cells. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2020; 63:128-136. [PMID: 32594066 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_32_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose ingestion attenuates the water ingestion-induced increase in the total peripheral vascular resistance and orthostatic tolerance. We investigated the gastrointestinal physiology of glucose by examining the effect of glucose ingestion on the functional expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in red blood cell (RBC) membrane. This study was performed in 24 young, healthy subjects. Blood samples were collected at 5 min before and 25 min and 50 min after an ingestion of 10% glucose water 500 mL, water 500 mL, or normal saline 500 mL. We determined glucose and osmolality in plasma, and phosphorylation of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), glucose transporter 1 (Glut1), and FAK in RBC membrane. Our results showed that glucose ingestion reduced the rise of peripheral vascular resistance after water ingestion and upregulated the serine phosphorylation of Glut1. It also lowered both the serine phosphorylation of FAK and tyrosine phosphorylation of AQP1, compared with the ingestion of either water or saline. In an ex vivo experiment, glucose activated the Glut1 receptor and subsequently reduced the expression of FAK compared with 0.8% saline alone. We concluded that glucose activates Glut1 and subsequently lowers the functional expression of FAK, a cytoskeleton protein of RBCs. The functional change in the RBC membrane proteins in connection with the attenuation of osmopressor response may elucidate the pathophysiology of glucose in postprandial hypotension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Hsiang Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsuan Tai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chang Yeh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yung Tsou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Herng-Sheng Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Tai Ho
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei; Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung; Institute of Aerospace Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Chou Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cherng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center; Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ramírez-Ricardo J, Leal-Orta E, Martínez-Baeza E, Ortiz-Mendoza C, Breton-Mora F, Herrera-Torres A, Elizalde-Acosta I, Cortes-Reynosa P, Thompson-Bonilla R, Perez Salazar E. Circulating extracellular vesicles from patients with breast cancer enhance migration and invasion via a Src‑dependent pathway in MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1932-1948. [PMID: 32582965 PMCID: PMC7411406 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype associated with high rates of metastasis, heterogeneity, drug resistance and a poor prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles of endosomal and plasma membrane origin, and are secreted by healthy and cancer cells. In cancer, EVs contribute to tumor progression by mediating escape from the immune system surveillance, and are involved in extracellular matrix degradation, invasion, angiogenesis, migration and metastasis. Furthermore, EVs have been identified in several human fluids. However, the role of EVs from patients with breast cancer in the migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells is not fully understood. The present study investigated whether EVs isolated from Mexican patients with breast cancer can induce cellular processes related to invasion in breast cancer. Moreover, plasma fractions enriched in EVs and deprived of platelet-derived EVs obtained from blood samples of 32 Mexican patients with biopsy-diagnosed breast cancer at different clinical stages who had not received treatment were analyzed. Furthermore, one control group was included, which consisted of 20 Mexican healthy females. The present results demonstrated that EVs from women with breast cancer promote migration and invasion, and increase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 secretion in TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, it was found that EVs from patients with breast cancer induced Src and focal adhesion kinase activation, and focal adhesions assembly with an increase in focal adhesions number, while the migration and invasion was dependent on Src activity. Collectively, EVs from Mexican patients with breast cancer induce migration and invasion via a Src-dependent pathway in TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells.
Collapse
|
16
|
Dittmann A, Kennedy NJ, Soltero NL, Morshed N, Mana MD, Yilmaz ÖH, Davis RJ, White FM. High-fat diet in a mouse insulin-resistant model induces widespread rewiring of the phosphotyrosine signaling network. Mol Syst Biol 2020; 15:e8849. [PMID: 31464373 PMCID: PMC6674232 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20198849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated type 2 diabetes and accompanying diseases have developed into a leading human health risk across industrialized and developing countries. The complex molecular underpinnings of how lipid overload and lipid metabolites lead to the deregulation of metabolic processes are incompletely understood. We assessed hepatic post-translational alterations in response to treatment of cells with saturated and unsaturated free fatty acids and the consumption of a high-fat diet by mice. These data revealed widespread tyrosine phosphorylation changes affecting a large number of enzymes involved in metabolic processes as well as canonical receptor-mediated signal transduction networks. Targeting two of the most prominently affected molecular features in our data, SRC-family kinase activity and elevated reactive oxygen species, significantly abrogated the effects of saturated fat exposure in vitro and high-fat diet in vivo. In summary, we present a comprehensive view of diet-induced alterations of tyrosine signaling networks, including proteins involved in fundamental metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Dittmann
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Norman J Kennedy
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Nina L Soltero
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nader Morshed
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Miyeko D Mana
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ömer H Yilmaz
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger J Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Forest M White
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Miller AE, Hu P, Barker TH. Feeling Things Out: Bidirectional Signaling of the Cell-ECM Interface, Implications in the Mechanobiology of Cell Spreading, Migration, Proliferation, and Differentiation. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901445. [PMID: 32037719 PMCID: PMC7274903 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biophysical cues stemming from the extracellular environment are rapidly transduced into discernible chemical messages (mechanotransduction) that direct cellular activities-placing the extracellular matrix (ECM) as a potent regulator of cell behavior. Dynamic reciprocity between the cell and its associated matrix is essential to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and dysregulation of both ECM mechanical signaling, via pathological ECM turnover, and internal mechanotransduction pathways contribute to disease progression. This review covers the current understandings of the key modes of signaling used by both the cell and ECM to coregulate one another. By taking an outside-in approach, the inherent complexities and regulatory processes at each level of signaling (ECM, plasma membrane, focal adhesion, and cytoplasm) are captured to give a comprehensive picture of the internal and external mechanoregulatory environment. Specific emphasis is placed on the focal adhesion complex which acts as a central hub of mechanical signaling, regulating cell spreading, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In addition, a wealth of available knowledge on mechanotransduction is curated to generate an integrated signaling network encompassing the central components of the focal adhesion, cytoplasm and nucleus that act in concert to promote durotaxis, proliferation, and differentiation in a stiffness-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Thomas H Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, 415 Lane Rd. MR5 1225, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Aboubakar Nana F, Vanderputten M, Ocak S. Role of Focal Adhesion Kinase in Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1683. [PMID: 31671774 PMCID: PMC6895835 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 15% of all lung cancers and it is clinically the most aggressive type, being characterized by a tendency for early metastasis, with two-thirds of the patients diagnosed with an extensive stage (ES) disease and a five-year overall survival (OS) as low as 5%. There are still no effective targeted therapies in SCLC despite improved understanding of the molecular steps leading to SCLC development and progression these last years. After four decades, the only modest improvement in OS of patients suffering from ES-SCLC has recently been shown in a trial combining atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, with carboplatin and etoposide, chemotherapy agents. This highlights the need to pursue research efforts in this field. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed and activated in several cancers, including SCLC, and contributing to cancer progression and metastasis through its important role in cell proliferation, survival, adhesion, spreading, migration, and invasion. FAK also plays a role in tumor immune evasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, DNA damage repair, radioresistance, and regulation of cancer stem cells. FAK is of particular interest in SCLC, being known for its aggressiveness. The inhibition of FAK in SCLC cell lines demonstrated significative decrease in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In this review, we will focus on the role of FAK in cancer cells and their microenvironment, and its potential as a therapeutic target in SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Aboubakar Nana
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
- Division of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, UCL, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marie Vanderputten
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sebahat Ocak
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie (PNEU), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
- Division of Pneumology, CHU UCL Namur (Godinne Site), UCL, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pedrosa AR, Bodrug N, Gomez-Escudero J, Carter EP, Reynolds LE, Georgiou PN, Fernandez I, Lees DM, Kostourou V, Alexopoulou AN, Batista S, Tavora B, Serrels B, Parsons M, Iskratsch T, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Tumor Angiogenesis Is Differentially Regulated by Phosphorylation of Endothelial Cell Focal Adhesion Kinase Tyrosines-397 and -861. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4371-4386. [PMID: 31189647 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in endothelial cells (EC) is essential for angiogenesis, but how FAK phosphorylation at tyrosine-(Y)397 and Y861 regulate tumor angiogenesis in vivo is unknown. Here, we show that tumor growth and angiogenesis are constitutively reduced in inducible, ECCre+;FAKY397F/Y397F -mutant mice. Conversely, ECCre+;FAKY861F/Y861F mice exhibit normal tumor growth with an initial reduction in angiogenesis that recovered in end-stage tumors. Mechanistically, FAK-Y397F ECs exhibit increased Tie2 expression, reduced Vegfr2 expression, decreased β1 integrin activation, and disrupted downstream FAK/Src/PI3K(p55)/Akt signaling. In contrast, FAK-Y861F ECs showed decreased Vegfr2 and Tie2 expression with an enhancement in β1 integrin activation. This corresponds with a decrease in Vegfa-stimulated response, but an increase in Vegfa+Ang2- or conditioned medium from tumor cell-stimulated cellular/angiogenic responses, mimicking responses in end-stage tumors with elevated Ang2 levels. Mechanistically, FAK-Y861F, but not FAK-Y397F ECs showed enhanced p190RhoGEF/P130Cas-dependent signaling that is required for the elevated responses to Vegfa+Ang2. This study establishes the differential requirements of EC-FAK-Y397 and EC-FAK-Y861 phosphorylation in the regulation of EC signaling and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE: Distinct motifs of the focal adhesion kinase differentially regulate tumor blood vessel formation and remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Rita Pedrosa
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Bodrug
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesus Gomez-Escudero
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward P Carter
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise E Reynolds
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paraskivi Natalia Georgiou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Fernandez
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Delphine M Lees
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vassiliki Kostourou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annika N Alexopoulou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Batista
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Serrels
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kairbaan M Hodivala-Dilke
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rhodoptilometrin, a Crinoid-Derived Anthraquinone, Induces Cell Regeneration by Promoting Wound Healing and Oxidative Phosphorylation in Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030138. [PMID: 30818790 PMCID: PMC6470796 DOI: 10.3390/md17030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival recession (GR) potentially leads to the exposure of tooth root to the oral cavity microenvironment and increases susceptibility to dental caries, dentin hypersensitivity, and other dental diseases. Even though many etiological factors were reported, the specific mechanism of GR is yet to be elucidated. Given the species richness concerning marine biodiversity, it could be a treasure trove for drug discovery. In this study, we demonstrate the effects of a marine compound, (+)-rhodoptilometrin from crinoid, on gingival cell migration, wound healing, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Experimental results showed that (+)-rhodoptilometrin can significantly increase wound healing, migration, and proliferation of human gingival fibroblast cells, and it does not have effects on oral mucosa fibroblast cells. In addition, (+)-rhodoptilometrin increases the gene and protein expression levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), fibronectin, and type I collagen, changes the intracellular distribution of FAK and F-actin, and increases OXPHOS and the expression levels of complexes I~V in the mitochondria. Based on our results, we believe that (+)-rhodoptilometrin might increase FAK expression and promote mitochondrial function to affect cell migration and promote gingival regeneration. Therefore, (+)-rhodoptilometrin may be a promising therapeutic agent for GR.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kwanthongdee J, Sunrat C, Munyoo B, Tuchinda P, Chabang N, Saengsawang W. Phyllanthus taxodiifolius Beille suppresses microtubule dynamics and restricts glioblastoma aggressiveness. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108645. [PMID: 30798125 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and the most malignant form of brain tumor. This devastating tumor results in death within a year after diagnosis. Although the tumor mass can be surgically removed, glioma cells invade other areas in the brain leading to tumor recurrence and poor prognosis. Therefore, new agents that can overcome cancer cell invasion are urgently required. Phyllanthus taxodiifolius Beille (P. taxodiifolius), has been reported to have potent anti-cancer activities. However, its effects on glioblastoma cells and its underlying mechanisms have never been revealed. Here we investigated the effect and underlying mechanisms of P. taxodiifolius extract on aggressive properties of the glioblastoma, including adhesion, migration, and invasion. P. taxodiifolius extract disrupted adhesion, delayed migration and interfered with the invasion of glioblastoma cells. In addition, the extract suppressed microtubule dynamics as shown by live imaging of a microtubule plus tip protein and decreased focal adhesion by decreasing focal adhesion kinase activity. Our study is the first evidence showing that P. taxodiifolius extract suppresses invasive properties of glioblastoma cells by disrupting microtubule structure and interfering with microtubule dynamics, suggesting the possibility to further develop P. taxodiifolius and its bioactive compounds as an anti-cancer drug targeting microtubules in glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaturon Kwanthongdee
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chotchanit Sunrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bamroong Munyoo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patoomratana Tuchinda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napason Chabang
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Witchuda Saengsawang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellent Center for Drug Discovery (ECDD), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand; Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu T, Shindel AW, Lin G, Lue TF. Cellular signaling pathways modulated by low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy. Int J Impot Res 2019; 31:170-176. [PMID: 30670837 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) is a form of energy transfer that is of lower intensity (<0.2mJ/mm2) relative to traditional Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) used for management of urinary stones. At this intensity and at appropriate dosing energy transfer is thought to induce beneficial effects in human tissues. The proposed therapeutic mechanisms of action for Li-ESWT include neovascularization, tissue regeneration, and reduction of inflammation. These effects are thought to be mediated by enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Upregulation of chemoattractant factors and recruitment/activation of stem/progenitor cells may also play a role. Li-ESWT has been studied for management of musculoskeletal disease, ischemic cardiovascular disorders, Peyronie's Disease, and more recently erectile dysfunction (ED). The underlying mechanism of Li-ESWT for treatment of ED is incompletely understood. We summarize the current evidence basis by which Li-ESWT is thought to enhance penile hemodynamics with an intention of outlining the fundamental mechanisms by which this therapy may help manage ED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Liu
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,Department of Urology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100038, Beijing, China
| | - Alan W Shindel
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Tom F Lue
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Esposito MR, Binatti A, Pantile M, Coppe A, Mazzocco K, Longo L, Capasso M, Lasorsa VA, Luksch R, Bortoluzzi S, Tonini GP. Somatic mutations in specific and connected subpathways are associated with short neuroblastoma patients' survival and indicate proteins targetable at onset of disease. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2525-2536. [PMID: 29992558 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonic malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system with heterogeneous biological, morphological, genetic and clinical characteristics. Although genomic studies revealed the specific biological features of NB pathogenesis useful for new therapeutic approaches, the improvement of high-risk (HR)-NB patients overall survival remains unsatisfactory. To further clarify the biological basis of disease aggressiveness, we used whole-exome sequencing to examine the genomic landscape of HR-NB patients at stage M with short survival (SS) and long survival (LS). Only a few genes, including SMARCA4, SMO, ZNF44 and CHD2, were recurrently and specifically mutated in the SS group, confirming the low recurrence of common mutations in this tumor. A systems biology approach revealed that in the two patient groups, mutations occurred in different pathways. Mutated genes (ARHGEF11, CACNA1G, FGF4, PTPRA, PTK2, ANK3, SMO, NTNG2, VCL and NID2) regulate the MAPK pathway associated with the organization of the extracellular matrix, cell motility through PTK2 signaling and matrix metalloproteinase activity. Moreover, we detected mutations in LAMA2, PTK2, LAMA4, and MMP14 genes, impairing MET signaling, in SFI1 and CHD2 involved in centrosome maturation and chromosome remodeling, in AK7 and SPTLC2, which regulate the metabolism of nucleotides and lipoproteins, and in NALCN, SLC12A1, SLC9A9, which are involved in the transport of small molecules. Notably, connected networks of somatically mutated genes specific for SS patients were identified. The detection of mutated genes present at the onset of disease may help to address an early treatment of HR-NB patients using FDA-approved compounds targeting the deregulated pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Esposito
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Binatti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marcella Pantile
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Coppe
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Katia Mazzocco
- Translational Research Department, Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostics and Services U.O.C. Pathological Anatomy, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Longo
- U.O.C. Bioterapie, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Luksch
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gian Paolo Tonini
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Giannini M, Primerano C, Berger L, Giannaccini M, Wang Z, Landi E, Cuschieri A, Dente L, Signore G, Raffa V. Nano-topography: Quicksand for cell cycle progression? NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:2656-2665. [PMID: 30010000 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The 3-D spatial and mechanical features of nano-topography can create alternative environments, which influence cellular response. In this paper, murine fibroblast cells were grown on surfaces characterized by protruding nanotubes. Cells cultured on such nano-structured surface exhibit stronger cellular adhesion compared to control groups, but despite the fact that stronger adhesion is generally believed to promote cell cycle progression, the time cells spend in G1 phase is doubled. This apparent contradiction is solved by confocal microscopy analysis, which shows that the nano-topography inhibits actin stress fiber formation. In turn, this impairs RhoA activation, which is required to suppress the inhibition of cell cycle progression imposed by p21/p27. This finding suggests that the generation of stress fibers, required to impose the homeostatic intracellular tension, rather than cell adhesion/spreading is the limiting factor for cell cycle progression. Indeed, nano-topography could represent a unique tool to inhibit proliferation in adherent well-spread cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liron Berger
- Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute for Medical Science and Technology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
| | - Elena Landi
- Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alfred Cuschieri
- Institute for Medical Science and Technology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
| | - Luciana Dente
- Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Signore
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy; NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Roycroft A, Szabó A, Bahm I, Daly L, Charras G, Parsons M, Mayor R. Redistribution of Adhesive Forces through Src/FAK Drives Contact Inhibition of Locomotion in Neural Crest. Dev Cell 2018; 45:565-579.e3. [PMID: 29870718 PMCID: PMC5988567 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Contact inhibition of locomotion is defined as the behavior of cells to cease migrating in their former direction after colliding with another cell. It has been implicated in multiple developmental processes and its absence has been linked to cancer invasion. Cellular forces are thought to govern this process; however, the exact role of traction through cell-matrix adhesions and tension through cell-cell adhesions during contact inhibition of locomotion remains unknown. Here we use neural crest cells to address this and show that cell-matrix adhesions are rapidly disassembled at the contact between two cells upon collision. This disassembly is dependent upon the formation of N-cadherin-based cell-cell adhesions and driven by Src and FAK activity. We demonstrate that the loss of cell-matrix adhesions near the contact leads to a buildup of tension across the cell-cell contact, a step that is essential to drive cell-cell separation after collision. Focal adhesions disassemble at cell-cell contacts in contact inhibition of locomotion FA disassembly at the cell contact during CIL requires N-cadherin/Src/FAK signaling Cell separation during CIL involves a buildup of tension across the cell contact
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Roycroft
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - András Szabó
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Isabel Bahm
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Liam Daly
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Guillaume Charras
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL, London WC1H 0AH, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, London SE11UL, UK
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sun Q, Kanehira K, Taniguchi A. PEGylated TiO 2 nanoparticles mediated inhibition of cell migration via integrin beta 1. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2018; 19:271-281. [PMID: 29707067 PMCID: PMC5917434 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1444318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) elicit various physiological responses in cellular environment, and the effect of NPs on cell migration is of high interest. In this work, the effects of NPs on cell migration and their possible mechanisms were studied. Here, we showed that after exposure to pegylated titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-PEG NPs, where PEG stands for the polyethylene glycol), NCI-H292 cells exhibited slower migration than control cells. Furthermore, larger NPs inhibited cell migration much stronger than smaller NPs. Following NP exposure, the cells showed decreased expression of integrin beta 1 and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK), and disrupted F-actin structures. We demonstrated that a possible mechanism involved NP-mediated promotion of the lysosomal degradation of integrin beta 1, thus leading to reduced expression of pFAK and cytoskeletal disruption and inhibited cell migration. Therefore, our results showed that inhibition of NCI-H292 cell migration by NPs is mediated through integrin beta 1, which provides useful information for the application of NPs in cancer therapy and related fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Sun
- Cellular Functional Nanobiomaterials Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koki Kanehira
- Biotechnology Group, TOTO Ltd. Research Institute, Chigasaki, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Taniguchi
- Cellular Functional Nanobiomaterials Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Duran CL, Howell DW, Dave JM, Smith RL, Torrie ME, Essner JJ, Bayless KJ. Molecular Regulation of Sprouting Angiogenesis. Compr Physiol 2017; 8:153-235. [PMID: 29357127 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The term angiogenesis arose in the 18th century. Several studies over the next 100 years laid the groundwork for initial studies performed by the Folkman laboratory, which were at first met with some opposition. Once overcome, the angiogenesis field has flourished due to studies on tumor angiogenesis and various developmental models that can be genetically manipulated, including mice and zebrafish. In addition, new discoveries have been aided by the ability to isolate primary endothelial cells, which has allowed dissection of various steps within angiogenesis. This review will summarize the molecular events that control angiogenesis downstream of biochemical factors such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and lipids. These and other stimuli have been linked to regulation of junctional molecules and cell surface receptors. In addition, the contribution of cytoskeletal elements and regulatory proteins has revealed an intricate role for mobilization of actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments in response to cues that activate the endothelium. Activating stimuli also affect various focal adhesion proteins, scaffold proteins, intracellular kinases, and second messengers. Finally, metalloproteinases, which facilitate matrix degradation and the formation of new blood vessels, are discussed, along with our knowledge of crosstalk between the various subclasses of these molecules throughout the text. Compr Physiol 8:153-235, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille L Duran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - David W Howell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jui M Dave
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Melanie E Torrie
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Essner
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hernández AJA, Reyes VL, Albores-García D, Gómez R, Calderón-Aranda ES. MeHg affects the activation of FAK, Src, Rac1 and Cdc42, critical proteins for cell movement in PDGF-stimulated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Toxicology 2017; 394:35-44. [PMID: 29197552 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental neurotoxicant that inhibits neuronal migration. This process requires several cyclic steps involving the formation of membrane protrusions (lamellipodia and filopodia) and focal adhesion turnover. FAK and Src are critical proteins that regulate both processes. The FAK-Src complex promotes the activation of Rac1 and Cdc42, two GTPases involved in the remodeling of the actin cytoskeletal network. Here, we studied the effect of MeHg (1, 10, 100, 500 and 1000nM) on cell migration, the formation of cell protrusions, focal adhesion location and the activation of FAK, Src, Rac1 and Cdc42 using the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line stimulated with PDGF-BB (PDGF). The data show that MeHg (1-500nM) inhibited PDGF-stimulated cell migration. In PDGF-stimulated cells, MeHg (100-1000nM) decreased protrusions and increased the size of the p-FAKY397 clusters. MeHg also inhibited PDGF-induced FAK and Src activation and, at 100nM, MeHg inhibited the activation of Rac1 and Cdc42. Altogether, the findings show that low concentrations of MeHg inhibit SH-SY5Y cell migration by disrupting the activation and disassembly of FAK. This negatively affects the activation of Src, Rac1 and Cdc42, all of which are critical proteins for the regulation of cell movement. These effects could be related to the MeHg-mediated inhibition of PDGF-induced formation of lamellipodia and filopodia, focal adhesion disassembly and PDGF-induced movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rocío Gómez
- Departamento de Toxicologia, Cinvestav, DF. Mexico, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang J, Zhao W, Liu H, He H, Shao R. Myofibrillogenesis regulator 1 (MR-1): a potential therapeutic target for cancer and PNKD. J Drug Target 2017; 26:643-648. [PMID: 29103325 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1401077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human myofibrillogenesis regulator 1 (MR-1) is a functional gene also known as paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD). It is localised on human chromosome 2q35 and three different isomers, MR-1L, MR-1M and MR-1S, are formed by alternative splicing. MR-1S promotes cardiac hypertrophy and is closely related to cancer. MR-1S is overexpressed in haematologic and solid malignancies, such as hepatoma, breast cancer and chronic myelogenous leukaemia. MR-1S causes disordered cell differentiation, initiates malignant transformation and accelerates metastasis. MR-1S directly phosphorylates and activates the MEK-ERK-RSK pathway to accelerate cancer growth and facilitates metastasis by activating the MLC2-FAK-AKT pathway. Silencing MR-1 inhibits cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. MR-1S causes disordered cell differentiation, initiates malignant transformation and accelerates metastasis. MR-1 interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factors and MRIP-1, which contains Ras GTPase, PH and zinc-containing ArfGap domains, as well as three ankyrin repeats. Mutations in the N-terminal region of MR-1L and MR-1S are the main causes of PNKD (a hereditary disease characterised by paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis) and targeting the mutated protein could provide symptomatic relief. These findings provide compelling evidence that MR-1 might be a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for solid tumours, myelogenous leukaemia and PNKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , PR China
| | - Wuli Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , PR China
| | - Hongwei He
- a Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , PR China
| | - Rongguang Shao
- a Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jung SY, Kho S, Song KH, Ahn J, Park IC, Nam KY, Hwang SG, Nam SY, Cho SJ, Song JY. Novel focal adhesion kinase 1 inhibitor sensitizes lung cancer cells to radiation in a p53-independent manner. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1583-1589. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
31
|
Min SK, Kang HK, Jung SY, Jang DH, Min BM. A vitronectin-derived peptide reverses ovariectomy-induced bone loss via regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:268-281. [PMID: 28937683 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis affects millions of people worldwide by promoting bone resorption and impairing bone formation. Bisphosphonates, commonly used agents to treat osteoporosis, cannot reverse the substantial bone loss that has already occurred by the time of diagnosis. Moreover, their undesirable side-effects, including osteonecrosis of the jaw, have been reported. Here, we demonstrated that a new bioactive core vitronectin-derived peptide (VnP-16) promoted bone formation by accelerating osteoblast differentiation and activity through direct interaction with β1 integrin followed by FAK activation. Concomitantly, VnP-16 inhibited bone resorption by restraining JNK-c-Fos-NFATc1-induced osteoclast differentiation and αvβ3 integrin-c-Src-PYK2-mediated resorptive function. Moreover, VnP-16 decreased the bone resorbing activity of pre-existing mature osteoclasts without changing their survival rate. Furthermore, VnP-16 had a strong anabolic effect on bone regeneration by stimulating osteoblast differentiation and increasing osteoblast number, and significantly alleviated proinflammatory cytokine-induced bone resorption by restraining osteoclast differentiation and function in murine models. Moreover, VnP-16 could reverse ovariectomy-induced bone loss by both inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation. Given its dual role in promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption, our results suggest that VnP-16 could be an attractive therapeutic agent for treating osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ki Min
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ki Kang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Youn Jung
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hyun Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Moo Min
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
HMGA2 upregulation mediates Cd-induced migration and invasion in A549 cells and in lung tissues of mice. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 277:1-7. [PMID: 28830677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal widely found in a number of environmental matrices, and it induces serious adverse effects in various organs and tissues. In this study, the role of high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) in promoting migration and invasion in Cd-treated A549 cells and lung tissues of mice was investigated. Our findings showed that exposure to Cd (2 μM) for 48 h or subcutaneous injection of Cd daily for 6 weeks significantly enhanced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), and HMGA2 in A549 cells or lung tissues of mice. In A549 cells, HMGA2 knockdown significantly decreased expression of MMP-9, MMP-2 and p-FAK and inhibited the migration and invasion compared to that of only Cd-treated cultures. Overexpression of HMGA2 in HEK-293T cells increased expression of MMP-9, MMP-2 and p-FAK and enhanced the migration and invasion compared with the empty vector transfection group. In conclusion, upregulation of HMGA2 plays an important role in Cd-enhanced migration and invasion. Suppressing HMGA2 expression might have potential values in prevention of Cd-resulted toxicities.
Collapse
|
33
|
FAK phosphorylation plays a central role in thrombin-induced RPE cell migration. Cell Signal 2017; 36:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
34
|
Atherton P, Lausecker F, Harrison A, Ballestrem C. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes cell motility through vinculin-controlled Rac1 GTPase activity. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2277-2291. [PMID: 28576970 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.192781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a therapy used clinically to promote healing. Using live-cell imaging we show that LIPUS stimulation, acting through integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesions, rapidly induces Rac1 activation associated with dramatic actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. Our study demonstrates that the mechanosensitive focal adhesion (FA) protein vinculin, and both focal adhesion kinase (FAK, also known as PTK2) and Rab5 (both the Rab5a and Rab5b isoforms) have key roles in regulating these effects. Inhibiting the link of vinculin to the actin-cytoskeleton abolished LIPUS sensing. We show that this vinculin-mediated link was not only critical for Rac1 induction and actin rearrangements, but was also important for the induction of a Rab5-dependent increase in the number of early endosomes. Expression of dominant-negative Rab5, or inhibition of endocytosis with dynasore, also blocked LIPUS-induced Rac1 signalling events. Taken together, our data show that LIPUS is sensed by cell matrix adhesions through vinculin, which in turn modulates a Rab5-Rac1 pathway to control ultrasound-mediated endocytosis and cell motility. Finally, we demonstrate that a similar FAK-Rab5-Rac1 pathway acts to control cell spreading upon fibronectin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Atherton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, USA
| | - Franziska Lausecker
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, USA
| | - Andrew Harrison
- Bioventus Cooperatief, Taurusavenue 31, 2132 LS Hoofddorp, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph Ballestrem
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li Y, Xiao Y, Liu C. The Horizon of Materiobiology: A Perspective on Material-Guided Cell Behaviors and Tissue Engineering. Chem Rev 2017; 117:4376-4421. [PMID: 28221776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the biological functions of cell and tissue can be regulated by biochemical factors (e.g., growth factors, hormones), the biophysical effects of materials on the regulation of biological activity are receiving more attention. In this Review, we systematically summarize the recent progress on how biomaterials with controllable properties (e.g., compositional/degradable dynamics, mechanical properties, 2D topography, and 3D geometry) can regulate cell behaviors (e.g., cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation, cell alignment, and the differentiation or self-maintenance of stem cells) and tissue/organ functions. How the biophysical features of materials influence tissue/organ regeneration have been elucidated. Current challenges and a perspective on the development of novel materials that can modulate specific biological functions are discussed. The interdependent relationship between biomaterials and biology leads us to propose the concept of "materiobiology", which is a scientific discipline that studies the biological effects of the properties of biomaterials on biological functions at cell, tissue, organ, and the whole organism levels. This Review highlights that it is more important to develop ECM-mimicking biomaterials having a self-regenerative capacity to stimulate tissue regeneration, instead of attempting to recreate the complexity of living tissues or tissue constructs ex vivo. The principles of materiobiology may benefit the development of novel biomaterials providing combinative bioactive cues to activate the migration of stem cells from endogenous reservoirs (i.e., cell niches), stimulate robust and scalable self-healing mechanisms, and unlock the body's innate powers of regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Li
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology , Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology , Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology , Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hall JE, Schaller MD. Phospholipid binding to the FAK catalytic domain impacts function. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172136. [PMID: 28222177 PMCID: PMC5319746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase is an essential nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in development, in homeostasis and in the progression of human disease. Multiple stimuli activate FAK, which requires a change in structure from an autoinhibited to activated conformation. In the autoinhibited conformation the FERM domain associates with the catalytic domain of FAK and PI(4,5)P2 binding to the FERM domain plays a role in the release of autoinhibition, activating the enzyme. An in silico model of FAK/PI(4,5)P2 interaction suggests that residues on the catalytic domain interact with PI(4,5)P2, in addition to the known FERM domain PI(4,5)P2 binding site. This study was undertaken to test the significance of this in silico observation. Mutations designed to disrupt the putative PI(4,5)P2 binding site were engineered into FAK. These mutants exhibited defects in phosphorylation and failed to completely rescue the phenotype associated with fak-/- phenotype fibroblasts demonstrating the importance of these residues in FAK function. The catalytic domain of FAK exhibited PI(4,5)P2 binding in vitro and binding activity was lost upon mutation of putative PI(4,5)P2 binding site basic residues. However, binding was not selective for PI(4,5)P2, and the catalytic domain bound to several phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation variants. The mutant exhibiting the most severe biological defect was defective for phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding, supporting the model that catalytic domain phospholipid binding is important for biochemical and biological function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E. Hall
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Michael D. Schaller
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
- Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cimadamore A, Scarpelli M, Piva F, Massari F, Gasparrini S, Doria A, Cheng L, Lopez-Beltran A, Montironi R. Activity of chemokines in prostate and renal tumors and their potential role as future therapeutic targets. Future Oncol 2017; 13:1105-1114. [PMID: 28147707 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a class of low-molecular-weight proteins that induce chemotaxis and are implicated in the modulation of angiogenesis. The imbalance among angiogenic and antiangiogenic chemokines can promote the development of several conditions, including chronic inflammation, dysplastic transformation and cancer. In this review, we describe the activity and clinical significance of chemokines in prostate and renal tumors and provide an update on ongoing studies in this setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialist Clinical & Odontostomatological Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Gasparrini
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Doria
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Antonio Lopez-Beltran
- Department of Surgery & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cordoba University Medical School, Cordoba, Spain.,Champalimaud Clinical Center, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
RNase L is a regulated endoribonuclease that functions in the interferon antiviral response. Activation of RNase L by 2', 5'-oligoadenylates has been linked to apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation. Genetic studies have also suggested the possible involvement of the RNase L gene (RNASEL) on chromosome 1q25.3 in several types of cancer. Here we report that ablation of RNase L in human prostate cancer PC3 cells by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology enhanced cell migration as determined both by transwell assays and scratch wound healing assays. In addition, RNase L knockdown by means of RNAi increased migration of PC3 and DU145 cells in response to either fibronectin or serum stimulation, as did homozygous disruption of the RNase L gene in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Serum or fibronectin stimulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) autophosphorylation on tyrosine-397 was increased by either knockdown or ablation of RNase L. In contrast, a missense mutant RNase L (R667A) lacking catalytic activity failed to suppress cell migration in PC3 cells. However, a nuclease-inactive mutant mouse RNase L (W630A) was able to partially inhibit migration of mouse fibroblasts. Consistent with a role for the catalytic activity of RNase L, transfection of PC3 cells with the RNase L activator, 2', 5'-oligoadenylate, suppressed cell migration. RNase L knockdown in PC3 cells enhanced tumor growth and metastasis following implantation in the mouse prostate. Our results suggest that naturally occurring mutations in the RNase L gene might promote enhanced cell migration and metastasis.
Collapse
|
39
|
Sanchez AM, Shortrede JE, Vargas-Roig LM, Flamini MI. Retinoic acid induces nuclear FAK translocation and reduces breast cancer cell adhesion through Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 430:1-11. [PMID: 27130522 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, with metastases being the cause of death in 98%. In previous works we have demonstrated that retinoic acid (RA), the main retinoic acid receptor (RAR) ligand, is involved in the metastatic process by inhibiting migration through a reduced expression of the specific migration-related proteins Moesin, c-Src, and FAK. At present, our hypothesis is that RA also acts for short periods in a non-genomic action to cooperate with motility reduction and morphology of breast cancer cells. Here we identify that the administration of 10(-6) M RA (10-20 min) induces the activation of the migration-related proteins Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin in T-47D breast cancer cells. The phosphorylation exerted by the selective agonists for RARα and RARβ, on Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin was comparable to the activation exerted by RA. The RARγ agonist only led to a weak activation, suggesting the involvement of RARα and RARβ in this pathway. We then treated the cells with different inhibitors that are involved in cell signaling to regulate the mechanisms of cell motility. RA failed to activate Moesin, FAK, and Paxillin in cells treated with Src inhibitor (PP2) and PI3K inhibitor (WM), suggesting the participation of Src-PI3K in this pathway. Treatment with 10(-6) M RA for 20 min significantly decreased cell adhesion. However, when cells were treated with 10(-6) M RA and FAK inhibitor, the RA did not significantly inhibit adhesion, suggesting a role of FAK in the adhesion inhibited by RA. By immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analysis we demonstrated that RA induced nuclear FAK translocation leading to a reduced cellular adhesion. These findings provide new information on the actions of RA for short periods. RA participates in cell adhesion and subsequent migration, modulating the relocation and activation of proteins involved in cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Matías Sanchez
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jorge Eduardo Shortrede
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Laura María Vargas-Roig
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina; School of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Marina Inés Flamini
- Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Research Council of Argentina, Mendoza, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Vascular growth responses to chronic arterial occlusion are unaffected by myeloid specific focal adhesion kinase (FAK) deletion. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27029. [PMID: 27244251 PMCID: PMC4886679 DOI: 10.1038/srep27029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriogenesis, or the lumenal expansion of pre-existing arterioles in the presence of an upstream occlusion, is a fundamental vascular growth response. Though alterations in shear stress stimulate arteriogenesis, the migration of monocytes into the perivascular space surrounding collateral arteries and their differentiation into macrophages is critical for this vascular growth response to occur. Focal adhesion kinase’s (FAK) role in regulating cell migration has recently been expanded to primary macrophages. We therefore investigated the effect of the myeloid-specific conditional deletion of FAK on vascular remodeling in the mouse femoral arterial ligation (FAL) model. Using laser Doppler perfusion imaging, whole mount imaging of vascular casted gracilis muscles, and immunostaining for CD31 in gastrocnemius muscles cross-sections, we found that there were no statistical differences in perfusion recovery, arteriogenesis, or angiogenesis 28 days after FAL. We therefore sought to determine FAK expression in different myeloid cell populations. We found that FAK is expressed at equally low levels in Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo blood monocytes, however expression is increased over 2-fold in bone marrow derived macrophages. Ultimately, these results suggest that FAK is not required for monocyte migration to the perivascular space and that vascular remodeling following arterial occlusion occurs independently of myeloid specific FAK.
Collapse
|
41
|
Hoon JL, Tan MH, Koh CG. The Regulation of Cellular Responses to Mechanical Cues by Rho GTPases. Cells 2016; 5:cells5020017. [PMID: 27058559 PMCID: PMC4931666 DOI: 10.3390/cells5020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rho GTPases regulate many cellular signaling cascades that modulate cell motility, migration, morphology and cell division. A large body of work has now delineated the biochemical cues and pathways, which stimulate the GTPases and their downstream effectors. However, cells also respond exquisitely to biophysical and mechanical cues such as stiffness and topography of the extracellular matrix that profoundly influence cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. As these cellular responses are mediated by the actin cytoskeleton, an involvement of Rho GTPases in the transduction of such cues is not unexpected. In this review, we discuss an emerging role of Rho GTPase proteins in the regulation of the responses elicited by biophysical and mechanical stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ling Hoon
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Mei Hua Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Cheng-Gee Koh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
- Mechanobiology Institute, Singapore 117411, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) is a member of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases and plays an important role in diverse cellular events downstream of the integrin-family of receptors, including cell migration, proliferation and survival. Here, we have identified a novel role for Src kinase in priming Pyk2 phosphorylation and subsequent activation upon cell attachment on the integrin-ligand fibronectin. By using complementary methods, we show that Src activity is indispensable for the initial Pyk2 phosphorylation on the Y402 site observed in response to cell attachment. In contrast, the initial fibronectin-induced autophosphorylation of FAK in the homologous Y397 site occurs in a Src-independent manner. We demonstrate that the SH2-domain of Src is required for Src binding to Pyk2 and for Pyk2 phosphorylation at sites Y402 and Y579. Moreover, Y402 phosphorylation is a prerequisite for the subsequent Y579 phosphorylation. While this initial phosphorylation of Pyk2 by Src is independent of Pyk2 kinase activity, subsequent autophosphorylation of Pyk2 in trans is required for full Pyk2 phosphorylation and activation. Collectively, our studies reveal a novel function of Src in priming Pyk2 (but not FAK) phosphorylation and subsequent activation downstream of integrins, and shed light on the signaling events that regulate the function of Pyk2.
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhao XK, Cheng Y, Liang Cheng M, Yu L, Mu M, Li H, Liu Y, Zhang B, Yao Y, Guo H, Wang R, Zhang Q. Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulates Fibroblast Migration via Integrin beta-1 and Plays a Central Role in Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19276. [PMID: 26763945 PMCID: PMC4725867 DOI: 10.1038/srep19276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a major medical problem for the aging population worldwide. Fibroblast migration plays an important role in fibrosis. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) senses the extracellular stimuli and initiates signaling cascades that promote cell migration. This study first examined the dose and time responses of FAK activation in human lung fibroblasts treated with platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB). The data indicate that FAK is directly recruited by integrin β1 and the subsequent FAK activation is required for fibroblast migration on fibronectin. In addition, the study has identified that α5β1 and α4β1 are the major integrins for FAK-mediated fibroblast migration on fibronect. In contrast, integrins αvβ3, αvβ6, and αvβ8 play a minor but distinct role in fibroblast migration on fibronectin. FAK inhibitor significantly reduces PDGF-BB stimulated fibroblast migration. Importantly, FAK inhibitor protects bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. FAK inhibitor blocks FAK activation and significantly reduces signaling cascade of fibroblast migration in bleomycin-challenged mice. Furthermore, FAK inhibitor decreases lung fibrotic score, collagen accumulation, fibronectin production, and myofibroblast differentiation in in bleomycin-challenged mice. These data demonstrate that FAK mediates fibroblast migration mainly via integrin β1. Furthermore, the findings suggest that targeting FAK signaling is an effective therapeutic strategy against fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ke Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yiju Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Liang Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Mao Mu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Baofang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yumei Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jacob RS, George E, Singh PK, Salot S, Anoop A, Jha NN, Sen S, Maji SK. Cell Adhesion on Amyloid Fibrils Lacking Integrin Recognition Motif. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:5278-98. [PMID: 26742841 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.678177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are highly ordered, cross-β-sheet-rich protein/peptide aggregates associated with both human diseases and native functions. Given the well established ability of amyloids in interacting with cell membranes, we hypothesize that amyloids can serve as universal cell-adhesive substrates. Here, we show that, similar to the extracellular matrix protein collagen, amyloids of various proteins/peptides support attachment and spreading of cells via robust stimulation of integrin expression and formation of integrin-based focal adhesions. Additionally, amyloid fibrils are also capable of immobilizing non-adherent red blood cells through charge-based interactions. Together, our results indicate that both active and passive mechanisms contribute to adhesion on amyloid fibrils. The present data may delineate the functional aspect of cell adhesion on amyloids by various organisms and its involvement in human diseases. Our results also raise the exciting possibility that cell adhesivity might be a generic property of amyloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reeba S Jacob
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Edna George
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Pradeep K Singh
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Shimul Salot
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Arunagiri Anoop
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Narendra Nath Jha
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Shamik Sen
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Samir K Maji
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang B, Qi X, Li D, Feng M, Meng X, Fu S. Expression of pY397 FAK promotes the development of non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:979-983. [PMID: 26893679 PMCID: PMC4733957 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression has been identified as associated with cancer development and metastasis. Autophosphorylation of FAK at tyrosine (Y) 397 (pY397) performs a critical role in tumor cell signaling. However, few studies have evaluated the expression of pY397 FAK in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, pY397 FAK expression in NSCLC was investigated using immunohistochemistry. pY397 FAK staining scores were compared between various groups of specimens and the associations between clinical and pathological characteristics were investigated. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to determine the association between pY397 FAK expression and the prognosis of NSCLC patients. The results of the present study revealed that pY397 FAK expression was localized to the cytoplasm of lung cells, and that pY397 FAK was overexpressed in NSCLC tissues, as well as associated metastatic tissues, when compared with the corresponding non-tumor tissues. However, no significant difference was identified between the pY397 FAK expression in primary lesions and lymph node metastases. Furthermore, pY397 FAK staining scores were not found to be associated with the tumor size, gender, degree of differentiation, histotypes, presence of lymph node metastases or survival rate of NSCLC patients. These results indicate that pY397 FAK is involved with the development of NSCLC, but is not a prognostic marker for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baichun Wang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiuying Qi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Meiyan Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiangning Meng
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zalewska T, Bielawski A, Stanaszek L, Wieczerzak K, Ziemka-Nałęcz M, Nalepa I. Imipramine administration induces changes in the phosphorylation of FAK and PYK2 and modulates signaling pathways related to their activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:424-33. [PMID: 26620976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidepressants can modify neuronal functioning by affecting many levels of signal transduction pathways that are involved in neuroplasticity. We investigated whether the phosphorylation status of focal adhesion kinase (FAK/PTK2) and its homolog, PYK2/PTK2B, and their complex with the downstream effectors (Src kinase, p130Cas, and paxillin) are affected by administration of the antidepressant drug, imipramine. The treatment influence on the levels of ERK1/2 kinases and their phosphorylated forms (pERK1/2) or the Gαq, Gα11 and Gα12 proteins were also assessed. METHODS Rats were injected with imipramine (10 mg/kg, twice daily) for 21 days. The levels of proteins investigated in their prefrontal cortices were measured by Western blotting. RESULTS Imipramine induced contrasting changes in the phosphorylation of FAK and PYK2 at Tyr397 and Tyr402, respectively. The decreased FAK phosphorylation and increased PYK2 phosphorylation were reflected by changes in the levels of their complex with Src and p130Cas, which was observed predominantly after chronic imipramine treatment. Similarly only chronic imipramine decreased the Gαq expression while Gα11 and Gα12 proteins were untouched. Acute and chronic treatment with imipramine elevated ERK1 and ERK2 total protein levels, whereas only the pERK1 was significantly affected by the drug. CONCLUSION The enhanced activation of PYK2 observed here could function as compensation for FAK inhibition. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These data demonstrate that treatment with imipramine, which is a routine in counteracting depressive disorders, enhances the phosphorylation of PYK2, a non-receptor kinase instrumental in promoting synaptic plasticity. This effect documents as yet not considered target in the mechanism of imipramine action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Zalewska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Bielawski
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Luiza Stanaszek
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Wieczerzak
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Ziemka-Nałęcz
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Nalepa
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Banerjee M, Duan Q, Xie Z. SH2 Ligand-Like Effects of Second Cytosolic Domain of Na/K-ATPase α1 Subunit on Src Kinase. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142119. [PMID: 26551526 PMCID: PMC4638348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have suggested that the α1 Na/K-ATPase interacts with Src to form a receptor complex. In vitro binding assays indicate an interaction between second cytosolic domain (CD2) of Na/K-ATPase α1 subunit and Src SH2 domain. Since SH2 domain targets Src to specific signaling complexes, we expressed CD2 as a cytosolic protein and studied whether it could act as a Src SH2 ligand in LLC-PK1 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation analyses indicated a direct binding of CD2 to Src, consistent with the in vitro binding data. Functionally, CD2 expression increased basal Src activity, suggesting a Src SH2 ligand-like property of CD2. Consistently, we found that CD2 expression attenuated several signaling pathways where Src plays an important role. For instance, although it increased surface expression of Na/K-ATPase, it decreased ouabain-induced activation of Src and ERK by blocking the formation of Na/K-ATPase/Src complex. Moreover, it also attenuated cell attachment-induced activation of Src/FAK. Consequently, CD2 delayed cell spreading, and inhibited cell proliferation. Furthermore, these effects appear to be Src-specific because CD2 expression had no effect on EGF-induced activation of EGF receptor and ERK. Hence, the new findings indicate the importance of Na/K-ATPase/Src interaction in ouabain-induced signal transduction, and support the proposition that the CD2 peptide may be utilized as a Src SH2 ligand capable of blocking Src-dependent signaling pathways via a different mechanism from a general Src kinase inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Banerjee
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (MIIR), Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Qiming Duan
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zijian Xie
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (MIIR), Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Micropillar arrays as potential drug screens: Inhibition of micropillar-mediated activation of the FAK-Src-paxillin signaling pathway by the CK2 inhibitor CX-4945. Acta Biomater 2015; 27:13-20. [PMID: 26318800 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate the possible applications of micropillar arrays in screening anti-metastasis drugs. Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells incubated in multiwell plates containing micropillars exhibited markedly different physical/biochemical behavior depending on pillar dimensions. In particular, A549 cells grown in plates containing 2-μm diameter, 16-μm pitched pillar arrays showed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like behavior; cell body elongation, and highly increased activation of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-Src-paxillin signaling cascade. FAK is the most prominent kinase involved in dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. Activation of FAK, a hallmark of cancer cell adhesion and migration, is normally induced by various growth factors, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Here, we found that pillar-mediated activation of signaling molecules mimicked that induced by TGF-β. Notably, micropillar arrays with specific dimensions accelerated the elongation of cells, an effect linked to the activation of signaling molecules related to EMT. Micropillar-induced FAK activation could be arrested by the casein kinase-2 (CK2) inhibitor CX-4945, a drug candidate with activity against TGF-β-induced cancer cell metastasis, demonstrating the possibility of using inorganic microstructures for cell-based drug screening. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this work, we have fabricated flexible substrates with regular arrays of micrometersized pillars, and used them to grow A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cells exhibit dramatically different behavior depending on the intervals of pillars. Especially, cells grown in certain pillar structures show epithelial-to mesenchmal transition (EMT)-like morphology and related molecules, which is similar to the activation obtained using expensive cytokine TGF-β. Based on the fact that pillar arrays may activate EMT like transition, screening of anti-cancer drug using pillar arrays have demonstrated as well in our work. Our study confirms that mechanical stimulation may exert similar effects with chemical stimulation, and such mechanical structures could be used as a large-scale drug screening platforms. Cell morphogenesis on engineered substrate is not new, but the present work could be distinguished with its unique fabrication process that can mass produce the structures and it could be applied for high-throughput drug screening. Also, we suggest the formation of focal adhesions on pillar structures and consequent strain as the possible mechanism behind the observed EMT-like transition. Currently, we are working on full-scale profiling of metabolomics and proteomics of cells grown in large-scale pillar arrays as well.
Collapse
|
49
|
Shaifta Y, Irechukwu N, Prieto-Lloret J, MacKay CE, Marchon KA, Ward JPT, Knock GA. Divergent modulation of Rho-kinase and Ca(2+) influx pathways by Src family kinases and focal adhesion kinase in airway smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5265-80. [PMID: 26294392 PMCID: PMC4864488 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The importance of tyrosine kinases in airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Src‐family kinases (SrcFK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in GPCR‐mediated ASM contraction and associated signalling events. Experimental Approach Contraction was recorded in intact or α‐toxin permeabilized rat bronchioles. Phosphorylation of SrcFK, FAK, myosin light‐chain‐20 (MLC20) and myosin phosphatase targeting subunit‐1 (MYPT‐1) was evaluated in cultured human ASM cells (hASMC). [Ca2+]i was evaluated in Fura‐2 loaded hASMC. Responses to carbachol (CCh) and bradykinin (BK) and the contribution of SrcFK and FAK to these responses were determined. Key Results Contractile responses in intact bronchioles were inhibited by antagonists of SrcFK, FAK and Rho‐kinase, while after α‐toxin permeabilization, they were sensitive to inhibition of SrcFK and Rho‐kinase, but not FAK. CCh and BK increased phosphorylation of MYPT‐1 and MLC20 and auto‐phosphorylation of SrcFK and FAK. MYPT‐1 phosphorylation was sensitive to inhibition of Rho‐kinase and SrcFK, but not FAK. Contraction induced by SR Ca2+ depletion and equivalent [Ca2+]i responses in hASMC were sensitive to inhibition of both SrcFK and FAK, while depolarization‐induced contraction was sensitive to FAK inhibition only. SrcFK auto‐phosphorylation was partially FAK‐dependent, while FAK auto‐phosphorylation was SrcFK‐independent. Conclusions and Implications SrcFK mediates Ca2+‐sensitization in ASM, while SrcFK and FAK together and individually influence multiple Ca2+ influx pathways. Tyrosine phosphorylation is therefore a key upstream signalling event in ASM contraction and may be a viable target for modulating ASM tone in respiratory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Shaifta
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nneka Irechukwu
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jesus Prieto-Lloret
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Charles E MacKay
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Keisha A Marchon
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jeremy P T Ward
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Greg A Knock
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Integrin endosomal signalling suppresses anoikis. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:1412-21. [PMID: 26436690 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-containing focal adhesions transmit extracellular signals across the plasma membrane to modulate cell adhesion, signalling and survival. Although integrins are known to undergo continuous endo/exocytic traffic, the potential impact of endocytic traffic on integrin-induced signals is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that integrin signalling is not restricted to cell-ECM adhesions and identify an endosomal signalling platform that supports integrin signalling away from the plasma membrane. We show that active focal adhesion kinase (FAK), an established marker of integrin-ECM downstream signalling, localizes with active integrins on endosomes. Integrin endocytosis positively regulates adhesion-induced FAK activation, which is early endosome antigen-1 and small GTPase Rab21 dependent. FAK binds directly to purified endosomes and becomes activated on them, suggesting a role for endocytosis in enhancing distinct integrin downstream signalling events. Finally, endosomal integrin signalling contributes to cancer-related processes such as anoikis resistance, anchorage independence and metastasis.
Collapse
|