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Wang C, Hu M, Yu K, Liu W, Hu A, Kuang Y, Huang L, Gajendran B, Zacksenhaus E, Xiao X, Ben-David Y. An intricate regulatory circuit between FLI1 and GATA1/GATA2/LDB1/ERG dictates erythroid vs. megakaryocytic differentiation. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:107. [PMID: 38695236 PMCID: PMC11082641 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
During hematopoiesis, megakaryocytic erythroid progenitors (MEPs) differentiate into megakaryocytic or erythroid lineages in response to specific transcriptional factors, yet the regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated. Using the MEP‑like cell line HEL western blotting, RT‑qPCR, lentivirus‑mediated downregulation, flow cytometry as well as chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIp) assay demonstrated that the E26 transformation‑specific (ETS) transcription factor friend leukemia integration factor 1 (Fli‑1) inhibits erythroid differentiation. The present study using these methods showed that while FLI1‑mediated downregulation of GATA binding protein 1 (GATA1) suppresses erythropoiesis, its direct transcriptional induction of GATA2 promotes megakaryocytic differentiation. GATA1 is also involved in megakaryocytic differentiation through regulation of GATA2. By contrast to FLI1, the ETS member erythroblast transformation‑specific‑related gene (ERG) negatively controls GATA2 and its overexpression through exogenous transfection blocks megakaryocytic differentiation. In addition, FLI1 regulates expression of LIM Domain Binding 1 (LDB1) during erythroid and megakaryocytic commitment, whereas shRNA‑mediated depletion of LDB1 downregulates FLI1 and GATA2 but increases GATA1 expression. In agreement, LDB1 ablation using shRNA lentivirus expression blocks megakaryocytic differentiation and modestly suppresses erythroid maturation. These results suggested that a certain threshold level of LDB1 expression enables FLI1 to block erythroid differentiation. Overall, FLI1 controlled the commitment of MEP to either erythroid or megakaryocytic lineage through an intricate regulation of GATA1/GATA2, LDB1 and ERG, exposing multiple targets for cell fate commitment and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Maoting Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Kunlin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Wuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Anling Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yi Kuang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H2, Canada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biological Activity, Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, P.R. China
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In Vitro Human Haematopoietic Stem Cell Expansion and Differentiation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060896. [PMID: 36980237 PMCID: PMC10046976 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The haematopoietic system plays an essential role in our health and survival. It is comprised of a range of mature blood and immune cell types, including oxygen-carrying erythrocytes, platelet-producing megakaryocytes and infection-fighting myeloid and lymphoid cells. Self-renewing multipotent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and a range of intermediate haematopoietic progenitor cell types differentiate into these mature cell types to continuously support haematopoietic system homeostasis throughout life. This process of haematopoiesis is tightly regulated in vivo and primarily takes place in the bone marrow. Over the years, a range of in vitro culture systems have been developed, either to expand haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells or to differentiate them into the various haematopoietic lineages, based on the use of recombinant cytokines, co-culture systems and/or small molecules. These approaches provide important tractable models to study human haematopoiesis in vitro. Additionally, haematopoietic cell culture systems are being developed and clinical tested as a source of cell products for transplantation and transfusion medicine. This review discusses the in vitro culture protocols for human HSC expansion and differentiation, and summarises the key factors involved in these biological processes.
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Krüppel-Like Factor 1: A Pivotal Gene Regulator in Erythropoiesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193069. [PMID: 36231031 PMCID: PMC9561966 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1) plays a crucial role in erythropoiesis. In-depth studies conducted on mice and humans have highlighted its importance in erythroid lineage commitment, terminal erythropoiesis progression and the switching of globin genes from γ to β. The role of KLF1 in haemoglobin switching is exerted by the direct activation of β-globin gene and by the silencing of γ-globin through activation of BCL11A, an important γ-globin gene repressor. The link between KLF1 and γ-globin silencing identifies this transcription factor as a possible therapeutic target for β-hemoglobinopathies. Moreover, several mutations have been identified in the human genes that are responsible for various benign phenotypes and erythroid disorders. The study of the phenotype associated with each mutation has greatly contributed to the current understanding of the complex role of KLF1 in erythropoiesis. This review will focus on some of the principal functions of KLF1 on erythroid cell commitment and differentiation, spanning from primitive to definitive erythropoiesis. The fundamental role of KLF1 in haemoglobin switching will be also highlighted. Finally, an overview of the principal human mutations and relative phenotypes and disorders will be described.
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Ben-David Y, Gajendran B, Sample KM, Zacksenhaus E. Current insights into the role of Fli-1 in hematopoiesis and malignant transformation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:163. [PMID: 35412146 PMCID: PMC11072361 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fli-1, a member of the ETS family of transcription factors, was discovered in 1991 through retroviral insertional mutagenesis as a driver of mouse erythroleukemias. In the past 30 years, nearly 2000 papers have defined its biology and impact on normal development and cancer. In the hematopoietic system, Fli-1 controls self-renewal of stem cells and their differentiation into diverse mature blood cells. Fli-1 also controls endothelial survival and vasculogenesis, and high and low levels of Fli-1 are implicated in the auto-immune diseases systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis, respectively. In addition, aberrant Fli-1 expression is observed in, and is essential for, the growth of multiple hematological malignancies and solid cancers. Here, we review the historical context and latest research on Fli-1, focusing on its role in hematopoiesis, immune response, and malignant transformation. The importance of identifying Fli-1 modulators (both agonists and antagonists) and their potential clinical applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Klarke M Sample
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute, Max Bell Research Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Handzlik JE. Data-driven modeling predicts gene regulatory network dynamics during the differentiation of multipotential hematopoietic progenitors. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009779. [PMID: 35030198 PMCID: PMC8794271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular differentiation during hematopoiesis is guided by gene regulatory networks (GRNs) comprising transcription factors (TFs) and the effectors of cytokine signaling. Based largely on analyses conducted at steady state, these GRNs are thought to be organized as a hierarchy of bistable switches, with antagonism between Gata1 and PU.1 driving red- and white-blood cell differentiation. Here, we utilize transient gene expression patterns to infer the genetic architecture—the type and strength of regulatory interconnections—and dynamics of a twelve-gene GRN including key TFs and cytokine receptors. We trained gene circuits, dynamical models that learn genetic architecture, on high temporal-resolution gene-expression data from the differentiation of an inducible cell line into erythrocytes and neutrophils. The model is able to predict the consequences of gene knockout, knockdown, and overexpression experiments and the inferred interconnections are largely consistent with prior empirical evidence. The inferred genetic architecture is densely interconnected rather than hierarchical, featuring extensive cross-antagonism between genes from alternative lineages and positive feedback from cytokine receptors. The analysis of the dynamics of gene regulation in the model reveals that PU.1 is one of the last genes to be upregulated in neutrophil conditions and that the upregulation of PU.1 and other neutrophil genes is driven by Cebpa and Gfi1 instead. This model inference is confirmed in an independent single-cell RNA-Seq dataset from mouse bone marrow in which Cebpa and Gfi1 expression precedes the neutrophil-specific upregulation of PU.1 during differentiation. These results demonstrate that full PU.1 upregulation during neutrophil development involves regulatory influences extrinsic to the Gata1-PU.1 bistable switch. Furthermore, although there is extensive cross-antagonism between erythroid and neutrophil genes, it does not have a hierarchical structure. More generally, we show that the combination of high-resolution time series data and data-driven dynamical modeling can uncover the dynamics and causality of developmental events that might otherwise be obscured. The supply of blood cells is replenished by the maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells into different cell types. Which cell type a progenitor cell develops into is determined by a complex network of genes whose protein products directly or indirectly regulate each others’ expression and that of downstream genes characteristic of the cell type. We inferred the nature and causality of the regulatory connections in a 12-gene network known to affect the decision between erythrocyte and neutrophil cell fates using a predictive machine-learning approach. Our analysis showed that the overall architecture of the network is densely interconnected and not hierarchical. Furthermore, the model inferred that PU.1, considered a master regulator of all white-blood cell lineages, is upregulated during neutrophil development by two other proteins, Cebpa and Gfi1. We validated this prediction by showing that Cebpa and Gfi1 expression precedes that of PU.1 in single-cell gene expression data from mouse bone marrow. These results revise the architecture of the gene network and the causality of regulatory events guiding hematopoiesis. The results also show that combining machine learning approaches with time course data can help resolve causality during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Handzlik
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
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Wang M, Wang J, Zhang X, Yuan R. The complex landscape of haematopoietic lineage commitments is encoded in the coarse-grained endogenous network. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:211289. [PMID: 34737882 PMCID: PMC8564612 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Haematopoietic lineage commitments are presented by a canonical roadmap in which haematopoietic stem cells or multipotent progenitors (MPPs) bifurcate into progenitors of more restricted lineages and ultimately mature to terminally differentiated cells. Although transcription factors playing significant roles in cell-fate commitments have been extensively studied, integrating such knowledge into the dynamic models to understand the underlying biological mechanism remains challenging. The hypothesis and modelling approach of the endogenous network has been developed previously and tested in various biological processes and is used in the present study of haematopoietic lineage commitments. The endogenous network is constructed based on the key transcription factors and their interactions that determine haematopoietic cell-fate decisions at each lineage branchpoint. We demonstrate that the process of haematopoietic lineage commitments can be reproduced from the landscape which orchestrates robust states of network dynamics and their transitions. Furthermore, some non-trivial characteristics are unveiled in the dynamical model. Our model also predicted previously under-represented regulatory interactions and heterogeneous MPP states by which distinct differentiation routes are intermediated. Moreover, network perturbations resulting in state transitions indicate the effects of ectopic gene expression on cellular reprogrammes. This study provides a predictive model to integrate experimental data and uncover the possible regulatory mechanism of haematopoietic lineage commitments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Center for Quantitative Life Sciences and Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Quantitative Life Sciences and Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoshi Yuan
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94706, USA
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7
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SON inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation via repressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1000-1015. [PMID: 33247227 PMCID: PMC8155101 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A high incidence of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) in Down syndrome patients implies that chromosome 21 genes have a pivotal role in AMKL development, but the functional contribution of individual genes remains elusive. Here, we report that SON, a chromosome 21-encoded DNA- and RNA-binding protein, inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation by suppressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program. As megakaryocytic progenitors differentiate, SON expression is drastically reduced, with mature megakaryocytes having the lowest levels. In contrast, AMKL cells express an aberrantly high level of SON, and knockdown of SON induced the onset of megakaryocytic differentiation in AMKL cell lines. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses revealed that SON knockdown turns on the expression of pro-megakaryocytic genes while reducing erythroid gene expression. Mechanistically, SON represses RUNX1 expression by directly binding to the proximal promoter and two enhancer regions, the known +23 kb enhancer and the novel +139 kb enhancer, at the RUNX1 locus to suppress H3K4 methylation. In addition, SON represses the expression of the AP-1 complex subunits JUN, JUNB, and FOSB which are required for late megakaryocytic gene expression. Our findings define SON as a negative regulator of RUNX1 and megakaryocytic differentiation, implicating SON overexpression in impaired differentiation during AMKL development.
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8
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Lin KH, Chiang JC, Chen WM, Ho YH, Yao CL, Lee H. Transcriptional regulation of lysophosphatidic acid receptors 2 and 3 regulates myeloid commitment of hematopoietic stem cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C509-C519. [PMID: 33406026 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00506.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is one of the lipids identified to be involved in stem cell differentiation. It exerts various functions through activation of G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs). In previous studies, we have demonstrated that activation of LPA receptor 3 (LPA3) promotes erythropoiesis of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and zebrafish using molecular and pharmacological approaches. Our results show that treatment with lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 (LPA2) agonist suppressed erythropoiesis, whereas activation of LPA3 by 1-oleoyl-2-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphothionate (2S-OMPT) promoted it, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the inhibitory role of LPA3 during megakaryopoiesis. However, the mechanism underlying these observations remains elusive. In the present study, we suggest that the expression pattern of LPARs may be correlated with the transcriptional factors GATA-1 and GATA-2 at different stages of myeloid progenitors. We determined that manipulation of GATA factors affected the expression levels of LPA2 and LPA3 in K562 leukemia cells. Using luciferase assays, we demonstrate that the promoter regions of LPAR2 and LPAR3 genes were regulated by these GATA factors in HEK293T cells. Mutation of GATA-binding sites in these regions abrogated luciferase activity, suggesting that LPA2 and LPA3 are regulated by GATA factors. Moreover, physical interaction between GATA factors and the promoter region of LPAR genes was verified in K562 cells using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies. Taken together, our results suggest that balance between LPA2 and LPA3 expression, which may be determined by GATA factors, is a regulatory switch for lineage commitment in myeloid progenitors. The expression-level balance of LPA receptor subtypes represents a novel mechanism regulating erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jui-Chung Chiang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ya-Hsuan Ho
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kwon N, Thompson EN, Mayday MY, Scanlon V, Lu YC, Krause DS. Current understanding of human megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors and their fate determinants. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 28:28-35. [PMID: 33186151 PMCID: PMC7737300 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review focuses on our current understanding of fate decisions in bipotent megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEPs). Although extensive research has been carried out over decades, our understanding of how MEP commit to the erythroid versus megakaryocyte fate remains unclear. RECENT FINDINGS We discuss the isolation of primary human MEP, and focus on gene expression patterns, epigenetics, transcription factors and extrinsic factors that have been implicated in MEP fate determination. We conclude with an overview of the open debates in the field of MEP biology. SUMMARY Understanding MEP fate is important because defects in megakaryocyte and erythrocyte development lead to disease states such as anaemia, thrombocytopenia and leukaemia. MEP also represent a model system for studying fundamental principles underlying cell fate decisions of bipotent and pluripotent progenitors, such that discoveries in MEP are broadly applicable to stem/progenitor cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kwon
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Evrett N. Thompson
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Madeline Y. Mayday
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Vanessa Scanlon
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Yi-Chien Lu
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Diane S. Krause
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
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Ferguson DCJ, Mokim JH, Meinders M, Moody ERR, Williams TA, Cooke S, Trakarnsanga K, Daniels DE, Ferrer-Vicens I, Shoemark D, Tipgomut C, Macinnes KA, Wilson MC, Singleton BK, Frayne J. Characterization and evolutionary origin of novel C 2H 2 zinc finger protein (ZNF648) required for both erythroid and megakaryocyte differentiation in humans. Haematologica 2020; 106:2859-2873. [PMID: 33054117 PMCID: PMC8561289 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.256347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human ZNF648 is a novel poly C-terminal C2H2 zinc finger protein identified amongst the most dysregulated proteins in erythroid cells differentiated from iPSC. Its nuclear localisation and structure indicate it is likely a DNA-binding protein. Using a combination of ZNF648 overexpression in an iPSC line and primary adult erythroid cells, ZNF648 knockdown in primary adult erythroid cells and megakaryocytes, comparative proteomics and transcriptomics we show that ZNF648 is required for both erythroid and megakaryocyte differentiation. Orthologues of ZNF648 were detected across Mammals, Reptilia, Actinopterygii, in some Aves, Amphibia and Coelacanthiformes suggesting the gene originated in the common ancestor of Osteichthyes (Euteleostomi or bony fish). Conservation of the C-terminal zinc finger domain is higher, with some variation in zinc finger number but a core of at least six zinc fingers conserved across all groups, with the N-terminus recognisably similar within but not between major lineages. This suggests the N-terminus of ZNF648 evolves faster than the C-terminus, however this is not due to exon-shuffling as the entire coding region of ZNF648 is within a single exon. As for other such transcription factors, the N-terminus likely carries out regulatory functions, but showed no sequence similarity to any known domains. The greater functional constraint on the zinc finger domain suggests ZNF648 binds at least some similar regions of DNA in the different organisms. However, divergence of the N-terminal region may enable differential expression, allowing adaptation of function in the different organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. J. Ferguson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,*DCJF and JHM contributed equally as co-first authors
| | - Juraidah Haji Mokim
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,*DCJF and JHM contributed equally as co-first authors
| | | | | | - Tom A. Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Cooke
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kongtana Trakarnsanga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Deborah E. Daniels
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Blood Cell Products, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Chartsiam Tipgomut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Katherine A. Macinnes
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Blood Cell Products, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Belinda K. Singleton
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Blood Cell Products, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Bristol, UK
| | - Jan Frayne
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.; NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red blood cell products, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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Di Genua C, Valletta S, Buono M, Stoilova B, Sweeney C, Rodriguez-Meira A, Grover A, Drissen R, Meng Y, Beveridge R, Aboukhalil Z, Karamitros D, Belderbos ME, Bystrykh L, Thongjuea S, Vyas P, Nerlov C. C/EBPα and GATA-2 Mutations Induce Bilineage Acute Erythroid Leukemia through Transformation of a Neomorphic Neutrophil-Erythroid Progenitor. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:690-704.e8. [PMID: 32330454 PMCID: PMC7218711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) commonly involves both myeloid and erythroid lineage transformation. However, the mutations that cause AEL and the cell(s) that sustain the bilineage leukemia phenotype remain unknown. We here show that combined biallelic Cebpa and Gata2 zinc finger-1 (ZnF1) mutations cooperatively induce bilineage AEL, and that the major leukemia-initiating cell (LIC) population has a neutrophil-monocyte progenitor (NMP) phenotype. In pre-leukemic NMPs Cebpa and Gata2 mutations synergize by increasing erythroid transcription factor (TF) expression and erythroid TF chromatin access, respectively, thereby installing ectopic erythroid potential. This erythroid-permissive chromatin conformation is retained in bilineage LICs. These results demonstrate that synergistic transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming by leukemia-initiating mutations can generate neomorphic pre-leukemic progenitors, defining the lineage identity of the resulting leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Di Genua
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Simona Valletta
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Mario Buono
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Bilyana Stoilova
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Connor Sweeney
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alba Rodriguez-Meira
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Amit Grover
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Roy Drissen
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Yiran Meng
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ryan Beveridge
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Zahra Aboukhalil
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Dimitris Karamitros
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Mirjam E Belderbos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Leonid Bystrykh
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Supat Thongjuea
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Paresh Vyas
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Claus Nerlov
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
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12
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Zebrafish for thrombocytopoiesis- and hemostasis-related researches and disorders. BLOOD SCIENCE 2020; 2:44-49. [PMID: 35402814 PMCID: PMC8975081 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play vital roles in hemostasis, inflammation, and vascular biology. Platelets are also active participants in the immune responses. As vertebrates, zebrafish have a highly conserved hematopoietic system in the developmental, cellular, functional, biochemical, and genetic levels with mammals. Thrombocytes in zebrafish are functional homologs of mammalian platelets. Here, we summarized thrombocyte development, function, and related research techniques in zebrafish, and reviewed available zebrafish models of platelet-associated disorders, including congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, inherited thrombocytopenia, essential thrombocythemia, and blood coagulation disorders such as gray platelet syndrome. These elegant zebrafish models and methods are crucial for understanding the molecular and genetic mechanisms of thrombocyte development and function, and provide deep insights into related human disease pathophysiology and drug development.
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13
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Lin KH, Chiang JC, Ho YH, Yao CL, Lee H. Lysophosphatidic Acid and Hematopoiesis: From Microenvironmental Effects to Intracellular Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062015. [PMID: 32188052 PMCID: PMC7139687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate hematopoiesis is a complex physiological process that is tightly regulated by intracellular signaling and extracellular microenvironment. In recent decades, breakthroughs in lineage-tracing technologies and lipidomics have revealed the existence of numerous lipid molecules in hematopoietic microenvironment. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive phospholipid molecule, is one of the identified lipids that participates in hematopoiesis. LPA exhibits various physiological functions through activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. The functions of these LPARs have been widely studied in stem cells, while the roles of LPARs in hematopoietic stem cells have rarely been examined. Nonetheless, mounting evidence supports the importance of the LPA-LPAR axis in hematopoiesis. In this article, we have reviewed regulation of hematopoiesis in general and focused on the microenvironmental and intracellular effects of the LPA in hematopoiesis. Discoveries in these areas may be beneficial to our understanding of blood-related disorders, especially in the context of prevention and therapy for anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
| | - Jui-Chung Chiang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ya-Hsuan Ho
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK;
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan;
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +8862-3366-2499; Fax: +8862-2363-6837
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14
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Nakagawa MM, Rathinam CV. Constitutive Activation of the Canonical NF-κB Pathway Leads to Bone Marrow Failure and Induction of Erythroid Signature in Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 25:2094-2109.e4. [PMID: 30463008 PMCID: PMC6945759 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway has been associated with a variety of human pathologies. However, molecular mechanisms through which canonical NF-κB affects hematopoiesis remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that deregulated canonical NF-κB signals in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) cause a complete depletion of HSC pool, pancytopenia, bone marrow failure, and premature death. Constitutive activation of IKK2 in HSCs leads to impaired quiescence and loss of function. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified an induction of “erythroid signature” in HSCs with augmented NF-κB activity. Mechanistic studies indicated a reduction of thrombopoietin (TPO)-mediated signals and its downstream target p57 in HSCs, due to reduced c-MpI expression in a cell-intrinsic manner. Molecular studies established Klf1 as a key suppressor of c-MpI in HSPCs with increased NF-κB. In essence, these studies identified a previously unknown mechanism through which exaggerated canonical NF-κB signals affect HSCs and cause pathophysiology. Nakagawa and Rathinam demonstrate that constitutive activation of IKK2 in HSCs causes a complete depletion of the HSC pool and impairs HSC functions due to a loss of “sternness” signature and an induction of erythroid signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Marshall Nakagawa
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, 701 W. 168(th) Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chozha Vendan Rathinam
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, 701 W. 168(th) Street, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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15
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Shah NA, Sarkar CA. Variable cellular decision-making behavior in a constant synthetic network topology. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:237. [PMID: 31088350 PMCID: PMC6515661 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-2866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Modules of interacting components arranged in specific network topologies have evolved to perform a diverse array of cellular functions. For a network with a constant topological structure, its function within a cell may still be tuned by changing the number of instances of a particular component (e.g., gene copy number) or by modulating the intrinsic biochemical properties of a component (e.g., binding strength or catalytic efficiency). How such perturbations affect cellular response dynamics remains poorly understood. Here, we explored these effects in a common decision-making motif, cross-antagonism with autoregulation, by synthetically constructing this network in yeast. Results We employed the engineering design strategy of reuse to build this topology with a single protein building block, TetR, creating necessary components through TetR mutations and fusion partners. We then studied the impact of several topology-preserving perturbations – strength of cross-antagonism, number of operator sites in a promoter, and gene dosage – on decision-making behavior. We found that reducing TetR repression strength, which hinders cross-antagonism, resulted in a loss of mutually exclusive cell responses. Unexpectedly, increasing the number of operator sites also impeded decision-making exclusivity, which may be a consequence of the averaging effect that arises when multiple transcriptional activators and repressors are accommodated at a given locus. Stochastic simulations of this topology revealed that, even for networks with high TetR repression strength and a low number of operator sites, increasing gene dosage can reduce exclusivity in response dynamics. We further demonstrated this result experimentally by quantifying gene copy numbers in selected yeast clones with differing phenotypic responses. Conclusions Our study illustrates how parameters that do not change the topological structure of a decision-making network can nonetheless exert significant influence on its response dynamics. These findings should further inform the study of native motifs, including the effects of topology-preserving mutations, and the robust engineering of synthetic networks. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-019-2866-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najaf A Shah
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Casim A Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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16
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17
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Dalby A, Ballester-Beltrán J, Lincetto C, Mueller A, Foad N, Evans A, Baye J, Turro E, Moreau T, Tijssen MR, Ghevaert C. Transcription Factor Levels after Forward Programming of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells with GATA1, FLI1, and TAL1 Determine Megakaryocyte versus Erythroid Cell Fate Decision. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:1462-1478. [PMID: 30503262 PMCID: PMC6294717 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of blood cells and their precursors from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in vitro has the potential to make a significant impact upon healthcare provision. We demonstrate that the forward programming of hPSCs through overexpression of GATA1, FLI1, and TAL1 leads to the production of a population of progenitors that can differentiate into megakaryocyte or erythroblasts. Using “rainbow” lentiviral vectors to quantify individual transgene expression in single cells, we demonstrate that the cell fate decision toward an erythroblast or megakaryocyte is dictated by the level of FLI1 expression and is independent of culture conditions. Early FLI1 expression is critical to confer proliferative potential to programmed cells while its subsequent silencing or maintenance dictates an erythroid or megakaryocytic fate, respectively. These committed progenitors subsequently expand and mature into megakaryocytes or erythroblasts in response to thrombopoietin or erythropoietin. Our results reveal molecular mechanisms underlying hPSC forward programming and novel opportunities for application to transfusion medicine. Overexpression of GATA1, TAL1, and FLI1 in hPSCS produces megakaryocytes and erythroblasts Lineage fate is an early event independent of cytokines but dictated by FLI1 transgene
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dalby
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Jose Ballester-Beltrán
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Chiara Lincetto
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Annett Mueller
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Nicola Foad
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Amanda Evans
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - James Baye
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Ernest Turro
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Thomas Moreau
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Marloes R Tijssen
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Cedric Ghevaert
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK.
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18
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Song J, Yuan C, Yang J, Liu T, Yao Y, Xiao X, Gajendran B, Xu D, Li Y, Wang C, Liu W, Wen M, Spaner D, Filmus J, Zacksenhaus E, Zhang Y, Hao X, Ben‐David Y. Novel flavagline‐like compounds with potent Fli‐1 inhibitory activity suppress diverse types of leukemia. FEBS J 2018; 285:4631-4645. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Song
- The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenic Regulation College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Sciences Chongqing University China
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Chunmao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Jue Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Tangjingjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Dahai Xu
- Department of Anatomy Norman Bethune College of Medicine Jilin University Changchun China
| | - You‐Jun Li
- Department of Anatomy Norman Bethune College of Medicine Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Wuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Min Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - David Spaner
- Biology Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada
| | - Jorge Filmus
- Biology Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine University of Toronto Canada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics Toronto General Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Canada
| | - Yiguo Zhang
- The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenic Regulation College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Sciences Chongqing University China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Yaacov Ben‐David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
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19
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Xavier-Ferrucio J, Krause DS. Concise Review: Bipotent Megakaryocytic-Erythroid Progenitors: Concepts and Controversies. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1138-1145. [PMID: 29658164 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells maintain blood formation throughout our lifetime by undergoing long- and short-term self-renewal, respectively. As progenitor cells progress through the hematopoiesis process, their differentiation capabilities narrow, such that the precursors become committed to only one or two lineages. This Review focuses on recent advances in the identification and characterization of bipotent megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors (MEP), the cells that can further produce two completely different functional outputs: platelets and red blood cells. The existence of MEP has sparked controversy as studies describing the requirement for this intermediate progenitor stage prior to commitment to the erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages have been potentially contradictory. Interpretation of these studies is complicated by the variety of species, cell sources, and analytical approaches used along with inherent challenges in the continuum of hematopoiesis, where hematopoietic progenitors do not stop at discrete steps on single paths as classically drawn in hematopoietic hierarchy models. With the goal of improving our understanding of human hematopoiesis, we discuss findings in both human and murine cells. Based on these data, MEP clearly represent a transitional stage of differentiation in at least one route to the generation of both megakaryocytes and erythroid cells. Stem Cells 2018;36:1138-1145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Xavier-Ferrucio
- Yale Stem Cell Center and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Diane S Krause
- Yale Stem Cell Center and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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20
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Tsai HP, Tsai TH, Hsieh YJ, Chen YT, Lee CL, Tsai YC, She TC, Lin CL, Chai CY, Kwan AL. Overexpression of Fli-1 in astrocytoma is associated with poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29174-29186. [PMID: 28418872 PMCID: PMC5438722 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Astrocytoma, a common and highly malignant type of brain tumor, is associated with poor overall survival despite advances in surgical treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The nuclear transcription factor Fli-1 has been shown to increase cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis in many types of cancer; however, previous reports have not described a correlation between clinical outcomes and Fli-1 in astrocytoma patients. The present study aimed to elucidate the clinical role of Fli-1 in astrocytoma. Results High-level of Fli-1 protein expression was significantly association with World Health Organization (WHO) high grade and poor prognosis. A multivariate analysis revealed that the WHO grade and Fli-1 protein expression were independent factor of prognostic factors of patients with astrocytoma. In addition, Fli-1 silencing inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion and led to the downregulation of Ki-67, VEGF, and cyclin D1 expression in the astrocytoma cells. Materials and methods Fli-1 protein expression in astrocytoma tissue samples were detected via immunohistochemistry, and potential correlations between clinical parameters and Fli-1 expression were assessed in patients with astrocytoma. Additionally, proliferation, invasion, and migration assays of astrocytoma cell lines were conducted to evaluate the effects of short interfering RNA (siRNA) on these processes; in addition, these cells were subjected to western blotting to detect the expression levels of Fli-1, Ki-67, VEGF, and Cyclin D1. Conclusion Fli-1 shows promise as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic molecular target for astrocytoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Pei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Hsin Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ling Lee
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chang She
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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21
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Zheng S, Papalexi E, Butler A, Stephenson W, Satija R. Molecular transitions in early progenitors during human cord blood hematopoiesis. Mol Syst Biol 2018; 14:e8041. [PMID: 29545397 PMCID: PMC5852373 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20178041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) give rise to diverse cell types in the blood system, yet our molecular understanding of the early trajectories that generate this enormous diversity in humans remains incomplete. Here, we leverage Drop-seq, a massively parallel single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach, to individually profile 20,000 progenitor cells from human cord blood, without prior enrichment or depletion for individual lineages based on surface markers. Our data reveal a transcriptional compendium of progenitor states in human cord blood, representing four committed lineages downstream from HSC, alongside the transcriptional dynamics underlying fate commitment. We identify intermediate stages that simultaneously co-express "primed" programs for multiple downstream lineages, and also observe striking heterogeneity in the early molecular transitions between myeloid subsets. Integrating our data with a recently published scRNA-seq dataset from human bone marrow, we illustrate the molecular similarity between these two commonly used systems and further explore the chromatin dynamics of "primed" transcriptional programs based on ATAC-seq. Finally, we demonstrate that Drop-seq data can be utilized to identify new heterogeneous surface markers of cell state that correlate with functional output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Zheng
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Efthymia Papalexi
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Butler
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Rahul Satija
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA .,Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Lin KH, Li MW, Chang YC, Lin YN, Ho YH, Weng WC, Huang CJ, Chang BE, Yao CL, Lee H. Activation of Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 3 Inhibits Megakaryopoiesis in Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Zebrafish. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:216-224. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chi Chang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Nung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Ho
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wei-Chun Weng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Jen Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bei-En Chang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Emerging mechanisms of long noncoding RNA function during normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Blood 2017; 130:1965-1975. [PMID: 28928124 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-06-788695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as vital components of gene programs controlling cell differentiation and function. Central to their functions is an ability to act as scaffolds or as decoys that recruit or sequester effector proteins from their DNA, RNA, or protein targets. lncRNA-modulated effectors include regulators of transcription, chromatin organization, RNA processing, and translation, such that lncRNAs can influence gene expression at multiple levels. Here we review the current understanding of how lncRNAs help coordinate gene expression to modulate cell fate in the hematopoietic system. We focus on a growing number of mechanistic studies to synthesize emerging principles of lncRNA function, emphasizing how they facilitate diversification of gene programming during development. We also survey how disrupted lncRNA function can contribute to malignant transformation, highlighting opportunities for therapeutic intervention in specific myeloid and lymphoid cancers. Finally, we discuss challenges and prospects for further elucidation of lncRNA mechanisms.
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24
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Liu T, Yao Y, Zhang G, Wang Y, Deng B, Song J, Li X, Han F, Xiao X, Yang J, Xia L, Li YJ, Plachynta M, Zhang M, Yan C, Mu S, Luo H, Zacksenhaus E, Hao X, Ben-David Y. A screen for Fli-1 transcriptional modulators identifies PKC agonists that induce erythroid to megakaryocytic differentiation and suppress leukemogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16728-16743. [PMID: 28052010 PMCID: PMC5369997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ETS-related transcription factor Fli-1 affects many developmental programs including erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation, and is frequently de-regulated in cancer. Fli-1 was initially isolated following retrovirus insertional mutagenesis screens for leukemic initiator genes, and accordingly, inhibition of this transcription factor can suppress leukemia through induction of erythroid differentiation. To search for modulators of Fli-1, we hereby performed repurposing drug screens with compounds isolated from Chinese medicinal plants. We identified agents that can transcriptionally activate or inhibit a Fli-1 reporter. Remarkably, agents that increased Fli-1 transcriptional activity conferred a strong anti-cancer activity upon Fli-1-expressing leukemic cells in culture. As opposed to drugs that suppress Fli1 activity and lead to erythroid differentiation, growth suppression by these new Fli-1 transactivating compounds involved erythroid to megakaryocytic conversion (EMC). The identified compounds are structurally related to diterpene family of small molecules, which are known agonists of protein kinase C (PKC). In accordance, these PKC agonists (PKCAs) induced PKC phosphorylation leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, increased cell attachment and EMC, whereas pharmacological inhibition of PKC or MAPK diminished the effect of our PKCAs. Moreover, in a mouse model of leukemia initiated by Fli-1 activation, the PKCA compounds exhibited strong anti-cancer activity, which was accompanied by increased presence of CD41/CD61 positive megakaryocytic cells in leukemic spleens. Thus, PKC agonists offer a novel approach to combat Fli-1-induced leukemia, and possibly other cancers,by inducing EMC in part through over-activation of the PKC-MAPK-Fli-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangjingjun Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Ye Wang
- College of Ecology, Lishui University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Jialei Song
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenic Regulation, College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jue Yang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guizhou, China
| | - You-Jun Li
- Department of Anatomy, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Maksym Plachynta
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Mu Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Heng Luo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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25
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26
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Ilsley MD, Gillinder KR, Magor GW, Huang S, Bailey TL, Crossley M, Perkins AC. Krüppel-like factors compete for promoters and enhancers to fine-tune transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:6572-6588. [PMID: 28541545 PMCID: PMC5499887 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of 17 transcription factors characterized by a conserved DNA-binding domain of three zinc fingers and a variable N-terminal domain responsible for recruiting cofactors. KLFs have diverse functions in stem cell biology, embryo patterning, and tissue homoeostasis. KLF1 and related family members function as transcriptional activators via recruitment of co-activators such as EP300, whereas KLF3 and related members act as transcriptional repressors via recruitment of C-terminal Binding Proteins. KLF1 directly activates the Klf3 gene via an erythroid-specific promoter. Herein, we show KLF1 and KLF3 bind common as well as unique sites within the erythroid cell genome by ChIP-seq. We show KLF3 can displace KLF1 from key erythroid gene promoters and enhancers in vivo. Using 4sU RNA labelling and RNA-seq, we show this competition results in reciprocal transcriptional outputs for >50 important genes. Furthermore, Klf3-/- mice displayed exaggerated recovery from anemic stress and persistent cell cycling consistent with a role for KLF3 in dampening KLF1-driven proliferation. We suggest this study provides a paradigm for how KLFs work in incoherent feed-forward loops or networks to fine-tune transcription and thereby control diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D. Ilsley
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Kevin R. Gillinder
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Graham W. Magor
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Stephen Huang
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | | | | | - Andrew C. Perkins
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
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27
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Norton LJ, Hallal S, Stout ES, Funnell APW, Pearson RCM, Crossley M, Quinlan KGR. Direct competition between DNA binding factors highlights the role of Krüppel-like Factor 1 in the erythroid/megakaryocyte switch. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3137. [PMID: 28600522 PMCID: PMC5466599 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family of transcription factors play critical roles in haematopoiesis. KLF1, the founding member of the family, has been implicated in the control of both erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. Here we describe a novel system using an artificial dominant negative isoform of KLF1 to investigate the role of KLF1 in the erythroid/megakaryocytic switch in vivo. We developed murine cell lines stably overexpressing a GST-KLF1 DNA binding domain fusion protein (GST-KLF1 DBD), as well as lines expressing GST only as a control. Interestingly, overexpression of GST-KLF1 DBD led to an overall reduction in erythroid features and an increase in megakaryocytic features indicative of a reduced function of endogenous KLF1. We simultaneously compared in vivo DNA occupancy of both endogenous KLF1 and GST-KLF1 DBD by ChIP qPCR. Here we found that GST-KLF1 DBD physically displaces endogenous KLF1 at a number of loci, providing novel in vivo evidence of direct competition between DNA binding proteins. These results highlight the role of KLF1 in the erythroid/megakaryocyte switch and suggest that direct competition between transcription factors with similar consensus sequences is an important mechanism in transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Norton
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Samantha Hallal
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Elizabeth S Stout
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Alister P W Funnell
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Richard C M Pearson
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Merlin Crossley
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Kate G R Quinlan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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28
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Abstract
A decade ago mainstream molecular biologists regarded it impossible or biologically ill-motivated to understand the dynamics of complex biological phenomena, such as cancer genesis and progression, from a network perspective. Indeed, there are numerical difficulties even for those who were determined to explore along this direction. Undeterred, seven years ago a group of Chinese scientists started a program aiming to obtain quantitative connections between tumors and network dynamics. Many interesting results have been obtained. In this paper we wish to test such idea from a different angle: the connection between a normal biological process and the network dynamics. We have taken early myelopoiesis as our biological model. A standard roadmap for the cell-fate diversification during hematopoiesis has already been well established experimentally, yet little was known for its underpinning dynamical mechanisms. Compounding this difficulty there were additional experimental challenges, such as the seemingly conflicting hematopoietic roadmaps and the cell-fate inter-conversion events. With early myeloid cell-fate determination in mind, we constructed a core molecular endogenous network from well-documented gene regulation and signal transduction knowledge. Turning the network into a set of dynamical equations, we found computationally several structurally robust states. Those states nicely correspond to known cell phenotypes. We also found the states connecting those stable states. They reveal the developmental routes-how one stable state would most likely turn into another stable state. Such interconnected network among stable states enabled a natural organization of cell-fates into a multi-stable state landscape. Accordingly, both the myeloid cell phenotypes and the standard roadmap were explained mechanistically in a straightforward manner. Furthermore, recent challenging observations were also explained naturally. Moreover, the landscape visually enables a prediction of a pool of additional cell states and developmental routes, including the non-sequential and cross-branch transitions, which are testable by future experiments. In summary, the endogenous network dynamics provide an integrated quantitative framework to understand the heterogeneity and lineage commitment in myeloid progenitors.
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29
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Ghaffarizadeh A, Podgorski GJ, Flann NS. Applying attractor dynamics to infer gene regulatory interactions involved in cellular differentiation. Biosystems 2017; 155:29-41. [PMID: 28254369 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) guide cellular differentiation. Determining the ways regulatory genes control expression of their targets is essential to understand and control cellular differentiation. The way a regulatory gene controls its target can be expressed as a gene regulatory function. Manual derivation of these regulatory functions is slow, error-prone and difficult to update as new information arises. Automating this process is a significant challenge and the subject of intensive effort. This work presents a novel approach to discovering biologically plausible gene regulatory interactions that control cellular differentiation. This method integrates known cell type expression data, genetic interactions, and knowledge of the effects of gene knockouts to determine likely GRN regulatory functions. We employ a genetic algorithm to search for candidate GRNs that use a set of transcription factors that control differentiation within a lineage. Nested canalyzing functions are used to constrain the search space to biologically plausible networks. The method identifies an ensemble of GRNs whose dynamics reproduce the gene expression pattern for each cell type within a particular lineage. The method's effectiveness was tested by inferring consensus GRNs for myeloid and pancreatic cell differentiation and comparing the predicted gene regulatory interactions to manually derived interactions. We identified many regulatory interactions reported in the literature and also found differences from published reports. These discrepancies suggest areas for biological studies of myeloid and pancreatic differentiation. We also performed a study that used defined synthetic networks to evaluate the accuracy of the automated search method and found that the search algorithm was able to discover the regulatory interactions in these defined networks with high accuracy. We suggest that the GRN functions derived from the methods described here can be used to fill gaps in knowledge about regulatory interactions and to offer hypotheses for experimental testing of GRNs that control differentiation and other biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Ghaffarizadeh
- Computer Science Department, Utah State University, 4205 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
| | - Gregory J Podgorski
- Biology Department, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
| | - Nicholas S Flann
- Computer Science Department, Utah State University, 4205 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States; Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, United States; Synthetic Biomanufacturing Institute, 1780 N. Research Park Way, Suite 108, North Logan, UT 84341, United States.
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30
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Cui B, Ren L, Xu QH, Yin LY, Zhou XY, Liu JX. Silver_ nanoparticles inhibited erythrogenesis during zebrafish embryogenesis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:295-305. [PMID: 27340786 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Silver_ nanoparticles (AgNPs), for their attractive antimicrobial properties, have become one of the most commercial nanomaterials used recently. AgNPs are reported to be toxic to blood cells of aquatic organisms and humans, however, few studies related to toxic effects of AgNPs in hematopoiesis using an in vivo model were available. Firstly, microarrays were applied to reveal transcriptional responses of zebrafish embryos to AgNPs at 24h post-fertilization (hpf)in this study, and hemoglobin genes were found to be down-regulated by AgNPs and to be enriched in the top 10 categories by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The reduced expressions of hemoglobin were further demonstrated by qRT-PCR detection, whole-mount in situ hybridization, and O-dianisidine staining at transcriptional and translational level. Next, the commitment of mesoderm, specification of hematopoietic progenitor cells and differentiation of erythroids were detected at different developmental stages in AgNPs-exposed embryos, and erythrogenesis were found to be inhibited by AgNPs in developmental-stage-specific and cell-specific manners. Finally, it was pointed out that AgNPs affected erythrogenesis mostly by their particles other than their releasing ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Cui
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Long Ren
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qin-Han Xu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Li-Yan Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, HaiKou, 570228, China.
| | - Xin-Ying Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan, Changde, 415000, China.
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31
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Genomic landscape of megakaryopoiesis and platelet function defects. Blood 2016; 127:1249-59. [PMID: 26787733 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-07-607952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryopoiesis is a complex, stepwise process that takes place largely in the bone marrow. At the apex of the hierarchy, hematopoietic stem cells undergo a number of lineage commitment decisions that ultimately lead to the production of polyploid megakaryocytes. On average, megakaryocytes release 10(11) platelets per day into the blood that repair vascular injuries and prevent excessive bleeding. This differentiation process is tightly controlled by exogenous and endogenous factors, which have been the topics of intense research in the hematopoietic field. Indeed, a skewing of megakaryocyte commitment and differentiation may entail the onset of myeloproliferative neoplasms and other preleukemic disorders together with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, whereas quantitative or qualitative defects in platelet production can lead to inherited platelet disorders. The recent advent of next-generation sequencing has prompted mapping of the genomic landscape of these conditions to provide an accurate view of the underlying lesions. The aims of this review are to introduce the physiological pathways of megakaryopoiesis and to present landmark studies on acquired and inherited disorders that target them. These studies have not only introduced a new era in the fields of molecular medicine and targeted therapies but may also provide us with a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying normal megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis that can inform efforts to create alternative sources of megakaryocytes and platelets.
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32
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Sengupta A, Upadhyay G, Sen S, Saleque S. Reciprocal regulation of alternative lineages by Rgs18 and its transcriptional repressor Gfi1b. J Cell Sci 2015; 129:145-54. [PMID: 26567214 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.177519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate diversification of cellular lineages from multi-potent progenitors is essential for normal development and homeostasis. The specification of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages represents an especially vital developmental event whose molecular regulation remains incompletely defined. We now demonstrate the role of Rgs18, a GTPase-activating protein and transcriptional target of the repressor Gfi1b, in regulating these processes in mouse and human cells. Gfi1b stringently represses Rgs18 expression in erythroid cells, whereas, during megakaryocytic differentiation, declining Gfi1b levels facilitate a robust induction of Rgs18. Concordantly, alterations in Rgs18 expression produce disparate outcomes by augmenting megakaryocytic and potently suppressing erythroid differentiation and vice versa. These phenotypes reflect the differential impact of Rgs18 on signaling through p38 MAPK family proteins, and ERK1 and ERK2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1, respectively) in the two lineages, which in turn alter the balance between the mutually antagonistic transcription factors Fli1 and Klf1. Overall, these results identify Rgs18 as a new and crucial effector of Gfi1b that regulates downstream signaling and gene expression programs to orchestrate erythro-megakaryocytic lineage choices. This dual role of Rgs18 in reciprocally regulating divergent lineages could exemplify generic mechanisms characteristic of multiple family members in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Sengupta
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Ghanshyam Upadhyay
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Sayani Sen
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Shireen Saleque
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
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33
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Abstract
Determining the developmental pathway leading to erythrocytes and being able to isolate their progenitors are crucial to understanding and treating disorders of red cell imbalance such as anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and polycythemia vera. Here we show that the human erythrocyte progenitor (hEP) can be prospectively isolated from adult bone marrow. We found three subfractions that possessed different expression patterns of CD105 and CD71 within the previously defined human megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitor (hMEP; Lineage(-) CD34(+) CD38(+) IL-3Rα(-) CD45RA(-)) population. Both CD71(-) CD105(-) and CD71(+) CD105(-) MEPs, at least in vitro, still retained bipotency for the megakaryocyte (MegK) and erythrocyte (E) lineages, although the latter subpopulation is skewed in differentiation toward the erythroid lineage. Notably, the proliferative and differentiation output of the CD71(intermediate(int)/+) CD105(+) subset of cells within the MEP population was completely restricted to the erythroid lineage with the loss of MegK potential. CD71(+) CD105(-) MEPs are erythrocyte-biased MEPs (E-MEPs) and CD71(int/+) CD105(+) cells are EPs. These previously unclassified populations may facilitate further understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing human erythroid development and serve as potential therapeutic targets in disorders of the erythroid lineage.
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34
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RUNX1 represses the erythroid gene expression program during megakaryocytic differentiation. Blood 2015; 125:3570-9. [PMID: 25911237 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-11-610519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of antagonizing transcription factors represents a mechanistic paradigm of bidirectional lineage-fate control during hematopoiesis. At the megakaryocytic/erythroid bifurcation, the cross-antagonism of krueppel-like factor 1 (KLF1) and friend leukemia integration 1 (FLI1) has such a decisive role. However, how this antagonism is resolved during lineage specification is poorly understood. We found that runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) inhibits erythroid differentiation of murine megakaryocytic/erythroid progenitors and primary human CD34(+) progenitor cells. We show that RUNX1 represses the erythroid gene expression program during megakaryocytic differentiation by epigenetic repression of the erythroid master regulator KLF1. RUNX1 binding to the KLF1 locus is increased during megakaryocytic differentiation and counterbalances the activating role of T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 1 (TAL1). We found that corepressor recruitment by RUNX1 contributes to a block of the KLF1-dependent erythroid gene expression program. Our data indicate that the repressive function of RUNX1 influences the balance between erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation by shifting the balance between KLF1 and FLI1 in the direction of FLI1. Taken together, we show that RUNX1 is a key player within a network of transcription factors that represses the erythroid gene expression program.
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Ho YH, Yao CL, Lin KH, Hou FH, Chen WM, Chiang CL, Lin YN, Li MW, Lin SH, Yang YJ, Lin CC, Lu J, Tigyi G, Lee H. Opposing regulation of megakaryopoiesis by LPA receptors 2 and 3 in K562 human erythroleukemia cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1851:172-83. [PMID: 25463482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Erythrocytes and megakaryocytes (MK) are derived from a common progenitor that undergoes lineage specification. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid growth factor was previously shown to be a regulator for erythropoietic process through activating LPA receptor 3 (LPA3). However, whether LPA affects megakaryopoiesis remains unclear. In this study, we used K562 leukemia cell line as a model to investigate the roles of LPA in MK differentiation. We demonstrated that K562 cells express both LPA2 and LPA3, and the expression levels of LPA2 are higher than LPA3. Treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a commonly used inducer of megakaryopoiesis, reciprocally regulates the expressions of LPA2 and LPA3. By pharmacological blockers and knockdown experiments, we showed that activation of LPA2 suppresses whereas, LPA3 promotes megakaryocytic differentiation in K562. The LPA2-mediated inhibition is dependent on β-catenin translocation, whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is a downstream signal for activation of LPA3. Furthermore, the hematopoietic transcriptional factors GATA-1 and FLI-1, appear to be involved in these regulatory mechanisms. Taken together, our results suggested that LPA2 and LPA3 may function as a molecular switch and play opposing roles during megakaryopoiesis of K562 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hsuan Ho
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan-Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fen-Han Hou
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Ling Chiang
- School of Biomedical Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Yu-Nung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Wei Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shi-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Jan Yang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chu-Cheng Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jenher Lu
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Gabor Tigyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, Memphis, USA.
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Giraud G, Stadhouders R, Conidi A, Dekkers DHW, Huylebroeck D, Demmers JAA, Soler E, Grosveld FG. NLS-tagging: an alternative strategy to tag nuclear proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:gku869. [PMID: 25260593 PMCID: PMC4245968 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of transcription factor complexes and their binding sites in the genome by affinity purification has yielded tremendous new insights into how genes are regulated. The affinity purification requires either the use of antibodies raised against the factor of interest itself or by high-affinity binding of a C- or N-terminally added tag sequence to the factor. Unfortunately, fusing extra amino acids to the termini of a factor can interfere with its biological function or the tag may be inaccessible inside the protein. Here, we describe an effective solution to that problem by integrating the ‘tag’ close to the nuclear localization sequence domain of the factor. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach with the transcription factors Fli-1 and Irf2bp2, which cannot be tagged at their extremities without loss of function. This resulted in the identification of novel proteins partners and a new hypothesis on the contribution of Fli-1 to hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Giraud
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Conidi
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick H W Dekkers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen A A Demmers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Soler
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands Laboratory of Hematopoiesis and Leukemic Stem Cells (LSHL), CEA/INSERM U967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France Center for Biomedical Genetics and Medical Epigenetics Consortium, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank G Grosveld
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands Center for Biomedical Genetics and Medical Epigenetics Consortium, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands Center for Biomedical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Faculty building, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Duncan MT, Shin S, Wu JJ, Mays Z, Weng S, Bagheri N, Miller WM, Shea LD. Dynamic transcription factor activity profiles reveal key regulatory interactions during megakaryocytic and erythroid differentiation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:2082-94. [PMID: 24853077 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The directed differentiation toward erythroid (E) or megakaryocytic (MK) lineages by the MK-E progenitor (MEP) could enhance the ex vivo generation of red blood cells and platelets for therapeutic transfusions. The lineage choice at the MEP bifurcation is controlled in large part by activity within the intracellular signal transduction network, the output of which determines the activity of transcription factors (TFs) and ultimately gene expression. Although many TFs have been implicated, E or MK differentiation is a complex process requiring multiple days, and the dynamics of TF activities during commitment and terminal maturation are relatively unexplored. Herein, we applied a living cell array for the large-scale, dynamic quantification of TF activities during MEP bifurcation. A panel of hematopoietic TFs (GATA-1, GATA-2, SCL/TAL1, FLI-1, NF-E2, PU.1, c-Myb) was characterized during E and MK differentiation of bipotent K562 cells. Dynamic TF activity profiles associated with differentiation towards each lineage were identified, and validated with previous reports. From these activity profiles, we show that GATA-1 is an important hub during early hemin- and PMA-induced differentiation, and reveal several characteristic TF interactions for E and MK differentiation that confirm regulatory mechanisms documented in the literature. Additionally, we highlight several novel TF interactions at various stages of E and MK differentiation. Furthermore, we investigated the mechanism by which nicotinamide (NIC) promoted terminal MK maturation using an MK-committed cell line, CHRF-288-11 (CHRF). Concomitant with its enhancement of ploidy, NIC strongly enhanced the activity of three TFs with known involvement in terminal MK maturation: FLI-1, NF-E2, and p53. Dynamic profiling of TF activity represents a novel tool to complement traditional assays focused on mRNA and protein expression levels to understand progenitor cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Duncan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208
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Song W, Hu L, Li W, Wang G, Li Y, Yan L, Li A, Cui J. Oncogenic Fli-1 is a potential prognostic marker for the progression of epithelial ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:424. [PMID: 24923303 PMCID: PMC4089852 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, but its etiology remains poorly understood. This study investigated the role of Fli-1 in ovarian carcinogenesis and disease survival. Methods Fli-1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 104 primary epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients with known follow-up data and 20 controls. Correlation between Fli-1 expression and clinical characteristics was evaluated with the logistic regression. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to assess the impact of Fli-1 expression on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Cell proliferation and migration assay were used to explore the function of Fli-1 in ovarian cancer cells. Results Fli-1 was expressed in 74% cases and up-regulated in EOC tissues compared with normal control tissues (p< 0.05). The high expression of Fli-1 was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, positive lymph nodal involvement, and poor OS and DFS (p< 0.05). Further analysis showed Fli-1 is an independent prognostic factor for OS and DFS. Down-regulation of Fli-1 inhibited cell proliferation but did not affect cell migration in SKOV3 cells. Conclusions This study revealed that Fli-1 played an essential role in the development and progression of ovarian cancers. Its overexpression is intimately related to malignant phenotypes and poor clinical outcome, suggesting that Fli-1 is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic molecular target in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ailing Li
- Cancer center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China.
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Foudi A, Kramer DJ, Qin J, Ye D, Behlich AS, Mordecai S, Preffer FI, Amzallag A, Ramaswamy S, Hochedlinger K, Orkin SH, Hock H. Distinct, strict requirements for Gfi-1b in adult bone marrow red cell and platelet generation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:909-27. [PMID: 24711581 PMCID: PMC4010908 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Strict, lineage-intrinsic requirement for continuous adult Gfi-1b expression at two distinct critical stages of erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. The zinc finger transcriptional repressor Gfi-1b is essential for erythroid and megakaryocytic development in the embryo. Its roles in the maintenance of bone marrow erythropoiesis and thrombopoiesis have not been defined. We investigated Gfi-1b’s adult functions using a loxP-flanked Gfi-1b allele in combination with a novel doxycycline-inducible Cre transgene that efficiently mediates recombination in the bone marrow. We reveal strict, lineage-intrinsic requirements for continuous adult Gfi-1b expression at two distinct critical stages of erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. Induced disruption of Gfi-1b was lethal within 3 wk with severely reduced hemoglobin levels and platelet counts. The erythroid lineage was arrested early in bipotential progenitors, which did not give rise to mature erythroid cells in vitro or in vivo. Yet Gfi-1b−/− progenitors had initiated the erythroid program as they expressed many lineage-restricted genes, including Klf1/Eklf and Erythropoietin receptor. In contrast, the megakaryocytic lineage developed beyond the progenitor stage in Gfi-1b’s absence and was arrested at the promegakaryocyte stage, after nuclear polyploidization, but before cytoplasmic maturation. Genome-wide analyses revealed that Gfi-1b directly regulates a wide spectrum of megakaryocytic and erythroid genes, predominantly repressing their expression. Together our study establishes Gfi-1b as a master transcriptional repressor of adult erythropoiesis and thrombopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adlen Foudi
- Cancer Center, 2 Center for Regenerative Medicine, and 3 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 4 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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40
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Avanzi MP, Mitchell WB. Ex Vivoproduction of platelets from stem cells. Br J Haematol 2014; 165:237-47. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro P. Avanzi
- Platelet Biology Laboratory; New York Blood Center; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute; New York NY USA
| | - William Beau Mitchell
- Platelet Biology Laboratory; New York Blood Center; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute; New York NY USA
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Ogino T, Kobuchi H, Fujita H, Matsukawa A, Utsumi K. Erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 erythroleukemic cells by monochloramine. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:292-302. [PMID: 24237253 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.865840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The induction of leukemic cell differentiation is a hopeful therapeutic modality. We studied the effects of monochloramine (NH2Cl) on erythroleukemic K562 cell differentiation, and compared the effects observed with those of U0126 and staurosporine, which are known inducers of erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation, respectively. CD235 (glycophorin) expression, a marker of erythroid differentiation, was significantly increased by NH2Cl and U0126, along with an increase in cd235 mRNA levels. Other erythroid markers such as γ-globin and CD71 (transferrin receptor) were also increased by NH2Cl and U0126. In contrast, CD61 (integrin β3) and CD42b (GP1bα) expression, markers of megakaryocytic differentiation, was increased by staurosporine, but did not change significantly by NH2Cl and U0126. NH2Cl retarded cell proliferation without a marked loss of viability. When ERK phosphorylation (T202/Y204) and CD235 expression were compared using various chemicals, a strong negative correlation was observed (r = -0.76). Paradoxically, NH2Cl and staurosporine, but not U0126, induced large cells with multiple or lobulated nuclei, which was characteristic to megakaryocytes. NH2Cl increased the mRNA levels of gata1 and scl, decreased that of gata2, and did not change those of pu.1 and klf1. The changes observed in mRNA expression were different from those of U0126 or staurosporine. These results suggest that NH2Cl induces the bidirectional differentiation of K562. Oxidative stress may be effective in inducing leukemic cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ogino
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Okayama Prefectural University , Soja , Japan
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Hirata S, Takayama N, Jono-Ohnishi R, Endo H, Nakamura S, Dohda T, Nishi M, Hamazaki Y, Ishii EI, Kaneko S, Otsu M, Nakauchi H, Kunishima S, Eto K. Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia iPS cells exhibit defective MPL-mediated signaling. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:3802-14. [PMID: 23908116 DOI: 10.1172/jci64721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is caused by the loss of thrombopoietin receptor-mediated (MPL-mediated) signaling, which causes severe pancytopenia leading to bone marrow failure with onset of thrombocytopenia and anemia prior to leukopenia. Because Mpl(-/-) mice do not exhibit the human disease phenotype, we used an in vitro disease tracing system with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a CAMT patient (CAMT iPSCs) and normal iPSCs to investigate the role of MPL signaling in hematopoiesis. We found that MPL signaling is essential for maintenance of the CD34+ multipotent hematopoietic progenitor (MPP) population and development of the CD41+GPA+ megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitor (MEP) population, and its role in the fate decision leading differentiation toward megakaryopoiesis or erythropoiesis differs considerably between normal and CAMT cells. Surprisingly, complimentary transduction of MPL into normal or CAMT iPSCs using a retroviral vector showed that MPL overexpression promoted erythropoiesis in normal CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), but impaired erythropoiesis and increased aberrant megakaryocyte production in CAMT iPSC-derived CD34+ HPCs, reflecting a difference in the expression of the transcription factor FLI1. These results demonstrate that impaired transcriptional regulation of the MPL signaling that normally governs megakaryopoiesis and erythropoiesis underlies CAMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Hirata
- Clinical Application Department, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Ma X, Liu JX. Eafs control erythroid cell fate by regulating c-myb expression through Wnt signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64576. [PMID: 23717633 PMCID: PMC3661582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
ELL associated factor 1 and ELL associated factor 2 (EAF1/2 factors) are reported to play important roles in tumor suppression and embryogenesis. Our previous studies showed that eaf factors mediated effective convergence and extension (C&E) movements and modulated mesoderm and neural patterning by regulating both non-canonical and canonical Wnt signaling in the early embryonic process. In this study, through knockdown of both eaf1 and eaf2 in embryos, we found that differentiation of primary erythroid cells was blocked, but hematopoietic precursor cells maintained in eafs morphants. Co-injection of c-myb-MO rescued the erythroid differentiation in eafs morphants, as indicated by the restored expression of the erythroid-specific gene, βe3 globin. In addition, low dosage of c-myb effectively blocked the βe3 globin expression in embryos, and did not affect the expression of markers of hematopoietic progenitor cells and other mesoderm, which was similar to the phenotypes we observed in eafs morphants. We also revealed that knockdown Wnt signaling by transiently inducing dn-Tcf in embryos at the bud stage down-regulated the increased c-myb to normal level and also restored βe3 globin expression in eafs morphants. Our evidence points to a novel role for eaf factors in controlling erythroid cell fate by regulating c-Myb expression through canonic Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufa Ma
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Sasaki H, Toda T, Furukawa T, Mawatari Y, Takaesu R, Shimizu M, Wada R, Kato D, Utsugi T, Ohtsu M, Murakami Y. α-1,6-Fucosyltransferase (FUT8) inhibits hemoglobin production during differentiation of murine and K562 human erythroleukemia cells. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:16839-16847. [PMID: 23609441 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.459594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoiesis results from a complex combination of the expression of several transcription factor genes and cytokine signaling. However, the overall view of erythroid differentiation remains unclear. First, we screened for erythroid differentiation-related genes by comparing the expression profiles of high differentiation-inducible and low differentiation-inducible murine erythroleukemia cells. We identified that overexpression of α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8) inhibits hemoglobin production. FUT8 catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue to N-linked oligosaccharides on glycoproteins via an α-1,6 linkage, leading to core fucosylation in mammals. Expression of Fut8 was down-regulated during chemically induced differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells. Additionally, expression of Fut8 was positively regulated by c-Myc and c-Myb, which are known as suppressors of erythroid differentiation. Second, we found that FUT8 is the only fucosyltransferase family member that inhibits hemoglobin production. Functional analysis of FUT8 revealed that the donor substrate-binding domain and a flexible loop play essential roles in inhibition of hemoglobin production. This result clearly demonstrates that core fucosylation inhibits hemoglobin production. Third, FUT8 also inhibited hemoglobin production of human erythroleukemia K562 cells. Finally, a short hairpin RNA study showed that FUT8 down-regulation induced hemoglobin production and increase of transferrin receptor/glycophorin A-positive cells in human erythroleukemia K562 cells. Our findings define FUT8 as a novel factor for hemoglobin production and demonstrate that core fucosylation plays an important role in erythroid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Sasaki
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101
| | - Takanori Toda
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101
| | - Toru Furukawa
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101
| | - Yuki Mawatari
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101
| | - Rika Takaesu
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101
| | - Masashi Shimizu
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101
| | - Ryohei Wada
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101
| | - Dai Kato
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585
| | - Takahiko Utsugi
- Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101; Bio Matrix Research Inc., Chiba 270-0101, Japan
| | - Masaya Ohtsu
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585
| | - Yasufumi Murakami
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585; Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 270-0101; Bio Matrix Research Inc., Chiba 270-0101, Japan.
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Potential roles for Gfi1 in the pathogenesis and proliferation of glioma. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:629-32. [PMID: 23466061 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Revised: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a major form of adult brain tumour with relatively poor prognosis and high mortality. Temozolomide (TMZ)-based chemotherapy following neurosurgery and radiotherapy has been suggested as the first line of treatment and is proven to effectively prolong overall survival and enhance patient quality of life. However, not all patients benefit from this treatment because of drug resistance. Even patients with TMZ-sensitive GBM may become resistant, which is partly due to the restoration of activity of the DNA repair enzyme O(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT); thus, patients cannot evade eventual tumour recurrence. The cellular activity of MGMT is the most important determinant of TMZ-resistance. However, some patients with a low level of activated MGMT are also TMZ-resistant. The aberrant expression of HOXA9, one of the 39 class I homeobox genes, is a marker of poor prognosis, and its level gradually increases with histologic malignant progression, shorter time to overall survival (OS) and free progression survival (FPS) in glioma patients, which further supports an oncogenic role for HOXA9 in gliomas. The HOXA9-PI3K signalling pathway is an important mechanism in GBM that is independent of MGMT promoter methylation status. The DNA binding sites of growth factor independent-1 (Gfi1) can overlap with the HOXA9 promoter through the "AATC" versus "GATT" core sequence. The competition for this binding site inhibits the expression of HOXA9 and induces different transcriptional outcomes, which suggests a new direction for investigation of the mechanism underlying targeted therapy of malignant gliomas.
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Racke FK, Baird M, Barth RF, Huo T, Yang W, Gupta N, Weldon M, Rutledge H. Unique in vitro and in vivo thrombopoietic activities of ingenol 3,20 dibenzoate, a Ca(++)-independent protein kinase C isoform agonist. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51059. [PMID: 23284657 PMCID: PMC3528756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombopoiesis following severe bone marrow injury frequently is delayed, thereby resulting in life-threatening thrombocytopenia for which there are limited treatment options. The reasons for these delays in recovery are not well understood. Protein kinase C (PKC) agonists promote megakaryocyte differentiation in leukemia cell lines and primary cells. However, little is known about the megakaryopoietic effects of PKC agonists on primary CD34+ cells grown in culture or in vivo. Here we present evidence that the novel PKC isoform-selective agonist 3,20 ingenol dibenzoate (IDB) potently stimulates early megakaryopoiesis of human CD34+ cells. In contrast, broad spectrum PKC agonists failed to do so. In vivo, a single intraperitoneal injection of IDB selectively increased platelets in mice without affecting hemoglobin or white counts. Finally, IDB strongly mitigated radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, even when administered 24 hours after irradiation. Our data demonstrate that novel PKC isoform agonists such as IDB may represent a unique therapeutic strategy for accelerating the recovery of platelet counts following severe marrow injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick K Racke
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
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Kayali S, Giraud G, Morlé F, Guyot B. Spi-1, Fli-1 and Fli-3 (miR-17-92) oncogenes contribute to a single oncogenic network controlling cell proliferation in friend erythroleukemia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46799. [PMID: 23056458 PMCID: PMC3466182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clonal erythroleukemia developing in susceptible mice infected by Friend virus complex are associated with highly recurrent proviral insertions at one of three loci called Spi-1, Fli-1 or Fli-3, leading to deregulated expression of oncogenic Spi-1 or Fli-1 transcription factors or miR-17-92 miRNA cluster, respectively. Deregulated expression of each of these three oncogenes has been independently shown to contribute to cell proliferation of erythroleukemic clones. Previous studies showed a close relationship between Spi-1 and Fli-1, which belong to the same ETS family, Spi-1 activating fli-1 gene, and both Spi-1 and Fli-1 activating multiple common target genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. In this study, we demonstrated that Spi-1 and Fli-1 are also involved in direct miR-17-92 transcriptional activation through their binding to a conserved ETS binding site in its promoter. Moreover, we demonstrated that physiological re-expression of exogenous miR-17 and miR-20a are able to partially rescue the proliferation loss induced by Fli-1 knock-down and identified HBP1 as a target of these miRNA in erythroleukemic cells. These results establish that three of the most recurrently activated oncogenes in Friend erythroleukemia are actually involved in a same oncogenic network controlling cell proliferation. The putative contribution of a similar ETS-miR-17-92 network module in other normal or pathological proliferative contexts is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Kayali
- CGPhiMC, CNRS UMR5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France
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Neuwirtova R, Fuchs O, Holicka M, Vostry M, Kostecka A, Hajkova H, Jonasova A, Cermak J, Cmejla R, Pospisilova D, Belickova M, Siskova M, Hochova I, Vondrakova J, Sponerova D, Kadlckova E, Novakova L, Brezinova J, Michalova K. Transcription factors Fli1 and EKLF in the differentiation of megakaryocytic and erythroid progenitor in 5q- syndrome and in Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Ann Hematol 2012; 92:11-8. [PMID: 22965552 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-012-1568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli1) and erythroid Krüppel-like factor (EKLF) participate under experimental conditions in the differentiation of megakaryocytic and erythroid progenitor in cooperation with other transcription factors, cytokines, cytokine receptors, and microRNAs. Defective erythropoiesis with refractory anemia and effective megakaryopoiesis with normal or increased platelet count is typical for 5q- syndrome. We decided to evaluate the roles of EKLF and Fli1 in the pathogenesis of this syndrome and of another ribosomopathy, Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA). Fli1 and EKLF mRNA levels were examined in mononuclear blood and bone marrow cells from patients with 5q- syndrome, low-risk MDS patients with normal chromosome 5, DBA patients, and healthy controls. In 5q- syndrome, high Fli1 mRNA levels in the blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells were found. In DBA, Fli1 expression did not differ from the controls. EKLF mRNA level was significantly decreased in the blood and bone marrow of 5q- syndrome and in all DBA patients. We propose that the elevated Fli1 in 5q- syndrome protects megakaryocytic cells from ribosomal stress contrary to erythroid cells and contributes to effective though dysplastic megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radana Neuwirtova
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Hematology, General University Hospital, U Nemocnice 2, Prague 2, 128 00, Czech Republic.
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Tallack MR, Magor GW, Dartigues B, Sun L, Huang S, Fittock JM, Fry SV, Glazov EA, Bailey TL, Perkins AC. Novel roles for KLF1 in erythropoiesis revealed by mRNA-seq. Genome Res 2012; 22:2385-98. [PMID: 22835905 PMCID: PMC3514668 DOI: 10.1101/gr.135707.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
KLF1 (formerly known as EKLF) regulates the development of erythroid cells from bi-potent progenitor cells via the transcriptional activation of a diverse set of genes. Mice lacking Klf1 die in utero prior to E15 from severe anemia due to the inadequate expression of genes controlling hemoglobin production, cell membrane and cytoskeletal integrity, and the cell cycle. We have recently described the full repertoire of KLF1 binding sites in vivo by performing KLF1 ChIP-seq in primary erythroid tissue (E14.5 fetal liver). Here we describe the KLF1-dependent erythroid transcriptome by comparing mRNA-seq from Klf1+/+ and Klf1−/− erythroid tissue. This has revealed novel target genes not previously obtainable by traditional microarray technology, and provided novel insights into the function of KLF1 as a transcriptional activator. We define a cis-regulatory module bound by KLF1, GATA1, TAL1, and EP300 that coordinates a core set of erythroid genes. We also describe a novel set of erythroid-specific promoters that drive high-level expression of otherwise ubiquitously expressed genes in erythroid cells. Our study has identified two novel lncRNAs that are dynamically expressed during erythroid differentiation, and discovered a role for KLF1 in directing apoptotic gene expression to drive the terminal stages of erythroid maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Tallack
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
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Dual actions of Meis1 inhibit erythroid progenitor development and sustain general hematopoietic cell proliferation. Blood 2012; 120:335-46. [PMID: 22665933 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-01-403139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 (Meis1) forms a heterodimer with Pbx1 that augments Hox-dependent gene expression and is associated with leukemogenesis and HSC self-renewal. Here we identified 2 independent actions of Meis1 in hematopoietic development: one regulating cellular proliferation and the other involved in megakaryocyte lineage development. First, we found that endogenous Mesp1 indirectly induces Meis1 and Meis2 in endothelial cells derived from embryonic stem cells. Overexpression of Meis1 and Meis2 greatly enhanced the formation of hematopoietic colonies from embryonic stem cells, with the exception of erythroid colonies, by maintaining hematopoietic progenitor cells in a state of proliferation. Second, overexpression of Meis1 repressed the development of early erythroid progenitors, acting in vivo at the megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor stage to skew development away from erythroid generation and toward megakaryocyte development. This previously unrecognized action of Meis1 may explain the embryonic lethality observed in Meis1(-/-) mice that arises from failure of lymphatic-venous separation and can result as a consequence of defective platelet generation. These results show that Meis1 exerts 2 independent functions, with its role in proliferation of hematopoietic progenitors acting earlier in development from its influence on the fate choice at the megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor between megakaryocytic and erythroid development.
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