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Hayashi Y, Miyoshi S, Watanabe I, Yano N, Nagashio K, Kaneko M, Kaminota T, Sanada T, Hosokawa Y, Kitani T, Mitani S, Choudhury ME, Yano H, Tanaka J, Hato N. Simultaneous disturbance of NHE1 and LOXL2 decreases tumorigenicity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Auris Nasus Larynx 2024; 51:472-480. [PMID: 38520980 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although there have been brilliant advancements in the practical application of therapies targeting immune checkpoints, achieving success in targeting the microenvironment remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to address this gap by focusing on Na+ / H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) and Lysyl Oxidase Like 2 (LOXL2), which are upregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. METHODS The malignancy of a metastatic human HNSCC cell line was assessed in a mouse tongue cancer xenograft model by knocking down (KD) NHE1, responsible for regulating intracellular pH, and LOXL2, responsible for extracellular matrix (ECM) reorganization via cross-linking of ECM proteins. In addition to assessing changes in PD-L1 levels and collagen accumulation following knockdown, the functional status of the PD-L1 / PD-1 immune checkpoint was examined through co-culture with NK92MI, a PD-1 positive phagocytic human Natural Killer (NK) cell line. RESULTS The tumorigenic potential of each single KD cell line was similar to that of the control cells, whereas the potential was attenuated in cells with simultaneous KD of both factors (double knockdown [dKD]). Additionally, we observed decreased PD-L1 levels in NHE1 KD cells and compromised collagen accumulation in LOXL2 KD and dKD cells. NK92MI cells exhibited phagocytic activity toward HNSCC cells in co-culture, and the number of remaining dKD cells after co-culture was the lowest in comparison to the control and single KD cells. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the possibility of achieving efficient anti-tumor effects by simultaneously disturbing multiple factors involved in the modification of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Hayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shoko Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Itaru Watanabe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Nagomi Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kodai Nagashio
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mihiro Kaneko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Teppei Kaminota
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Sanada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Uwajima City Hospital, Uwajima, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuki Hosokawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Kitani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Sohei Mitani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mohammed E Choudhury
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hajime Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Naohito Hato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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Wu F, Sun G, Nai Y, Shi X, Ma Y, Cao H. NUP43 promotes PD-L1/nPD-L1/PD-L1 feedback loop via TM4SF1/JAK/STAT3 pathway in colorectal cancer progression and metastatsis. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:241. [PMID: 38762481 PMCID: PMC11102480 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has a significant role in tumor progression and metastasis, facilitating tumor cell evasion from immune surveillance. PD-L1 can be detected in the tumor cell nucleus and exert an oncogenic effect by nuclear translocation. Colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and liver metastasis (CCLM) are among the most lethal diseases worldwide, but the mechanism of PD-L1 nuclear translocation in CRC and CCLM remains to be fully understood. In this study, using CRISPR-Cas9-based genome-wide screening combined with RNA-seq, we found that the oncogenic factor NUP43 impacted the process of PD-L1 nuclear translocation by regulating the expression level of the PD-L1 chaperone protein IPO5. Subsequent investigation revealed that this process could stimulate the expression of tumor-promoting factor TM4SF1 and further activate the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, which ultimately enhanced the transcription of PD-L1, thus establishing a PD-L1-nPD-L1-PD-L1 feedback loop that ultimately promoted CRC progression and CCLM. In conclusion, our study reveals a novel role for nPD-L1 in CRC, identifies the PD-L1-nPD-L1-PD-L1 feedback loop in CRC, and provides a therapeutic strategy for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Nai
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuesong Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongyong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Izadi S, Gumpelmair S, Coelho P, Duarte HO, Gomes J, Leitner J, Kunnummel V, Mach L, Reis CA, Steinberger P, Castilho A. Plant-derived Durvalumab variants show efficient PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and therapeutically favourable FcR binding. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1224-1237. [PMID: 38050338 PMCID: PMC11022803 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blocking therapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory signalling pathway has produced encouraging results in the treatment of a variety of cancers. Durvalumab (Imfinzi®) targeting PD-L1 is currently used for immunotherapy of several tumour malignancies. The Fc region of this IgG1 antibody has been engineered to reduce FcγR interactions with the aim of enhancing blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions without the depletion of PD-L1-expressing immune cells. Here, we used Nicotiana benthamiana to produce four variants of Durvalumab (DL): wild-type IgG1 and its 'Fc-effector-silent' variant (LALAPG) carrying further modifications to increase antibody half-life (YTE); IgG4S228P and its variant (PVA) with Fc mutations to decrease binding to FcγRI. In addition, DL variants were produced with two distinct glycosylation profiles: afucosylated and decorated with α1,6-core fucose. Plant-derived DL variants were compared to the therapeutic antibody regarding their ability to (i) bind to PD-L1, (ii) block PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory signalling and (iii) engage with the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and various Fcγ receptors. It was found that plant-derived DL variants bind to recombinant PD-L1 and to PD-L1 expressed in gastrointestinal cancer cells and are able to effectively block its interaction with PD-1 on T cells, thereby enhancing their activation. Furthermore, we show a positive impact of Fc amino acid mutations and core fucosylation on DL's therapeutic potential. Compared to Imfinzi®, DL-IgG1 (LALAPG) and DL-IgG4 (PVA)S228P show lower affinity to CD32B inhibitory receptor which can be therapeutically favourable. Importantly, DL-IgG1 (LALAPG) also shows enhanced binding to FcRn, a key determinant of serum half-life of IgGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Izadi
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyInstitute for Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Simon Gumpelmair
- Division of Immune Receptors and T Cell ActivationInstitute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Pedro Coelho
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)PortoPortugal
| | - Henrique O. Duarte
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)PortoPortugal
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)PortoPortugal
| | - Judith Leitner
- Division of Immune Receptors and T Cell ActivationInstitute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Vinny Kunnummel
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyInstitute for Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Lukas Mach
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyInstitute for Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)PortoPortugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUP)University of PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Division of Immune Receptors and T Cell ActivationInstitute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Alexandra Castilho
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyInstitute for Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
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Deng R, Tian R, Li X, Xu Y, Li Y, Wang X, Li H, Wang L, Xu B, Yang D, Tang S, Xue B, Zuo C, Zhu H. ISG12a promotes immunotherapy of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma through blocking TRIM21/AKT/β-catenin/PD-L1 axis. iScience 2024; 27:109533. [PMID: 38591006 PMCID: PMC11000115 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection generally elicits weak type-I interferon (IFN) immune response in hepatocytes, covering the regulatory effect of IFN-stimulated genes. In this study, low level of IFN-stimulated gene 12a (ISG12a) predicted malignant transformation and poor prognosis of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whereas high level of ISG12a indicated active NK cell phenotypes. ISG12a interacts with TRIM21 to inhibit the phosphorylation activation of protein kinase B (PKB, also known as AKT) and β-catenin, suppressing PD-L1 expression to block PD-1/PD-L1 signaling, thereby enhancing the anticancer effect of NK cells. The suppression of PD-1-deficient NK-92 cells on HBV-associated tumors was independent of ISG12a expression, whereas the anticancer effect of PD-1-expressed NK-92 cells on HBV-associated tumors was enhanced by ISG12a and treatments of atezolizumab and nivolumab. Thus, tumor intrinsic ISG12a promotes the anticancer effect of NK cells by regulating PD-1/PD-L1 signaling, presenting the significant role of innate immunity in defending against HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rilin Deng
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Department of Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Renyun Tian
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Department of Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Xinran Li
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yongqi Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin, China
| | - Xintao Wang
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Huiyi Li
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Department of Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Luoling Wang
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Biaoming Xu
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translational Medicine Joint Research Center of Liver Cancer, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Clinical Research Center For Tumor of Pancreaticobiliary Duodenal Junction In Hunan Province, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Di Yang
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Tang
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Binbin Xue
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Department of Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Chaohui Zuo
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translational Medicine Joint Research Center of Liver Cancer, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Clinical Research Center For Tumor of Pancreaticobiliary Duodenal Junction In Hunan Province, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Haizhen Zhu
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Department of Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital, The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
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Sakata T, Yoshio S, Yamazoe T, Mori T, Kakazu E, Aoki Y, Aoyanagi N, Okamoto T, Ito T, Toyoda H, Kawaguchi T, Ono Y, Takahashi Y, Taketomi A, Kanto T. Immunoglobulin-like transcript 2 as an impaired anti-tumor cytotoxicity marker of natural killer cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1389411. [PMID: 38638429 PMCID: PMC11024250 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role in immune surveillance in the liver. We aimed to identify potential targets for NK cell-mediated immune intervention by revealing the functional molecules on NK cells in HCC patients. Methods To evaluate the impact of aging on NK cell phenotypes, we examined NK cells from healthy volunteers (HVs) of various ages. Because ILT2 expression on CD56dim NK cells increased with increasing age, we enrolled age-matched HCC patients and HVs. We determined the NK cell phenotypes in blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and intrahepatic lymphocytes (IHLs) from cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. We evaluated cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of NK cells in vitro. Results ILT2-positive CD56dim NK cells in PBMCs were increased in HCC patients compared with HVs. In HCC patients, ILT2-positive CD56dim NK cells were increased in cancerous IHLs compared with non-cancerous IHLs and PBMCs. We examined the impact of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) on ILT2 expression in co-cultures of HCC cells and NK cells. The enhanced expression of ILT2 on CD56dim NK cells from HCC patients was inhibited by masking antibodies against MIF and CXCR4. ILT2-positive CD56dim NK cells exhibited lower capacities for cytotoxicity and ADCC than ILT2-negative cells, which were partially restored by ILT2 blockade. Conclusions In HCC patients, ILT2 is a signature molecule for cancerous CD56dim NK cells with impaired cytolytic capacity. The MIF-CXCR4 interaction is associated with ILT2 induction on CD56dim NK cells and ILT2 serves as a target for functional NK cell restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Sakata
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Gastoenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Yoshio
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taiji Yamazoe
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taizo Mori
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiji Kakazu
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Aoki
- Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Aoyanagi
- Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toru Okamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Ito
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ono
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Taketomi
- Department of Gastoenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kanto
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Park HW, Lee W, Kim S, Jangid AK, Park J, Lee CE, Kim K. Optimized Design of Hyaluronic Acid-Lipid Conjugate Biomaterial for Augmenting CD44 Recognition of Surface-Engineered NK Cells. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1959-1971. [PMID: 38379131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents treatment challenges due to a lack of detectable surface receptors. Natural killer (NK) cell-based adaptive immunotherapy is a promising treatment because of the characteristic anticancer effects of killing malignant cells directly by secreting cytokines and lytic granules. To maximize the cancer recognition ability of NK cells, biomaterial-mediated ex vivo cell surface engineering has been developed for sufficient cell membrane immobilization of tumor-targeting ligands via hydrophobic anchoring. In this study, we optimized amphiphilic balances of NK cell coating materials composed of CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-lipid to improve TNBC recognition and the anticancer effect. Changes in the modular design of our material by differentiating hydrophilic PEG length and incorporating lipid amount into HA backbones precisely regulated the amphiphilic nature of HA-PEG-lipid conjugates. The optimized biomaterial demonstrated improved anchoring into NK cell membranes and facilitating the surface presentation level of HA onto NK cell surfaces. This led to enhanced cancer targeting via increasing the formation of immune synapse, thereby augmenting the anticancer capability of NK cells specifically toward CD44-positive TNBC cells. Our approach addresses targeting ability of NK cell to solid tumors with a deficiency of surface tumor-specific antigens while offering a valuable material design strategy using amphiphilic balance in immune cell surface engineering techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Won Park
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjeong Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Kumar Jangid
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Park
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyobum Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
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Jung EK, Chu TH, Kim SA, Vo MC, Nguyen VT, Lee KH, Jung SH, Yoon M, Cho D, Lee JJ, Yoon TM. Efficacy of natural killer cell therapy combined with chemoradiotherapy in murine models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:242-251. [PMID: 38142382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Natural killer (NK) cell-based cancer immunotherapy is effective when combined with other treatment modalities such as irradiation and chemotherapy. NK cell's antitumor function to treat solid tumor, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), has been targeted recently. This study assessed NK cell recruitment in response to chemoradiation therapy (CRT) in HNSCC. METHODS Ex vivo expansion of NK cell, flow cytometry, cell viability assay, cytotoxicity assay, immunohistochemistry, and animal model were performed. RESULTS Mouse NK cells were recruited to the tumor site by CRT in a nude mouse model. Furthermore, expanded and activated human NK cells (eNKs) were recruited to the tumor site in response to CRT, and CRT enhanced the anti-tumor activity of eNK in an NOD/SCID IL-2Rγnull mouse model. Various HNSCC cancer cell lines exhibited different NK cell ligand activation patterns in response to CRT that correlated with NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Identifying the activation patterns of NK cell ligands during CRT might improve patient selection for adjuvant NK cell immunotherapy combined with CRT. This is the first study to investigate the NK cell's antitumor function and recruitment with CRT in HNSCC mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea
| | - Tan-Huy Chu
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea; Department of Hematology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Sun-Ae Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea
| | - Manh-Cuong Vo
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea
| | - Van-Tan Nguyen
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Jung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea
| | - Meesun Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea
| | - Duck Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Jung Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea.
| | - Tae Mi Yoon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Korea.
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8
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Liu Y, Yan Q, Zeng Z, Fan C, Xiong W. Advances and prospects of mRNA vaccines in cancer immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189068. [PMID: 38171406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines, designed to activate the body's own immune system to fight against tumors, are a current trend in cancer treatment and receiving increasing attention. Cancer vaccines mainly include oncolytic virus vaccine, cell vaccine, peptide vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine. Over the course of decades of research, oncolytic virus vaccine T-VEC, cellular vaccine sipuleucel-T, various peptide vaccines, and DNA vaccine against HPV positive cervical cancer have brought encouraging results for cancer therapy, but are losing momentum in development due to their respective shortcomings. In contrast, the advantages of mRNA vaccines such as high safety, ease of production, and unmatched efficacy are on full display. In addition, advances in technology such as pseudouridine modification have cracked down the bottleneck for developing mRNA vaccines including instability, innate immunogenicity, and low efficiency of in vivo delivery. Several cancer mRNA vaccines have achieved promising results in clinical trials, and their usage in conjunction with other immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has further boosted the efficiency of anti-tumor immune response. We expect a rapid development of mRNA vaccines for cancer immunotherapy in the near future. This review provides a brief overview of the current status of mRNA vaccines, highlights the action mechanism of cancer mRNA vaccines, their recent advances in clinical trials, and prospects for their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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9
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Roozitalab G, Abedi B, Imani S, Farghadani R, Jabbarzadeh Kaboli P. Comprehensive assessment of TECENTRIQ® and OPDIVO®: analyzing immunotherapy indications withdrawn in triple-negative breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10174-x. [PMID: 38409546 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Atezolizumab (TECENTRIQ®) and nivolumab (OPDIVO®) are both immunotherapeutic indications targeting programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), respectively. These inhibitors hold promise as therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and have demonstrated encouraging results in reducing the progression and spread of tumors. However, due to their adverse effects and low response rates, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has withdrawn the approval of atezolizumab in TNBC and nivolumab in HCC treatment. The withdrawals of atezolizumab and nivolumab have raised concerns regarding their effectiveness and the ability to predict treatment responses. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the immunotherapy withdrawal of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, specifically atezolizumab for TNBC and nivolumab for HCC. This study will examine both the structural and clinical aspects. This review provides detailed insights into the structure of the PD-1 receptor and its ligands, the interactions between PD-1 and PD-L1, and their interactions with the withdrawn antibodies (atezolizumab and nivolumab) as well as PD-1 and PD-L1 modifications. In addition, this review further assesses these antibodies in the context of TNBC and HCC. It seeks to elucidate the factors that contribute to diverse responses to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in different types of cancer and propose approaches for predicting responses, mitigating the potential risks linked to therapy withdrawals, and optimizing patient outcomes. By better understanding the mechanisms underlying responses to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and developing strategies to predict these responses, it is possible to create more efficient treatments for TNBC and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaal Roozitalab
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abedi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Imani
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Reyhaneh Farghadani
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Cancer Biology, Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 406, Taiwan.
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10
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Noel ODV, Hassouneh Z, Svatek RS, Mukherjee N. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Bladder Cancer: From Mechanisms of Action to Immune Therapies. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:149-160. [PMID: 38060011 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Bladder tumors have a high mutational burden and tend to be responsive to immune therapies; however, response rates remain modest. To date, immunotherapy in bladder cancer has largely focused on enhancing T-cell immune responses in the bladder tumor microenvironment. It is anticipated that other immune cells, including innate lymphoid cells (ILC), which play an important role in bladder oncogenesis and tumor suppression, could be targeted to improve response to existing therapies. ILCs are classified into five groups: natural killer cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer cells. ILCs are pleiotropic and play dual and sometimes paradoxical roles in cancer development and progression. Here, a comprehensive discussion of the current knowledge and recent advancements in understanding the role of ILCs in bladder cancer is provided. We discuss the multifaceted roles that ILCs play in bladder immune surveillance, tumor protection, and immunopathology of bladder cancer. This review provides a rationale for targeting ILCs in bladder cancer, which is relevant for other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onika D V Noel
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Zaineb Hassouneh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Robert S Svatek
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Neelam Mukherjee
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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11
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Patel SP, Alonso-Gordoa T, Banerjee S, Wang D, Naidoo J, Standifer NE, Palmer DC, Cheng LY, Kourtesis P, Ascierto ML, Das M, Diamond JR, Hellmann MD, Carneiro BA. Phase 1/2 study of monalizumab plus durvalumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e007340. [PMID: 38309722 PMCID: PMC10840023 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of monalizumab (anti-NKG2A/CD94) and durvalumab (anti-programmed death ligand-1) may promote antitumor immunity by targeting innate and adaptive immunity. This phase 1/2 study of monalizumab and durvalumab evaluated safety, antitumor activity, and pharmacodynamics in patients with advanced solid tumors. MAIN BODY Immunotherapy-naïve patients aged ≥18 years with advanced disease, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1, and 1-3 prior lines of systemic therapy in the recurrent/metastatic setting were enrolled. In part 1 (dose escalation), patients received durvalumab 1500 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) with increasing doses of monalizumab Q2W/Q4W (n=15). Dose expansion in part 1 included patients with cervical cancer (n=15; durvalumab 1500 mg Q4W and monalizumab 750 mg Q2W) or metastatic microsatellite stable (MSS)-colorectal cancer (CRC) (n=15; durvalumab 1500 mg Q4W and monalizumab 750 mg Q4W). In part 2 (dose expansion), patients with MSS-CRC (n=40), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; n=20), MSS-endometrial cancer (n=40), or ovarian cancer (n=40) received durvalumab 1500 mg Q4W and monalizumab 750 mg Q2W. The primary endpoint was safety. Secondary endpoints included antitumor activity per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1). Exploratory analyses included assessment of T-cell and natural killer (NK) cell activation and proliferation in peripheral blood and the tumor microenvironment (TME). The study enrolled 185 patients (part 1, 45; part 2, 140). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. In part 2, the most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue (12.1%), asthenia (9.3%), diarrhea (9.3%), pruritus (7.9%), and pyrexia (7.1%). In the expansion cohorts, response rates were 0% (cervical), 7.7% (MSS-CRC), 10% (NSCLC), 5.4% (ovarian), and 0% (MSS-endometrial). Sustained NK cell activation, CD8+ T-cell proliferation, increased serum levels of CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10) and CXCL11, and increased tumor infiltration of CD8+ and granzyme B+ cells were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although efficacy was modest, monalizumab plus durvalumab was well tolerated and encouraging immune activation was observed in the peripheral blood and TME. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02671435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip P Patel
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Susana Banerjee
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ding Wang
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jarushka Naidoo
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Medicine The Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathan E Standifer
- BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Doug C Palmer
- Oncology Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Lin-Yang Cheng
- Oncology Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Maria L Ascierto
- Oncology Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Mayukh Das
- Oncology Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Benedito A Carneiro
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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12
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Jiang L, Zhao X, Li Y, Hu Y, Sun Y, Liu S, Zhang Z, Li Y, Feng X, Yuan J, Li J, Zhang X, Chen Y, Shen L. The tumor immune microenvironment remodeling and response to HER2-targeted therapy in HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer. IUBMB Life 2023. [PMID: 38126920 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Combination therapy with anti-HER2 agents and immunotherapy has demonstrated significant clinical benefits in gastric cancer (GC), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used multiplex immunohistochemistry to assess the changes of the tumor microenvironment in 47 advanced GC patients receiving anti-HER2 therapy. Additionally, we performed single-cell transcriptional sequencing to investigate potential cell-to-cell communication and molecular mechanisms in four HER2-positive GC baseline samples. We observed that post-treated the infiltration of NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and B lymphocytes were significantly higher in patients who benefited from anti-HER2 treatment than baseline. Further spatial distribution analysis demonstrated that the interaction scores between NK cells and CD8+ T cells, B lymphocytes and M2 macrophages, B lymphocytes and Tregs were also significantly higher in benefited patients. Cell-cell communication analysis from scRNA sequencing showed that NK cells utilized CCL3/CCL4-CCR5 to recruit CD8+ T cell infiltration. B lymphocytes employed CD74-APP/COPA/MIF to interact with M2 macrophages, and utilized TNF-FAS/ICOS/TNFRSR1B to interact with Tregs. These cell-cell interactions contribute to inhibit the immune resistance of M2 macrophages and Tregs. Our research provides potential guidance for the use of anti-HER2 therapy in combination with immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xingwang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shengde Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zizhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xujiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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13
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Mujahid K, Rana I, Suliman IH, Li Z, Wu J, He H, Nam J. Biomaterial-Based Sustained-Release Drug Formulations for Localized Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 38050811 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized clinical cancer treatments by taking advantage of the immune system to selectively and effectively target and kill cancer cells. However, clinical cancer immunotherapy treatments often have limited efficacy and/or present severe adverse effects associated primarily with their systemic administration. Localized immunotherapy has emerged to overcome these limitations by directly targeting accessible tumors via local administration, reducing potential systemic drug distribution that hampers drug efficacy and safety. Sustained-release formulations can prolong drug activity at target sites, which maximizes the benefits of localized immunotherapy to increase the therapeutic window using smaller dosages than those used for systemic injection, avoiding complications of frequent dosing. The performance of sustained-release formulations for localized cancer immunotherapy has been validated preclinically using various implantable and injectable scaffold platforms. This review introduces the sustained-release formulations developed for localized cancer immunotherapy and highlights their biomaterial-based platforms for representative classes, including inorganic scaffolds, natural hydrogels, synthetic hydrogels, and microneedle patches. The design rationale and other considerations are summarized for further development of biomaterials for the construction of optimal sustained-release formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khizra Mujahid
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Isra Rana
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | | | - Zhen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Huacheng He
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China
| | - Jutaek Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
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14
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Lu H, Kuang D, Zhou P, Zeng J, Xia Q, Wang J, Duan P, Jiang L, Zang S, Jin Y, Jiang X, Li J, Tang W, Zhou J, Chen J, Ying J. PD-L1 expression in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in China (EXCEED study): a multicentre retrospective study. J Clin Pathol 2023:jcp-2023-209059. [PMID: 37968103 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is known to be highly expressed in various malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to determine the prevalence of PD-L1 expression in recurrent or metastatic HNSCC (R/M HNSCC) among Chinese patients. METHODS This multicentre, retrospective analysis of data from six centres in China included patients with R/M HNSCC treated from 9 August 2021 to 28 February 2022. PD-L1 expression in tumour tissue was assessed and represented using a combined positive score (CPS). The χ2 and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel χ2 tests were used to compare the prevalence of different PD-L1 expression statuses according to related co-variables. RESULTS For all 402 examined patients with R/M HNSCC, 168 cases (41.8%) had PD-L1 expression with a CPS ≥20, and 337 cases (83.8%) had PD-L1 expression with a CPS ≥1. Between the PD-L1 CPS ≥20 group and PD-L1 CPS <20 group, statistically significant differences were observed for variables of sex (p<0.001), smoking habit (p=0.0138 for non-smokers vs current smokers) and primary tumour site (p<0.001 for hypopharynx vs oral cavity and p=0.0304 for larynx vs oral cavity, respectively). CONCLUSION PD-L1 with CPS ≥20 was expressed in about 41.8% of cases with R/M HNSCC among Chinese patients, and PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with sex, smoking history and primary tumour site. Our findings regarding the variables related to PD-L1 expression level provide insight for clinical practice and a solid basis for future research on immunotherapy in HNSCC. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN10570964.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Lu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Kuang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingxin Xia
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Duan
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengbing Zang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiping Jin
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangnan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jielin Li
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenmin Tang
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihua Chen
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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15
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Usaite I, Biswas D, Dijkstra K, Watkins TB, Pich O, Puttick C, Angelova M, Thakkar K, Hiley C, Birkbak N, Kok M, Zaccaria S, Wu Y, Litchfield K, Swanton C, Kanu N. Quantifying the impact of immunotherapy on RNA dynamics in cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007870. [PMID: 37914385 PMCID: PMC10626770 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) immunotherapies have provided durable clinical responses across a range of solid tumor types for some patients with cancer. Nonetheless, response rates to CPI vary greatly between cancer types. Resolving intratumor transcriptomic changes induced by CPI may improve our understanding of the mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance. METHODS We assembled a cohort of longitudinal pre-therapy and on-therapy samples from 174 patients treated with CPI across six cancer types by leveraging transcriptomic sequencing data from five studies. RESULTS Meta-analyses of published RNA markers revealed an on-therapy pattern of immune reinvigoration in patients with breast cancer, which was not discernible pre-therapy, providing biological insight into the impact of CPI on the breast cancer immune microenvironment. We identified 98 breast cancer-specific correlates of CPI response, including 13 genes which are known IO targets, such as toll-like receptors TLR1, TLR4, and TLR8, that could hold potential as combination targets for patients with breast cancer receiving CPI treatment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a subset of response genes identified in breast cancer are already highly expressed pre-therapy in melanoma, and additionally we establish divergent RNA dynamics between breast cancer and melanoma following CPI treatment, which may suggest distinct immune microenvironments between the two cancer types. CONCLUSIONS Overall, delineating longitudinal RNA dynamics following CPI therapy sheds light on the mechanisms underlying diverging response trajectories, and identifies putative targets for combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Usaite
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Dhruva Biswas
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Krijn Dijkstra
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Bk Watkins
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Oriol Pich
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Clare Puttick
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Mihaela Angelova
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Krupa Thakkar
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Crispin Hiley
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicolai Birkbak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marleen Kok
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Zaccaria
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Computational Cancer Genomics Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology and Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin Litchfield
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nnennaya Kanu
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
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16
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Chen W, Zou F, Song T, Xia Y, Xing J, Rao T, Zhou X, Ning J, Zhao S, Yu W, Cheng F. Comprehensive analysis reveals XCL2 as a cancer prognosis and immune infiltration-related biomarker. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11891-11917. [PMID: 37905956 PMCID: PMC10683633 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (XCL2) is a 114 amino acid, structurally conserved chemokine involved in activating cytotoxic T cells. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of XCL2 protein in various disease conditions, particularly cancer, remain poorly understood. METHODS Bioinformatics was used to detect the expression of XCL2, the relationship between survival time and XCL2 in BLCA patients, the mutational status of XCL2, the role of XCL2 in the tumor immune microenvironment, and the sensitivity of XCL2-targeted drugs in 33 cancers. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the chemotactic effects of XCL2 expression on M1-type macrophages in human specimens and in isolated cancer cells. RESULTS XCL2 expression was downregulated in tumor tissues and closely associated with the prognosis of human cancers. Furthermore, XCL2 affects DNA methylation, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and mismatch repair (MMR) in human cancers. The expression level of XCL2 significantly correlated with infiltrated immune cells, immunological pathways, and other immune markers. More importantly, we found that XCL2 was positively associated with T lymphocytes and macrophages in the transcriptome and single-cell sequencing data. Using multiple immunofluorescence staining, we found that the expression level of XCL2 was upregulated in many cells in pan-cancer samples, and the number of M1 macrophage marker CD68 and INOS-positive cells increased. 786O, U251, and MDA-MB-231 cells could recruit more M1 macrophages in vitro after overexpressing XCL2. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that XCL2 could act as a vital chemokine in pan-cancer and provide new targets and concepts for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fan Zou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Tianbao Song
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ji Xing
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jinzhuo Ning
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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17
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Wang X, Kong Y, Zheng B, Zhao X, Zhao M, Wang B, Liu C, Yan P. Tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells in asthma. J Physiol 2023; 601:3995-4012. [PMID: 37488944 DOI: 10.1113/jp284686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease whose global incidence increases annually. The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) is a crucial aspect of asthma research with respect to different endotypes of asthma. Based on its pathological and inflammatory features, asthma is divided into type 2 high and type 2 low endotypes. Type-2 high asthma is distinguished by the activation of type 2 immune cells, including T helper 2 (Th2) cells and ILC2s; the production of cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13; eosinophilic aggregation; and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Type-2 low asthma represents a variety of endotypes other than type 2 high endotype such as the IL-1β/ILC3/neutrophil endotype and a paucigranulocytic asthma, which may be insensitive to corticosteroid treatment and/or associated with obesity. The complexity of asthma is due to the involvement of multiple cell types, including tissue-resident ILCs and other innate immune cells including bronchial epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and eosinophils, which provide immediate defence against viruses, pathogens and allergens. On this basis, innate immune cells and adaptive immune cells combine to induce the pathological condition of asthma. In addition, the plasticity of ILCs increases the heterogeneity of asthma. This review focuses on the phenotypes of tissue-resident ILCs and their roles in the different endotypes of asthma, as well as the mechanisms of tissue-resident ILCs and other immune cells. Based on the phenotypes, roles and mechanisms of immune cells, the therapeutic strategies for asthma are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Kong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bingqing Zheng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- Department of traditional Chinese medicine, Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine College, YanTai, China
| | - Mingzhe Zhao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peizheng Yan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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18
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Lee J, Keam B, Park HR, Park JE, Kim S, Kim M, Kim TM, Kim DW, Heo DS. Monalizumab efficacy correlates with HLA-E surface expression and NK cell activity in head and neck squamous carcinoma cell lines. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:5705-5715. [PMID: 36547689 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE NKG2A, an inhibitory receptor expressed on NK cells and T cells, leads to immune evasion by binding to HLA-E expressed on cancer cells. Here, we investigated the relationship between HLA-E surface expression on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines and the efficacy of monalizumab, an NKG2A inhibitor, in promoting NK cell activity. METHODS Six HNSCC cell lines were used as target cells. After exposure to IFN- γ, HLA-E surface expression on HNSCC cell lines was measured by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors and isolated NK cells were used as effector cells. NK cells were stimulated by treatment with IL-2 and IL-15 for 5 days, and NK cell-induced cytotoxicity was analyzed by CD107a degranulation and 51Cr release assays. RESULTS We confirmed that HLA-E expression was increased by IFN-γ secreted by NK cells and that HLA-E expression was different for each cell line upon exposure to IFN-γ. Cell lines with high HLA-E expression showed stronger inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity, and efficacy of monalizumab was high. Combination with cetuximab increased the efficacy of monalizumab. In addition, stimulation of isolated NK cells with IL-2 and IL-15 increased the efficacy of monalizumab, even in the HLA-E low groups. CONCLUSION Monalizumab efficacy was correlated with HLA-E surface expression and was enhanced when NK cell activity was increased by cetuximab or cytokines. These results suggest that monalizumab may be potent against HLA-E-positive tumors and that monalizumab efficacy could be improved by promoting NK cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongjae Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ha-Ram Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miso Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Seog Heo
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
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19
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Nowak J, Bentele M, Kutle I, Zimmermann K, Lühmann JL, Steinemann D, Kloess S, Koehl U, Roßberg W, Ahmed A, Schaudien D, Neubert L, Kamp JC, Kuehnel MP, Warnecke A, Schambach A, Morgan M. CAR-NK Cells Targeting HER1 (EGFR) Show Efficient Anti-Tumor Activity against Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3169. [PMID: 37370779 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: HNSCC is a highly heterogeneous and relapse-prone form of cancer. We aimed to expand the immunological tool kit against HNSCC by conducting a functional screen to generate chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK-92 cells that target HER1/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). (2) Methods: Selected CAR-NK-92 cell candidates were tested for enhanced reduction of target cells, CD107a expression and IFNγ secretion in different co-culture models. For representative HNSCC models, patient-derived primary HNSCC (pHNSCC) cell lines were generated by employing an EpCAM-sorting approach to eliminate the high percentage of non-malignant cells found. (3) Results: 2D and 3D spheroid co-culture experiments showed that anti-HER1 CAR-NK-92 cells effectively eliminated SCC cell lines and primary HNSCC (pHNSCC) cells. Co-culture of tumor models with anti-HER1 CAR-NK-92 cells led to enhanced degranulation and IFNγ secretion of NK-92 cells and apoptosis of target cells. Furthermore, remaining pHNSCC cells showed upregulated expression of putative cancer stem cell marker CD44v6. (4) Conclusions: These results highlight the promising potential of CAR-NK cell therapy in HNSCC and the likely necessity to target multiple tumor-associated antigens to reduce currently high relapse rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Nowak
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marco Bentele
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ivana Kutle
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Zimmermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Doris Steinemann
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Kloess
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Koehl
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, IZI, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Willi Roßberg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Amed Ahmed
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, ITEM, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lavinia Neubert
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan-Christopher Kamp
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark P Kuehnel
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Athanasia Warnecke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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20
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Yang L, Chu Z, Liu M, Zou Q, Li J, Liu Q, Wang Y, Wang T, Xiang J, Wang B. Amino acid metabolism in immune cells: essential regulators of the effector functions, and promising opportunities to enhance cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:59. [PMID: 37277776 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are basic nutrients for immune cells during organ development, tissue homeostasis, and the immune response. Regarding metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment, dysregulation of amino acid consumption in immune cells is an important underlying mechanism leading to impaired anti-tumor immunity. Emerging studies have revealed that altered amino acid metabolism is tightly linked to tumor outgrowth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance through governing the fate of various immune cells. During these processes, the concentration of free amino acids, their membrane bound transporters, key metabolic enzymes, and sensors such as mTOR and GCN2 play critical roles in controlling immune cell differentiation and function. As such, anti-cancer immune responses could be enhanced by supplement of specific essential amino acids, or targeting the metabolic enzymes or their sensors, thereby developing novel adjuvant immune therapeutic modalities. To further dissect metabolic regulation of anti-tumor immunity, this review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms governing reprogramming of amino acid metabolism and their effects on the phenotypes and functions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells to propose novel approaches that could be exploited to rewire amino acid metabolism and enhance cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Yang
- Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaole Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junyu Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10# Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Tan J, Liu T, Fan W, Wei J, Zhu B, Liu Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Chen S, Lin H, Zhang Y, Li J. Anti-PD-L1 antibody enhances curative effect of cryoablation via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity mediating PD-L1 highCD11b + cells elimination in hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:632-647. [PMID: 36873191 PMCID: PMC9978915 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryoablation (CRA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are two main local treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, which one is more curative and suitable for combining with immunotherapy is still controversial. Herein, CRA induced higher tumoral PD-L1 expression and more T cells infiltration, but less PD-L1highCD11b+ myeloid cells infiltration than MWA in HCC. Furthermore, CRA had better curative effect than MWA for anti-PD-L1 combination therapy in mouse models. Mechanistically, anti-PD-L1 antibody facilitated infiltration of CD8+ T cells by enhancing the secretion of CXCL9 from cDC1 cells after CRA therapy. On the other hand, anti-PD-L1 antibody promoted the infiltration of NK cells to eliminate PD-L1highCD11b+ myeloid cells by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) effect after CRA therapy. Both aspects relieved the immunosuppressive microenvironment after CRA therapy. Notably, the wild-type PD-L1 Avelumab (Bavencio), compared to the mutant PD-L1 atezolizumab (Tecentriq), was better at inducing the ADCC effect to target PD-L1highCD11b+ myeloid cells. Collectively, our study uncovered the novel insights that CRA showed superior curative effect than MWA in combining with anti-PD-L1 antibody by strengthening CTL/NK cell immune responses, which provided a strong rationale for combining CRA and PD-L1 blockade in the clinical treatment for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhou Tan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional, Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenzhe Fan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bowen Zhu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yafang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lingwei Liu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Songling Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haibiao Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional, Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaping Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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22
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Yang K, Zhao Y, Sun G, Zhang X, Cao J, Shao M, Liang X, Wang L. Clinical application and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors for CAR-NK cell in tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1081546. [PMID: 36741400 PMCID: PMC9892943 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1081546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineering of natural killer (NK) cells is an attractive research field in tumor immunotherapy. While CAR is genetically engineered to express certain molecules, it retains the intrinsic ability to recognize tumor cells through its own receptors. Additionally, NK cells do not depend on T cell receptors for cytotoxic killing. CAR-NK cells exhibit some differences to CAR-T cells in terms of more precise killing, numerous cell sources, and increased effectiveness in solid tumors. However, some problems still exist with CAR-NK cell therapy, such as cytotoxicity, low transfection efficiency, and storage issues. Immune checkpoints inhibit immune cells from performing their normal killing function, and the clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer treatment has become a key therapeutic strategy. The application of CAR-T cells and immune checkpoint inhibitors is being evaluated in numerous ongoing basic research and clinical studies. Immune checkpoints may affect the function of CAR-NK cell therapy. In this review, we describe the combination of existing CAR-NK cell technology with immune checkpoint therapy and discuss the research of CAR-NK cell technology and future clinical treatments. We also summarize the progress of clinical trials of CAR-NK cells and immune checkpoint therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangdi Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuze Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanqun Sun
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjin Cao
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingcong Shao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xijun Liang
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xijun Liang, ; Lina Wang,
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xijun Liang, ; Lina Wang,
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23
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Guo L, Overholser J, Darby H, Ede NJ, Kaumaya PT. A newly discovered PD-L1 B-cell epitope peptide vaccine (PDL1-Vaxx) exhibits potent immune responses and effective anti-tumor immunity in multiple syngeneic mice models and (synergizes) in combination with a dual HER-2 B-cell vaccine (B-Vaxx). Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2127691. [PMID: 36211807 PMCID: PMC9542669 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2127691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Blockade of checkpoint receptors with monoclonal antibodies against CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 has shown great clinical success in several cancer subtypes, yielding unprecedented responses albeit a significant number of patients develop resistance and remain refractory. Both PD-1/PD-L1 and HER-2 signaling pathway inhibitors have limited efficacy and exhibits significant toxicities that limit their use. Ongoing clinical studies support the need for rationale combination of immuno-oncology agents to make a significant impact in the lives of cancer patients. We introduce the development of a novel chimeric PD-L1 B-cell peptide epitope vaccine (amino acid 130–147) linked to a “promiscuous” T cell measles virus fusion (MVF) peptide (MVF-PD-L1(130); PDL1-Vaxx) or linked to tetanus toxoid (TT3) TT3-PD-L1 (130) via a linker (GPSL). These vaccine constructs are highly immunogenic and antigenic in several syngeneic animal models. The PD-L1 vaccines elicited high titers of polyclonal antibodies that inhibit tumor growth in multiple syngeneic cancer models, eliciting antibodies of different subtypes IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3, induced PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, decreased proliferation, induced apoptosis and caused ADCC of tumor cells. The PDL1-Vaxx induces similar inhibition of tumor growth versus the standard anti-mouse PD-L1 antibody in both syngeneic BALB/c and C57BL/6J mouse models. The combination of PDL1-Vaxx with HER-2 vaccine B-Vaxx demonstrated synergistic tumor inhibition in D2F2/E2 carcinoma cell line. The anti-PDL1-Vaxx block PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and significantly prolonged anti-tumor responses in multiple syngeneic tumor models. The combination of HER-2 vaccine (B-Vaxx) with either PDL1-Vaxx or PD1-Vaxx demonstrated synergistic tumor inhibition. PDL1-Vaxx is a promising novel safe checkpoint inhibitor vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, USA
| | - Jay Overholser
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, USA
| | - Heather Darby
- Licensing Technology, Luminex Corp, Austin Texas, USA
| | | | - Pravin T.P Kaumaya
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, USA
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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24
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Fisher JG, Doyle ADP, Graham LV, Khakoo SI, Blunt MD. Disruption of the NKG2A:HLA-E Immune Checkpoint Axis to Enhance NK Cell Activation against Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1993. [PMID: 36560403 PMCID: PMC9783329 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10121993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligation of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A by its ligand HLA-E negatively regulates the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, as well as subsets of CD8+ T cells and innate T cell populations. NKG2A has recently become a novel immune checkpoint target for the treatment of cancer and direct antibody mediated blockade of NKG2A function is currently under assessment in two phase 3 clinical trials. In addition to direct targeting, the NKG2A:HLA-E axis can also be disrupted indirectly via multiple different targeted cancer agents that were not previously recognised to possess immunomodulatory properties. Increased understanding of immune cell modulation by targeted cancer therapies will allow for the design of rational and more efficacious drug combination strategies to improve cancer patient outcomes. In this review, we summarise and discuss the various strategies currently in development which either directly or indirectly disrupt the NKG2A:HLA-E interaction to enhance NK cell activation against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matthew D. Blunt
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Wang YQ, Chen WJ, Li WY, Pan XW, Cui X. Impact of interaction networks of B cells with other cells on tumorigenesis, progression and response to immunotherapy of renal cell carcinoma: A review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:995519. [PMID: 36465392 PMCID: PMC9712799 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.995519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ample evidence indicates that the development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are complex pathological processes involving interactions between tumor cells, immune cells and stromal components. Tumor infiltrated immune cells determine whether tumor advancement is promoted or inhibited. Among them, infiltrated B lymphocytes are present in all stages of RCC, playing a major role in determining tumor formation and advancement, as an essential part in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although the advent of targeted and immune therapies has remarkably improved the survival of patients with advanced RCC, few cases can achieve complete response due to drug resistance. In this review article, we intend to summary the recent studies that outline the interaction networks of B cells with other cells, discuss the role of B cells in RCC development and progression, and assess their impact on RCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-qi Wang
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-jin Chen
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-yan Li
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-wu Pan
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin−gang Cui
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Zhan M, Guo Y, Shen M, Shi X. Nanomaterial‐Boosted Tumor Immunotherapy Through Natural Killer Cells. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P.R. China
| | - Yunqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P.R. China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P.R. China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P.R. China
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27
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Zhao Y, Tang Y, Qin H, Feng K, Hu C. The efficient circulating immunoscore predicts prognosis of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:233. [PMID: 35820903 PMCID: PMC9277963 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunoscore from tumor tissues was initially established to evaluate the prognosis of solid tumor patients. However, the feasibility of circulating immune score (cIS) for the prognosis of advanced gastrointestinal cancers (AGC) has not been reported. Material and methods Peripheral venous blood was collected from 64 untreated AGC patients. We utilized flow cytometry to determine several immune cell subpopulations, including CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, NK cells, and CD4 + CD25 + CD127low Tregs. The circulating immune score 1 (cIS1) was assessed according to the proportions of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and NK cell, whereas circulating immune score 2 (cIS2) was derived from the proportions of CD4+, CD8+ T cell, and CD4 + CD25 + CD127low Tregs. The prognostic role of cIS for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox multivariate models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were depicted to compare the prognostic values of cIS1 and cIS2. Results AGC patients with high cIS1(≥ 2) and cIS2(≥ 2) had significantly longer PFS (cIS1: median PFS, 11 vs. 6.7 months, P = 0.001; cIS2: 12 vs. 5.8 months, P < 0.0001) and OS (cIS1: median OS, 12 vs. 7.9 months, P = 0.0004; cIS2: 12.8 vs. 7.4 months, P < 0.0001) than those with low cIS1 and low cIS2. The areas under ROC curves (AUROCs) of cIS1 and cIS2 for OS were 0.526 (95% confidence interval; 95% CI 0.326–0.726) and 0.603 (95% CI 0.427–0.779, P = 0.332), whereas AUROC of cIS2 for PFS was larger than that of cIS1 0.735 (95% CI 0.609–0.837) vs 0.625 (95% CI 0.495–0.743) (P = 0.04)). Conclusion The cIS can be applied to predict the prognosis of untreated AGC patients. Compared with cIS1, cIS2 displayed superior prognostic value for PFS prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanlin Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehai Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlu Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
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28
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Mohsenzadegan M, Nowroozi MR, Fotovvat A, Bavandpour Baghshahi P, Bokaie S, Inanloo SH, Sharifi L. The prospect of targeting T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 in renal cell carcinoma immunotherapy. Scand J Immunol 2022; 96:e13197. [PMID: 35700044 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances in the diagnosis and treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), it remains one of the most deadly urological cancers. At present, using immune checkpoint inhibition and their combination with antiangiogenic therapy is the standard of care in patients with advanced RCC. Unfortunately, a considerable part of tumour-bearing hosts does not benefit from this type of treatment. However, our knowledge about the detailed role of mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) in the RCC cells is little, and further studies are required in this field, but its significant expression in the RCC microenvironment makes this receptor a promising target for designing new monoclonal antibodies alone or in combination with other checkpoint inhibitors for RCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirreza Fotovvat
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saied Bokaie
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Inanloo
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laleh Sharifi
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Almasabi S, Boyd R, Ahmed AU, Williams BRG. Integrin-Linked Kinase Expression Characterizes the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer and Regulates PD-L1 Expression and Immune Cell Cytotoxicity. Front Oncol 2022; 12:836005. [PMID: 35692780 PMCID: PMC9174997 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.836005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) has been implicated as a molecular driver and mediator in both inflammation and tumorigenesis of the colon. However, a role for ILK in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune evasion has not been investigated. Here, we show a correlation of ILK expression with the immunosuppressive TME and cancer prognosis. We also uncover a role for ILK in the regulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and immune cell cytotoxicity. Interrogation of web-based data-mining platforms, showed upregulation of ILK expression in tumors and adjacent-non tumor tissue of colorectal cancer (CRC) associated with poor survival and advanced stages. ILK expression was correlated with cancer-associated fibroblast (CAFs) and immunosuppressive cell infiltration including regulatory T cells (Treg) and M2 macrophages (M2) in addition to their gene markers. ILK expression was also significantly correlated with the expression of different cytokines and chemokines. ILK expression showed pronounced association with different important immune checkpoints including PD-L1. Deletion of the ILK gene in PD-L1 positive CRC cell lines using a doxycycline inducible-CRISPR/Cas9, resulted in suppression of both the basal and IFNγ-induced PD-L1 expression via downregulating NF-κB p65. This subsequently sensitized the CRC cells to NK92 immune cell cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that ILK can be used as a biomarker for prognosis and immune cell infiltration in colon cancer. Moreover, ILK could provide a therapeutic target to prevent immune evasion mediated by the expression of PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Almasabi
- Cancer and Innate Immunity, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Cartherics, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard Boyd
- Cartherics, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Afsar U Ahmed
- Cancer and Innate Immunity, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Bryan R G Williams
- Cancer and Innate Immunity, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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30
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Cho MS, Lee H, Gonzalez-Delgado R, Li D, Sasano T, Carlos-Alcalde W, Ma Q, Liu J, Sood AK, Afshar-Kharghan V. Platelets Increase the Expression of PD-L1 in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2498. [PMID: 35626102 PMCID: PMC9139585 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions between platelets and cancer cells activate platelets and enhance tumor growth. Platelets increase proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells, inhibit anoikis, enhance the extravasation of cancer cells, and protect circulating tumor cells against natural killer cells. Here, we have identified another mechanism by which platelets dampen the immune attack on cancer cells. We found that platelets can blunt the antitumor immune response by increasing the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoint (PD-L1) on ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Platelets increased PD-L1 in cancer cells via contact-dependent (through NF-κB signaling) and contact-independent (through TFGβR1/Smad signaling) pathways. Inhibition of NF-κB or TGFβR1 signaling in ovarian cancer cells abrogated platelet-induced PD-L1 expression. Reducing platelet counts or inhibiting platelet functions reduced the expression of PD-L1 in ovarian cancer. On the other hand, an increase in platelet counts increased the expression of PD-L1 in tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Soon Cho
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.L.); (R.G.-D.); (W.C.-A.); (V.A.-K.)
| | - Hani Lee
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.L.); (R.G.-D.); (W.C.-A.); (V.A.-K.)
| | - Ricardo Gonzalez-Delgado
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.L.); (R.G.-D.); (W.C.-A.); (V.A.-K.)
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.L.); (Q.M.)
| | - Tomoyuki Sasano
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.S.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Wendolyn Carlos-Alcalde
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.L.); (R.G.-D.); (W.C.-A.); (V.A.-K.)
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.L.); (Q.M.)
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.S.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Vahid Afshar-Kharghan
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.L.); (R.G.-D.); (W.C.-A.); (V.A.-K.)
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31
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Bai R, Cui J. Burgeoning Exploration of the Role of Natural Killer Cells in Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886931. [PMID: 35634343 PMCID: PMC9133458 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies targeting programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been considered breakthrough therapies for a variety of solid and hematological malignancies. Although cytotoxic T cells play an important antitumor role during checkpoint blockade, they still show a potential killing effect on tumor types showing loss of/low major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression and/or low neoantigen load; this knowledge has shifted the focus of researchers toward mechanisms of action other than T cell-driven immune responses. Evidence suggests that the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis may also improve natural killer (NK)-cell function and activity through direct or indirect mechanisms, which enhances antitumor cytotoxic effects; although important, this topic has been neglected in previous studies. Recently, some studies have reported evidence of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in human NK cells, performed exploration of the intrinsic mechanism by which PD-1/PD-L1 blockade enhances NK-cell responses, and made some progress. This article summarizes the recent advances regarding the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 molecules on the surface of NK cells as well as the interaction between anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs and NK cells and associated molecular mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- *Correspondence: Jiuwei Cui, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-6496-7550
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32
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Luo H, Yang C, Kuang D, Shi S, Chan AW. Visualizing dynamic changes in PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma with radiolabeled recombinant human PD-1. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:2735-2745. [PMID: 35089375 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05680-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor heterogeneity limits the predictive value of PD-L1 expression and influences the outcomes of the immunohistochemical assay for therapy-induced changes in PD-L1 levels. This study aimed to determine the predictive value of PD-L1 for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), thereby developing imaging agents to non-invasively image and examine the effect of the therapeutic response to PD-L1 blockade therapy. METHODS A cohort of 102 patients with lung cancer was analyzed, and the prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression level was investigated. Recombinant human PD-1 ECD protein (rhPD1) was expressed, purified, and labeled with 64Cu for the evaluation of PD-L1 status in tumors. Mice subcutaneously bearing PD-L1 high-expressing tumor HCC827 and PD-L1 low-expressing tumor A549 were used to determine tracer-target specificity and examine the effect of therapeutic response to PD-L1 blockade therapy. RESULTS PD-L1 was proved to be a good prognosis marker for NSCLC, and its expression was correlated with the histology of NSCLC. PET imaging revealed high tumor accumulation of 64Cu-NOTA-rhPD1 in HCC827 tumors (9.0 ± 0.5%ID/g), whereas it was 3.2 ± 0.4%ID/g in A549 tumors at 3 h post-injection. The lower tumor uptake (3.1 ± 0.3%ID/g) of 64Cu-labeled denatured rhPD1 in HCC827 tumors at 3 h post-injection (p < 0.001) demonstrated the target specificity of 64Cu-NOTA-rhPD1. Furthermore, PET showed that 64Cu-NOTA-rhPD1 sensitively monitored treatment-related changes in PD-L1 expression, and seemed to be superior to [18F]FDG. CONCLUSION We identified PD-L1 as a good prognosis marker for surgically resected NSCLC and developed the PET tracer 64Cu-NOTA-rhPD1 with high target specificity for PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. .,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Cox 308, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Changwen Yang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Kuang
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Annie W Chan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Cox 308, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Structure-Based Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, ADMET, and Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulation of Potential Inhibitors of PD-L1 from the Library of Marine Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:md20010029. [PMID: 35049884 PMCID: PMC8777599 DOI: 10.3390/md20010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the past decade, several antibodies directed against the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have been approved. However, therapeutic antibodies also exhibit some shortcomings. Using small molecules to regulate the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway may be another way to mobilize the immune system to fight cancer. Method: 52,765 marine natural products were screened against PD-L1(PDBID: 6R3K). To identify natural compounds, a structure-based pharmacophore model was generated, following by virtual screening and molecular docking. Then, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) test was carried out to select the most suitable compounds. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation was also performed to validate the binding property of the top compound. Results: Initially, 12 small marine molecules were screened based on the pharmacophore model. Then, two compounds were selected for further evaluation based on the molecular docking scores. After ADME and toxicity studies, molecule 51320 was selected for further verification. By molecular dynamics analysis, molecule 51320 maintains a stable conformation with the target protein, so it has the chance to become an inhibitor of PD-L1. Conclusions: Through structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, molecular docking, ADMET approaches, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, the marine natural compound 51320 can be used as a small molecule inhibitor of PD-L1.
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Gitto S, Natalini A, Antonangeli F, Di Rosa F. The Emerging Interplay Between Recirculating and Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Cancer Immunity: Lessons Learned From PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Therapy and Remaining Gaps. Front Immunol 2021; 12:755304. [PMID: 34867987 PMCID: PMC8640962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.755304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in the field of anti-tumor immunity, nevertheless many questions are still open. Thus, even though memory T cells have been implicated in long-term anti-tumor protection, particularly in prevention of cancer recurrence, the bases of their variable effectiveness in tumor patients are poorly understood. Two types of memory T cells have been described according to their traffic pathways: recirculating and tissue-resident memory T cells. Recirculating tumor-specific memory T cells are found in the cell infiltrate of solid tumors, in the lymph and in the peripheral blood, and they constantly migrate in and out of lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. Tissue-resident tumor-specific memory T cells (TRM) permanently reside in the tumor, providing local protection. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1, a type of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, can considerably re-invigorate T cell response and lead to successful tumor control, even in patients at advanced stages. Indeed, ICB has led to unprecedented successes against many types of cancers, starting a ground-breaking revolution in tumor therapy. Unfortunately, not all patients are responsive to such treatment, thus further improvements are urgently needed. The mechanisms underlying resistance to ICB are still largely unknown. A better knowledge of the dynamics of the immune response driven by the two types of memory T cells before and after anti-PD-1/PD-L1 would provide important insights on the variability of the outcomes. This would be instrumental to design new treatments to overcome resistance. Here we provide an overview of T cell contribution to immunity against solid tumors, focusing on memory T cells. We summarize recent evidence on the involvement of recirculating memory T cells and TRM in anti-PD-1/PD-L1-elicited antitumor immunity, outline the open questions in the field, and propose that a synergic action of the two types of memory T cells is required to achieve a full response. We argue that a T-centric vision focused on the specific roles and the possible interplay between TRM and recirculating memory T cells will lead to a better understanding of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mechanism of action, and provide new tools for improving ICB therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gitto
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
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35
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Keam B, Ock CY, Kim TM, Oh DY, Kang WK, Park YH, Lee J, Lee JH, Ahn YH, Kim HJ, Chang SK, Park J, Choi JY, Song YJ, Park YS. A phase I study of IMC-001, a PD-L1 blocker, in patients with metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1624-1632. [PMID: 34268711 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction IMC-001 is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds to human PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1). This study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of IMC-001 in patients with advanced solid tumors. Materials and Methods This open-labeled phase I study used a standard 3 + 3 dose-escalation design, with doses ranging from 2 to 20 mg/kg. IMC-001 was administered intravenously every 2 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The dose-limiting toxicity window was defined as 21 days from the first dose. Results Fifteen subjects were included in 5 dose-escalation cohorts. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed, and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. The most common adverse events (AEs) were general weakness, decreased appetite, fever, and cough. No grade 4 or 5 treatment emergent AEs were reported during the study. One subject in the 2 mg/kg cohort showed grade 2 immune-induced thyroiditis and diabetes mellitus suspected to be related to IMC-001. Over the dose range of 2-20 mg/kg IMC-001, the AUC0-14d, AUC0-∞, and Cmax generally increased in a dose-proportional manner for each step of dose escalation. Of the 15 enrolled patients, 1 subject with rectal cancer showed a partial response, and the disease control rate was 33.3%. Conclusions IMC-001 demonstrated a favorable safety profile up to 20 mg/kg administered intravenously every 2 weeks and showed preliminary efficacy in patients with advanced solid tumors. Based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data, 20 mg/kg was selected as the recommended phase II dose. Clinical trial identification NCT03644056 (date of registration: August 23, 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan-Young Ock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Youn Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Ki Kang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- ImmuneOncia Therapeutics Inc., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yoen Hee Ahn
- ImmuneOncia Therapeutics Inc., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Kim
- ImmuneOncia Therapeutics Inc., Seongnam, South Korea
| | | | - Jihyun Park
- ImmuneOncia Therapeutics Inc., Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ji Yea Choi
- ImmuneOncia Therapeutics Inc., Seongnam, South Korea
| | | | - Young Suk Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
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36
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Nedumannil R, Juneja S. Large granular lymphocytosis: A novel association with immunotherapy. Hematol Oncol 2021; 40:119-121. [PMID: 34713505 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although reactive large granular lymphocytosis due to diverse etiologies is not an uncommon finding in clinical practice, isolated natural killer (NK)-cell lymphocytosis is unusual and its association with immunotherapy has not been described thus far. We provide a brief analysis of a patient with this unique hematological corollary of immunotherapy being increasingly used in the setting of both solid organ and hematological malignancies, and highlight this as an additional differential to consider in the diagnosis of large granular lymphocytosis. Also explored is the importance of recognizing and monitoring the potential hematological manifestations of experimental immunotherapies, as well as the possible implicated mechanisms of action. It is hypothesized that quantification of large granular lymphocytosis may potentially be used as a surrogate marker of therapeutic efficacy in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rithin Nedumannil
- Department of Haematopathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Diagnostic Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Surender Juneja
- Department of Haematopathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Diagnostic Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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37
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Knab VM, Gotthardt D, Klein K, Grausenburger R, Heller G, Menzl I, Prinz D, Trifinopoulos J, List J, Fux D, Witalisz-Siepracka A, Sexl V. Triple-negative breast cancer cells rely on kinase-independent functions of CDK8 to evade NK-cell-mediated tumor surveillance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:991. [PMID: 34689158 PMCID: PMC8542046 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive malignant disease that is responsible for approximately 15% of breast cancers. The standard of care relies on surgery and chemotherapy but the prognosis is poor and there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. Recent in silico studies have revealed an inverse correlation between recurrence-free survival and the level of cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) in breast cancer patients. CDK8 is known to have a role in natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, but its function in TNBC progression and immune cell recognition or escape has not been investigated. We have used a murine model of orthotopic breast cancer to study the tumor-intrinsic role of CDK8 in TNBC. Knockdown of CDK8 in TNBC cells impairs tumor regrowth upon surgical removal and prevents metastasis. In the absence of CDK8, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is impaired and immune-mediated tumor-cell clearance is facilitated. CDK8 drives EMT in TNBC cells in a kinase-independent manner. In vivo experiments have confirmed that CDK8 is a crucial regulator of NK-cell-mediated immune evasion in TNBC. The studies also show that CDK8 is involved in regulating the checkpoint inhibitor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). The CDK8-PD-L1 axis is found in mouse and human TNBC cells, underlining the importance of CDK8-driven immune cell evasion in these highly aggressive breast cancer cells. Our data link CDK8 to PD-L1 expression and provide a rationale for investigating the possibility of CDK8-directed therapy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Maria Knab
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Gotthardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klara Klein
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Grausenburger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingeborg Menzl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Prinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jana Trifinopoulos
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia List
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Fux
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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38
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Hematologic complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Blood 2021; 139:3594-3604. [PMID: 34610113 PMCID: PMC9227102 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a class of anti-neoplastic therapies that unleash immune cells to kill malignant cells. There are currently 7 medications FDA-approved for the treatment of 14 solid tumors and 2 hematological malignancies. These medications commonly cause immune-related adverse effects due to overactive T lymphocytes, autoantibody production, and/or cytokine dysregulation. Hematological toxicities are rare and of uncertain mechanism, and therefore management is often based on experiences with familiar conditions involving these perturbed immune responses, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and idiopathic aplastic anemia. Management is challenging because one must attend to the hematological toxicity while simultaneously attending to the malignancy, with the imperative that effective cancer therapy be maintained or minimally interrupted if possible. The purpose of this review is to assist clinicians by providing a clinical and pathophysiological framework in which to view these problems.
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Mensali N, Dillard P, Fayzullin A, Köksal H, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S. "Built-in" PD-1 blocker to rescue NK-92 activity from PD-L1-mediated tumor escape mechanisms. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21750. [PMID: 34424568 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100025r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Success of adoptive cell therapy mainly depends on the ability of immune cells to persist and function optimally in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Although present at the cancer site, immune cells become exhausted and/or inhibited, due to the presence of inhibitory receptors such as PD-L1 on malignant cells. Novel genetic strategies to manipulate the PD1/PD-L1 axis comprise (i) PD-1 reversion where the receptor intracellular domain is replaced with an activating unit, (ii) the use of anti-PD-L1 CAR or (iii) the disruption of the PD-1 gene. We here present an alternative strategy to equip therapeutic cells with a truncated PD-1 (tPD-1) to abrogate PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. We show that engagement of tPD-1 with PD-L1-positive tumor unleashes NK-92 activity in vitro. Furthermore, this binding was sufficiently strong to induce killing of targets otherwise not recognized by NK-92, thus increasing the range of targets. In vivo treatment with NK-92 tPD-1 cells led to reduced tumor growth and improved survival. Importantly, tPD-1 did not interfere with tumor recognition in PD-L1 negative conditions. Thus, tPD-1 represents a straightforward method for improving antitumor immunity and revealing new targets through PD-L1 positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Mensali
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pierre Dillard
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Artem Fayzullin
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hakan Köksal
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gustav Gaudernack
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnar Kvalheim
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Else Marit Inderberg
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sébastien Wälchli
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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40
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3D tumor spheroid microarray for high-throughput, high-content natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Commun Biol 2021; 4:893. [PMID: 34290356 PMCID: PMC8295284 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to treating several forms of cancer. Use of immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, along with small molecule drugs and antibodies through antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) has been investigated as a potential combination therapy for some difficult to treat solid tumors. Nevertheless, there remains a need to develop tools that support co-culture of target cancer cells and effector immune cells in a contextually relevant three-dimensional (3D) environment to provide a rapid means to screen for and optimize ADCC-drug combinations. To that end, here we have developed a high throughput 330 micropillar-microwell sandwich platform that enables 3D co-culture of NK92-CD16 cells with pancreatic (MiaPaCa-2) and breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The platform successfully mimicked hypoxic conditions found in a tumor microenvironment and was used to demonstrate NK-cell mediated cell cytotoxicity in combination with two monoclonal antibodies; Trastuzumab and Atezolizumab. The platform was also used to show dose response behavior of target cancer cells with reduced EC50 values for paclitaxel (an anti-cancer chemotherapeutic) when treated with both NK cells and antibody. Such a platform may be used to develop more personalized cancer therapies using patient-derived cancer cells.
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41
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Sun Y, Tan J, Miao Y, Zhang Q. The role of PD-L1 in the immune dysfunction that mediates hypoxia-induced multiple organ injury. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:76. [PMID: 34256773 PMCID: PMC8276205 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a pathological condition common to many diseases, although multiple organ injuries induced by hypoxia are often overlooked. There is increasing evidence to suggest that the hypoxic environment may activate innate immune cells and suppress adaptive immunity, further stimulating inflammation and inhibiting immunosurveillance. We found that dysfunctional immune regulation may aggravate hypoxia-induced tissue damage and contribute to secondary injury. Among the diverse mechanisms of hypoxia-induced immune dysfunction identified to date, the role of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has recently attracted much attention. Besides leading to tumour immune evasion, PD-L1 has also been found to participate in the progression of the immune dysfunction which mediates hypoxia-induced multiple organ injury. In this review, we aimed to summarise the role of immune dysfunction in hypoxia-induced multiple organ injury, the effects of hypoxia on the cellular expression of PD-L1, and the effects of upregulated PD-L1 expression on immune regulation. Furthermore, we summarise the latest information pertaining to the involvement, diagnostic value, and therapeutic potential of immunosuppression induced by PD-L1 in various types of hypoxia-related diseases, including cancers, ischemic stroke, acute kidney injury, and obstructive sleep apnoea. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Anshan Road NO.154, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Anshan Road NO.154, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Anshan Road NO.154, Tianjin, 300052 China
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42
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Liu J, Hong H, Shi J, Xie Y, Lu Z, Liu Z, Zhou Z, Bian Z, Huang Z, Wu Z. Dinitrophenol-mediated modulation of an anti-PD-L1 VHH for Fc-dependent effector functions and prolonged serum half-life. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 165:105941. [PMID: 34256102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Single-domain antibodies, VHHs or nanobodies, represent a promising set of alternatives to conventional therapeutic antibodies, gaining substantial attention in the field of cancer immunotherapy. However, inherent drawbacks of nanobodies such as fast clearance from blood circulation and lack of immune effector functions often led to unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. We previously reported that dinitrophenyl modification of an anti-EGFR VHH conferred Fc-dependent immune effector functions and elongated serum half-life on it through recruiting of hapten antibodies, resulting in improved immunotherapy efficacy in vivo. In the present work, we further tested the versatility of this approach in the case of an anti-PD-L1 blockade VHH (KN035). Site-specific dinitrophenyl conjugation did not impair the binding capacity of KN035 portion to PD-L1, but indirectly restored its immune effector functions, manifested by the observed antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against PD-L1 positive tumor cells. Significant delay of blood clearance of dinitrophenylated KN035 was evidenced by the prolonged half-life of ca. 22 h. This approach, using small hapten molecule conjugation, loaded additional antibody-mediated tumor killing mechanisms to PD-L1 blockade VHH and therefore improved efficacy is anticipated in the future in vivo therapeutic studies. Thus, our results underscore the power of this versatile approach for achieving desirable properties of VHH-based or similar therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yuntian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhongkai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhicheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zehua Bian
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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43
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Depleting Tumor Cells Expressing Immune Checkpoint Ligands-A New Approach to Combat Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040872. [PMID: 33921301 PMCID: PMC8069236 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies against inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules (ICPMs), referred to as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have gained a prominent place in cancer therapy. Several ICIs in clinical use have been engineered to be devoid of effector functions because of the fear that ICIs with preserved effector functions could deplete immune cells, thereby curtailing antitumor immune responses. ICPM ligands (ICPMLs), however, are often overexpressed on a sizeable fraction of tumor cells of many tumor types and these tumor cells display an aggressive phenotype with changes typical of tumor cells undergoing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, immune cells expressing ICPMLs are often endowed with immunosuppressive or immune-deviated functionalities. Taken together, these observations suggest that compounds with the potential of depleting cells expressing ICPMLs may become useful tools for tumor therapy. In this article, we summarize the current state of the art of these compounds, including avelumab, which is the only ICI targeting an ICPML with preserved effector functions that has gained approval so far. We also discuss approaches allowing to obtain compounds with enhanced tumor cell-depleting potential compared to native antibodies. Eventually, we propose treatment protocols that may be applied in order to optimize the therapeutic efficacy of compounds that deplete cells expressing ICPMLs.
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44
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Kim KS, Han JH, Choi SH, Jung HY, Park JD, An HJ, Kim SE, Kim DH, Doh J, Han DK, Kim IH, Park W, Park KS. Cationic Nanoparticle-Mediated Activation of Natural Killer Cells for Effective Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56731-56740. [PMID: 33290037 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have been recognized as a next-generation therapy for cancer as they are less likely to trigger adverse events (e.g., cytokine storm or graft-versus-host disease) than T cell-based therapeutics. Although NK cell activation strategies through genetic engineering and cytokine treatment have been actively studied for successful cancer treatment, the approaches are inefficient, expensive, and involve complex processing. Here, we developed a facile and efficient method of activating NK cells using cationic nanoparticles (cNPs). The cytotoxic activity of cNP-treated primary NK and NK-92MI cells against triple-negative breast cancer cells was over 2-fold higher than that of control NK cells in vitro. Molecular biological analyses confirmed that cNPs altered the expression of CCR4 and CXCR4 of NK cells that function as chemokine receptors. In vitro live cell imaging showed that the NK cells treated with cNPs were better than control NK cells at interacting with cancer cells. Consistent with these in vitro results, cNP-treated NK cells effectively inhibited tumor growth in an in vivo tumor animal model of triple-negative breast cancer. Additionally, NK cells treated with cNPs were tracked effectively in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, cNP-mediated activation of NK cells has great potential as an NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Most of all, activating NK cells using cNPs has a great advantage over conventional methods in that immune cells can be activated by a one-step facile process with exogenously charged nanomaterials, without the need for genetic engineering or cytokine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Jun-Hyeok Han
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Yun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Dong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung An
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Junsang Doh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
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45
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Almonte AA, Rangarajan H, Yip D, Fahrer AM. How does the gut microbiome influence immune checkpoint blockade therapy? Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 99:361-372. [PMID: 33147357 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies are revolutionary cancer treatments; however, they only benefit about a third of patients. Therefore, extensive research is underway to find methods to improve their therapeutic efficacy. One avenue of study that has recently emerged is to consider the role the gut microbiome plays in therapeutic success. Several high-impact studies have repeatedly shown that the presence, composition and level of diversity of the gut flora directly impact cancer treatment outcome in both mice and patients. These studies have also highlighted the danger of using antibiotics shortly before or during cancer treatments. However, there are still several questions that need to be answered, including which bacteria promote the greatest benefit, the mechanisms by which they act and how we can use this information to influence treatment outcome. In this review, we explain how the gut microbiome was realized to be of such importance and propose hypotheses for why gut flora have such a critical impact on ICB therapeutic success. We also describe a hypothetical mechanism involving bacterial translocation out of the gut and into the tumor, whereby the bacteria act in an adjuvant capacity to facilitate an antitumor response. By highlighting key papers in the field, we hope to hasten research on the subject so as to find a means to improve the therapeutic efficacy of these ground-breaking cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Almonte
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Hareesha Rangarajan
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Desmond Yip
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Canberra Hospital and ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Garran, ACT, Australia
| | - Aude M Fahrer
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
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