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Ramírez-Rico G, Ruiz-Mazón L, Reyes-López M, Rivillas Acevedo L, Serrano-Luna J, de la Garza M. Apo-Lactoferrin Inhibits the Proteolytic Activity of the 110 kDa Zn Metalloprotease Produced by Mannheimia haemolytica A2. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8232. [PMID: 39125801 PMCID: PMC11311601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mannheimia haemolytica is the main etiological bacterial agent in ruminant respiratory disease. M. haemolytica secretes leukotoxin, lipopolysaccharides, and proteases, which may be targeted to treat infections. We recently reported the purification and in vivo detection of a 110 kDa Zn metalloprotease with collagenase activity (110-Mh metalloprotease) in a sheep with mannheimiosis, and this protease may be an important virulence factor. Due to the increase in the number of multidrug-resistant strains of M. haemolytica, new alternatives to antibiotics are being explored; one option is lactoferrin (Lf), which is a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein from the innate immune system of mammals. Bovine apo-lactoferrin (apo-bLf) possesses many properties, and its bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects have been highlighted. The present study was conducted to investigate whether apo-bLf inhibits the secretion and proteolytic activity of the 110-Mh metalloprotease. This enzyme was purified and sublethal doses of apo-bLf were added to cultures of M. haemolytica or co-incubated with the 110-Mh metalloprotease. The collagenase activity was evaluated using zymography and azocoll assays. Our results showed that apo-bLf inhibited the secretion and activity of the 110-Mh metalloprotease. Molecular docking and overlay assays showed that apo-bLf bound near the active site of the 110-Mh metalloprotease, which affected its enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Ramírez-Rico
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México 54714, Mexico;
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.R.-M.); (M.R.-L.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Lucero Ruiz-Mazón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.R.-M.); (M.R.-L.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Magda Reyes-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.R.-M.); (M.R.-L.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Lina Rivillas Acevedo
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Jesús Serrano-Luna
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.R.-M.); (M.R.-L.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Mireya de la Garza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (L.R.-M.); (M.R.-L.); (J.S.-L.)
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Sarkar VK, De UK, Kala A, Chauhan A, Verma AK, Paul BR, Soni S, Chaudhuri P, Patra MK, Gaur GK. Effects of oral probiotic and lactoferrin interventions on iron-zinc homeostasis, oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium and diarrhoea incidence of neonatal piglets. Benef Microbes 2023; 14:197-208. [PMID: 37026367 DOI: 10.3920/bm2022.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of early-life host specific probiotic and lactoferrin (LF) supplementations on diarrhoea incidence, iron (Fe)-zinc (Zn) balance and antioxidant capabilities in serum of neonatal piglets. A total of eight sow litters obtained from parity matched sows were randomly divided into four groups and assigned to one of the four interventions: control (2.0 ml normal saline), bovine lactoferrin (bLF) (100 mg bLF in normal saline), probiotic (Pb) (1×109 cfu of swine origin Pediococcus acidilactici FT28 strain) and bLF+Pb (both 100 mg bLF and 1×109 cfu of P. acidilactici FT28). All the piglets received supplementations once daily orally for first 7 days of life. The incidence of diarrhoea markedly decreased in bLF group compared to control group. Notably, no incidences of diarrhoea were recorded in Pb and bLF+Pb groups. The Zn and Fe concentrations were significantly increased from day 7 to 21 in bLF and on day 21 in bLF+Pb group. No such changes were noted in Pb group. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in serum was significantly increased on days 7 and 15 in bLF group and on days 7 and 21 in bLF+Pb group. Malonaldehyde concentration was markedly reduced from day 7 to 21 in bLF and bLF+Pb groups. The concentrations of nitrate on days 15 and 21 and malonaldehyde on day 7 were significantly higher in Pb group, but mean TAC was unaltered from day 0 to 21. Although no correlation between the incidence of diarrhoea and Zn/Fe and oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis was noted in the Pb group, the supplementation of P. acidilactici FT28 alone was sufficient to prevent the incidence of diarrhoea in neonatal piglets. Taken together, it is concluded that strategic supplementation of P. acidilactici FT28 in early life could help in preventing diarrhoea until weaning of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sarkar
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - U K De
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - A Kala
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - A Chauhan
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - A K Verma
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - B R Paul
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - S Soni
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - P Chaudhuri
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - M K Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
| | - G K Gaur
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122 (UP), India
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Abstract
Zn2+ ions are essential in many physiological processes, including enzyme catalysis, protein structural stabilization, and the regulation of many proteins. The affinities of proteins for Zn2+ ions span several orders of magnitude, with catalytic Zn2+ ions generally held more tightly than structural or regulatory ones. Metal carrier proteins, most of which are not specific for Zn2+, bind these ions with a broad range of affinities that overlap those of catalytic, structural, and regulatory Zn2+ ions and are thought to be responsible for distributing the metal through most cells, tissues, and fluid compartments. While little is known about how many proteins obtain or release these ions, there is now considerable experimental evidence suggesting that metal carrier proteins may be responsible for transferring metals to and from some Zn2+-dependent proteins, thus serving as a major regulatory factor for them. In this review, the biological roles of Zn2+ and structures of Zn2+ binding sites are examined, and experimental evidence demonstrating the direct participation of metal carrier proteins in enzyme regulation is discussed. Mechanisms of metal ion transfer are also offered, and the potential physiological significance of this phenomenon is explored.
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Oral Bovine Milk Lactoferrin Administration Suppressed Myopia Development through Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 in a Mouse Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123744. [PMID: 33291388 PMCID: PMC7762016 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported an association between myopia development and local ocular inflammation. Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding protein present in saliva, tears, and mother’s milk. Furthermore, sequestering iron by LF can cause its antibacterial property. Moreover, LF has an anti-inflammatory effect. We aimed to determine the suppressive effect of LF against the development and progress of myopia using a murine lens-induced myopia (LIM) model. We divided male C57BL/6J mice (3 weeks old) into two groups. While the experimental group was orally administered LF (1600 mg/kg/day, from 3-weeks-old to 7-weeks-old), a similar volume of Ringer’s solution was administered to the control group. We subjected the 4-week-old mice to −30 diopter lenses and no lenses on the right and left eyes, respectively. We measured the refraction and the axial length at baseline and 3 weeks after using a refractometer and a spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) system in both eyes. Furthermore, we determined the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, and the amount of interleukin-6 (IL-6), MMP-2, and collagen 1A1 in the choroid or sclera. The eyes with a minus lens showed a refractive error shift and an axial length elongation in the control group, thus indicating the successful induction of myopia. However, there were no significant differences in the aforementioned parameters in the LF group. While LIM increased IL-6 expression and MMP-2 activity, it decreased collagen 1A1 content. However, orally administered LF reversed these effects. Thus, oral administration of LF suppressed lens-induced myopia development by modifying the extracellular matrix remodeling through the IL-6–MMP-2 axis in mice.
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Wang X, Khalil RA. Matrix Metalloproteinases, Vascular Remodeling, and Vascular Disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 81:241-330. [PMID: 29310800 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that degrade various proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Typically, MMPs have a propeptide sequence, a catalytic metalloproteinase domain with catalytic zinc, a hinge region or linker peptide, and a hemopexin domain. MMPs are commonly classified on the basis of their substrates and the organization of their structural domains into collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane-type (MT)-MMPs, and other MMPs. MMPs are secreted by many cells including fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle (VSM), and leukocytes. MMPs are regulated at the level of mRNA expression and by activation through removal of the propeptide domain from their latent zymogen form. MMPs are often secreted in an inactive proMMP form, which is cleaved to the active form by various proteinases including other MMPs. MMPs degrade various protein substrates in ECM including collagen and elastin. MMPs could also influence endothelial cell function as well as VSM cell migration, proliferation, Ca2+ signaling, and contraction. MMPs play a role in vascular tissue remodeling during various biological processes such as angiogenesis, embryogenesis, morphogenesis, and wound repair. Alterations in specific MMPs could influence arterial remodeling and lead to various pathological disorders such as hypertension, preeclampsia, atherosclerosis, aneurysm formation, as well as excessive venous dilation and lower extremity venous disease. MMPs are often regulated by endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and the MMP/TIMP ratio often determines the extent of ECM protein degradation and tissue remodeling. MMPs may serve as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for certain vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Kunte M, Desai K. The Inhibitory Effect of C-phycocyanin Containing Protein Extract (C-PC Extract) on Human Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in Hepatocellular Cancer Cell Line (HepG2). Protein J 2017; 36:186-195. [PMID: 28357609 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-017-9707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Spirulina platensis :have been studied for several biological activities. In the current study C-phycocyanin containing protein extract (C-PC extract) of Spirulina platensis have been studied for its effect on human matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). In the present study, breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB 231) and hepatocellular cancer cell line (HepG2) were examined for inhibition of MMPs at different levels of expression after C-PC extract treatment. Herein, we have demonstrated that C-PC extract significantly reduced activity of MMP-2 by 55.13% and MMP-9 by 57.9% in HepG2 cells at 15 μg concentration. Additionally, the treatment has reduced mRNA expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 at 20 μg concentration by 1.65-folds and 1.66-folds respectively. The C-PC extract treatment have also downregulated a mRNA expression of TIMP-2 by 1.12 folds at 20 μg concentration in HepG2 cells. Together, these results indicate that C-PC, extract successfully inhibited MMP-2 and -9 at different levels of expression and TIMP-2 at a mRNA expression level; however, extract did not have any effect on MMP-1 expressed in MDA-MB231 and TIMP-1 expressed in HepG2 cells as well as the exact mechanism of inhibition of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 remained unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Kunte
- Department of Biological Sciences, SD School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Krutika Desai
- Department of Microbiology, SVKM's Mithibai College, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors as Investigational and Therapeutic Tools in Unrestrained Tissue Remodeling and Pathological Disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 148:355-420. [PMID: 28662828 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent proteolytic enzymes that degrade various proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs may also regulate the activity of membrane receptors and postreceptor signaling mechanisms and thereby affect cell function. The MMP family includes collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane-type MMPs, and other MMPs. Inactive proMMPs are cleaved by other MMPs or proteases into active MMPs, which interact with various protein substrates in ECM and cell surface. MMPs regulate important biological processes such as vascular remodeling and angiogenesis and may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and aneurysm. The role of MMPs is often assessed by measuring their mRNA expression, protein levels, and proteolytic activity using gel zymography. MMP inhibitors are also used to assess the role of MMPs in different biological processes and pathological conditions. MMP activity is regulated by endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and the MMP/TIMP balance could determine the net MMP activity, ECM turnover, and tissue remodeling. Also, several synthetic MMP inhibitors have been developed. Synthetic MMP inhibitors include a large number of zinc-binding globulins (ZBGs), in addition to non-ZBGs and mechanism-based inhibitors. MMP inhibitors have been proposed as potential tools in the management of osteoarthritis, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. However, most MMP inhibitors have broad-spectrum actions on multiple MMPs and could cause undesirable musculoskeletal side effects. Currently, doxycycline is the only MMP inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration. New generation biological and synthetic MMP inhibitors may show greater MMP specificity and fewer side effects and could be useful in targeting specific MMPs, reducing unrestrained tissue remodeling, and the management of MMP-related pathological disorders.
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Holanda AODN, Oliveira ARSD, Cruz KJC, Severo JS, Morais JBS, Silva BBD, Marreiro DDN. Zinc and metalloproteinases 2 and 9: What is their relation with breast cancer? Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2017; 63:78-84. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.63.01.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary Zinc is the catalytic component of proteins that regulate responses to DNA damage, intracellular signaling enzymes, and matrix metalloproteinases, which are important proteins in carcinogenesis. The objective of this review is to bring current information on the participation of zinc and matrix metalloproteinases types 2 and 9 in mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. We conducted a literature review, in consultation with the PubMed, Lilacs, and Scielo databases. The zinc and cysteine residues are structural elements shared by all members of the family of matrix metalloproteinases, and these proteins appear to be involved in the propagation of various types of neoplasms, including breast cancer. Moreover, transported zinc is likely to be used for the metalation of the catalytic domain of the newly synthesized metalloproteinases before the latter are secreted. Accordingly, increase in zinc concentrations in cellular compartments and the reduction of this trace element in the blood of patients with breast cancer appear to alter the activity of metalloproteinases 2 and 9, contributing to the occurrence of malignancy. Thus, it is necessary to carry out further studies with a view to clarify the role of zinc and metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
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Vaginal Lactoferrin Modulates PGE 2, MMP-9, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 Amniotic Fluid Concentrations. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3648719. [PMID: 27872513 PMCID: PMC5107848 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3648719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in pregnancy, and cytokine and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) imbalance has been associated with premature rupture of membranes and increased risk of preterm delivery. Previous studies have demonstrated that lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding protein with anti-inflammatory properties, is able to decrease amniotic fluid (AF) levels of IL-6. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of vaginal LF administration on amniotic fluid PGE2 level and MMP-TIMP system in women undergoing genetic amniocentesis. One hundred and eleven women were randomly divided into controls (n = 57) or treated with LF 4 hours before amniocentesis (n = 54). Amniotic fluid PGE2, active MMP-9 and MMP-2, and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 concentrations were determined by commercially available assays and the values were normalized by AF creatinine concentration. PGE2, active MMP-9, and its inhibitor TIMP-1 were lower in LF-treated group than in controls (p < 0.01, p < 0.005, and p < 0.001, resp.). Conversely, active MMP-2 (p < 0.0001) and MMP-2/TIMP-2 molar ratio (p < 0.001) were increased, whilst TIMP-2 was unchanged. Our data suggest that LF administration is able to modulate the inflammatory response following amniocentesis, which may counteract cytokine and prostanoid imbalance that leads to abortion. This trial is registered with Clinical Trial number NCT02695563.
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De Groef L, Andries L, Lemmens K, Van Hove I, Moons L. Matrix metalloproteinases in the mouse retina: a comparative study of expression patterns and MMP antibodies. BMC Ophthalmol 2015; 15:187. [PMID: 26714639 PMCID: PMC4696081 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-015-0176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of Zn(2+)-dependent endoproteases, have been shown to act as fine regulators of both health and disease. Limited research revealed that they are essential to maintaining ocular physiology and inordinate MMP activities have been linked to several neurodegenerative disorders of the retina, including age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and glaucomatous optic neuropathies (GONs). Nevertheless, a clear definition of their pathology-exacerbating and/or -resolving actions is lacking, especially in the context of GONs, as most studies thus far merely focused on expression profiling in human patients. Therefore, in an initial step towards an improved understanding of MMP functions in the retina, we studied the spatial expression pattern of MMP-2, -3, -9 and MT1-MMP in the healthy mouse retina. METHODS The spatial expression pattern of MMP-2, -3, -9 and MT1-MMP was studied in the healthy mouse retina via immunohistochemical stainings, and immunoreactivity profiles were compared to existing literature. Moreover, we considered sensitivity and specificity issues with commercially available MMP antibodies via Western blot. RESULTS Basal expression of MMP-2,-3, -9 and MT1-MMP was found in the retina of healthy, adult mice. MMP-2 expression was seen in Müller glia, predominantly in their end feet, which is in line with available literature. MMP-3 expression was described for the first time in the retina, and was observed in vesicle-like structures along the radial fibers of Müller glia. MMP-9 expression, about which still discords exists, was seen in microglia and in a sparse subset of (apoptosing) RGCs. MT1-MMP localization was for the first time studied in adult mice and was found in RGC axons and Müller glia, mimicking the MT1-MMP expression pattern seen in rabbits and neonatal mice. Moreover, one antibody was selected for each MMP, based on its staining pattern in Western blot. CONCLUSIONS The present MMP immunoreactivity profiles in the mouse retina and validation of MMP antibodies, can be instrumental to study MMP expression in mouse models of ocular pathologies and to compare these expression profiles to observations from clinical studies, which would be a first step in the disentanglement of the exact role MMPs in ocular/retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lies De Groef
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Department of Biology; KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, Box 2464, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lien Andries
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Department of Biology; KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, Box 2464, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kim Lemmens
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Department of Biology; KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, Box 2464, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Inge Van Hove
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Department of Biology; KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, Box 2464, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lieve Moons
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Department of Biology; KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 61, Box 2464, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Prolactin receptor attenuation induces zinc pool redistribution through ZnT2 and decreases invasion in MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2014; 321:190-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pattamatta U, Willcox M, Stapleton F, Garrett Q. Bovine Lactoferrin Promotes Corneal Wound Healing and Suppresses IL-1 Expression in Alkali Wounded Mouse Cornea. Curr Eye Res 2013; 38:1110-7. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2013.811259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Manosroi A, Chutoprapat R, Abe M, Manosroi W, Manosroi J. Anti-aging efficacy of topical formulations containing niosomes entrapped with rice bran bioactive compounds. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:208-24. [PMID: 22235888 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.596206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rice [Oryza sativa L. (Gramineae)] bran is a rich source of phytochemicals. Its oil also contains several bioactive components that exhibit antioxidative properties such as ferulic acid (F), γ-oryzanol (O), and phytic acid (P) which can be a new source of cosmetic raw materials. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-aging effects of the gel and cream containing niosomes entrapped with the rice bran bioactive compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The semi-purified rice bran extracts containing F, O, and P which indicated the growth stimulation of human fibroblasts and the inhibition of MMP-2 by sulforhodamine B and gelatin zymography, respectively, were entrapped in niosomes by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid (scCO(2)) and incorporated in gel and cream formulations. The skin hydration, elasticity, thickness and roughness, and pigmentation in human volunteers after treated with these gel and creams were investigated by corneometer, cutometer, visiometer, and mexameter, respectively. RESULTS Gel and cream containing the semi-purified rice bran extracts entrapped in niosomes gave no sign of erythema and edema detected within 72 h on the shaved rabbit skin by the closed patch test investigated by mexameter and visual observation, respectively. These formulations also demonstrated higher hydration enhancement and improvement of skin lightening, thickness, roughness, and elasticity on the skin of 30 human volunteers within the 28-day treatment not more than 9, 27, 7, 3, and 3 times, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The formulations containing niosomes entrapped with the rice bran bioactive compounds gave superior clinical anti-aging activity which can be applied as a novel skin product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranya Manosroi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors as investigative tools in the pathogenesis and management of vascular disease. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2012; 103:209-79. [PMID: 22642194 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0364-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that degrade various components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs could also regulate the activity of several non-ECM bioactive substrates and consequently affect different cellular functions. Members of the MMPs family include collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane-type MMPs, and others. Pro-MMPs are cleaved into active MMPs, which in turn act on various substrates in the ECM and on the cell surface. MMPs play an important role in the regulation of numerous physiological processes including vascular remodeling and angiogenesis. MMPs may also be involved in vascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm, and varicose veins. MMPs also play a role in the hemodynamic and vascular changes associated with pregnancy and preeclampsia. The role of MMPs is commonly assessed by measuring their gene expression, protein amount, and proteolytic activity using gel zymography. Because there are no specific activators of MMPs, MMP inhibitors are often used to investigate the role of MMPs in different physiologic processes and in the pathogenesis of specific diseases. MMP inhibitors include endogenous tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) and pharmacological inhibitors such as zinc chelators, doxycycline, and marimastat. MMP inhibitors have been evaluated as diagnostic and therapeutic tools in cancer, autoimmune disease, and cardiovascular disease. Although several MMP inhibitors have been synthesized and tested both experimentally and clinically, only one MMP inhibitor, i.e., doxycycline, is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration. This is mainly due to the undesirable side effects of MMP inhibitors especially on the musculoskeletal system. While most experimental and clinical trials of MMP inhibitors have not demonstrated significant benefits, some trials still showed promising results. With the advent of new genetic and pharmacological tools, disease-specific MMP inhibitors with fewer undesirable effects are being developed and could be useful in the management of vascular disease.
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Nadolska B, Frączek M, Kręcicki T, Kocięba M, Zimecki M. Lactoferrin inhibits the growth of nasal polyp fibroblasts. Pharmacol Rep 2011; 62:1139-47. [PMID: 21273671 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lactoferrin (LF) on the growth of fibroblasts derived from nasal polyps. We showed that the proliferation of fibroblasts was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by both native and recombinant LF. The greatest inhibition of proliferation was caused by human milk-derived, iron-saturated LF. The inhibition of fibroblast proliferation was not species specific because bovine LF also was active. The interaction between LFs and a putative cell receptor did not depend on the sugar composition of the glycan moiety of the LF molecule because lactoferrins of different origins were active and the addition of monosaccharides to the cultures did not block proliferation. However, the treatment of fibroblasts with sodium chlorate (an inhibitor of glycosaminoglycan sulfation) or the addition of heparin abolished the inhibitory effect of LF, suggesting that LF binds heparan sulfate-containing proteoglycans. The significance of LF in nasal excretions in controlling polyp formation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Nadolska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, PL 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
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Li J, Fan R, Zhao S, Liu L, Guo S, Wu N, Zhang W, Chen P. Reactive oxygen species released from hypoxic hepatocytes regulates MMP-2 expression in hepatic stellate cells. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:2434-47. [PMID: 21731450 PMCID: PMC3127126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12042434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor and is associated with fibrogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), produced by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), plays an important role in liver fibrogenesis. However, inconsistent results have been reported on the impact of hypoxia on MMP-2 expression and activity in HSCs. We speculated that cell-cell interaction is involved in the regulation of MMP-2 expression and activity at low oxygen level in vivo. Therefore, in this report we investigated the mechanism by which hypoxic hepatocytes regulates MMP-2 expression in HSCs. Our results showed that the conditioned medium from hypoxia-treated rat hepatocytes strongly induced the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein in rat HSC-T6 cells. Reduced glutathione neutralized ROS released from hypoxic hepatocytes, leading to reduced MMP-2 expression in HSC-T6 cells. In addition, phospho-IκB-α protein level was increased in HSC-T6 cells treated with hypoxia conditioned medium, and NF-κB signaling inhibitor inhibited MMP-2 expression in HSC-T6 cells. Taken together, our data suggest that ROS is an important factor released by hypoxic hepatocytes to regulate MMP-2 expression in HSCs, and NF-κB signaling is crucially involved in ROS-induced MMP-2 expression in HSCs. Our findings suggest that strategies aimed at antagonizing the generation of ROS in hypoxic hepatocytes and inhibiting NF-κB signaling in HSCs may represent novel therapeutic options for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (R.F.); (L.L.); (N.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Renhua Fan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (R.F.); (L.L.); (N.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Susu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Nanjing 210029, China; E-Mail:
| | - Leilei Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (R.F.); (L.L.); (N.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (R.F.); (L.L.); (N.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (R.F.); (L.L.); (N.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Wandong Zhang
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Pingsheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; E-Mails: (J.L.); (R.F.); (L.L.); (N.W.); (S.G.)
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Sonier MB, Weger HG. Plasma membrane ferric reductase activity of iron-limited algal cells is inhibited by ferric chelators. Biometals 2010; 23:1029-42. [PMID: 20508972 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-010-9348-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Iron-limited cells of the green alga Chlorella kesslerii use a reductive mechanism to acquire Fe(III) from the extracellular environment, in which a plasma membrane ferric reductase reduces Fe(III)-chelates to Fe(II), which is subsequently taken up by the cell. Previous work has demonstrated that synthetic chelators both support ferric reductase activity (when supplied as Fe(III)-chelates) and inhibit ferric reductase. In the present set of experiments we extend these observations to naturally-occurring chelators and their analogues (desferrioxamine B mesylate, schizokinen, two forms of dihydroxybenzoic acid) and also two formulations of the commonly-used herbicide N-(phoshonomethyl)glycine (glyphosate). The ferric forms of the larger siderophores (desferrioxamine B mesylate, schizokinen) and Fe(III)-N-(phoshonomethyl)glycine (as the isopropylamine salt) all supported rapid rates of ferric reductase activity, while the iron-free forms inhibited reductase activity. The smaller siderophores/siderophore precursors, 2,3- and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acids, did not support high rates of reductase in the ferric form but did inhibit reductase activity in the iron-free form. Bioassays indicated that Fe(III)-chelates that supported high rates of ferric reductase activity also supported a large stimulation in the growth of iron-limited cells, and that an excess of iron-free chelator decreased the growth rate. With respect to N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, there were differences between the pure compound (free acid form) and the most common commercial formulation (which also contains isopropylamine) in terms of supporting and inhibiting ferric reductase activity and growth. Overall, these results suggest that photosynthetic organisms that use a reductive strategy for iron acquisition both require, and are potentially simultaneously inhibited by, ferric chelators. Furthermore, these results also may provide an explanation for the frequently contradictory results of N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine application to crops: we suggest that low concentrations of this molecule likely solubilize Fe(III), making it available for plant growth, but that higher (but sub-lethal) concentrations decrease iron acquisition by inhibiting ferric reductase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew B Sonier
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada
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Seipelt RL, Bailey FC, Schaible A, Thompson MW. Asparagine362 is essential for zinc binding and catalysis in the peptidase reaction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae leukotriene A₄ hydrolase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2010; 1804:2070-2076. [PMID: 20624488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Zinc metallopeptidases are ubiquitous enzymes with diverse cellular functions that can be found in most organisms. Leukotriene A₄ hydrolase (LTA4H; E.C. 3.3.2.6) is an unusual zinc metallopeptidase of the M1 family that also possesses an epoxide hydrolase activity; however, the role of its peptidase activity remains unknown. To further characterize the peptidase activity of LTA4H and other closely related metallopeptidases, a multiple sequence alignment and predicted structure were used to target three amino acid residues of yeast LTA4H for mutagenesis: Asn362, Trp365, and Asp399. Although mutating Trp365 and Asp399 had little effect on catalysis, altering Asn362 had varying effects on catalysis, depending on the replacement residue. Mutation of Asn362 to glutamine (N362Q) caused minor catalytic defects, while mutation to leucine (N362L) or glutamate (N362E) caused large reductions in activity. Both N362L and N362E also exhibited an altered pH dependence of catalysis, reduced chloride activation, and reduced zinc affinity and content, indicating that Asn362 may interact with the nearby zinc coordinating residue His344, and possibly with Glu363 as well, to polarize and/or orient these residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Seipelt
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
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Pecorini C, Delpal S, Truchet S, Le Provost F, Baldi A, Ollivier-Bousquet M. Lactoferrin at basal side of mouse mammary epithelium derives in part from stroma cells. Cell Tissue Res 2009; 338:241-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-009-0873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kobayashi H, Yamada Y, Kanayama S, Furukawa N, Noguchi T, Haruta S, Yoshida S, Sakata M, Sado T, Oi H. The role of iron in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2009; 25:39-52. [PMID: 19165662 DOI: 10.1080/09513590802366204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis may cause symptoms including chronic pelvic pain and infertility, and increases susceptibility to the development of ovarian cancer. Genomic studies have started to delineate the wide array of mediators involved in the development of endometriosis. Understanding the mechanisms of endometriosis development and elucidating its pathogenesis and pathophysiology are intrinsic to prevention and the search for effective therapies. METHOD OF STUDY The present article reviews the English language literature for biological, pathogenetic and pathophysiological studies on endometriosis. Several recent genomic studies are discussed in the context of endometriosis biology. RESULTS Severe hemolysis occurring during the development of endometriosis results in high levels of free heme and iron. These compounds oxidatively modify lipids and proteins, leading to cell and DNA damage, and subsequently fibrosis development. Recent studies based on genome-wide expression analysis technology have noted specific expression of heme/iron-dependent mediators in endometriosis. The heme/iron-dependent signaling pathway of endometriosis, which is providing new insights into the regulation of inflammation, detoxification and survival, is discussed. CONCLUSION Several important endometriosis-specific genes overlap with those known to be regulated by iron. Other genes are involved in oxidative stress. Iron has a significant impact on endometriotic-cell gene expression. This review summarizes recent advances in the heme/iron-mediated signaling and its target genes, outlines the potential challenges to understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis, and proposes a possible novel model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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Nakayama K, Otsuki K, Yakuwa K, Hasegawa A, Sawada M, Mitsukawa K, Chiba H, Nagatsuka M, Okai T. Recombinant human lactoferrin inhibits matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9) activity in a rabbit preterm delivery model. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2008; 34:931-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008.00827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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