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Longden TA, Lederer WJ. Electro-metabolic signaling. J Gen Physiol 2024; 156:e202313451. [PMID: 38197953 PMCID: PMC10783436 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Precise matching of energy substrate delivery to local metabolic needs is essential for the health and function of all tissues. Here, we outline a mechanistic framework for understanding this critical process, which we refer to as electro-metabolic signaling (EMS). All tissues exhibit changes in metabolism over varying spatiotemporal scales and have widely varying energetic needs and reserves. We propose that across tissues, common signatures of elevated metabolism or increases in energy substrate usage that exceed key local thresholds rapidly engage mechanisms that generate hyperpolarizing electrical signals in capillaries that then relax contractile elements throughout the vasculature to quickly adjust blood flow to meet changing needs. The attendant increase in energy substrate delivery serves to meet local metabolic requirements and thus avoids a mismatch in supply and demand and prevents metabolic stress. We discuss in detail key examples of EMS that our laboratories have discovered in the brain and the heart, and we outline potential further EMS mechanisms operating in tissues such as skeletal muscle, pancreas, and kidney. We suggest that the energy imbalance evoked by EMS uncoupling may be central to cellular dysfunction from which the hallmarks of aging and metabolic diseases emerge and may lead to generalized organ failure states-such as diverse flavors of heart failure and dementia. Understanding and manipulating EMS may be key to preventing or reversing these dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Longden
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Interactions, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W. Jonathan Lederer
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Weiss N, Zamponi GW. The T-type calcium channelosome. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:163-177. [PMID: 38036777 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
T-type calcium channels perform crucial physiological roles across a wide spectrum of tissues, spanning both neuronal and non-neuronal system. For instance, they serve as pivotal regulators of neuronal excitability, contribute to cardiac pacemaking, and mediate the secretion of hormones. These functions significantly hinge upon the intricate interplay of T-type channels with interacting proteins that modulate their expression and function at the plasma membrane. In this review, we offer a panoramic exploration of the current knowledge surrounding these T-type channel interactors, and spotlight certain aspects of their potential for drug-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Weiss
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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3
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El-Lakany MA, Haghbin N, Arora N, Hashad AM, Mironova GY, Sancho M, Gros R, Welsh DG. Ca V3.1 channels facilitate calcium wave generation and myogenic tone development in mouse mesenteric arteries. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20407. [PMID: 37989780 PMCID: PMC10663617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The arterial myogenic response to intraluminal pressure elicits constriction to maintain tissue perfusion. Smooth muscle [Ca2+] is a key determinant of constriction, tied to L-type (CaV1.2) Ca2+ channels. While important, other Ca2+ channels, particularly T-type could contribute to pressure regulation within defined voltage ranges. This study examined the role of one T-type Ca2+ channel (CaV3.1) using C57BL/6 wild type and CaV3.1-/- mice. Patch-clamp electrophysiology, pressure myography, blood pressure and Ca2+ imaging defined the CaV3.1-/- phenotype relative to C57BL/6. CaV3.1-/- mice had absent CaV3.1 expression and whole-cell current, coinciding with lower blood pressure and reduced mesenteric artery myogenic tone, particularly at lower pressures (20-60 mmHg) where membrane potential is hyperpolarized. This reduction coincided with diminished Ca2+ wave generation, asynchronous events of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, insensitive to L-type Ca2+ channel blockade (Nifedipine, 0.3 µM). Proximity ligation assay (PLA) confirmed IP3R1/CaV3.1 close physical association. IP3R blockade (2-APB, 50 µM or xestospongin C, 3 µM) in nifedipine-treated C57BL/6 arteries rendered a CaV3.1-/- contractile phenotype. Findings indicate that Ca2+ influx through CaV3.1 contributes to myogenic tone at hyperpolarized voltages through Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release tied to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This study helps establish CaV3.1 as a potential therapeutic target to control blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A El-Lakany
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Road N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nadia Haghbin
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Road N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Naman Arora
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Road N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Ahmed M Hashad
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Road N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Galina Yu Mironova
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Road N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Maria Sancho
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Gros
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Road N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Donald G Welsh
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Road N, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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4
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Behringer EJ. Impact of aging on vascular ion channels: perspectives and knowledge gaps across major organ systems. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H1012-H1038. [PMID: 37624095 PMCID: PMC10908410 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00288.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Individuals aged ≥65 yr will comprise ∼20% of the global population by 2030. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in the world with age-related endothelial "dysfunction" as a key risk factor. As an organ in and of itself, vascular endothelium courses throughout the mammalian body to coordinate blood flow to all other organs and tissues (e.g., brain, heart, lung, skeletal muscle, gut, kidney, skin) in accord with metabolic demand. In turn, emerging evidence demonstrates that vascular aging and its comorbidities (e.g., neurodegeneration, diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease, heart failure, and cancer) are "channelopathies" in large part. With an emphasis on distinct functional traits and common arrangements across major organs systems, the present literature review encompasses regulation of vascular ion channels that underlie blood flow control throughout the body. The regulation of myoendothelial coupling and local versus conducted signaling are discussed with new perspectives for aging and the development of chronic diseases. Although equipped with an awareness of knowledge gaps in the vascular aging field, a section has been included to encompass general feasibility, role of biological sex, and additional conceptual and experimental considerations (e.g., cell regression and proliferation, gene profile analyses). The ultimate goal is for the reader to see and understand major points of deterioration in vascular function while gaining the ability to think of potential mechanistic and therapeutic strategies to sustain organ perfusion and whole body health with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Behringer
- Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
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5
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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6
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Pulgar VM, Harp J, Reeves TE. Molecular Modeling and Potential Ca2+ Channel Blocker Activity of Diphenylmethoxypiperidine Derivatives. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular interactions of 4-diphenylmethoxy-1-methylpiperidine derivatives with the calcium channel CaV1.1 (pdb:6JP5) are described. All the compounds tested, previously shown to inhibit adrenergic vascular contractions, display similar binding energetics and interactions with the trans-membrane domain of 6JP5 on the opposite side relative to the channel pore, where nifedipine, a known dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel blocker binds. Additionally, the compounds tested inhibit Ca2+-dependent contractions in isolated mouse mesenteric arteries. Thus, diphenylpyraline analogs may exert their anticontractile effects, at least partially, by blocking vascular Ca2+ channels.
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Abstract
Resistance arteries and arterioles evolved as specialized blood vessels serving two important functions: (a) regulating peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure and (b) matching oxygen and nutrient delivery to metabolic demands of organs. These functions require control of vessel lumen cross-sectional area (vascular tone) via coordinated vascular cell responses governed by precise spatial-temporal communication between intracellular signaling pathways. Herein, we provide a contemporary overview of the significant roles that redox switches play in calcium signaling for orchestrated endothelial, smooth muscle, and red blood cell control of arterial vascular tone. Three interrelated themes are the focus: (a) smooth muscle to endothelial communication for vasoconstriction, (b) endothelial to smooth muscle cell cross talk for vasodilation, and (c) oxygen and red blood cell interregulation of vascular tone and blood flow. We intend for this thematic framework to highlight gaps in our current knowledge and potentially spark interest for cross-disciplinary studies moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Katona
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Current affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Microvascular Research, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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8
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Hu XQ, Zhang L. Oxidative Regulation of Vascular Ca v1.2 Channels Triggers Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension-Related Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122432. [PMID: 36552639 PMCID: PMC9774363 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure is determined by cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. The L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ (Cav1.2) channel in small arteries and arterioles plays an essential role in regulating Ca2+ influx, vascular resistance, and blood pressure. Hypertension and preeclampsia are characterized by high blood pressure. In addition, diabetes has a high prevalence of hypertension. The etiology of these disorders remains elusive, involving the complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Common to these disorders are oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and mitochondria are primary sources of vascular oxidative stress, whereas dysfunction of the Cav1.2 channel confers increased vascular resistance in hypertension. This review will discuss the importance of ROS derived from NOXs and mitochondria in regulating vascular Cav1.2 and potential roles of ROS-mediated Cav1.2 dysfunction in aberrant vascular function in hypertension, diabetes, and preeclampsia.
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Chambers LC, Diaz-Otero JM, Fisher CL, Jackson WF, Dorrance AM. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism improves transient receptor potential vanilloid 4-dependent dilation of cerebral parenchymal arterioles and cognition in a genetic model of hypertension. J Hypertens 2022; 40:1722-1734. [PMID: 35943101 PMCID: PMC9373385 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In a model of secondary hypertension, mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism during the development of hypertension prevents the impairment of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) activation in parenchymal arterioles (PAs) and cognitive impairment. However, it is unknown whether MR antagonism can improve these impairments when treatment begins after the onset of essential hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that MR activation in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) leads to impaired TRPV4-mediated dilation in PAs that is associated with cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation. METHODS 20-22-week-old male SHRSP ± eplerenone (EPL; 100 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) were compared to normotensive Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Pressure myography was used to assess PA function. Cognition was tested using Y-maze. Neuroinflammation was assessed using immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR. RESULTS Carbachol-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation was impaired in SHRSP, and MR antagonism improved this without affecting myogenic tone. Dilation to TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A was impaired in SHRSP, and ELP treatment restored this. Intermediate conductance potassium channel (IKCa)/small conductance potassium channel (SKCa)-mediated dilation was impaired by hypertension and unaffected by EPL treatment. TRPV4 and IKCa/SKCa channel mRNA expression were reduced in PAs from hypertensive rats, and EPL did not improve this. Impairments in PA dilation in SHRSP were associated with cognitive decline, microglial activation, reactive astrogliosis, and neuroinflammation; cognitive and inflammatory changes were improved with MR blockade. CONCLUSIONS These data advance our understanding of the effects of hypertension on cerebral arterioles using a clinically relevant model and treatment paradigm. Our studies suggest TRPV4 and the MR are potential therapeutic targets to improve cerebrovascular function and cognition during hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Chambers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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10
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Pereira da Silva EA, Martín-Aragón Baudel M, Navedo MF, Nieves-Cintrón M. Ion channel molecular complexes in vascular smooth muscle. Front Physiol 2022; 13:999369. [PMID: 36091375 PMCID: PMC9459047 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.999369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels that influence membrane potential and intracellular calcium concentration control vascular smooth muscle excitability. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, voltage (KV), and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are key regulators of vascular smooth muscle excitability and contractility. These channels are regulated by various signaling cues, including protein kinases and phosphatases. The effects of these ubiquitous signaling molecules often depend on the formation of macromolecular complexes that provide a platform for targeting and compartmentalizing signaling events to specific substrates. This manuscript summarizes our current understanding of specific molecular complexes involving VGCC, TRP, and KV and BK channels and their contribution to regulating vascular physiology.
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11
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Mironova GY, Mazumdar N, Hashad AM, El-Lakany MA, Welsh DG. Defining a Role of NADPH Oxidase in Myogenic Tone Development. Microcirculation 2022; 29:e12756. [PMID: 35289024 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The myogenic response sets the foundation for blood flow control. Recent findings suggest a role for G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and signaling pathways tied to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this regard, this study ascertained the impact of NADPH oxidase (Nox) on myogenic tone in rat cerebral resistance arteries. METHODS The study employed real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR), pressure myography, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Gq blockade abolished myogenic tone in rat cerebral arteries, linking GPCR to mechanosensation. Subsequent work revealed that general (TEMPOL) and mitochondrial specific (MitoTEMPO) ROS scavengers had little impact on myogenic tone, whereas apocynin, a broad spectrum Nox inhibitor, initiated transient dilation. RT-qPCR revealed Nox1 and Nox2 mRNA expression in smooth muscle cells. Pressure myography defined Nox1 rather than Nox2 is facilitating myogenic tone. We rationalized that Nox1-generated ROS was initiating this response by impairing the ability of the CaV 3.2 channel to elicit negative feedback via BKCa . This hypothesis was confirmed in functional experiments. The proximity ligation assay further revealed that Nox1 and CaV 3.2 colocalize within 40 nm of one another. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight that vascular pressurization augments Nox1 activity and ensuing ROS production facilitates myogenic tone by limiting Ca2+ influx via CaV 3.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Yu Mironova
- Robarts Research Institute and Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil Mazumdar
- Robarts Research Institute and Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed M Hashad
- Robarts Research Institute and Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A El-Lakany
- Robarts Research Institute and Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Donald G Welsh
- Robarts Research Institute and Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Salazar-Enciso R, Guerrero-Hernández A, Gómez AM, Benitah JP, Rueda A. Aldosterone-Induced Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Pump Upregulation Counterbalances Cav1.2-Mediated Ca2+ Influx in Mesenteric Arteries. Front Physiol 2022; 13:834220. [PMID: 35360237 PMCID: PMC8963271 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.834220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In mesenteric arteries (MAs), aldosterone (ALDO) binds to the endogenous mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and increases the expression of the voltage-gated L-type Cav1.2 channel, an essential ion channel for vascular contraction, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ store refilling, and Ca2+ spark generation. In mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells (MASMCs), Ca2+ influx through Cav1.2 is the indirect mechanism for triggering Ca2+ sparks. This process is facilitated by plasma membrane-sarcoplasmic reticulum (PM-SR) nanojunctions that drive Ca2+ from the extracellular space into the SR via Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ (SERCA) pump. Ca2+ sparks produced by clusters of Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) at PM-SR nanodomains, decrease contractility by activating large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCa channels), which generate spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs). Altogether, Cav1.2, SERCA pump, RyRs, and BKCa channels work as a functional unit at the PM-SR nanodomain, regulating intracellular Ca2+ and vascular function. However, the effect of the ALDO/MR signaling pathway on this functional unit has not been completely explored. Our results show that short-term exposure to ALDO (10 nM, 24 h) increased the expression of Cav1.2 in rat MAs. The depolarization-induced Ca2+ entry increased SR Ca2+ load, and the frequencies of both Ca2+ sparks and STOCs, while [Ca2+]cyt and vasoconstriction remained unaltered in Aldo-treated MAs. ALDO treatment significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of the SERCA pump, which counterbalanced the augmented Cav1.2-mediated Ca2+ influx at the PM-SR nanodomain, increasing SR Ca2+ content, Ca2+ spark and STOC frequencies, and opposing to hyperpolarization-induced vasoconstriction while enhancing Acetylcholine-mediated vasorelaxation. This work provides novel evidence for short-term ALDO-induced upregulation of the functional unit comprising Cav1.2, SERCA2 pump, RyRs, and BKCa channels; in which the SERCA pump buffers ALDO-induced upregulation of Ca2+ entry at the superficial SR-PM nanodomain of MASMCs, preventing ALDO-triggered depolarization-induced vasoconstriction and enhancing vasodilation. Pathological conditions that lead to SERCA pump downregulation, for instance, chronic exposure to ALDO, might favor the development of ALDO/MR-mediated augmented vasoconstriction of mesenteric arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Salazar-Enciso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Agustín Guerrero-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana M. Gómez
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benitah
- Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - UMR-S 1180, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Angélica Rueda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Angélica Rueda,
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13
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Zhang M, Che C, Cheng J, Li P, Yang Y. Ion channels in stem cells and their roles in stem cell biology and vascular diseases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 166:63-73. [PMID: 35143836 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy may be a promising option for the treatment of vascular diseases. In recent years, significant progress has been made in stem cell research, especially in the mechanism of stem cell activation, homing and differentiation in vascular repair and reconstruction. Current research on stem cells focuses on protein expression and transcriptional networks. Ion channels are considered to be the basis for the generation of bioelectrical signals, which control the proliferation, differentiation and migration of various cell types. Although heterogeneity of multiple ion channels has been found in different types of stem cells, it is unclear whether the heterogeneous expression of ion channels is related to different cell subpopulations and/or different stages of the cell cycle. There is still a long way to go in clinical treatment by using the regulation of stem cell ion channels. In this review, we reviewed the main ion channels found on stem cells, their expression and function in stem cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, and the research status of stem cells' involvement in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chang Che
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou 646000, China.
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14
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Baran R, Marchal S, Garcia Campos S, Rehnberg E, Tabury K, Baselet B, Wehland M, Grimm D, Baatout S. The Cardiovascular System in Space: Focus on In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 10:59. [PMID: 35052739 PMCID: PMC8773383 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
On Earth, humans are subjected to a gravitational force that has been an important determinant in human evolution and function. During spaceflight, astronauts are subjected to several hazards including a prolonged state of microgravity that induces a myriad of physiological adaptations leading to orthostatic intolerance. This review summarises all known cardiovascular diseases related to human spaceflight and focusses on the cardiovascular changes related to human spaceflight (in vivo) as well as cellular and molecular changes (in vitro). Upon entering microgravity, cephalad fluid shift occurs and increases the stroke volume (35-46%) and cardiac output (18-41%). Despite this increase, astronauts enter a state of hypovolemia (10-15% decrease in blood volume). The absence of orthostatic pressure and a decrease in arterial pressures reduces the workload of the heart and is believed to be the underlying mechanism for the development of cardiac atrophy in space. Cellular and molecular changes include altered cell shape and endothelial dysfunction through suppressed cellular proliferation as well as increased cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Human spaceflight is associated with several cardiovascular risk factors. Through the use of microgravity platforms, multiple physiological changes can be studied and stimulate the development of appropriate tools and countermeasures for future human spaceflight missions in low Earth orbit and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronni Baran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (R.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Shannon Marchal
- Department of Astronomy, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.R.); (K.T.); (B.B.)
| | - Sebastian Garcia Campos
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.G.C.); (M.W.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emil Rehnberg
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.R.); (K.T.); (B.B.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Tabury
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.R.); (K.T.); (B.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.R.); (K.T.); (B.B.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.G.C.); (M.W.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (R.B.); (D.G.)
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.G.C.); (M.W.)
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Department of Astronomy, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.R.); (K.T.); (B.B.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Harraz OF, Jensen LJ. Vascular calcium signalling and ageing. J Physiol 2021; 599:5361-5377. [PMID: 34705288 PMCID: PMC9002240 DOI: 10.1113/jp280950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in cellular Ca2+ levels have major influences on vascular function and blood pressure regulation. Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) orchestrate vascular activity in distinct ways, often involving highly specific fluctuations in Ca2+ signalling. Ageing is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but the impact of ageing per se on vascular Ca2+ signalling has received insufficient attention. We reviewed the literature for age-related changes in Ca2+ signalling in relation to vascular structure and function. Vascular tone dysregulation in several vascular beds has been linked to abnormal expression or activity of SMC voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ -activated K+ channels or TRPC6 channels. Some of these effects were linked to altered caveolae density, microRNA expression or 20-HETE abundance. Intracellular store Ca2+ handling was suppressed in ageing mainly via reduced expression of intracellular Ca2+ release channels, and Ca2+ reuptake or efflux pumps. An increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, leading to oxidative stress, could also play a role in SMC hypercontractility and structural remodelling in ageing. In ECs, ageing entailed diverse effects on spontaneous and evoked Ca2+ transients, as well as structural changes at the EC-SMC interface. The concerted effects of altered Ca2+ signalling on myogenic tone, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, and vascular structure are likely to contribute to blood pressure dysregulation and blood flow distribution deficits in critical organs. With the increase in the world's ageing population, future studies should be directed at solving specific ageing-induced Ca2+ signalling deficits to combat the imminent accelerated vascular ageing and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama F. Harraz
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA,Vermont Center for Cardiovascular and Brain Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Lars Jørn Jensen
- Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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16
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Ottolini M, Sonkusare SK. The Calcium Signaling Mechanisms in Arterial Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1831-1869. [PMID: 33792900 PMCID: PMC10388069 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The contractile state of resistance arteries and arterioles is a crucial determinant of blood pressure and blood flow. Physiological regulation of arterial contractility requires constant communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Various Ca2+ signals and Ca2+ -sensitive targets ensure dynamic control of intercellular communications in the vascular wall. The functional effect of a Ca2+ signal on arterial contractility depends on the type of Ca2+ -sensitive target engaged by that signal. Recent studies using advanced imaging methods have identified the spatiotemporal signatures of individual Ca2+ signals that control arterial and arteriolar contractility. Broadly speaking, intracellular Ca2+ is increased by ion channels and transporters on the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticular membrane. Physiological roles for many vascular Ca2+ signals have already been confirmed, while further investigation is needed for other Ca2+ signals. This article focuses on endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signaling mechanisms in resistance arteries and arterioles. We discuss the Ca2+ entry pathways at the plasma membrane, Ca2+ release signals from the intracellular stores, the functional and physiological relevance of Ca2+ signals, and their regulatory mechanisms. Finally, we describe the contribution of abnormal endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signals to the pathogenesis of vascular disorders. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1831-1869, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ottolini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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17
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Harraz OF, Jensen LJ. Aging, calcium channel signaling and vascular tone. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 191:111336. [PMID: 32918949 PMCID: PMC8511598 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling in vascular smooth muscle is crucial for arterial tone regulation and vascular function. Several proteins, including Ca2+ channels, function in an orchestrated fashion so that blood vessels can sense and respond to physiological stimuli such as changes in intravascular pressure. Activation of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel, Cav1.2, leads to Ca2+ influx and consequently arterial tone development and vasoconstriction. Unique among Ca2+ channels, the vascular Cav3.2 T-type channel mediates feedback inhibition of arterial tone-and therefore causes vasodilation-of resistance arteries by virtue of functional association with hyperpolarizing ion channels. During aging, several signaling modalities are altered along with vascular remodeling. There is a growing appreciation of how calcium channel signaling alters with aging and how this may affect vascular function. Here, we discuss key determinants of arterial tone development and the crucial involvement of Ca2+ channels. We next provide an updated view of key changes in Ca2+ channel expression and function during aging and how these affect vascular function. Further, this article synthesizes new questions in light of recent developments. We hope that these questions will outline a roadmap for new research, which, undoubtedly, will unravel a more comprehensive picture of arterial tone dysfunction during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama F. Harraz
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405 USA,Corresponding author. (O.F. Harraz)
| | - Lars Jørn Jensen
- Pathobiological Sciences, Dept. of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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18
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DEMİRTAŞ ŞAHİN T, UTKAN T, KARSON A, YAZIR Y, KARAOZ E. Genetik absans epilepsili WAG/Rij sıçanlarda kardiyovasküler değişiklikler: Kronik etosüksimid tedavisinin etkileri. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.724491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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19
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Smith JF, Lemmey HA, Borysova L, Hiley CR, Dora KA, Garland CJ. Endothelial Nitric Oxide Suppresses Action-Potential-Like Transient Spikes and Vasospasm in Small Resistance Arteries. Hypertension 2020; 76:785-794. [PMID: 32713276 PMCID: PMC7418934 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction in small arteries is a ubiquitous, early feature of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Dysfunction reflects reduced bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) and depressed endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization that enhances vasoreactivity. We measured smooth muscle membrane potential and tension, smooth muscle calcium, and used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in small arteries and isolated tubes of endothelium to investigate how dysfunction enhances vasoreactivity. Rat nonmyogenic mesenteric resistance arteries developed vasomotion to micromolar phenylephrine (α1-adrenoceptor agonist); symmetrical vasoconstrictor oscillations mediated by L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs). Inhibiting NO synthesis abolished vasomotion so nanomolar phenylephrine now stimulated rapid, transient depolarizing spikes in the smooth muscle associated with chaotic vasomotion/vasospasm. Endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization block also enabled phenylephrine-vasospasm but without spikes or chaotic vasomotion. Depolarizing spikes were Ca2+-based and abolished by either T-type or L-type VGCCs blockers with depressed vasoconstriction. Removing NO also enabled transient spikes/vasoconstriction to Bay K-8644 (L-type VGCC activator). However, these were abolished by the L-type VGCC blocker nifedipine but not T-type VGCC block. Phenylephrine also initiated T-type VGCC-transient spikes and enhanced vasoconstriction after NO loss in nonmyogenic arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats. In contrast to mesenteric arteries, myogenic coronary arteries displayed transient spikes and further vasoconstriction spontaneously on loss of NO. T-type VGCC block abolished these spikes and additional vasoconstriction but not myogenic tone. Therefore, in myogenic and nonmyogenic small arteries, reduced NO bioavailability engages T-type VGCCs, triggering transient depolarizing spikes in normally quiescent vascular smooth muscle to cause vasospasm. T-type block may offer a means to suppress vasospasm without inhibiting myogenic tone mediated by L-type VGCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh F. Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, Universityxs of Oxford (J.F.S., H.A.L.L., L.B, K.A.D., C.J.G.)
| | - Hamish A.L. Lemmey
- Department of Pharmacology, Universityxs of Oxford (J.F.S., H.A.L.L., L.B, K.A.D., C.J.G.)
| | - Lyudmyla Borysova
- Department of Pharmacology, Universityxs of Oxford (J.F.S., H.A.L.L., L.B, K.A.D., C.J.G.)
| | - C. Robin Hiley
- From the Deptartment of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge (C.R.H.)
| | - Kim A. Dora
- Department of Pharmacology, Universityxs of Oxford (J.F.S., H.A.L.L., L.B, K.A.D., C.J.G.)
| | - Christopher J. Garland
- Department of Pharmacology, Universityxs of Oxford (J.F.S., H.A.L.L., L.B, K.A.D., C.J.G.)
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20
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Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of small peripheral arteries contribute to blood pressure control by adapting their contractile state. These adaptations depend on the VSMC cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, regulated by complex local elementary Ca2+ signaling pathways. Ca2+ sparks represent local, transient, rapid calcium release events from a cluster of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In arterial SMCs, Ca2+ sparks activate nearby calcium-dependent potassium channels, cause membrane hyperpolarization and thus decrease the global intracellular [Ca2+] to oppose vasoconstriction. Arterial SMC Cav1.2 L-type channels regulate intracellular calcium stores content, which in turn modulates calcium efflux through RyRs. Cav3.2 T-type channels contribute to a minor extend to Ca2+ spark generation in certain types of arteries. Their localization within cell membrane caveolae is essential. We summarize present data on local elementary calcium signaling (Ca2+ sparks) in arterial SMCs with focus on RyR isoforms, large-conductance calcium-dependent potassium (BKCa) channels, and cell membrane-bound calcium channels (Cav1.2 and Cav3.2), particularly in caveolar microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Fan
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yingqiu Cui
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Kassmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
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21
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Fan G, Kaßmann M, Cui Y, Matthaeus C, Kunz S, Zhong C, Zhu S, Xie Y, Tsvetkov D, Daumke O, Huang Y, Gollasch M. Age attenuates the T-type Ca V 3.2-RyR axis in vascular smooth muscle. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13134. [PMID: 32187825 PMCID: PMC7189999 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae position CaV3.2 (T‐type Ca2+ channel encoded by the α‐3.2 subunit) sufficiently close to RyR (ryanodine receptors) for extracellular Ca2+ influx to trigger Ca2+ sparks and large‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channel feedback in vascular smooth muscle. We hypothesize that this mechanism of Ca2+ spark generation is affected by age. Using smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from mouse mesenteric arteries, we found that both Cav3.2 channel inhibition by Ni2+ (50 µM) and caveolae disruption by methyl‐ß‐cyclodextrin or genetic abolition of Eps15 homology domain‐containing protein (EHD2) inhibited Ca2+ sparks in cells from young (4 months) but not old (12 months) mice. In accordance, expression of Cav3.2 channel was higher in mesenteric arteries from young than old mice. Similar effects were observed for caveolae density. Using SMAKO Cav1.2−/− mice, caffeine (RyR activator) and thapsigargin (Ca2+ transport ATPase inhibitor), we found that sufficient SR Ca2+ load is a prerequisite for the CaV3.2‐RyR axis to generate Ca2+ sparks. We identified a fraction of Ca2+ sparks in aged VSMCs, which is sensitive to the TRP channel blocker Gd3+ (100 µM), but insensitive to CaV1.2 and CaV3.2 channel blockade. Our data demonstrate that the VSMC CaV3.2‐RyR axis is down‐regulated by aging. This defective CaV3.2‐RyR coupling is counterbalanced by a Gd3+ sensitive Ca2+ pathway providing compensatory Ca2+ influx for triggering Ca2+ sparks in aged VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Fan
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Hunan Cancer Hospital The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
| | - Mario Kaßmann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Yingqiu Cui
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Claudia Matthaeus
- Crystallography Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
| | - Séverine Kunz
- Electron Microscopy Facility Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Germany
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yu Xie
- Hunan Cancer Hospital The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
| | - Dmitry Tsvetkov
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Crystallography Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Yu Huang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Geriatrics University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
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22
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Manoury B, Idres S, Leblais V, Fischmeister R. Ion channels as effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways: Functional relevance for arterial tone regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107499. [PMID: 32068004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous mediators and drugs regulate blood flow or arterial pressure by acting on vascular tone, involving cyclic nucleotide intracellular pathways. These signals lead to regulation of several cellular effectors, including ion channels that tune cell membrane potential, Ca2+ influx and vascular tone. The characterization of these vasocontrictive or vasodilating mechanisms has grown in complexity due to i) the variety of ion channels that are expressed in both vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ii) the heterogeneity of responses among the various vascular beds, and iii) the number of molecular mechanisms involved in cyclic nucleotide signalling in health and disease. This review synthesizes key data from literature that highlight ion channels as physiologically relevant effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways in the vasculature, including the characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved. In smooth muscle cells, cation influx or chloride efflux through ion channels are associated with vasoconstriction, whereas K+ efflux repolarizes the cell membrane potential and mediates vasodilatation. Both categories of ion currents are under the influence of cAMP and cGMP pathways. Evidence that some ion channels are influenced by CN signalling in endothelial cells will also be presented. Emphasis will also be put on recent data touching a variety of determinants such as phosphodiesterases, EPAC and kinase anchoring, that complicate or even challenge former paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Manoury
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Sarah Idres
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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23
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Zhang B, Chen L, Bai YG, Song JB, Cheng JH, Ma HZ, Ma J, Xie MJ. miR-137 and its target T-type Ca V 3.1 channel modulate dedifferentiation and proliferation of cerebrovascular smooth muscle cells in simulated microgravity rats by regulating calcineurin/NFAT pathway. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12774. [PMID: 32034930 PMCID: PMC7106958 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Postflight orthostatic intolerance has been regarded as a major adverse effect after microgravity exposure, in which cerebrovascular adaptation plays a critical role. Our previous finding suggested that dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) might be one of the key contributors to cerebrovascular adaptation under simulated microgravity. This study was aimed to confirm this concept and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to 28‐day hindlimb‐unloading to simulate microgravity exposure. VSMC dedifferentiation was evaluated by ultrastructural analysis and contractile/synthetic maker detection. The role of T‐type CaV3.1 channel was revealed by assessing its blocking effects. MiR‐137 was identified as the upstream of CaV3.1 channel by luciferase assay and investigated by gain/loss‐of‐function approaches. Calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T lymphocytes (NFAT) pathway, the downstream of CaV3.1 channel, was investigated by detecting calcineurin activity and NFAT nuclear translocation. Results Simulated microgravity induced the dedifferentiation and proliferation in rat cerebral VSMCs. T‐type CaV3.1 channel promoted the dedifferentiation and proliferation of VSMC. MiR‐137 and calcineurin/NFATc3 pathway were the upstream and downstream signalling of T‐type CaV3.1 channel in modulating the dedifferentiation and proliferation of VSMCs, respectively. Conclusions The present work demonstrated that miR‐137 and its target T‐type CaV3.1 channel modulate the dedifferentiation and proliferation of rat cerebral VSMCs under simulated microgravity by regulating calcineurin/NFATc3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun-Gang Bai
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ji-Bo Song
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiu-Hua Cheng
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Zhe Ma
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Man-Jiang Xie
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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24
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To KHT, Gui P, Li M, Zawieja SD, Castorena-Gonzalez JA, Davis MJ. T-type, but not L-type, voltage-gated calcium channels are dispensable for lymphatic pacemaking and spontaneous contractions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:70. [PMID: 31919478 PMCID: PMC6952455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous contractions of collecting lymphatic vessels provide an essential propulsive force to return lymph centrally. These contractions are driven by an intrinsic electrical pacemaker, working through an unknown underlying ionic mechanism that becomes compromised in some forms of lymphedema. In previous studies, T-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) were implicated in this pacemaking mechanism, based on the effects of the reputedly selective T-type VGCC inhibitors mibefradil and Ni2+. Our goal was to test this idea in a more definitive way using genetic knock out mice. First, we demonstrated through both PCR and immunostaining that mouse lymphatic muscle cells expressed Cav3.1 and Cav3.2 and produced functional T-type VGCC currents when patch clamped. We then employed genetic deletion strategies to selectively test the roles of each T-type VGCC isoform in the regulation of lymphatic pacemaking. Surprisingly, global deletion of either, or both, isoform(s) was without significant effect on either the frequency, amplitude, or fractional pump flow of lymphatic collectors from two different regions of the mouse, studied ex vivo. Further, both WT and Cav3.1-/-; 3.2-/- double knock-out lymphatic vessels responded similarly to mibefradil and Ni2+, which substantially reduced contraction amplitudes and slightly increased frequencies at almost all pressures in both strains: a pattern consistent with inhibition of L-type rather than T-type VGCCs. Neither T-type VGCC isoform was required for ACh-induced inhibition of contraction, a mechanism by which those channels in smooth muscle are thought to be targets of endothelium-derived nitric oxide. Sharp intracellular electrode measurements in lymphatic smooth muscle revealed only subtle, but not significant, differences in the resting membrane potential and action potential characteristics between vessels from wild-type and Cav3.1-/-; 3.2-/- double knock-out mice. In contrast, smooth-muscle specific deletion of the L-type VGCC, Cav1.2, completely abolished all lymphatic spontaneous contractions. Collectively our results suggest that, although T-type VGCCs are expressed in mouse lymphatic smooth muscle, they do not play a significant role in modulating the frequency of the ionic pacemaker or the amplitude of spontaneous contractions. We conclude that the effects of mibefradil and Ni2+ in other lymphatic preparations are largely or completely explained by off-target effects on L-type VGCCs, which are essential for controlling both the frequency and strength of spontaneous contractions.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/chemistry
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/deficiency
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/metabolism
- Lymphatic Vessels/physiology
- Male
- Membrane Potentials/drug effects
- Mibefradil/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Nickel/pharmacology
- Pacemaker, Artificial
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim H T To
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA
| | - Peichun Gui
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA
| | - Scott D Zawieja
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA
| | - Jorge A Castorena-Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA
| | - Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA.
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25
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Ion channels and the regulation of myogenic tone in peripheral arterioles. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2020; 85:19-58. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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26
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Ottolini M, Hong K, Sonkusare SK. Calcium signals that determine vascular resistance. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 11:e1448. [PMID: 30884210 PMCID: PMC6688910 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Small arteries in the body control vascular resistance, and therefore, blood pressure and blood flow. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells in the arterial walls respond to various stimuli by altering the vascular resistance on a moment to moment basis. Smooth muscle cells can directly influence arterial diameter by contracting or relaxing, whereas endothelial cells that line the inner walls of the arteries modulate the contractile state of surrounding smooth muscle cells. Cytosolic calcium is a key driver of endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions. Cytosolic calcium can be increased either by calcium release from intracellular stores through IP3 or ryanodine receptors, or the influx of extracellular calcium through ion channels at the cell membrane. Depending on the cell type, spatial localization, source of a calcium signal, and the calcium-sensitive target activated, a particular calcium signal can dilate or constrict the arteries. Calcium signals in the vasculature can be classified into several types based on their source, kinetics, and spatial and temporal properties. The calcium signaling mechanisms in smooth muscle and endothelial cells have been extensively studied in the native or freshly isolated cells, therefore, this review is limited to the discussions of studies in native or freshly isolated cells. This article is categorized under: Biological Mechanisms > Cell Signaling Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Imaging Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ottolini
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Kwangseok Hong
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Physical Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Swapnil K. Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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27
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Lian X, Matthaeus C, Kaßmann M, Daumke O, Gollasch M. Pathophysiological Role of Caveolae in Hypertension. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:153. [PMID: 31355199 PMCID: PMC6635557 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae, flask-shaped cholesterol-, and glycosphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains, contain caveolin 1, 2, 3 and several structural proteins, in particular Cavin 1-4, EHD2, pacsin2, and dynamin 2. Caveolae participate in several physiological processes like lipid uptake, mechanosensitivity, or signaling events and are involved in pathophysiological changes in the cardiovascular system. They serve as a specific membrane platform for a diverse set of signaling molecules like endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and further maintain vascular homeostasis. Lack of caveolins causes the complete loss of caveolae; induces vascular disorders, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired myogenic tone; and alters numerous cellular processes, which all contribute to an increased risk for hypertension. This brief review describes our current knowledge on caveolae in vasculature, with special focus on their pathophysiological role in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Lian
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center—A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité–University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Matthaeus
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Kaßmann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center—A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité–University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center—A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité–University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Berlin, Germany
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28
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Teng X, Li H, Xue H, Jin S, Xiao L, Guo Q, Wu Y. GABA A receptor, K ATP channel and L-type Ca 2+ channel is associated with facilitation effect of H 2S on the baroreceptor reflex in spontaneous hypertensive rats. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:968-975. [PMID: 31470293 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate whether the facilitating effect of H2S on the baroreceptor reflex is associated with the GABAA receptor, KATP channel and L-type Ca2+ channel pathway. METHODS Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used to investigate the facilitating effect of H2S on the baroreceptor reflex by perfusing the isolated carotid sinus. The mechanism by which H2S facilitated the baroreceptor reflex was determined by using Bay K8644 (an agonist of calcium channels), glibenclamide (Gli, a KATP channel blocker), and picrotoxin (PIC, a blocker of γ-aminobutyric acid [GABA]A receptor). RESULTS As compared with WKY rats, SHRs showed impaired baroreceptor reflex sensitivity, as demonstrated by a right and upward shift of the functional curve for the intrasinus pressure-arterial blood pressure relation. H2S perfusion (25, 50, or 100 μmol/L) dose-dependently ameliorated the impaired sensitivity of the baroreceptor reflex. Bay K8644 (500 nmol/L), Gli (20 μmol/L) and PIC (50 μmol/L) all prevented H2S ameliorating the impaired baroreceptor reflex. CONCLUSIONS H2S facilitating the baroreceptor reflex might be associated with activating the GABAA receptor, opening the KATP channel, and closing the L-type Ca2+ channel. These areas should provide new targets for preventing and treating hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Teng
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongmei Xue
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sheng Jin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuming Wu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, China.
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29
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Fan G, Kaßmann M, Hashad AM, Welsh DG, Gollasch M. Differential targeting and signalling of voltage-gated T-type Ca v 3.2 and L-type Ca v 1.2 channels to ryanodine receptors in mesenteric arteries. J Physiol 2018; 596:4863-4877. [PMID: 30146760 PMCID: PMC6187032 DOI: 10.1113/jp276923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS In arterial smooth muscle, Ca2+ sparks are elementary Ca2+ -release events generated by ryanodine receptors (RyRs) to cause vasodilatation by opening maxi Ca2+ -sensitive K+ (BKCa ) channels. This study elucidated the contribution of T-type Cav 3.2 channels in caveolae and their functional interaction with L-type Cav 1.2 channels to trigger Ca2+ sparks in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Our data demonstrate that L-type Cav 1.2 channels provide the predominant Ca2+ pathway for the generation of Ca2+ sparks in murine arterial VSMCs. T-type Cav 3.2 channels represent an additional source for generation of VSMC Ca2+ sparks. They are located in pit structures of caveolae to provide locally restricted, tight coupling between T-type Cav 3.2 channels and RyRs to ignite Ca2+ sparks. ABSTRACT Recent data suggest that T-type Cav 3.2 channels in arterial vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and pits structure of caveolae could contribute to elementary Ca2+ signalling (Ca2+ sparks) via ryanodine receptors (RyRs) to cause vasodilatation. While plausible, their precise involvement in igniting Ca2+ sparks remains largely unexplored. The goal of this study was to elucidate the contribution of caveolar Cav 3.2 channels and their functional interaction with Cav 1.2 channels to trigger Ca2+ sparks in VSMCs from mesenteric, tibial and cerebral arteries. We used tamoxifen-inducible smooth muscle-specific Cav 1.2-/- (SMAKO) mice and laser scanning confocal microscopy to assess Ca2+ spark generation in VSMCs. Ni2+ , Cd2+ and methyl-β-cyclodextrin were used to inhibit Cav 3.2 channels, Cav 1.2 channels and caveolae, respectively. Ni2+ (50 μmol L-1 ) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (10 mmol L-1 ) decreased Ca2+ spark frequency by ∼20-30% in mesenteric VSMCs in a non-additive manner, but failed to inhibit Ca2+ sparks in tibial and cerebral artery VSMCs. Cd2+ (200 μmol L-1 ) suppressed Ca2+ sparks in mesenteric arteries by ∼70-80%. A similar suppression of Ca2+ sparks was seen in mesenteric artery VSMCs of SMAKO mice. The remaining Ca2+ sparks were fully abolished by Ni2+ or methyl-β-cyclodextrin. Our data demonstrate that Ca2+ influx through CaV 1.2 channels is the primary means of triggering Ca2+ sparks in murine arterial VSMCs. CaV 3.2 channels, localized to caveolae and tightly coupled to RyR, provide an additional Ca2+ source for Ca2+ spark generation in mesenteric, but not tibial and cerebral, arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Fan
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinExperimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)Campus BuchBerlinGermany
| | - Mario Kaßmann
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinExperimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)Campus BuchBerlinGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)BerlinGermany
| | - Ahmed M. Hashad
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyHotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular InstitutesUniversity of CalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Donald G. Welsh
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyWestern UniversityLondonONCanada
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinExperimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)Campus BuchBerlinGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)BerlinGermany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinMedical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive CareCampus VirchowBerlinGermany
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30
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Hashad AM, Harraz OF, Brett SE, Romero M, Kassmann M, Puglisi JL, Wilson SM, Gollasch M, Welsh DG. Caveolae Link Ca
V
3.2 Channels to BK
Ca
-Mediated Feedback in Vascular Smooth Muscle. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2371-2381. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Hashad
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (A.M.H., O.F.H., D.G.W.)
| | - Osama F. Harraz
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (A.M.H., O.F.H., D.G.W.)
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington (O.F.H.)
| | - Suzanne E. Brett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.E.B., D.G.W.)
| | - Monica Romero
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Core, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA (M.R., S.M.W.)
| | - Mario Kassmann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centre, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.K., M.G.)
| | - Jose L. Puglisi
- College of Medicine, California North State University, Sacramento (J.L.P.)
| | - Sean M. Wilson
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Core, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA (M.R., S.M.W.)
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centre, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.K., M.G.)
| | - Donald G. Welsh
- From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (A.M.H., O.F.H., D.G.W.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.E.B., D.G.W.)
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Eid AH, El-Yazbi AF, Zouein F, Arredouani A, Ouhtit A, Rahman MM, Zayed H, Pintus G, Abou-Saleh H. Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors in Hypertension. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1018. [PMID: 30093868 PMCID: PMC6071574 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypertension remains a major cause of global mortality and morbidity. It is a complex disease that is the clinical manifestation of multiple genetic, environmental, nutritional, hormonal, and aging-related disorders. Evidence supports a role for vascular aging in the development of hypertension involving an impairment in endothelial function together with an alteration in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcium homeostasis leading to increased myogenic tone. Changes in free intracellular calcium levels ([Ca2+] i ) are mediated either by the influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space or release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, mainly the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The influx of extracellular Ca2+ occurs primarily through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOC), and Ca2+ release-activated channels (CRAC), whereas SR-Ca2+ release occurs through inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and ryanodine receptors (RyRs). IP3R-mediated SR-Ca2+ release, in the form of Ca2+ waves, not only contributes to VSMC contraction and regulates VGCC function but is also intimately involved in structural remodeling of resistance arteries in hypertension. This involves a phenotypic switch of VSMCs as well as an alteration of cytoplasmic Ca2+ signaling machinery, a phenomena tightly related to the aging process. Several lines of evidence implicate changes in expression/function levels of IP3R isoforms in the development of hypertension, VSMC phenotypic switch, and vascular aging. The present review discusses the current knowledge of these mechanisms in an integrative approach and further suggests potential new targets for hypertension management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fouad Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Allal Ouhtit
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Md M Rahman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Haissam Abou-Saleh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Voltage-dependent inward currents in smooth muscle cells of skeletal muscle arterioles. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194980. [PMID: 29694371 PMCID: PMC5919073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent inward currents responsible for the depolarizing phase of action potentials were characterized in smooth muscle cells of 4th order arterioles in mouse skeletal muscle. Currents through L-type Ca2+ channels were expected to be dominant; however, action potentials were not eliminated in nominally Ca2+-free bathing solution or by addition of L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine (10 μM). Instead, Na+ channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 μM) reduced the maximal velocity of the upstroke at low, but not at normal (2 mM), Ca2+ in the bath. The magnitude of TTX-sensitive currents recorded with 140 mM Na+ was about 20 pA/pF. TTX-sensitive currents decreased five-fold when Ca2+ increased from 2 to 10 mM. The currents reduced three-fold in the presence of 10 mM caffeine, but remained unaltered by 1 mM of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX). In addition to L-type Ca2+ currents (15 pA/pF in 20 mM Ca2+), we also found Ca2+ currents that are resistant to 10 μM nifedipine (5 pA/pF in 20 mM Ca2+). Based on their biophysical properties, these Ca2+ currents are likely to be through voltage-gated T-type Ca2+ channels. Our results suggest that Na+ and at least two types (T- and L-) of Ca2+ voltage-gated channels contribute to depolarization of smooth muscle cells in skeletal muscle arterioles. Voltage-gated Na+ channels appear to be under a tight control by Ca2+ signaling.
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33
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Hashad AM, Sancho M, Brett SE, Welsh DG. Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate the Suppression of Arterial Smooth Muscle T-type Ca 2+ Channels by Angiotensin II. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3445. [PMID: 29472601 PMCID: PMC5823855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular T-type Ca2+ channels (CaV3.1 and CaV3.2) play a key role in arterial tone development. This study investigated whether this conductance is a regulatory target of angiotensin II (Ang II), a vasoactive peptide that circulates and which is locally produced within the arterial wall. Patch clamp electrophysiology performed on rat cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells reveals that Ang II (100 nM) inhibited T-type currents through AT1 receptor activation. Blocking protein kinase C failed to eliminate channel suppression, a finding consistent with unique signaling proteins enabling this response. In this regard, inhibiting NADPH oxidase (Nox) with apocynin or ML171 (Nox1 selective) abolished channel suppression highlighting a role for reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the presence of Ni2+ (50 µM), Ang II failed to modulate the residual T-type current, an observation consistent with this peptide targeting CaV3.2. Selective channel suppression by Ang II impaired the ability of CaV3.2 to alter spontaneous transient outward currents or vessel diameter. Proximity ligation assay confirmed Nox1 colocalization with CaV3.2. In closing, Ang II targets CaV3.2 channels via a signaling pathway involving Nox1 and the generation of ROS. This unique regulatory mechanism alters BKCa mediated feedback giving rise to a “constrictive” phenotype often observed with cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Hashad
- Deptartment of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maria Sancho
- Deptartment Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzanne E Brett
- Deptartment Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donald G Welsh
- Deptartment of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Deptartment Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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34
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Tanner MR, Beeton C. Differences in ion channel phenotype and function between humans and animal models. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2018; 23:43-64. [PMID: 28930537 DOI: 10.2741/4581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels play crucial roles in regulating a broad range of physiological processes. They form a very large family of transmembrane proteins. Their diversity results from not only a large number of different genes encoding for ion channel subunits but also the ability of subunits to assemble into homo- or heteromultimers, the existence of splice variants, and the expression of different regulatory subunits. These characteristics and the existence of very selective modulators make ion channels very attractive targets for therapy in a wide variety of pathologies. Some ion channels are already being targeted in the clinic while many more are being evaluated as novel drug targets in both clinical and preclinical studies. Advancing ion channel modulators from the bench to the clinic requires their assessment for safety and efficacy in animal models. While extrapolating results from one species to another is tempting, doing such without careful evaluation of the ion channels in different species presents a risk as the translation is not always straightforward. Here, we discuss differences between species in terms of ion channels expressed in selected tissues, differing roles of ion channels in some cell types, variable response to pharmacological agents, and human channelopathies that cannot fully be replicated in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Tanner
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, and Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030
| | - Christine Beeton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, and Center for Drug Discovery and Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030,
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35
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Thuesen AD, Andersen K, Lyngsø KS, Burton M, Brasch-Andersen C, Vanhoutte PM, Hansen PBL. Deletion of T-type calcium channels Cav3.1 or Cav3.2 attenuates endothelial dysfunction in aging mice. Pflugers Arch 2017; 470:355-365. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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36
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Tang J, Li N, Chen X, Gao Q, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Liu B, Sun M, Xu Z. Prenatal Hypoxia Induced Dysfunction in Cerebral Arteries of Offspring Rats. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.006630. [PMID: 28974495 PMCID: PMC5721865 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Hypoxia during pregnancy could cause abnormal development and lead to increased risks of vascular diseases in adults. This study determined angiotensin II (AII)‐mediated vascular dysfunction in offspring middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Methods and Results Pregnant rats were subjected to hypoxia. Vascular tension in offspring MCA by AII with or without inhibitors, calcium channel activities, and endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores were tested. Whole‐cell patch clamping was used to investigate voltage‐dependent calcium channel currents. mRNA expression was tested using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. AII‐mediated MCA constriction was greater in male offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia. AT1 and AT2 receptors were involved in the altered AII‐mediated vasoconstriction. Prenatal hypoxia increased baseline activities of L‐type calcium channel currents in MCA smooth muscle cells. However, calcium currents stimulated by AII were not significantly changed, whereas nifedipine inhibited AII‐mediated vasoconstrictions in the MCA. Activities of IP3/ryanodine receptor–operated calcium channels, endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores, and sarcoendoplasmic reticulum membrane Ca2+‐ATPase were increased. Prenatal hypoxia also caused dysfunction of vasodilatation via the endothelium NO synthase. The mRNA expressions of AT1A, AT1B, AT2R, Cav1.2α1C, Cav3.2α1H, and ryanodine receptor RyR2 were increased in the prenatal‐hypoxia group. Conclusions Hypoxia in pregnancy could induce dysfunction in both contraction and dilation in the offspring MCA. AII‐increased constriction in the prenatal‐hypoxia group was not mainly dependent on the L‐type and T‐type calcium channels; it might predominantly rely on the AII receptors, IP3/ryanodine receptors, and the endoplasmic reticulum calcium store as well as calcium ATPase.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology
- Cerebrovascular Disorders/metabolism
- Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Fetal Hypoxia/complications
- Fetal Hypoxia/metabolism
- Fetal Hypoxia/physiopathology
- Gestational Age
- Humans
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/genetics
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/metabolism
- Membrane Potentials
- Membrane Transport Modulators/pharmacology
- Middle Cerebral Artery/drug effects
- Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism
- Middle Cerebral Artery/physiopathology
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Angiotensin/genetics
- Receptors, Angiotensin/metabolism
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/genetics
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/metabolism
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/genetics
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Tang
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueyi Chen
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute of Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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37
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Wang F, Koide M, Wellman GC. Nifedipine Inhibition of High-Voltage Activated Calcium Channel Currents in Cerebral Artery Myocytes Is Influenced by Extracellular Divalent Cations. Front Physiol 2017; 8:210. [PMID: 28439241 PMCID: PMC5383720 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) play an essential role in regulating cerebral artery diameter and it is widely appreciated that the L-type VDCC, CaV1.2, encoded by the CACNA1C gene, is a principal Ca2+ entry pathway in vascular myocytes. However, electrophysiological studies using 10 mM extracellular barium ([Ba2+]o) as a charge carrier have shown that ~20% of VDCC currents in cerebral artery myocytes are insensitive to 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) L-type VDDC inhibitors such as nifedipine. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that the concentration of extracellular divalent cations can influence nifedipine inhibition of VDCC currents. Whole-cell VDCC membrane currents were obtained from freshly isolated rat cerebral artery myocytes in extracellular solutions containing Ba2+ and/or Ca2+. In the absence of [Ca2+]o, both nifedipine-sensitive and -insensitive calcium currents were observed in 10 mM [Ba2+]o. However, VDCC currents were abolished by nifedipine when using a combination of 10 mM [Ba2+]o and 100 μM [Ca2+]o. VDCC currents were also completely inhibited by nifedipine in either 2 mM [Ba2+]o or 2 mM [Ca2+]o. The biophysical characteristics of all recorded VDCC currents were consistent with properties of a high-voltage activated VDCC, such as CaV1.2. Further, VDCC currents recorded in 10 mM [Ba2+]o ± 100 μM [Ca2+]o or 2 mM [Ba2+]o exhibited similar sensitivity to the benzothiazepine L-type VDCC blocker, diltiazem, with complete current inhibition at 100 μM. These data suggest that nifedipine inhibition is influenced by both Ca2+ binding to an external site(s) on these channels and surface charge effects related to extracellular divalent cations. In sum, this work demonstrates that the extracellular environment can profoundly impact VDCC current measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlington, VT, USA.,Second Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China
| | - Masayo Koide
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlington, VT, USA
| | - George C Wellman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlington, VT, USA
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38
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Tykocki NR, Boerman EM, Jackson WF. Smooth Muscle Ion Channels and Regulation of Vascular Tone in Resistance Arteries and Arterioles. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:485-581. [PMID: 28333380 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vascular tone of resistance arteries and arterioles determines peripheral vascular resistance, contributing to the regulation of blood pressure and blood flow to, and within the body's tissues and organs. Ion channels in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in these blood vessels importantly contribute to the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, the primary determinant of SMC contractile activity and vascular tone. Ion channels provide the main source of activator Ca2+ that determines vascular tone, and strongly contribute to setting and regulating membrane potential, which, in turn, regulates the open-state-probability of voltage gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), the primary source of Ca2+ in resistance artery and arteriolar SMCs. Ion channel function is also modulated by vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, contributing to all aspects of the regulation of vascular tone. This review will focus on the physiology of VGCCs, voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels, large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels, strong-inward-rectifier K+ (KIR) channels, ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, ryanodine receptors (RyRs), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), and a variety of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that contribute to pressure-induced myogenic tone in resistance arteries and arterioles, the modulation of the function of these ion channels by vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, their role in the functional regulation of tissue blood flow and their dysfunction in diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:485-581, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Tykocki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Erika M Boerman
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - William F Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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39
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Thuesen AD, Lyngsø KS, Rasmussen L, Stubbe J, Skøtt O, Poulsen FR, Pedersen CB, Rasmussen LM, Hansen PBL. P/Q-type and T-type voltage-gated calcium channels are involved in the contraction of mammary and brain blood vessels from hypertensive patients. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:640-651. [PMID: 27273014 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Calcium channel blockers are widely used in cardiovascular diseases. Besides L-type channels, T- and P/Q-type calcium channels are involved in the contraction of human renal blood vessels. It was hypothesized that T- and P/Q-type channels are involved in the contraction of human brain and mammary blood vessels. METHODS Internal mammary arteries from bypass surgery patients and cerebral arterioles from patients with brain tumours with and without hypertension were tested in a myograph and perfusion set-up. PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed on isolated blood vessels. RESULTS The P/Q-type antagonist ω-agatoxin IVA (10-8 mol L-1 ) and the T-type calcium blocker mibefradil (10-7 mol L-1 ) inhibited KCl depolarization-induced contraction in mammary arteries from hypertensive patients with no effect on blood vessels from normotensive patients. ω-Agatoxin IVA decreased contraction in cerebral arterioles from hypertensive patients. L-type blocker nifedipine abolished the contraction in mammary arteries. PCR analysis showed expression of P/Q-type (Cav 2.1), T-type (Cav 3.1 and Cav 3.2) and L-type (Cav 1.2) calcium channels in mammary and cerebral arteries. Immunohistochemical labelling of mammary and cerebral arteries revealed the presence of Cav 2.1 in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Cav 3.1 was also detected in mammary arteries. CONCLUSION P/Q- and T-type Cav are present in human internal mammary arteries and in cerebral penetrating arterioles. P/Q- and T-type calcium channels are involved in the contraction of mammary arteries from hypertensive patients but not from normotensive patients. Furthermore, in cerebral arterioles P/Q-type channels importance was restricted to hypertensive patients might lead to that T- and P/Q-type channels could be a new target in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. D. Thuesen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - K. S. Lyngsø
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - L. Rasmussen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - J. Stubbe
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - O. Skøtt
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - F. R. Poulsen
- Department of Neurosurgery; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
- Clinical Institute; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - C. B. Pedersen
- Department of Neurosurgery; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - L. M. Rasmussen
- Clinical Institute; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology; Centre for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - P. B. L. Hansen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
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40
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Jensen LJ, Nielsen MS, Salomonsson M, Sørensen CM. T-type Ca 2+ channels and autoregulation of local blood flow. Channels (Austin) 2017; 11:183-195. [PMID: 28055302 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2016.1273997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
L-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels are considered to be the primary source of calcium influx during the myogenic response. However, many vascular beds also express T-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels. Recent studies suggest that these channels may also play a role in autoregulation. At low pressures (40-80 mmHg) T-type channels affect myogenic responses in cerebral and mesenteric vascular beds. T-type channels also seem to be involved in skeletal muscle autoregulation. This review discusses the expression and role of T-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels in the autoregulation of several different vascular beds. Lack of specific pharmacological inhibitors has been a huge challenge in the field. Now the research has been strengthened by genetically modified models such as mice lacking expression of T-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels (CaV3.1 and CaV3.2). Hopefully, these new tools will help further elucidate the role of voltage gated T-type Ca2+ channels in autoregulation and vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Jørn Jensen
- a Departments of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Morten Schak Nielsen
- b Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Max Salomonsson
- b Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Charlotte Mehlin Sørensen
- b Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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41
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Hashad AM, Mazumdar N, Romero M, Nygren A, Bigdely-Shamloo K, Harraz OF, Puglisi JL, Vigmond EJ, Wilson SM, Welsh DG. Interplay among distinct Ca 2+ conductances drives Ca 2+ sparks/spontaneous transient outward currents in rat cerebral arteries. J Physiol 2016; 595:1111-1126. [PMID: 27805790 DOI: 10.1113/jp273329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Distinct Ca2+ channels work in a coordinated manner to grade Ca2+ spark/spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) in rat cerebral arteries. The relative contribution of each Ca2+ channel to Ca2+ spark/STOC production depends upon their biophysical properties and the resting membrane potential of smooth muscle. Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger, but not TRP channels, can also facilitate STOC production. ABSTRACT Ca2+ sparks are generated in a voltage-dependent manner to initiate spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs), events that moderate arterial constriction. In this study, we defined the mechanisms by which membrane depolarization increases Ca2+ sparks and subsequent STOC production. Using perforated patch clamp electrophysiology and rat cerebral arterial myocytes, we monitored STOCs in the presence and absence of agents that modulate Ca2+ entry. Beginning with CaV 3.2 channel inhibition, Ni2+ was shown to decrease STOC frequency in cells held at hyperpolarized (-40 mV) but not depolarized (-20 mV) voltages. In contrast, nifedipine, a CaV 1.2 inhibitor, markedly suppressed STOC frequency at -20 mV but not -40 mV. These findings aligned with the voltage-dependent profiles of L- and T-type Ca2+ channels. Furthermore, computational and experimental observations illustrated that Ca2+ spark production is intimately tied to the activity of both conductances. Intriguingly, this study observed residual STOC production at depolarized voltages that was independent of CaV 1.2 and CaV 3.2. This residual component was insensitive to TRPV4 channel modulation and was abolished by Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger blockade. In summary, our work highlights that the voltage-dependent triggering of Ca2+ sparks/STOCs is not tied to a single conductance but rather reflects an interplay among multiple Ca2+ permeable pores with distinct electrophysiological properties. This integrated orchestration enables smooth muscle to grade Ca2+ spark/STOC production and thus precisely tune negative electrical feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Hashad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Neil Mazumdar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Monica Romero
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, CA, USA
| | - Anders Nygren
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamran Bigdely-Shamloo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Osama F Harraz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jose L Puglisi
- California Northstate University College of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Edward J Vigmond
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,LIRYC Institute and Lab IMB, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sean M Wilson
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, CA, USA
| | - Donald G Welsh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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42
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Tamargo J, Ruilope LM. Investigational calcium channel blockers for the treatment of hypertension. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:1295-1309. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2016.1241764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Tamargo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases
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43
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Ghosh D, Syed AU, Prada MP, Nystoriak MA, Santana LF, Nieves-Cintrón M, Navedo MF. Calcium Channels in Vascular Smooth Muscle. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 78:49-87. [PMID: 28212803 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a central role in excitation, contraction, transcription, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMs). Precise regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is crucial for proper physiological VSM function. Studies over the last several decades have revealed that VSMs express a variety of Ca2+-permeable channels that orchestrate a dynamic, yet finely tuned regulation of [Ca2+]i. In this review, we discuss the major Ca2+-permeable channels expressed in VSM and their contribution to vascular physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ghosh
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - A U Syed
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - M P Prada
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - M A Nystoriak
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - L F Santana
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - M F Navedo
- University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
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44
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Longden TA, Hill-Eubanks DC, Nelson MT. Ion channel networks in the control of cerebral blood flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2016; 36:492-512. [PMID: 26661232 PMCID: PMC4794103 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x15616138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and twenty five years ago, Roy and Sherrington made the seminal observation that neuronal stimulation evokes an increase in cerebral blood flow.(1) Since this discovery, researchers have attempted to uncover how the cells of the neurovascular unit-neurons, astrocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells and pericytes-coordinate their activity to control this phenomenon. Recent work has revealed that ionic fluxes through a diverse array of ion channel species allow the cells of the neurovascular unit to engage in multicellular signaling processes that dictate local hemodynamics.In this review we center our discussion on two major themes: (1) the roles of ion channels in the dynamic modulation of parenchymal arteriole smooth muscle membrane potential, which is central to the control of arteriolar diameter and therefore must be harnessed to permit changes in downstream cerebral blood flow, and (2) the striking similarities in the ion channel complements employed in astrocytic endfeet and endothelial cells, enabling dual control of smooth muscle from either side of the blood-brain barrier. We conclude with a discussion of the emerging roles of pericyte and capillary endothelial cell ion channels in neurovascular coupling, which will provide fertile ground for future breakthroughs in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Longden
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Mark T Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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45
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Hurtado R, Smith CS. Hyperpolarization-activated cation and T-type calcium ion channel expression in porcine and human renal pacemaker tissues. J Anat 2016; 228:812-25. [PMID: 26805464 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal pacemaker activity triggers peristaltic upper urinary tract contractions that propel waste from the kidney to the bladder, a process prone to congenital defects that are the leading cause of pediatric kidney failure. Recently, studies have discovered that hyperpolarization-activated cation (HCN) and T-type calcium (TTC) channel conductances underlie murine renal pacemaker activity, setting the origin and frequency and coordinating upper urinary tract peristalsis. Here, we determined whether this ion channel expression is conserved in the porcine and human urinary tracts, which share a distinct multicalyceal anatomy with multiple pacemaker sites. Double chromagenic immunohistochemistry revealed that HCN isoform 3 is highly expressed at the porcine minor calyces, the renal pacemaker tissues, whereas the kidney and urinary tract smooth muscle lacked this HCN expression. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that HCN(+) cells are integrated within the porcine calyx smooth muscle, and that they co-express TTC channel isoform Cav3.2. In humans, the anatomic structure of the minor calyx pacemaker was assayed via hematoxylin and eosin analyses, and enabled the visualization of the calyx smooth muscle surrounding adjacent papillae. Strikingly, immunofluorescence revealed that HCN3(+) /Cav3.2(+) cells are also localized to the human minor calyx smooth muscle. Collectively, these data have elucidated a conserved molecular signature of HCN and TTC channel expression in porcine and human calyx pacemaker tissues. These findings provide evidence for the mechanisms that can drive renal pacemaker activity in the multi-calyceal urinary tract, and potential causes of obstructive uropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romulo Hurtado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.,The Core for Smooth Muscle Analysis, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carl S Smith
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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46
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Harraz OF, Visser F, Brett SE, Goldman D, Zechariah A, Hashad AM, Menon BK, Watson T, Starreveld Y, Welsh DG. CaV1.2/CaV3.x channels mediate divergent vasomotor responses in human cerebral arteries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 145:405-18. [PMID: 25918359 PMCID: PMC4411256 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201511361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of arterial tone is critical in the spatial and temporal control of cerebral blood flow. Voltage-gated Ca(2+) (CaV) channels are key regulators of excitation-contraction coupling in arterial smooth muscle, and thereby of arterial tone. Although L- and T-type CaV channels have been identified in rodent smooth muscle, little is known about the expression and function of specific CaV subtypes in human arteries. Here, we determined which CaV subtypes are present in human cerebral arteries and defined their roles in determining arterial tone. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively, identified mRNA and protein for L- and T-type channels in smooth muscle of cerebral arteries harvested from patients undergoing resection surgery. Analogous to rodents, CaV1.2 (L-type) and CaV3.2 (T-type) α1 subunits were expressed in human cerebral arterial smooth muscle; intriguingly, the CaV3.1 (T-type) subtype present in rodents was replaced with a different T-type isoform, CaV3.3, in humans. Using established pharmacological and electrophysiological tools, we separated and characterized the unique profiles of Ca(2+) channel subtypes. Pressurized vessel myography identified a key role for CaV1.2 and CaV3.3 channels in mediating cerebral arterial constriction, with the former and latter predominating at higher and lower intraluminal pressures, respectively. In contrast, CaV3.2 antagonized arterial tone through downstream regulation of the large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel. Computational analysis indicated that each Ca(2+) channel subtype will uniquely contribute to the dynamic regulation of cerebral blood flow. In conclusion, this study documents the expression of three distinct Ca(2+) channel subtypes in human cerebral arteries and further shows how they act together to orchestrate arterial tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama F Harraz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Frank Visser
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Suzanne E Brett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Anil Zechariah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ahmed M Hashad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Bijoy K Menon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Tim Watson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Yves Starreveld
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Donald G Welsh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain and Libin Cardiovascular Institutes, and Molecular Core Facility, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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47
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Hashitani H, Lang RJ. Spontaneous activity in the microvasculature of visceral organs: role of pericytes and voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels. J Physiol 2016; 594:555-65. [PMID: 26607499 DOI: 10.1113/jp271438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The microvasculature plays a primary role in the interchange of substances between tissues and the circulation. In visceral organs that undergo considerable distension upon filling, the microvasculature appears to display intrinsic contractile properties to maintain their flow. Submucosal venules in the bladder or gastrointestinal tract generate rhythmic spontaneous phasic constrictions and associated Ca(2+) transients. These events are initiated within either venular pericytes or smooth muscle cells (SMCs) arising from spontaneous Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the opening of Ca(2+) -activated chloride channels (CaCCs) that trigger Ca(2+) influx through L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (VDCCs). L-type VDCCs also play a critical role in maintaining synchrony within the contractile mural cells. In the stomach myenteric layer, spontaneous Ca(2+) transients originating in capillary pericytes appear to spread to their neighbouring arteriolar SMCs. Capillary Ca(2+) transients primarily rely on SR Ca(2+) release, but also require Ca(2+) influx through T-type VDCCs for their synchrony. The opening of T-type VDCCs also contribute to the propagation of Ca(2+) transients into SMCs. In visceral microvasculature, pericytes act as either spontaneously active contractile machinery of the venules or as pacemaker cells generating synchronous Ca(2+) transients that drive spontaneous contractions in upstream arterioles. Thus pericytes play different roles in different vascular beds in a manner that may well depend on the selective expression of T-type and L-type Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Hashitani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Richard J Lang
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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Martinsen A, Dessy C, Morel N. Regulation of calcium channels in smooth muscle: new insights into the role of myosin light chain kinase. Channels (Austin) 2015; 8:402-13. [PMID: 25483583 DOI: 10.4161/19336950.2014.950537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) plays a crucial role in artery contraction, which regulates blood pressure and blood flow distribution. In addition to this role, MLCK contributes to Ca(2+) flux regulation in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) and in non-muscle cells, where cytoskeleton has been suggested to help Ca(2+) channels trafficking. This conclusion is based on the use of pharmacological inhibitors of MLCK and molecular and cellular techniques developed to down-regulate the enzyme. Dissimilarities have been observed between cells and whole tissues, as well as between large conductance and small resistance arteries. A differential expression in MLCK and ion channels (either voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels or non-selective cationic channels) could account for these observations, and is in line with the functional properties of the arteries. A potential involvement of MLCK in the pathways modulating Ca(2+) entry in VSM is described in the present review.
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Key Words
- CaM, calmodulin
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- MLCK, myosin light chain kinase
- Myosin light chain kinase
- ROC, receptor-operated Ca2+ (channel)
- SMC, smooth muscle cell
- SOC, store-operated Ca2+ (channel)
- SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum
- TRP
- TRP, transient receptor potential (channel)
- VOC, voltage-operated Ca2+ (channel)
- VSM, vascular smooth muscle
- VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell
- [Ca2+]cyt, cytosolic Ca2+ concentration
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- vascular smooth muscle
- voltage-dependent calcium channels
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martinsen
- a Cell physiology; IoNS; UCLouvain ; Brussels , Belgium
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Ou X, Crane DE, MacIntosh BJ, Young LT, Arnold P, Ameis S, Goldstein BI. CACNA1C rs1006737 genotype and bipolar disorder: Focus on intermediate phenotypes and cardiovascular comorbidity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 55:198-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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50
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Boedtkjer DMB, Kim S, Jensen AB, Matchkov VM, Andersson KE. New selective inhibitors of calcium-activated chloride channels - T16A(inh) -A01, CaCC(inh) -A01 and MONNA - what do they inhibit? Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:4158-72. [PMID: 26013995 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE T16A(inh)-A01, CaCC(inh)-A01 and MONNA are identified as selective inhibitors of the TMEM16A calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). The aim of this study was to examine the chloride-specificity of these compounds on isolated resistance arteries in the presence and absence (±) of extracellular chloride. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Isolated resistance arteries were maintained in a myograph and tension recorded, in some instances combined with microelectrode impalement for membrane potential measurements or intracellular calcium monitoring using fura-2. Voltage-dependent calcium currents (VDCC) were measured in A7r5 cells with voltage-clamp electrophysiology using barium as a charge carrier. KEY RESULTS Rodent arteries preconstricted with noradrenaline or U46619 were concentration-dependently relaxed by T16A(inh) -A01 (0.1-10 μM): IC50 and maximum relaxation were equivalent in ±chloride (30 min aspartate substitution) and the T16A(inh) -A01-induced vasorelaxation ±chloride were accompanied by membrane hyperpolarization and lowering of intracellular calcium. However, agonist concentration-response curves ±chloride, with 10 μM T16A(inh) -A01 present, achieved similar maximum constrictions although agonist-sensitivity decreased. Contractions induced by elevated extracellular potassium were concentration-dependently relaxed by T16A(inh)-A01 ±chloride. Moreover, T16A(inh) -A01 inhibited VDCCs in A7r5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. CaCC(inh) -A01 and MONNA (0.1-10 μM) induced vasorelaxation ±chloride and both compounds lowered maximum contractility. MONNA, 10 μM, induced substantial membrane hyperpolarization under resting conditions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS T16A(inh) -A01, CaCC(inh) -A01 and MONNA concentration-dependently relax rodent resistance arteries, but an equivalent vasorelaxation occurs when the transmembrane chloride gradient is abolished with an impermeant anion. These compounds therefore display poor selectivity for TMEM16A and inhibition of CaCC in vascular tissue in the concentration range that inhibits the isolated conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M B Boedtkjer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - S Kim
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A B Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - V M Matchkov
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - K E Andersson
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.,Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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