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Jano E, Vaz MJ, Mally PN, Wachtel EV. Pilot Study Investigating Brain Natriuretic Peptide, Troponin, Galectin-3, and miRNA-126a-5p as Biomarkers of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury Receiving Therapeutic Hypothermia. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e60-e68. [PMID: 35436801 DOI: 10.1055/a-1827-7518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the utility of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), troponin, galectin-3 (Gal-3), and microRNA (miRNA)-126a-5p as screening biomarkers for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) by comparing expression in serum of infants with hypoxic-ischemic injury that develop PPHN to those that do not. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective, observational pilot study including neonates with hypoxic-ischemic injury undergoing therapeutic hypothermia (TH) at two regional perinatal medical centers. PPHN in this population was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by echocardiogram. Serial measurements of biomarkers were performed from 6 to 96 hours post-TH initiation in 40 patients. RESULTS Of 40 infants in the study, 10 (25%) developed PPHN and 30 (75%) did not. Baseline demographics and hemodynamics were similar between the groups. Patients with PPHN had a significantly higher need for vasopressors compared with patients without PPHN (70 vs. 27%, p = 0.007). Mean serum BNP and troponin levels were significantly higher in the PPHN group peaking at 12 to 24 hours and decreasing following PPHN treatment initiation. miRNA-126a-5p expression was increased in patients with PPHN compared with patients without, with statistical significance detected at 12 hours (p = 0.005) and 96 hours (p = 0.01). Mean circulating Gal-3 levels were not statistically different between the two groups; however, Gal-3 was elevated in all patients with hypoxic-ischemic injury on TH compared with healthy infants from prior studies. CONCLUSION BNP and troponin are readily available, low-cost biomarkers that showed significant serial elevations in the PPHN group of the study and, thus, may have value in screening for PPHN in the setting of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Gal-3 was elevated in all patients with HIE and may be a useful biomarker of hypoxic injury in infants being evaluated for TH. Elevations in miRNA-126a-5p were not consistently seen in this study. Larger studies are required to establish an association between PPHN and these biomarkers in patients with and without HIE. KEY POINTS · Serum biomarkers of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. · Serum biomarkers of hypoxic-ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eni Jano
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Michelle J Vaz
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, New York, New York
| | - Pradeep N Mally
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, New York, New York
| | - Elena V Wachtel
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, New York, New York
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Jiang G, Shi LF, Li LJ, Duan XJ, Zheng ZF. Activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway improves pulmonary arterial hypertension in MCT-induced rats by inhibiting autophagy. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23452. [PMID: 38308640 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301563r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We aimed to investigate whether the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway affects the development of PAH by mediating autophagy. A PAH rat model was established using monocrotaline (MCT). Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were extracted, and the changes in proliferation, migration, autophagy, and oxidative stress were analyzed following overexpression or knockdown of p62. The impact of p62 on the symptoms of PAH rats was assessed by the injection of an adenovirus overexpressing p62. We found that the knockdown of p62 increased the proliferation and migration of PASMCs, elevating the oxidative stress of PASMCs and upregulating gene expression of NADPH oxidases. Co-IP assay results demonstrated that p62 interacted with Keap1. p62 knockdown enhanced Keap1 protein stability and Nrf2 ubiquitination. LC3II/I and ATG5 were expressed more often when p62 was knocked down. Treating with an inhibitor of autophagy reversed the impact of p62 knockdown on PASMCs. Nrf2 inhibitor treatment reduced the expression of Nrf2 and p62, while increasing the expression of Keap1, LC3II/I, and ATG5 in PASMCs. However, overexpressing p62 diminished mRVP, SPAP, and Fulton index in PAH rats and attenuated pulmonary vascular wall thickening. Overexpression of p62 also decreased the expression of Keap1, LC3II/I, and ATG5 and increased the nuclear expression of Nrf2 in PAH rats. Importantly, overexpression of p62 reduced oxidative stress and the NADPH oxidase expression in PAH rats. Overall, activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback signaling axis reduces the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and alleviates PAH by inhibiting autophagy and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Li-Fang Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Jiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ju Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Fen Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
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Hua R, Gao H, He C, Xin S, Wang B, Zhang S, Gao L, Tao Q, Wu W, Sun F, Xu J. An emerging view on vascular fibrosis molecular mediators and relevant disorders: from bench to bed. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1273502. [PMID: 38179503 PMCID: PMC10764515 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1273502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular fibrosis is a widespread pathologic condition that arises during vascular remodeling in cardiovascular dysfunctions. According to previous studies, vascular fibrosis is characterized by endothelial matrix deposition and vascular wall thickening. The RAAS and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways have been frequently highlighted. It is, however, far from explicit in terms of understanding the cause and progression of vascular fibrosis. In this review, we collected and categorized a large number of molecules which influence the fibrosing process, in order to acquire a better understanding of vascular fibrosis, particularly of pathologic dysfunction. Furthermore, several mediators that prevent vascular fibrosis are discussed in depth in this review, with the aim that this will contribute to the future prevention and treatment of related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Hua
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Tao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Experimental Center for Morphological Research Platform, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Experimental Animal Laboratory, Xuan-Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jiang HX, Wang XD, Wang HX, Liu T. Baicalin attenuates pulmonary vascular remodeling by inhibiting calpain-1 mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23076. [PMID: 38144352 PMCID: PMC10746466 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of baicalin on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the mechanism is unclear. Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of baicalin on pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) with a focus on calpain-1-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Methods PAH was induced by intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT) in rats and hypoxia in calpain-1 gene knockout (Capn1-/-) and wild-type C57BL/6 mice. An in vitro PVR model was established in PASMCs and HPAECs. Results The data showed that baicalin treatment and calpain-1 inhibition alleviated MCT and hypoxia-induced increases in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), prevented right ventricle hypertrophy and PVR, and attenuated cardiopulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, baicalin ameliorated PAH-induced EndMT, as evidenced by the suppressed expression of mesenchymal markers vimentin, and α-SMA and restored expression of endothelial markers CD31, and VE-cadherin. In vitro studies showed that baicalin treatment blocked TGF-β1-induced EndMT in HPAECs and abolished hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and migration. All the beneficial effects of baicalin on PVR in vitro and in vivo were accompanied by suppressed calpain-1 expression. Further study demonstrated that baicalin treatment and calpain-1 inhibition inhibited the enhanced expression of PI3K and p-AKT both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions In conclusion, baicalin treatment attenuates PVR by inhibiting calpain-1 and PI3K/Akt-mediated EndMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-xi Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xiao-di Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, China
| | - Hong-xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
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Padgett CA, Bátori RK, Speese AC, Rosewater CL, Bush WB, Derella CC, Haigh SB, Sellers HG, Corley ZL, West MA, Mintz JD, Ange BB, Harris RA, Brands MW, Fulton DJR, Stepp DW. Galectin-3 Mediates Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity by Regulating NADPH Oxidase 1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e381-e395. [PMID: 37586054 PMCID: PMC10695282 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Metabolic dysfunction, especially hyperglycemia, is thought to be a major contributor, but how glucose impacts vascular function is unclear. GAL3 (galectin-3) is a sugar-binding lectin upregulated by hyperglycemia, but its role as a causative mechanism of cardiovascular disease remains poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the role of GAL3 in regulating microvascular endothelial vasodilation in obesity. METHODS GAL3 was measured and found to be markedly increased in the plasma of overweight and obese patients, as well as in the microvascular endothelium of diabetic patients. To investigate causative mechanisms in cardiovascular disease, mice deficient in GAL3 were bred with obese db/db mice to generate lean, lean GAL3 knockout, obese, and obese GAL3 knockout genotypes. Endothelial cell-specific GAL3 knockout mice with novel AAV-induced obesity recapitulated whole-body knockout studies to confirm cell specificity. RESULTS Deletion of GAL3 did not alter body mass, adiposity, or plasma indices of glycemia and lipidemia, but levels of plasma reactive oxygen species as assessed by plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were normalized in obese GAL3 knockout mice. Obese mice exhibited profound endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, both of which were rescued by GAL3 deletion. Isolated microvascular endothelial cells from obese mice had increased expression of NOX1 (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1), which we have previously shown to contribute to increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which was normalized in microvascular endothelium from mice lacking GAL3. Cell-specific deletion confirmed that endothelial GAL3 regulates obesity-induced NOX1 overexpression and subsequent microvascular function. Furthermore, improvement of metabolic syndrome by increasing muscle mass, improving insulin signaling, or treating with metformin decreased microvascular GAL3, and thereby NOX1, expression levels. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of GAL3 normalizes microvascular endothelial function in obese db/db mice, likely through a NOX1-mediated mechanism. Pathological levels of GAL3, and in turn NOX1, are amenable to improvements in metabolic status, presenting a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate pathological cardiovascular consequences of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb A. Padgett
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Róbert K. Bátori
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Andrew C. Speese
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Cody L. Rosewater
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Weston B. Bush
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Cassandra C. Derella
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Stephen B. Haigh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Hunter G. Sellers
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Zachary L. Corley
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Madison A. West
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - James D. Mintz
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Brittany B. Ange
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Ryan A. Harris
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Michael W. Brands
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - David J. R. Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - David W. Stepp
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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张 宁, 邱 奇, 陈 永, 孙 正, 卢 国, 王 磊, 康 品, 王 洪. [Quercetin improves pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats by regulating the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:1606-1612. [PMID: 37814876 PMCID: PMC10563098 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.09.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism through which quercetin improves pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). METHODS Rat models of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension were established by exposure to hypoxia for 8-10 h each day (6 days a week for 4 weeks), and before each hypoxic exposure, the rats were given intragastric administration of 100 mg/kg quercetin or saline. After the treatments, the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure of the rats were recorded. The right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) was measured to evaluate right ventricular hypertrophy. HE staining was used to observe the remodeling of the pulmonary arterioles. The right cardiac function of the rats was evaluated by ultrasound. The protein levels of HMGB1, RAGE, NF-κB, Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in the lung tissue of the rats were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the rats maintained in normoxia, the rats with chronic hypoxic exposure showed significantly increased RVHI and RVSP (P<0.01), which were obviously lowered by quercetin treatment (P<0.01). HE staining showed significant pulmonary artery wall thickening with reduced lumen diameter in hypoxia group, and quercetin treatment effectively improved pulmonary vascular remodeling. Ultrasound examination revealed a significantly increased RVFW and a lowered PAT/PET ratio in hypoxia group (P<0.01), and such changes were ameliorated by quercetin treatment (P<0.01). Chronic hypoxia significantly increased the protein expressions of HMGB1 (P<0.01), RAGE, NF-κB and Bcl-2 (P<0.01) and lowered the protein expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 (P<0.01); Quercetin treatment obviously lowered the protein expressions of HMGB1, NF-κB (P<0.05), RAGE (P<0.01) and (P<0.05) and increased the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 in the rat models (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Quercetin improves pulmonary hypertension in rats possibly by promoting apoptosis through the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 宁宁 张
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院心脑血管病研究中心, 生理学教研室, 安徽 蚌埠 233000Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Teaching and Research Section of Physiology, Benbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 奇 邱
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院心脑血管病研究中心, 生理学教研室, 安徽 蚌埠 233000Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Teaching and Research Section of Physiology, Benbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 永锋 陈
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院心脑血管病研究中心, 生理学教研室, 安徽 蚌埠 233000Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Teaching and Research Section of Physiology, Benbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 正宇 孙
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院心脑血管病研究中心, 生理学教研室, 安徽 蚌埠 233000Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Teaching and Research Section of Physiology, Benbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 国庆 卢
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院心脑血管病研究中心, 生理学教研室, 安徽 蚌埠 233000Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Teaching and Research Section of Physiology, Benbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 磊 王
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院心脑血管病研究中心, 生理学教研室, 安徽 蚌埠 233000Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Teaching and Research Section of Physiology, Benbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 品方 康
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院心脑血管病研究中心, 生理学教研室, 安徽 蚌埠 233000Research Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Teaching and Research Section of Physiology, Benbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 洪巨 王
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院心血管内科, 安徽 蚌埠 233000The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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Wang LJ, Feng F, Li JC, Chen TT, Liu LP. Role of heparanase in pulmonary hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1202676. [PMID: 37637421 PMCID: PMC10450954 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1202676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological condition of increased pulmonary circulation vascular resistance due to various reasons, which mainly leads to right heart dysfunction and even death, especially in critically ill patients. Although drug interventions have shown some efficacy in improving the hemodynamics of PH patients, the mortality rate remains high. Hence, the identification of new targets and treatment strategies for PH is imperative. Heparanase (HPA) is an enzyme that specifically cleaves the heparan sulfate (HS) side chains in the extracellular matrix, playing critical roles in inflammation and tumorigenesis. Recent studies have indicated a close association between HPA and PH, suggesting HPA as a potential therapeutic target. This review examines the involvement of HPA in PH pathogenesis, including its effects on endothelial cells, inflammation, and coagulation. Furthermore, HPA may serve as a biomarker for diagnosing PH, and the development of HPA inhibitors holds promise as a targeted therapy for PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Jun Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fei Feng
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jian-Chun Li
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Departments of Emergency Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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8
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Li K, Ma L, Lu Z, Yan L, Chen W, Wang B, Xu H, Asemi Z. Apoptosis and heart failure: The role of non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154669. [PMID: 37422971 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a condition that affects the cardio vascular system and occurs if the heart cannot adequately pump the oxygen and blood to the body. Myocardial infarction, reperfusion injury, and this disease is the only a few examples of the numerous cardiovascular illnesses that are impacted by the closely controlled cell deletion process known as apoptosis. Attention has been paid to the creation of alternative diagnostic and treatment modalities for the condition. Recent evidences have shown that some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) influence the stability of proteins, control of transcription factors, and HF apoptosis through a variety of methods. Exosomes make a significant paracrine contribution to the regulation of illnesses as well as to the communication between nearby and distant organs. However, it has not yet been determined whether exosomes regulate the cardiomyocyte-tumor cell interaction in ischemia HF to limit the vulnerability of malignancy to ferroptosis. Here, we list the numerous ncRNAs in HF that are connected to apoptosis. In addition, we emphasize the significance of exosomal ncRNAs in the HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketao Li
- Department of cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- Hangzhou Heyunjia Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhe'jiang 310000, China
| | - Laixing Yan
- Department of cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiulongpo First People's Hospital, Chongqing 400051, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of cardiology, Zouping People's Hospital, Zouping, Shandong 256299, China
| | - Huiju Xu
- Department of cardiology, Hangzhou Mingzhou Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhe'jiang 311215, China.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Mackinnon AC, Tonev D, Jacoby B, Pinzani M, Slack RJ. Galectin-3: therapeutic targeting in liver disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:779-791. [PMID: 37705214 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2258280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rising incidence of liver diseases is a worldwide healthcare concern. However, the therapeutic options to manage chronic inflammation and fibrosis, the processes at the basis of morbidity and mortality of liver diseases, are very limited. Galectin 3 (Gal-3) is a protein implicated in fibrosis in multiple organs. Several Gal-3 inhibitors are currently in clinical development. AREAS COVERED This review describes our current understanding of the role of Gal-3 in chronic liver diseases, with special emphasis on fibrosis. Also, we review therapeutic advances based on Gal-3 inhibition, describing drug properties and their current status in clinical research. EXPERT OPINION Currently, the known effects of Gal-3 point to a direct activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome leading to its activation in liver macrophages and activated macrophages play a key role in tissue fibrogenesis. However, more research is needed to elucidate the role of Gal-3 in the different activation pathways, dissecting the intracellular and extracellular mechanisms of Gal-3, and its role in pathogenesis. Gal-3 could be a target for early therapy of numerous hepatic diseases and, given the lack of therapeutic options for liver fibrosis, there is a strong pharmacologic potential for Gal-3-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitar Tonev
- Galecto Biotech AB, Cobis Science Park, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brian Jacoby
- Galecto Biotech AB, Cobis Science Park, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Massimo Pinzani
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert J Slack
- Galecto Biotech AB, Cobis Science Park, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Luo H, Zhao L, Ou Z, Li T, Liu Y, Yu Z. Novel lncRNA LNC_000113 Drives the Activation of Pulmonary Adventitial Fibroblasts through Modulating PTEN/Akt/FoxO1 Pathway. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:262. [PMID: 37367427 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10060262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) is one of the key components of pulmonary arterial remodelling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs may play fibrotic roles in a range of diseases. In this present study, we identified a novel lncRNA, LNC_000113, in pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) and characterised its role in the Galectin-3-induced activation of PAFs in rats. Galectin-3 led to elevated expression of lncRNA LNC_000113 in PAFs. The expression of this lncRNA was primarily PAF enriched. A progressive increase in lncRNA LNC_000113 expression was observed in rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats. Knockdown of lncRNA LNC_000113 cancelled the Galectin-3's fibroproliferative effect on PAFs and prevented the transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. The loss-of-function study demonstrated that lncRNA LNC_000113 activated PAFs through the PTEN/Akt/FoxO1 pathway. These results propose lncRNA LNC_000113 drives the activation of PAFs and promotes fibroblast phenotypic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Changsha (Xiangya Medical College Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Central South University), Changsha 410005, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ziwei Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tangzhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yanghong Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zaixin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Sun H, Liu F, Lin Z, Jiang Z, Wen X, Xu J, Zhang Z, Ma R. Silencing of NOTCH3 Signaling in Meniscus Smooth Muscle Cells Inhibits Fibrosis and Exacerbates Degeneration in a HEYL-Dependent Manner. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207020. [PMID: 37026620 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of meniscus fibrosis and novel ways to enhance fibrosis is unclear. This work reveals human meniscus fibrosis initiated at E24 weeks. Smooth muscle cell cluster is identified in embryonic meniscus, and the combined analysis with previous data suggests smooth muscle cell in embryonic meniscus as precursors of progenitor cells in the mature meniscus. NOTCH3 is constantly expressed in smooth muscle cells throughout embryogenesis to adulthood. Inhibition of NOTCH3 signaling in vivo inhibits meniscus fibrosis and exacerbates degeneration. Continuous histological sections show that HEYL, NOTCH3 downstream target gene, is expressed consistently with NOTCH3. HEYL knockdown in meniscus cells attenuated the COL1A1 upregulation by CTGF and TGF-β stimulation. Thus, this study discovers the existence of smooth muscle cells and fibers in the meniscus. Inhibition of NOTCH3 signaling in meniscus smooth muscle cells in a HEYL-dependent manner prevented meniscus fibrosis and exacerbated degeneration. Therefore, NOTCH3/HEYL signaling might be a potential therapeutic target for meniscus fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Fangzhou Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Zhencan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Zongrui Jiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xingzhao Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ruofan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
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12
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Wang Z, Du K, Jin N, Tang B, Zhang W. Macrophage in liver Fibrosis: Identities and mechanisms. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110357. [PMID: 37224653 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a chronic disease characterized by the deposition of extracellular matrix and continuous loss of tissues that perform liver functions. Macrophages are crucial modulators of innate immunity and play important roles in liver fibrogenesis. Macrophages comprise heterogeneous subpopulations that exhibit different cellular functions. Understanding the identity and function of these cells is essential for understanding the mechanisms of liver fibrogenesis. According to different definitions, liver macrophages are divided into M1/M2 macrophages or monocyte-derived macrophages/Kupffer cells. Classic M1/M2 phenotyping corresponds to pro- or anti-inflammatory effects, and, therefore, influences the degree of fibrosis in later phases. In contrast, the origin of the macrophages is closely associated with their replenishment and activation during liver fibrosis. These two classifications of macrophages depict the function and dynamics of liver-infiltrating macrophages. However, neither description properly elucidates the positive or negative role of macrophages in liver fibrosis. Critical tissue cells mediating liver fibrosis include hepatic stellate cells and hepatic fibroblasts, with hepatic stellate cells being of particular interest because of their close association with macrophages in liver fibrosis. However, the molecular biological descriptions of macrophages are inconsistent between mice and humans, warranting further investigations. In liver fibrosis, macrophages can secrete various pro-fibrotic cytokines, such as TGF-β, Galectin-3 and interleukins (ILs), and fibrosis-inhibiting cytokines, such as IL10. These different secretions may be associated with the specific identity and spatiotemporal characteristics of macrophages. Furthermore, during fibrosis dissipation, macrophages may degrade extracellular matrix by secreting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Notably, using macrophages as therapeutic targets in liver fibrosis has been explored. The current therapeutic approaches for liver fibrosis can by categorized as follows: treatment with macrophage-related molecules and macrophage infusion therapy. Although there have been limited studies, macrophages have shown reliable potential for liver fibrosis treatment. In this review, we focu on the identity and function of macrophages and their relationship to the progression and regression of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine Center, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kailei Du
- Dongyang Peoples hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nake Jin
- Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Biao Tang
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- Department of Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
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Huang PY, Huang CS, Lin YL, Chen YH, Hung SC, Tsai JP, Hsu BG. Positive Association of Serum Galectin-3 with the Development of Aortic Stiffness of Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103519. [PMID: 37240626 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel cardiovascular stress biomarker known as galectin-3 might be useful for anticipating adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The objective of the current investigation was to assess the association between serum galectin-3 levels and aortic stiffness (AS) in 196 patients on peritoneal dialysis. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent examination and a cuff-based volumetric displacement were employed to determine the levels of serum galectin-3 and the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), respectively. The AS group had 48 patients in total (24.5%) with cfPWV greater than 10 m/s. The AS group, when compared with the group without AS, had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in addition to greater fasting glucose levels, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and serum galectin-3 levels. Multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis demonstrated that serum glactin-3 levels, in addition to gender and age, were significantly and independently associated with cfPWV and AS. Serum galectin-3 levels were linked with AS, according to a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, with an area under the curve of 0.648 (95% confidence interval, 0.576-0.714; p = 0.0018). In summary, there was a significant correlation between serum galectin-3 levels and cfPWV in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis therapy for end-stage kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sen Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Lin
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Chen
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chun Hung
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 23142, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
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Xu J, Yin D, Zhang W, Xu Y. The role and mechanism of FTO in pulmonary vessels. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37154010 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2209413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) is the main factor of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The pathological characteristics of PVR are vascular smooth muscle hyperplasia, hypertrophy, and extensive damage. In vivo experiments, the expression of FTO in PH rat lung tissues of different rat models of hypoxia PH was observed by immunohistochemical method. mRNA microarray analysis was used to analyze the differential expressed genes in rat lung tissues. In vitro experiments, we developed models of overexpression and knockdown of FTO to study the effect of FTO protein expression on cell apoptotic, cell cycle, and the abundance of m6A. The expression of FTO was increased in PH rats. FTO knockdown can inhibit the proliferation of PASMCs, thereby regulating the cell cycle and reducing the expression of Cyclin D1 and the abundance of m6A, while overexpression of FTO leads to increased expression of Cyclin D1 and the abundance of m6A. FTO destroys the stability of Cyclin D1 by regulating the abundance of Cyclin D1 m6A, causing cell cycle arrest and inducing cell proliferation, thus inducing the occurrence and development of PVR in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Department of endocrinology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Padgett CA, Bátori RK, Speese AC, Rosewater CL, Bush WB, Derella CC, Haigh SB, Sellers HG, Corley ZL, West MA, Mintz JD, Ange BB, Harris RA, Brands MW, Fulton DJR, Stepp DW. Galectin-3 Mediates Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity by Regulating NADPH Oxidase 1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.19.537592. [PMID: 37131826 PMCID: PMC10153253 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.537592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) through mechanisms that remain incompletely defined. Metabolic dysfunction, especially hyperglycemia, is thought to be a major contributor but how glucose impacts vascular function is unclear. Galectin-3 (GAL3) is a sugar binding lectin upregulated by hyperglycemia but its role as a causative mechanism of CVD remains poorly understood. Objective To determine the role of GAL3 in regulating microvascular endothelial vasodilation in obesity. Methods and Results GAL3 was markedly increased in the plasma of overweight and obese patients, as well as in the microvascular endothelium of diabetic patients. To investigate a role for GAL3 in CVD, mice deficient in GAL3 were bred with obese db/db mice to generate lean, lean GAL3 knockout (KO), obese, and obese GAL3 KO genotypes. GAL3 KO did not alter body mass, adiposity, glycemia or lipidemia, but normalized elevated markers of reactive oxygen species (TBARS) in plasma. Obese mice exhibited profound endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, both of which were rescued by GAL3 deletion. Isolated microvascular endothelial cells (EC) from obese mice had increased NOX1 expression, which we have previously shown to contribute to increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, and NOX1 levels were normalized in EC from obese mice lacking GAL3. EC-specific GAL3 knockout mice made obese using a novel AAV-approach recapitulated whole-body knockout studies, confirming that endothelial GAL3 drives obesity-induced NOX1 overexpression and endothelial dysfunction. Improved metabolism through increased muscle mass, enhanced insulin signaling, or metformin treatment, decreased microvascular GAL3 and NOX1. GAL3 increased NOX1 promoter activity and this was dependent on GAL3 oligomerization. Conclusions Deletion of GAL3 normalizes microvascular endothelial function in obese db/db mice, likely through a NOX1-mediated mechanism. Pathological levels of GAL3 and in turn, NOX1, are amenable to improvements in metabolic status, presenting a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate pathological cardiovascular consequences of obesity.
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16
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He M, Tao K, Xiang M, Sun J. Hpgd affects the progression of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by regulating vascular remodeling. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:116. [PMID: 37055764 PMCID: PMC10103477 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02401-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a syndrome of abnormally elevated pulmonary artery pressure, and it is mostly caused by vasoconstriction and remodeling of the pulmonary artery induced by long-term chronic hypoxia. There is a high incidence of HPH, a short survival time of the patients, but currently no effective treatments. METHODS In this study, HPH-related single cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data were downloaded from the public database of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) for bioinformatics analysis in order to find out genes with important regulatory roles in the development of HPH. 523 key genes were identified through cell subpopulation identification and trajectory analysis of the downloaded scRNA-seq data, and 41 key genes were identified through weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) of the bulk RNA-seq data. Three key genes: Hpgd, Npr3 and Fbln2 were identified by taking intersection of the key genes obtained above, and Hpgd was finally selected for subsequent verification. The human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (hPAECs) were treated with hypoxia for different periods of time, and it was found that the expression of Hpgd decreased in hypoxia-treated hPAECs in a time-dependent manner. In order to further confirm whether Hpgd affects the occurrence and development of HPH, Hpgd was overexpressed in hPAECs. RESULTS Hpgd was confirmed to regulate the proliferation activity, apoptosis level, adhesiveness and angiogenesis ability of hypoxia-treated hPAECs through multiple experiments. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of Hpgd can improve the proliferation activity, reduce apoptosis, and enhance adhesion and angiogenesis in endothelial cells (ECs), thus promoting the occurrence and development of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Kelong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Min Xiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China.
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17
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Krzyżewska A, Baranowska-Kuczko M, Kasacka I, Kozłowska H. Cannabidiol inhibits lung proliferation in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114234. [PMID: 36634588 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a safe and well-tolerated plant-derived drug with anti-proliferative properties. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rapidly progressive and still incurable disease. CBD diminishes monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH, including reduced right ventricular systolic pressure, pulmonary vascular hypertrophy, and right ventricular remodeling. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of chronic administration of CBD (10 mg/kg once daily for 21 days) on selected remodeling parameters in the lung of MCT-induced PH rats. In MCT-induced PH, we found an increase in profibrotic parameters, e.g., transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), procollagen I, collagen I, C-propeptide, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and an increased number of mast cells. In our study, we observed that the TGF-β1, Gal-3, procollagen I, collagen I, C-propeptide, and mast cell levels in lung tissue were decreased after CBD administration to MCT-treated rats. In summary, CBD treatment has an anti-proliferative effect on MCT-induced PH. Given the beneficial multidirectional effects of CBD on PH, we believe that CBD can be used as an adjuvant PH therapy, but this argument needs to be confirmed by clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krzyżewska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Marta Baranowska-Kuczko
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Hanna Kozłowska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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18
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Paredes F, Williams HC, Suster I, Tejos M, Fuentealba R, Bogan B, Holden CM, San Martin A. Metabolic regulation of the proteasome under hypoxia by Poldip2 controls fibrotic signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 195:283-297. [PMID: 36596387 PMCID: PMC10268434 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The polymerase delta interacting protein 2 (Poldip2) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein required for oxidative metabolism. Under hypoxia, Poldip2 expression is repressed by an unknown mechanism. Therefore, low levels of Poldip2 are required to maintain glycolytic metabolism. The Cellular Communication Network Factor 2 (CCN2, Connective tissue growth factor, CTGF) is a profibrogenic molecule highly expressed in cancer and vascular inflammation in advanced atherosclerosis. Because CCN2 is upregulated under hypoxia and is associated with glycolytic metabolism, we hypothesize that Poldip2 downregulation is responsible for the upregulation of profibrotic signaling under hypoxia. Here, we report that Poldip2 is repressed under hypoxia by a mechanism that requires the activation of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 repressive complex (EZH2) downstream from the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2). Importantly, we found that Poldip2 repression is required for CCN2 expression downstream of metabolic inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-dependent stabilization of the serum response factor. Pharmacological or gene expression inhibition of CDK2 under hypoxia reverses Poldip2 downregulation, the inhibition of the UPS, and the expression of CCN2, collagen, and fibronectin. Thus, our findings connect cell cycle regulation and proteasome activity to mitochondrial function and fibrotic responses under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Paredes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Holly C Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Izabela Suster
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Macarena Tejos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Roberto Fuentealba
- Institute of Chemistry and Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Bethany Bogan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Claire M Holden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Alejandra San Martin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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19
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Malkmus K, Brosien M, Knoepp F, Schaffelhofer L, Grimminger F, Rummel C, Gudermann T, Dietrich A, Birnbaumer L, Weissmann N, Kraut S. Deletion of classical transient receptor potential 1, 3 and 6 alters pulmonary vasoconstriction in chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1080875. [PMID: 36569761 PMCID: PMC9768328 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1080875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) is a severe disease that is characterized by increased proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) leading to pulmonary vascular remodeling. The resulting increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) causes right ventricular hypertrophy and ultimately right heart failure. In addition, increased PVR can also be a consequence of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) under generalized hypoxia. Increased proliferation and migration of PASMCs are often associated with high intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Recent publications suggest that Ca2+-permeable nonselective classical transient receptor potential (TRPC) proteins-especially TRPC1 and 6-are crucially involved in acute and sustained hypoxic responses and the pathogenesis of CHPH. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the simultaneous deletion of TRPC proteins 1, 3 and 6 protects against CHPH-development and affects HPV in mice. We used a mouse model of chronic hypoxia as well as isolated, ventilated and perfused mouse lungs and PASMC cell cultures. Although right ventricular systolic pressure as well as echocardiographically assessed PVR and right ventricular wall thickness (RVWT) were lower in TRPC1, 3, 6-deficient mice, these changes were not related to a decreased degree of pulmonary vascular muscularization and a reduced proliferation of PASMCs. However, both acute and sustained HPV were almost absent in the TRPC1, 3, 6-deficient mice and their vasoconstrictor response upon KCl application was reduced. This was further validated by myographical experiments. Our data revealed that 1) TRPC1, 3, 6-deficient mice are partially protected against development of CHPH, 2) these changes may be caused by diminished HPV and not an altered pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Malkmus
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Monika Brosien
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fenja Knoepp
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lisa Schaffelhofer
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Rummel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the DZL, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- Walther Straub Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Member of the DZL, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, United States
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Kraut
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany,*Correspondence: Simone Kraut,
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20
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Alleviating experimental pulmonary hypertension via co-delivering FoxO1 stimulus and apoptosis activator to hyperproliferating pulmonary arteries. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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21
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Pinezich MR, Tamargo MA, Fleischer S, Reimer JA, Hudock MR, Hozain AE, Kaslow SR, Tipograf Y, Soni RK, Gavaudan OP, Guenthart BA, Marboe CC, Bacchetta M, O'Neill JD, Dorrello NV, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Pathological remodeling of distal lung matrix in end-stage cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros 2022; 21:1027-1035. [PMID: 35525782 PMCID: PMC10050894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manifestations of cystic fibrosis, although well-characterized in the proximal airways, are understudied in the distal lung. Characterization of the cystic fibrosis lung 'matrisome' (matrix proteome) has not been previously described, and could help identify biomarkers and inform therapeutic strategies. METHODS We performed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, gene ontology analysis, and multi-modal imaging, including histology, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy for a comprehensive evaluation of distal human lung extracellular matrix (matrix) structure and composition in end-stage cystic fibrosis. RESULTS Quantitative proteomic profiling identified sixty-eight (68) matrix constituents with significantly altered expression in end-stage cystic fibrosis. Over 90% of significantly different matrix peptides detected, including structural and basement membrane proteins, were expressed at lower levels in cystic fibrosis. However, the total abundance of matrix in cystic fibrosis lungs was not significantly different from control lungs, suggesting that cystic fibrosis leads to loss of diversity among lung matrix proteins rather than an absolute loss of matrix. Visualization of distal lung matrix via immunofluorescence and electron microscopy revealed pathological remodeling of distal lung tissue architecture and loss of alveolar basement membrane, consistent with significantly altered pathways identified by gene ontology analysis. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulation of matrix organization and aberrant wound healing pathways are associated with loss of matrix protein diversity and obliteration of distal lung tissue structure in end-stage cystic fibrosis. While many therapeutics aim to functionally restore defective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), drugs that target dysregulated matrix pathways may serve as adjunct interventions to support lung recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan R Pinezich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manuel A Tamargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan A Reimer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria R Hudock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed E Hozain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah R Kaslow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuliya Tipograf
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar Soni
- Proteomics and Macromolecular Crystallography Shared Resource, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olimpia P Gavaudan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandon A Guenthart
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charles C Marboe
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Bacchetta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John D O'Neill
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - N Valerio Dorrello
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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22
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Cao N, Aikeremu N, Shi WY, Tang XC, Gao RJ, Kong LJY, Zhang JR, Qin WJ, Zhang AM, Ma KT, Li L, Si JQ. Inhibition of KIR2.1 decreases pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:119. [PMID: 35856410 PMCID: PMC9354699 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of effective therapeutic drugs for pulmonary hypertension (PH) is critical. KIR2.1 plays crucial roles in regulating cell proliferation and migration, and vascular remodeling. However, researchers have not yet clearly determined whether KIR2.1 participates in the proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and its role in pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) also remains elusive. The present study aimed to examine whether KIR2.1 alters PASMC proliferation and migration, and participates in PVR, as well as to explore its mechanisms of action. For the in vivo experiment, a PH model was established by intraperitoneally injecting Sprague-Dawley rats monocrotaline (MCT). Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed evidence of PVR in the rats with PH. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis revealed increased levels of the KIR2.1, osteopontin (OPN) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) proteins in pulmonary blood vessels and lung tissues following exposure to MCT, and the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway was activated. For the in vitro experiments, the KIR2.1 inhibitor, ML133, or the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway blocker, SB431542, were used to pre-treat human PASMCs (HPASMCs) for 24 h, and the cells were then treated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB for 24 h. Scratch and Transwell assays revealed that PDGF-BB promoted cell proliferation and migration. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis demonstrated that PDGF-BB upregulated OPN and PCNA expression, and activated the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. ML133 reversed the proliferation and migration induced by PDGF-BB, inhibited the expression of OPN and PCNA, inhibited the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway, and reduced the proliferation and migration of HPASMCs. SB431542 pre-treatment also reduced cell proliferation and migration; however, it did not affect KIR2.1 expression. On the whole, the results of the present study demonstrate that KIR2.1 regulates the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway and the expression of OPN and PCNA proteins, thereby regulating the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and participating in PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cao
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Nigala Aikeremu
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Yan Shi
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Chun Tang
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Juan Gao
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Jing-Yuan Kong
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Rong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Qin
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Mei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Tao Ma
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Qiang Si
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
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23
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Santos-Gomes J, Gandra I, Adão R, Perros F, Brás-Silva C. An Overview of Circulating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Biomarkers. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:924873. [PMID: 35911521 PMCID: PMC9333554 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.924873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), also known as Group 1 Pulmonary Hypertension (PH), is a PH subset characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary arterial obstruction. PAH has an estimated incidence of 15-50 people per million in the United States and Europe, and is associated with high mortality and morbidity, with patients' survival time after diagnosis being only 2.8 years. According to current guidelines, right heart catheterization is the gold standard for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of PAH patients. However, this technique is highly invasive, so it is not used in routine clinical practice or patient follow-up. Thereby, it is essential to find new non-invasive strategies for evaluating disease progression. Biomarkers can be an effective solution for determining PAH patient prognosis and response to therapy, and aiding in diagnostic efforts, so long as their detection is non-invasive, easy, and objective. This review aims to clarify and describe some of the potential new candidates as circulating biomarkers of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Santos-Gomes
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Gandra
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Adão
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Frédéric Perros
- Paris-Porto Pulmonary Hypertension Collaborative Laboratory (3PH), UMR_S 999, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
- Université Paris–Saclay, AP-HP, INSERM UMR_S 999, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Carmen Brás-Silva
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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24
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Li J, Shen H, Owens GK, Guo LW. SREBP1 regulates Lgals3 activation in response to cholesterol loading. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:892-909. [PMID: 35694209 PMCID: PMC9168384 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant smooth muscle cell (SMC) plasticity is etiological to vascular diseases. Cholesterol induces SMC phenotypic transition featuring high LGALS3 (galectin-3) expression. This proatherogenic process is poorly understood for its molecular underpinnings, in particular, the mechanistic role of sterol regulatory-element binding protein-1 (SREBP1), a master regulator of lipid metabolism. Herein we show that cholesterol loading stimulated SREBP1 expression in mouse, rat, and human SMCs. SREBP1 positively regulated LGALS3 expression (and vice versa), whereas Krüppel-like factor-15 (KLF15) acted as a negative regulator. Both bound to the Lgals3 promoter, yet at discrete sites, as revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. SREBP1 and LGALS3 each abated KLF15 protein, and blocking the bromo/extraterminal domain-containing proteins (BETs) family of acetyl-histone readers abolished cholesterol-stimulated SREBP1/LGALS3 protein production. Furthermore, silencing bromodomain protein 2 (BRD2; but not other BETs) reduced SREBP1; endogenous BRD2 co-immunoprecipitated with SREBP1's transcription-active domain, its own promoter DNA, and that of L gals 3. Thus, results identify a previously uncharacterized cholesterol-responsive dyad-SREBP1 and LGALS3, constituting a feedforward circuit that can be blocked by BETs inhibition. This study provides new insights into SMC phenotypic transition and potential interventional targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Hongtao Shen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Gary K. Owens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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25
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Huang L, Li H, Huang S, Wang S, Liu Q, Luo L, Gan S, Fu G, Zou P, Chen G, Wu Z. Notopterol Attenuates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rat. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:859422. [PMID: 35722110 PMCID: PMC9203832 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.859422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current targeted pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) therapies have improved lung hemodynamics, cardiac function, and quality of life; however, none of these have reversed the ongoing remodeling of blood vessels. Considering notopterol, a linear furocoumarin extracted from the root of traditional Chinese medicine Qiang-Huo (Notopterygium incisum), had shown the antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties in previous studies, we hypothesized that it could play a role in ameliorating PAH. Methods In vivo, we conducted monocrotaline (MCT) induced PAH rats and treated them with notopterol for 3 weeks. Then, the rats were examined by echocardiography and RV catheterization. The heart and lung specimens were harvested for the detection of gross examination, histological examination and expression of inflammatory molecules. In vitro, human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were treated with notopterol after hypoxia; then, cell proliferation was assessed by cell counting kit-8 and Edu assay, and cell migration was detected by wound healing assays. Results We found that notopterol improved mortality rate and RV function while reducing right ventricular systolic pressure in MCT-induced PAH rats. Furthermore, notopterol reduced right ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, and it also eased pulmonary vascular remodeling and MCT-induced muscularization. In addition, notopterol attenuated the pro-inflammatory factor (IL-1β, IL-6) and PCNA in the lungs of PAH rats. For the cultured HPASMCs subjected to hypoxia, we found that notopterol can inhibit the proliferation and migration of HPASMCs. Conclusion Our studies show that notopterol exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects in the pulmonary arteries, which may contribute to prevention of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huayang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suiqing Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunjun Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangjiao Gan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangguo Fu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - PeiYun Zou
- GuangZhou Janus Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangxian Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guangxian Chen
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Zhongkai Wu
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26
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Inhibition of KIF23 Alleviates IPAH by Targeting Pyroptosis and Proliferation of PASMCs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084436. [PMID: 35457254 PMCID: PMC9032390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a progressive vascular disease with high mortality and heritability. Pyroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death, and it is closely associated with IPAH. However, the roles of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in IPAH are still largely unknown. In this study, we identified KIF23 as the most relevant gene for IPAH and pyroptosis, and its expression was significantly increased in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) of IPAH. Besides, the pyroptosis level of PASMCs was also considerably upregulated in IPAH. Knockdown of KIF23 in PASMCs could significantly suppress the PASMCs’ pyroptosis and proliferation and then alleviate the increase in pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary vascular resistance in IPAH. KIF23 regulated the expression of Caspase3, NLRP3, and HMGB1, and they were all involved in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways, indicating that PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways might participate in regulating PASMCs pyroptosis by KIF23. In conclusion, our study suggests that KIF23 may be a new therapeutic target for IPAH, which can alleviate the symptoms of IPAH by inhibiting the pyroptosis and proliferation of PASMCs.
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27
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Deng H, Tian X, Sun H, Liu H, Lu M, Wang H. Calpain-1 mediates vascular remodelling and fibrosis via HIF-1α in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2819-2830. [PMID: 35365973 PMCID: PMC9097838 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpain‐1, a calcium‐activated neutral cysteine proteases, has been reported to be involved in the formation of pulmonary hypertension. HIF‐1α, an oxygen‐sensitive transcription factor, has been reported to activate genes involved in cell proliferation and extracellular matrix recombination. This study was designed to investigate the effect of calpain‐1 in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) and to explore whether there is a relationship between calpain‐1 and HIF‐1α in this disease. In the hypoxia‐induced model of HPH, we found that hypoxia resulted in increased right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary vascular remodelling and collagen deposition in lung tissues of mice. The levels of calpain‐1 and HIF‐1α were up‐regulated in the lung tissues of hypoxia‐treated mice and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Knock‐out of calpain‐1 restrained haemodynamic and histological changes induced by chronic hypoxia in mice, and inhibition of calpain‐1 also repressed the abnormal proliferation and migration of PASMCs. Besides, knock‐out or inhibition of calpain‐1 suppressed hypoxia‐induced expression of HIF‐1α, VEGF, PCNA, TGF‐β1, MMP2 and collagen I in vivo and in vitro. While inhibition of HIF‐1α abolished the above effects of calpain‐1. Furthermore, we found that calpain‐1 mediates the expression of HIF‐1α through NF‐κB (P65) under hypoxia conditions. In conclusion, our results suggest that calpain‐1 plays a pivotal role in hypoxia‐induced pulmonary vascular remodelling and fibrosis through HIF‐1α, providing a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hening Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Meili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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28
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Chai T, Qiu C, Xian Z, Lu Y, Zeng Y, Li J. A narrative review of research advances in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:230. [PMID: 35280399 PMCID: PMC8908157 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a pathological syndrome characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling caused by hypoxia, which eventually leads to right heart failure or death. There are 2 stages of onset of HPH: hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling (HPVR). It is an important pathophysiological link in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic mountain sickness (CMS), and its severity is closely related to the course and prognosis of COPD and CMS. However, there is a lack of systematic review on the diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of HPH. The objective of this paper is to review the diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment of HPH. Methods In this paper, the method of literature review is adopted to obtain the information about HPH. Based on the literature, comprehensive and systematic review is made. The diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment of HPH are summarized. Key Content and Findings Right heart catheterization is the gold standard for diagnosing HPH. Hypoxia-inducible factor, oxidative stress, metal metabolism, ion channel, inflammatory cytokines, cell apoptosis and vascular factors are the main pathogenesis of HPH. The treatment of HPH includes long-term oxygen therapy, statins, prostaglandins, phosphodiesterase inhibitor and ET receptor antagonists. Conclusions Although great progress has been made in the pathophysiology and molecular biology of HPH, it is still unclear which factors play a leading role in the pathogenesis of HPH, and no breakthrough has been made in the treatment of HPH. It is believed that the specific mechanism will be revealed as the research continues, and earlier diagnosis and the development of more effective targeted drugs will be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Chai
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihong Xian
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongzhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
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Lewicka-Potocka Z, Kaleta-Duss AM, Lewicka E, Kubik M, Faran A, Szymeczko P, Gała Ska R, Raczak G, Da Browska-Kugacka A. Post-marathon Decline in Right Ventricular Radial Motion Component Among Amateur Sportsmen. Front Physiol 2022; 12:811764. [PMID: 35082697 PMCID: PMC8784683 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.811764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moderate physical activity has a positive impact on health, although extreme forms of sport such as marathon running may trigger exercise-induced cardiac fatigue. The explicit distinction between the right ventricular (RV) physiological response to training and maladaptive remodeling has not yet been determined. In this study, we aimed to analyze the impact of running a marathon on RV mechanics in amateur athletes using three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography (ECHO) and the ReVISION method (RV separate wall motion quantification). A group of 34 men with a mean age of 40 ± 8 years who successfully finished a marathon underwent ECHO three times, i.e., 2 weeks before the marathon (stage I), at the marathon finish line (stage II), and 2 weeks after the marathon (stage III). The ECHO findings were then correlated with the concentrations of biomarkers related to myocardial injury and overload and also obtained at the three stages. On finishing the marathon, the amateur athletes were found to have a significant (p < 0.05) increase in end-diastolic (with a median of 51.4 vs. 57.0 ml/m2) and end-systolic (with a median of 24.9 vs. 31.5 ml/m2) RV volumes indexed to body surface area, reduced RV ejection fraction (RVEF) (with a median of 51.0% vs. 46.0%), and a decrease in RV radial shortening [i.e., radial EF (REF)] (with a mean of 23.0 ± 4.5% vs. 19.3 ± 4.2%), with other RV motion components remaining unchanged. The post-competition decrease in REF was more evident in runners with larger total volume of trainings (R2 = 0.4776, p = 0.0002) and higher concentrations of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (r = 0.43, p < 0.05) during the preparation period. The decrease in REF was more prominent in the training of marathoners more than 47 km/week. At stage II, marathoners with a more marked decrease in RVEF and REF had higher galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels (r = −0.48 and r = −0.39, respectively; p < 0.05). Running a marathon significantly altered the RV performance of amateur athletes. Transient impairment in RV systolic function resulted from decreased radial shortening, which appeared in those who trained more extensively. Observed ECHO changes correlated with the concentrations of the profibrotic marker Gal-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Lewicka-Potocka
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.,First Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Lewicka
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marcin Kubik
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Faran
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Szymeczko
- First Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Gała Ska
- First Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Raczak
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Da Browska-Kugacka
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Gao X. The Application of Single-Cell Technologies in Cardiovascular Research. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751371. [PMID: 34708045 PMCID: PMC8542723 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deaths in the world. The intricacies of the cellular composition and tissue microenvironment in heart and vasculature complicate the dissection of molecular mechanisms of CVDs. Over the past decade, the rapid development of single-cell omics technologies generated vast quantities of information at various biological levels, which have shed light on the cellular and molecular dynamics in cardiovascular development, homeostasis and diseases. Here, we summarize the latest single-cell omics techniques, and show how they have facilitated our understanding of cardiovascular biology. We also briefly discuss the clinical value and future outlook of single-cell applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Chen
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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31
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Chakraborty R, Chatterjee P, Dave JM, Ostriker AC, Greif DM, Rzucidlo EM, Martin KA. Targeting smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching in vascular disease. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:79-94. [PMID: 34617061 PMCID: PMC8489222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The phenotypic plasticity of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is central to vessel growth and remodeling, but also contributes to cardiovascular pathologies. New technologies including fate mapping, single cell transcriptomics, and genetic and pharmacologic inhibitors have provided fundamental new insights into the biology of VSMC. The goal of this review is to summarize the mechanisms underlying VSMC phenotypic modulation and how these might be targeted for therapeutic benefit. Methods We summarize findings from extensive literature searches to highlight recent discoveries in the mechanisms underlying VSMC phenotypic switching with particular relevance to intimal hyperplasia. PubMed was searched for publications between January 2001 and December 2020. Search terms included VSMCs, restenosis, intimal hyperplasia, phenotypic switching or modulation, and drug-eluting stents. We sought to highlight druggable pathways as well as recent landmark studies in phenotypic modulation. Results Lineage tracing methods have determined that a small number of mature VSMCs dedifferentiate to give rise to oligoclonal lesions in intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis and aneurysm, single cell transcriptomics reveal a striking diversity of phenotypes that can arise from these VSMCs. Mechanistic studies continue to identify new pathways that influence VSMC phenotypic plasticity. We review the mechanisms by which the current drug-eluting stent agents prevent restenosis and note remaining challenges in peripheral and diabetic revascularization for which new approaches would be beneficial. We summarize findings on new epigenetic (DNA methylation/TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 2, histone deacetylation, bromodomain proteins), transcriptional (Hippo/Yes-associated protein, peroxisome proliferator-activity receptor-gamma, Notch), and β3-integrin-mediated mechanisms that influence VSMC phenotypic modulation. Pharmacologic and genetic targeting of these pathways with agents including ascorbic acid, histone deacetylase or bromodomain inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, and integrin inhibitors suggests potential therapeutic value in the setting of intimal hyperplasia. Conclusions Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the remarkable plasticity of VSMCs may lead to novel approaches to treat and prevent cardiovascular disease and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chakraborty
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Payel Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Jui M Dave
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Allison C Ostriker
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Daniel M Greif
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Eva M Rzucidlo
- Department Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, McLeod Regional Medical Center, Florence, SC
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
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Li M, Qi C, Song R, Xiong C, Zhong X, Song Z, Ning Z, Song X. Inhibition of Long Noncoding RNA SNHG20 Improves Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis and Hypertrophy by Regulating the MicroRNA 335/ Galectin-3 Axis. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 41:e0058020. [PMID: 34228494 PMCID: PMC8384070 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00580-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a hallmark of various heart diseases and ultimately leads to heart failure. Although long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG20 has been reported to play important roles in various cancers, its function in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. The expression of SNHG20 and microRNA 335 (miR-335) in heart tissues of angiotensin II-induced mice and angiotensin II-stimulated mouse cardiomyocyte cell line HL-1 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell viability was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay. The expression of galectin-3, fibrosis-related proteins (fibronectin, collagen IaI, and α-SMA), and apoptosis-related proteins [cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)] was detected by Western blotting. Bioinformatics prediction, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA pulldown assay were performed to determine the relationship between SNHG20 and miR-335 as well as miR-335 and Galectin-3. Gain- and loss-function assays were performed to determine the role of SNHG20/miR-335/Galectin-3 in cardiac fibrosis. SNHG20 was significantly upregulated and miR-335 was downregulated in heart tissues of angiotensin II-treated mice and angiotensin II-stimulated HL-1 cells. Downregulation of SNHG20 effectively enhanced cell viability and decreased cell size of HL-1 cells and the expression levels of fibrosis-related proteins (fibronectin, collagen IaI, and α-SMA) and apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP), which were induced by angiotensin II treatment. Furthermore, SNHG20 elevated the expression levels of Galectin-3 by directly regulating miR-335. Our study revealed that downregulation of SNHG20 improved angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting the miR-335/Galectin-3 axis, suggesting that SNHG20 is a therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunli Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Renxing Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunming Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ziguang Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongping Ning
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Lopez-Crisosto C, Arias-Carrasco R, Sepulveda P, Garrido-Olivares L, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Verdejo HE, Castro PF, Lavandero S. Novel molecular insights and public omics data in pulmonary hypertension. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166200. [PMID: 34144090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease with high morbidity and mortality which mainly affects women of reproductive age. Despite recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, the high heterogeneity in the presentation of the disease among different patients makes it difficult to make an accurate diagnosis and to apply this knowledge to effective treatments. Therefore, new studies are required to focus on translational and personalized medicine to overcome the lack of specificity and efficacy of current management. Here, we review the majority of public databases storing 'omics' data of pulmonary hypertension studies, from animal models to human patients. Moreover, we review some of the new molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, including non-coding RNAs and the application of 'omics' data to understand this pathology, hoping that these new approaches will provide insights to guide the way to personalized diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Lopez-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Raul Arias-Carrasco
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Pablo Sepulveda
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Garrido-Olivares
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Hugo E Verdejo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
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Gao Z, Yu F, Jia H, Ye Z, Yao S. FK506-binding protein 5 promotes the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211008325. [PMID: 33906532 PMCID: PMC8108082 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211008325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To detect the expression of FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) in human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues, and explore its possible role in the progression of PTC. Methods FKBP5 expression levels were assessed in 115 PTC tissues and corresponding normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. We also examined the correlations between FKBP5 expression and clinicopathological factors and survival in 75 patients with PTC. The effects of FKBP5 on the proliferation and apoptosis of PTC cells were detected by colony-formation, MTT, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. We further investigated the effects of FKBP5 on tumor growth in mice. Results We revealed high expression levels of FKBP5 in human PTC tissues compared with normal tissues. Furthermore, high FKBP5 expression was associated with an increased incidence of intraglandular dissemination, and lower overall and progression-free survival. FKBP5 depletion remarkably suppressed the proliferation and induced apoptosis of PTC cells in vitro. FKBP5 further contributed to the growth of PTC tumors in mice. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated the potential involvement of FKBP5 in the progression of PTC, and confirmed FKBP5 as a novel therapeutic target for PTC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Gao
- School of Medicine, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China
| | - Fang Yu
- School of Medicine, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China
| | - Huanxia Jia
- School of Medicine, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China
| | - Zhuo Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shijie Yao
- Department of Urology in Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Sedlář A, Trávníčková M, Bojarová P, Vlachová M, Slámová K, Křen V, Bačáková L. Interaction between Galectin-3 and Integrins Mediates Cell-Matrix Adhesion in Endothelial Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105144. [PMID: 34067978 PMCID: PMC8152275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding protein that influences various cell functions, including cell adhesion. We focused on the role of Gal-3 as an extracellular ligand mediating cell-matrix adhesion. We used human adipose tissue-derived stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells that are promising for vascular tissue engineering. We found that these cells naturally contained Gal-3 on their surface and inside the cells. Moreover, they were able to associate with exogenous Gal-3 added to the culture medium. This association was reduced with a β-galactoside LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ1,4GlcNAc), a selective ligand of Gal-3, which binds to the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) in the Gal-3 molecule. This ligand was also able to detach Gal-3 newly associated with cells but not Gal-3 naturally present on cells. In addition, Gal-3 preadsorbed on plastic surfaces acted as an adhesion ligand for both cell types, and the cell adhesion was resistant to blocking with LacdiNAc. This result suggests that the adhesion was mediated by a binding site different from the CRD. The blocking of integrin adhesion receptors on cells with specific antibodies revealed that the cell adhesion to the preadsorbed Gal-3 was mediated, at least partially, by β1 and αV integrins-namely α5β1, αVβ3, and αVβ1 integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Sedlář
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Trávníčková
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (K.S.); (V.K.)
- Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Nám. Sítná, CZ 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (L.B.); Tel.: +420-296442360 (P.B.); +420-296443743 (L.B.)
| | - Miluše Vlachová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (K.S.); (V.K.)
| | - Kristýna Slámová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (K.S.); (V.K.)
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (K.S.); (V.K.)
| | - Lucie Bačáková
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (L.B.); Tel.: +420-296442360 (P.B.); +420-296443743 (L.B.)
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Cunha EGC, de Lima CAD, Vilar KDM, Nóbrega MFD, Almeida ARD, Pereira MC, Dantas AT, Gonçalves RSG, Rêgo MJBDM, Duarte ALBP, Pitta MGDR. Genetic variants in LGALS3 are related to lower galectin-3 serum levels and clinical outcomes in systemic sclerosis patients: A case-control study. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:187-194. [PMID: 33973825 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1919881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare complex disease characterized by vascular damage, autoimmunity, and extensive skin and internal organs fibrosis. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is encoded by gene LGALS3 (Lectin, Galactoside-Binding, Soluble, 3; 14q22.3) and it has been reported to play a central role in self-tolerance, inflammation, and fibrosis. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations among LGALS3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and serum levels Gal-3 and SSc susceptibility and their clinical features. METHODS A case-control study with 88 patients and 151 matched controls was performed. LGALS3 variants were analyzed by the TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system whereas Gal-3 serum levels were measured by sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Associations among genotypes, clinical features, and Gal-3 levels were performed by univariable and multivariable analysis through statistical packages. RESULTS The LGALS3 rs4652 A/C genotype was more frequent in SSc patients than controls according to overdominant model [OR 1.89 (CI 95% 1.01 - 3.52); p = .046]. Also, LGALS3 rs4652 C/C polymorphic genotype was associated with lower patient Gal-3 levels (p = .03) and control group (p = 0.005), as noted by generalized linear model (GLM). The LGALS3 rs1009977 G/T controls showed higher Gal-3 levels than wild-type and polymorphic genotypes (p = .03); however, in SSc patients, no difference was found. None of the LGALS3 SNPs or Gal-3 levels was associated with clinical manifestations in SSc patients. Considering only the SSc group, GLM analysis pointed LGALS3 rs4652 and rs2075601, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), myopathy, and health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) and scleroderma health assessment questionnaire (SHAQ) as important predictors for Gal-3 levels. CONCLUSION The LGALS3 rs4652 A/C was more frequent in SSc patients and related to lower Gal-3 levels. These findings were corroborated through a GLM to estimate Gal-3 values. Also, by model equations, Gal-3 levels may be predicted by HAQ, SHAQ, PAH, myopathy, and LGALS3 rs4652 and rs2075601 factors. In these ways, we suggest that galectins may be promising biomarkers to identify susceptibility to SSc as well as to identify HAQ, SHAQ, PAH, and myopathy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eudes Gustavo Constantino Cunha
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas (LINAT), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica - Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Kamila de Melo Vilar
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas (LINAT), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica - Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas (LINAT), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica - Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Michelly Cristiny Pereira
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas (LINAT), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica - Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Andréa Tavares Dantas
- Departmento de Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (HC-UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas (LINAT), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica - Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas (LINAT), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica - Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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Stacey RB, Hundley WG. Integrating Measures of Myocardial Fibrosis in the Transition from Hypertensive Heart Disease to Heart Failure. Curr Hypertens Rep 2021; 23:22. [PMID: 33881630 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-021-01135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize recent developments in identifying and quantifying both the presence and amount of myocardial fibrosis by imaging and biomarkers. Further, this review seeks to describe in general ways how this information may be used to identify hypertension and the transition to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging highlight the progressive nature of fibrosis from normal individuals to those with hypertension to those with clinical heart failure. However, separating hypertensive patients from those with heart failure remains challenging. Recent studies involving echocardiography show the subclinical myocardial strain changes between hypertensive heart disease and heart failure. Lastly, recent studies highlight the potential use of biomarkers to identify those with hypertension at the greatest risk of developing heart failure. In light of the heterogeneous nature between hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, an integrated approach with cardiac imaging and biomarker analysis may enable clinicians and investigators to more accurately characterize, prevent, and treat heart failure in those with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brandon Stacey
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Watlington Hall, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1045, USA.
| | - W Gregory Hundley
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Watlington Hall, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1045, USA.,Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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Ruan L, Yao X, Li W, Zhang L, Yang H, Sun J, Li A. Effect of galectin-3 in the pathogenesis of arteriovenous fistula stenosis formation. Ren Fail 2021; 43:566-576. [PMID: 33757402 PMCID: PMC7993384 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2021.1902822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study sought to investigate the effect of local expression of galectin-3 in the development of stenotic arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Methods We collected stenotic venous tissues, adjacent nonstenotic venous tissues, and blood samples from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with AVF stenosis, while normal venous tissues and blood samples were collected from ESRD patients before AVF creation as controls. Also blood samples were collected from ESRD patients with nonstenosis functional AVF. Galectin-3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and α-SMA expression in the venous tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry, and the ERK1/2 pathway activity in the intima was accessed by western blot. Serum galectin-3 level was measured by ELISA. Thereafter, human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were cultured in vitro, and the interaction between Galectin-3 and ERK1/2 pathway in HPASMCs was estimated by western blot. Results ESRD patients with stenotic AVF had a significant higher serum galectin-3 level than normal controls, and patients with non-stenotic functional AVF. The expression levels of galectin-3, phosphorylated ERK1/2, PCNA, MMP-9, and α-SMA in the stenotic venous tissues were higher than that in the normal venous tissues or the adjacent nonstenotic AVF venous tissues. Correlation analysis showed that the expression of galectin-3 of the neointima was positively correlated with PCNA and α-SMA in the stenotic AVF venous tissues. In HPASMCs, galectin-3 can increase the activity of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and promote the expression of α-SMA. Conclusion In the stenotic AVF of ESRD patients, expression of the galectin-3 was significantly increased, showing a positive relation with neointima development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ruan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Hebei key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Nephrology Department, Hebei Medical University First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- Surgery Department, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang
| | - Wen Li
- Nephrology Department, Hebei Medical University First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Nephrology Department, Hebei Medical University First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Hebei key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiahuan Sun
- Hebei key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Aiying Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Hebei key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Cao N, Tang X, Gao R, Kong L, Zhang J, Qin W, Hu N, Zhang A, Ma K, Li L, Si JQ. Galectin-3 participates in PASMC migration and proliferation by interacting with TGF-β1. Life Sci 2021; 274:119347. [PMID: 33716065 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodelling is one of the most important factors for pulmonary hypertension (PH). Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin. In the latest literature, Gal-3 has been reported to be involved in pulmonary vascular remodelling, and its underlying mechanism is unclear. Our research aims to prove the effect of Gal-3 on the proliferation and migration of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMC) induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and to study its mechanism. In vivo experiment: In Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, monocrotaline was injected intraperitoneally to establish a PH model, and the Gal-3 inhibitor (modified citrus pectin, MCP) 28 Ds was administered in the stomach. The results indicate that Gal-3 and TGF-β1 may be involved in the occurrence and development of PH, which may be related to the Smad2/3 signalling pathway. In vitro experiment: Human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were pretreated with the Gal-3 inhibitor (MCP) for 24 h, then TGF-β1 or Gal-3 was administered to the cells for 24 h. The results show that exogenous TGF-β1 and Gal-3 can activate the downstream Smad2/3 signalling pathway, and increase the proliferation and migration ability of HPASMC. However, the Gal-3 inhibitor (MCP) inhibited these effects. Further results display that TGF-β1 and Gal-3 could mutually regulate the protein and mRNA expression levels. In summary, the results of this study indicate that Gal-3 regulates the Smad2/3 signalling pathway through protein interaction with TGF-β1, in turn regulates the proliferation and migration of HPASMC, thereby regulating the occurrence and development of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cao
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Xuechun Tang
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Burns department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - RuiJuan Gao
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Liangjingyuan Kong
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Jingrong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Wenjuan Qin
- Department of Ultrasound Room, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Na Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Aimei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Ketao Ma
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Physiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Jun-Qiang Si
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi 832002, China; The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi 832002, China; Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Physiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Chen XJ, Li K, Xu L, Yu YJ, Wu B, He YL, Zhao WE, Li D, Luan CX, Hu L, Wang J, Ding JJ, Yu YF, Li JX, Tan ZM, Liu XF, Wei D, Zhang ZH, Guo XJ, Su C, Hu ZB, Guo YS, Chen JY, Chen F. Novel insight from the first lung transplant of a COVID-19 patient. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13443. [PMID: 33131070 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reveal detailed histopathological changes, virus distributions, immunologic properties and multi-omic features caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the explanted lungs from the world's first successful lung transplantation of a COVID-19 patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 36 samples were collected from the lungs. Histopathological features and virus distribution were observed by optical microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Immune cells were detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Transcriptome and proteome approaches were used to investigate main biological processes involved in COVID-19-associated pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS The histopathological changes of the lung tissues were characterized by extensive pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and haemorrhage. Viral particles were observed in the cytoplasm of macrophages. CD3+ CD4- T cells, neutrophils, NK cells, γ/δ T cells and monocytes, but not B cells, were abundant in the lungs. Higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines iNOS, IL-1β and IL-6 were in the area of mild fibrosis. Multi-omics analyses revealed a total of 126 out of 20,356 significant different transcription and 114 out of 8,493 protein expression in lung samples with mild and severe fibrosis, most of which were related to fibrosis and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide novel insight that the significant neutrophil/ CD3+ CD4- T cell/ macrophage activation leads to cytokine storm and severe fibrosis in the lungs of COVID-19 patient and may contribute to a better understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - You-Jia Yu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Wuxi Lung Transplantation Center, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan-Lin He
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-E Zhao
- Analysis & Test Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang-Xing Luan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Ding
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Fang Yu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Xin Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Tan
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Wuxi Lung Transplantation Center, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Jiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuan Su
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue-Shuai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Chen
- Wuxi Lung Transplantation Center, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Wang J, Hu L, Huang H, Yu Y, Wang J, Yu Y, Li K, Li Y, Tian T, Chen F. CAR (CARSKNKDC) Peptide Modified ReNcell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Targeted Pulmonary Hypertension Therapy. Hypertension 2020; 76:1147-1160. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)–derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as a potential therapeutic agent for pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the full realization of MSCs-derived EVs therapy has been hampered by the absence of standardization in MSCs culture and the challenges of industrial scale-up. The study was to exploit an alternative replacement for MSCs using currently commercialized stem cell lines for effective targeted PH therapy. ReNcell VM—a human neural stem cell line—has been utilized here as a reliable and easily adoptable source of EVs. We first demonstrated that ReNcell-derived EVs (ReNcell-EVs) pretreatment effectively prevented Su/Hx (SU5416/hypoxia)-induced PH in mice. Then for targeted therapy, we conjugated ReNcell-EVs with CAR (CARSKNKDC) peptide (CAR-EVs)—a peptide identified to specifically target hypertensive pulmonary arteries, by bio-orthogonal chemistry. Intravenous administration of CAR-EVs selectively targeted hypertensive pulmonary artery lesions especially pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Moreover, compared with unmodified ReNcell-EVs, CAR-EVs treatment significantly improved therapeutic effect in reversing Su/Hx-induced PH in mice. Mechanistically, ReNcell-EVs inhibited hypoxia-induced proliferation, migration, and phenotype switch of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, at least in part, via the delivery of its endogenous highly expressed miRNAs, let-7b-5p, miR-92b-3p, and miR-100-5p. In addition, we also found that ReNcell-EVs inhibited hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis and endothelial-mesenchymal transition in human microvascular endothelial cells. Taken together, our results provide an alternative to MSCs-derived EVs–based PH therapy via using ReNcell as a reliable source of EVs. Particularly, our CAR-conjugated EVs may serve as a novel drug carrier that enhances the specificity and efficiency of drug delivery for effective PH-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Hu
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijie Huang
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanfang Yu
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingshen Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu (Jingshen Wang, T.T.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youjia Yu
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Li
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Li
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu (Jingshen Wang, T.T.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- From the Department of Forensic Medicine (Jie Wang, L.H., H.H., Yanfang Yu, Youjia Yu, K.L., Y.L., F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine (F.C.), Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
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42
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Garcia-Revilla J, Deierborg T, Venero JL, Boza-Serrano A. Hyperinflammation and Fibrosis in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Galectin-3, a Target Molecule to Consider. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2069. [PMID: 32973815 PMCID: PMC7461806 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 disease have become so far the most important sanitary crisis in the XXI century. In light of the events, any clinical resource should be considered to alleviate this crisis. Severe COVID-19 cases present a so-called cytokine storm as the most life-threatening symptom accompanied by lung fibrosis. Galectin-3 has been widely described as regulator of both processes. Hereby, we present compelling evidences on the potential role of galectin-3 in COVID-19 in the regulation of the inflammatory response, fibrosis and infection progression. Moreover, we provide a strong rationale of the utility of measuring plasma galectin-3 as a prognosis biomarker for COVID-19 patients and propose that inhibition of galectin-3 represents a feasible and promising new therapeutical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Garcia-Revilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Tomas Deierborg
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, BMC, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jose Luis Venero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Boza-Serrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Experimental Dementia Research Laboratory, BMC, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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43
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Miles T, Hoyne GF, Knight DA, Fear MW, Mutsaers SE, Prêle CM. The contribution of animal models to understanding the role of the immune system in human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1153. [PMID: 32742653 PMCID: PMC7385431 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis occurs in a heterogeneous group of lung disorders and is characterised by an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins within the pulmonary interstitium, leading to impaired gas transfer and a loss of lung function. In the past 10 years, there has been a dramatic increase in our understanding of the immune system and how it contributes to fibrogenic processes within the lung. This review will compare some of the models used to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, in particular those used to study immune cell pathogenicity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages in dissecting human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tylah Miles
- Institute for Respiratory Health Nedlands WA Australia.,Centre for Respiratory Health School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia
| | - Gerard F Hoyne
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia.,School of Health Sciences University of Notre Dame Australia Fremantle WA Australia
| | - Darryl A Knight
- Providence Health Care Research Institute Vancouver BC Canada.,University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia
| | - Steven E Mutsaers
- Institute for Respiratory Health Nedlands WA Australia.,Centre for Respiratory Health School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia
| | - Cecilia M Prêle
- Centre for Respiratory Health School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia.,Ear Science Institute Australia Nedlands WA Australia
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Wang J, Wu J, Zhu X, Chen J, Zhao J, Xu Y, Xie J. Absence of the MFG-E8 gene prevents hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:587-600. [PMID: 32592231 PMCID: PMC7689852 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic vascular disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial resistance and vascular remodeling, and chronic hypoxia plays an important role in PH. Milk fat globule‐EGF factor 8 (MFG‐E8) is a glycoprotein that regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis, but its role in hypoxia‐induced PH is unknown. The current study aimed to determine the function and fundamental mechanisms of MFG‐E8 in hypoxia‐induced PH. Herein, we exposed mice to hypoxia for 5 weeks, and MFG‐E8 was found to be elevated in mouse lung tissues, arteries, and plasma. Compared with wild‐type littermates, mice lacking MFG‐E8 showed a significant increase in the ratio of pulmonary artery acceleration time to ejection time (PAT/PET), while they showed decreases in right ventricular systolic pressure, the Fulton's Index, percent medial wall thickness (%WT), and vascular muscularization in pulmonary arteries. In addition, MFG‐E8 protein levels were also increased in the serum of patients with chronic PH. Similarly, we observed a higher expression of MFG‐E8 in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in the presence of hypoxic stimulation than MFG‐E8 in cells in normoxic conditions. Furthermore, MFG‐E8 silencing resulted in partial inhibition of proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression in human PASMCs, and the possible mechanisms might involve the interaction between MFG‐E8 and the p‐Akt/cyclin D1 pathway. Collectively, our study suggests that the absence of MFG‐E8 can attenuate the development of hypoxia‐induced PH and vascular remodeling. MFG‐E8 can be a potential therapeutic target or a biomarker for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jixing Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianying Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinkun Chen
- St. John's-Ravenscourt School, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Xu GR, Zhang C, Yang HX, Sun JH, Zhang Y, Yao TT, Li Y, Ruan L, An R, Li AY. Modified citrus pectin ameliorates myocardial fibrosis and inflammation via suppressing galectin-3 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110071. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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46
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Song B, Yao B, Dang H, Dong R. Soluble ST2, Galectin-3 and clinical prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy undergoing ventricular septal myectomy: a correlation analysis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:145-152. [PMID: 32420094 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2020.01.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common chromosomal abnormal heart disease. The pathophysiological mechanism of HCM is complex. Several studies have suggested that the level of Soluble ST2 (sST2) may be a biomarker of chronic systolic heart failure, however, the role of sST2 in HCM remains unclear. So we performed this study to analyze the role of Soluble ST2 (sST2), Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and its correlations with clinical prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) undergoing ventricular septal myectomy. Methods HCM patients who underwent modified Morrow surgery in our hospital during June 2016-June 2018 were included. We divided the patients into different groups stratified by sST2 and Gal-3 level. Besides, we included volunteers without heart disease for medical examination as normal controls. Biochemical analyses were conducted to identify the biomarkers difference. The predictive value of sST2 and Gal-3 on all-cause mortality was evaluated with Cox regression analysis. Results A total of 125 HCM patients were included in this present study. The sST2 and Gal-3 levels in HCM patients were significantly higher than that in control group (all P<0.001); there were significant differences in the incidence of all-cause mortality for HCM patients stratified by the sST2 and Gal-3 level; Cox univariate regression survival analysis showed that the hypertension (HR =1.19, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38), maximum wall thickness (HR =1.48, 95% CI: 1.04-1.98), Log sST2 (HR =1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), Log Gal-3 (HR =1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.32) were the predictors for all-cause mortality in patients with HCM, and Cox multivariate risk regression showed that maximum wall thickness was the independent predictors of all-cause mortality in patients with HCM (HR =1.63, 95% CI: 1.35-1.97). Conclusions Even through sST2 and Gal-3 were not associated with clinical prognosis of patients with HCM undergoing ventricular septal myectomy, it may be involved in the progress of HCM, more studies are warranted to identify the potential mechanism and reverence value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangrong Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bo Yao
- Cardiology Section 2, Zibo City Linzi District People's Hospital, Zibo 255400, China
| | - Haiming Dang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ran Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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Altered serum level of metabolic and endothelial factors in patients with systemic sclerosis. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 312:453-458. [PMID: 31667578 PMCID: PMC7306018 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic connective tissue disease characterized by progressive fibrosis, vascular impairment and immune abnormalities. In recent years, adipokines (mediators synthetized by adipose tissue) have been indicated as a possible missing link in the pathogenesis of SSc. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum concentration of metabolic adipose tissue factors: adiponectin, resistin, leptin and endothelial proteins: endothelin-1, fractalkine and galectin-3 in patients with systemic sclerosis. The study included 100 patients with confirmed SSc diagnosis and 20 healthy individuals. The concentration of respective proteins was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The following markers showed statistically significant increased mean concentrations in patients with SSc in comparison to healthy control: resistin (13.41 vs 8.54 ng/mL; P = 0.0012), endothelin-1 (1.99 vs 1.31 pg/mL; P = 0.0072) and fractalkine (2.93 vs 1.68 ng/mL; P = 0.0007). Elevated serum levels of galectin-3 (4.54 vs 3.26 ng/mL; P = 0.0672) and leptin (19,542 vs 14,210 pg/mL; P = 0.1817) were observed. Decreased concentration of adiponectin was found in patients with SSc (5150 vs 8847 pg/mL; P = 0.0001). Fractalkine and galectin-3 levels were significantly higher in diffuse cutaneous SSc than limited cutaneous SSc subset (3.93 ng/mL vs 2.58 ng/mL, P = 0.0018; 6.86 ng/mL vs 3.78 ng/mL, P = 0.0008, respectively) and correlated positively with modified Rodnan Skin Score in total SSc patients (r = 0.376, P = 0.0009; r = 0.236, P = 0.018, respectively). In conclusion, an increased serum level of resistin associated with increased endothelin-1 and fractalkine level and decreased adiponectin level may indicate a significant role of the adipose tissue in the development and progression of vascular abnormalities in patients with systemic sclerosis. Fractalkine and galectin-3 may participate in promoting and exacerbating the fibrotic process in SSc.
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Daneva Z, Laubach VE, Sonkusare SK. Novel Regulators and Targets of Redox Signaling in Pulmonary Vasculature. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 9:87-93. [PMID: 31406951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated redox signaling in pulmonary vasculature is central to the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and lung injury. Modulators of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and downstream signaling targets are critical for mediating the physiological or pathological effects of ROS. Understanding the complex interactions between the modulators and signaling targets of ROS is essential for developing novel strategies to prevent or attenuate lung pathologies. In this review, we discuss recent studies on the modulators and targets of ROS in pulmonary endothelial and smooth muscle cells, their cellular effects, and the disease conditions associated with dysregulated redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdravka Daneva
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Victor E Laubach
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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