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Liu B, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Meng Q, Zhang D, Yang H, Li G, Wang Y, Zhou H. Pharmacological targeting of AMPK to restore glucose and fatty acid metabolism homeostasis attenuates transplanted kidney fibrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167510. [PMID: 39278511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Chronic fibrosis often occurs in transplanted kidneys, leading to progressive functional decline. The underlying mechanisms may involve disruption in the metabolism of renal tubular epithelial cells. The liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMPK pathway is a pivotal regulatory hub for glucose and fatty acid metabolism and may play a role in transplanted kidney fibrosis, but it has not been reported. In this study we administered fenofibrate, 2-deoxyglucose, or metformin to modulate metabolism in Brown Norway rat kidney transplants and investigated pathways involved in fibrosis using various assays. We identified an impaired LKB1-AMPK pathway within epithelial cells, resulting in perturbed glucose and fatty acid metabolism, collagen secretion, extracellular matrix remodeling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. ACOX1, a pivotal enzyme in the fatty acid peroxisomal β-oxidation pathway, played an important role in transplanted renal fibrosis. Furthermore, several metabolism-targeting drugs, particularly metformin, emerged as potent fibrosis inhibitors. Metformin attenuated fibrosis, improved renal function, and reduced inflammation and macrophage infiltration in the transplanted kidneys. These results provide new perspectives for understanding the complex molecular basis underlying transplanted renal fibrosis and developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yanghe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuxiong Wang
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qingfei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Guangtao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Honglan Zhou
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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Veličković N, Mićić B, Teofilović A, Milovanovic M, Jovanović M, Djordjevic A, Macut D, Vojnović Milutinović D. Overfeeding in the early postnatal period aggravates inflammation and hepatic insulin sensitivity in the 5α-dihydrotestosterone-induced animal model of PCOS. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1402905. [PMID: 39268230 PMCID: PMC11390438 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1402905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age and is closely associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. To clarify the contribution of prepubertal weight gain to the development of insulin resistance in PCOS, we investigated the effects of early postnatal overfeeding on inflammatory and energy-sensing pathways as well as on markers of insulin signaling in the liver of the PCOS rat model. Methods Obesity induced by overfeeding was achieved by reducing litter size, while the PCOS-like condition was developed by treatment with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Western blot and qPCR were used to analyze the expression of pro-inflammatory transcription factors and cytokines, as well as markers of the energy sensing and insulin signaling pathways. Results The results showed that hepatic insulin sensitivity was impaired only in DHT-treated rats raised in small litters, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of IRS1 on Ser307 and decreased expression of total IRS1. Postnatal overfeeding stimulated JNK1 activation independent of hyperandrogenemia; nevertheless, the synergistic effect of both factors triggered NLRP3 activation and increased IL1β expression in the small litter DHT-treated group. This pro-inflammatory state was accompanied by decreased activatory phosphorylation of AMPK and reduced levels of its protein targets. Conclusions Overfeeding in the early postnatal period leads to a decrease in hepatic insulin sensitivity in the rat model of PCOS, which is associated with decreased activation of AMPK and stimulation of the hepatic NLRP3-IL1β signaling pathway. Accordingly, the inhibition of NLRP3 activation could provide a basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Veličković
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Mićić
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Teofilović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Mirna Jovanović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Djordjevic
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djuro Macut
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Vojnović Milutinović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Simon-Szabó L, Lizák B, Sturm G, Somogyi A, Takács I, Németh Z. Molecular Aspects in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes and Possible Preventive and Complementary Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9113. [PMID: 39201799 PMCID: PMC11354764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is increasing sharply worldwide. To reverse this, more effective approaches in prevention and treatment are needed. In our review, we sought to summarize normal insulin action and the pathways that primarily influence the development of T2DM. Normal insulin action involves mitogenic and metabolic pathways, as both are important in normal metabolic processes, regeneration, etc. However, through excess energy, both can be hyperactive or attenuated/inactive leading to disturbances in the cellular and systemic regulation with the consequence of cellular stress and systemic inflammation. In this review, we detailed the beneficial molecular changes caused by some important components of nutrition and by exercise, which act in the same molecular targets as the developed drugs, and can revert the damaged pathways. Moreover, these induce entire networks of regulatory mechanisms and proteins to restore unbalanced homeostasis, proving their effectiveness as preventive and complementary therapies. These are the main steps for success in prevention and treatment of developed diseases to rid the body of excess energy, both from stored fats and from overnutrition, while facilitating fat burning with adequate, regular exercise in healthy people, and together with necessary drug treatment as required in patients with insulin resistance and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Simon-Szabó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.S.-S.); (B.L.)
| | - Beáta Lizák
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.S.-S.); (B.L.)
| | - Gábor Sturm
- Directorate of Information Technology Basic Infrastructure and Advanced Applications, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 78/b, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Anikó Somogyi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Baross u., 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - István Takács
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zsuzsanna Németh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
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Chaudhary S, Kulkarni A. Metformin: Past, Present, and Future. Curr Diab Rep 2024; 24:119-130. [PMID: 38568468 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-024-01539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides the most recent update of metformin, a biguanide oral antihyperglycemic drug used as a first-line treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus. RECENT FINDINGS Metformin continues to dominate in the world of antidiabetics, and its use will continue to rise because of its high efficiency and easy availability. Apart from type 2 diabetes, research is exploring its potential in other conditions such as cancer, memory loss, bone disorders, immunological diseases, and aging. Metformin is the most prescribed oral antidiabetic worldwide. It has been in practical use for the last six decades and continues to be the preferred drug for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. It reduces glucose levels by decreasing hepatic glucose production, reducing intestinal glucose absorption, and increasing insulin sensitivity. It can be used as monotherapy or combined with other antidiabetics like sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors, or insulin, improving its efficacy. Metformin can be used once or twice daily, depending on requirements. Prolonged usage of metformin may lead to abdominal discomfort, deficiency of Vitamin B12, or lactic acidosis. It should be used carefully in patients with renal impairment. Recent studies have explored additional benefits of metformin in polycystic ovarian disease, gestational diabetes mellitus, cognitive disorders, and immunological diseases. However, more extensive studies are needed to confirm these additional benefits.
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Johansen A, Thiede B, Anonsen JH, Nilsson GE. Phosphoproteomic changes in response to anoxia are tissue-specific in the anoxia-tolerant crucian carp ( Carassius carassius). Front Physiol 2024; 15:1407834. [PMID: 38872833 PMCID: PMC11170284 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1407834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Crucian carp (Carassius carassius), a freshwater fish, can survive chronic anoxia for several months at low temperatures. Consequently, anoxia-related physiological and biochemical adaptations in this species have been studied for more than half a century. Still, despite for the well-known role of protein phosphorylation in regulating cellular processes, no studies have comprehensively characterized the phosphoproteome in crucian carp. In this study, we report the global phosphoproteome in crucian carp brain and liver during anoxia and reoxygenation. By applying a bottom-up proteomic approach on enriched phosphopeptides we found that the brain phosphoproteome shows surprisingly few changes during anoxia-reoxygenation exposure with only 109 out of 4200 phosphopeptides being differentially changed compared to normoxic controls. By contrast, in the liver 395 out of 1287 phosphopeptides changed. Although most changes occurred in the liver phosphoproteome, the pattern of changes indicated metabolic depression and decreased translation in both brain and liver. We also found changes in phosphoproteins involved in apoptotic regulation and reactive oxygen species handling in both tissues. In the brain, some of the most changed phosphopeptides belonged to proteins involved in central nervous system development and neuronal activity at the synaptic cleft. Changed phosphoproteins specific for liver tissue were related to glucose metabolism, such as glycolytic flux and glycogenolysis. In conclusion, protein phosphorylation in response to anoxia and reoxygenation showed both common and tissue-specific changes related to the functional differences between brain and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Haug Anonsen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Research Centre AS, Climate and Environment Department, Stavanger, Norway
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Rawat SS, Keshri AK, Arora N, Kaur R, Mishra A, Kumar R, Prasad A. Taenia solium cysticerci's extracellular vesicles Attenuate the AKT/mTORC1 pathway for Alleviating DSS-induced colitis in a murine model. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12448. [PMID: 38779712 PMCID: PMC11112404 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The excretory-secretory proteome plays a pivotal role in both intercellular communication during disease progression and immune escape mechanisms of various pathogens including cestode parasites like Taenia solium. The cysticerci of T. solium causes infection in the central nervous system known as neurocysticercosis (NCC), which affects a significant population in developing countries. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 30-150-nm-sized particles and constitute a significant part of the secretome. However, the role of EV in NCC pathogenesis remains undetermined. Here, for the first time, we report that EV from T. solium larvae is abundant in metabolites that can negatively regulate PI3K/AKT pathway, efficiently internalized by macrophages to induce AKT and mTOR degradation through auto-lysosomal route with a prominent increase in the ubiquitination of both proteins. This results in less ROS production and diminished bacterial killing capability among EV-treated macrophages. Due to this, both macro-autophagy and caspase-linked apoptosis are upregulated, with a reduction of the autophagy substrate sequestome 1. In summary, we report that T. solium EV from viable cysts attenuates the AKT-mTOR pathway thereby promoting apoptosis in macrophages, and this may exert immunosuppression during an early viable stage of the parasite in NCC, which is primarily asymptomatic. Further investigation on EV-mediated immune suppression revealed that the EV can protect the mice from DSS-induced colitis and improve colon architecture. These findings shed light on the previously unknown role of T. solium EV and the therapeutic role of their immune suppression potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Singh Rawat
- School of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology MandiMandiHimachal PradeshIndia
| | - Anand Kumar Keshri
- School of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology MandiMandiHimachal PradeshIndia
| | - Naina Arora
- School of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology MandiMandiHimachal PradeshIndia
| | - Rimanpreet Kaur
- School of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology MandiMandiHimachal PradeshIndia
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology UnitIndian Institute of Technology JodhpurJodhpurRajasthanIndia
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- CSIR‐Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampurHimachal PradeshIndia
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Biosciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology MandiMandiHimachal PradeshIndia
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Ijinu TP, De Lellis LF, Shanmugarama S, Pérez-Gregorio R, Sasikumar P, Ullah H, Buccato DG, Di Minno A, Baldi A, Daglia M. Anthocyanins as Immunomodulatory Dietary Supplements: A Nutraceutical Perspective and Micro-/Nano-Strategies for Enhanced Bioavailability. Nutrients 2023; 15:4152. [PMID: 37836436 PMCID: PMC10574533 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ACNs) have attracted considerable attention for their potential to modulate the immune system. Research has revealed their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which play a crucial role in immune regulation by influencing key immune cells, such as lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Moreover, ACNs contribute towards maintaining a balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus promoting immune health. Beyond their direct effects on immune cells, ACNs significantly impact gut health and the microbiota, essential factors in immune regulation. Emerging evidence suggests that they positively influence the composition of the gut microbiome, enhancing their immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, these compounds synergize with other bioactive substances, such as vitamins and minerals, further enhancing their potential as immune-supporting dietary supplements. However, detailed clinical studies must fully validate these findings and determine safe dosages across varied populations. Incorporating these natural compounds into functional foods or supplements could revolutionize the management of immune-related conditions. Personalized nutrition and healthcare strategies may be developed to enhance overall well-being and immune resilience by fully understanding the mechanisms underlying the actions of their components. Recent advancements in delivery methods have focused on improving the bioavailability and effectiveness of ACNs, providing promising avenues for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thadiyan Parambil Ijinu
- Naturæ Scientific, Kerala University-Business Innovation and Incubation Centre, Kariavattom Campus, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, India;
- The National Society of Ethnopharmacology, VRA-179, Mannamoola, Peroorkada P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695005, India
| | - Lorenza Francesca De Lellis
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Santny Shanmugarama
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Rosa Pérez-Gregorio
- Food and Health Omics Group, Institute of Agroecology and Food, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), SERGAS-UVIGO, 32002 Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniele Giuseppe Buccato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Baldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.F.D.L.); (D.G.B.); (A.D.M.); (A.B.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Flood D, Lee ES, Taylor CT. Intracellular energy production and distribution in hypoxia. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105103. [PMID: 37507013 PMCID: PMC10480318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrolysis of ATP is the primary source of metabolic energy for eukaryotic cells. Under physiological conditions, cells generally produce more than sufficient levels of ATP to fuel the active biological processes necessary to maintain homeostasis. However, mechanisms underpinning the distribution of ATP to subcellular microenvironments with high local demand remain poorly understood. Intracellular distribution of ATP in normal physiological conditions has been proposed to rely on passive diffusion across concentration gradients generated by ATP producing systems such as the mitochondria and the glycolytic pathway. However, subcellular microenvironments can develop with ATP deficiency due to increases in local ATP consumption. Alternatively, ATP production can be reduced during bioenergetic stress during hypoxia. Mammalian cells therefore need to have the capacity to alter their metabolism and energy distribution strategies to compensate for local ATP deficits while also controlling ATP production. It is highly likely that satisfying the bioenergetic requirements of the cell involves the regulated distribution of ATP producing systems to areas of high ATP demand within the cell. Recently, the distribution (both spatially and temporally) of ATP-producing systems has become an area of intense investigation. Here, we review what is known (and unknown) about intracellular energy production and distribution and explore potential mechanisms through which this targeted distribution can be altered in hypoxia, with the aim of stimulating investigation in this important, yet poorly understood field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darragh Flood
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eun Sang Lee
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Kvandova M, Puzserova A, Balis P. Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: The Role of AMPK. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11986. [PMID: 37569362 PMCID: PMC10418890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and disability among both males and females. The risk of cardiovascular diseases is heightened by the presence of a risk factor cluster of metabolic syndrome, covering obesity and obesity-related cardiometabolic risk factors such as hypertension, glucose, and lipid metabolism dysregulation primarily. Sex hormones contribute to metabolic regulation and make women and men susceptible to obesity development in a different manner, which necessitates sex-specific management. Identifying crucial factors that protect the cardiovascular system is essential to enhance primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and should be explicitly studied from the perspective of sex differences. It seems that AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) may be such a factor since it has the protective role of AMPK in the cardiovascular system, has anti-diabetic properties, and is regulated by sex hormones. Those findings highlight the potential cardiometabolic benefits of AMPK, making it an essential factor to consider. Here, we review information about the cross-talk between AMPK and sex hormones as a critical point in cardiometabolic disease development and progression and a target for therapeutic intervention in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Kvandova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.P.); (P.B.)
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Lee J, Jeon MJ, Won EJ, Yoo JW, Lee YM. Effect of heavy metals on the energy metabolism in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115189. [PMID: 37385021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) are of great concern in aquatic ecosystems because of their global distribution, persistence, and biomagnification via the food web. They can induce the expression of cellular protective systems (e.g., detoxification enzymes and antioxidant enzymes) to protect organisms from oxidative stress, which is a high-energy-consuming process. Thus, energy reserves (e.g., glycogen, lipids, and proteins) are utilized to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Although a few studies have suggested that heavy metal stress can modulate the metabolic cycle in crustaceans, information on changes in energy metabolism under metal pollution remains lacking in planktonic crustaceans. In the present study, the activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, trypsin, and lipase) and the contents of energy storage molecules (glycogen, lipid, and protein) were examined in the brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis exposed to Cd, Pb, and As for 48 h. Transcriptional modulation of the three AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and metabolic pathway-related genes was further investigated. Amylase activity was highly increased in all heavy metal-exposed groups, whereas trypsin activity was reduced in Cd- and As-exposed groups. While glycogen content was increased in all exposed groups in a concentration-dependent manner, lipid content was reduced at higher concentrations of heavy metals. The expression of AMPKs and metabolic pathway-related genes was distinct among heavy metals. In particular, Cd activated the transcription of AMPK-, glucose/lipid metabolism-, and protein synthesis-related genes. Our findings indicate that Cd can disrupt energy metabolism, and may be a potent metabolic toxicant in D. celebensis. This study provides insights into the molecular mode of action of heavy metal pollution on the energy metabolism in planktonic crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Hua Y, Zheng Y, Yao Y, Jia R, Ge S, Zhuang A. Metformin and cancer hallmarks: shedding new lights on therapeutic repurposing. J Transl Med 2023; 21:403. [PMID: 37344841 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a well-known anti-diabetic drug that has been repurposed for several emerging applications, including as an anti-cancer agent. It boasts the distinct advantages of an excellent safety and tolerability profile and high cost-effectiveness at less than one US dollar per daily dose. Epidemiological evidence reveals that metformin reduces the risk of cancer and decreases cancer-related mortality in patients with diabetes; however, the exact mechanisms are not well understood. Energy metabolism may be central to the mechanism of action. Based on altering whole-body energy metabolism or cellular state, metformin's modes of action can be divided into two broad, non-mutually exclusive categories: "direct effects", which induce a direct effect on cancer cells, independent of blood glucose and insulin levels, and "indirect effects" that arise from systemic metabolic changes depending on blood glucose and insulin levels. In this review, we summarize an updated account of the current knowledge on metformin antitumor action, elaborate on the underlying mechanisms in terms of the hallmarks of cancer, and propose potential applications for repurposing metformin for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yiran Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Ai Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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12
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Nazemi-Rafie J, Fatehi F, Hasrak S. A comparative transcriptome analysis of the head of 1 and 9 days old worker honeybees ( Apis mellifera). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2023; 113:253-270. [PMID: 36511774 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485322000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The role of bees in the environment, economic, biodiversity and pharmaceutical industries is due to its social behavior, which is oriented from the brain and hypopharyngeal gland that is the center of royal jelly (RJ) production. Limited studies have been performed on the head gene expression profile at the RJ production stage. The aim of this study was to compare the gene expressions in 9 and 1-day-old (DO) honeybee workers in order to achieve better understanding about head gene expression pattern. After sequencing of RNAs, transcriptome and their networks were compared. The head expression profile undergoes various changes. 1662 gene transcripts had differential expressions which 1125 and 537 were up and down regulated, respectively, in 9_DO compared with 1_DO honey bees. The day 1th had more significant role in the expression of genes related to RJ production as major RJ protein 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 9 encoding genes, but their maximum secretion occurred at day 9th. All process related to hypopharyngeal glands activities as CYP450 gene, fatty acid synthase gene, vitamin B6 metabolism and some of genes involved in fatty acid elongation and degradation process had an upward trend from 1_DO and were age-dependent. By increasing the age, the activity of pathways related to immune system increased for keeping the health of bees against the chemical compound. The expression of aromatic amino acid genes involved in Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway are essential for early stage of life. In 9_DO honeybees, the energy supplying, reducing stress, protein production and export pathways have a crucial role for support the body development and the social duties. It can be stated that the activity of honeybee head is focused on energy supply instead of storage, while actively trying to improve the level of cell dynamics for increasing the immunity and reducing stress. Results of current study identified key genes of certain behaviors of honeybee workers. Deeper considering of some pathways will be evaluated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Nazemi-Rafie
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Foad Fatehi
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Hasrak
- Genome Center, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Yang Y, Reid MA, Hanse EA, Li H, Li Y, Ruiz BI, Fan Q, Kong M. SAPS3 subunit of protein phosphatase 6 is an AMPK inhibitor and controls metabolic homeostasis upon dietary challenge in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1368. [PMID: 36914647 PMCID: PMC10011557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of AMPK is tightly associated with metabolic perturbations upon over nutrition, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying are not clear. Here, we demonstrate the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory subunit 3, SAPS3, is a negative regulator of AMPK. SAPS3 is induced under high fat diet (HFD) and recruits the PP6 catalytic subunit to deactivate phosphorylated-AMPK, thereby inhibiting AMPK-controlled metabolic pathways. Either whole-body or liver-specific deletion of SAPS3 protects male mice against HFD-induced detrimental consequences and reverses HFD-induced metabolic and transcriptional alterations while loss of SAPS3 has no effects on mice under balanced diets. Furthermore, genetic inhibition of AMPK is sufficient to block the protective phenotype in SAPS3 knockout mice under HFD. Together, our results reveal that SAPS3 is a negative regulator of AMPK and suppression of SAPS3 functions as a guardian when metabolism is perturbed and represents a potential therapeutic strategy to treat metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Michael A Reid
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Eric A Hanse
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Haiqing Li
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yuanding Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Bryan I Ruiz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Qi Fan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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14
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Lee JH, Woo KJ, Hong J, Han KI, Kim HS, Kim TJ. Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecalis Inhibit FL83B Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and High Fat Diet-Induced Fatty Liver Damage in Rats by Activating Lipolysis through the Regulation the AMPK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054486. [PMID: 36901915 PMCID: PMC10002555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous consumption of high-calorie meals causes lipid accumulation in the liver and liver damage, leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A case study of the hepatic lipid accumulation model is needed to identify the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism in the liver. In this study, the prevention mechanism of lipid accumulation in the liver of Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) was extended using FL83B cells (FL83Bs) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis. EF-2001 treatment inhibited the oleic acid (OA) lipid accumulation in FL83B liver cells. Furthermore, we performed lipid reduction analysis to confirm the underlying mechanism of lipolysis. The results showed that EF-2001 downregulated proteins and upregulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and AMPK signaling pathways, respectively. The effect of EF-2001 on OA-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in FL83Bs enhanced the phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and reduced the levels of lipid accumulation proteins SREBP-1c and fatty acid synthase. EF-2001 treatment increased the levels of adipose triglyceride lipase and monoacylglycerol during lipase enzyme activation, which, when increased, contributed to increased liver lipolysis. In conclusion, EF-2001 inhibits OA-induced FL83B hepatic lipid accumulation and HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in rats through the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Lee
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Jung Woo
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonpyo Hong
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Il Han
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
- Research & Development Center, Bereum Co., Ltd., Wonju 26361, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Tack-Joong Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
- Research & Development Center, Doctor TJ Co., Ltd., Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-760-224
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15
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Wan Y, Shen K, Yu H, Fan W. Baicalein limits osteoarthritis development by inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 196:108-120. [PMID: 36657732 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease of articular cartilage, and there is currently no effective treatment. Baicalein, a flavonoid extracted from plants of the Scutellaria genus, has frequently been used in the past as an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic therapy. This study investigated the effect of baicalein on OA development. For in vivo study, a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA model was established in 8-week-old wild-type (WT) and AMPKα-knockout (KO) mice, while an in vitro study was performed using chondrocytes in an OA microenvironment induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) exposure. We found that baicalein alleviated OA development in vivo and exerted a chondroprotective effect in vitro by suppressing chondrocyte ferroptosis. Baicalein reduced OA-related pain sensitivity by inhibiting ferroptosis of chondrocytes in OA mice. Baicalein also facilitated AMPK holoenzyme assembly, stability, and activity and suppressed ferroptosis by inducing AMPKα phosphorylation in chondrocyte. In addition, AMPKα preserved nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) abundance in chondrocytes and induced Nrf2 into nucleus by promoting Keap1 degradation. Meanwhile, Nrf2 increased expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) to inhibit chondrocyte lipid ROS. Taken together, these results showed that baicalein alleviated OA development by improving the activity of AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling to inhibit chondrocyte ferroptosis, revealing baicalein to be a potential therapeutic strategy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuyang People's Hospital, 501 Sanqing Road, Fuyang, 236000, Anhui, China; Spinal Deformity Clinical Medicine and Research Center of Anhui Province, 501 Sanqing Road, Fuyang, 236000, Anhui, China
| | - Weimin Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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Naldurtiker A, Batchu P, Kouakou B, Terrill TH, Shaik A, Kannan G. RNA-Seq exploration of the influence of stress on meat quality in Spanish goats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20573. [PMID: 36446782 PMCID: PMC9709060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies exploring the transcriptome of stress and its effects on meat quality are very limited, particularly in goats. Fifty-four male Spanish goats (8-mo old; BW = 29.7 ± 2.03 kg) were randomly subjected to one of three treatments (TRT; n = 18 goats/treatment): (1) transported for 180 min, (2) transported for 30 min, or (3) held in pens (control) to analyze the transcriptome of stress and meat quality in goats using RNA-seq technology. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment, and meat samples were collected after humane slaughter for stress hormone, meat quality (Longissimus dorsi), and transcriptomic analysis. Plasma epinephrine concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in 180 min and 30 min groups compared to the control group; however, norepinephrine concentrations were not affected by the treatment. Muscle glycogen concentrations (15 min postmortem) were lower (P < 0.01) in both 30 min and 180 min groups compared to the control group. Calpastatin levels were higher (P < 0.01) in 180 min and 30 min groups than the control group. Warner-Bratzler shear force values of loin chops were the highest in the 180 min group (4 ± 0.15, kg), lowest in the control group (3.51 ± 0.10, kg), and intermediate in the 30 min group (3.78 ± 0.09, kg; P < 0.01) both at day 1 and day 6 aging time. Additionally, desmin levels of day 6 samples were lowest in the control group, highest in 180 min group, and intermediate in 30 min group (P < 0.05). RNA-seq results showed that a total of 10,633 genes were differentially expressed (5194 up regulated; 5439 down regulated) among all comparisons (blood and day 1 and day 6 muscle samples). Among these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), KLF9, AMPK, FOXO3, PTX3, GADD45, PTPN1, CASP7, MAPK4, HSPA12A, and JAK-STAT were probably associated with the effects of stress on skeletal muscle proteins and involved in biological process such as cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus, endoplasmic reticulum stress, insulin resistance, DNA repair, apoptosis, MAPK cascade and regulation of proteolysis. The KEGG analysis revealed that AMPK and JAK-SAT signaling pathways and autophagy were among the top 20 enriched pathways in our treatment comparisons. The results provide an understanding of the genes and pathways involved in stress responses and related changes in postmortem muscle metabolism and meat quality characteristics in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Naldurtiker
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Phaneendra Batchu
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Brou Kouakou
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Thomas H Terrill
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Arshad Shaik
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Govind Kannan
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA.
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17
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Zhang Y, Qin H, Bian J, Ma Z, Yi H. SLC2As as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in LUAD patients through bioinformatic analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1045179. [PMID: 36518662 PMCID: PMC9742449 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1045179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs), which are encoded by solute carrier 2A (SLC2A) genes, are responsible for mediating glucose absorption. In order to meet their higher energy demands, cancer cells are more likely than normal tissue cells to have elevated glucose transporters. Multiple pathogenic processes, such as cancer and immunological disorders, have been linked to GLUTs. Few studies, meanwhile, have been conducted on individuals with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) to evaluate all 14 SLC2A genes. We first identified increased protein levels of SLC2A1, SLC2A5, SLC2A6, and SLC2A9 via HPA database and downregulated mRNA levels of SLC2A3, SLC2A6, SLC2A9, and SLC2A14 by ONCOMINE and UALCAN databases in patients with LUAD. Additionally, lower levels of SLC2A3, SLC2A6, SLC2A9, SLC2A12, and SLC2A14 and higher levels of SLC2A1, SLC2A5, SLC2A10, and SLC2A11 had an association with advanced tumor stage. SLC2A1, SLC2A7, and SLC2A11 were identified as prognostic signatures for LUAD. Kaplan-Meier analysis, Univariate Cox regression, multivariate Cox regression and ROC analyses further revealed that these three genes signature was a novel and important prognostic factor. Mechanistically, the aberrant expression of these molecules was caused, in part, by the hypomethylation of SLC2A3, SLC2A10, and SLC2A14 and by the hypermethylation of SLC2A1, SLC2A2, SLC2A5, SLC2A6, SLC2A7, and SLC2A11. Additionally, SLC2A3, SLC2A5, SLC2A6, SLC2A9, and SLC2A14 contributed to LUAD by positively modulating M2 macrophage and T cell exhaustion. Finally, pathways involving SLC2A1/BUB1B/mitotic cell cycle, SLC2A5/CD86/negative regulation of immune system process, SLC2A6/PLEK/lymphocyte activation, SLC2A9/CD4/regulation of cytokine production might participate in the pathogenesis of LUAD. In summary, our results will provide the theoretical basis on SLC2As as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Echocardiography Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Qin
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Bian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanchuan Ma
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huanfa Yi
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Changchun, Jilin, China
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18
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Papaccio F, Bellei B, Ottaviani M, D’Arino A, Truglio M, Caputo S, Cigliana G, Sciuto L, Migliano E, Pacifico A, Iacovelli P, Picardo M. A Possible Modulator of Vitiligo Metabolic Impairment: Rethinking a PPARγ Agonist. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223583. [PMID: 36429011 PMCID: PMC9688513 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is a complex disease wherein derangements in multiple pathways determine the loss of functional melanocytes. Since its pathogenesis is not yet completely understood, vitiligo lacks a definitive safe and efficacious treatment. At present, different therapies are available; however, each modality has its baggage of disadvantages and side effects. Recently we have described several metabolic abnormalities in cells from pigmented skin of vitiligo patients, including alterations of glucose metabolism. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate the effect of Pioglitazone (PGZ), a Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonist, on cells from pigmented vitiligo skin. We treated vitiligo melanocytes and fibroblasts with low doses of PGZ and evaluated the effects on mitochondrial alterations, previously reported by our and other groups. Treatment with PGZ significantly increased mRNA and protein levels of several anaerobic glycolytic enzymes, without increasing glucose consumption. The PGZ administration fully restored the metabolic network, replacing mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number. These effects, together with a significant increase in ATP content and a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, provide strong evidence of an overall improvement of mitochondria bioenergetics in vitiligo cells. Moreover, the expression of HMGB1, Hsp70, defined as a part of DAMPs, and PD-L1 were significantly reduced. In addition, PGZ likely reverts premature senescence phenotype. In summary, the results outline a novel mode of action of Pioglitazone, which may turn out to be relevant to the development of effective new vitiligo therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Papaccio
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Barbara Bellei
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Ottaviani
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea D’Arino
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Truglio
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Caputo
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cigliana
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sciuto
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Plastic and Regenerative Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Pacifico
- Phototherapy Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Iacovelli
- Phototherapy Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (M.P.)
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19
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Fang J, Zeng L, He Y, Liu X, Zhang T, Wang Q. Effects of Dietary Tannic Acid on Obesity and Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6J Mice Fed with High-Fat Diet. Foods 2022; 11:3325. [PMID: 36359937 PMCID: PMC9659306 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary tannic acid, as a natural polyphenolic, has many important biological activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary tannic acid on obesity and gut microbiota in mice with a high-fat diet. Male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet were treated with dietary tannic acid for eight weeks. Results showed that dietary tannic acid reduced the body weight gain, regulated glycolipid metabolism, improved the insulin resistance, and attenuated the liver oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice. Moreover, both dietary tannic acid intervention groups repaired the gut barrier damage caused by a high-fat diet, especially in the 50 mg/kg/d dietary tannic acid intervention group. Interestingly, the effect of dietary tannic acid on serum endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content was correlated with the abundance of the LPS-producing microbiota. In addition, dietary tannic acid altered the abundance of obesity-related gut microbiota (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Odoribacter) in the 150 mg/kg/d dietary tannic acid intervention group, while it was not effective in the 50 mg/kg/d dietary tannic acid intervention group. These findings suggested the potential effect of dietary tannic acid for the prevention and control of obesity.
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20
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Qi L, Wang Y, Su S, Wang M, Jablonska E, Jia Y, Wang R, Hao S, Feng C, Li G, Jiang M, Du L, Sun H, Li Q, Wang T. Sodium selenite inhibits cervical cancer growth via ROS mediated AMPK/FOXO3a /GADD45a axis. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 367:110171. [PMID: 36108716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is a trace element that has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancer cell types. However, its role in cervical cancer and its underlying mechanisms remains largely unknown. Herein, we explored the anti-cervical cancer effect of selenium and its potential mechanisms through xenograft and in vitro experiments. HeLa cell xenografts in female nude mice showed tumor growth retardation, with no obvious liver and kidney toxicity, after being intraperitoneally injected with 3 mg/kg sodium selenite (SS) for 14 days. Compared to the control group, selenium levels in the tumor tissue increased significantly after SS treatment. In vitro experiments, SS inhibited the viability of HeLa and SiHa cells, blocked the cell cycle at the S phase, and enhanced apoptosis. RNA-sequencing, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis showed that forkhead box protein O (FOXO) was a key regulatory signaling pathway for SS to exhibit anticancer effects. Gene Ontology analysis filtered multiple terms associated with apoptosis, anti-proliferation, and cell cycle arrest. Further research revealed that SS increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired mitochondrial function, which activated adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) via phosphorylation at Thr172, resulting in activation of FOXO3a and its downstream growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible alpha (GADD45a). In summary, SS exhibited anti-cervical cancer effects, and their mechanisms may be that SS is involved in inducing cell cycle arrest and potentiating cell apoptosis caused by ROS-dependent activation of the AMPK/FOXO3a/GADD45a axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shengqi Su
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ewa Jablonska
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Sw. Teresy 8 Street, Lodz, 91-348, Poland
| | - Yuehui Jia
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ruixiang Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shuxiu Hao
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guijin Li
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Meijing Jiang
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Linlin Du
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Huixin Sun
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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21
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Alginate Oligosaccharides Ameliorate DSS-Induced Colitis through Modulation of AMPK/NF-κB Pathway and Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142864. [PMID: 35889822 PMCID: PMC9321948 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are shown to have various biological activities of great value to medicine, food, and agriculture. However, little information is available about their beneficial effects and mechanisms on ulcerative colitis. In this study, AOS with a polymerization degree between 2 and 4 were found to possess anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. AOS could decrease the levels of nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα, and upregulate the levels of IL-10 in both RAW 264.7 and bone-marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) cells under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Additionally, oral AOS administration could significantly prevent bodyweight loss, colonic shortening, and rectal bleeding in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice. AOS pretreatment could also reduce disease activity index scores and histopathologic scores and downregulate proinflammatory cytokine levels. Importantly, AOS administration could reverse DSS-induced AMPK deactivation and NF-κB activation in colonic tissues, as evidenced by enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and p65 phosphorylation inhibition. AOS could also upregulate AMPK phosphorylation and inhibit NF-κB activation in vitro. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of gut microbiota indicated that supplemental doses of AOS could affect overall gut microbiota structure to a varying extent and specifically change the abundance of some bacteria. Medium-dose AOS could be superior to low- or high-dose AOS in maintaining remission in DSS-induced colitis mice. In conclusion, AOS can play a protective role in colitis through modulation of gut microbiota and the AMPK/NF-kB pathway.
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Henning H, Nguyen QT, Luther AM, Wallner U, Beyerbach M, Waberski D. In vitro storage of boar spermatozoa increases the demand of ATP for reactivation of motility. Andrology 2022; 10:1426-1440. [PMID: 35785447 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonging the shelf-life of liquid-preserved semen without compromising its fertilizing capacity may increase the efficiency of artificial insemination in pigs. Many fertilization-relevant processes are ATP dependent. The impact of semen storage and rewarming to body temperature on the energy status of sperm are as yet unknown. OBJECTIVES To investigate the energy status of boar spermatozoa during storage and subsequent rewarming, and to reveal the potential role of mitochondrial function for reactivation and maintenance of sperm motility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extended semen samples (n = 7 boars) were used. Spermatozoa were challenged by storage at 17°C for seven days and incubation at 38°C for 180 minutes. The ATP concentration and energy charge (EC) in semen samples and lactate concentration in the extracellular medium were assessed. Viability and mitochondrial activity were determined by flow cytometry, and clustered single cell analysis of motility parameters were performed. RESULTS The energy status was not affected by semen storage (p>0.05). Rewarming resulted in a net reduction in ATP concentration which increased with storage time (maximum Day 5: -24.2±10.3 %), but was not accompanied by a loss in viability, motility or mitochondrial activity. Blocking glycolysis with 2-Deoxy-D-glucose prevented re-establishing of motility and mitochondrial activity after rewarming. Mitochondrial activity gradually subsided in virtually all spermatozoa during incubation at 38°C, while ATP and EC remained high. Concomitantly, extracellular lactate levels rose and sperm populations with lower velocity, increased linearity, and low lateral head-displacement grew larger. Size changes for major sperm subpopulations correlated with the percentage of viable sperm with high mitochondrial activity (r = 0.44 to 0.70 for individual subpopulations, p<0.01). CONCLUSION Storage of boar spermatozoa increases the demand of ATP for reactivation of sperm towards fast, non-linear and hyperactivation-like motility patterns upon rewarming. Maintenance of glycolysis seems to be decisive for sperm function after long-term storage in vitro. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Henning
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine / Clinic for Pigs and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 15, D-30559, Hannover, Germany.,Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Höltystrasse 10, D-31535, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Quynh Thu Nguyen
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine / Clinic for Pigs and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 15, D-30559, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Göttingen, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Luther
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine / Clinic for Pigs and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 15, D-30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wallner
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine / Clinic for Pigs and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 15, D-30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Beyerbach
- Institute for Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 15, D-30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dagmar Waberski
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine / Clinic for Pigs and Small Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 15, D-30559, Hannover, Germany
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23
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Kalyanaraman B, Cheng G, Hardy M. Therapeutic Targeting of Tumor Cells and Tumor Immune Microenvironment Vulnerabilities. Front Oncol 2022; 12:816504. [PMID: 35756631 PMCID: PMC9214210 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.816504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic targeting of tumor vulnerabilities is emerging as a key area of research. This review is focused on exploiting the vulnerabilities of tumor cells and the immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), including tumor hypoxia, tumor acidity, the bidirectional proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) of lactate, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and redox enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Cancer cells use glucose for energy even under normoxic conditions. Although cancer cells predominantly rely on glycolysis, many have fully functional mitochondria, suggesting that mitochondria are a vulnerable target organelle in cancer cells. Thus, one key distinction between cancer and normal cell metabolism is metabolic reprogramming. Mitochondria-targeted small molecule inhibitors of OXPHOS inhibit tumor proliferation and growth. Another hallmark of cancer is extracellular acidification due lactate accumulation. Emerging results show that lactate acts as a fuel for mitochondrial metabolism and supports tumor proliferation and growth. Metabolic reprogramming occurs in glycolysis-deficient tumor phenotypes and in kinase-targeted, drug-resistant cancers overexpressing OXPHOS genes. Glycolytic cancer cells located away from the vasculature overexpress MCT4 transporter to prevent overacidification by exporting lactate, and the oxidative cancer cells located near the vasculature express MCT1 transporter to provide energy through incorporation of lactate into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. MCTs are, therefore, a vulnerable target in cancer metabolism. MCT inhibitors exert synthetic lethality in combination with metformin, a weak inhibitor of OXPHOS, in cancer cells. Simultaneously targeting multiple vulnerabilities within mitochondria shows synergistic antiproliferative and antitumor effects. Developing tumor-selective, small molecule inhibitors of OXPHOS with a high therapeutic index is critical to fully exploiting the mitochondrial vulnerabilities. We and others developed small-molecule inhibitors containing triphenylphosphonium cation that potently inhibit OXPHOS in tumor cells and tissues. Factors affecting tumor cell vulnerabilities also impact immune cells in the TIME. Glycolytic tumor cells supply lactate to the tumor-suppressing regulatory T cells overexpressing MCTs. Therapeutic opportunities for targeting vulnerabilities in tumor cells and the TIME, as well as the implications on cancer health disparities and cancer treatment, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Marseille, France
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24
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Chan A, Willard A, Mulloy S, Ibrahim N, Sciaccotta A, Schonfeld M, Spencer SM. Metformin in nucleus accumbens core reduces cue-induced cocaine seeking in male and female rats. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13165. [PMID: 35470560 PMCID: PMC9285471 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential therapeutic effects of the FDA‐approved drug metformin on cue‐induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking. Metformin (dimethyl‐biguanide) is a first‐line treatment for type II diabetes that, among other mechanisms, is involved in the activation of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK). Cocaine self‐administration and extinction is associated with decreased levels of phosphorylated AMPK within the nucleus accumbens core (NAcore). Previously, it was shown that increasing AMPK activity in the NAcore decreased cue‐induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking. Decreasing AMPK activity produced the opposite effect. The goal of the present study was to determine if metformin in the NAcore reduces cue‐induced cocaine seeking in adult male and female Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were trained to self‐administer cocaine followed by extinction prior to cue‐induced reinstatement trials. Metformin microinjected in the NAcore attenuated cue‐induced reinstatement in male and female rats. Importantly, metformin's effects on cocaine seeking were not due to a general depression of spontaneous locomotor activity. In female rats, metformin's effects did generalize to a reduction in cue‐induced reinstatement of sucrose seeking. These data support a potential role for metformin as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine use disorder but warrant caution given the potential for metformin's effects to generalize to a natural reward in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Chan
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA
| | - Alexis Willard
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Sarah Mulloy
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Noor Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Allegra Sciaccotta
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Mark Schonfeld
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Sade M. Spencer
- Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
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25
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Ma B, Hao J, Xu H, Liu L, Wang W, Chen S, Wu H. Rutin promotes white adipose tissue "browning" and brown adipose tissue activation partially through the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β/AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Endocr J 2022; 69:385-397. [PMID: 34719526 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting white adipose tissue (WAT) "browning" and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation could contribute to increasing energy expenditure. We explored the mechanisms by which the natural compound rutin induced adipose tissue differentiation and ameliorated obesity in vivo and in vitro. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured in adipogenic differentiation media with/out rutin. Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 6) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks with/out rutin. In HFD-fed mice, rutin treatment significantly inhibited weight gain, improved the metabolic profile of plasma samples, decreased the weights of epididymal WAT (eWAT), inguina WAT (iWAT), and liver, and adipocyte size. Furthermore, rutin also increased the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp-1) and other thermogenic markers in the WAT and BAT. In 3T3-L1 cells, rutin effectively reduced the formation of lipid droplets, stimulated the expression of thermogenic markers, and reduced the expression of adipogenic genes. Additionally, rutin markedly upregulated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, and these effects were diminished by treatment with the AMPK inhibitor compound C (CC). Pretreatment with the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) inhibitor STO-609 blocked the induction of thermogenic markers in 3T3-L1 cells by rutin. Our results indicated that rutin increased energy consumption, induced WAT "browning" and BAT activation, and thus was a promising target for the development of new therapeutic approaches to improve adipose tissue energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Ma
- Graduate School, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jinhui Hao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Feiyang, 032200, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Hongmin Xu
- Graduate School, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Graduate School, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wendi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Feiyang, 032200, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Shizhang Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Feiyang, 032200, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- Science and Technology Center, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Feiyang, 032200, Shanxi, PR China
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26
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Kalyanaraman B. Exploiting the tumor immune microenvironment and immunometabolism using mitochondria-targeted drugs: Challenges and opportunities in racial disparity and cancer outcome research. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22226. [PMID: 35233843 PMCID: PMC9242412 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101862r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Black and Hispanic cancer patients have a higher incidence of cancer mortality. Many factors (e.g., socioeconomic differences, insufficient access to healthcare) contribute to racial disparity. Emerging research implicates biological disparity in cancer outcomes. Studies show distinct differences in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in Black cancer patients. Studies also have linked altered mitochondrial metabolism to changes in immune cell activation in TIME. Recent publications revealed a novel immunomodulatory role for triphenylphosphonium-based mitochondrial-targeted drugs (MTDs). These are synthetically modified, naturally occurring molecules (e.g., honokiol, magnolol, metformin) or FDA-approved small molecule drugs (e.g., atovaquone, hydroxyurea). Modifications involve conjugating the parent molecule via an alkyl linker chain to a triphenylphosphonium moiety. These modified molecules (e.g., Mito-honokiol, Mito-magnolol, Mito-metformin, Mito-atovaquone, Mito-hydroxyurea) accumulate in tumor cell mitochondria more effectively than in normal cells and inhibit mitochondrial respiration, induce reactive oxygen species, activate AMPK and redox transcription factors, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Besides these intrinsic effects of MTDs in redox signaling and proliferation in tumors, MTDs induced extrinsic effects in the TIME of mouse xenografts. MTD treatment inhibited tumor-suppressive immune cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells, and activated T cells and antitumor immune effects. One key biological disparity in Black cancer patients was related to altered mitochondrial oxidative metabolism; MTDs targeting vulnerabilities in tumor cells and the TIME may help us understand this biological disparity. Clinical trials should include an appropriate number of Black and Hispanic cancer patients and should validate the intratumoral, antihypoxic effects of MTDs with imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of BiophysicsMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Center for Disease Prevention ResearchMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
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27
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Gupta S, Singh V, Ganesh S, Singhal NK, Sandhir R. siRNA Mediated GSK3β Knockdown Targets Insulin Signaling Pathway and Rescues Alzheimer's Disease Pathology: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:69-93. [PMID: 34967205 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with dysfunctional insulin signaling and energy metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests impairments in brain insulin responsiveness, glucose utilization, and energy metabolism may be major causes of amyloid precursor protein mishandling. The support for this notion comes from the studies wherein streptozotocin (STZ) induced brain insulin resistance in rodent model resulted in sAD-like neuropathology with cognitive decline. Our previous study showed a compromised insulin signaling pathway, glucose uptake, glucose metabolism, and energy homeostasis in STZ-induced glial-neuronal coculture and in vivo model of sAD. Various components of insulin signaling pathway were examined to understand the metabolic correlation, and GSK3β was selected for gene knockdown strategy to reverse sAD pathology based on the data. In the present study, we have synthesized carboxylated graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets functionalized with PEG and subsequently with polyethylenimine (PEI) to provide attachment sites for GSK3β siRNA. Our results showed that siRNA mediated knockdown of the GSK3β gene reduced expression of amyloid pathway genes (APP and BACE1), which was further confirmed by reduced amyloid beta (Aβ) levels in the in vitro STZ-induced sAD model. GSK3β knockdown also restored insulin signaling, AMPK and Mapk3 pathway by restoring the expression of corresponding candidate genes in these pathways (IR, Glut1/3, Prkaa1/2, Mapk3, BDNF) that reflected improved cellular energy homeostasis, neuronal proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and repair. Behavioral data from Morris water maze (MWM), open field (OF), novel object recognition (NOR), Y maze, and radial arm maze (RAM) tests showed that 0.5 μg nanoformulation (GOc-PP-siRNAGSK3β) intranasally for 7 days improved spatial memory, rescued anxiety like behavior, improved visual and working memory, and rescued exploratory behavior in STZ-induced sAD rats. GSK3β silencing resulted in decreased BACE1 expression and prevented accumulation of Aβ in the cortex and hippocampus. These molecular findings with improved behavioral performances were further correlated with reduced amyloid beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangle (NFTs) formation in the cortex and hippocampus of GOc-PP-siRNAGSK3β administered sAD rats. Therefore, it is conceivable from the present study that nanoparticle-mediated targeting of GSK3β in the sAD appears to be a promising strategy to reverse sAD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Subramaniam Ganesh
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Nitin K Singhal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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28
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Ara A, Xu A, Ahmed KA, Leary SC, Islam MF, Wu Z, Chibbar R, Xiang J. The Energy Sensor AMPKα1 Is Critical in Rapamycin-Inhibition of mTORC1-S6K-Induced T-cell Memory. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:37. [PMID: 35008461 PMCID: PMC8744613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy sensors mTORC1 and AMPKα1 regulate T-cell metabolism and differentiation, while rapamycin (Rapa)-inhibition of mTORC1 (RIM) promotes T-cell memory. However, the underlying pathway and the role of AMPKα1 in Rapa-induced T-cell memory remain elusive. Using genetic and pharmaceutical tools, we demonstrate that Rapa promotes T-cell memory in mice in vivo post Listeria monocytogenesis rLmOVA infection and in vitro transition of effector T (TE) to memory T (TM) cells. IL-2- and IL-2+Rapa-stimulated T [IL-2/T and IL-2(Rapa+)/T] cells, when transferred into mice, differentiate into short-term IL-7R-CD62L-KLRG1+ TE and long-lived IL-7R+CD62L+KLRG1- TM cells, respectively. To assess the underlying pathways, we performed Western blotting, confocal microscopy and Seahorse-assay analyses using IL-2/T and IL-2(Rapa+)/T-cells. We determined that IL-2(Rapa+)/T-cells activate transcription FOXO1, TCF1 and Eomes and metabolic pAMPKα1(T172), pULK1(S555) and ATG7 molecules and promote mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty-acid oxidation (FAO). We found that rapamycin-treated AMPKα-deficient AMPKα1-KO IL-2(Rapa+)/TM cells up-regulate transcription factor HIF-1α and induce a metabolic switch from FAO to glycolysis. Interestingly, despite the rapamycin treatment, AMPKα-deficient TM cells lost their cell survival capacity. Taken together, our data indicate that rapamycin promotes T-cell memory via transcriptional FOXO1-TCF1-Eomes programs and AMPKα1-ULK1-ATG7 metabolic axis, and that AMPKα1 plays a critical role in RIM-induced T-cell memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjuman Ara
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, 20 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4H4, Canada; (A.A.); (A.X.); (M.F.I.); (Z.W.)
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Aizhang Xu
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, 20 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4H4, Canada; (A.A.); (A.X.); (M.F.I.); (Z.W.)
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada;
| | - Scot C. Leary
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada;
| | - Md. Fahmid Islam
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, 20 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4H4, Canada; (A.A.); (A.X.); (M.F.I.); (Z.W.)
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Zhaojia Wu
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, 20 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4H4, Canada; (A.A.); (A.X.); (M.F.I.); (Z.W.)
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Rajni Chibbar
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada;
| | - Jim Xiang
- Cancer Research Cluster, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, 20 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4H4, Canada; (A.A.); (A.X.); (M.F.I.); (Z.W.)
- Division of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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Saha S, Zhang Y, Wilson B, Abounader R, Dutta A. The tumor-suppressive long noncoding RNA DRAIC inhibits protein translation and induces autophagy by activating AMPK. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs259306. [PMID: 34746949 PMCID: PMC8729785 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are long RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins and have been shown to play a major role in cellular processes through diverse mechanisms. DRAIC, a lncRNA that is downregulated in castration-resistant advanced prostate cancer, inhibits the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting the IκBα kinase. Decreased DRAIC expression predicted poor patient outcome in gliomas and seven other cancers. We now report that DRAIC suppresses invasion, migration, colony formation and xenograft growth of glioblastoma-derived cell lines. DRAIC activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by downregulating the NF-κB target gene GLUT1, and thus represses mTOR, leading to downstream effects, such as a decrease in protein translation and increase in autophagy. DRAIC, therefore, has an effect on multiple signal transduction pathways that are important for oncogenesis, namely, the NF-κB pathway and AMPK-mTOR-S6K/ULK1 pathway. The regulation of NF-κB, protein translation and autophagy by the same lncRNA explains the tumor-suppressive role of DRAIC in different cancers and reinforces the importance of lncRNAs as emerging regulators of signal transduction pathways. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar Saha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Briana Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Roger Abounader
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Anindya Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
- Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, USA
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30
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Kamyshnyi O, Matskevych V, Lenchuk T, Strilbytska O, Storey K, Lushchak O. Metformin to decrease COVID-19 severity and mortality: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112230. [PMID: 34628168 PMCID: PMC8492612 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a serious challenge for medicine and science. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms associated with the clinical manifestations and severity of COVID-19 has identified several key points of immune dysregulation observed in SARS-CoV-2 infection. For diabetic patients, factors including higher binding affinity and virus penetration, decreased virus clearance and decreased T cell function, increased susceptibility to hyperinflammation, and cytokine storm may make these patients susceptible to a more severe course of COVID-19 disease. Metabolic changes induced by diabetes, especially hyperglycemia, can directly affect the immunometabolism of lymphocytes in part by affecting the activity of the mTOR protein kinase signaling pathway. High mTOR activity can enhance the progression of diabetes due to the activation of effector proinflammatory subpopulations of lymphocytes and, conversely, low activity promotes the differentiation of T-regulatory cells. Interestingly, metformin, an extensively used antidiabetic drug, inhibits mTOR by affecting the activity of AMPK. Therefore, activation of AMPK and/or inhibition of the mTOR-mediated signaling pathway may be an important new target for drug therapy in COVID-19 cases mostly by reducing the level of pro-inflammatory signaling and cytokine storm. These suggestions have been partially confirmed by several retrospective analyzes of patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized for severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olexandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Victoriya Matskevych
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Lenchuk
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Olha Strilbytska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Kenneth Storey
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine; Research and Development University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
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31
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Liu G, Zheng J, Gu K, Wu C, Jia G, Zhao H, Chen X, Wang J. Calcium-sensing receptor protects intestinal integrity and alleviates the inflammatory response via the Rac1/PLCγ1 signaling pathway. Anim Biotechnol 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34762003 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1998090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) can protect intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and decrease inflammatory response mediated by the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1)/phospholipase Cγ1 (PLC-γ1) signaling pathway. IPEC-J2 monolayers were treated without or with TNF-α in the absence or presence of CaSR antagonist (NPS 2143), CaSR overexpression, and Rac1 silencing, PLCγ1 silencing or spermine. Results showed that spermine increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), tight junction protein levels, the protein concentration of Rac1/PLC-γ1 signaling pathway, and decreased paracellular permeability in the presence of TNF-α. NPS2143 inhibited spermine-induced change in above-mentioned parameters. CaSR overexpression increased TER, the levels of tight junction proteins and the protein concentration of CaSR, phosphorylated PLCγ1, Rac1, and IP3, and decreased paracellular permeability and contents of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and TNF-α after TNF-α challenge. Rac1 and PLCγ1 silencing inhibited CaSR-induced increase in barrier function and the protein concentration of phosphorylated PLCγ1, Rac1, and IP3, and decrease in contents of IL-8 and TNF-α after TNF-α challenge. These results suggest that CaSR activation protects intestinal integrity and alleviates the inflammatory response by activating Rac1 and PLCγ1 signaling after TNF-α challenge, and spermine can maintain barrier function via CaSR/Rac1/PLC-γ1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Gu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Jia
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Two Newly Introduced Wolbachia Endosymbionts Induce Cell Host Differences in Competitiveness and Metabolic Responses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0147921. [PMID: 34495683 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01479-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia endosymbionts can induce multiple reproductive manipulations in their hosts, with cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) being one of the most common manipulations. Two important agricultural pests, the white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera) and the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), are usually infected with CI-inducing Wolbachia strain wFur and non-CI-inducing Wolbachia strain wLug, respectively. The biological effects of these infections when present in a host cell are unknown. Here, we introduced the two Wolbachia strains into an Aedes albopictus cell line to stably establish a wFur-infected cell line (WFI) and a wLug-infected cell line (WLI). In a mixed culture, WFI cells were completely replaced by WLI cells, pointing to a stronger competitiveness of the WLI cell line. We found that infection by both Wolbachia strains reduced cell growth rates, but WLI had a higher cell growth rate than WFI, and this difference in cell growth rate combined with possible Wolbachia differences in diffusivity may have affected cell competitiveness. By examining gene expression and metabolites in the two lines, we found that some genes and key metabolites responded to differences in cell competitiveness. These results point to potential mechanisms that could contribute to the relative performance of hosts infected by these strains and also highlight the substantial impact of a non-CI Wolbachia on metabolism, which may in turn influence the fitness of its native host. IMPORTANCE Wolbachia transinfection in insects can be used to suppress pests and block virus transmission. We stably introduced two Wolbachia strains from rice planthoppers into cell lines of an important arbovirus mosquito vector, Aedes albopictus. The levels of competitiveness of host cells from the lines infected by the two Wolbachia strains were different, as were metabolic responses of the cell lines. These results suggest potential metabolic effects of Wolbachia on native hosts that could be exploited when they are transinfected into novel hosts for pest control.
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17β-Estradiol Abrogates Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation after Cortical Stab Wound Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111682. [PMID: 34829553 PMCID: PMC8615181 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in brain energy metabolism, oxidative damage, and neuroinflammation are commonly seen in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Microglial activation is the hallmark of neuroinflammation. After brain injury, microglia also act as a double-edged sword with distinctive phenotypic changes. Therefore, therapeutic applications to potentiate microglia towards pro-inflammatory response following brain injury have become the focus of attention in recent years. Here, in the current study, we investigated the hypothesis that 17β-estradiol could rescue the mouse brain against apoptotic cell death and neurodegeneration by suppressing deleterious proinflammatory response probably by abrogating metabolic stress and oxidative damage after brain injury. Male C57BL/6N mice were used to establish a cortical stab wound injury (SWI) model. Immediately after brain injury, the mice were treated with 17β-estradiol (10 mg/kg, once every day via i.p. injection) for one week. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to examine the cortical and hippocampal brain regions. For the evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), we used specific kits. Our findings revealed that 17β-estradiol treatment significantly alleviated SWI-induced energy dyshomeostasis and oxidative stress by increasing the activity of phospho-AMPK (Thr172) and by regulating the expression of an antioxidant gene (Nrf2) and cytoprotective enzymes (HO-1 and GSH) to mitigate ROS. Importantly, 17β-estradiol treatment downregulated gliosis and proinflammatory markers (iNOS and CD64) while significantly augmenting an anti-inflammatory response as evidenced by the robust expression of TGF-β and IGF-1 after brain injury. The treatment with 17β-estradiol also reduced inflammatory mediators (Tnf-α, IL-1β, and COX-2) in the injured mouse. Moreover, 17β-estradiol administration rescued p53-associated apoptotic cell death in the SWI model by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) and caspase-3 activation. Finally, SWI + 17β-estradiol-treated mice illustrated reduced brain lesion volume and enhanced neurotrophic effect and the expression of synaptic proteins. These findings suggest that 17β-estradiol is an effective therapy against the brain secondary injury-induced pathological cascade following trauma, although further studies may be conducted to explore the exact mechanisms.
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Yu H, Huang Y, Ge Y, Hong X, Lin X, Tang K, Wang Q, Yang Y, Sun W, Huang Y, Luo H. Selenite-induced ROS/AMPK/FoxO3a/GABARAPL-1 signaling pathway modulates autophagy that antagonize apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:35. [PMID: 35201430 PMCID: PMC8777540 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that selenium possessed chemotherapeutic effect against multiple malignant cancers, inducing diverse stress responses including apoptosis and autophagy. Selenite was previously shown to induce apoptosis and autophagy in colorectal cancer cells. However, the relationship between selenite-induced apoptosis and autophagy was not fully understood. Our results revealed a pro-survival role of selenite-induced autophagy against apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Real-time PCR array of autophagy-related genes showed that GABARAPL-1 was significantly upregulated in colorectal cancer cells, which was confirmed by western blot and immunofluorescence results. Knockdown of GABARAPL-1 significantly inhibited selenite-induced autophagy and enhanced apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that selenite-induced upregulation of GABARAPL-1 was caused by upregulated p-AMPK and FoxO3a level. Their interaction was correlated with involved in regulation of GABARAPL-1. We observed that activation and inhibition of AMPK influenced both autophagy and apoptosis level via FoxO3a/ GABARAPL-1 signaling, implying the pro-survival role of autophagy against apoptosis. Importantly, we corroborated these findings in a colorectal cancer xenograft animal model with immunohistochemistry and western blot results. Collectively, these results show that sodium selenite could induce ROS/AMPK/FoxO3a/GABARAPL-1-mediated autophagy and downregulate apoptosis in both colorectal cancer cells and colon xenograft model. These findings help to explore sodium selenite as a potential anti-cancer drug in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.52 of Meihua Dong Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanming Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaopeng Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.52 of Meihua Dong Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kexin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.52 of Meihua Dong Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Green Aerotechnics Research Institute of Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.52 of Meihua Dong Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongquan Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.52 of Meihua Dong Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Hui Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.52 of Meihua Dong Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China.
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Grimbert L, Sanz MN, Gressette M, Rucker-Martin C, Novotova M, Solgadi A, Karoui A, Gomez S, Bedouet K, Jacquet E, Lemaire C, Veksler V, Mericskay M, Ventura-Clapier R, Piquereau J, Garnier A. Spatiotemporal AMPKα2 deletion in mice induces cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis and cardiolipin remodeling associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in males only. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:52. [PMID: 34535195 PMCID: PMC8447586 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a major regulator of cellular energetics which plays key role in acute metabolic response and in long-term adaptation to stress. Recent works have also suggested non-metabolic effects. Methods To decipher AMPK roles in the heart, we generated a cardio-specific inducible model of gene deletion of the main cardiac catalytic subunit of AMPK (Ampkα2) in mice. This allowed us to avoid the eventual impact of AMPK-KO in peripheral organs. Results Cardio-specific Ampkα2 deficiency led to a progressive left ventricular systolic dysfunction and the development of cardiac fibrosis in males. We observed a reduction in complex I-driven respiration without change in mitochondrial mass or in vitro complex I activity, associated with a rearrangement of the cardiolipins and reduced integration of complex I into the electron transport chain supercomplexes. Strikingly, none of these defects were present in females. Interestingly, suppression of estradiol signaling by ovariectomy partially mimicked the male sensitivity to AMPK loss, notably the cardiac fibrosis and the rearrangement of cardiolipins, but not the cardiac function that remained protected. Conclusion Our results confirm the close link between AMPK and cardiac mitochondrial function, but also highlight links with cardiac fibrosis. Importantly, we show that AMPK is differently involved in these processes in males and females, which may have clinical implications for the use of AMPK activators in the treatment of heart failure. AMPK is a metabolic sensor of cellular energy which regulates energy homeostasis. We generated a cardiac-specific inducible deletion of Ampkα2 and demonstrated that this deletion induces mild cardiac dysfunction in male only. Cardiac dysfunction observed in males was associated with cardiac fibrosis and cardiac cardiolipin remodeling that are not seen in females. Although no significant cardiac function alteration was noticed in ovariectomized female Ampkα2ciKO mice, these latter exhibited cardiac fibrosis and mild cardiolipins remodeling. Our results show a higher dependence on AMPK signaling fibrosis and cardiolipin biosynthesis/maturation in males, either due to the absence of female hormones protection or/and to the action of male hormones. This may contribute to the known difference in cardiovascular risk and outcome between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Grimbert
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Maria-Nieves Sanz
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Mélanie Gressette
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Catherine Rucker-Martin
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Hypertension Artérielle Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, 92350, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Marta Novotova
- Department of Cellular Cardiology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Audrey Solgadi
- Service d'Analyse des Médicaments et Métabolites, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paris Saclay d'Innovation Thérapeutique, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ahmed Karoui
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Susana Gomez
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Kaveen Bedouet
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Eric Jacquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christophe Lemaire
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France.,Université Versailles St-Quentin, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR-S 1180, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Vladimir Veksler
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Renée Ventura-Clapier
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jérôme Piquereau
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Anne Garnier
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR-S1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Lamberigts C, Wang Y, Dierckx T, Buys N, Everaert N, Buyse J. The influence of thyroid state on hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase pathways in broilers. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 311:113838. [PMID: 34181935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether there are important interactions in play in broilers between thyroid hormones and the central regulation of energy homeostasis through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), we induced a functional hyperthyroid and hypothyroid state in broiler chicks, and quantified systemic and hypothalamic AMPK related gene expression and related protein. Thyroid state was manipulated through dietary supplementation of triiodothyronine (T3) or methimazole (MMI) for 7 days. A hypothalamic AMPK suppressor, 0.1% α-lipoic acid (α-LA) was used to assess the effects of the T3 and MMI feed formulations on the AMPK pathways. Feed intake and body weight were reduced in both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid conditions. In hyperthyroid conditions (T3 supplementation) expression of the AMPKα1 subunit increased, while in hypothyroid conditions (MMI supplementation) active phosphorylated AMPK levels in the hypothalamus dropped, but gene expression of the AMPKα1 and α2 subunit increased. For FAS and ACC (involved in fatty acid metabolism), and CRH, TRH and CNR1 (anorexigenic neuropeptides stimulating energy expenditure) there were indications that their regulation in response to thyroid state might be modulated through AMPK pathways. Our results indicate that the expression of hypothalamic AMPK as well as that of several other genes from AMPK pathways are involved in thyroid-hormone-induced changes in appetite, albeit differently according to thyroid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lamberigts
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y Wang
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Dierckx
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 1030, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Buys
- Laboratory of Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory, Teaching and Research Centre (TERRA), Gembloux AgroBioTech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - J Buyse
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Wang L, Tian Y, Shang Z, Zhang B, Hua X, Yuan X. Metformin attenuates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lens epithelial cells through the AMPK/TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. Exp Eye Res 2021; 212:108763. [PMID: 34517004 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common ocular fibrosis disease related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). However, safe and effective drugs that prevent or treat PCO are lacking. Metformin (Mtf) has been used to treat fibrosis-related diseases affecting many organs and tissues, but its effect on ocular fibrosis-related diseases is unclear. We investigated whether Mtf can inhibit EMT and fibrosis in HLECs to prevent and treat PCO and elucidated the potential molecular mechanism. Here, we established an HLEC model of TGF-β-induced EMT and found that 400 μM Mtf inhibited vertical and lateral migration and EMT-related gene and protein expression in HLECs. Smad2/3 are downstream molecules of TGF-β that enter the nucleus to regulate EMT-related gene expression during the occurrence and development of PCO. We revealed that Mtf suppressed TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Mtf induces AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. In this study, we found that Mtf induced the activation of AMPK phosphorylation in HLECs. To further explore the mechanism of Mtf, we pretreated HLECs with Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) to repeat the above experiments and found that Compound C abolished the inhibitory effect of Mtf on HLEC EMT and the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. Thus, Mtf targets AMPK phosphorylation to inhibit the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway and prevent HLEC EMT. Notably, we first illustrated the AMPK/TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway in HLECs, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy for PCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xia Hua
- Tianjin Aier Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300191, China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, 410000, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Yuan
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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Ogorevc M, Strikic A, Tomas SZ. Determining the immunohistochemical expression of GLUT1 in renal cell carcinoma using the HSCORE method. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:79. [PMID: 34429965 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) between the most common histological types of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and to determine whether a correlation between GLUT1 expression and nuclear grade or tumor size exists. A total of 19 RCC samples were selected for the study, consisting of 8 clear cell (cc)RCC and 11 non-ccRCC tissues. Immunohistochemistry for GLUT1 was performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections using GLUT1 antibodies. All data analyses were performed using the MedCalc software. There was a higher immunohistochemical expression of GLUT1 in the ccRCC group compared with the non-cc group, but there was no difference in GLUT1 expression between groups of RCCs with differing nuclear grades. No significant correlation between GLUT1 expression and tumor size was found. The higher immunohistochemical expression of GLUT1 in ccRCC may be a contributing factor to the clinical characteristics and behavior of that group of carcinomas. These results suggest that GLUT1 expression cannot be used as a prognostic factor for RCC, but it may be used as a predictive factor in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Ogorevc
- School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ante Strikic
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Sandra Zekic Tomas
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Herrera-Balandrano DD, Chai Z, Hutabarat RP, Beta T, Feng J, Ma K, Li D, Huang W. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of blueberry anthocyanins by AMPK activation: In vitro and in vivo studies. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102100. [PMID: 34416477 PMCID: PMC8379492 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Blueberries are rich in bioactive anthocyanins, with a high level of malvidin, which is associated with antioxidant benefits that contribute to reducing the risk of diabetes. The objective of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of blueberry anthocyanin extract (BAE), malvidin (Mv), malvidin-3-glucoside (Mv-3-glc), and malvidin-3-galactoside (Mv-3-gal) in both human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 and in a high-fat diet combining streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. High glucose treatment significantly increased hepatic oxidative stress up to 6-fold and decreased HepG2 cell viability. Pretreatment with BAE, Mv, Mv-3-glc and Mlv-3-gal significantly mitigated these damages by lowering the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 87, 80, 76, and 91%, and increasing cell viability by 88, 79, 73, and 98%, respectively. These pretreatments also effectively inhibited hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, respectively by reducing the expression levels of enzymes participating in gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis and enhancing those involved in glycogenolysis and lipolysis, via adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in HepG2 cells. To determinate the role of AMPK in BAE-induced reaction of glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo, doses of 100 mg/kg (blueberry anthocyanin extracts – low concentration, BAE-L) and 400 mg/kg (blueberry anthocyanin extracts – high concentration, BAE-H) were administrated per day to diabetic mice for 5 weeks. BAE treatments had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on body weight and increased the AMPK activity, achieving the decrease of blood- and urine-glucose, as well as triglyceride and total cholesterol. This research suggested that anthocyanins contributed to the blueberry extract-induced hypoglycemia and hypolipidemia effects in diabetes and BAE could be a promising functional food or medicine for diabetes treatment. BAE showed hypoglycemic effect on HepG2 and STZ-induced diabetic mice. BAE exhibited hypolipidemic effect on HepG2 and STZ-induced diabetic mice. BAE inhibited PEPCK and G6Pase expression. BAE activated AMPK and decreased the expressions of PGC-1α and FOXO1. BAE could be a potential functional food or nutraceutical for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D Herrera-Balandrano
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Zhi Chai
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Ruth P Hutabarat
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Trust Beta
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jin Feng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Kaiyang Ma
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Dajing Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China.
| | - Wuyang Huang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
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Metabolic impacts of cordycepin on hepatic proteomic expression in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256140. [PMID: 34388207 PMCID: PMC8363009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with abnormal liver function, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Cordycepin improves hepatic metabolic pathways leading to recovery from liver damage. We investigated the effects of cordycepin in streptozotocin-induced T1DM mice via the expression of liver proteins. Twenty-four mice were divided into four equal groups: normal (N), normal mice treated with cordycepin (N+COR), diabetic mice (DM), and diabetic mice treated with cordycepin (DM+COR). Mice in each treatment group were intraperitoneally injection of cordycepin at dose 24 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. Body weight, blood glucose, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates were measured. Liver tissue protein profiling was performed using shotgun proteomics, while protein function and protein-protein interaction were predicted using PANTHER and STITCH v.5.0 software, respectively. No significant difference was observed in fasting blood glucose levels between DM and DM+COR for all time intervals. However, a significant decrease in final body weight, food intake, and water intake in DM+COR was found. Hepatic oxaloacetate and citrate levels were significantly increased in DM+COR compared to DM. Furthermore, 11 and 36 proteins were only expressed by the N+COR and DM+COR groups, respectively. Three unique proteins in DM+COR, namely, Nfat3, Flcn, and Psma3 were correlated with the production of ATP, AMPK signaling pathway, and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), respectively. Interestingly, a protein detected in N+COR and DM+COR (Gli3) was linked with the insulin signaling pathway. In conclusion, cordycepin might help in preventing hepatic metabolism by regulating the expression of energy-related protein and UPS to maintain cell survival. Further work on predicting the performance of metabolic mechanisms regarding the therapeutic applications of cordycepin will be performed in future.
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Liu X, Liu L, Wang J, Cui H, Zhao G, Wen J. FOSL2 Is Involved in the Regulation of Glycogen Content in Chicken Breast Muscle Tissue. Front Physiol 2021; 12:682441. [PMID: 34295261 PMCID: PMC8290175 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.682441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The glycogen content in muscle of livestock and poultry animals affects the homeostasis of their body, growth performance, and meat quality after slaughter. FOS-like 2, AP-1 transcription factor subunit (FOSL2) was identified as a candidate gene related to muscle glycogen (MG) content in chicken in our previous study, but the role of FOSL2 in the regulation of MG content remains to be elucidated. Differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in breast muscle tissues from the high-MG-content (HMG) group and low-MG-content (LMG) group of Jingxing yellow chickens. Analysis of the 1,171 DEGs (LMG vs. HMG) identified, besides FOSL2, some additional genes related to MG metabolism pathway, namely PRKAG3, CEBPB, FOXO1, AMPK, and PIK3CB. Additionally, WGCNA revealed that FOSL2, CEBPB, MAP3K14, SLC2A14, PPP2CA, SLC38A2, PPP2R5E, and other genes related to the classical glycogen metabolism in the same coexpressed module are associated with MG content. Also, besides finding that FOSL2 expression is negatively correlated with MG content, a possible interaction between FOSL2 and CEBPB was predicted using the STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes) database. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of lentiviral overexpression of FOSL2 on the regulation of the glycogen content in vitro, and the result indicated that FOSL2 decreases the glycogen content in DF1 cells. Collectively, our results confirm that FOSL2 has a key role in the regulation of the MG content in chicken. This finding is helpful to understand the mechanism of MG metabolism regulation in chicken and provides a new perspective for the production of high-quality broiler and the development of a comprehensive nutritional control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Pei J, Xu Y, Zong S, Ren L. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Data Reveal the Key Metabolic Pathways Affecting Streltzoviella insularis (Staudinger) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) Larvae During Overwintering. Front Physiol 2021; 12:655059. [PMID: 34220530 PMCID: PMC8250450 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.655059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Streltzoviella insularis (Staudinger) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is a woodboring insect feeding on Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Sophora japonica, and Ginkgo biloba, as well as many other species used for urban greening and plain afforestation in northern China, including the temperate north. There is also a risk that S. insularis could spread through the transportation of seedlings, thereby increasing urban greening costs. However, how S. insularis increases the cold tolerance then reduces it to survive winter temperature below 0°C remains unclear. In the transcriptomic of S. insularis, we identified three profiles (profile 25, 27, and 13) whose trends related to the cold tolerance. We detected 1,783 differentially expressed genes (in profile 25) and identified 522 genes enriched in the AMPK signaling pathway. The metabolome analysis identified 122 differential metabolites. We identified four co-pathways, among which "Glycerophospholipid metabolism" was the pathway most enriched in differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites. The AMPK signaling and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways play key roles in the natural overwintering physiological process of S. insularis larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shixiang Zong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Zheng Y, Choi YH, Lee JH, Lee SY, Kang IJ. Anti-Obesity Effect of Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Extract Containing Phenolic Acids. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061266. [PMID: 34199426 PMCID: PMC8228698 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. water extract (EAW) was investigated for its anti-obesity effects in C57BL/6J mice on a high-fat diet. Mice were divided into groups fed normal and high-fat diets (ND and HFD, respectively), and HFD mice were treated with EAW (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Inhibition of HFD-induced obesity by EAW was evaluated using biochemical parameters, immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and immunoblot assay. EAW supplementation significantly diminished the final body weight, adipose tissue size, and epididymal adipose tissue volume compared with mice with obesity induced by HFD (p < 0.05 for all). EAW also decreased serum triglyceride (TG) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) levels in obese mice. EAW attenuated HFD-induced obesity by down-regulating C/EBPα, PPARγ, and SREBP-1c to suppress adipogenesis. Moreover, this study indicated that EAW activates the AMPK pathway and increases ACC phosphorylation and downstream CPT1 expression in HFD-induced obese mice. Furthermore, several phenolic acids with anti-obesity properties have been identified in EAW, including quinic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Based on these data, EAW has anti-obesity effects in vivo, which indicates that it is an excellent candidate for the development of anti-obesity functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.Z.); (J.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Yoon-Hee Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym Polytechnic University, Chuncheon 24210, Korea;
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.Z.); (J.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.Z.); (J.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Il-Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.Z.); (J.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2135; Fax: +82-33-256-3420
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Marino A, Hausenloy DJ, Andreadou I, Horman S, Bertrand L, Beauloye C. AMP-activated protein kinase: A remarkable contributor to preserve a healthy heart against ROS injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:238-254. [PMID: 33675956 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Left ventricle remodeling, fibrosis, and ischemia/reperfusion injury all contribute to the deterioration of cardiac function and predispose to the onset of heart failure. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the universally recognized energy sensor which responds to low ATP levels and restores cellular metabolism. AMPK activation controls numerous cellular processes and, in the heart, it plays a pivotal role in preventing onset and progression of disease. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, known as oxidative stress, can activate AMPK, conferring an additional role of AMPK as a redox-sensor. In this review, we discuss recent insights into the crosstalk between ROS and AMPK. We describe the molecular mechanisms by which ROS activate AMPK and how AMPK signaling can further prevent heart failure progression. Ultimately, we review the potential therapeutic approaches to target AMPK for the treatment of cardiovascular disease and prevention of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Marino
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Division of Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
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Zhang L, Fu M, Chen J, Fan B, Cao L, Sun Y, Li L, Li S, Lu C, Wang F. Supplementation with embryo chicken egg extract improves exercise performance and exerts anti-fatigue effects via AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1411-1418. [PMID: 32835411 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryo chicken egg is a nutritional supplement that has been used to enhance physical fitness and promote wound healing according to traditional Chinese medicine for many years. In this study, we evaluated the effects of embryo chicken egg extract (ECE) on the exercise performance and fatigue in mice and the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The results indicated that ECE can prolong the exhaustive swimming time, decrease lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen, creatine kinase, and malondialdehyde levels, and increase superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glycogen levels. Additionally, ECE can also regulate the balance of oxidative stress via the adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signalling pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results showed that ECE can improve exercise performance and reduce physical fatigue in mice, which indicates that ECE can be used as a potential supplement to reduce physical fatigue. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jilan Chen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Quan H, Yin M, Kim J, Jang EA, Yang SH, Bae HB, Jeong S. Resveratrol suppresses the reprogramming of macrophages into an endotoxin-tolerant state through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 899:173993. [PMID: 33675782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol has been reported to have beneficial effects on sepsis by regulating the inflammatory response. However, it remains unclear if resveratrol plays a role in the development of endotoxin tolerance. Treatment with resveratrol in macrophages stimulated with primary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in the increased production of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by a 2nd dose of LPS (by 74.5 ± 12.9% and 63.4 ± 12%, respectively, compared to untreated cells, P < 0.05). This effect was inhibited by compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, and STO609, a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-kinase (CaMKK) inhibitor. Resveratrol diminished the expression of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase M (IRAK-M) and Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing inositol-5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) by prolonging the exposure of cells to LPS (by 60.8 ± 16.3% and 70.3 ± 18.1%, respectively, compared to LPS only). The effect of resveratrol on the LPS-induced expression of IRAK-M and SHIP1 was inhibited by compound C or STO609. After a 2nd dose of LPS, resveratrol increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK in endotoxin tolerant macrophages. In vivo systemic administration of resveratrol prevented a significant increase in mortality rate by cecal ligation and puncture in LPS-induced endotoxin-tolerant mice. These results indicate that resveratrol induces AMPK activation through the Ca2+/CaMKKβ pathway and suppresses the development of endotoxin tolerance by inhibiting LPS-induced expression of IRAK-M and SHIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Quan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mei Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; The Brain Korea 21 Project, Center for Biomedical Human Resources at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Joungmin Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eun-A Jang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Si-Ho Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hong-Beom Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; The Brain Korea 21 Project, Center for Biomedical Human Resources at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanamdo, South Korea.
| | - Seongtae Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanamdo, South Korea.
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Jing XP, Wang WJ, Degen AA, Guo YM, Kang JP, Liu PP, Ding LM, Shang ZH, Zhou JW, Long RJ. Energy substrate metabolism in skeletal muscle and liver when consuming diets of different energy levels: comparison between Tibetan and Small-tailed Han sheep. Animal 2021; 15:100162. [PMID: 33485829 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy intake of Tibetan sheep on the harsh Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) varies greatly with seasonal forage fluctuations and is often below maintenance requirements, especially during the long, cold winter. The liver plays a crucial role in gluconeogenesis and skeletal muscle is the primary tissue of energy expenditure in mammals. Both play important roles in energy substrate metabolism and regulating energy metabolism homeostasis of the body. This study aimed to gain insight into how skeletal muscle and liver of Tibetan sheep regulate energy substrate metabolism to cope with low energy intake under the harsh environment of the QTP. Tibetan sheep (n = 24; 48.5 ± 1.89 kg BW) were compared with Small-tailed Han sheep (n = 24; 49.2 ± 2.21 kg BW), which were allocated randomly into one of four groups that differed in dietary digestible energy densities: 8.21, 9.33, 10.45 and 11.57 MJ /kg DM. The sheep were slaughtered after a 49-d feeding period, skeletal muscle and liver tissues were collected and measurements were made of the activities of the key enzymes of energy substrate metabolism and the expressions of genes related to energy homeostasis regulation. Compared with Small-tailed Han sheep, Tibetan sheep exhibited higher capacities of propionate to glucose conversion and fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in the liver, higher glucose utilization efficiency in both skeletal muscle and liver, but lower activities of fatty acid oxidation and protein mobilization in skeletal muscle, especially when in negative energy balance. However, the Small-tailed Han sheep exhibited higher capacities to convert amino acids and lactate to glucose and higher levels of glycolysis and lipogenesis in the liver than Tibetan sheep. These differences in gluconeogenesis and energy substrate metabolism conferred the Tibetan sheep an advantage over Small-tailed Han sheep to cope with low energy intake and regulate whole-body energy homeostasis under the harsh environment of the QTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - W J Wang
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - A A Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of Negev, Beer Sheva 8410500, Israel
| | - Y M Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - J P Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - P P Liu
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L M Ding
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Z H Shang
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J W Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - R J Long
- International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Novikova DS, Grigoreva TA, Ivanov GS, Melino G, Barlev NA, Tribulovich VG. Activating Effect of 3‐Benzylidene Oxindoles on AMPK: From Computer Simulation to High‐Content Screening. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2521-2529. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daria S. Novikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) Moskovskii pr. 26 190013 Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Tatyana A. Grigoreva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) Moskovskii pr. 26 190013 Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Gleb S. Ivanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) Moskovskii pr. 26 190013 Saint Petersburg Russia
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression Institute of Cytology RAS Tikhoretskii pr. 4 194064 Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery University of Rome Tor Vergata Via Montpellier 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Nickolai A. Barlev
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression Institute of Cytology RAS Tikhoretskii pr. 4 194064 Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Vyacheslav G. Tribulovich
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) Moskovskii pr. 26 190013 Saint Petersburg Russia
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Qin G, Xu D, Lou B, Chen R, Wang L, Tan P. iTRAQ-based quantitative phosphoproteomics provides insights into the metabolic and physiological responses of a carnivorous marine fish (Nibea albiflora) fed a linseed oil-rich diet. J Proteomics 2020; 228:103917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Cappellini F, Reiner Ž, Zorzan D, Imran M, Sener B, Kilic M, El-Shazly M, Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, Martorell M, Tonelli C, Petroni K, Docea AO, Calina D, Maroyi A. The Therapeutic Potential of Anthocyanins: Current Approaches Based on Their Molecular Mechanism of Action. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1300. [PMID: 32982731 PMCID: PMC7479177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural phenolic pigments with biological activity. They are well-known to have potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity, which explains the various biological effects reported for these substances suggesting their antidiabetic and anticancer activities, and their role in cardiovascular and neuroprotective prevention. This review aims to comprehensively analyze different studies performed on this class of compounds, their bioavailability and their therapeutic potential. An in-depth look in preclinical, in vitro and in vivo, and clinical studies indicates the preventive effects of anthocyanins on cardioprotection, neuroprotection, antiobesity as well as their antidiabetes and anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Debora Zorzan
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bilge Sener
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Kilic
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran M. Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Chiara Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Katia Petroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Alfred Maroyi
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
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