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Bigaj-Józefowska MJ, Zalewski T, Załęski K, Coy E, Frankowski M, Mrówczyński R, Grześkowiak BF. Three musketeers of PDA-based MRI contrasting and therapy. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 52:321-333. [PMID: 38795050 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2024.2356773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Polydopamine (PDA) stands as a versatile material explored in cancer nanomedicine for its unique properties, offering opportunities for multifunctional drug delivery platforms. This study explores the potential of utilizing a one-pot synthesis to concurrently integrate Fe, Gd and Mn ions into porous PDA-based theranostic drug delivery platforms called Ferritis, Gadolinis and Manganis, respectively. Our investigation spans the morphology, magnetic properties, photothermal characteristics and cytotoxicity profiles of those potent nanoformulations. The obtained structures showcase a spherical morphology, robust magnetic response and promising photothermal behaviour. All of the presented nanoparticles (NPs) display pronounced paramagnetism, revealing contrasting potential for MRI imaging. Relaxivity values, a key determinant of contrast efficacy, demonstrated competitive or superior performance compared to established, used contrasting agents. These nanoformulations also exhibited robust photothermal properties under near infra-red irradiation, showcasing their possible application for photothermal therapy of cancer. Our findings provide insights into the potential of metal-doped PDA NPs for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomasz Zalewski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karol Załęski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Frankowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Radosław Mrówczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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2
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Kaur J, Sridharr M. Key Insights on the Classification and Theranostic Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300521. [PMID: 38246874 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive molecular imaging tool being extensively employed in clinical and biomedical research for the detection of a broad spectrum of diseases. This technique offers remarkable spatial resolution, good tissue penetration and a high soft tissue contrast. Contrast agents (CAs) have been regularly used in MRI tests to enhance the resolution of MR images and to visualize the diseased sites in the body. In the past years, considerable efforts have been devoted towards developing new theranostic MRI agents that can be tailored to integrate the targeting and therapeutic functions in a single agent. In this review, we have underlined the role of the MRI CAs in the developing field of 'theranostics' and their recent applications in the combined imaging and therapy of different types of tumors. In addition, this review also outlines the different categories of MRI CAs and their comprehensive classification based on different criteria such as chemical composition, relaxation mechanism and biodistribution with clinically relevant examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasleen Kaur
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, Sector-125, Amity University, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manasvini Sridharr
- LMU Biocenter, Martinsreid, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, München, Germany
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3
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Kaur G, Khanna B, Yusuf M, Sharma A, Khajuria A, Alajangi HK, Jaiswal PK, Sachdeva M, Barnwal RP, Singh G. A Path of Novelty from Nanoparticles to Nanobots: Theragnostic Approach for Targeting Cancer Therapy. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2024; 41:1-38. [PMID: 38305340 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023046674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical development of cancer therapeutics is a dynamic area of research. Even after decades of intensive work, cancer continues to be a dreadful disease with an ever-increasing global incidence. The progress of nanotechnology in cancer research has overcome inherent limitations in conventional cancer chemotherapy and fulfilled the need for target-specific drug carriers. Nanotechnology uses the altered patho-physiological microenvironment of malignant cells and offers various advantages like improved solubility, reduced toxicity, prolonged drug circulation with controlled release, circumventing multidrug resistance, and enhanced biodistribution. Early cancer detection has a crucial role in selecting the best drug regime, thus, diagnosis and therapeutics go hand in hand. Furthermore, nanobots are an amazing possibility and promising innovation with numerous significant applications, particularly in fighting cancer and cleaning out blood vessels. Nanobots are tiny robots, ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm. Moreover, the nanobots would work similarly to white blood cells, watching the bloodstream and searching for indications of distress. This review articulates the evolution of various organic and inorganic nanoparticles and nanobots used as therapeutics, along with their pros and cons. It also highlights the shift in diagnostics from conventional methods to more advanced techniques. This rapidly growing domain is providing more space for engineering desired nanoparticles that can show miraculous results in therapeutic and diagnostic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursharanpreet Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Bhawna Khanna
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mohammed Yusuf
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Akhil Khajuria
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Hema K Alajangi
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pradeep K Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mandip Sachdeva
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Assawapanumat W, Roobsoong W, Chotivanich K, Sattabongkot J, Kampaengtip A, Sungkarat W, Sunintaboon P, Nasongkla N. In Vitro Tracking of Sporozoites via Fluorescence Imaging and MRI Using Multifunctional Micelles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5324-5332. [PMID: 38039355 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Early detection could increase the treatment efficiency and prevent the recurrence of malaria disease. To track and detect malarial sporozoites, novel drug delivery systems have been explored for their ability to target these parasites specifically. This study investigates the potential of micelles to track Plasmodium vivax by targeting the Plasmodium vivax hexose transporter using glucose-based interactions. In vitro experiments were conducted using glucose/SPIO/Nile red (targeted) micelles and methoxy/SPIO/Nile red (nontargeted) micelles, revealing that the targeted micelles exhibited stronger fluorescence with the sporozoites and higher relative R2* values compared to the nontargeted micelles. These findings suggest that targeted micelles could be used for the specific detection of Plasmodium sporozoites using fluorescence imaging and MRI techniques, offering a promising approach for efficient malaria parasite detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wirat Assawapanumat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Wanlapa Roobsoong
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kesinee Chotivanich
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Adun Kampaengtip
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Witaya Sungkarat
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Faculty of Health Science Technology, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Panya Sunintaboon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Norased Nasongkla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Lin B, Xiao F, Jiang J, Zhao Z, Zhou X. Engineered aptamers for molecular imaging. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14039-14061. [PMID: 38098720 PMCID: PMC10718180 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03989g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging, including quantification and molecular interaction studies, plays a crucial role in visualizing and analysing molecular events occurring within cells or organisms, thus facilitating the understanding of biological processes. Moreover, molecular imaging offers promising applications for early disease diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation. Aptamers are oligonucleotides that can recognize targets with a high affinity and specificity by folding themselves into various three-dimensional structures, thus serving as ideal molecular recognition elements in molecular imaging. This review summarizes the commonly employed aptamers in molecular imaging and outlines the prevalent design approaches for their applications. Furthermore, it highlights the successful application of aptamers to a wide range of targets and imaging modalities. Finally, the review concludes with a forward-looking perspective on future advancements in aptamer-based molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology of Zhongnan Hospital, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Feng Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology of Zhongnan Hospital, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jinting Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology of Zhongnan Hospital, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhengjia Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology of Zhongnan Hospital, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education, Department of Hematology of Zhongnan Hospital, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
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6
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Flak D, Zalewski T, Fiedorowicz K, Przysiecka Ł, Jarek M, Klimaszyk A, Kempka M, Zimna A, Rozwadowska N, Avaro J, Liebi M, Nowaczyk G. Hybrids of manganese oxide and lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCNPs@MnO) as potential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8732-8753. [PMID: 37655519 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01110k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to the health risks associated with the use of Gd-chelates and the promising effects of using nanoparticles as T1 contrast agents (CAs) for MRI, Mn-based nanoparticles are considered a highly competitive alternative. The use of hybrid constructs with paramagnetic functionality of Mn-based nanoparticles is an effective approach, in particular, the use of biocompatible lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCNPs) as a carrier of MnO nanoparticles. LLCNPs possess a unique internal structure ensuring a payload of different polarity MnO nanoparticles. In view of MRI application, the surface properties including the polarity of MnO are crucial factors determining their relaxation rate and thus the MRI efficiency. Two novel hybrid constructs consisting of LLCNPs loaded with hydrophobic MnO-oleate and hydrophilic MnO-DMSA NPs were prepared. These nanosystems were studied in terms of their physico-chemical properties, positive T1 contrast enhancement properties (in vitro and in vivo) and biological safety. LLCNPs@MnO-oleate and LLCNPs@MnO-DMSA hybrids exhibited a heterogeneous phase composition, however with differences in the inner periodic arrangement and structural parameters, as well as in the preferable localization of MnO NPs within the LLCNPs. Also, these hybrids differed in terms of particle size-related parameters and colloidal stability, which was found to be strongly dependent on the addition of differently functionalized MnO NPs. Embedding both types of MnO NPs into LLCNPs resulted in high relaxivity parameters, in comparison to bare MnO-DMSA NPs and also commercially developed CAs (e.g. Dotarem and Teslascan). Further biosafety studies revealed that cell internalization pathways were dependent on the prepared hybrid type, while viability, effects on the mitochondria membrane potential and cytoskeletal networks were rather related to the susceptibility of the particular cell line. The high relaxation rates achieved with the developed hybrid LLCNPs@MnO enable them to be possibly used as novel and biologically safe MRI T1-enhancing CAs in in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Flak
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Zalewski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Fiedorowicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Łucja Przysiecka
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marcin Jarek
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Adam Klimaszyk
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marek Kempka
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zimna
- Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Rozwadowska
- Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jonathan Avaro
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Center for X-ray Analytics and Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Liebi
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Center for X-ray Analytics, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Grzegorz Nowaczyk
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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7
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Liang Y, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Ultrasound Sonosensitizers for Tumor Sonodynamic Therapy and Imaging: A New Direction with Clinical Translation. Molecules 2023; 28:6484. [PMID: 37764260 PMCID: PMC10537038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of sonodynamic therapy (SDT), sonosensitizers have evolved from traditional treatments to comprehensive diagnostics and therapies. Sonosensitizers play a crucial role in the integration of ultrasound imaging (USI), X-ray computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostics while also playing a therapeutic role. This review was based on recent articles on multifunctional sonosensitizers that were used in SDT for the treatment of cancer and have the potential for clinical USI, CT, and MRI applications. Next, some of the shortcomings of the clinical examination and the results of sonosensitizers in animal imaging were described. Finally, this paper attempted to inform the future development of sonosensitizers in the field of integrative diagnostics and therapeutics and to point out current problems and prospects for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Liang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China;
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, China
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8
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Alvares JJ, Gaonkar SK, Naik CC, Asogekar P, Furtado IJ. Characterization of Mn 3 O 4 -MnO 2 nanocomposites biosynthesized by cell lysate of Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF-1. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:996-1006. [PMID: 37160695 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Manganese oxide nanocomposites attract huge attention in various biotechnological fields due to their extensive catalytic properties. This study reports an easy, rapid, and cost-effective method of using the cell lysate of haloarchaeon, Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF-1 for the synthesis of manganese oxide nanoparticles. The reaction between the cell lysate and manganese sulfate resulted in the formation of a dark brown precipitate within 48 h at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed the existence of Mn3 O4 and MnO2 phases consistent with the JCPDS card no. (01-075-1560 and 00-050-0866). The dark brown colloidal suspension of MnO3 -MnO2 in methanol showed maximum absorption between 220 and 260 nm. The EDX spectrum confirmed the presence of manganese and oxygen. The Transmission electron microscopy revealed the spherical morphology with an average particle size between 30 and 60 nm. The magnetic moment versus magnetic field (MH) curve, at room temperature (300 K) did not saturate even at a high magnetic field (±3T) indicating the paramagnetic nature of the prepared nanocomposite. The Atomic Emission Spectroscopic analysis showed a negligible amount of soluble manganese (0.03 ppm in 50 ppm) in the Mn3 O4 -MnO2 suspension suggesting the maximum stability of the material in the solvent over time. Interstingly, Mn3 O4 -MnO2 nanocomposites evidenced antimicrobial activity in the order of Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Salmonella typhi > Escherichia coli > Proteus vulgaris > Candida albicans > Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusively, this is the first report on the formation of Mn3 O4 -MnO2 nanocomposites using cell lysate of salt pan haloarcheon Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF-1 with antimicrobial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi J Alvares
- Microbiology Programme, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao, Goa, India
| | - Sanket K Gaonkar
- Microbiology Programme, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao, Goa, India
- Department of Microbiology, P.E.S's R.S.N College of Arts and Science, Farmagudi, Ponda-Goa, India
| | - Chandan C Naik
- Department of Chemistry, Dhempe College of Arts & Science, Panaji, Goa, India
| | - Pratik Asogekar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao, Goa, India
- Department of Chemistry, P.E.S's R.S.N College of Arts and Science, Farmagudi, Ponda-Goa, India
| | - Irene J Furtado
- Microbiology Programme, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao, Goa, India
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9
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Ellis CM, Yuan D, Mózes FE, Miller JJ, Davis JJ. Reversible pH-responsive MRI contrast with paramagnetic polymer micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1605-1608. [PMID: 36655730 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06255k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Paramagnetically-doped polymer micelles, containing an ionizable poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) block, support high-contrast MR imaging at clinically relevant field strengths in a manner that is strongly pH responsive. A reversible switch in polymer strand charge specifically has a direct impact on local rigidity, and rotational correlation time characteristics, of the integrated Gd-chelate, driving a ∼50% amplitude switch in positive contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor M Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Daohe Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Ferenc E Mózes
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jack J Miller
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.,The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark.,Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
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Kumar A, Sharma B, Lim S. Protein Cage Relaxivity Measurement for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2671:349-360. [PMID: 37308655 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3222-2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contrast agents are employed to enhance the differentiation of diseased cells or lesions from normal tissues in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Protein cages have been explored as templates to synthesize superparamagnetic MRI contrast agents for decades. The biological origin imparts natural precision in forming confined nano-sized reaction vessels. With natural capacity to bind divalent metal ions, ferritin protein cages have been used for the synthesis of nanoparticles containing MRI contrast agents inside their core. Furthermore, ferritin is known to bind transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) which is overexpressed on specific cancer cell types and could be used for targeted cellular imaging. In addition to iron, other metal ions such as manganese and gadolinium have been encapsulated within the core of ferritin cages. To compare the magnetic properties of ferritin loaded with contrast agents, a protocol for calculating the contrast enhancement power of protein nanocage is required. The contrast enhancement power is demonstrated as relaxivity and can be measured using MRI and solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. In this chapter, we present methods for measuring and calculating the relaxivity of ferritin nanocages loaded with paramagnetic ions in solution (in tube) with NMR and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambrish Kumar
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Bhargy Sharma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sierin Lim
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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11
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Effect of the Amount of Carbon in the Fe3O4@ZnO-C Nanocomposites on Its Structure and Magnetic Properties. JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI 2022. [DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.10.362-367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of structure magnetic properties of Fe3O4@ZnO- C nanocomposite have been done through the precipitation method. This study aimed to discover the effect of concentrations/thickness of carbon layer on crystal structure and magnetic properties of Fe3O4@ZnO-C nanocomposites. Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@ZnO were the samples used in the study, and variations in the amount of carbon were 0.2, 0.1, and 0.05 g. Nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Based on the results of XRD, it has been found that the crystal structure for Fe3O4 was cubic, while ZnO was hexagonal wurtzite. The addition of carbons to Fe3O4@ZnO caused a broadening of the diffraction peaks and a decrease in the degree of crystallinity. The bonds formed on Fe3O4@ZnO-C nanocomposites, i.e. Fe-O bonds indicated the formation of Fe3O4, Zn-O bonds showed the formation of ZnO and C-O, C-H, and O-H bonds revealed the presence of a carbon layer originated from glucose. The VSM results showed that the magnetic saturation decreased with increasing carbon mass. Overall, the carbon-coated nanocomposite material with a carbon mass variation of 0.2, 0.1, and 0.05 g showed superparamagnetic properties with a magnetic saturation of 18.23 emu/g, 19.33 emu/g and 22.05 emu/g, while for the coercive field of 92.29 Oe, 92.90 Oe and 89.60 Oe, respectively. Based on these characterization results, Fe3O4@ZnO-C nanocomposite materials can potentially be developed as biomedical materials, such as the materials for photothermal therapy for cancer cells.
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12
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Advanced Surgical Technologies for Lung Cancer Treatment: Current Status and Perspectives. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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13
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Hu H, Xu Q, Mo Z, Hu X, He Q, Zhang Z, Xu Z. New anti-cancer explorations based on metal ions. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:457. [PMID: 36274142 PMCID: PMC9590139 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDue to the urgent demand for more anti-cancer methods, the new applications of metal ions in cancer have attracted increasing attention. Especially the three kinds of the new mode of cell death, including ferroptosis, calcicoptosis, and cuproptosis, are of great concern. Meanwhile, many metal ions have been found to induce cell death through different approaches, such as interfering with osmotic pressure, triggering biocatalysis, activating immune pathways, and generating the prooxidant effect. Therefore, varieties of new strategies based on the above approaches have been studied and applied for anti-cancer applications. Moreover, many contrast agents based on metal ions have gradually become the core components of the bioimaging technologies, such as MRI, CT, and fluorescence imaging, which exhibit guiding significance for cancer diagnosis. Besides, the new nano-theranostic platforms based on metal ions have experimentally shown efficient response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, which realizes simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis through a more controlled nano-system. However, most metal-based agents have still been in the early stages, and controlled clinical trials are necessary to confirm or not the current expectations. This article will focus on these new explorations based on metal ions, hoping to provide some theoretical support for more anti-cancer ideas.
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14
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Kutikuppala LVS, Kalyani PSV, Boppana SH, Mohapatra RK. Current State-of-the-art Cutting-edge Technologies for Nanonutraceuticals in Cancer. J Res Pharm Pract 2022; 11:165-166. [PMID: 37969615 PMCID: PMC10642583 DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_6_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. V. Simhachalam Kutikuppala
- Department of General Surgery, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sri Harsha Boppana
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Division of Perioperative Informatics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ranjan K. Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar Odisha, India
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15
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Dibaba ST, Xie Y, Xi W, Bednarkiewicz A, Ren W, Sun L. Nd3+-sensitized upconversion nanoparticle coated with antimony shell for bioimaging and photothermal therapy in vitro using single laser irradiation. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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How Could Nanomedicine Improve the Safety of Contrast Agents for MRI during Pregnancy? SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sci4010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a delicate state, during which timely investigation of possible physiological anomalies is essential to reduce the risk of maternal and fetal complications. Medical imaging encompasses different technologies to image the human body for the diagnosis, course of treatment management, and follow-up of diseases. Ultrasound (US) is currently the imaging system of choice for pregnant patients. However, sonographic evaluations can be non-effective or give ambiguous results. Therefore, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), due to its excellent tissue penetration, the possibility of acquisition of three-dimensional anatomical information, and its high spatial resolution, is considered a valid diagnostical alternative. Nevertheless, currently employed contrast agents to improve the MRI image quality are harmful to the fetus. Because of their ability to cross the placenta, their use on pregnant patients is avoided. This review will firstly recapitulate the most common non-obstetrical, obstetrical, and fetal indications for magnetic resonance imaging on pregnant women. Fetal safety risks, due to the use of strong magnetic fields and exogenous contrast agents, will be presented. Then, possible advantages of nanostructured contrast agents compared to current molecular ones are explored. Nanosystems’ characteristics affecting contrast efficiency, and their potential for improving contrast-enhanced MRI’s safety in pregnant women, are discussed. Lastly, promising examples of nanoparticles as safer alternatives to current MRI contrast agents in pregnancy are discussed.
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17
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Zhang X, Zeng Z, Liu H, Xu L, Sun X, Xu J, Song G. Recent development of a magneto-optical nanoplatform for multimodality imaging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3306-3323. [PMID: 35170601 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08394e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer. Given its inconspicuous and atypical early symptoms and hidden location, most patients have already reached the terminal stage before diagnosis. At present, the diagnosis of PDAC mainly depends on serological and imaging examinations. However, serum tests cannot identify specific tumor locations and each imaging technology has its own defects, bringing great challenges to the early diagnosis of PDAC. Therefore, it is of great significance to find new strategies for the early and accurate diagnosis of PDAC. In recent years, a magneto-optical nanoplatform integrating near infrared fluorescence, photoacoustic, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. has attracted widespread attention, giving full play to the complementary advantages of each imaging modality. Herein, we summarize the recent advances of imaging modalities in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, and then discuss in detail the construction and modification of magneto or/and optical probes for multimodal imaging, and advances in early diagnosis using the combination of various imaging modalities, which can provide potential tools for the early diagnosis or even intraoperative navigation and post-treatment follow-up of PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiming Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P. R. China.
| | - Huiyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P. R. China.
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.
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18
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Combinatorial Therapeutic Approaches with Nanomaterial-Based Photodynamic Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010120. [PMID: 35057015 PMCID: PMC8780767 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), in which a light source is used in combination with a photosensitizer to induce local cell death, has shown great promise in therapeutically targeting primary tumors with negligible toxicity and minimal invasiveness. However, numerous studies have shown that noninvasive PDT alone is not sufficient to completely ablate tumors in deep tissues, due to its inherent shortcomings. Therefore, depending on the characteristics and type of tumor, PDT can be combined with surgery, radiotherapy, immunomodulators, chemotherapy, and/or targeted therapy, preferably in a patient-tailored manner. Nanoparticles are attractive delivery vehicles that can overcome the shortcomings of traditional photosensitizers, as well as enable the codelivery of multiple therapeutic drugs in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. Nanotechnology-based combination strategies have provided inspiration to improve the anticancer effects of PDT. Here, we briefly introduce the mechanism of PDT and summarize the photosensitizers that have been tested preclinically for various cancer types and clinically approved for cancer treatment. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges facing the combination of PDT and multiple cancer treatment options, and we highlight the opportunities of nanoparticle-based PDT in cancer therapies.
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19
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Bhattacharya K, Kalita U, Singha NK. Tailor-made Glycopolymers via Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: Design, Properties and Applications. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01640g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the underlying mechanism of biological interactions using glycopolymer is becoming increasingly important owing to their unique recognition properties. The multivalent interactions between lectin and glycopolymer are significantly influenced by...
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20
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Chu S, Wang AL, Bhattacharya A, Montclare JK. Protein Based Biomaterials for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications. PROGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:012003. [PMID: 34950852 PMCID: PMC8691744 DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/ac2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are some of the most versatile and studied macromolecules with extensive biomedical applications. The natural and biological origin of proteins offer such materials several advantages over their synthetic counterparts, such as innate bioactivity, recognition by cells and reduced immunogenic potential. Furthermore, proteins can be easily functionalized by altering their primary amino acid sequence and can often be further self-assembled into higher order structures either spontaneously or under specific environmental conditions. This review will feature the recent advances in protein-based biomaterials in the delivery of therapeutic cargo such as small molecules, genetic material, proteins, and cells. First, we will discuss the ways in which secondary structural motifs, the building blocks of more complex proteins, have unique properties that enable them to be useful for therapeutic delivery. Next, supramolecular assemblies, such as fibers, nanoparticles, and hydrogels, made from these building blocks that are engineered to behave in a cohesive manner, are discussed. Finally, we will cover additional modifications to protein materials that impart environmental responsiveness to materials. This includes the emerging field of protein molecular robots, and relatedly, protein-based theranostic materials that combine therapeutic potential with modern imaging modalities, including near-infrared fluorescence spectroscopy (NIRF), single-photo emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging (US/PAI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Chu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Andrew L Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- College of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Aparajita Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jin Kim Montclare
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, NYU, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomaterials, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Farinha P, Coelho JMP, Reis CP, Gaspar MM. A Comprehensive Updated Review on Magnetic Nanoparticles in Diagnostics. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123432. [PMID: 34947781 PMCID: PMC8706278 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been studied for diagnostic purposes for decades. Their high surface-to-volume ratio, dispersibility, ability to interact with various molecules and superparamagnetic properties are at the core of what makes MNPs so promising. They have been applied in a multitude of areas in medicine, particularly Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are the most well-accepted based on their excellent superparamagnetic properties and low toxicity. Nevertheless, IONPs are facing many challenges that make their entry into the market difficult. To overcome these challenges, research has focused on developing MNPs with better safety profiles and enhanced magnetic properties. One particularly important strategy includes doping MNPs (particularly IONPs) with other metallic elements, such as cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn), to reduce the iron (Fe) content released into the body resulting in the creation of multimodal nanoparticles with unique properties. Another approach includes the development of MNPs using other metals besides Fe, that possess great magnetic or other imaging properties. The future of this field seems to be the production of MNPs which can be used as multipurpose platforms that can combine different uses of MRI or different imaging techniques to design more effective and complete diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Farinha
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - João M. P. Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.M.P.C.); (C.P.R.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.M.P.C.); (C.P.R.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.M.P.C.); (C.P.R.); (M.M.G.)
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22
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Ellis CM, Pellico J, Young LAJ, Miller J, Davis JJ. Promoting high T2 contrast in Dy-doped MSNs through Curie effects. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:302-305. [PMID: 34914815 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01894a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Contrast agents retaining high relaxivities at ultrahigh magnetic fields underpin an enhanced image sensitivity within derived MRI scans. By varying the Dy3+ loading density inside a mesoporous silica architecture the dominant Curie effect can be effectively tuned so as to optimise T2 contrast at magnetic fields as high as 11.7 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor M Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Juan Pellico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK. .,School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Liam A J Young
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.,Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jack Miller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.,Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.,Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
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23
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Venu AC, Nasser Din R, Rudszuck T, Picchetti P, Chakraborty P, Powell AK, Krämer S, Guthausen G, Ibrahim M. NMR Relaxivities of Paramagnetic Lanthanide-Containing Polyoxometalates. Molecules 2021; 26:7481. [PMID: 34946561 PMCID: PMC8703889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current trend for ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies opens up new routes in clinical diagnostic imaging as well as in material imaging applications. MRI selectivity is further improved by using contrast agents (CAs), which enhance the image contrast and improve specificity by the paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) mechanism. Generally, the efficacy of a CA at a given magnetic field is measured by its longitudinal and transverse relaxivities r1 and r2, i.e., the longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates T1-1 and T2-1 normalized to CA concentration. However, even though basic NMR sensitivity and resolution become better in stronger fields, r1 of classic CA generally decreases, which often causes a reduction of the image contrast. In this regard, there is a growing interest in the development of new contrast agents that would be suitable to work at higher magnetic fields. One of the strategies to increase imaging contrast at high magnetic field is to inspect other paramagnetic ions than the commonly used Gd(III)-based CAs. For lanthanides, the magnetic moment can be higher than that of the isotropic Gd(III) ion. In addition, the symmetry of electronic ground state influences the PRE properties of a compound apart from diverse correlation times. In this work, PRE of water 1H has been investigated over a wide range of magnetic fields for aqueous solutions of the lanthanide containing polyoxometalates [DyIII(H2O)4GeW11O39]5- (Dy-W11), [ErIII(H2O)3GeW11O39]5- (Er-W11) and [{ErIII(H2O)(CH3COO)(P2W17O61)}2]16- (Er2-W34) over a wide range of frequencies from 20 MHz to 1.4 GHz. Their relaxivities r1 and r2 increase with increasing applied fields. These results indicate that the three chosen POM systems are potential candidates for contrast agents, especially at high magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiswarya Chalikunnath Venu
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (A.C.V.); (P.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Rami Nasser Din
- LNCMI-EMFL, CNRS, INSA-T and UPS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Boîte Postale 166, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France;
| | - Thomas Rudszuck
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), MVM-VM, Adenauerring 20b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Pierre Picchetti
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (A.C.V.); (P.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Papri Chakraborty
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (A.C.V.); (P.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Annie K. Powell
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (A.C.V.); (P.P.); (P.C.)
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Steffen Krämer
- LNCMI-EMFL, CNRS, INSA-T and UPS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Boîte Postale 166, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France;
| | - Gisela Guthausen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), MVM-VM, Adenauerring 20b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), EBI-WCWT, Adenauerring 20b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Masooma Ibrahim
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (A.C.V.); (P.P.); (P.C.)
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24
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Kakkar P, Kakkar T, Patankar T, Saha S. Current approaches and advances in the imaging of stroke. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:273651. [PMID: 34874055 PMCID: PMC8669490 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A stroke occurs when the blood flow to the brain is suddenly interrupted, depriving brain cells of oxygen and glucose and leading to further cell death. Neuroimaging techniques, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have greatly improved our ability to visualise brain structures and are routinely used to diagnose the affected vascular region of a stroke patient's brain and to inform decisions about clinical care. Currently, these multimodal imaging techniques are the backbone of the clinical management of stroke patients and have immensely improved our ability to visualise brain structures. Here, we review recent developments in the field of neuroimaging and discuss how different imaging techniques are used in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of stroke. Summary: Stroke imaging has undergone seismic shifts in the past decade. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to computed tomography in providing vital information, further research on MRI is still required to bring its full potential into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Kakkar
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Tarun Kakkar
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Sikha Saha
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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25
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Garifo S, Stanicki D, Boutry S, Larbanoix L, Ternad I, Muller RN, Laurent S. Functionalized silica nanoplatform as a bimodal contrast agent for MRI and optical imaging. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16509-16524. [PMID: 34590110 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04972k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of an efficient bimodal single probe for magnetic resonance (MRI) and optical imaging (OI) is reported. Paramagnetic properties have been obtained by the non-covalent encapsulation of the clinically used Gd3+ chelate (i.e., Gd-HP-DO3A) within silica nanoparticles through a water-in-oil microemulsion process. To ensure colloidal stability, the surface of the particles was modified by means of treatment using PEG-silane, and further functionalized photochemically using a diazirine linker bearing carboxylic functions. Optical properties were obtained by the covalent grafting of a near-infrared emitting probe (NIR) on the resulting surface. The confinement of Gd complexes within the permeable matrix resulted in a significant increase in longitudinal relaxivities (>500% at 20 MHz) in comparison with the relaxivities of free chelate, while the post-functionalization process of PEG with fluorescent compounds appeared promising for the derivatization procedure. Several physico-chemical properties attested to the efficient surface modification and confirmed covalent grafting. Preliminary imaging experiments complete this study and confirm the potential of the presented system for preclinical imaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Garifo
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Sébastien Boutry
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Lionel Larbanoix
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Indiana Ternad
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Robert N Muller
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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26
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Kumar A, Nandwana V, Ryoo SR, Ravishankar S, Sharma B, Pervushin K, Dravid VP, Lim S. Magnetoferritin enhances T 2 contrast in magnetic resonance imaging of macrophages. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112282. [PMID: 34474835 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Imaging of immune cells has wide implications in understanding disease progression and staging. While optical imaging is limited in penetration depth due to light properties, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides a more powerful tool for the imaging of deep tissues where immune cells reside. Due to poor MR signal to noise ratio, tracking of such cells typically requires contrast agents. This report presents an in-depth physical characterization and application of archaeal magnetoferritin for MR imaging of macrophages - an important component of the innate immune system that is the first line of defense and first responder in acute inflammation. Magnetoferritin is synthesized by loading iron in apoferritin in anaerobic condition at 65 °C. The loading method results in one order of magnitude enhancement of r1 and r2 relaxivities compared to standard ferritin synthesized by aerobic loading of iron at room temperature. Detailed characterizations of the magnetoferritin revealed a crystalline core structure that is distinct from previously reported ones indicating magnetite form. The magnetite core is more stable in the presence of reducing agents and has higher peroxidase-like activities compared to the core in standard loading. Co-incubation of macrophage cells with magnetoferritin in-vitro shows significantly higher enhancement in T2-MRI contrast of the immune cells compared to standard ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambrish Kumar
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Dr., Block N1.3, Singapore 637457, Singapore; NTU-Northwestern Institute for Nanomedicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553
| | - Vikas Nandwana
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Soo-Ryoon Ryoo
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Samyukta Ravishankar
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Dr., Block N1.3, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Bhargy Sharma
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637551
| | - Konstantin Pervushin
- NTU-Northwestern Institute for Nanomedicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637551
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Applied Physics Program, Norhtwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sierin Lim
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Dr., Block N1.3, Singapore 637457, Singapore; NTU-Northwestern Institute for Nanomedicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553.
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Wang X, Guo S, Li Z, Luo Q, Dai Y, Zhang H, Ye Y, Gong Q, Luo K. Amphiphilic branched polymer-nitroxides conjugate as a nanoscale agent for potential magnetic resonance imaging of multiple objects in vivo. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:205. [PMID: 34243760 PMCID: PMC8272293 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to address the potential toxicity of metal-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs), a concept of non-metallic MRI CAs has emerged. Currently, paramagnetic nitroxides (such as (2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl, PROXYL), (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxide, TEMPO), etc.) are being extensively studied because their good stability and imaging mechanism are similar to metal-based contrast agents (such as Gd3+ chelate-based clinical CAs). However, a lower relaxivity and rapid in vivo metabolism of nitroxides remain to be addressed. Previous studies have demonstrated that the construction of macromolecular nitroxides contrast agents (mORCAs) is a promising solution through macromolecularization of nitroxides (i.e., use of large molecules to carry nitroxides). Macromolecular effects not only increase the stability of nitroxides by limiting their exposure to reductive substances in the body, but also improve the overall 1H water relaxation by increasing the concentration of nitroxides and slowing the molecular rotation speed. RESULTS Branched pDHPMA-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL with a high molecular weight (MW = 160 kDa) and a nitroxides content (0.059 mmol/g) can form a nanoscale (~ 28 nm) self-assembled aggregate in a water environment and hydrophobic PROXYL can be protected by a hydrophilic outer layer to obtain strong reduction resistance in vivo. Compared with a small molecular CA (3-Carboxy-PROXYL (3-CP)), Branched pDHPMA-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL displays three prominent features: (1) its longitudinal relaxivity (0.50 mM- 1 s- 1) is about three times that of 3-CP (0.17 mM- 1 s- 1); (2) the blood retention time of nitroxides is significantly increased from a few minutes of 3-CP to 6 h; (3) it provides long-term and significant enhancement in MR imaging of the tumor, liver, kidney and cardiovascular system (heart and aortaventralis), and this is the first report on nitroxides-based MRI CAs for imaging the cardiovascular system. CONCLUSIONS As a safe and efficient candidate metal-free magnetic resonance contrast agent, Branched pDHPMA-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL is expected to be used not only in imaging the tumor, liver and kidney, but also the cardiovascular system, which expands the application scope of these CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), No. 104 Pipashan Main Street, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing Centre, Keck Graduate Institute Claremont, 91711, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Yun Ye
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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Miao X, Yue H, Ho SL, Cha H, Marasini S, Ghazanfari A, Ahmad MY, Liu S, Tegafaw T, Chae KS, Chang Y, Lee GH. Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Relaxometric Properties of Heavily Loaded Apoferritin with D-Glucuronic Acid-Coated Ultrasmall Gd2O3 Nanoparticles. BIONANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-021-00848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ghosh G, Panicker L. Protein-nanoparticle interactions and a new insight. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:3855-3875. [PMID: 33885450 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02050h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The study of protein-nanoparticle interactions provides knowledge about the bio-reactivity of nanoparticles, and creates a database of nanoparticles for applications in nanomedicine, nanodiagnosis, and nanotherapy. The problem arises when nanoparticles come in contact with physiological fluids such as plasma or serum, wherein they interact with the proteins (or other biomolecules). This interaction leads to the coating of proteins on the nanoparticle surface, mostly due to the electrostatic interaction, called 'corona'. These proteins are usually partially unfolded. The protein corona can deter nanoparticles from their targeted functionalities, such as drug/DNA delivery at the site and fluorescence tagging of diseased tissues. The protein corona also has many repercussions on cellular intake, inflammation, accumulation, degradation, and clearance of the nanoparticles from the body depending on the exposed part of the proteins. Hence, the protein-nanoparticle interaction and the configuration of the bound-proteins on the nanosurface need thorough investigation and understanding. Several techniques such as DLS and zeta potential measurement, UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, FTIR, and DSC provide valuable information in the protein-nanoparticle interaction study. Besides, theoretical simulations also provide additional understanding. Despite a lot of research publications, the fundamental question remained unresolved. Can we aim for the application of functional nanoparticles in medicine? A new insight, given by us, in this article assumes a reasonable solution to this crucial question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Ghosh
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
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Zhou X, He C, Liu M, Chen Q, Zhang L, Xu X, Xu H, Qian Y, Yu F, Wu Y, Han Y, Xiao B, Tang J, Hu H. Self-assembly of hyaluronic acid-mediated tumor-targeting theranostic nanoparticles. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2221-2229. [PMID: 33507179 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01855d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising candidates for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Manganese dioxide (MnO2)-based NPs are potential contrast agents with excellent paramagnetic property and biocompatibility, exhibiting satisfactory magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) effects and biological safety. Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) has gained increasing interest due to its tumor-targeting ability, which can improve the tumor affinity of manganese dioxide (MnO2)-based NPs. In this study, HA-coated and albumin (BSA)-templated MnO2 and polydopamine hybrid nanoparticles (HMDNs) with tumor-targeting and superior imaging capability were fabricated via modifying the nanoparticles prepared by integrating dopamine polymerization and MnO2 biomineralization. The modification was found to enhance the cellular uptake of HMDNs by cancer cells. The prepared HMDN had high MRI contrasting capability with a longitudinal relaxivity of 22.2 mM-1 s-1 and strong photothermal therapy (PTT) effects with nearly complete tumor ablation under laser irradiation in vivo. HMDNs also showed effective clearance through kidneys, with no toxicity to important tissues. Therefore, HMDNs with superior imaging and PTT capability presented a new method to prepare tumor-targeting multifunctional nanotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH) of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China.
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Hay MA, Boskovic C. Lanthanoid Complexes as Molecular Materials: The Redox Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:3608-3637. [PMID: 32965741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Development and optimization of a new hybrid chitosan-grafted graphene oxide/magnetic nanoparticle system for theranostic applications. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zanin S, Molinari S, Cozza G, Magro M, Fedele G, Vianello F, Venerando A. Intracellular protein kinase CK2 inhibition by ferulic acid-based trimodal nanodevice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:701-712. [PMID: 33010276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2, a pleiotropic and constitutively active kinase, is strictly involved in different diseases, especially in cancer. Many efforts have been carried out to develop specific CK2 inhibitors and recently, it has been evidenced that ferulic acid (FA) represents a promising, albeit cell impermeable, CK2 inhibitor. In the present study, the potential of a nanotechnological approach to cope with intracellular CK2 regulation was explored. Surface-Active Maghemite Nanoparticles (SAMNs), coupling magnetism with photoluminescence, a new feature of SAMNs here described for the first time, were chosen as dual imaging nanocarrier for FA. The self-assembled nanodevice (SAMN@FA) displayed a significant CK2 inhibitory activity in vitro. Moreover, effective cellular internalization of SAMN@FA in cancer cells was proved by direct visualization of the photoluminescent nanocarrier by confocal microscopy and was corroborated by phosphorylation levels of endogenous CK2 targets. The proposed trimodal nanodevice, representing the first example of cellular CK2 nano-inhibition, paves the way for novel active nanocarriers as appealing theranostic tool for future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Zanin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Molinari
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cozza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Agripolis Campus, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fedele
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Agripolis Campus, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Agripolis Campus, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Andrea Venerando
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Agripolis Campus, University of Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
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Li X, Sun Y, Ma L, Liu G, Wang Z. The Renal Clearable Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents: State of the Art and Recent Advances. Molecules 2020; 25:E5072. [PMID: 33139643 PMCID: PMC7662352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The advancements of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRCAs) are continuously driven by the critical needs for early detection and diagnosis of diseases, especially for cancer, because MRCAs improve diagnostic accuracy significantly. Although hydrophilic gadolinium (III) (Gd3+) complex-based MRCAs have achieved great success in clinical practice, the Gd3+-complexes have several inherent drawbacks including Gd3+ leakage and short blood circulation time, resulting in the potential long-term toxicity and narrow imaging time window, respectively. Nanotechnology offers the possibility for the development of nontoxic MRCAs with an enhanced sensitivity and advanced functionalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided synergistic therapy. Herein, we provide an overview of recent successes in the development of renal clearable MRCAs, especially nanodots (NDs, also known as ultrasmall nanoparticles (NPs)) by unique advantages such as high relaxivity, long blood circulation time, good biosafety, and multiple functionalities. It is hoped that this review can provide relatively comprehensive information on the construction of novel MRCAs with promising clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China;
| | - Yanhong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Lina Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China;
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.S.); (L.M.)
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Manipulation of Axonal Outgrowth via Exogenous Low Forces. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218009. [PMID: 33126477 PMCID: PMC7663625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are mechanosensitive cells. The role of mechanical force in the process of neurite initiation, elongation and sprouting; nerve fasciculation; and neuron maturation continues to attract considerable interest among scientists. Force is an endogenous signal that stimulates all these processes in vivo. The axon is able to sense force, generate force and, ultimately, transduce the force in a signal for growth. This opens up fascinating scenarios. How are forces generated and sensed in vivo? Which molecular mechanisms are responsible for this mechanotransduction signal? Can we exploit exogenously applied forces to mimic and control this process? How can these extremely low forces be generated in vivo in a non-invasive manner? Can these methodologies for force generation be used in regenerative therapies? This review addresses these questions, providing a general overview of current knowledge on the applications of exogenous forces to manipulate axonal outgrowth, with a special focus on forces whose magnitude is similar to those generated in vivo. We also review the principal methodologies for applying these forces, providing new inspiration and insights into the potential of this approach for future regenerative therapies.
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Khizar S, Ahmad NM. pH Tunable Thin Film Gradients of Magnetic Polymer Colloids for MRI Diagnostics. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092116. [PMID: 32957488 PMCID: PMC7569873 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic polymer colloids comprising of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and Eudragit E100 were employed to fabricate thin film gradients and were investigated for in-vitro magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic polymer colloids (MPC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) with stimuli-responsive cationic and anionic functional groups respectively facilitate the formation of thin film gradients via layer by layer technique. The characteristics of films were controlled by changing the pH and level of the adsorbing solutions that lead to the development of gradient films having 5.5, 10.5 and 15.5 bilayers. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic force microscopy was carried out to determine the surface coverage of films. Surface wettability demonstrated the hydrophilicity of adsorbed colloids. The developed thin-film gradients were explored for in vitro magnetic resonance imaging that offers a point of care lab-on-chip as a dip-stick approach for ultrasensitive in-vitro molecular diagnosis of biological fluids.
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McLeod SM, Robison L, Parigi G, Olszewski A, Drout RJ, Gong X, Islamoglu T, Luchinat C, Farha OK, Meade TJ. Maximizing Magnetic Resonance Contrast in Gd(III) Nanoconjugates: Investigation of Proton Relaxation in Zirconium Metal-Organic Frameworks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:41157-41166. [PMID: 32852198 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium(III) nanoconjugate contrast agents (CAs) provide significant advantages over small-molecule complexes for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), namely increased Gd(III) payload and enhanced proton relaxation efficiency (relaxivity, r1). Previous research has demonstrated that both the structure and surface chemistry of the nanomaterial substantially influence contrast. We hypothesized that inserting Gd(III) complexes in the pores of a metal-organic framework (MOF) might offer a unique strategy to further explore the parameters of nanomaterial structure and composition, which influence relaxivity. Herein, we postsynthetically incorporate Gd(III) complexes into Zr-MOFs using solvent-assisted ligand incorporation (SALI). Through the study of Zr-based MOFs, NU-1000 (nano and micronsize particles) and NU-901, we investigated the impact of particle size and pore shape on proton relaxivity. The SALI-functionalized Gd nano NU-1000 hybrid material displayed the highest loading of the Gd(III) complex (1.9 ± 0.1 complexes per node) and exhibited the most enhanced proton relaxivity (r1 of 26 ± 1 mM-1 s-1 at 1.4 T). Based on nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) analysis, we can attribute the performance of Gd nano NU-1000 to the nanoscale size of the MOF particles and larger pore size that allows for rapid water exchange. We have demonstrated that SALI is a promising method for incorporating Gd(III) complexes into MOF materials and identified crucial design parameters for the preparation of next generation Gd(III)-functionalized MOF MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunna M McLeod
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lee Robison
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Giacomo Parigi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP) and Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alyssa Olszewski
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Riki J Drout
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xinyi Gong
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Timur Islamoglu
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP) and Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Omar K Farha
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas J Meade
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Koudrina A, DeRosa MC. Advances in Medical Imaging: Aptamer- and Peptide-Targeted MRI and CT Contrast Agents. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22691-22701. [PMID: 32954116 PMCID: PMC7495450 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are among the most well-established modalities in the field of noninvasive medical imaging. Despite being powerful tools, both suffer from a number of limitations and often fall short when it comes to full delineation of pathological tissues. Since its conception, molecular imaging has been commonly utilized to further the understanding of disease progression, as well as monitor treatment efficacy. This has naturally led to the advancement of the field of targeted imaging. Targeted imaging research is currently dominated by ligand-modified contrast media for applications in MRI and CT imaging. Although a plethora of targeting ligands exist, a fine balance between their size and target binding efficiency must be considered. This review will focus on aptamer- and peptide-modified contrast agents, outlining selected formulations developed in recent years while highlighting the advantages offered by these targeting ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koudrina
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S
5B6, Canada
| | - Maria C. DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S
5B6, Canada
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Salama L, Pastor ER, Stone T, Mousa SA. Emerging Nanopharmaceuticals and Nanonutraceuticals in Cancer Management. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E347. [PMID: 32932737 PMCID: PMC7554840 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is the science of nanoscale, which is the scale of nanometers or one billionth of a meter. Nanotechnology encompasses a broad range of technologies, materials, and manufacturing processes that are used to design and/or enhance many products, including medicinal products. This technology has achieved considerable progress in the oncology field in recent years. Most chemotherapeutic agents are not specific to the cancer cells they are intended to treat, and they can harm healthy cells, leading to numerous adverse effects. Due to this non-specific targeting, it is not feasible to administer high doses that may harm healthy cells. Moreover, low doses can cause cancer cells to acquire resistance, thus making them hard to kill. A solution that could potentially enhance drug targeting and delivery lies in understanding the complexity of nanotechnology. Engineering pharmaceutical and natural products into nano-products can enhance the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Novel nano-formulations such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, dendrimers, quantum dots, nano-suspensions, and gold nanoparticles have been shown to enhance the delivery of drugs. Improved delivery of chemotherapeutic agents targets cancer cells rather than healthy cells, thereby preventing undesirable side effects and decreasing chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Nanotechnology has also revolutionized cancer diagnosis by using nanotechnology-based imaging contrast agents that can specifically target and therefore enhance tumor detection. In addition to the delivery of drugs, nanotechnology can be used to deliver nutraceuticals like phytochemicals that have multiple properties, such as antioxidant activity, that protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce the risk of cancer. There have been multiple advancements and implications for the use of nanotechnology to enhance the delivery of both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products in cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shaker A. Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; (L.S.); (E.R.P.); (T.S.)
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Patil-Sen Y, Torino E, De Sarno F, Ponsiglione AM, Chhabria V, Ahmed W, Mercer T. Biocompatible superparamagnetic core-shell nanoparticles for potential use in hyperthermia-enabled drug release and as an enhanced contrast agent. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:375102. [PMID: 32392545 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab91f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and core-shell type nanoparticles, consisting of SPIONs coated with mesoporous silica and/or lipid, were synthesised and tested for their potential theranostic applications in drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia and as a contrast agent. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) confirmed the size of bare and coated SPIONs was in the range of 5-20 nm and 100-200 nm respectively. The superparamagnetic nature of all the prepared nanomaterials as indicated by Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) and their heating properties under an AC field confirm their potential for hyperthermia applications. Scanning Column Magnetometry (SCM) data showed that extrusion of bare-SPION (b-SPION) dispersions through a 100 nm polycarbonate membrane significantly improved the dispersion stability of the sample. No sedimentation was apparent after 18 h compared to a pre-extrusion estimate of 43% settled at the bottom of the tube over the same time. Lipid coating also enhanced dispersion stability. Transversal relaxation time (T2) measurements for the nanoparticles, using a bench-top relaxometer, displayed a significantly lower value of 46 ms, with a narrow relaxation time distribution, for lipid silica coated SPIONs (Lip-SiSPIONs) as compared to that of 1316 ms for the b-SPIONs. Entrapment efficiency of the anticancer drug, Doxorubicin (DOX) for Lip-SPIONs was observed to be 35% which increased to 58% for Lip-SiSPIONs. Moreover, initial in-vitro cytotoxicity studies against human breast adenocarcinoma, MCF-7 cells showed that % cell viability increased from 57% for bSPIONs to 82% for Lip-SPIONs and to 87% for Lip-SiSPIONs. This suggests that silica and lipid coatings improve the biocompatibility of bSPIONs significantly and enhance the suitability of these particles as drug carriers. Hence, the magnetic nanomaterials prepared in this work have potential theranostic properties as a drug carrier for hyperthermia cancer therapy and also offer enhancement of contrast agent efficacy and a route to a significant increase in dispersion stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Patil-Sen
- School of Physical Sciences and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom. School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
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Yuan D, Ellis CM, Davis JJ. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles in Bioimaging. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3795. [PMID: 32867401 PMCID: PMC7504327 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A biomedical contrast agent serves to enhance the visualisation of a specific (potentially targeted) physiological region. In recent years, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have developed as a flexible imaging platform of tuneable size/morphology, abundant surface chemistry, biocompatibility and otherwise useful physiochemical properties. This review discusses MSN structural types and synthetic strategies, as well as methods for surface functionalisation. Recent applications in biomedical imaging are then discussed, with a specific emphasis on magnetic resonance and optical modes together with utility in multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK; (D.Y.); (C.M.E.)
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Magnetic Colloidal Particles in Combinatorial Thin-Film Gradients for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Hyperthermia. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7163985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A stable oil-in-water (O/W) magnetic emulsion was prepared by the emulsification of organic ferrofluid in an aqueous media, and its theranostic applications were investigated. The synthesis and characterization of the organic ferrofluid were carried out comprising of superparamagnetic maghemite nanoparticles with oleic acid coating stabilized in octane. Both exhibit spherical morphology with a mean size of 6 nm and 200 nm, respectively, as determined by TEM. Thermogravimetric analysis was carried out to determine the chemical composition of the emulsion. The research work described here is novel and elaborates the fabrication of thin-film gradients with 5, 10, 15, and 20 bilayers by layer-by-layer technique using polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDAC) and prepared magnetic colloidal particles. The thin-film gradients were characterized for their roughness, morphology, and wettability. The developed gradient films and colloids were explored in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hyperthermia. T1- and T2-weighted images and their corresponding signal intensities were obtained at 1.5 T. A decreasing trend in signal intensities with an increase in nanoparticle concentration in colloids and along the gradient was observed in T2-weighted images. The hyperthermia capability was also evaluated by measuring temperature rise and calculating specific absorption rates (SAR). The SAR of the colloids at 259 kHz, 327 kHz, and 518 kHz were found to be 156 W/g, 255 W/g, and 336 W/g, respectively. The developed magnetic combinatorial thin-film gradients present a significant potential for the future efficient simultaneous diagnostic and therapeutic bioapplications.
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Xie G, Zhang L, Pan J, Zhang X, Sun SK. Green and Kilogram-Scale Synthesis of Fe Hydrogel for Photothermal Therapy of Tumors in Vivo. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4276-4284. [PMID: 33463327 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal agents with good biocompatibility, high tumor accumulation efficiency, large-scale production ability, and low cost are crucial for potential photothermal treatment in clinic. Herein, we proposed a green and highly efficient strategy to fabricate a kilogram-scale alginate-Ca2+-Fe powder hydrogel (ALG-Ca2+-Fe) by turning commercial Fe powder into hydrogel for enhanced photothermal therapy. The ALG-Ca2+-Fe was formed by simply dispersing commercial Fe powder into the preformed alginate-Ca2+ hydrogel in a green and energy-/time-saving way. The hydrogel exhibited the advantages of ultrahigh loading capacity of Fe powder (>100 mg mL-1), excellent large-scale production capacity (>1 kg in lab synthesis), low cost (<1.7 $/kg), and good injectability. More importantly, large size and hydrophobicity endowed Fe powder with excellent tumor retention effect and minimal diffusion to surrounding tissues, greatly benefiting improving treatment efficiency and reducing side effects. In vivo and in vitro studies both proved that the large-scale produced ALG-Ca2+-Fe can be used for highly efficient and biosafe tumor treatment in vivo by simple noninvasive injection. The developed ALG-Ca2+-Fe with multiple superiors opens up a novel green way to develop efficient and safe photothermal therapeutic agents with great clinic transformation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Xie
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jinbin Pan
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Shao-Kai Sun
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China
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Yang CT, Hattiholi A, Selvan ST, Yan SX, Fang WW, Chandrasekharan P, Koteswaraiah P, Herold CJ, Gulyás B, Aw SE, He T, Ng DCE, Padmanabhan P. Gadolinium-based bimodal probes to enhance T1-Weighted magnetic resonance/optical imaging. Acta Biomater 2020; 110:15-36. [PMID: 32335310 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gd3+-based contrast agents have been extensively used for signal enhancement of T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to the large magnetic moment and long electron spin relaxation time of the paramagnetic Gd3+ ion. The key requisites for the development of Gd3+-based contrast agents are their relaxivities and stabilities which can be achieved by chemical modifications. These modifications include coordinating Gd3+ with a chelator such as diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) or 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), encapsulating Gd3+ in nanoparticles, conjugation to biomacromolecules such as polymer micelles and liposomes, or non-covalent binding to plasma proteins. In order to have a coherent diagnostic and therapeutic approach and to understand diseases better, the combination of MRI and optical imaging (OI) techniques into one technique entity has been developed to overcome the conventional boundaries of either imaging modality used alone through bringing the excellent spatial resolution of MRI and high sensitivity of OI into full play. Novel MRI and OI bimodal probes have been extensively studied in this regard. This review is an attempt to shed some light on the bimodal imaging probes by summarizing all recent noteworthy publications involving Gd3+ containing MR-optical imaging probes. The several key elements such as novel synthetic strategy, high sensitivity, biocompatibility, and targeting of the probes are highlighted in the review. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The present article aims at giving an overview of the existing bimodal MRI and OI imaging probes. The review structured as a series of examples of paramagnetic Gd3+ ions, either as ions in the crystalline structure of inorganic materials or chelates for contrast enhancement in MRI, while they are used as optical imaging probes in different modes. The comprehensive review focusing on the synthetic strategies, characterizations and properties of these bimodal imaging probes will be helpful in a way to prepare related work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Tong Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Aishwarya Hattiholi
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, 636921, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Subramanian Tamil Selvan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, 636921, Singapore
| | - Sean Xuexian Yan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Wei-Wei Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, HeFei University of Technology, HeFei, AnHui 230009, PR China
| | | | - Podili Koteswaraiah
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Christian J Herold
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Austria
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, 636921, Singapore; Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, S-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Swee Eng Aw
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore
| | - Tao He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, HeFei University of Technology, HeFei, AnHui 230009, PR China
| | - David Chee Eng Ng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, 636921, Singapore
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Caspani S, Magalhães R, Araújo JP, Sousa CT. Magnetic Nanomaterials as Contrast Agents for MRI. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112586. [PMID: 32517085 PMCID: PMC7321635 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a powerful, noninvasive and nondestructive technique, capable of providing three-dimensional (3D) images of living organisms. The use of magnetic contrast agents has allowed clinical researchers and analysts to significantly increase the sensitivity and specificity of MRI, since these agents change the intrinsic properties of the tissues within a living organism, increasing the information present in the images. Advances in nanotechnology and materials science, as well as the research of new magnetic effects, have been the driving forces that are propelling forward the use of magnetic nanostructures as promising alternatives to commercial contrast agents used in MRI. This review discusses the principles associated with the use of contrast agents in MRI, as well as the most recent reports focused on nanostructured contrast agents. The potential applications of gadolinium- (Gd) and manganese- (Mn) based nanomaterials and iron oxide nanoparticles in this imaging technique are discussed as well, from their magnetic behavior to the commonly used materials and nanoarchitectures. Additionally, recent efforts to develop new types of contrast agents based on synthetic antiferromagnetic and high aspect ratio nanostructures are also addressed. Furthermore, the application of these materials in theragnosis, either as contrast agents and controlled drug release systems, contrast agents and thermal therapy materials or contrast agents and radiosensitizers, is also presented.
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Gupta A, Caravan P, Price WS, Platas-Iglesias C, Gale EM. Applications for Transition-Metal Chemistry in Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6648-6678. [PMID: 32367714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable tool for diagnostic medicine. However, safety concerns related to gadolinium in commercial MRI contrast agents have emerged in recent years. For patients suffering from severe renal impairment, there is an important unmet medical need to perform contrast-enhanced MRI without gadolinium. There are also concerns over the long-term effects of retained gadolinium within the general patient population. Demand for gadolinium-free MRI contrast agents is driving a new wave of inorganic chemistry innovation as researchers explore paramagnetic transition-metal complexes as potential alternatives. Furthermore, advances in personalized care making use of molecular-level information have motivated inorganic chemists to develop MRI contrast agents that can detect pathologic changes at the molecular level. Recent studies have highlighted how reaction-based modulation of transition-metal paramagnetism offers a highly effective mechanism to achieve MRI contrast enhancement that is specific to biochemical processes. This Viewpoint highlights how recent advances in transition-metal chemistry are leading the way for a new generation of MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Nanoscale Organisation and Dynamics Group, School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia.,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales 2170, Australia
| | | | - William S Price
- Nanoscale Organisation and Dynamics Group, School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia.,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales 2170, Australia
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas and Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Galicia 15071, Spain
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Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles have been extensively utilised as negative (T2) contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging. In the past few years, researchers have also exploited their application as positive (T1) contrast agents to overcome the limitation of traditional Gd3+ contrast agents. To provide T1 contrast, these particles must present certain physicochemical properties with control over the size, morphology and surface of the particles. In this review, we summarise the reported T1 iron oxide nanoparticles and critically revise their properties, synthetic protocols and application, not only in MRI but also in multimodal imaging. In addition, we briefly summarise the most important nanoparticulate Gd and Mn agents to evaluate whether T1 iron oxide nanoparticles can reach Gd/Mn contrast capabilities.
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Hu H. Recent Advances of Bioresponsive Nano-Sized Contrast Agents for Ultra-High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Chem 2020; 8:203. [PMID: 32266217 PMCID: PMC7100386 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nowadays has been receiving enormous attention in both biomaterial research and clinical diagnosis. MRI contrast agents are generally comprising of T1-weighted and T2-weighted contrast agent types, where T1-weighted contrast agents show positive contrast enhancement with brighter images by decreasing the proton's longitudinal relaxation times and T2-weighted contrast agents show negative contrast enhancement with darker images by decreasing the proton's transverse relaxation times. To meet the incredible demand of MRI, ultra-high-field T2 MRI is gradually attracting the attention of research and medical needs owing to its high resolution and high accuracy for detection. It is anticipated that high field MRI contrast agents can achieve high performance in MRI imaging, where parameters of chemical composition, molecular structure and size of varied contrast agents show contrasted influence in each specific diagnostic test. This review firstly presents the recent advances of nanoparticle contrast agents for MRI. Moreover, multimodal molecular imaging with MRI for better monitoring is discussed during biological process. To fasten the process of developing better contrast agents, deep learning of artificial intelligent (AI) can be well-integrated into optimizing the crucial parameters of nanoparticle contrast agents and achieving high resolution MRI prior to the clinical applications. Finally, prospects and challenges are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Hu
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center in Intelligent Thermal Structures for Aerospace, Central South University, Changsha, China
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do Nascimento T, Tavares M, Monteiro MSSB, Santos-Oliveira R, Todeschini AR, de Souza VT, Ricci-Júnior E. Trends in Nanotechnology for in vivo Cancer Diagnosis: Products and Patents. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2167-2181. [PMID: 32072890 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200219094853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a set of diseases formed by abnormal growth of cells leading to the formation of the tumor. The diagnosis can be made through symptoms' evaluation or imaging tests, however, the techniques are limited and the tumor detection may be late. Thus, pharmaceutical nanotechnology has emerged to optimize the cancer diagnosis through nanostructured contrast agent's development. OBJECTIVE This review aims to identify commercialized nanomedicines and patents for cancer diagnosis. METHODS The databases used for scientific articles research were Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo and Lilacs. Research on companies' websites and articles for the recognition of commercial nanomedicines was performed. The Derwent tool was applied for patent research. RESULTS This article aimed to research on nanosystems based on nanoparticles, dendrimers, liposomes, composites and quantum dots, associated to imaging techniques. Commercialized products based on metal and composite nanoparticles, associated with magnetic resonance and computed tomography, have been observed. The research conducted through Derwent tool displayed a small number of patents using nanotechnology for cancer diagnosis. Among these patents, the most significant number was related to the use of systems based on metal nanoparticles, composites and quantum dots. CONCLUSION Although few systems are found in the market and patented, nanotechnology appears as a promising field for the development of new nanosystems in order to optimize and accelerate the cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatielle do Nascimento
- Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento Galenico, Farmacia Universitaria, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Melanie Tavares
- Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento Galenico, Farmacia Universitaria, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana S S B Monteiro
- Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento Galenico, Farmacia Universitaria, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Estadual da Zona Oeste, Laboratório de Radiofarmácia e Nanoradiofármacos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriane R Todeschini
- Laboratorio de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vilênia T de Souza
- Laboratorio de Tecnologia Industrial Farmaceutica, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Júnior
- Laboratorio de Desenvolvimento Galenico, Farmacia Universitaria, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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