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Zhang H, Read A, Cataisson C, Yang HH, Lee WC, Turk BE, Yuspa SH, Luo J. Protein phosphatase 6 activates NF-κB to confer sensitivity to MAPK pathway inhibitors in KRAS- and BRAF-mutant cancer cells. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadd5073. [PMID: 38743809 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.add5073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a major target for cancer treatment. To better understand the genetic pathways that modulate cancer cell sensitivity to MAPK pathway inhibitors, we performed a CRISPR knockout screen with MAPK pathway inhibitors on a colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line carrying mutant KRAS. Genetic deletion of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6), encoded by PPP6C, rendered KRAS- and BRAF-mutant CRC and BRAF-mutant melanoma cells more resistant to these inhibitors. In the absence of MAPK pathway inhibition, PPP6C deletion in CRC cells decreased cell proliferation in two-dimensional (2D) adherent cultures but accelerated the growth of tumor spheroids in 3D culture and tumor xenografts in vivo. PPP6C deletion enhanced the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling in CRC and melanoma cells and circumvented the cell cycle arrest and decreased cyclin D1 abundance induced by MAPK pathway blockade in CRC cells. Inhibiting NF-κB activity by genetic and pharmacological means restored the sensitivity of PPP6C-deficient cells to MAPK pathway inhibition in CRC and melanoma cells in vitro and in CRC cells in vivo. Furthermore, a R264 point mutation in PPP6C conferred loss of function in CRC cells, phenocopying the enhanced NF-κB activation and resistance to MAPK pathway inhibition observed for PPP6C deletion. These findings demonstrate that PP6 constrains the growth of KRAS- and BRAF-mutant cancer cells, implicates the PP6-NF-κB axis as a modulator of MAPK pathway output, and presents a rationale for cotargeting the NF-κB pathway in PPP6C-mutant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Abigail Read
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christophe Cataisson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Howard H Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ji Luo
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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2
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Hughes CJ, Alderman C, Wolin AR, Fields KM, Zhao R, Ford HL. All eyes on Eya: A unique transcriptional co-activator and phosphatase in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189098. [PMID: 38555001 PMCID: PMC11111358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The Eya family of proteins (consisting of Eyas1-4 in mammals) play vital roles in embryogenesis by regulating processes such as proliferation, migration/invasion, cellular survival and pluripotency/plasticity of epithelial and mesenchymal states. Eya proteins carry out such diverse functions through a unique combination of transcriptional co-factor, Tyr phosphatase, and PP2A/B55α-mediated Ser/Thr phosphatase activities. Since their initial discovery, re-expression of Eyas has been observed in numerous tumor types, where they are known to promote tumor progression through a combination of their transcriptional and enzymatic activities. Eya proteins thus reinstate developmental processes during malignancy and represent a compelling class of therapeutic targets for inhibiting tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Hughes
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Christopher Alderman
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Arthur R Wolin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Kaiah M Fields
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Rui Zhao
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
| | - Heide L Ford
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
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3
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Nikiema WA, Ouédraogo M, Ouédraogo WP, Fofana S, Ouédraogo BHA, Delma TE, Amadé B, Abdoulaye GM, Sawadogo AS, Ouédraogo R, Semde R. Systematic Review of Chemical Compounds with Immunomodulatory Action Isolated from African Medicinal Plants. Molecules 2024; 29:2010. [PMID: 38731500 PMCID: PMC11085867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A robust, well-functioning immune system is the cornerstone of good health. Various factors may influence the immune system's effectiveness, potentially leading to immune system failure. This review aims to provide an overview of the structure and action of immunomodulators isolated from African medicinal plants. The research was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Full-text access research articles published in English up to December 2023, including plant characteristics, isolated phytochemicals, and immuno-modulatory activities, were screened. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were generated using ChemDraw® (version 12.0.1076), and convergent and distinctive signaling pathways were highlighted. These phytochemicals with demonstrated immunostimulatory activity include alkaloids (berberine, piperine, magnoflorine), polysaccharides (pectin, glucan, acemannan, CALB-4, GMP90-1), glycosides (syringin, cordifolioside, tinocordiside, aucubin), phenolic compounds (ferulic acid, vanillic acid, eupalitin), flavonoids (curcumin, centaurein, kaempferin, luteolin, guajaverin, etc.), terpenoids (oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, boswellic acids, corosolic acid, nimbidin, andrographolides). These discussed compounds exert their effects through various mechanisms, targeting the modulation of MAPKs, PI3K-Akt, and NF-kB. These mechanisms can support the traditional use of medicinal plants to treat immune-related diseases. The outcomes of this overview are to provoke structural action optimization, to orient research on particular natural chemicals for managing inflammatory, infectious diseases and cancers, or to boost vaccine immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendwaoga Arsène Nikiema
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Moussa Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
| | - Windbedma Prisca Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
| | - Souleymane Fofana
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Institut des Sciences de la Santé, Université NAZI Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Boris Honoré Amadou Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Talwendpanga Edwige Delma
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Belem Amadé
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Gambo Moustapha Abdoulaye
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Aimé Serge Sawadogo
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
| | - Raogo Ouédraogo
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Rasmané Semde
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
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4
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Sun F, Xiao Y, Shapiro SD, Qu Z, Xiao G. Critical and distinct roles of cell type-specific NF-κB2 in lung cancer. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e164188. [PMID: 38385745 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Different from the well-studied canonical NF-κB member RelA, the role of the noncanonical NF-κB member NF-κB2 in solid tumors, and lung cancer in particular, is poorly understood. Here we report that in contrast to the tumor-promoting role of RelA, NF-κB2 intrinsic to lung epithelial and tumor cells had no marked effect on lung tumorigenesis and progression. On the other hand, NF-κB2 limited dendritic cell number and activation in the lung but protected lung macrophages and drove them to promote lung cancer through controlling activation of noncanonical and canonical NF-κB, respectively. NF-κB2 was also required for B cell maintenance and T cell activation. The antitumor activity of lymphocyte NF-κB2 was dominated by the protumor function of myeloid NF-κB2; thus, NF-κB2 has an overall tumor-promoting activity. These studies reveal a cell type-dependent role for NF-κB2 in lung cancer and help understand the complexity of NF-κB action and lung cancer pathogenesis for better design of NF-κB-targeted therapy against this deadliest cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Sun
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yadong Xiao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Steven D Shapiro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Qu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gutian Xiao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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5
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Qi H, Chang X, Wang K, Xu Q, Liu M, Han B. Comparative analyses of transcriptome sequencing and carcinogenic exposure toxicity of nicotine and 6-methyl nicotine in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 93:105661. [PMID: 37586650 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes have become a purported safer alternative to the conventional cigarettes in recent years. Nicotine is the main component of electronic cigarettes, and other nicotinic compounds are synthesized as alternatives to nicotine. However, scientific data on the potential health effects of electronic cigarettes are scarce. Herein, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of nicotine and its analog 6-methyl nicotine (6-MN) on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) in vitro. Furthermore, we performed transcriptome sequencing to systematically assess the effects of nicotine and 6-MN on BEAS-2B cells. The cytotoxicity assay revealed that BEAS-2B cells were more sensitive to 6-MN than to nicotine. Transcriptome sequencing revealed 1208 differentially expressed cancer-related proteins (CRP) in the 6-MN groups relative to that with CRP in the control group. In addition, 6-MN had a greater negative effect on the CRP expression than nicotine. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes and proteins in the 6-MN group were significantly enriched in the cancer-related pathways, unlike those in the nicotine group. Further validations of some lung cancer-related proteins, such as NF-κB p65, EGFR, and MET, were conducted by immunoblotting and real-time PCR, which revealed that 6-MN may have a greater negative effect on tumor development and metastasis than nicotine. Taken together, our findings suggest that new electronic cigarettes with 6-MN might offer some advantages over conventional electronic cigarettes containing nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xia Chang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Qiaoxin Xu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Meisen Liu
- Shenzhen Zinwi Bio-Tech Co., LTD., China.
| | - Bin Han
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China.
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Malik P, Rani R, Solanki R, Patel VH, Mukherjee TK. Understanding the feasibility of chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic targets against non-small cell lung cancers: an update of resistant responses and recent combinatorial therapies. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:850-895. [PMID: 37970206 PMCID: PMC10645466 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite consistent progress in prompt diagnosis and curative therapies in the last decade, lung cancer (LC) continues to threaten mankind, accounting for nearly twice the casualties compared to prostate, breast, and other cancers. Statistics associate ~25% of 2021 cancer-related deaths with LC, more than 80% of which are explicitly caused by tobacco smoking. Prevailing as small and non-small cell pathologies, with respective occurring frequency of nearly 15% and 80-85%, non-small cell LCs (NSCLCs) are prominently distinguished into lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), subtypes. Since the first use of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor gefitinib for NSCLC treatment in 2002, immense progress has been made for targeted therapies with the next generation of drugs spanning across the chronological generations of small molecule inhibitors. The last two years have overseen the clinical approval of more than 10 therapeutic agents as first-line NSCLC medications. However, uncertain mutational aberrations as well as systemic resistant responses, and abysmal overall survival curtail the combating efficacies. Of late, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against various molecules including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) have been demonstrated as reliable LC treatment targets. Keeping these aspects in mind, this review article discusses the success of NSCLC chemo and immunotherapies with their characteristic effectiveness and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Malik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Ruma Rani
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Raghu Solanki
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India
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Barik GK, Sahay O, Mukhopadhyay A, Manne RK, Islam S, Roy A, Nath S, Santra MK. FBXW2 suppresses breast tumorigenesis by targeting AKT-Moesin-SKP2 axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:623. [PMID: 37736741 PMCID: PMC10517019 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Oncogene Moesin plays critical role in initiation, progression, and metastasis of multiple cancers. It exerts oncogenic activity due to its high-level expression as well as posttranslational modification in cancer. However, factors responsible for its high-level expression remain elusive. In this study, we identified positive as well as negative regulators of Moesin. Our study reveals that Moesin is a cellular target of F-box protein FBXW2. We showed that FBXW2 suppresses breast cancer progression through directing proteasomal degradation of Moesin. In contrast, AKT kinase plays an important role in oncogenic function of Moesin by protecting it from FBXW2-mediated proteasomal degradation. Mechanistically, AKT phosphorylates Moesin at Thr-558 and thereby prevents its degradation by FBXW2 via weakening the association between FBXW2 and Moesin. Further, accumulated Moesin prevents FBXW2-mediated degradation of oncogene SKP2, showing that Moesin functions as an upstream regulator of oncogene SKP2. In turn, SKP2 stabilizes Moesin by directing its non-degradable form of polyubiquitination and therefore AKT-Moesin-SKP2 oncogenic axis plays crucial role in breast cancer progression. Collectively, our study reveals that FBXW2 functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by restricting AKT-Moesin-SKP2 axis. Thus, AKT-Moesin-SKP2 axis may be explored for the development of therapeutics for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Barik
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Osheen Sahay
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Anindya Mukhopadhyay
- Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700063, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Manne
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Sehbanul Islam
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Anup Roy
- Department of Pathology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700014, India
| | - Somsubhra Nath
- Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700063, India
- Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700156, India
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.
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8
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Attiq A, Afzal S. Trinity of inflammation, innate immune cells and cross-talk of signalling pathways in tumour microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1255727. [PMID: 37680708 PMCID: PMC10482416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1255727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Unresolved inflammation is a pathological consequence of persistent inflammatory stimulus and perturbation in regulatory mechanisms. It increases the risk of tumour development and orchestrates all stages of tumorigenesis in selected organs. In certain cancers, inflammatory processes create the appropriate conditions for neoplastic transformation. While in other types, oncogenic changes pave the way for an inflammatory microenvironment that leads to tumour development. Of interest, hallmarks of tumour-promoting and cancer-associated inflammation are striking similar, sharing a complex network of stromal (fibroblasts and vascular cells) and inflammatory immune cells that collectively form the tumour microenvironment (TME). The cross-talks of signalling pathways initially developed to support homeostasis, change their role, and promote atypical proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and subversion of adaptive immunity in TME. These transcriptional and regulatory pathways invariably contribute to cancer-promoting inflammation in chronic inflammatory disorders and foster "smouldering" inflammation in the microenvironment of various tumour types. Besides identifying common target sites of numerous cancer types, signalling programs and their cross-talks governing immune cells' plasticity and functional diversity can be used to develop new fate-mapping and lineage-tracing mechanisms. Here, we review the vital molecular mechanisms and pathways that establish the connection between inflammation and tumour development, progression, and metastasis. We also discussed the cross-talks between signalling pathways and devised strategies focusing on these interaction mechanisms to harness synthetic lethal drug combinations for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Attiq
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Sheryar Afzal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Jiang Y, Zhang J, Shi C, Li X, Jiang Y, Mao R. NF- κB: a mediator that promotes or inhibits angiogenesis in human diseases? Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e25. [PMID: 37503730 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor of κ-light chain of enhancer-activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which is conserved in invertebrates, plays a significant role in human diseases such as inflammation-related diseases and carcinogenesis. Angiogenesis refers to the growth of new capillary vessels derived from already existing capillaries and postcapillary venules. Maintaining normal angiogenesis and effective vascular function is a prerequisite for the stability of organ tissue function, and abnormal angiogenesis often leads to a variety of diseases. It has been suggested that NK-κB signalling molecules under pathological conditions play an important role in vascular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and tumourigenesis by regulating the transcription of multiple target genes. Many NF-κB inhibitors are being tested in clinical trials for cancer treatment and their effect on angiogenesis is summarised. In this review, we will summarise the role of NF-κB signalling in various neovascular diseases, especially in tumours, and explore whether NF-κB can be used as an attack target or activation medium to inhibit tumour angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, 30Tongyang North Road, Pingchao Town, Nantong 226361, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Conglin Shi
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjuan Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongying Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Renfang Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Jiang Q, Zhang D, Liu J, Liang C, Yang R, Zhang C, Wu J, Lin J, Ye T, Ding L, Li J, Gao S, Li B, Ye Q. HPIP is an essential scaffolding protein running through the EGFR-RAS-ERK pathway and drives tumorigenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade1155. [PMID: 37294756 PMCID: PMC10256163 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The EGFR-RAS-ERK pathway plays a key role in cancer development and progression. However, the integral assembly of EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling complexes from the upstream component EGFR to the downstream component ERK is largely unknown. Here, we show that hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein (HPIP) interacts with all classical components of the EGFR-RAS-ERK pathway and forms at least two complexes with overlapping components. Experiments of HPIP knockout or knockdown and chemical inhibition of HPIP expression showed that HPIP is required for EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling complex formation, EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling activation, and EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling-mediated promotion of aerobic glycolysis as well as cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. HPIP expression is correlated with EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling activation and predicts worse clinical outcomes in patients with lung cancer. These results provide insights into EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling complex formation and EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling regulation and suggest that HPIP may be a promising therapeutic target for cancer with dysregulated EGFR-RAS-ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Jiang
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Deyu Zhang
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
- Department of Hematology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Chaoyang Liang
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ronghui Yang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Outpatient Department, Jingnan Medical Area, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Tianxing Ye
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
| | - Lihua Ding
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Binghui Li
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Cell Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Bejing 100850, China
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11
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Li Z, Zhou B, Zhu X, Yang F, Jin K, Dai J, Zhu Y, Song X, Jiang G. Differentiation-related genes in tumor-associated macrophages as potential prognostic biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1123840. [PMID: 36969247 PMCID: PMC10033599 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1123840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of differentiation-related genes (DRGs) in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsSingle cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data from GEO and bulk RNA-seq data from TCGA were analyzed to identify DRGs using trajectory method. Functional gene analysis was carried out by GO/KEGG enrichment analysis. The mRNA and protein expression in human tissue were analyzed by HPA and GEPIA databases. To investigate the prognostic value of these genes, three risk score (RS) models in different pathological types of NSCLC were generated and predicted NSCLC prognosis in datasets from TCGA, UCSC and GEO databases.Results1,738 DRGs were identified through trajectory analysis. GO/KEGG analysis showed that these genes were predominantly related to myeloid leukocyte activation and leukocyte migration. 13 DRGs (C1QB, CCL4, CD14, CD84, FGL2, MS4A6A, NLRP3, PLEK, RNASE6, SAMSN1, SPN, TMEM176B, ZEB2) related to prognosis were obtained through univariate Cox analysis and Lasso regression. C1QB, CD84, FGL2, MS4A6A, NLRP3, PLEK, SAMSN1, SPN, and ZEB2 were downregulated in NSCLC compared to non-cancer tissue. The mRNA of 13 genes were significantly expressed in pulmonary macrophages with strong cell specificity. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical staining showed that C1QB, CCL4, SPN, CD14, NLRP3, SAMSN1, MS4A6A, TMEM176B were expressed in different degrees in lung cancer tissues. ZEB2 (HR=1.4, P<0.05) and CD14 (HR=1.6, P<0.05) expression were associated with a worse prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma; ZEB2 (HR=0.64, P<0.05), CD84 (HR=0.65, P<0.05), PLEK (HR=0.71, P<0.05) and FGL2 (HR=0.61, P<0.05) expression were associated with a better prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Three RS models based on 13 DRGs both showed that the high RS was significantly associated with poor prognosis in different pathological types of NSCLC.ConclusionsThis study highlights the prognostic value of DRGs in TAMs in NSCLC patients, providing novel insights for the development of therapeutic and prognostic targets based on TAM functional differences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao Song
- *Correspondence: Xiao Song, ; Gening Jiang,
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12
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Koerner L, Schmiel M, Yang TP, Peifer M, Buettner R, Pasparakis M. NEMO- and RelA-dependent NF-κB signaling promotes small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:938-951. [PMID: 36653597 PMCID: PMC10070460 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive type of lung cancer driven by combined loss of the tumor suppressors RB1 and TP53. SCLC is highly metastatic and despite good initial response to chemotherapy patients usually relapse, resulting in poor survival. Therefore, better understanding of the mechanisms driving SCLC pathogenesis is required to identify new therapeutic targets. Here we identified a critical role of the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in SCLC development. Using a relevant mouse model of SCLC, we found that ablation of NEMO/IKKγ, the regulatory subunit of the IKK complex that is essential for activation of canonical NF-κB signaling, strongly delayed the onset and growth of SCLC resulting in considerably prolonged survival. In addition, ablation of the main NF-κB family member p65/RelA also delayed the onset and growth of SCLC and prolonged survival, albeit to a lesser extent than NEMO. Interestingly, constitutive activation of IKK/NF-κB signaling within the tumor cells did not exacerbate the pathogenesis of SCLC, suggesting that endogenous NF-κB levels are sufficient to fully support tumor development. Moreover, TNFR1 deficiency did not affect the development of SCLC, showing that TNF signaling does not play an important role in this tumor type. Taken together, our results revealed that IKK/NF-κB signaling plays an important role in promoting SCLC, identifying the IKK/NF-κB pathway as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lioba Koerner
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcel Schmiel
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tsun-Po Yang
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Peifer
- Department of Translational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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13
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Li J, Liu X, Li J, Han D, Li Y, Ge P. Mechanism of andrographis paniculata on lung cancer by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Technol Health Care 2023:THC220698. [PMID: 36641698 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely recognized and accepted worldwide to provide favorable therapeutic effects for cancer patients. As Andrographis paniculata has an anti-tumor effect, it might inhibit lung cancer. OBJECTIVE The drug targets and related pathways involved in the action of Andrographis paniculata against lung cancer were predicted using network pharmacology, and its mechanism was further explored at the molecular level. METHODS This work selected the effective components and targets of Andrographis paniculata against the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Targets related to lung cancer were searched for in the GEO database (accession number GSE136043). The volcanic and thermal maps of differential expression genes were produced using the software R. Then, the target genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG analysis using the software R. This also utilized the AutoDock tool to study the molecular docking of the active component structures downloaded from the PubChem database and the key target structures downloaded from the PDB database, and the docking results were visualized using the software PyMol. RESULTS The results of molecular docking show that wogonin, Mono-O-methylwightin, Deoxycamptothecine, andrographidine F_qt, Quercetin tetramethyl (3',4',5,7) ether, 14-deoxyandrographolide, andrographolide-19-β-D-glucoside_qt and 14-deoxy-11-oxo-andrographolide were potential active components, while AKT1, MAPK14, RELA and NCOA1 were key targets. CONCLUSION This study showed the main candidate components, targets, and pathways involved in the action of Andrographis paniculata against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongwei Han
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pengling Ge
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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14
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Peters S, Letovanec I, Mauer M, Dafni U, Ejedepang D, Biernat W, Bubendorf L, Warth A, Pokharel S, Reinmuth N, Majem Tarruella M, Casas-Martin J, Tsourti Z, Marti N, Kammler R, Danson S, O'Brien M, Stahel RA. Assessment of RANK/RANK-L prevalence and clinical significance in NSCLC European Thoracic Oncology Platform Lungscape cohort and SPLENDOUR randomized clinical trial. Lung Cancer 2023; 175:141-151. [PMID: 36535121 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of RANK/L expression, in both a retrospective cohort of surgically resected stage I-III NSCLC (Lungscape) and a randomized clinical trial-cohort (SPLENDOUR) of advanced NSCLC treated with chemotherapy alone or in combination with denosumab. METHODS RANK-L expression was assessed on tissue microarrays (TMAs) in Lungscape and whole sections in SPLENDOUR, using immunohistochemistry, with H-scores values > 0 indicating positivity. Prevalence of RANK positivity and its association with clinicopathological characteristics, and patient outcome was explored in a subset of the ETOP Lungscape cohort and in SPLENDOUR. Also investigated were the prevalence of RANK overexpression (proportion of positive cancer cells ≥ 50%) in the Lungscape cohort, and RANK-L in the SPLENDOUR trial. RESULTS In the Lungscape cohort, RANK expression was assessed at a median follow-up of 46 months (N = 488 patients; 4 centers); 35% were female, 44/49/6% adenocarcinomas (AC)/squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)/other, 48/27/25% with stage I/II/III. Median RFS/TTR/OS were 58/Not reached/74 months. Prevalence of RANK expression was 31% (95%CI:27%-35%); significantly higher in AC: 50% (95%CI:43%-57%) vs SCC: 12% (95%CI:8%-16%) (p < 0.001); more frequent in females (42% vs 25%, p < 0.001) and tumors ≤ 4 cm (35.3% vs 23.3%, p = 0.0065). No association with outcome was found. In the SPLENDOUR trial (463 patients), the prevalence of membranous and cytoplasmic RANK positivity was 34% (95%CI:30%-38%) and 9% (95%CI:7%-12%), respectively, while prevalence for RANK-L was 5% (95%CI:3%-7%) and 36% (95%CI:31%-40%), respectively. Cytoplasmic RANK-L positivity was more common among females (47% vs 31%, p = 0.001) and in non-SCC histology (45% vs 10%, p < 0.0001). At the pre-specified 1% significance level, no prognostic or predictive effect was found. CONCLUSIONS Both cohorts indicate that RANK expression is more common in adenocarcinoma/non-squamous NSCLC and in female patients. No prognostic effect is found, and in the clinical trial involving addition of denosumab to chemotherapy no predictive effect is detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Igor Letovanec
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland, Hôpital du Valais - Institut Central des Hôpitaux (ICH), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Mauer
- Headquarters, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), 83 Avenue E. Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Urania Dafni
- Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas & National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dunson Ejedepang
- Headquarters, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), 83 Avenue E. Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wojciech Biernat
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne Warth
- Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, current address: Institute of Pathology, Cytopathology, and Molecular Pathology MVZ UEGP Giessen / Wetzlar / Limburg, Germany
| | - Saraswati Pokharel
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Niels Reinmuth
- Department of Oncology, Asklepios Kliniken GmbH - Asklepios Fachkliniken Muenchen-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jose Casas-Martin
- Headquarters, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), 83 Avenue E. Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zoi Tsourti
- Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - Nesa Marti
- Translational Research Coordination, ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roswitha Kammler
- Translational Research Coordination, ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Danson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism & Sheffield Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mary O'Brien
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Rolf A Stahel
- President, ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, Coordinating Center, Bern, Switzerland.
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15
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Zulfiqar B, Farooq A, Kanwal S, Asghar K. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy for lung cancer: Current status and future perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1035171. [PMID: 36518665 PMCID: PMC9742438 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1035171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the highest incidence of morbidity and mortality throughout the globe. A large number of patients are diagnosed with lung cancer at the later stages of the disease. This eliminates surgery as an option and places complete dependence on radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and/or a combination of both, to halt disease progression by targeting the tumor cells. Unfortunately, these therapies have rarely proved to be effective, and this necessitates the search for alternative preventive approaches to reduce the mortality rate of lung cancer. One of the effective therapies against lung cancer comprises targeting the tumor microenvironment. Like any other cancer cells, lung cancer cells tend to use multiple pathways to maintain their survival and suppress different immune responses from the host's body. This review comprehensively covers the role and the mechanisms that involve the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) in lung adenocarcinoma and methods of treating it by altering the tumor microenvironment. It focuses on the insight and understanding of the lung cancer tumor microenvironment and chemokines, cytokines, and activating molecules that take part in angiogenesis and metastasis. The review paper accounts for the novel and current immunotherapy and targeted therapy available for lung cancer in clinical trials and in the research phases in depth. Special attention is being paid to mark out single or multiple genes that are required for malignancy and survival while developing targeted therapies for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Zulfiqar
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Asim Farooq
- Department of Clinical Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahzina Kanwal
- Institute of Molecular Physiology at Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kashif Asghar
- Department of Basic Sciences Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
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16
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Wang W, Zeng R, Liu M, Chen M, Wei S, Li B, Yu S. Exosome proteomics study of the effects of traditional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes on human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 86:105516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Kim M, Vu NT, Wang X, Bulut GB, Wang MH, Uram-Tuculescu C, Pillappa R, Kim S, Chalfant CE. Caspase-9b drives cellular transformation, lung inflammation, and lung tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1284-1294. [PMID: 35412615 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caspase 9 undergoes alternative splicing to produce two opposing isoforms: pro-apoptotic Caspase-9a (C9a) and pro-survival Caspase-9b (C9b). Previously, our laboratory reported that C9b is expressed in majority of non-small cell lung cancer tumors and directly activates the NF-κB pathway. In this study, the role of C9b in activation of the NF-κB pathway in vivo, lung inflammation and immune responses, and lung tumorigenesis were examined. Specifically, a transgenic mouse model expressing human C9b in the lung pneumocytes developed inflammatory lung lesions, which correlated with enhanced activation of the NF-κB pathway and increased influx of immunosuppressive MDSCs in contrast to wild-type mice. C9b mice presented with facial dermatitis, a thickened and disorganized dermis, enhanced collagen depth, and increased serum levels of IL-6. C9b mice also developed spontaneous lung tumors, and C9b cooperated with oncogenic KRAS in lung tumorigenesis. C9b expression also cooperated with oncogenic KRAS and p53 downregulation to drive the full cell transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells (e.g., tumor formation). Implications: Our findings show that C9b can directly activate NF-κB pathway in vivo to modulate lung inflammation, immune cell influx, and peripheral immune responses, which demonstrates that C9b is key factor in driving cell transformation and lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kim
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ngoc T Vu
- University of South Florida, United States
| | - Xue Wang
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Virginia, United States
| | - Gamze B Bulut
- Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Min-Hsuan Wang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | | | - Raghavendra Pillappa
- Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | | | - Charles E Chalfant
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
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Gao F, Mu X, Wu H, Chen L, Liu J, Zhao Y. Calreticulin (CALR)-induced activation of NF-ĸB signaling pathway boosts lung cancer cell proliferation. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6856-6865. [PMID: 35264066 PMCID: PMC8974040 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2040874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) is known to be aberrantly expressed in lung though the etiology underlying this phenomenon remains undetermined. The (Cancer Genome Atlas) databases were adopted to evaluate the expression status of CALR in pan-cancer, including Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accompanied with Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GETx) database. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were plotted to assess its clinical significance in lung cancer. CCK8 and colony formation assays were conducted in addition to in vivo assays. The impact of CALR expression on NF-ĸB-mediated luciferase activity was detected by Luciferase assays. The regulatory relationship between CALR and NF-ĸB was further verified by NF-ĸB inhibitor treatment. LUAD and LUSC tissues reflected marked elevation in the mRNA levels of CALR. ROC analysis showed that CALR expression had a diagnostic value for LUAD or LUSC patients. High-CARL patients demonstrated inferior survival compared to that of Low-CALR patients. Functional assays revealed increased proliferative behaviors of A549 and H1299 cells associated with highly amplified while CALR gene inactivation could reduce the proliferation of both cells. CALR depletion decreased xenograft tumor growth. NF-ĸB transcriptional activity was found to be stimulated with CALR overexpression and reduced in CALR-deficient lung cancer cells, thereby clearly indicating CALR-dependent NF-ĸB activation. NF-ĸB specific inhibitors further validated enhanced NF-ĸB activity mediated by CALR overexpression. Conclusively, our results the role of CALR in lung cancer cells, indicating that highly expressed CALR proliferation at least by activation of NF-ĸB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Xiaoqian Mu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
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Chen YH, Ho UC, Kuo LT. Oligometastatic Disease in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An Update. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051350. [PMID: 35267658 PMCID: PMC8909159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Approximately 7–50% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develop oligometastases, which are new tumors found in another part of the body, arising from cancer cells of the original tumor that have travelled through the body. In recent years, these patients have been increasingly regarded as a distinct group that could benefit from treatment that intends to cure the disease, rather than palliative care, to achieve a better clinical outcome. Various treatment procedures have been developed for treating NSCLC patients with different oligometastatic sites. In addition, the newly proposed uniform definition for oligometastases as well as ongoing trials may lead to increased appropriate patient selection and evaluation of treatment effectiveness. The aim of this review article is to summarize the latest evidence regarding optimal management strategies for NSCLC patients with oligometastases. Abstract Oligometastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a distinct entity that is different from localized and disseminated diseases. The definition of oligometastatic NSCLC varies across studies in past decades owing to the use of different imaging modalities; however, a uniform definition of oligometastatic NSCLC has been proposed, and this may facilitate trial design and evaluation of certain interventions. Patients with oligometastatic NSCLC are candidates for curative-intent management, in which local ablative treatment, such as surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery, should be instituted to improve clinical outcomes. Although current guidelines recommend that local therapy for thoracic and metastatic lesions should be considered for patients with oligometastatic NSCLC with stable disease after systemic therapy, optimal management strategies for different oligometastatic sites have not been established. Additionally, the development of personalized therapies for individual patients with oligometastatic NSCLC to improve their quality of life and overall survival should also be addressed. Here, we review relevant articles on the management of patients with oligometastatic NSCLC and categorize the disease according to the site of metastases. Ongoing trials are also summarized to determine future directions and expectations for new treatment modalities to improve patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsing Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (U.-C.H.)
| | - Ue-Cheung Ho
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (U.-C.H.)
| | - Lu-Ting Kuo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456
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Wang K, Li R, Zhang Y, Qi W, Fang T, Yue W, Tian H. Prognostic Significance and Therapeutic Target of CXC Chemokines in the Microenvironment of Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:2283-2300. [PMID: 35250303 PMCID: PMC8896202 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s352511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most important subtypes of lung cancer and has a high morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory CXC chemokines in tumor microenvironment can stimulate tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis, affecting the prognosis of patients. However, the differential expression profiles, prognostic values, and specific mechanisms of the CXC chemokine family in LUAD have not been clarified. Methods Transcriptome expression profile data were extracted from TIMER and TCGA. GEPIA was used to compare the relationship between CXC chemokines and clinicopathologic parameters. The prognostic analysis was performed using a Kaplan–Meier curve in GEPIA. LinkedOmics and TRRUST were applied to conduct the enrichment analysis of the regulatory networks containing the kinase targets, miRNA targets, and transcriptional factor targets. The characteristics of immune infiltration and immune-related clinical outcomes were evaluated with TIMER algorithms. Single-cell RNA sequencing localization analysis of genes as prognostic biomarkers were performed by PanglaoDB. Results Nine differentially expressed genes were identified in LUAD compared to normal tissues. Aberrant expression of CXCL2 (P =0.0017), CXCL13 (P= 0.0271), CXCL16 (P= 0.016), and CXCL17 (P= 2.14e-5) was significantly correlated with clinical cancer stage. Furthermore, patients with low gene transcription of CXCL 7 (P = 0.017) and high expression of CXCL 17 (P = 0.00045) had a better prognosis in LUAD. We also found that immune cell infiltration was significantly correlated with LUAD microenvironment mediated by CXC chemokines. Cox proportional hazard model test was conducted and indicated that B cell infiltration could prolong the survival of the LUAD patients. CXCL17 exerted anti-tumors effect through pulmonary alveolar type II cells according to single-cell analysis. Conclusion Our research identified the aberrant expression profiles and prognostic biomarkers of CXC chemokines in LUAD. This detailed analysis of the regulatory factor networks for CXC chemokine gene expression may provide novel insights for selecting potential immunotherapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongyang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiming Yue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hui Tian, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Liu AR, Ramakrishnan P. Regulation of Nuclear Factor-kappaB Function by O-GlcNAcylation in Inflammation and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751761. [PMID: 34722537 PMCID: PMC8555427 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is a pleiotropic, evolutionarily conserved transcription factor family that plays a central role in regulating immune responses, inflammation, cell survival, and apoptosis. Great strides have been made in the past three decades to understand the role of NF-κB in physiological and pathological conditions. Carcinogenesis is associated with constitutive activation of NF-κB that promotes tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis evasion. NF-κB is ubiquitously expressed, however, its activity is under tight regulation by inhibitors of the pathway and through multiple posttranslational modifications. O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic posttranslational modification that controls NF-κB-dependent transactivation. O-GlcNAcylation acts as a nutrient-dependent rheostat of cellular signaling. Increased uptake of glucose and glutamine by cancer cells enhances NF-κB O-GlcNAcylation. Growing evidence indicates that O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB is a key molecular mechanism that regulates cancer cell proliferation, survival and metastasis and acts as link between inflammation and cancer. In this review, we are attempting to summarize the current understanding of the cohesive role of NF-κB O-GlcNAcylation in inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rose Liu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Parameswaran Ramakrishnan
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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miR-370-3p as a Novel Biomarker Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Targeting FBLN5. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:4649890. [PMID: 34475958 PMCID: PMC8407987 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4649890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs play a crucial part in multiple biological processes of cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. In cancer, miRNAs can be divided into oncogenes or tumor suppressors on the basis of their functions in the carcinogenic process. The purpose of this study was to explore the roles and clinical diagnostic value of miR-370-3p in breast cancer. Our results demonstrated that miR-370-3p significantly promoted proliferation, metastasis, and stemness of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. In particular, clinical data revealed that high expression of serum miR-370-3p and exosomal miR-370-3p from breast cancer patients was remarkably correlated with lymphatic metastasis and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages. Mechanistically, miR-370-3p inhibited FBLN5 expression and activated the NF-κB signaling pathway to promote breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and stemness. FBLN5 expression was significantly decreased in breast cancer cells and tumor tissues of breast cancer patients. Our research identified that miR-370-3p promoted breast cancer progression by inhibiting FBLN5 expression and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Serum exosomal miR-370-3p would provide a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Roupakia E, Chavdoula E, Karpathiou G, Vatsellas G, Chatzopoulos D, Mela A, Gillette JM, Kriegsmann K, Kriegsmann M, Batistatou A, Goussia A, Marcu KB, Karteris E, Klinakis A, Kolettas E. Canonical NF-κB Promotes Lung Epithelial Cell Tumour Growth by Downregulating the Metastasis Suppressor CD82 and Enhancing Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Cell Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174302. [PMID: 34503110 PMCID: PMC8428346 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Canonical NF-κB signalling pathway acts as a tumour promoter in several types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the mechanism(s) by which it contributes to NSCLC is still under investigation. We show here that NF-κB RelA/p65 is required for the tumour growth of human NSCLC cells grown in vivo as xenografts in immune-compromised mice. RNA-seq transcriptome profile analysis identified the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1/TSPAN27 as a canonical NF-κB target. Loss of CD82 correlated with malignancy. RelA/p65 stimulates cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by CD82/KAI1, through integrin-mediated signalling, thus, identifying a mechanism mediating NF-κB RelA/p65 lung tumour promoting function. Abstract Background: The development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. These include somatic oncogenic KRAS and EGFR mutations and inactivating TP53 tumour suppressor mutations, leading to activation of canonical NF-κB. However, the mechanism(s) by which canonical NF-κB contributes to NSCLC is still under investigation. Methods: Human NSCLC cells were used to knock-down RelA/p65 (RelA/p65KD) and investigate its impact on cell growth, and its mechanism of action by employing RNA-seq analysis, qPCR, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and functional assays. Results: RelA/p65KD reduced the proliferation and tumour growth of human NSCLC cells grown in vivo as xenografts in immune-compromised mice. RNA-seq analysis identified canonical NF-κB targets mediating its tumour promoting function. RelA/p65KD resulted in the upregulation of the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1/TSPAN27 and downregulation of the proto-oncogene ROS1, and LGR6 involved in Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Immunohistochemical and bioinformatics analysis of human NSCLC samples showed that CD82 loss correlated with malignancy. RelA/p65KD suppressed cell migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), mediated, in part, by CD82/KAI1, through integrin-mediated signalling involving the mitogenic ERK, Akt1 and Rac1 proteins. Conclusions: Canonical NF-κB signalling promotes NSCLC, in part, by downregulating the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1 which inhibits cell migration, EMT and tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Roupakia
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, University Research Centre, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Evangelia Chavdoula
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Giannis Vatsellas
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Chatzopoulos
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Angeliki Mela
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center, Irving Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Jennifer M. Gillette
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Goussia
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (G.K.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Kenneth B. Marcu
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Microbiology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, New York, NY 11794, USA
| | - Emmanouil Karteris
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, London UB8 PH, UK;
| | - Apostolos Klinakis
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (D.C.); (K.B.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, University Research Centre, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of Ioannina Campus, 45115 Ioannina, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-26510-07578; Fax: +30-26510-07863
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Gilmore TD. NF-κB and Human Cancer: What Have We Learned over the Past 35 Years? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080889. [PMID: 34440093 PMCID: PMC8389606 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor NF-κB has been extensively studied for its varied roles in cancer development since its initial characterization as a potent retroviral oncogene. It is now clear that NF-κB also plays a major role in a large variety of human cancers, including especially ones of immune cell origin. NF-κB is generally constitutively or aberrantly activated in human cancers where it is involved. These activations can occur due to mutations in the NF-κB transcription factors themselves, in upstream regulators of NF-κB, or in pathways that impact NF-κB. In addition, NF-κB can be activated by tumor-assisting processes such as inflammation, stromal effects, and genetic or epigenetic changes in chromatin. Aberrant NF-κB activity can affect many tumor-associated processes, including cell survival, cell cycle progression, inflammation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and regulatory T cell function. As such, inhibition of NF-κB has often been investigated as an anticancer strategy. Nevertheless, with a few exceptions, NF-κB inhibition has had limited success in human cancer treatment. This review covers general themes that have emerged regarding the biological roles and mechanisms by which NF-κB contributes to human cancers and new thoughts on how NF-κB may be targeted for cancer prognosis or therapy.
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Breitenecker K, Homolya M, Luca AC, Lang V, Trenk C, Petroczi G, Mohrherr J, Horvath J, Moritsch S, Haas L, Kurnaeva M, Eferl R, Stoiber D, Moriggl R, Bilban M, Obenauf AC, Ferran C, Dome B, Laszlo V, Győrffy B, Dezso K, Moldvay J, Casanova E, Moll HP. Down-regulation of A20 promotes immune escape of lung adenocarcinomas. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabc3911. [PMID: 34233950 PMCID: PMC7611502 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a well-known driver of lung tumorigenesis. One strategy by which tumor cells escape tight homeostatic control is by decreasing the expression of the potent anti-inflammatory protein tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), also known as A20. We observed that tumor cell intrinsic loss of A20 markedly enhanced lung tumorigenesis and was associated with reduced CD8+ T cell-mediated immune surveillance in patients with lung cancer and in mouse models. In mice, we observed that this effect was completely dependent on increased cellular sensitivity to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling by aberrant activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and increased downstream expression and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Interrupting this autocrine feed forward loop by knocking out IFN-α/β receptor completely restored infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and rescued loss of A20 depending tumorigenesis. Downstream of STAT1, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) was highly expressed in A20 knockout lung tumors. Accordingly, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment was highly efficient in mice harboring A20-deficient lung tumors. Furthermore, an A20 loss-of-function gene expression signature positively correlated with survival of melanoma patients treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1. Together, we have identified A20 as a master immune checkpoint regulating the TBK1-STAT1-PD-L1 axis that may be exploited to improve ICB therapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Breitenecker
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Homolya
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreea C Luca
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Lang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Trenk
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Petroczi
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Mohrherr
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jaqueline Horvath
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Moritsch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Haas
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, AT-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarita Kurnaeva
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, AT-3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, AT-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna C Obenauf
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, AT-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiane Ferran
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and the Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Transplant Institute and the Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Balazs Dome
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- 1st Department of Tumor Biology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, HU-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology and Semmelweis University, HU-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- 1st Department of Tumor Biology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, HU-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, and 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, HU-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, HU-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, HU-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Dezso
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, HU-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Moldvay
- 1st Department of Pulmonology, National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, HU-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- SE-NAP Brain Metastasis Research Group, 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, HU-1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emilio Casanova
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Herwig P Moll
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Han F, Chen G, Guo Y, Li B, Sun Y, Qi X, Tian H, Zhao X, Zhang H. MicroRNA-4491 enhances cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer via targeting TRIM7. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:591. [PMID: 34149902 PMCID: PMC8200940 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the biological roles of several aberrantly expressed miRNAs have not been explored yet. In the present study, miR-4491 was identified as a novel upregulated miRNA in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of miR-4491 by a miR-4491 inhibitor inhibited the proliferation and triggered the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Tripartite motif containing 7 (TRIM7), a tumor suppressor gene expressed in NSCLC, was demonstrated in the present study to be directly targeted by miR-4491. This finding was verified by bioinformatics analysis, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and dual luciferase reporter assays. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-4491 inactivated nuclear factor-κB signaling via induction of TRIM7. In addition, TRIM7 silencing attenuated the effect of miR-4491 inhibitor in NSCLC cells. The decreased TRIM7 level in NSCLC tissues was negatively correlated with miR-4491 expression in NSCLC tissues. In conclusion, the findings from this study demonstrated that miR-4491 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells and that miR-4491 may promote NSCLC progression via targeting TRIM7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Yanlong Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqian Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Hanji Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Xinfei Zhao
- Taiyuan Jinyu Clinical Laboratory, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
| | - Hongguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, P.R. China
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Maroni G, Bassal MA, Krishnan I, Fhu CW, Savova V, Zilionis R, Maymi VA, Pandell N, Csizmadia E, Zhang J, Storti B, Castaño J, Panella R, Li J, Gustafson CE, Fox S, Levy RD, Meyerovitz CV, Tramontozzi PJ, Vermilya K, De Rienzo A, Crucitta S, Bassères DS, Weetall M, Branstrom A, Giorgetti A, Ciampi R, Del Re M, Danesi R, Bizzarri R, Yang H, Kocher O, Klein AM, Welner RS, Bueno R, Magli MC, Clohessy JG, Ali A, Tenen DG, Levantini E. Identification of a targetable KRAS-mutant epithelial population in non-small cell lung cancer. Commun Biol 2021; 4:370. [PMID: 33854168 PMCID: PMC8046784 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths. Tumor heterogeneity, which hampers development of targeted therapies, was herein deconvoluted via single cell RNA sequencing in aggressive human adenocarcinomas (carrying Kras-mutations) and comparable murine model. We identified a tumor-specific, mutant-KRAS-associated subpopulation which is conserved in both human and murine lung cancer. We previously reported a key role for the oncogene BMI-1 in adenocarcinomas. We therefore investigated the effects of in vivo PTC596 treatment, which affects BMI-1 activity, in our murine model. Post-treatment, MRI analysis showed decreased tumor size, while single cell transcriptomics concomitantly detected near complete ablation of the mutant-KRAS-associated subpopulation, signifying the presence of a pharmacologically targetable, tumor-associated subpopulation. Our findings therefore hold promise for the development of a targeted therapy for KRAS-mutant adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Maroni
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mahmoud A Bassal
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Chee Wai Fhu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Virginia Savova
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rapolas Zilionis
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Valerie A Maymi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Pandell
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva Csizmadia
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Barbara Storti
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Julio Castaño
- Platform for Immunotherapy BST-Hospital Clinic, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Riccardo Panella
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Jia Li
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Corinne E Gustafson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sam Fox
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel D Levy
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire V Meyerovitz
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter J Tramontozzi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Vermilya
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Assunta De Rienzo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefania Crucitta
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela S Bassères
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marla Weetall
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ, USA
| | - Art Branstrom
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ, USA
| | - Alessandra Giorgetti
- Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Stem Cell Biology and Leukemiogenesis Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raffaele Ciampi
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzia Del Re
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romano Danesi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ranieri Bizzarri
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Olivier Kocher
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allon M Klein
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert S Welner
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Medicine, Hemathology/Oncology, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raphael Bueno
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Lung Center and the International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Cristina Magli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - John G Clohessy
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Azhar Ali
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel G Tenen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Elena Levantini
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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28
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Pulmonary Inflammation and KRAS Mutation in Lung Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33788188 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung infection and lung cancer are two of the most important pulmonary diseases. Respiratory infection and its associated inflammation have been increasingly investigated for their role in increasing the risk of respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) is one of the most important regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. KRAS mutations are among the most common drivers of cancer. Lung cancer harboring KRAS mutations accounted for ~25% of the incidence but the relationship between KRAS mutation and inflammation remains unclear. In this chapter, we will describe the roles of KRAS mutation in lung cancer and how elevated inflammatory responses may increase KRAS mutation rate and create a vicious cycle of chronic inflammation and KRAS mutation that likely results in persistent potentiation for KRAS-associated lung tumorigenesis. We will discuss in this chapter regarding the studies of KRAS gene mutations in specimens from lung cancer patients and in animal models for investigating the role of inflammation in increasing the risk of lung tumorigenesis driven primarily by oncogenic KRAS.
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Köhler J, Jänne PA. If Virchow and Ehrlich Had Dreamt Together: What the Future Holds for KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3025. [PMID: 33809660 PMCID: PMC8002337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) mutations has notoriously challenged oncologists and researchers for three notable reasons: (1) the historical assumption that KRAS is "undruggable", (2) the disease heterogeneity and (3) the shaping of the tumor microenvironment by KRAS downstream effector functions. Better insights into KRAS structural biochemistry allowed researchers to develop direct KRAS(G12C) inhibitors, which have shown early signs of clinical activity in NSCLC patients and have recently led to an FDA breakthrough designation for AMG-510. Following the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors for PDL1-positive NSCLC, this could fuel yet another major paradigm shift in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Here, we review advances in our understanding of the biology of direct KRAS inhibition and project future opportunities and challenges of dual KRAS and immune checkpoint inhibition. This strategy is supported by preclinical models which show that KRAS(G12C) inhibitors can turn some immunologically "cold" tumors into "hot" ones and therefore could benefit patients whose tumors harbor subtype-defining STK11/LKB1 co-mutations. Forty years after the discovery of KRAS as a transforming oncogene, we are on the verge of approval of the first KRAS-targeted drug combinations, thus therapeutically unifying Paul Ehrlich's century-old "magic bullet" vision with Rudolf Virchow's cancer inflammation theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Köhler
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Pasi A. Jänne
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Sciences, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Abstract
IL-6 is involved both in immune responses and in inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism and embryonic development. IL-6 plays roles in chronic inflammation (closely related to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer) and even in the cytokine storm of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acute inflammation during the immune response and wound healing is a well-controlled response, whereas chronic inflammation and the cytokine storm are uncontrolled inflammatory responses. Non-immune and immune cells, cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and transcription factors nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) play central roles in inflammation. Synergistic interactions between NF-κB and STAT3 induce the hyper-activation of NF-κB followed by the production of various inflammatory cytokines. Because IL-6 is an NF-κB target, simultaneous activation of NF-κB and STAT3 in non-immune cells triggers a positive feedback loop of NF-κB activation by the IL-6-STAT3 axis. This positive feedback loop is called the IL-6 amplifier (IL-6 Amp) and is a key player in the local initiation model, which states that local initiators, such as senescence, obesity, stressors, infection, injury and smoking, trigger diseases by promoting interactions between non-immune cells and immune cells. This model counters dogma that holds that autoimmunity and oncogenesis are triggered by the breakdown of tissue-specific immune tolerance and oncogenic mutations, respectively. The IL-6 Amp is activated by a variety of local initiators, demonstrating that the IL-6-STAT3 axis is a critical target for treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Hirano
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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31
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Lalle G, Twardowski J, Grinberg-Bleyer Y. NF-κB in Cancer Immunity: Friend or Foe? Cells 2021; 10:355. [PMID: 33572260 PMCID: PMC7914614 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapies has definitely proven the tight relationship between malignant and immune cells, its impact on cancer outcome and its therapeutic potential. In this context, it is undoubtedly critical to decipher the transcriptional regulation of these complex interactions. Following early observations demonstrating the roles of NF-κB in cancer initiation and progression, a series of studies converge to establish NF-κB as a master regulator of immune responses to cancer. Importantly, NF-κB is a family of transcriptional activators and repressors that can act at different stages of cancer immunity. In this review, we provide an overview of the selective cell-intrinsic contributions of NF-κB to the distinct cell types that compose the tumor immune environment. We also propose a new view of NF-κB targeting drugs as a new class of immunotherapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; (G.L.); (J.T.)
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32
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Inhibition of cystathionine β-synthase promotes apoptosis and reduces cell proliferation in chronic myeloid leukemia. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:52. [PMID: 33558454 PMCID: PMC7870845 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) level by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) has been shown to closely relate tumorigenesis. H2S promotes angiogenesis, stimulates bioenergy metabolism and inhibits selective phosphatases. However, the role of CBS and H2S in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains elusive. In this study, we found that CBS and H2S levels were increased in the bone marrow mononuclear cells of pediatric CML patients, as well as in the CML-derived K562 cells and CBS expression levels were correlated with different disease phases. Inhibition of CBS reduced the proliferation of the CML primary bone marrow mononuclear cells and induced growth inhibition, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and migration suppression in K562 cells and tumor xenografts. The knockdown of CBS expression by shRNA and inhibiting CBS activity by AOAA decreased the endogenous H2S levels, promoted mitochondrial-related apoptosis and inhibited the NF-κB-mediated gene expression. Our study suggests that inhibition of CBS induces cell apoptosis, as well as limits cell proliferation and migration, a potential target for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia.
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33
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STAT3 Stabilizes IKKα Protein through Direct Interaction in Transformed and Cancerous Human Breast Epithelial Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010082. [PMID: 33396715 PMCID: PMC7795115 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) are two representative transcription factors that play a critical role in inflammation-associated tumorigenesis through multi-level cooperation. Unlike other types of tumors, breast carcinomas have shown a significant dependency on the non-classical NF-κB pathway as well as the classical one. The α subunit of the inhibitor of the κB kinase (IKK) complex, IKKα, is involved in both classical and non-classical activation of NF-κB. Although the cross-talk between STAT3 and NF-κB has been suggested in several studies, the interplay between STAT3 and the regulators of NF-κB including IKKα has not been fully clarified yet. In this study, we observed overexpression and co-localization of IKKα and STAT3 in human breast cancer tissues as well as in H-Ras transformed human breast epithelial (H-Ras MCF-10A) and breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells. By utilizing small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology, we were able to demonstrate that STAT3 up-regulated IKKα, but not IKKβ or IKKγ, in these cells. This was attributable to direct binding to and subsequent stabilization of IKKα protein by blocking the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Notably, we identified the lysine 44 residue of IKKα as a putative binding site for STAT3. Moreover, siRNA knockdown of IKKα attenuated viability, anchorage-independent growth and migratory capabilities of H-Ras MCF-10A cells. Taken together, these findings propose a novel mechanism responsible for NF-κB activation by STAT3 through stabilization of IKKα, which contributes to breast cancer promotion and progression. Thus, breaking the STAT3-IKKα alliance can be an alternative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of breast cancer.
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34
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Sun T, Zhang K, Pangeni RP, Wu J, Li W, Du Y, Guo Y, Chaurasiya S, Arvanitis L, Raz DJ. G9a Promotes Invasion and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through Enhancing Focal Adhesion Kinase Activation via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:429-440. [PMID: 33298547 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Potential roles of euchromatic histone methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2 or G9a) in invasion and metastasis are not well understood in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we investigated the effect and underlying mechanisms of G9a and therapeutic implications of targeting G9a in the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. Overexpression of G9a significantly enhanced in vitro proliferation and invasion, while knockdown of G9a drastically suppressed in vivo growth and metastasis of A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells. Knockdown or inhibition of G9a significantly decreased the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) protein and activation of FAK pathway. In addition, defactinib, a potent FAK inhibitor, partially abolished the G9a-enhanced invasion in these NSCLC cells. Furthermore, targeting G9a was found to suppress NF-κB transcriptional activity in NSCLC cells through stabilizing NF-κB inhibitor alpha (IκBα), while an NF-κB inhibitor Parthenilide partially abolished the G9a-enhanced FAK activation, which suggests that G9a-enhanced invasion and activation of FAK is mediated by elevated NF-κB activity. Notably, a strong positive correlation between the IHC staining of G9a and phosphorylated FAK proteins was identified in H1299 xenografts and 159 cases of NSCLC tissues (R = 0.408). IMPLICATIONS: The findings of this study strongly demonstrate that G9a may promote invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells by enhancing FAK signaling pathway via elevating NF-κB transcriptional activity, indicating potential significance and therapeutic implications of these pathways in the invasion and metastasis of NSCLCs that overexpress G9a protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.,Laboratory of Surgery, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Jun Wu
- Division of Comparative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Wendong Li
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Yong Du
- Laboratory of Surgery, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Division of Comparative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | | | - Leonidas Arvanitis
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Dan J Raz
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.
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35
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He T, Shen H, Wang S, Wang Y, He Z, Zhu L, Du X, Wang D, Li J, Zhong S, Huang W, Yang H. MicroRNA-3613-5p Promotes Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation through a RELA and AKT/MAPK Positive Feedback Loop. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:572-583. [PMID: 33230458 PMCID: PMC7562961 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/RELA is often found in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, we determined that microRNA-3613-5p (miR-3613-5p) plays a crucial role in RELA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of LUAD cell proliferation. Expression of miR-3613-5p in clinical LUAD specimens is associated with poor prognosis in LUAD. Upregulation of miR-3613-5p promotes LUAD cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggested a mechanism whereby miR-3613-5p expression is induced by RELA through its direct interaction with JUN, thereby stimulating the AKT/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by directly targeting NR5A2. In addition, we also found that phosphorylation of AKT1 and MAPK3/1 co-transactivates RELA, thus constituting a RELA/JUN/miR-3613-5p/NR5A2/AKT1/MAPK3/1 positive feedback loop, leading to persistent NF-κB activation. Our findings also revealed that miR-3613-5p plays an oncogenic role in LUAD by promoting cell proliferation and acting as a key regulator of the positive feedback loop underlying the link between the NF-κB/RELA and AKT/MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Hongyou Shen
- Emergency Department, Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510310, P.R. China
| | - Shuangmiao Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Litong Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518028, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Du
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Shizhen Zhong
- National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524002, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
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36
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Hamarsheh S, Groß O, Brummer T, Zeiser R. Immune modulatory effects of oncogenic KRAS in cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5439. [PMID: 33116132 PMCID: PMC7595113 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic KRAS mutations are the most frequent mutations in human cancer, but most difficult to target. While sustained proliferation caused by oncogenic KRAS-downstream signalling is a main driver of carcinogenesis, there is increasing evidence that it also mediates autocrine effects and crosstalk with the tumour microenvironment (TME). Here, we discuss recent reports connecting KRAS mutations with tumour-promoting inflammation and immune modulation caused by KRAS that leads to immune escape in the TME. We discuss the preclinical work on KRAS-induced inflammation and immune modulation in the context of currently ongoing clinical trials targeting cancer entities that carry KRAS mutations and strategies to overcome the oncogene-induced effects on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaima'a Hamarsheh
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Groß
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) and Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg (CCCF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) and Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg (CCCF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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37
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Liu YN, Tsai MF, Wu SG, Chang TH, Tsai TH, Gow CH, Wang HY, Shih JY. miR-146b-5p Enhances the Sensitivity of NSCLC to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by Regulating the IRAK1/NF-κB Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:471-483. [PMID: 33230450 PMCID: PMC7554328 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) show good clinical response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), patients eventually develop acquired resistance. Previous studies have shown that several microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in EGFR TKI resistance. Here, we aimed to investigate whether miR-146b-5p sensitizes the EGFR TKI-resistant lung cancer cells. Clinical analysis showed that miR-146b-5p expression in lung cancer cells isolated from pleural effusions of treatment-naive patients was significantly higher than that after acquiring resistance to EGFR TKI treatment. Ectopic expression of miR-146b-5p in EGFR TKI-resistant cells enhanced EGFR TKI-induced apoptosis. The same results were observed in EGFR-dependent and -independent osimertinib-resistant primary cancer cells (PE3479 and PE2988). Mechanically, miR-146b-5p suppressed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activity and NF-κB-related IL-6 and IL-8 production by targeting IRAK1. A negative correlation was observed between miR-146b-5p and IRAK1 in clinical specimens. In rescue experiments, restoration of IRAK1 expression reversed the effects of miR-146b-5p on EGFR TKI sensitivity and recovered NF-κB-regulated IL-6 and IL-8 production. In conclusion, miR-146b-5p/IRAK1/NF-κB signaling is important in promoting EGFR TKI resistance, and miR-146b-5p may be a useful tool for overcoming EGFR TKI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Feng Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Gin Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsiu Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Gow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Yuan Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li L, Wang T, Hu M, Zhang Y, Chen H, Xu L. Metformin Overcomes Acquired Resistance to EGFR TKIs in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer via AMPK/ERK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1605. [PMID: 33014814 PMCID: PMC7511631 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The major limitation of EGFR TKIs in EGFR-mutant lung cancer therapy is the development of acquired resistance. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown in about 30% of cases. NF-κB activation was encountered in the acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs. Unfortunately, none of NF-κB inhibitors has been clinically approved. The most commonly used antidiabetic drug metformin has demonstrated antitumor effects associated with NF-κB inhibition. Therefore, in this study, metformin was examined for its antitumor and antiresistance effects and underlying mechanisms. Methods:In vitro and in vivo EGFR-mutant lung cancer models with acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs were used. Results: We found that NF-κB was activated in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells with acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs. Metformin inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of lung cancer cells, especially those with acquired EGFR TKI resistance. Moreover, metformin reversed and delayed acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs as well as suppressed cancer stemness in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Mechanistically, those effects of metformin were associated with activation of AMPK, resulting in the inhibition of downstream ERK/NF-κB signaling. Conclusions: Our data provided novel and further molecular rationale and preclinical data to support combination of metformin with EGFR TKIs to treat EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients, especially those with acquired resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdi Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang B, Jing T, Jin W, Chen J, Wu C, Wang M, Liu Y. KIAA1522 potentiates TNFα-NFκB signaling to antagonize platinum-based chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:170. [PMID: 32854746 PMCID: PMC7450600 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line regimen for the treatment of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the therapeutic efficiency is largely limited by tenacious chemo-insensitivity that results in inferior prognosis in a cohort of patients. It has been known that KIAA1522 is aberrantly expressed and implicated in several types of solid tumors including NSCLC. Nowadays, knowledge about this gene is quite limited. Here, we aimed to identify the role of KIAA1522 in lung adenocarcinomas, and the molecular events that underlie KIAA1522-mediated chemoresistance to the platinum. Methods Immunohistochemistry were used to detect KIAA1522 expression in clinical NSCLC samples. Then, the survival analyses were performed to assess the link between KIAA1522 expression and overall survival or therapeutic outcome. In vivo depletion of KIAA1522 in adenocarcinoma cells were achieved by adeno-associated virus-mediated sgRNA/Cre delivery into the conditional KrasG12D/Cas9 expressed mice, which were designated to identify the roles of KIAA1522 in tumorigenesis and/or chemotherapy responses. The effects of KIAA1522 and downstream molecular events were studied by pharmacology in mice model and assays using in vitro cultured cells. The clinical relevance of our findings was examined by data-mining of online datasets from multiple cohorts. Results The clinical evidences reveal that KIAA1522 independently predicts both the overall survival and the outcome of platinum-based chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinomas. By using a KrasG12D-driven murine lung adenocarcinoma model and performing in vitro assays, we demonstrated that KIAA1522 is a critical positive regulator of lung adenocarcinoma and a modulator of cisplatin response. KIAA1522 potentiates the TNFα-TNFR2-NFκB signaling which in turn intensifies recalcitrance to cisplatin treatment. These results were further manifested by integrative bioinformatic analyses of independent datasets, in which KIAA1522 is tightly associated with the activity of TNFα-NFκB pathway and the cisplatin-resistant gene signatures. More strikingly, overexpression of KIAA1522 counteracts the cisplatin-induced tumor growth arrest in vivo, and this effect can be remarkably diminished by the disruption of NFκB activity. Conclusion High expression of KIAA1522 is turned out to be an indicator of dismal effectiveness of platinum-based therapy in lung adenocarcinomas. KIAA1522 hyperactivates TNFα-NFκB signaling to facilitate resistance to platinum reagents. Targeting NFκB signaling through small molecule inhibitors may be a rational strategy to conquer chemoresistance and synergize platinum-based chemotherapy in KIAA1522 overexpressed lung adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Tiantian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weilin Jin
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jinnan Chen
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengsi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yizhen Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Rodrigues FS, Miranda VS, Carneiro-Lobo TC, Scalabrini LC, Kruspig B, Levantini E, Murphy DJ, Bassères DS. IKKβ Kinase Promotes Stemness, Migration, and Invasion in KRAS-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5806. [PMID: 32823550 PMCID: PMC7460870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KRAS oncogenic mutations are widespread in lung cancer and, because direct targeting of KRAS has proven to be challenging, KRAS-driven cancers lack effective therapies. One alternative strategy for developing KRAS targeted therapies is to identify downstream targets involved in promoting important malignant features, such as the acquisition of a cancer stem-like and metastatic phenotype. Based on previous studies showing that KRAS activates nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) through inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase β (IKKβ) to promote lung tumourigenesis, we hypothesized that inhibition of IKKβ would reduce stemness, migration and invasion of KRAS-mutant human lung cancer cells. We show that KRAS-driven lung tumoursphere-derived cells exhibit stemness features and increased IKKβ kinase activity. IKKβ targeting by different approaches reduces the expression of stemness-associated genes, tumoursphere formation, and self-renewal, and preferentially impairs the proliferation of KRAS-driven lung tumoursphere-derived cells. Moreover, we show that IKKβ targeting reduces tumour cell migration and invasion, potentially by regulating both expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). In conclusion, our results indicate that IKKβ is an important mediator of KRAS-induced stemness and invasive features in lung cancer, and, therefore, might constitute a promising strategy to lower recurrence rates, reduce metastatic dissemination, and improve survival of lung cancer patients with KRAS-driven disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Silva Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil; (F.S.R.); (V.S.M.); (T.C.C.-L.); (L.C.S.)
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (B.K.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Vanessa Silva Miranda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil; (F.S.R.); (V.S.M.); (T.C.C.-L.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Tatiana Correa Carneiro-Lobo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil; (F.S.R.); (V.S.M.); (T.C.C.-L.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Luiza Coimbra Scalabrini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil; (F.S.R.); (V.S.M.); (T.C.C.-L.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Björn Kruspig
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (B.K.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Elena Levantini
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale dele Ricerche, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (B.K.); (D.J.M.)
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Daniela Sanchez Bassères
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil; (F.S.R.); (V.S.M.); (T.C.C.-L.); (L.C.S.)
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Hyun DH. Insights into the New Cancer Therapy through Redox Homeostasis and Metabolic Shifts. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071822. [PMID: 32645959 PMCID: PMC7408991 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Modest levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for intracellular signaling, cell division, and enzyme activation. These ROS are later eliminated by the body’s antioxidant defense system. High amounts of ROS cause carcinogenesis by altering the signaling pathways associated with metabolism, proliferation, metastasis, and cell survival. Cancer cells exhibit enhanced ATP production and high ROS levels, which allow them to maintain elevated proliferation through metabolic reprograming. In order to prevent further ROS generation, cancer cells rely on more glycolysis to produce ATP and on the pentose phosphate pathway to provide NADPH. Pro-oxidant therapy can induce more ROS generation beyond the physiologic thresholds in cancer cells. Alternatively, antioxidant therapy can protect normal cells by activating cell survival signaling cascades, such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) pathway, in response to radio- and chemotherapeutic drugs. Nrf2 is a key regulator that protects cells from oxidative stress. Under normal conditions, Nrf2 is tightly bound to Keap1 and is ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. However, under oxidative stress, or when treated with Nrf2 activators, Nrf2 is liberated from the Nrf2-Keap1 complex, translocated into the nucleus, and bound to the antioxidant response element in association with other factors. This cascade results in the expression of detoxifying enzymes, including NADH-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase 1. NQO1 and cytochrome b5 reductase can neutralize ROS in the plasma membrane and induce a high NAD+/NADH ratio, which then activates SIRT1 and mitochondrial bioenergetics. NQO1 can also stabilize the tumor suppressor p53. Given their roles in cancer pathogenesis, redox homeostasis and the metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (through activation of Nrf2 and NQO1) seem to be good targets for cancer therapy. Therefore, Nrf2 modulation and NQO1 stimulation could be important therapeutic targets for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hoon Hyun
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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42
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Dimitrakopoulos FID, Kottorou AE, Kalofonou M, Kalofonos HP. The Fire Within: NF-κB Involvement in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4025-4036. [PMID: 32616502 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-four years since its discovery, NF-κB remains a transcription factor with great potential for cancer therapy. However, NF-κB-targeted therapies have yet to find a way to be clinically translatable. Here, we focus exclusively on the role of NF-κB in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and discuss its contributing effect on cancer hallmarks such as inflammation, proliferation, survival, apoptosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, stemness, metabolism, and therapy resistance. In addition, we present our current knowledge of the clinical significance of NF-κB and its involvement in the treatment of patients with NSCLC with chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteinos-Ioannis D Dimitrakopoulos
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Anastasia E Kottorou
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Melpomeni Kalofonou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Haralabos P Kalofonos
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
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Peters S, Danson S, Hasan B, Dafni U, Reinmuth N, Majem M, Tournoy KG, Mark MT, Pless M, Cobo M, Rodriguez-Abreu D, Falchero L, Moran T, Ortega Granados AL, Monnet I, Mohorcic K, Sureda BM, Betticher D, Demedts I, Macias JA, Cuffe S, Luciani A, Sanchez JG, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Gautschi O, Price G, Coate L, von Moos R, Zielinski C, Provencio M, Menis J, Ruepp B, Pochesci A, Roschitzki-Voser H, Besse B, Rabaglio M, O'Brien MER, Stahel RA. A Randomized Open-Label Phase III Trial Evaluating the Addition of Denosumab to Standard First-Line Treatment in Advanced NSCLC: The European Thoracic Oncology Platform (ETOP) and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) SPLENDOUR Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:1647-1656. [PMID: 32565388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Receptor activator of NF-kB ligand stimulates NF-kB-dependent cell signaling and acts as the primary signal for bone resorption. Retrospective analysis of a large trial comparing denosumab versus zoledronic acid in bone metastatic solid tumors suggested significant overall survival (OS) advantage for patients with lung cancer with denosumab (p = 0.01). The randomized open-label phase III SPLENDOUR trial was designed to evaluate whether the addition of denosumab to standard first-line platinum-based doublet chemotherapy improved OS in advanced NSCLC. METHODS Patients with stage IV NSCLC were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either chemotherapy with or without denosumab (120 mg every 3-4 wks), stratified by the presence of bone metastases (at diagnosis), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, histology, and region. To detect an OS increase from 9 to 11.25 months (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.80), 847 OS events were required. The trial closed prematurely owing to decreasing accrual rate. RESULTS A total of 514 patients were randomized, with 509 receiving one or more doses of the assigned treatment (chemotherapy: 252, chemotherapy-denosumab: 257). The median age was 66.1 years, 71% were men, and 59% were former smokers. Bone metastases were identified in 275 patients (53%). Median OS (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 8.7 (7.6-11.0) months in the control arm versus 8.2 (7.5-10.4) months in the chemotherapy-denosumab arm (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.78-1.19; one-sided p = 0.36). For patients with bone metastasis, HR was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.77-1.35), whereas for those without, HR was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.66-1.23). Adverse events grade 3 or greater were observed in 40.9%, 5.2%, 8.7% versus 45.5%, 10.9%, 10.5% of patients. Conditional power for OS benefit was less than or equal to 10%. CONCLUSIONS Denosumab was well-tolerated without unexpected safety concerns. There was no OS improvement for denosumab when added to chemotherapy in the intention-to-treat population and the subgroups with and without bone metastases. Our data do not provide evidence of a clinical benefit for denosumab in patients with NSCLC without bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sarah Danson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism & Sheffield Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Baktiar Hasan
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Urania Dafni
- School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens & Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - Niels Reinmuth
- Asklepios Kliniken GmbH, Asklepios Fachkliniken Muenchen, Gauting, Germany
| | - Margarita Majem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital De La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kurt G Tournoy
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ghent University and Onze-Lieve-Vrouwziekenhuis (OLV), Aalst, Belgium
| | - Michael T Mark
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Graubuenden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Miklos Pless
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Cobo
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; Unidad Gestion Intercentros of Medical Oncology. Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Delvys Rodriguez-Abreu
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Lionel Falchero
- Department of Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology, Hopital Nord-Ouest, Villefranche-sur-Saône Cedex, France
| | - Teresa Moran
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Laura Ortega Granados
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Isabelle Monnet
- Department of Pneumology, Centre Hopitalier Intercommunal De Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Katja Mohorcic
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Bartomeu Massutí Sureda
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; El Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (SABIAL), Hospital Universitario Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Daniel Betticher
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology, Fribourg Cantonal Hospital (HFR), Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ingel Demedts
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium
| | - Jose Antionio Macias
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Medical Oncology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrea Luciani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ospedale San Paolo, Milano, Italy
| | - Jose Garcia Sanchez
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alessandra Curioni-Fontecedro
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Department for Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Gautschi
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucern, Switzerland
| | - Gillian Price
- Department of Medical Oncology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Coate
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Mid-Western Cancer Centre, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Roger von Moos
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Graubuenden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Zielinski
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Central European Cooperative Oncology Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariano Provencio
- Spanish lung cancer group (Grupo Español de Cancer de Pulmón (GECP)), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jessica Menis
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruepp
- European Thoracic Oncology Platform (ETOP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Pochesci
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Benjamin Besse
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium; Gustave Roussy Cancer Center Villejuif, Paris Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | | | - Mary E R O'Brien
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Rolf A Stahel
- Department for Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Life, death, and autophagy in cancer: NF-κB turns up everywhere. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:210. [PMID: 32231206 PMCID: PMC7105474 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Escaping programmed cell death is a hallmark of cancer. NF-κB transcription factors are key regulator of cell survival and aberrant NF-κB signaling has been involved in the pathogenesis of most human malignancies. Although NF-κB is best known for its antiapoptotic role, other processes regulating the life/death balance, such as autophagy and necroptosis, seem to network with NF-κB. This review discusses how the reciprocal regulation of NF-κB, autophagy and programmed cell death affect cancer development and progression.
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Marta ŻN, Agnieszka W, Jacek P, Jeleń A, Adrian K, Dagmara SK, Sałagacka-Kubiak A, Balcerczak E. NFKB2 gene expression in patients with peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2015-2021. [PMID: 32056043 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common worldwide types of cancer. It is a multifactorial disease and both environmental and genetic factors play an important role in its etiology. Evaluation of the relative expression level of NFKB2 gene in two groups of patients: peptic ulcer and gastric cancer and its role in the pathomechanism of these diseases was the aim of this study. RNA was isolated from: 79 samples of peptic ulcer, 22 gastric cancer and 11 control tissue. The real-time PCR technique was used to study the expression of NFKB2 gene. The relative expression level of NFKB2 gene was a variable in all three studied groups. The relative NFKB2 gene expression depends on the type of a disease. Peptic ulcer cases showed the increased relative NFKB2 gene expression to control group (p = 0.0000). Cancer cases presented decreased relative NFKB2 gene expression to normal stomach tissue (p = 0.0183). There are statistically important differences in the investigated gene expression between peptic ulcer, where the expression level is higher comparing to gastric cancer and control tissue which confirmed that such an activation is connected with an inflammatory process. The relative expression level of NFKB2 is decreased in cancer cases as opposed to control tissue and peptic ulcer cases which could suggest that during carcinogenesis of gastric cancer inhibition of NF-kB pathway takes place which could be a promising factor for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żebrowska-Nawrocka Marta
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wosiak Agnieszka
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Pietrzak Jacek
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jeleń
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krygier Adrian
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Szmajda-Krygier Dagmara
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sałagacka-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Balcerczak
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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46
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Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to overcome anti-cancer drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 48:100663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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47
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Novitskiy SV, Zaynagetdinov R, Vasiukov G, Gutor S, Han W, Serezani A, Matafonov A, Gleaves LA, Sherrill TP, Polosukhin VV, Blackwell TS. Gas6/MerTK signaling is negatively regulated by NF-κB and supports lung carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2019; 10:7031-7042. [PMID: 31903163 PMCID: PMC6925028 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) has been implicated in carcinogenesis through activation of its receptors, particularly MerTK. To investigate whether Gas6 plays a role in resistance to NF-κB inhibitors, which have not proven to be effective agents for lung cancer therapy, we studied lung cancer models induced by urethane injection or expression of mutant Kras (KrasG12D). We found that Gas6 is primarily produced by macrophages during tumorigenesis and that Gas6 is negatively regulated by NF-κB. Since Gas6 is a vitamin K dependent protein, we used low-dose warfarin to block Gas6 production and showed that this treatment inhibited tumorigenesis in both the urethane and KrasG12D models, most prominently in mice with targeted deletion of IKKβ in myeloid cells (IKKβΔMye mice). In addition, MerTK deficient mice had reduced urethane-induced tumorigenesis. Inhibition of the Gas6-MerTK pathway in all these models reduced macrophages and neutrophils in the lungs of tumor-bearing mice. Analysis of mouse lung tumors revealed MerTK staining on tumor cells and in vitro studies showed that Gas6 increased proliferation of human lung cancer cell lines. To assess the therapeutic potential for combination treatment targeting NF-κB and Gas6-MerTK, we injected Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells subcutaneously and treated mice with Bay 11-70852 (NF-κB inhibitor) and/or Foretinib (MerTK inhibitor). While individual treatments were ineffective, combination therapy markedly reduced tumor growth, blocked tumor cell proliferation, reduced tumor-associated macrophages, and increased CD4+ T cells. Together, our studies unmask a role for Gas6-MerTK signaling in lung carcinogenesis and indicate that up-regulation of Gas6 production in macrophages could be a major mechanism of resistance to NF-κB inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Novitskiy
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Rinat Zaynagetdinov
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Georgii Vasiukov
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Sergey Gutor
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Wei Han
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Ana Serezani
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Anton Matafonov
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Linda A Gleaves
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Taylor P Sherrill
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Vasiliy V Polosukhin
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Timothy S Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
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48
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Chavdoula E, Habiel DM, Roupakia E, Markopoulos GS, Vasilaki E, Kokkalis A, Polyzos AP, Boleti H, Thanos D, Klinakis A, Kolettas E, Marcu KB. CHUK/IKK-α loss in lung epithelial cells enhances NSCLC growth associated with HIF up-regulation. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/6/e201900460. [PMID: 31792060 PMCID: PMC6892436 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IKKα is an NSCLC suppressor and its loss in mouse AT-II lung epithelial cells or in human NSCLC lines increased urethane-induced adenoma growth and xenograft burdens, respectively. IKKα loss can up-regulate HIF-1α, enhancing tumor growth under hypoxia. Through the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in cellular physiology, non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) evolves in distinct steps involving mutually exclusive oncogenic mutations in K-Ras or EGFR along with inactivating mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor. Herein, we show two independent in vivo lung cancer models in which CHUK/IKK-α acts as a major NSCLC tumor suppressor. In a novel transgenic mouse strain, wherein IKKα ablation is induced by tamoxifen (Tmx) solely in alveolar type II (AT-II) lung epithelial cells, IKKα loss increases the number and size of lung adenomas in response to the chemical carcinogen urethane, whereas IKK-β instead acts as a tumor promoter in this same context. IKKα knockdown in three independent human NSCLC lines (independent of K-Ras or p53 status) enhances their growth as tumor xenografts in immune-compromised mice. Bioinformatics analysis of whole transcriptome profiling followed by quantitative protein and targeted gene expression validation experiments reveals that IKKα loss can result in the up-regulation of activated HIF-1-α protein to enhance NSCLC tumor growth under hypoxic conditions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Chavdoula
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Eugenia Roupakia
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios S Markopoulos
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Vasilaki
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Kokkalis
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Haralabia Boleti
- Intracellular Parasitism Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Light Microscopy Unit, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Thanos
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece .,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Kenneth B Marcu
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece .,Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Ioannina, Greece.,Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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49
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Causative role of PDLIM2 epigenetic repression in lung cancer and therapeutic resistance. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5324. [PMID: 31757943 PMCID: PMC6876573 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancers are resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and chemotherapy. Herein we identify PDLIM2 as a tumor suppressor particularly important for lung cancer therapeutic responses. While PDLIM2 is epigenetically repressed in human lung cancer, associating with therapeutic resistance and poor prognosis, its global or lung epithelial-specific deletion in mice causes increased lung cancer development, chemoresistance, and complete resistance to anti-PD-1 and epigenetic drugs. PDLIM2 epigenetic restoration or ectopic expression shows antitumor activity, and synergizes with anti-PD-1, notably, with chemotherapy for complete remission of most lung cancers. Mechanistically, through repressing NF-κB/RelA and STAT3, PDLIM2 increases expression of genes involved in antigen presentation and T-cell activation while repressing multidrug resistance genes and cancer-related genes, thereby rendering cancer cells vulnerable to immune attacks and therapies. We identify PDLIM2-independent PD-L1 induction by chemotherapeutic and epigenetic drugs as another mechanism for their synergy with anti-PD-1. These findings establish a rationale to use combination therapies for cancer treatment. PDLIM2 is repressed epigenetically in lung cancers, which are frequently resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and chemotherapy. Here, the authors describe the mechanism through which epigenetic restoration of PDLIM2 synergises with anti-PD-1 and chemotherapy in lung cancers.
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50
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Jacenik D, Beswick EJ, Krajewska WM, Prossnitz ER. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in colon function, immune regulation and carcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:4092-4104. [PMID: 31435166 PMCID: PMC6700692 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i30.4092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens play important roles in the development and progression of multiple tumor types. Accumulating evidence points to the significance of estrogen action not only in tumors of hormonally regulated tissues such as the breast, endometrium and ovary, but also in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The effects of estrogens in physiological and pathophysiological conditions are mediated by the nuclear estrogen receptors α and β, as well as the membrane-bound G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). The roles of GPER in CRC development and progression, however, remain poorly understood. Studies on the functions of GPER in the colon have shown that this estrogen receptor regulates colonic motility as well as immune responses in CRC-associated diseases, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. GPER is also involved in cell cycle regulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, proliferation, apoptosis, vascularization, cell migration, and the regulation of fatty acid and estrogen metabolism in CRC cells. Thus, multiple lines of evidence suggest that GPER may play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge regarding the contribution of GPER to colon function and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Jacenik
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-236, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, and UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Ellen J Beswick
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, United States
| | - Wanda M Krajewska
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-236, Poland
| | - Eric R Prossnitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, and UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
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