1
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Iwata M, Haraguchi R, Kitazawa R, Ito C, Ogawa K, Takada Y, Kitazawa S. Reduced chemokine C-C motif ligand 1 expression may negatively regulate colorectal cancer progression at liver metastatic sites. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18193. [PMID: 38506205 PMCID: PMC10952021 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis, albeit a stage-IV disease, is completely curable by surgical resection in selected patients. In addressing the molecular basics of this phenomenon, differentially expressed genes at primary and liver metastatic sites were screened by RNA sequencing with the use of paraffin-embedded surgical specimens. Chemokine C-C motif ligand 1 (CCL1), a chemotactic factor for a ligand of the chemokine C-C motif receptor 8 (CCR8), was isolated as one of the differentially expressed genes. Histological analysis revealed that the number of CCL1-positive cells, mainly tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) located in the stroma of CRC, decreased significantly at liver metastatic sites, while the expression level of CCR8 on CRC remained unchanged. To explore the biological significance of the CCL1-CCR8 axis in CRC, CCR8-positive CRC cell line Colo320DM was used to assess the effect of the CCL1-CCR8 axis on major signalling pathways, epithelial mesenchymal transition induction and cell motility. Upon stimulation of recombinant CCL1 (rCCL1), phosphorylation of AKT was observed in Colo320DM cells; on the other hand, the corresponding significant increase in MMP-2 levels demonstrated by RT-qPCR was nullified by siRNA (siCCR8). In the scratch test, rCCL1 treatment significantly increased the motility of Colo320DM cells, which was similarly nullified by siCCR8. Thus, the activation of the CCL1-CCR8 axis is a positive regulator of CRC tumour progression. Reduced CCL1 expression of TAMs at liver metastatic sites may partly explain the unique slow tumour progression of CRC, thus providing for a grace period for radical resection of metastatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miku Iwata
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Ryuma Haraguchi
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Riko Kitazawa
- Division of Diagnostic PathologyEhime University HospitalToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Chihiro Ito
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Kohei Ogawa
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Yasutsugu Takada
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic and Breast SurgeryEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
| | - Sohei Kitazawa
- Department of Molecular PathologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToon CityEhimeJapan
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2
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Wang L, Peng F, Li ZH, Deng YF, Ruan MN, Mao ZG, Li L. Identification of AKI signatures and classification patterns in ccRCC based on machine learning. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1195678. [PMID: 37293297 PMCID: PMC10244623 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1195678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury can be mitigated if detected early. There are limited biomarkers for predicting acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we used public databases with machine learning algorithms to identify novel biomarkers to predict AKI. In addition, the interaction between AKI and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain elusive. Methods Four public AKI datasets (GSE126805, GSE139061, GSE30718, and GSE90861) treated as discovery datasets and one (GSE43974) treated as a validation dataset were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AKI and normal kidney tissues were identified using the R package limma. Four machine learning algorithms were used to identify the novel AKI biomarkers. The correlations between the seven biomarkers and immune cells or their components were calculated using the R package ggcor. Furthermore, two distinct ccRCC subtypes with different prognoses and immune characteristics were identified and verified using seven novel biomarkers. Results Seven robust AKI signatures were identified using the four machine learning methods. The immune infiltration analysis revealed that the numbers of activated CD4 T cells, CD56dim natural killer cells, eosinophils, mast cells, memory B cells, natural killer T cells, neutrophils, T follicular helper cells, and type 1 T helper cells were significantly higher in the AKI cluster. The nomogram for prediction of AKI risk demonstrated satisfactory discrimination with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.919 in the training set and 0.945 in the testing set. In addition, the calibration plot demonstrated few errors between the predicted and actual values. In a separate analysis, the immune components and cellular differences between the two ccRCC subtypes based on their AKI signatures were compared. Patients in the CS1 had better overall survival, progression-free survival, drug sensitivity, and survival probability. Conclusion Our study identified seven distinct AKI-related biomarkers based on four machine learning methods and proposed a nomogram for stratified AKI risk prediction. We also confirmed that AKI signatures were valuable for predicting ccRCC prognosis. The current work not only sheds light on the early prediction of AKI, but also provides new insights into the correlation between AKI and ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Fei Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Na Ruan
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Guo Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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3
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A Novel Blood Proteomic Signature for Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041051. [PMID: 36831393 PMCID: PMC9954127 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumour in men. Improved testing for diagnosis, risk prediction, and response to treatment would improve care. Here, we identified a proteomic signature of prostate cancer in peripheral blood using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry combined with machine learning. A highly predictive signature was derived, which was associated with relevant pathways, including the coagulation, complement, and clotting cascades, as well as plasma lipoprotein particle remodeling. We further validated the identified biomarkers against a second cohort, identifying a panel of five key markers (GP5, SERPINA5, ECM1, IGHG1, and THBS1) which retained most of the diagnostic power of the overall dataset, achieving an AUC of 0.91. Taken together, this study provides a proteomic signature complementary to PSA for the diagnosis of patients with localised prostate cancer, with the further potential for assessing risk of future development of prostate cancer. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD025484.
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Pham NB, Abraham N, Velankar KY, Schueller NR, Philip EJ, Jaber Y, Gawalt ES, Fan Y, Pal SK, Meng WS. Localized PD-1 Blockade in a Mouse Model of Renal Cell Carcinoma. FRONTIERS IN DRUG DELIVERY 2022; 2. [PMID: 36132332 PMCID: PMC9486680 DOI: 10.3389/fddev.2022.838458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the impact of localized delivery of an anti-mouse PD-1-specific monoclonal antibody (aPD1) on Renca tumors in the resulting T cell responses and changes in broader immune gene expression profiles. Renca is a BALB/c mice syngeneic tumor that has been used to model human renal cell carcinoma In this study, T cell subsets were examined in tumors and draining lymph nodes of mice treated with localized PD-1 with and without the addition of adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme that catabolizes adenosine (ADO), identified as an immune checkpoint in several types of human cancers. The biologics, aPD1, or aPD1 with adenosine deaminase (aPD1/ADA), were formulated with the self-assembling peptides Z15_EAK to enhance retention near the tumor inoculation site. We found that both aPD1 and aPD1/ADA skewed the local immune milieu towards an immune stimulatory phenotype by reducing Tregs, increasing CD8 T cell infiltration, and upregulating IFNɣ. Analysis of tumor specimens using bulk RNA-Seq confirmed the impact of the localized aPD1 treatment and revealed differential gene expressions elicited by the loco-regional treatment. The effects of ADA and Z15_EAK were limited to tumor growth delay and lymph node enlargement. These results support the notion of expanding the use of locoregional PD-1 blockade in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc B. Pham
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nevil Abraham
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ketki Y. Velankar
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nathan R. Schueller
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Errol J. Philip
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yasmeen Jaber
- Department of Medical Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Ellen S. Gawalt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yong Fan
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sumanta K. Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Wilson S. Meng
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Correspondence: Wilson S. Meng,
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5
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Pignot G. Surgical management in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Bull Cancer 2022; 109:2S59-2S65. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(22)00239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Suzuki H, Saito M, Asano T, Tanaka T, Kitamura K, Kudo Y, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. C 8Mab-3: An Anti-Mouse CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody for Immunocytochemistry. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2022; 41:110-114. [PMID: 35377236 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2022.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) is highly expressed in regulatory T cells. CCR8 is also expressed in many cancers and is associated with those progression. The development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for CCR8 leads to cancer immunotherapy and elucidation of unknown mechanisms of CCR8-dependent cancer progression. In this study, we have developed an anti-mouse CCR8 (mCCR8) mAb (clone C8Mab-3, rat IgG1, kappa) using the Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CBIS) method. We revealed that C8Mab-3 and its recombinant antibody (recC8Mab-3) bind to mCCR8-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells (CHO/mCCR8), but not to the parental CHO-K1 cells, in flow cytometry. In addition, C8Mab-3 and recC8Mab-3 reacted to P388 (a mouse lymphocyte-like cell) and J774-1 (a mouse macrophage-like cell), which express endogenous mCCR8. C8Mab-3 also detected exogenous and endogenous mCCR8 using immunocytochemistry. These results suggest that C8Mab-3, developed using the CBIS method, is useful for immunocytochemistry against exogenous and endogenous mCCR8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaishi Kitamura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuma Kudo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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7
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Moser B. Chemokine Receptor-Targeted Therapies: Special Case for CCR8. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:511. [PMID: 35158783 PMCID: PMC8833710 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors (CBIs) targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) and program death receptor-1 (PD-1) or its ligand-1 (PD-L1) have transformed the outlook of many patients with cancer. This remarkable progress has highlighted, from the translational point of view, the importance of immune cells in the control of tumor progression. There is still room for improvement, since current CBI therapies benefit a minority of patients. Moreover, interference with immune checkpoint receptors frequently causes immune related adverse events (irAEs) with life-threatening consequences in some of the patients. Immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), including intratumoral regulatory T (Treg) cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), contribute to tumor progression and correlate with a negative disease outlook. Recent reports revealed the selective expression of the chemokine receptor CCR8 on tumor Treg cells, making CCR8 a promising target in translational research. In this review, I summarize our current knowledge about the cellular distribution and function of CCR8 in physiological and pathophysiological processes. The discussion includes an assessment of how the removal of CCR8-expressing cells might affect both anti-tumor immunity as well as immune homeostasis at remote sites. Based on these considerations, CCR8 appears to be a promising novel target to be considered in future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Moser
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Henry Wellcome Building, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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8
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Chao X, Zhang L, Hongqin L, Ziwei W, Dechuan L, Weidong D, Lu X, Haitao C, Bo Z, Haixing J, Qinghua Y. Faeces from malnourished colorectal cancer patients accelerate cancer progression. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:632-644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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9
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Karin N. Chemokines in the Landscape of Cancer Immunotherapy: How They and Their Receptors Can Be Used to Turn Cold Tumors into Hot Ones? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6317. [PMID: 34944943 PMCID: PMC8699256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, monoclonal antibodies to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), also known as immune checkpoint blockers (ICB), have been the most successful approach for cancer therapy. Starting with mAb to cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors in metastatic melanoma and continuing with blockers of the interactions between program cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand program cell death ligand 1 (PDL-1) or program cell death ligand 2 (PDL-2), that have been approved for about 20 different indications. Yet for many cancers, ICI shows limited success. Several lines of evidence imply that the limited success in cancer immunotherapy is associated with attempts to treat patients with "cold tumors" that either lack effector T cells, or in which these cells are markedly suppressed by regulatory T cells (Tregs). Chemokines are a well-defined group of proteins that were so named due to their chemotactic properties. The current review focuses on key chemokines that not only attract leukocytes but also shape their biological properties. CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor with 3 ligands. We suggest using Ig-based fusion proteins of two of them: CXL9 and CXCL10, to enhance anti-tumor immunity and perhaps transform cold tumors into hot tumors. Potential differences between CXCL9 and CXCL10 regarding ICI are discussed. We also discuss the possibility of targeting the function or deleting a key subset of Tregs that are CCR8+ by monoclonal antibodies to CCR8. These cells are preferentially abundant in several tumors and are likely to be the key drivers in suppressing anti-cancer immune reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Karin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, P.O. Box 9697, Haifa 31096, Israel
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10
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Li Y, Chen X, Li D, Yang Z, Bai Y, Hu S, Liu Z, Gu J, Zhang X. Identification of prognostic and therapeutic value of CC chemokines in Urothelial bladder cancer: evidence from comprehensive bioinformatic analysis. BMC Urol 2021; 21:173. [PMID: 34893045 PMCID: PMC8665633 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00938-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urothelial bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies with high mortality and high recurrence rate. Angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis of multiple cancers are partly modulated by CC chemokines. However, we know little about the function of distinct CC chemokines in BC. METHODS ONCOMINE, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, and TIMER were used for analyzing differential expression, prognostic value, protein-protein interaction, genetic alteration and immune cell infiltration of CC chemokines in BC patients based on bioinformatics. RESULTS The results showed that transcriptional levels of CCL2/3/4/5/14/19/21/23 in BC patients were significantly reduced. A significant relation was observed between the expression of CCL2/11/14/18/19/21/23/24/26 and the pathological stage of BC patients. BC patients with high expression levels of CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CCL13, CCL15, CCL17, CCL18, CCL19, CCL22, CCL25, CCL27 were associated with a significantly better prognosis. Moreover, we found that differentially expressed CC chemokines are primarily correlated with cytokine activity, chemokines receptor binding, chemotaxis, immune cell migration. Further, there were significant correlations among the expression of CC chemokines and the infiltration of several types of immune cells (B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells). CONCLUSIONS This study is an analysis to the potential role of CC chemokines in the therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers of BC, which gives a novel insight into the relationship between CC chemokines and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjie Li
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Yang
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Bai
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China. .,Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - XiaoBo Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China. .,Urolithiasis Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Nalisa M, Nweke EE, Smith MD, Omoshoro-Jones J, Devar JWS, Metzger R, Augustine TN, Fru PN. Chemokine receptor 8 expression may be linked to disease severity and elevated interleukin 6 secretion in acute pancreatitis. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2021; 12:115-133. [PMID: 34877026 PMCID: PMC8611186 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v12.i6.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease, which presents with epigastric pain and is clinically diagnosed by amylase and lipase three times the upper limit of normal. The 2012 Atlanta classification stratifies the severity of AP as one of three risk categories namely, mild AP (MAP), moderately severe AP (MSAP), and severe AP (SAP). Challenges in stratifying AP upon diagnosis suggest that a better understanding of the underlying complex pathophysiology may be beneficial.
AIM To identify the role of the chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), expressed by T-helper type-2 Lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages, and its possible association to Interleukin (IL)-6 and AP stratification.
METHODS This study was a prospective case-control study. A total of 40 patients were recruited from the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital. Bioassays were performed on 29 patients (14 MAP, 11 MSAP, and 4 SAP) and 6 healthy controls as part of a preliminary study. A total of 12 mL of blood samples were collected at Day (D) 1, 3, 5, and 7 post epigastric pain. Using multiplex immunoassay panels, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) arrays, and multicolour flow cytometry analysis, immune response-related proteins, genes, and cells were profiled respectively. GraphPad Prism™ software and fold change (FC) analysis was used to determine differences between the groups. P<0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS The concentration of IL-6 was significantly different at D3 post epigastric pain in both the MAP group and MSAP group with P = 0.001 and P = 0.013 respectively, in a multiplex assay. When a FC of 2 was applied to identify differentially expressed genes using RT2 Profiler, CCR8 was shown to increase steadily with disease severity from MAP (1.33), MSAP (38.28) to SAP (1172.45) median FC. Further verification studies using RT-PCR showed fold change increases of CCR8 in MSAP and SAP ranging from 1000 to 1000000 times when represented as Log10, compared to healthy control respectively at D3. The findings also showed differing lymphocyte and monocyte cell frequency between the groups. With monocyte population frequency as high as 70% in MSAP at D3.
CONCLUSION The higher levels of CCR8 and IL-6 in the severe patients and immune cell differences compared to MAP and controls provide an avenue for exploring AP stratification to improve management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mwangala Nalisa
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Ekene Emmanuel Nweke
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Martin D Smith
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg 1864, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Jones Omoshoro-Jones
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg 1864, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - John WS Devar
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg 1864, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Rebecca Metzger
- Institut für Immunologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München 80539, Germany
| | - Tanya N Augustine
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Pascaline N Fru
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
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12
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Leblond MM, Zdimerova H, Desponds E, Verdeil G. Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Bladder Cancer: Biological Role, Impact on Therapeutic Response and Perspectives for Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184712. [PMID: 34572939 PMCID: PMC8467100 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the most abundant infiltrating immune cells of solid tumors. Despite their possible dual role, i.e., pro- or anti-tumoral, there is considerable evidence showing that the accumulation of TAMs promotes tumor progression rather than slowing it. Several strategies are being developed and clinically tested to target these cells. Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common cancers, and despite heavy treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the overall patient survival for advanced BCa is still poor. TAMs are present in bladder tumors and play a significant role in BCa development. However, few investigations have analyzed the effect of targeting TAMs in BCa. In this review, we focus on the importance of TAMs in a cancerous bladder, their association with patient outcome and treatment efficiency as well as on how current BCa treatments impact these cells. We also report different strategies used in other cancer types to develop new immunotherapeutic strategies with the aim of improving BCa management through TAMs targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine M. Leblond
- UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT/CERVOxy Group, GIP CYCERON, Normandie University, 14000 Caen, France;
| | - Hana Zdimerova
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.Z.); (E.D.)
| | - Emma Desponds
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.Z.); (E.D.)
| | - Grégory Verdeil
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.Z.); (E.D.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment are independent yet synergistic drivers of tumour progression and underlie therapeutic resistance. Recent studies have highlighted the complex interaction between these cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms. The reciprocal communication between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and infiltrating immune cell populations in the tumour microenvironment is a paradigm for these interactions. In this Perspective, we discuss the signalling programmes that simultaneously induce CSCs and reprogramme the immune response to facilitate tumour immune evasion, metastasis and recurrence. We further highlight biological factors that can impact the nature of CSC-immune cell communication. Finally, we discuss targeting opportunities for simultaneous regulation of the CSC niche and immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defne Bayik
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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14
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Yang Z, Xu Y, Bi Y, Zhang N, Wang H, Xing T, Bai S, Shen Z, Naz F, Zhang Z, Yin L, Shi M, Wang L, Wang L, Wang S, Xu L, Su X, Wu S, Yu C. Immune escape mechanisms and immunotherapy of urothelial bladder cancer. J Clin Transl Res 2021; 7:485-500. [PMID: 34541363 PMCID: PMC8445627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is a common malignant tumor of the urogenital system with a high rate of recurrence. Due to the sophisticated and largely unexplored mechanisms of tumorigenesis of UBC, the classical therapeutic approaches including transurethral resection and radical cystectomy combined with chemotherapy have remained unchanged for decades. However, with increasingly in-depth understanding of the microenvironment and the composition of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of UBC, novel immunotherapeutic strategies have been developed. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy, immune checkpoint blockades, adoptive T cell immunotherapy, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, etc., have all been intensively investigated as immunotherapies for UBC. This review will discuss the recent progress in immune escape mechanisms and immunotherapy of UBC. METHODS Based on a comprehensive search of the PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov database, this review included the literature reporting the immune escape mechanisms of UBC and clinical trials assessing the effect of immunotherapeutic strategies on tumor or immune cells in UBC patients published in English between 1999 and 2020. RESULTS Immune surveillance, immune balance, and immune escape are the three major processes that occur during UBC tumorigenesis. First, the role of immunosuppressive cells, immunosuppressive molecules, immunosuppressive signaling molecules, and DCs in tumor microenvironment is introduced elaborately in the immune escape mechanisms of UBC section. In addition, recent progress of immunotherapies including BCG, checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, adoptive T cell immunotherapy, DCs, and macrophages on UBC patients are summarized in detail. Finally, the need to explore the mechanisms, molecular characteristics and immune landscape during UBC tumorigenesis and development of novel and robust immunotherapies for UBC are also proposed and discussed. CONCLUSION At present, BCG and immune checkpoint blockades have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of UBC patients and have achieved encouraging therapeutic results, expanding the traditional chemotherapy and surgery-based treatment for UBC. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS Immunotherapy has achieved desirable results in the treatment of UBC, which not only improve the overall survival but also reduce the recurrence rate and the occurrence of treatment-related adverse events of UBC patients. In addition, the indicators to predict the effectiveness and novel therapy strategies, such as combination regimen of checkpoint inhibitor with checkpoint inhibitor or chemotherapy, should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China,2Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China,
Corresponding authors: Zhao Yang College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China. E-mail:
| | - Yinyan Xu
- 3Department of Urology, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ying Bi
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- 4Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Tianying Xing
- 5Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Suhang Bai
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zongyi Shen
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Faiza Naz
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zichen Zhang
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liqi Yin
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mengran Shi
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Wang
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shihui Wang
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lida Xu
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Su
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Song Wu
- 3Department of Urology, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China,
Song Wu Department of Urology, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Changyuan Yu
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China,
Changyuan Yu College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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15
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Cantero-Navarro E, Rayego-Mateos S, Orejudo M, Tejedor-Santamaria L, Tejera-Muñoz A, Sanz AB, Marquez-Exposito L, Marchant V, Santos-Sanchez L, Egido J, Ortiz A, Bellon T, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Ruiz-Ortega M. Role of Macrophages and Related Cytokines in Kidney Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:688060. [PMID: 34307414 PMCID: PMC8295566 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.688060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key characteristic of kidney disease, but this immune response is two-faced. In the acute phase of kidney injury, there is an activation of the immune cells to fight against the insult, contributing to kidney repair and regeneration. However, in chronic kidney diseases (CKD), immune cells that infiltrate the kidney play a deleterious role, actively participating in disease progression, and contributing to nephron loss and fibrosis. Importantly, CKD is a chronic inflammatory disease. In early CKD stages, patients present sub-clinical inflammation, activation of immune circulating cells and therefore, anti-inflammatory strategies have been proposed as a common therapeutic target for renal diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the plasticity of immune cells and the complexity of their functions. Among immune cells, monocytes/macrophages play an important role in all steps of kidney injury. However, the phenotype characterization between human and mice immune cells showed different markers; therefore the extrapolation of experimental studies in mice could not reflect human renal diseases. Here we will review the current information about the characteristics of different macrophage phenotypes, mainly focused on macrophage-related cytokines, with special attention to the chemokine CCL18, and its murine functional homolog CCL8, and the macrophage marker CD163, and their role in kidney pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cantero-Navarro
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena Orejudo
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Fundación IIS -Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Tejedor-Santamaria
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Sanz
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fundación IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Marquez-Exposito
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Santos-Sanchez
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Fundación IIS -Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fundación IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Bellon
- La Paz Hospital Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl R Rodrigues-Diez
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Zhang H, Zhu G. Beyond Promoter: The Role of Macrophage in Invasion and Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 15:588-596. [PMID: 32096752 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200225093210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the common urologic neoplasms, and its incidence has been increasing over the past several decades; however, its pathogenesis is still unknown up to now. Recent studies have found that in addition to tumor cells, other cells in the tumor microenvironment also affect the biological behavior of the tumor. Among them, macrophages exist in a large amount in tumor microenvironment, and they are generally considered to play a key role in promoting tumorigenesis. Therefore, we summarized the recent researches on macrophage in the invasiveness and progression of RCC in latest years, and we also introduced and discussed many studies about macrophage in RCC to promote angiogenesis by changing tumor microenvironment and inhibit immune response in order to activate tumor progression. Moreover, macrophage interactes with various cytokines to promote tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and it also promotes tumor stem cell formation and induces drug resistance in the progression of RCC. The highlight of this review is to make a summary of the roles of macrophage in the invasion and progression of RCC; at the same time to raise some potential and possible targets for future RCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guodong Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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17
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Cytoreductive Nephrectomy Following Immunotherapy-Base Treatment in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series and Review of Current Literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:1921-1926. [PMID: 34065284 PMCID: PMC8161823 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28030178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The role and timing of cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving immunotherapy-based regimens is unclear. However, the ability to achieve a complete response for metastatic renal cell carcinoma likely requires a nephrectomy at some point during treatment. Here we present a case series of three patients with metastatic clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma who received front-line immunotherapy-based treatment and subsequently underwent a cytoreductive nephrectomy. All three patients had a complete response to therapy and have subsequently remained off systemic therapy for a median of 531 days (range, 476–602). We also review the limited literature in this setting and highlight ongoing clinical trials. Although the role of cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving immunotherapy-based treatment is uncertain, a subset of patients will benefit from either an immediate or deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy. Ongoing trials are underway to further determine how to incorporate cytoreductive nephrectomy into the treatment paradigm for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
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18
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Kusmartsev S. Acute Kidney Injury-Induced Systemic Inflammation and Risk of Kidney Cancer Formation. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2584-2585. [PMID: 33999840 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cancer Research, Zhou and colleagues investigate the role of acute kidney injury (AKI) and AKI-associated systemic inflammation in the development of kidney cancer. They demonstrate a positive association between the formation of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma and AKI induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in genetically modified mice. In parallel with the emergence of kidney tumors, mice with ischemic injury develop systemic inflammation associated with tissue infiltration by neutrophils and fibroblasts and upregulated expression of several inflammatory factors, with CXCL1 displaying the highest levels of upregulation. Accordingly, blockade of CXCL1-mediated signaling inhibited the emergence of kidney tumors in mice subjected to ischemic kidney injury. The study provides evidence for a new experimental approach to prevent the formation of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma and reduce kidney cancer incidence through modulation of the AKI-induced inflammatory response using inhibitors of CXC/CXCR2 axis. As the incidence of kidney cancer continues to increase, new treatment strategies for this devastating disease are urgently needed. Zhou and colleagues provide preclinical proof of concept for a new therapeutic strategy and address an unmet need for this difficult to prevent and treat cancer disease.See related article by Zhou et al., p. 2690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Kusmartsev
- Department of Urology and Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
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19
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Recruitment and Expansion of Tregs Cells in the Tumor Environment-How to Target Them? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081850. [PMID: 33924428 PMCID: PMC8069615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The immune response against cancer is generated by effector T cells, among them cytotoxic CD8+ T cells that destroy cancer cells and helper CD4+ T cells that mediate and support the immune response. This antitumor function of T cells is tightly regulated by a particular subset of CD4+ T cells, named regulatory T cells (Tregs), through different mechanisms. Even if the complete inhibition of Tregs would be extremely harmful due to their tolerogenic role in impeding autoimmune diseases in the periphery, the targeted blockade of their accumulation at tumor sites or their targeted depletion represent a major therapeutic challenge. This review focuses on the mechanisms favoring Treg recruitment, expansion and stabilization in the tumor microenvironment and the therapeutic strategies developed to block these mechanisms. Abstract Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are present in a large majority of solid tumors and are mainly associated with a poor prognosis, as their major function is to inhibit the antitumor immune response contributing to immunosuppression. In this review, we will investigate the mechanisms involved in the recruitment, amplification and stability of Tregs in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We will also review the strategies currently developed to inhibit Tregs’ deleterious impact in the TME by either inhibiting their recruitment, blocking their expansion, favoring their plastic transformation into other CD4+ T-cell subsets, blocking their suppressive function or depleting them specifically in the TME to avoid severe deleterious effects associated with Treg neutralization/depletion in the periphery and normal tissues.
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20
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Wang C, Wang Y, Hong T, Ye J, Chu C, Zuo L, Zhang J, Cui X. Targeting a positive regulatory loop in the tumor-macrophage interaction impairs the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:932-951. [PMID: 33009518 PMCID: PMC7937678 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the interaction between tumors and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has been reported to facilitate the targeted drug resistance and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the related mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we report that SOX17 serves as a novel tumor suppressor in ccRCC and a positive regulatory loop, SOX17low/YAP/TEAD1/CCL5/CCR5/STAT3, facilitates the ccRCC-TAM interaction. SOX17 expression was commonly downregulated and negatively correlated with TAM infiltration in ccRCC specimens, and the integration of SOX17 and TAMs with the existing clinical indicators TNM stage or SSIGN score achieved better accuracy for predicting the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Mechanistically, SOX17 knockdown activated YAP signaling by promoting the transcription and nuclear distribution of YAP, which recruited TEAD1 to trigger CCL5 transcription. Then, CCL5 educated macrophages toward TAMs, which reciprocally enhanced ccRCC progression through CCL5/CCR5 and activated STAT3/SOX17low/YAP. However, SOX17 overexpression in ccRCC achieved the opposite effect. Thus, a positive regulatory loop, SOX17low/YAP/TEAD1/CCL5/CCR5/STAT3, was identified in the ccRCC-TAM interaction. Furthermore, targeting tumor-TAM interactions by blocking this positive regulatory network impaired the metastasis and targeted drug resistance of ccRCC in in vivo mouse models of lung metastasis and orthotopic ccRCC. These findings provide a new mechanism underlying the tumor-TAM interplay in ccRCC progression and present a potential target for inhibiting targeted drug resistance and metastasis in advanced ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuning Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Tianyu Hong
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Jianqing Ye
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Chuanmin Chu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 29 Xinglong Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Xingang Cui
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai, 200135, China.
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), 700 North Moyu Road, Shanghai, 201805, China.
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21
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Fujikawa M, Koma YI, Hosono M, Urakawa N, Tanigawa K, Shimizu M, Kodama T, Sakamoto H, Nishio M, Shigeoka M, Kakeji Y, Yokozaki H. Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 1 Derived from Tumor-Associated Macrophages Contributes to Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression via CCR8-Mediated Akt/Proline-Rich Akt Substrate of 40 kDa/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:686-703. [PMID: 33460563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor progression. The number of infiltrating TAMs is associated with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients; however, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. cDNA microarray analysis indicates that the expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 (CCL1) is up-regulated in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages stimulated using conditioned media from ESCC cells (TAM-like macrophages). Here, we evaluated the role of CCL1 in ESCC progression. CCL1 was overexpressed in TAM-like macrophages, and CCR8, a CCL1 receptor, was expressed on ESCC cell surface. TAM-like macrophages significantly enhanced the motility of ESCC cells, and neutralizing antibodies against CCL1 or CCR8 suppressed this increased motility. Recombinant human CCL1 promoted ESCC cell motility via the Akt/proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase or Akt inhibitors, CCR8 silencing, and neutralizing antibody against CCR8 could significantly suppress these effects. The overexpression of CCL1 in stromal cells or CCR8 in ESCC cells was significantly associated with poor overall survival (P = 0.002 or P = 0.009, respectively) and disease-free survival (P = 0.009 or P = 0.047, respectively) in patients with ESCC. These results indicate that the interaction between stromal CCL1 and CCR8 on cancer cells promotes ESCC progression via the Akt/proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, thereby providing novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Fujikawa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Hosono
- Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoki Urakawa
- Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kohei Tanigawa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimizu
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakamoto
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mari Nishio
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Shigeoka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Korbecki J, Grochans S, Gutowska I, Barczak K, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. CC Chemokines in a Tumor: A Review of Pro-Cancer and Anti-Cancer Properties of Receptors CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, and CCR10 Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207619. [PMID: 33076281 PMCID: PMC7590012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CC chemokines (or β-chemokines) are 28 chemotactic cytokines with an N-terminal CC domain that play an important role in immune system cells, such as CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, macrophages, monocytes, and NK cells, as well in neoplasia. In this review, we discuss human CC motif chemokine ligands: CCL1, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL18, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL25, CCL27, and CCL28 (CC motif chemokine receptor CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, and CCR10 ligands). We present their functioning in human physiology and in neoplasia, including their role in the proliferation, apoptosis resistance, drug resistance, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. We discuss the significance of chemokine receptors in organ-specific metastasis, as well as the influence of each chemokine on the recruitment of various cells to the tumor niche, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), Kupffer cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), osteoclasts, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and regulatory T cells (Treg). Finally, we show how the effect of the chemokines on vascular endothelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells leads to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Szymon Grochans
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914661515
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23
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Korbecki J, Kojder K, Barczak K, Simińska D, Gutowska I, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Hypoxia Alters the Expression of CC Chemokines and CC Chemokine Receptors in a Tumor-A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165647. [PMID: 32781743 PMCID: PMC7460668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, i.e., oxygen deficiency condition, is one of the most important factors promoting the growth of tumors. Since its effect on the chemokine system is crucial in understanding the changes in the recruitment of cells to a tumor niche, in this review we have gathered all the available data about the impact of hypoxia on β chemokines. In the introduction, we present the chronic (continuous, non-interrupted) and cycling (intermittent, transient) hypoxia together with the mechanisms of activation of hypoxia inducible factors (HIF-1 and HIF-2) and NF-κB. Then we describe the effect of hypoxia on the expression of chemokines with the CC motif: CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL15, CCL16, CCL17, CCL18, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL22, CCL24, CCL25, CCL26, CCL27, CCL28 together with CC chemokine receptors: CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, and CCR10. To better understand the effect of hypoxia on neoplastic processes and changes in the expression of the described proteins, we summarize the available data in a table which shows the effect of individual chemokines on angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and recruitment of eosinophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), regulatory T cells (Treg), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to a tumor niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Klaudyna Kojder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-281 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Donata Simińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (D.S.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914661515; Fax: +48-914661516
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24
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Research progress of tumor microenvironment and tumor-associated macrophages. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:2141-2152. [PMID: 32447645 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a health issue causing utmost concern and continuing to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Effective tumor eradication methods that will improve the prognosis and prolong human life are an important topic in modern medicine. Increasing amounts of evidence indicate that the tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in tumor development and migration. Macrophages are important immune cells that commonly infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. Several studies found that macrophages play different roles in the process of cancer development. This article focuses on the tumor microenvironment and the generation, classification, and function of tumor-associated macrophages as well as their significance for tumor immunotherapy and other aspects, it summarizes nearly 10 years of tumor microenvironment and tumor-associated macrophage research, providing a novel insight for tumor immunotherapy.
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25
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Chen G, Cai ZD, Lin ZY, Wang C, Liang YX, Han ZD, He HC, Mo RJ, Lu JM, Pan B, Wu CL, Wang F, Zhong WD. ARNT-dependent CCR8 reprogrammed LDH isoform expression correlates with poor clinical outcomes of prostate cancer. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:897-907. [PMID: 32319143 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase isozyme (LDH) is a tetramer constituted of two isoforms, LDHA and LDHB, the expression of which is associated with cell metabolism and cancer progression. Our previous study reveals that CC-chemokine ligand-18 (CCL18) is involved in progression of prostate cancer (PCa).This study aims to investigate how CCL18 regulates LDH isoform expression, and therefore, contributes to PCa progression. The data revealed that the expression of LDHA was upregulated and LDHB was downregulated in PCa cells by CCL18 at both messenger RNA and protein levels. The depletion of CCR8 reduced the ability of CCL18 to promote the proliferation, migration, and lactate production of PCa cells. Depletion of a CCR8 regulated transcription factor, ARNT, significantly reduced the expression of LDHA. In addition, The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset analyses revealed a positive correlation between CCR8 and ARNT expression. Two dimension difference gel electrophoresis revealed that the LDHA/LDHB ratio was increased in the prostatic fluid of patients with PCa and PCa tissues. Furthermore, increased LDHA/LDHB ratio was associated with poor clinical outcomes of patients with PCa. Together, our results indicate that the CCR8 pathway programs LDH isoform expression in an ARNT dependent manner and that the ratio of LDHA/LDHB has the potential to serve as biomarkers for PCa diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Duan Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Yuan Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Wang
- School of pharmaceutical sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao-Dong Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Chan He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ru-Jun Mo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Ming Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chin-Lee Wu
- Department of Pathology and Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fen Wang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei-de Zhong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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26
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Crispen PL, Kusmartsev S. Mechanisms of immune evasion in bladder cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 69:3-14. [PMID: 31811337 PMCID: PMC6949323 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With the introduction of multiple new agents, the role of immunotherapy is rapidly expanding across all malignancies. Bladder cancer is known to be immunogenic and is responsive to immunotherapy including intravesical BCG and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Multiple trials have addressed the role of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced bladder cancer, including atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab (all targeting the PD1/PD-L1 pathway). While these trials have demonstrated promising results and improvements over existing therapies, less than half of patients with advanced disease demonstrate clinical benefit from checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Recent breakthroughs in cancer biology and immunology have led to an improved understanding of the influence of the tumor microenvironment on the host’s immune system. It appears that tumors promote the formation of highly immunosuppressive microenvironments preventing generation of effective anti-tumor immune response through multiple mechanisms. Therefore, reconditioning of the tumor microenvironment and restoration of the competent immune response is essential for achieving optimal efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we aim to discuss the major mechanisms of immune evasion in bladder cancer and highlight novel pathways and molecular targets that may help to attenuate tumor-induced immune tolerance, overcome resistance to immunotherapy and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Crispen
- Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sergei Kusmartsev
- Department of Urology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, 1200 Newell Dr, PO BOX 100247, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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27
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Rani A, Dasgupta P, Murphy JJ. Prostate Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:2119-2137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Wiedemann GM, Röhrle N, Makeschin MC, Fesseler J, Endres S, Mayr D, Anz D. Peritumoural CCL1 and CCL22 expressing cells in hepatocellular carcinomas shape the tumour immune infiltrate. Pathology 2019; 51:586-592. [PMID: 31445808 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Development, course of disease and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are strongly influenced by the immune system. Immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Treg) have been shown to negatively impact disease progression and survival. To further understand the mechanisms of Treg attraction to HCC lesions, this study provides an analysis of Treg attracting chemokines in human HCC tissues. We analysed the expression of the Treg attracting chemokines CCL1 and CCL22 as well as the infiltration of FoxP3+ Treg and CD8+ T cells in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 62 HCC patients. Expression of both chemokines was detected in 47 of 62 tissue slides. Chemokine expression was generally higher in tumour stroma and peritumoural liver tissue than in the tumour tissue itself. CD8+ T cells and FoxP3+ Treg were found at high levels in many tumour tissues. Intratumoural infiltration of Treg positively correlated with CCL22 levels in peritumoural liver tissue. In contrast, no correlation of Treg numbers and expression of CCL1 was detected. In summary, we describe here that the chemokines CCL1 and CCL22 are expressed in HCC tissues and, to a higher extent, in the stroma and peritumoural liver tissue. CCL22 may contribute to Treg recruitment and immunosuppression, whereas the role of CCL1 remains to be defined. It will be interesting to investigate the potential of these chemokines as drug targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Wiedemann
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Natascha Röhrle
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Makeschin
- Pathologisches Institut, Medizinische Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Fesseler
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Endres
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Pathologisches Institut, Medizinische Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - David Anz
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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29
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Renner A, Samtani S, Marín A, Burotto M. Is Cytoreductive Nephrectomy Still a Standard of Care in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma? J Kidney Cancer VHL 2019; 6:1-7. [PMID: 30881867 PMCID: PMC6403966 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.2019.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoreductive nephrectomy has been an integral part of management in metastatic renal cell carcinoma for patients with good performance status, based on the benefit shown by prospective trials in the interferon era and retrospective trials in the targeted therapies era. Clinical Trial to Assess the Importance of Nephrectomy (CARMENA), the first prospective phase III trial comparing a targeted agent alone (sunitinib) versus nephrectomy plus sunitinib, has been recently published, showing non-inferiority for the nephrectomy-sparing arm. In this article, we discuss the impact of nephrectomy including its immune-mediated effects, surgical morbidity and mortality, and the clinical data supporting the indications of nephrectomy in order to analyze the CARMENA trial in context, with the aim to identify optimal strategies for different patient populations in the metastatic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Renner
- Medical Oncology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Arnaldo Marín
- Basic & Clinical Science Department, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Burotto
- Oncology Department, Los Andes University, Bradford Hill Clinical Research Center, Santiago, Chile
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30
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Liu X, Xu X, Deng W, Huang M, Wu Y, Zhou Z, Zhu K, Wang Y, Cheng X, Zhou X, Chen L, Li Y, Wang G, Fu B. CCL18 enhances migration, invasion and EMT by binding CCR8 in bladder cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1678-1686. [PMID: 30592282 PMCID: PMC6390063 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of CCL18 has been observed in various malignancies and in the urine samples of patients with bladder cancer (BC). However, the roles of CCL18 in the development, progression and metastasis of BC remain unclear. The present study demonstrated that CCL18 expression was significantly associated with advanced clinical stages of BC. Furthermore, exogenous CCL18 promoted cell invasion and migration, and induced cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BC cells. Western blotting demonstrated that E-cadherin, an epithelial marker, was decreased, whereas matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C were increased in CCL18-treated cells. Blocking CCR8 via a small molecule inhibitor or short hairpin (sh)RNA mitigated the decrease in E-cadherin, and increase in MMP-2 and VEGF-C, caused by human recombinant (r)CCL18. CCR8 knockdown by shRNA reversed rCCL18-induced cancer cell invasion, migration and EMT. In conclusion, these data suggested that CCL18 may promote migration, invasion and EMT by binding CCR8 in BC cells. Inhibition of CCL18 activity by blocking CCR8 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing the progression of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyun Xu
- Department of Urology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Mingchuan Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yanlong Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhengtao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinfu Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Jingdezhen, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi 333000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Luyao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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31
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Berenguer J, Lagerweij T, Zhao XW, Dusoswa S, van der Stoop P, Westerman B, de Gooijer MC, Zoetemelk M, Zomer A, Crommentuijn MHW, Wedekind LE, López-López À, Giovanazzi A, Bruch-Oms M, van der Meulen-Muileman IH, Reijmers RM, van Kuppevelt TH, García-Vallejo JJ, van Kooyk Y, Tannous BA, Wesseling P, Koppers-Lalic D, Vandertop WP, Noske DP, van Beusechem VW, van Rheenen J, Pegtel DM, van Tellingen O, Wurdinger T. Glycosylated extracellular vesicles released by glioblastoma cells are decorated by CCL18 allowing for cellular uptake via chemokine receptor CCR8. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1446660. [PMID: 29696074 PMCID: PMC5912193 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1446660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain functional biomolecules such as RNA and proteins. EVs are transferred to recipient cancer cells and can promote tumour progression and therapy resistance. Through RNAi screening, we identified a novel EV uptake mechanism involving a triple interaction between the chemokine receptor CCR8 on the cells, glycans exposed on EVs and the soluble ligand CCL18. This ligand acts as bridging molecule, connecting EVs to cancer cells. We show that glioblastoma EVs promote cell proliferation and resistance to the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). Using in vitro and in vivo stem-like glioblastoma models, we demonstrate that EV-induced phenotypes are neutralised by a small molecule CCR8 inhibitor, R243. Interference with chemokine receptors may offer therapeutic opportunities against EV-mediated cross-talk in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Berenguer
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonny Lagerweij
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xi Wen Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Dusoswa
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra van der Stoop
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Westerman
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Zoetemelk
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anoek Zomer
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matheus H W Crommentuijn
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Àlan López-López
- Department of Physiological Sciences I, University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberta Giovanazzi
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marina Bruch-Oms
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rogier M Reijmers
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H van Kuppevelt
- Department of Matrix Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan-Jesús García-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - W Peter Vandertop
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David P Noske
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor W van Beusechem
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D Michiel Pegtel
- Department of Matrix Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Department of Bio-Pharmacy/Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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32
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Yi J, Jiang SJ. Dysregulation of CCL18/CCR8 axis predicts poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. EUR J INFLAMM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739218796887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing data have shown that the dysregulation of C-C motif chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) and C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCR8) is involved in the development and progression of multiple malignancies. However, the clinical significance of CCL18/CCR8 axis in gastric cancer (GC) was still undocumented. In this study, the expression levels of CCL18 and its receptor CCR8 and their correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in patients with GC were analyzed by TCGA RNA sequencing data. Cox proportional hazard regression model was performed to assess the association between CCL18/CCR8 expression and overall survival (OS) and tumor recurrence in patients with GC. As a consequence, we found that the expression of CCL18 was markedly elevated in GC samples as compared with the adjacent normal tissues and acted as an independent prognostic factor of tumor recurrence in patients with GC. Subsequently, Pearson correlation analysis revealed that CCL18 possessed a positive correlation with CCR8 expression in GC samples. CCR8 expression was upregulated in GC tissues and exhibited the association with poor survival in patients with GC. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that the dysregulation of CCL18/CCR8 axis could predict the poor prognosis in patients with GC and provide a potential antitumor target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Jingmen No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Jie Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, P.R. China
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Wang C, Peng G, Huang H, Liu F, Kong DP, Dong KQ, Dai LH, Zhou Z, Wang KJ, Yang J, Cheng YQ, Gao X, Qu M, Wang HR, Zhu F, Tian QQ, Liu D, Cao L, Cui XG, Xu CL, Xu DF, Sun YH. Blocking the Feedback Loop between Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Macrophages Improves the Therapeutic Effects of Enzalutamide (MDV3100) on Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:708-723. [PMID: 29191973 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Pei Kong
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Qin Dong
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-He Dai
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Jian Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Qiong Cheng
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Qu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Ru Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Qin Tian
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Gang Cui
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Liang Xu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Feng Xu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying-Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Miyauchi JT, Caponegro MD, Chen D, Choi MK, Li M, Tsirka SE. Deletion of Neuropilin 1 from Microglia or Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Slows Glioma Progression. Cancer Res 2017; 78:685-694. [PMID: 29097606 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioma-associated microglia and macrophages (GAM), which infiltrate high-grade gilomas, constitute a major cellular component of these lesions. GAM behavior is influenced by tumor-derived cytokines that suppress initial antitumorigenic properties, causing them to support tumor growth and to convert and suppress adaptive immune responses to the tumor. Mice that lack the transmembrane receptor neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), which modulates GAM immune polarization, exhibit a decrease in glioma volumes and neoangiogenesis and an increase in antitumorigenic GAM infiltrate. Here we show that replacing the peripheral macrophage populations of wild-type mice with Nrp1-depleted bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) confers resistance to the development of glioma. This resistance occurred in a similar fashion seen in mice in which all macrophages lacked Nrp1 expression. Tumors had decreased volumes, decreased vascularity, increased CTL infiltrate, and Nrp1-depleted BMDM adopted a more antitumorigenic phenotype relative to wild-type GAMs within the tumors. Mice with Nrp1-deficient microglia and wild-type peripheral macrophages showed resistance to glioma development and had higher microglial infiltrate than mice with wild-type GAMs. Our findings show how manipulating Nrp1 in either peripheral macrophages or microglia reprograms their phenotype and their pathogenic roles in tumor neovascularization and immunosuppression.Significance: This study highlights the proangiogenic receptor neuropilin 1 in macrophages and microglial cells in gliomas as a pivotal modifier of tumor neovascularization and immunosuppression, strengthening emerging evidence of the functional coordination of these two fundamental traits of cancer. Cancer Res; 78(3); 685-94. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael D Caponegro
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Danling Chen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Matthew K Choi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Melvin Li
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Stella E Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
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Wang W, Shen F, Wang C, Lu W, Wei J, Shang A, Wang C. MiR-1-3p inhibits the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells by suppressing CCL2 expression. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698383. [PMID: 28618950 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We attempted to analyze the effects of miR-1-3p and CCL2 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells. A total of 18 pairs of bladder cancer tissues with corresponding adjacent tissues and the 6 cases of normal tissues were collected. The expressions of miR-1-3p and CCL2 in the cancer tissues were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The relationship between miR-1-3p and CCL2 was assessed using luciferase reporter assay. The UM-UC-3 bladder cancer cells were transfected with CCL2 small interfering RNA and miR-1-3p mimics. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, Transwell assay, and the flow cytometry test were used to detect the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. Bladder cancer tissues had lower levels of miR-1-3p but higher levels of CCL2 than normal tissues ( p < 0.05). The transfection of miR-1-3p mimics and CCL2 small interfering RNA remarkably suppressed cell proliferation and invasion and promoted apoptosis of cells ( p < 0.05). Results of the luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated that miR-1-3p targeted CCL2. MiR-1-3p suppresses the proliferation and invasion of urinary bladder cancer cells by targeting CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- 1 Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China.,2 Department of Pathology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China
| | - Fujun Shen
- 3 Department of Oncology, Yancheng Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University and The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China
| | - Wenying Lu
- 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China
| | - Jun Wei
- 5 Clinical Medicine School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Anquan Shang
- 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China.,5 Clinical Medicine School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chunbin Wang
- 3 Department of Oncology, Yancheng Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University and The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, China
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CCR8 +FOXp3 + T reg cells as master drivers of immune regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:6086-6091. [PMID: 28533380 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621280114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study identifies CCR8+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) as drivers of immunosuppression. We show that in human peripheral blood cells, more than 30% of Treg up-regulate CCR8 following activation in the presence of CCL1. This interaction induces STAT3-dependent up-regulation of FOXp3, CD39, IL-10, and granzyme B, resulting in enhanced suppressive activity of these cells. Of the four human CCR8 ligands, CCL1 is unique in potentiating Treg cells. The relevance of these observations has been extended using an experimental model of multiple sclerosis [experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, (EAE)] and a stabilized version of mouse CCL1 (CCL1-Ig). First, we identified a self-feeding mechanism by which CCL1 produced by Treg cells at an autoimmune site up-regulates the expression of its own receptor, CCR8, on these cells. Administration of CCL1-Ig during EAE enhanced the in vivo proliferation of these CCR8+ regulatory cells while inducing the expression of CD39, granzyme B, and IL-10, resulting in the efficacious suppression of ongoing EAE. The critical role of the CCL1-CCR8 axis in Treg cells was further dissected through adoptive transfer studies using CCR8-/- mice. Collectively, we demonstrate the pivotal role of CCR8+ Treg cells in restraining immunity and highlight the potential clinical implications of this discovery.
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Elliott LA, Doherty GA, Sheahan K, Ryan EJ. Human Tumor-Infiltrating Myeloid Cells: Phenotypic and Functional Diversity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:86. [PMID: 28220123 PMCID: PMC5292650 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of human tumor-resident myeloid cells is, for the most part, based on a large body of work in murine models or studies enumerating myeloid cells in patient tumor samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC). This has led to the establishment of the theory that, by and large, tumor-resident myeloid cells are either “protumor” M2 macrophages or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). This concept has accelerated our understanding of myeloid cells in tumor progression and enabled the elucidation of many key regulatory mechanisms involved in cell recruitment, polarization, and activation. On the other hand, this paradigm does not embrace the complexity of the tumor-resident myeloid cell phenotype (IHC can only measure 1 or 2 markers per sample) and their possible divergent function in the hostile tumor microenvironment. Here, we examine the criteria that define human tumor-infiltrating myeloid cell subsets and provide a comprehensive and critical review of human myeloid cell nomenclature in cancer. We also highlight new evidence characterizing their contribution to cancer pathogenesis based on evidence derived from clinical studies drawing comparisons with murine studies where necessary. We then review the mechanisms in which myeloid cells are regulated by tumors in humans and how these are being targeted therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise A Elliott
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, School of Medicine, University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Glen A Doherty
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, School of Medicine, University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Kieran Sheahan
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, School of Medicine, University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Elizabeth J Ryan
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, School of Medicine, University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
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Inflammation and Cancer: Extra- and Intracellular Determinants of Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Tumor Promoters. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:9294018. [PMID: 28197019 PMCID: PMC5286482 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9294018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer-related inflammation is the recruitment of monocyte-macrophage lineage cells to the tumor microenvironment. These tumor infiltrating myeloid cells are educated by the tumor milieu, rich in cancer cells and stroma components, to exert functions such as promotion of tumor growth, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, and cancer cell dissemination. Our review highlights the ontogenetic diversity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and describes their main phenotypic markers. We cover fundamental molecular players in the tumor microenvironment including extra- (CCL2, CSF-1, CXCL12, IL-4, IL-13, semaphorins, WNT5A, and WNT7B) and intracellular signals. We discuss how these factors converge on intracellular determinants (STAT3, STAT6, STAT1, NF-κB, RORC1, and HIF-1α) of cell functions and drive the recruitment and polarization of TAMs. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate macrophage polarization key miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-155, miR-125a, miR-511, and miR-223) are also discussed in the context of the inflammatory myeloid tumor compartment. Accumulating evidence suggests that high TAM infiltration correlates with disease progression and overall poor survival of cancer patients. Identification of molecular targets to develop new therapeutic interventions targeting these harmful tumor infiltrating myeloid cells is emerging nowadays.
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Positive intratumoral chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8 expression predicts high recurrence risk of post-operation clear-cell renal cell carcinoma patients. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8413-21. [PMID: 26716905 PMCID: PMC4885002 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8 (CCR8) could drive cancer progress through recruiting certain immune cells. Recent evidences revealed the chemotaxis of CCR8+ human malignant tumor cells towards lymph node, and a significantly increased CCR8 expression in renal carcinomas patients. To assess the clinical association between CCR8 expression and the risk of post-surgery recurrence in patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), we detected intratumoral CCR8 expression in 472 post-nephrectomy ccRCC patients retrospectively enrolled. Positive CCR8 staining tumor cell occurred in 26.1% (123 of 472) non-metastatic ccRCC cases, and the positive expression was associated with increased risks of recurrence (Log-Rank P < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, CCR8 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.008) and entered into a newly-built nomogram together with T stage, Fuhrman grade, tumor size, necrosis and lymphovascular invasion. Calibration curves showed optimal agreement between predictions and observations, while its C-index was higher than that of Leibovich score for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) of localised RCC patients (0.854 vs 0.836, respectively; P = 0.044). The practical prognostic nomogram model may help clinicians in decision making and design of clinical studies.
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Tumor Associated Macrophages in Kidney Cancer. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2016; 2016:9307549. [PMID: 27807511 PMCID: PMC5078639 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9307549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important element of tumor stroma. They originate from blood monocytes attracted by chemokines and cytokines produced by tumor cells and, being instructed by tumor microenvironment, develop into potent tumor-supporting cell population. TAMs were demonstrated to directly stimulate tumor cell proliferation and to promote angiogenesis. Further TAMs provide for efficient immune escape by producing immunosuppressive cytokines and facilitate tumor dissemination by producing extracellular matrix remodeling enzymes. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), numerous studies were performed for elucidation of the role of TAM in tumor progression. Using pan-macrophages marker CD68 and type 2 macrophage (M2) markers CD163 and CD206, it was demonstrated that increased density of TAMs is associated with poor survival of patients. Although most of the studies are focused on M2 population in RCC, several markers rather typical for type 1 macrophages (M1) were also characterized. Macrophages isolated from RCC tumors were shown to produce proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2. It can be concluded that RCC is an excellent example of a tumor with hybrid phenotype of TAMs that share both M1 and M2 properties. Moreover, TAMs seem to be an attractive therapeutic target as well. Further investigations are needed for identification of RCC-specific TAM markers with high predictive capacity and/or suitable for therapeutic targeting.
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CAO QIFENG, WANG NING, QI JUAN, GU ZHENGQIN, SHEN HAIBO. Long non‑coding RNA‑GAS5 acts as a tumor suppressor in bladder transitional cell carcinoma via regulation of chemokine (C‑C motif) ligand 1 expression. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:27-34. [PMID: 26548923 PMCID: PMC4686088 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in diverse biological processes, including transcriptional regulation, cell growth and tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to investigate whether lncRNA‑growth arrest‑specific (GAS)5 regulated bladder cancer progression via regulation of chemokine (C‑C) ligand (CCL)1 expression. The viability of BLX bladder cancer cells was detected using a Cell Counting kit‑8 assay, and cell apoptosis was assessed by annexin V‑propidium iodide double‑staining. The expression levels of specific genes and proteins were analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. In addition, cells were transfected with small interfering (si)RNAs or recombinant GAS5 in order to silence or overexpress GAS5, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrated that knockdown of GAS5 expression promoted bladder cancer cell proliferation, whereas overexpression of GAS5 suppressed cell proliferation. Furthermore, knockdown of GAS5 resulted in an increased percentage of cells in S and G2 phase, and a decreased percentage of cells in G1 phase. In addition, the present study performed a hierarchical cluster analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs in bladder cancer cells and detected that CCL1 overexpression resulted in an upregulation of GAS5, which may improve the ability of cells to regulate a stress response in vitro. Furthermore, knockdown of GAS5 expression increased the mRNA and protein expression of CCL1 in bladder cancer cells. Gain‑of‑function and loss‑of‑function studies demonstrated that GAS5 was able to inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation, at least in part, by suppressing the expression of CCL1. The results of the present study demonstrated that GAS5 was able to suppress bladder cancer cell proliferation, at least partially, by suppressing the expression of CCL1. The results of the present study may provide a basis for developing novel effective treatment strategies against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - JUAN QI
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - ZHENGQIN GU
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - HAIBO SHEN
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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Mickley A, Kovaleva O, Kzhyshkowska J, Gratchev A. Molecular and immunologic markers of kidney cancer-potential applications in predictive, preventive and personalized medicine. EPMA J 2015; 6:20. [PMID: 26500709 PMCID: PMC4617448 DOI: 10.1186/s13167-015-0042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Kidney cancer is one of the deadliest malignancies due to frequent late diagnosis (33 % or renal cell carcinoma are metastatic at diagnosis) and poor treatment options. There are two major subtypes of kidney cancer: renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and renal pelvis carcinoma. The risk factors for RCC, accounting for more than 90 % of all kidney cancers, are smoking, obesity, hypertension, misuse of pain medication, and some genetic diseases. The most common molecular markers of kidney cancer include mutations and epigenetic inactivation of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene, genes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, and carbonic anhydrase IX (CIAX). The role of epigenetic pathways, including DNA methylation and chromatin structure remodeling, was also demonstrated. Immunologic properties of RCC enable this type of tumor to escape immune response effectively. An important role in this process is played by tumor-associated macrophages that demonstrate mixed M1/M2 phenotype. In this review, we discuss molecular and cellular aspects for RCC development and current state of knowledge allowing personalized approaches for diagnostics and prognostic prediction of this disease. A set of macrophage markers is suggested for the analysis of the association of macrophage phenotype and disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Mickley
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany ; Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany ; Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexei Gratchev
- Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia ; Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia ; Laboratory of the Tumour Stromal Cells Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Kashirskoye Shosse 24, Moscow, Russia
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Campbell AR, Regan K, Bhave N, Pattanayak A, Parihar R, Stiff AR, Trikha P, Scoville SD, Liyanarachchi S, Kondadasula SV, Lele O, Davuluri R, Payne PRO, Carson WE. Gene expression profiling of the human natural killer cell response to Fc receptor activation: unique enhancement in the presence of interleukin-12. BMC Med Genomics 2015; 8:66. [PMID: 26470881 PMCID: PMC4608307 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-015-0142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traditionally, the CD56dimCD16+ subset of Natural Killer (NK) cells has been thought to mediate cellular cytotoxicity with modest cytokine secretion capacity. However, studies have suggested that this subset may exert a more diverse array of immunological functions. There exists a lack of well-developed functional models to describe the behavior of activated NK cells, and the interactions between signaling pathways that facilitate effector functions are not well understood. In the present study, a combination of genome-wide microarray analyses and systems-level bioinformatics approaches were utilized to elucidate the transcriptional landscape of NK cells activated via interactions with antibody-coated targets in the presence of interleukin-12 (IL-12). Methods We conducted differential gene expression analysis of CD56dimCD16+ NK cells following FcR stimulation in the presence or absence of IL-12. Next, we functionally characterized gene sets according to patterns of gene expression and validated representative genes using RT-PCR. IPA was utilized for biological pathway analysis, and an enriched network of interacting genes was generated using GeneMANIA. Furthermore, PAJEK and the HITS algorithm were employed to identify important genes in the network according to betweeness centrality, hub, and authority node metrics. Results Analyses revealed that CD56dimCD16+ NK cells co-stimulated via the Fc receptor (FcR) and IL-12R led to the expression of a unique set of genes, including genes encoding cytotoxicity receptors, apoptotic proteins, intracellular signaling molecules, and cytokines that may mediate enhanced cytotoxicity and interactions with other immune cells within inflammatory tissues. Network analyses identified a novel set of connected key players, BATF, IRF4, TBX21, and IFNG, within an integrated network composed of differentially expressed genes in NK cells stimulated by various conditions (immobilized IgG, IL-12, or the combination of IgG and IL-12). Conclusions These results are the first to address the global mechanisms by which NK cells mediate their biological functions when encountering antibody-coated targets within inflammatory sites. Moreover, this study has identified a set of high-priority targets for subsequent investigation into strategies to combat cancer by enhancing the anti-tumor activity of CD56dimCD16+ NK cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12920-015-0142-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Campbell
- The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Medical Scientist Training Program and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Kelly Regan
- Medical Scientist Training Program and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Neela Bhave
- The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Arka Pattanayak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Robin Parihar
- Department of Pediatrics, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Andrew R Stiff
- The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Medical Scientist Training Program and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Prashant Trikha
- The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Steven D Scoville
- The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Medical Scientist Training Program and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Division of Human Cancer Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Sri Vidya Kondadasula
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Wayne State University and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Omkar Lele
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Ramana Davuluri
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Philip R O Payne
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - William E Carson
- The Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,The Ohio State University College of Medicine, N924 Doan Hall, 410 West 10th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Quatromoni JG, Singhal S, Bhojnagarwala P, Hancock WW, Albelda SM, Eruslanov E. An optimized disaggregation method for human lung tumors that preserves the phenotype and function of the immune cells. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 97:201-9. [PMID: 25359999 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5ta0814-373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Careful preparation of human tissues is the cornerstone of obtaining accurate data in immunologic studies. Despite the essential importance of tissue processing in tumor immunology and clinical medicine, current methods of tissue disaggregation have not been rigorously tested for data fidelity. Thus, we critically evaluated the current techniques available in the literature that are used to prepare human lung tumors for immunologic studies. We discovered that these approaches are successful at digesting cellular attachments and ECMs; however, these methods frequently alter the immune cell composition and/or expression of surface molecules. We thus developed a novel approach to prepare human lung tumors for immunologic studies by combining gentle mechanical manipulation with an optimized cocktail of enzymes used at low doses. This enzymatic digestion cocktail optimized cell yield and cell viability, retrieved all major tumor-associated cell populations, and maintained the expression of cell-surface markers for lineage definition and in vivo effector functions. To our knowledge, we present the first rigorously tested disaggregation method designed for human lung tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon G Quatromoni
- Departments of *Surgery and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Departments of *Surgery and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pratik Bhojnagarwala
- Departments of *Surgery and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wayne W Hancock
- Departments of *Surgery and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven M Albelda
- Departments of *Surgery and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evgeniy Eruslanov
- Departments of *Surgery and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Rossi L, Santoni M, Crabb SJ, Scarpi E, Burattini L, Chau C, Bianchi E, Savini A, Burgio SL, Conti A, Conteduca V, Cascinu S, De Giorgi U. High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio persistent during first-line chemotherapy predicts poor clinical outcome in patients with advanced urothelial cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 22:1377-84. [PMID: 25234022 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-4097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an index of systemic inflammation, is associated with poor outcome for various types of cancers. We assessed the role on outcome prediction of NLR at baseline and persistent during first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced urothelial cancer. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 292 patients with unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer treated with first-line chemotherapy between January 2003 and December 2012. The cutoff values of NLR (>3 vs. <3) were evaluated before therapy and at day 1 of the second and third cycle (follow-up NLR). After univariate analysis, a multivariate analysis was carried out by Cox regression model and included the following variables: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (≥ 2 vs. 0-1), visceral disease (present vs. absent), hemoglobin (<12 g/dL vs. >12 g/dL), pretherapy NLR (>3 vs. <3), and follow-up NLR (>3 vs. ≤ 3). RESULTS Patients with pre- and follow-up NLR of >3 had a median progression-free survival of 3.2 months and a median overall survival of 5.7 months. In multivariate analysis, visceral metastases, pretherapy hemoglobin, and follow-up NLR were significant predictors of progression-free survival [hazard ratio (HR) 1.75, P = 0.0001; HR 1.57, P = 0.0015; HR 2.77, P < 0.0001, respectively], and of overall survival (HR 1.60, P = 0.0023; HR 1.59, P = 0.0024; HR 2.89, P < 0.0001, respectively); whereas pretherapy NLR remained as predictor of overall survival only (HR 1.53, P = 0.0101). CONCLUSIONS An increased NLR persistent during first-line chemotherapy is an independent predictive factor for patients with advanced urothelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Rossi
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
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Zhou J, Xiang Y, Yoshimura T, Chen K, Gong W, Huang J, Zhou Y, Yao X, Bian X, Wang JM. The role of chemoattractant receptors in shaping the tumor microenvironment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:751392. [PMID: 25110692 PMCID: PMC4119707 DOI: 10.1155/2014/751392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chemoattractant receptors are a family of seven transmembrane G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) initially found to mediate the chemotaxis and activation of immune cells. During the past decades, the functions of these GPCRs have been discovered to not only regulate leukocyte trafficking and promote immune responses, but also play important roles in homeostasis, development, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. Accumulating evidence indicates that chemoattractant GPCRs and their ligands promote the progression of malignant tumors based on their capacity to orchestrate the infiltration of the tumor microenvironment by immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal cells. This facilitates the interaction of tumor cells with host cells, tumor cells with tumor cells, and host cells with host cells to provide a basis for the expansion of established tumors and development of distant metastasis. In addition, many malignant tumors of the nonhematopoietic origin express multiple chemoattractant GPCRs that increase the invasiveness and metastasis of tumor cells. Therefore, GPCRs and their ligands constitute targets for the development of novel antitumor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- Endoscopic Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Keqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Department of Gastric Cancer and Soft Tissue Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiuwu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Modification of the tumor microenvironment as a novel target of renal cell carcinoma therapeutics. Cancer J 2014; 19:353-64. [PMID: 23867518 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0b013e31829da0ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To move forward with immunotherapy, it is important to understand how the tumor microenvironment generates systemic immunosuppression in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as well as in patients with other types of solid tumors. Even though antigen discovery in RCC has lagged behind melanoma, recent clinical trials have finally authenticated that RCC is susceptible to vaccine-based therapy. Furthermore, judicious coadministration of cytokines and chemotherapy can potentiate therapeutic responses to vaccine in RCC and prolong survival, as has already proved possible for melanoma. Although high-dose interleukin 2 immunotherapy has been superseded as first-line therapy for RCC by promiscuous receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (rTKIs) such as sunitinib, sunitinib itself is a potent immunoadjunct in animal tumor models. A reasonable therapeutic goal is to unite antiangiogenic strategies with immunotherapy as first-line therapy for RCC. This strategy is equally appropriate for testing in all solid tumors in which the microenvironment generates immunosuppression. A common element of RCC and pancreatic, colon, breast, and other solid tumors is large numbers of circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and because MDSCs elicit regulatory T cells rather than vice versa, gaining control over MDSCs is an important initial step in any immunotherapy. Although rTKIs like sunitinib have a remarkable capacity to deplete MDSCs and restore normal T-cell function in peripheral body compartments such as the bloodstream and the spleen, such rTKIs are effective only against MDSCs, which are engaged in phospho-STAT3-dependent programming (pSTAT3+). Unfortunately, rTKI-resistant pSTAT3- MDSCs are especially apt to arise within the tumor microenvironment itself, necessitating strategies that do not rely exclusively on STAT3 disruption. The most utilitarian strategy to gain control of both pSTAT3+ and pSTAT3- MDSCs may be to exploit the natural differentiation pathway, which permits MDSCs to mature into tumoricidal macrophages (TM1) via such stimuli as Toll-like receptor agonists, interferon γ, and CD40 ligation. Overall, this review highlights the mechanisms of immune suppression used by the different regulatory cell types operative in RCC as well as other tumors. It also describes the different therapeutic strategies to overcome the suppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment.
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Tumor-associated macrophages: functional diversity, clinical significance, and open questions. Semin Immunopathol 2013; 35:585-600. [PMID: 23657835 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-013-0367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is now a well-recognized hallmark of cancer progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the major inflammatory cells that infiltrate murine and human tumors. While epidemiological studies indicate a clear correlation between TAM density and poor prognosis in a number of human cancers, transgenic studies and transcriptome profiling of TAMs in mice have established their crucial role in cancer progression. In fact, TAMs affect diverse aspects of cancer progression including tumor cell growth and survival, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immunoregulation. New evidences have extended the repertoire of these cells to other tumor promoting activities like interactions with cancer stem cells, response to chemotherapy, and tumor relapse. These findings have triggered efforts to target TAMs and their associated molecules to modulate tumor progression. In particular, "re-education" to activate their anti-tumor potential or elimination of tumor promoting TAMs are strategies undergoing preclinical and clinical evaluation. Proof-of-principle studies indicate that TAM-centered therapeutic strategies may contribute to cancer therapy.
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