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Hedegger K, Blutke A, Hommel T, Auer KE, Nataraj NB, Lindzen M, Yarden Y, Dahlhoff M. Trapping all ERBB ligands decreases pancreatic lesions in a murine model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2415-2431. [PMID: 37341059 PMCID: PMC10620123 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest of cancers. Attempts to develop targeted therapies still need to be established. Some oncogenic mechanisms in PDAC carcinogenesis harness the EGFR/ERBB receptor family. To explore the effects on pancreatic lesions, we attempted simultaneous blockade of all ERBB ligands in a PDAC mouse model. To this end, we engineered a molecular decoy, TRAP-FC , comprising the ligand-binding domains of both EGFR and ERBB4 and able to trap all ERBB ligands. Next, we generated a transgenic mouse model (CBATRAP/0 ) expressing TRAP-FC ubiquitously under the control of the chicken-beta-actin promoter and crossed these mice with KRASG12D/+ mice (Kras) to generate Trap/Kras mice. The resulting mice displayed decreased emergence of spontaneous pancreatic lesion areas and exhibited reduced RAS activity and decreased activities of ERBBs, with the exception of ERBB4, which showed increased activity. To identify the involved receptor(s), we employed CRISPR/Cas9 DNA editing to singly delete each ERBB receptor in the human pancreatic carcinoma cell line Panc-1. Ablation of each ERBB family member, especially the loss of EGFR or ERBB2/HER2, altered signaling downstream of the other three ERBB receptors and decreased cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth. We conclude that simultaneously blocking the entire ERBB receptor family is therapeutically more effective than individually inhibiting only one receptor or ligand in terms of reducing pancreatic tumor burden. In summary, trapping all ERBB ligands can reduce pancreatic lesion area and RAS activity in a murine model of pancreatic adenocarcinoma; hence, it might represent a promising approach to treat PDAC in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Hedegger
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene CenterLMU MünchenGermany
| | - Andreas Blutke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary MedicineLMU MünchenGermany
| | - Theresa Hommel
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro ModelsUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Kerstin E. Auer
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro ModelsUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Nishanth B. Nataraj
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative BiologyWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
- Bugworks Research Inc, CCAMPBengaluruIndia
| | - Moshit Lindzen
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative BiologyWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative BiologyWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Maik Dahlhoff
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro ModelsUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
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2
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Majumder A. HER3: Toward the Prognostic Significance, Therapeutic Potential, Current Challenges, and Future Therapeutics in Different Types of Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2517. [PMID: 37947595 PMCID: PMC10648638 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is the only family member of the EGRF/HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases that lacks an active kinase domain (KD), which makes it an obligate binding partner with other receptors for its oncogenic role. When HER3 is activated in a ligand-dependent (NRG1/HRG) or independent manner, it can bind to other receptors (the most potent binding partner is HER2) to regulate many biological functions (growth, survival, nutrient sensing, metabolic regulation, etc.) through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. HER3 has been found to promote tumorigenesis, tumor growth, and drug resistance in different cancer types, especially breast and non-small cell lung cancer. Given its ubiquitous expression across different solid tumors and role in oncogenesis and drug resistance, there has been a long effort to target HER3. As HER3 cannot be targeted through its KD with small-molecule kinase inhibitors via the conventional method, pharmaceutical companies have used various other approaches, including blocking either the ligand-binding domain or extracellular domain for dimerization with other receptors. The development of treatment options with anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and different combination therapies showed limited clinical efficiency for various reasons. Recent reports showed that the extracellular domain of HER3 is not required for its binding with other receptors, which raises doubt about the efforts and applicability of the development of the HER3-antibodies for treatment. Whereas HER3-directed antibody-drug conjugates showed potentiality for treatment, these drugs are still under clinical trial. The currently understood model for dimerization-induced signaling remains incomplete due to the absence of the crystal structure of HER3 signaling complexes, and many lines of evidence suggest that HER family signaling involves more than the interaction of two members. This review article will significantly expand our knowledge of HER3 signaling and shed light on developing a new generation of drugs that have fewer side effects than the current treatment regimen for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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3
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Kojima Y, Sudo K, Yoshida H, Yazaki S, Tokura M, Mizoguchi C, Okuma HS, Kita S, Yamamoto K, Nishikawa T, Noguchi E, Shimoi T, Tanase Y, Uno M, Ishikawa M, Kato T, Koyama K, Kobayashi M, Kakegawa T, Fujiwara Y, Yonemori K. Changes in HER3 expression profiles between primary and recurrent gynecological cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:18. [PMID: 36737733 PMCID: PMC9898949 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor-3 (HER3) is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and its overexpression is associated with inferior prognosis in several cancers. However, it is unclear whether HER3 expression status changes in tumor tissue at recurrence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the changes in HER3 expression between primary and recurrent status in gynecological cancers. METHODS This retrospective study used matched-pair tissues of gynecological cancer patients at initial diagnosis and at recurrence. Immunohistochemical (IHC) scores of 3 + or 2 + were termed "HER3-high", while IHC scores of 1 + or 0 were designated as "HER3-low/zero". RESULTS A total of 86 patients (40 with ovarian cancers, 32 with endometrial cancers, and 14 with cervical cancers) were included in this study. In ovarian cancer, 67.5% and 80.0% of the patients received a HER3-high at initial and recurrent diagnosis, respectively. The H-score was significantly increased at recurrence (p = 0.004). The proportion of HER3-high endometrial cancer patients increased from 46.9% at initial diagnosis to 68.8% at recurrence, and the H-score tended to increase at recurrence (p = 0.08). The fraction of HER3-high-rated cervical cancer patients remained unchanged at 85.7% both at initial and recurrent diagnosis. The discordance rate of HER3 expression detection in initial and recurrent diagnosis samples was 27.5%, 53.1%, and 14.3% for ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers, respectively. Ovarian and endometrial cancers with a HER3-high recurrent score tended to show shorter median survival time than those with a HER3-low/zero recurrent rating. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that, in main types of gynecological cancers, the proportion of patients having a HER3-high score increased from initial to recurrent diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kojima
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Kazuki Sudo
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Shu Yazaki
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Momoko Tokura
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Chiharu Mizoguchi
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Hitomi S. Okuma
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Shosuke Kita
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Kasumi Yamamoto
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Tadaaki Nishikawa
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Emi Noguchi
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Tatsunori Shimoi
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanase
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Masaya Uno
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Mitsuya Ishikawa
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kato
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Kumiko Koyama
- grid.410844.d0000 0004 4911 4738Translational Science Department I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 140-8710 Japan
| | - Maki Kobayashi
- grid.410844.d0000 0004 4911 4738Translational Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1-16-13, Kitakasai, Edogawa-Ku, Tokyo, 134-8630 Japan
| | - Tomoya Kakegawa
- grid.410844.d0000 0004 4911 4738Translational Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1-16-13, Kitakasai, Edogawa-Ku, Tokyo, 134-8630 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
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4
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Uliano J, Corvaja C, Curigliano G, Tarantino P. Targeting HER3 for cancer treatment: a new horizon for an old target. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100790. [PMID: 36764093 PMCID: PMC9929675 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptors family, having as its main ligands neuregulins 1 and 2. Although its poor tyrosine kinase activity entails a weak oncogenic power on its own, HER3 can heterodimerize with HER2 and/or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), leading to a drastic enhancement of transphosphorylation and activation of downstream signaling pathways, ultimately promoting oncogenesis, metastatic dissemination, and drug resistance. Given its ubiquitous expression across solid tumors, multiple efforts have been done to therapeutically target HER3 by blocking either the ligand binding domain or its dimerization with other receptors. Treatment with anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies or bispecific antibodies, both as single agents and in combination with other compounds, unfortunately led to unsatisfactory results across several tumor types. The HER3-directed delivery of cytotoxic payloads through antibody-drug conjugates has recently demonstrated encouraging activity in several tumor types, however, suggesting a potential role for the therapeutic targeting of HER3 in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Uliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan. https://twitter.com/jacopo_uli
| | - C Corvaja
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. https://twitter.com/carlacorvaja
| | - G Curigliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan. https://twitter.com/curijoey
| | - P Tarantino
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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5
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Swain SM, Shastry M, Hamilton E. Targeting HER2-positive breast cancer: advances and future directions. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:101-126. [PMID: 36344672 PMCID: PMC9640784 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The long-sought discovery of HER2 as an actionable and highly sensitive therapeutic target was a major breakthrough for the treatment of highly aggressive HER2-positive breast cancer, leading to approval of the first HER2-targeted drug - the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab - almost 25 years ago. Since then, progress has been swift and the impressive clinical activity across multiple trials with monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates that target HER2 has spawned extensive efforts to develop newer platforms and more targeted therapies. This Review discusses the current standards of care for HER2-positive breast cancer, mechanisms of resistance to HER2-targeted therapy and new therapeutic approaches and agents, including strategies to harness the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Swain
- grid.516085.f0000 0004 0606 3221Department of Medicine, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and MedStar Health, Washington, DC USA
| | - Mythili Shastry
- grid.419513.b0000 0004 0459 5478Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Erika Hamilton
- grid.419513.b0000 0004 0459 5478Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN USA ,grid.492963.30000 0004 0480 9560Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN USA
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6
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Kilroy MK, Park S, Feroz W, Patel H, Mishra R, Alanazi S, Garrett JT. HER3 Alterations in Cancer and Potential Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246174. [PMID: 36551663 PMCID: PMC9776947 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the third member of the HER family, kinase impaired HER3, has become a target of interest in cancer as there is accumulating evidence that HER3 plays a role in tumor growth and progression. This review focuses on HER3 activation in bladder, breast, colorectal, and lung cancer disease progression. HER3 mutations occur at a rate up to ~10% of tumors dependent on the tumor type. With patient tumors routinely sequenced for gene alterations in recent years, we have focused on HER3 mutations in bladder, breast, colon, and lung cancers particularly in response to targeted therapies and the potential to become a resistance mechanism. There are currently several HER3 targeting drugs in the pipeline, possibly improving outcomes for cancer patients with tumors containing HER3 activation and/or alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kate Kilroy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - SoYoung Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Cancer Research Scholars Program, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Wasim Feroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Hima Patel
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rosalin Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Samar Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Joan T. Garrett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence:
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7
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Shivatare SS, Shivatare VS, Wong CH. Glycoconjugates: Synthesis, Functional Studies, and Therapeutic Developments. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15603-15671. [PMID: 36174107 PMCID: PMC9674437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are major constituents of mammalian cells that are formed via covalent conjugation of carbohydrates to other biomolecules like proteins and lipids and often expressed on the cell surfaces. Among the three major classes of glycoconjugates, proteoglycans and glycoproteins contain glycans linked to the protein backbone via amino acid residues such as Asn for N-linked glycans and Ser/Thr for O-linked glycans. In glycolipids, glycans are linked to a lipid component such as glycerol, polyisoprenyl pyrophosphate, fatty acid ester, or sphingolipid. Recently, glycoconjugates have become better structurally defined and biosynthetically understood, especially those associated with human diseases, and are accessible to new drug, diagnostic, and therapeutic developments. This review describes the status and new advances in the biological study and therapeutic applications of natural and synthetic glycoconjugates, including proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. The scope, limitations, and novel methodologies in the synthesis and clinical development of glycoconjugates including vaccines, glyco-remodeled antibodies, glycan-based adjuvants, glycan-specific receptor-mediated drug delivery platforms, etc., and their future prospectus are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S Shivatare
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Vidya S Shivatare
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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8
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Lou H, Cao X. Antibody variable region engineering for improving cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:804-827. [PMID: 35822503 PMCID: PMC9456695 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy and specificity of conventional monoclonal antibody (mAb) drugs in the clinic require further improvement. Currently, the development and application of novel antibody formats for improving cancer immunotherapy have attracted much attention. Variable region-retaining antibody fragments, such as antigen-binding fragment (Fab), single-chain variable fragment (scFv), bispecific antibody, and bi/trispecific cell engagers, are engineered with humanization, multivalent antibody construction, affinity optimization and antibody masking for targeting tumor cells and killer cells to improve antibody-based therapy potency, efficacy and specificity. In this review, we summarize the application of antibody variable region engineering and discuss the future direction of antibody engineering for improving cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hantao Lou
- Ludwig Institute of Cancer ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7DRUK
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford InstituteNuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7FZUK
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford InstituteNuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX3 7FZUK
- Department of ImmunologyCentre for Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100005P. R. China
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9
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Drago JZ, Ferraro E, Abuhadra N, Modi S. Beyond HER2: Targeting the ErbB receptor family in breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 109:102436. [PMID: 35870237 PMCID: PMC10478787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the HER2 oncogene represents one of the greatest advances in the treatment of breast cancer. HER2 is one member of the ERBB-receptor family, which includes EGFR (HER1), HER3 and HER4. In the presence or absence of underling genomic aberrations such as mutations or amplification events, intricate interactions between these proteins on the cell membrane lead to downstream signaling that encourages cancer growth and proliferation. In this Review, we contextualize efforts to pharmacologically target the ErbB receptor family beyond HER2, with a focus on EGFR and HER3. Preclinical and clinical efforts are synthesized. We discuss successes and failures of this approach to date, summarize lessons learned, and propose a way forward that invokes new therapeutic modalities such as antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), combination strategies, and patient selection through rational biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Z Drago
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weil Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Emanuela Ferraro
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nour Abuhadra
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weil Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shanu Modi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weil Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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10
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EGFR, HER2, and HER3 protein expression in paired primary tumor and lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12894. [PMID: 35902718 PMCID: PMC9334602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17210-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the difficulty in sampling of metastatic tumors, patient selection is commonly based on results of primary tumor samples when metastatic samples are not available. However, due to tumor heterogeneity, metastatic tumors may be different from primary tumors in their phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of EGFR, HER2, and HER3 between primary and lymph node metastatic lesions of colorectal cancer. Paired primary tumors and lymph node metastases from 79 patients with colorectal cancer were retrospectively collected and analyzed for EGFR, HER2, and HER3 expression. High EGFR, HER2, and HER3 expression (2+ and 3+) was found in 64.2%, 66.0%, and 85.0% of primary tumors, and 56.8%, 46.0%, and 76.0% of lymph node metastases, respectively. Correlation rates between primary and metastatic lesions were 67.1%, 63.3%, and 74.7% for EGFR, HER2, and HER3, respectively. Stage IV tumors (with distant metastasis) had higher correlation rates of HER2 expression compared to stage III tumors (without distant metastasis) (P = 0.050). Moderate correlation rates in EGFR, HER2, and HER3 expression were observed between primary and metastatic lesions of colorectal cancer. Tumor stage or existence of distant metastasis could serve as potential predictive markers for the correlation of HER2 expression between primary tumors and lymph node metastases of colorectal cancer.
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11
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Drug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: From Mechanism to Clinic. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122928. [PMID: 35740594 PMCID: PMC9221177 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The 5-year survival rate is 90% for patients with early CRC, 70% for patients with locally advanced CRC, and 15% for patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC). In fact, most CRC patients are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Although chemotherapy, molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapy have significantly improved patient survival, some patients are initially insensitive to these drugs or initially sensitive but quickly become insensitive, and the emergence of such primary and secondary drug resistance is a significant clinical challenge. The most direct cause of resistance is the aberrant anti-tumor drug metabolism, transportation or target. With more in-depth research, it is found that cell death pathways, carcinogenic signals, compensation feedback loop signal pathways and tumor immune microenvironment also play essential roles in the drug resistance mechanism. Here, we assess the current major mechanisms of CRC resistance and describe potential therapeutic interventions.
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12
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The HER family as therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 174:103681. [PMID: 35462030 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER, ErbB) family has four members, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3, and HER4. Although distinct in ligands and functions, all of the HER family members are receptor tyrosine kinases playing important roles in the pathogenesis of cancers. In the era of precision medicine, the HER family is one of the most important and successful cancer therapeutic targets, hallmarked by the approval of anti-EGFR therapies for the treatment of colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, and anti-HER2 therapies for the treatment of breast cancer and gastric cancer. This review briefly discusses how HER family members were discovered, their functions and roles in cancer, and most importantly, the developmental history and recent updates of therapies targeting HER family members, with colorectal cancer as a focus. We also discussed the patient selection and drug resistance to anti-EGFR therapies in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Molavipordanjani S, Hosseinimehr SJ. The Radiolabeled HER3 Targeting Molecules for Tumor Imaging. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:141-152. [PMID: 34400948 PMCID: PMC8170765 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.114677.14991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family plays pivotal roles in physiologic and pathologic conditions (such as tumor growth, proliferation, and progression in multiple epithelial malignancies). All the family members are considered tyrosine kinase, while HER3 as a member of this family shows no intrinsic tyrosine kinase. HER3 is called ‘pseudokinase’ because it undergoes heterodimerization and forms dimers such as HER2-HER3 and HER1 (EGFR)-HER3. The exact role of HER3 in cancer is still unclear; however, the overexpression of this receptor is involved in the poor prognosis of malignancies. To that end, different studies investigated the development of radiotracers for imaging of HER3. The main focus of this review is to gather all the studies on developing new radiotracers for imaging of HER3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Molavipordanjani
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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14
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A scDb-based trivalent bispecific antibody for T-cell-mediated killing of HER3-expressing cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13880. [PMID: 34230555 PMCID: PMC8260734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HER3 is a member of the EGF receptor family and elevated expression is associated with cancer progression and therapy resistance. HER3-specific T-cell engagers might be a suitable treatment option to circumvent the limited efficacy observed for HER3-blocking antibodies in clinical trials. In this study, we developed bispecific antibodies for T-cell retargeting to HER3-expressing tumor cells, utilizing either a single-chain diabody format (scDb) with one binding site for HER3 and one for CD3 on T-cells or a trivalent bispecific scDb-scFv fusion protein exhibiting an additional binding site for HER3. The scDb-scFv showed increased binding to HER3-expressing cancer cell lines compared to the scDb and consequently more effective T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Furthermore, the bivalent binding mode of the scDb-scFv for HER3 translated into more potent T-cell mediated cancer cell killing, and allowed to discriminate between moderate and low HER3-expressing target cells. Thus, our study demonstrated the applicability of HER3 for T-cell retargeting with bispecific antibodies, even at moderate expression levels, and the increased potency of an avidity-mediated specificity gain, potentially resulting in a wider safety window of bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies targeting HER3.
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15
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Gan HK, Millward M, Jalving M, Garrido-Laguna I, Lickliter JD, Schellens JHM, Lolkema MP, Van Herpen CLM, Hug B, Tang L, O'Connor-Semmes R, Gagnon R, Ellis C, Ganji G, Matheny C, Drilon A. A Phase I, First-in-Human Study of GSK2849330, an Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody, in HER3-Expressing Solid Tumors. Oncologist 2021; 26:e1844-e1853. [PMID: 34132450 PMCID: PMC8488777 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GSK2849330, an anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody that blocks HER3/Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) signaling in cancer cells, is engineered for enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. This phase I, first-in-human, open-label study assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and preliminary activity of GSK2849330 in patients with HER3-expressing advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with various tumor types were prospectively selected for HER3 expression by immunohistochemistry; a subset was also screened for NRG1 mRNA expression. In the dose-escalation phase, patients received GSK2849330 1.4-30 mg/kg every 2 weeks, or 3 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg weekly, intravenously (IV). In the dose-expansion phase, patients received 30 mg/kg GSK2849330 IV weekly. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients with HER3-expressing cancers, of whom two expressed NRG1, received GSK2849330 (dose escalation: n = 18, dose expansion: n = 11). GSK2849330 was well tolerated. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The highest dose, of 30 mg/kg weekly, expected to provide full target engagement, was selected for dose expansion. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were mostly grade 1 or 2. The most common AEs were diarrhea (66%), fatigue (62%), and decreased appetite (31%). Dose-proportional plasma exposures were achieved, with evidence of HER3 inhibition in paired tissue biopsies. Of 29 patients, only 1 confirmed partial response, lasting 19 months, was noted in a patient with CD74-NRG1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CONCLUSION GSK2849330 demonstrated a favorable safety profile, dose-proportional PK, and evidence of target engagement, but limited antitumor activity in HER3-expressing cancers. The exceptional response seen in a patient with CD74-NRG1-rearranged NSCLC suggests further exploration in NRG1-fusion-positive cancers. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This first-in-human study confirms that GSK2849330 is well tolerated. Importantly, across a variety of HER3-expressing advanced tumors, prospective selection by HER3/NRG1 expression alone was insufficient to identify patients who could benefit from treatment with this antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity- and complement-dependent cytotoxicity-enhanced anti-HER3 antibody. The only confirmed durable response achieved was in a patient with CD74-NRG1-rearranged lung cancer. This highlights the potential utility of screening for NRG1 fusions prospectively across tumor types to enrich potential responders to anti-HER3 agents in ongoing trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui K Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,School of Medicine, Latrobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Millward
- Linear Clinical Research and University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mathilde Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Garrido-Laguna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Jan H M Schellens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn P Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carla L M Van Herpen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce Hug
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lihua Tang
- Independent Consultant, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robin O'Connor-Semmes
- Clinical Pharmacology, Modeling and Simulation, Parexel International, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexander Drilon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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16
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Manickavasagar T, Yuan W, Carreira S, Gurel B, Miranda S, Ferreira A, Crespo M, Riisnaes R, Baker C, O'Brien M, Bhosle J, Popat S, Banerji U, Lopez J, de Bono J, Minchom A. HER3 expression and MEK activation in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Lung Cancer Manag 2021; 10:LMT48. [PMID: 34084213 PMCID: PMC8162178 DOI: 10.2217/lmt-2020-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We explore HER3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma (adeno-NSCLC) and identify potential mechanisms of HER3 expression. Materials & methods: Tumor samples from 45 patients with adeno-NSCLC were analyzed. HER3 and HER2 expression were identified using immunohistochemistry and bioinformatic interrogation of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results: HER3 was highly expressed in 42.2% of cases. ERBB3 copy number did not account for HER3 overexpression. Bioinformatic analysis of TCGA demonstrated that MEK activity score (a surrogate of functional signaling) did not correlate with HER3 ligands. ERBB3 RNA expression levels were significantly correlated with MEK activity after adjusting for EGFR expression. Conclusion: HER3 expression is common and is a potential therapeutic target by virtue of frequent overexpression and functional downstream signaling. HER3 expression is common in adeno-NSCLC and is a potential therapeutic target by virtue of frequent overexpression and functional downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Yuan
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Suzanne Carreira
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Bora Gurel
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Susana Miranda
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Mateus Crespo
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Ruth Riisnaes
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Chloe Baker
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Mary O'Brien
- Lung Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, SM2 5PT, UK
| | | | - Sanjay Popat
- Lung Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Udai Banerji
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Juanita Lopez
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Johann de Bono
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Anna Minchom
- Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.,Lung Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, SM2 5PT, UK
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17
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Hong M, Yoo Y, Kim M, Kim JY, Cha JS, Choi MK, Kim U, Kim K, Sohn Y, Bae D, Cho HS, Hong SB. A Novel Therapeutic Anti-ErbB3, ISU104 Exhibits Potent Antitumorigenic Activity by Inhibiting Ligand Binding and ErbB3 Heterodimerization. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1142-1152. [PMID: 33782100 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ErbB3, a member of the ErbB receptor family, is a potent mediator in the development and progression of cancer, and its activation plays pivotal roles in acquired resistance against anti-EGFR therapies and other standard-of-care therapies. Upon ligand (NRG1) binding, ErbB3 forms heterodimers with other ErbB proteins (i.e., EGFR and ErbB2), which allows activation of downstream PI3K/Akt signaling. In this study, we developed a fully human anti-ErbB3 antibody, named ISU104, as an anticancer agent. ISU104 binds potently and specifically to the domain 3 of ErbB3. The complex structure of ErbB3-domain 3::ISU104-Fab revealed that ISU104 binds to the NRG1 binding region of domain 3. The elucidated structure suggested that the binding of ISU104 to ErbB3 would hinder not only ligand binding but also the structural changes required for heterodimerization. Biochemical studies confirmed these predictions. ISU104 inhibited ligand binding, ligand-dependent heterodimerization and phosphorylation, and induced the internalization of ErbB3. As a result, downstream Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation were inhibited. The anticancer efficacy of ISU104 was demonstrated in xenograft models of various cancers. In summary, a highly potent ErbB3 targeting antibody, ISU104, is suitable for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirim Hong
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Youngki Yoo
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Jeong Seok Cha
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Myung Kyung Choi
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Uijin Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Kyungyong Kim
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Youngsoo Sohn
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Donggoo Bae
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South)
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (South).
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Research Institute, ISU ABXIS Co., Ltd., Sungnam-si, Republic of Korea (South).
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18
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Kundranda M, Gracian AC, Zafar SF, Meiri E, Bendell J, Algül H, Rivera F, Ahn ER, Watkins D, Pelzer U, Charu V, Zalutskaya A, Kuesters G, Pipas JM, Santillana S, Askoxylakis V, Ko AH. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of istiratumab (MM-141) plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine versus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine in front-line metastatic pancreatic cancer (CARRIE). Ann Oncol 2021; 31:79-87. [PMID: 31912800 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical data suggest that dual blockade of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and HER3 pathways has superior activity to IGF-1R blockade alone in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We tested whether istiratumab, an IGF-1R- and ErbB3-bispecific antibody, can enhance the efficacy of standard of care (SOC) chemotherapy in patients with metastatic PDAC selected for high IGF-1 serum levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS CARRIE was an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study for patients with previously untreated metastatic PDAC. In part 1, 10 patients were evaluated for pharmacokinetics and safety. In part 2, patients with high free serum IGF-1 levels were randomized 1 : 1 to receive either istiratumab [2.8 g intravenously (i.v.) every 2 weeks] or placebo combined with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel at approved dose schedule. The co-primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with high IGF-1 levels and PFS in patients with both high serum IGF-1 levels and heregulin (HRG)+ tumors. Key secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v.1.1, and adverse events (AEs) rate. RESULTS A total of 317 patients were screened, with 88 patients randomized in part 2 (experimental arm n = 43; control n = 45). In the high IGF-1 cohort, median PFS was 3.6 and 7.3 months in the experimental versus control arms, respectively [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.88, P = 0.027]. In the high IGF-1/HRG+ subgroup (n = 44), median PFS was 4.1 and 7.3 months, respectively (HR = 1.39, P = 0.42). Median OS and ORR for the overall population were similar between two arms. No significant difference in serious or grade ≥3 AEs was observed, although low-grade AEs leading to early discontinuation were higher in the experimental (39.5%) versus control arm (24.4%). CONCLUSIONS Istiratumab failed to improve the efficacy of SOC chemotherapy in this patient setting. High serum IGF-1 levels did not appear to be an adverse prognostic factor when compared with non-biomarker-selected historic controls. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02399137; EUDRA CT: 2014-004572-34.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kundranda
- Medical Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, USA
| | - A C Gracian
- Medical Oncology, Centro Integral Oncologico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Clínicas, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - S F Zafar
- Hematology and Oncology, Florida Cancer Specialists, Fort Myers, USA
| | - E Meiri
- Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Care and Research Center, Atlanta, USA
| | - J Bendell
- GI Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, USA
| | - H Algül
- TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Medizinische Klinik II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Rivera
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - E R Ahn
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Treatment Centers of America Chicago, Zion, USA
| | - D Watkins
- Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | - U Pelzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - V Charu
- Hematology/Oncology, Pacific Cancer Medical Center, Anaheim, USA
| | - A Zalutskaya
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - G Kuesters
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - J M Pipas
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - S Santillana
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - V Askoxylakis
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - A H Ko
- Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA.
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19
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Berdiel-Acer M, Maia A, Hristova Z, Borgoni S, Vetter M, Burmester S, Becki C, Michels B, Abnaof K, Binenbaum I, Bethmann D, Chatziioannou A, Hasmann M, Thomssen C, Espinet E, Wiemann S. Stromal NRG1 in luminal breast cancer defines pro-fibrotic and migratory cancer-associated fibroblasts. Oncogene 2021; 40:2651-2666. [PMID: 33692466 PMCID: PMC8049869 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
HER3 is highly expressed in luminal breast cancer subtypes. Its activation by NRG1 promotes activation of AKT and ERK1/2, contributing to tumour progression and therapy resistance. HER3-targeting agents that block this activation, are currently under phase 1/2 clinical studies, and although they have shown favorable tolerability, their activity as a single agent has proven to be limited. Here we show that phosphorylation and activation of HER3 in luminal breast cancer cells occurs in a paracrine manner and is mediated by NRG1 expressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Moreover, we uncover a HER3-independent NRG1 signaling in CAFs that results in the induction of a strong migratory and pro-fibrotic phenotype, describing a subtype of CAFs with elevated expression of NRG1 and an associated transcriptomic profile that determines their functional properties. Finally, we identified Hyaluronan Synthase 2 (HAS2), a targetable molecule strongly correlated with NRG1, as an attractive player supporting NRG1 signaling in CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Berdiel-Acer
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana Maia
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Faculty of Biosciences, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhivka Hristova
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Faculty of Biosciences, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Borgoni
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Faculty of Biosciences, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Vetter
- grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Department of Gynecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sara Burmester
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Corinna Becki
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgitta Michels
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Khalid Abnaof
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilona Binenbaum
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Medical Informatics for Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.11047.330000 0004 0576 5395Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece ,grid.22459.380000 0001 2232 6894Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Daniel Bethmann
- grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Institute of Pathology Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Aristotelis Chatziioannou
- grid.22459.380000 0001 2232 6894Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece ,e-NIOS PC, Kallithea-Athens, Greece
| | - Max Hasmann
- grid.424277.0Roche Diagnostics, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Thomssen
- grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Department of Gynecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elisa Espinet
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Divison of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.482664.aHeidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Hafeez U, Parslow AC, Gan HK, Scott AM. New insights into ErbB3 function and therapeutic targeting in cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:1057-1074. [PMID: 32981377 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1829485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of ErbB3 receptor tyrosine kinase in cancer progression, primary and acquired drug resistance, has become steadily evident since its discovery in 1989. ErbB3 overexpression in various solid organ malignancies is associated with shorter survival of patients. However, initial strategies to therapeutically target ErbB3 have not been rewarding. AREAS COVERED Here, we provide an overview of ErbB3 biology in carcinogenesis. We outline the role of ErbB3 as a critical pathway for resistance to other anti-cancer drugs. We focus on emerging clinical data, which will steer the potential future development of ErbB3 directed therapies. EXPERT OPINION Initial approaches to ErbB3 targeting have been challenging. However, the lack of success of anti-ErbB3 therapies in ongoing clinical trials may relate more to the complex biology of the receptor and challenges with the biomarkers used to date. Furthermore, it seems certain that the expression of the receptor per se is necessary but not sufficient for the response to ErbB3 therapies. Emerging data suggest that more sophisticated biomarkers are needed. Nonetheless, it is also likely that ErbB3 therapies may have the most efficacy in combination therapy, and their favorable toxicity profile makes this feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umbreen Hafeez
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adam C Parslow
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hui K Gan
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia
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21
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Laskin J, Liu SV, Tolba K, Heining C, Schlenk RF, Cheema P, Cadranel J, Jones MR, Drilon A, Cseh A, Gyorffy S, Solca F, Duruisseaux M. NRG1 fusion-driven tumors: biology, detection, and the therapeutic role of afatinib and other ErbB-targeting agents. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1693-1703. [PMID: 32916265 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic gene fusions are hybrid genes that result from structural DNA rearrangements, leading to deregulated activity. Fusions involving the neuregulin-1 gene (NRG1) result in ErbB-mediated pathway activation and therefore present a rational candidate for targeted treatment. The most frequently reported NRG1 fusion is CD74-NRG1, which most commonly occurs in patients with invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMAs) of the lung, although several other NRG1 fusion partners have been identified in patients with lung cancer, including ATP1B1, SDC4, and RBPMS. NRG1 fusions are also present in patients with other solid tumors, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In general, NRG1 fusions are rare across different types of cancer, with a reported incidence of <1%, with the notable exception of IMA, which represents ≈2%-10% of lung adenocarcinomas and has a reported incidence of ≈10%-30% for NRG1 fusions. A substantial proportion (≈20%) of NRG1 fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer cases are nonmucinous adenocarcinomas. ErbB-targeted treatments, such as afatinib, a pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor, are potential therapeutic strategies to address unmet treatment needs in patients harboring NRG1 fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Laskin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - S V Liu
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, USA
| | - K Tolba
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C Heining
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Dresden, Germany; Center for Personalized Oncology, NCT Dresden and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden at Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - R F Schlenk
- National Center of Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Cheema
- William Osler Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Cadranel
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - M R Jones
- QIAGEN Digital Insights, QIAGEN Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Cseh
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - S Gyorffy
- AstraZeneca Canada Ltd, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - F Solca
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Duruisseaux
- Hospices Civils de Lyon Cancer Institute, Anticancer Antibodies Lab Cancer Research Center of Lyon INSERM 1052 CNRS 528, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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22
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Ke H, Shen W, Hu A, Ou Q, Lu S. Distribution of NRG1 Gene Fusions in a Large Population of Chinese Patients with NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 14:e263-e266. [PMID: 31757375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Ke
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiang Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Kunshan No. 1 People's Hospital, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqun Hu
- Department of Oncology, Jintan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxiang Ou
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Shun Lu
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Li QH, Wang YZ, Tu J, Liu CW, Yuan YJ, Lin R, He WL, Cai SR, He YL, Ye JN. Anti-EGFR therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: mechanisms and potential regimens of drug resistance. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2020; 8:179-191. [PMID: 32665850 PMCID: PMC7333932 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab and panitumumab, as the highly effective antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), have clinical activity in the patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). These agents have good curative efficacy, but drug resistance also exists at the same time. The effects of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations and HER2 amplification on the treatment of refractory mCRC have been elucidated and the corresponding countermeasures have been put forward. However, the changes in EGFR and its ligands, the mutations or amplifications of PIK3CA, PTEN, TP53, MET, HER3, IRS2, FGFR1, and MAP2K1, the overexpression of insulin growth factor-1, the low expression of Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death, mismatch repair-deficient, and epigenetic instability may also lead to drug resistance in mCRC. Although the emergence of drug resistance has genetic or epigenetic heterogeneity, most of these molecular changes relating to it are focused on the key signaling pathways, such as the RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway. Accordingly, numerous efforts to target these signaling pathways and develop the novel therapeutic regimens have been carried out. Herein, we have reviewed the underlying mechanisms of the resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and the possible implications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hai Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Zhao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian Tu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chu-Wei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jie Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Run Lin
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Rong Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Long He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ning Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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24
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Yuan M, Huang LL, Chen JH, Wu J, Xu Q. The emerging treatment landscape of targeted therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:61. [PMID: 31871778 PMCID: PMC6914774 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer in the world. In 2018, there were over 2 million new cases of lung cancer and over 1.7 million deaths were attributed to lung cancer. Targeted therapy has emerged as an important mean of the disease management for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, we review and analyze recent literature, discuss the targeting pathways and ongoing clinical trials in lung cancer. Chemotherapy is no longer the best available treatment for all patients. Therapeutic decisions should be guided by an understanding of the molecular features of patient's tumor tissues. The future gains will likely emerge from finding optimal ways of combining targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
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25
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Wei W, Ni D, Ehlerding EB, Luo QY, Cai W. PET Imaging of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 17:1625-1636. [PMID: 30068751 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression and/or mutations of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) subfamilies, such as epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR), are closely associated with tumor cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and cellular invasiveness. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) specifically inhibiting these RTKs have shown remarkable success in improving patient survival in many cancer types. However, poor response and even drug resistance inevitably occur. In this setting, the ability to detect and visualize RTKs with noninvasive diagnostic tools will greatly refine clinical treatment strategies for cancer patients, facilitate precise response prediction, and improve drug development. Positron emission tomography (PET) agents using targeted radioactively labeled antibodies have been developed to visualize tumor RTKs and are changing clinical decisions for certain cancer types. In the present review, we primarily focus on PET imaging of RTKs using radiolabeled antibodies with an emphasis on the clinical applications of these immunoPET probes. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1625-36. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Dalong Ni
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Emily B Ehlerding
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin. .,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
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26
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Koganemaru S, Kuboki Y, Koga Y, Kojima T, Yamauchi M, Maeda N, Kagari T, Hirotani K, Yasunaga M, Matsumura Y, Doi T. U3-1402, a Novel HER3-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate, for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:2043-2050. [PMID: 31395690 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
HER3 is overexpressed in several cancers, including colorectal cancer. Although therapies with anti-HER3 antibodies have been investigated, significant clinical benefits have not been reported. U3-1402 is a novel HER3-antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the HER3 antibody patritumab and a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor, DX-8951 derivative (DXd). The sensitivity of DXd was evaluated by a growth inhibition assay. The antitumor activity of U3-1402 was evaluated in a murine xenograft model in which its effects on cells, with a range of HER3 expression levels, were compared with those of patritumab alone, irinotecan, control-ADC, and saline. In the growth inhibition assay, all colorectal cancer cell lines were sensitive to DXd. In the tumor xenograft model, significant tumor regression with U3-1402 was observed both in the DiFi cell line (high HER3 expression; KRAS wild type) and in SW620 (high HER3 expression; KRAS mutation), but no treatment effect was observed in Colo320DM (low HER3 expression). Notably, SW620 tumor growth was significantly suppressed with U3-1402 compared with the saline-treated group (P < 0.001) and showed greater activity compared with the irinotecan group. By contrast, patritumab alone, control-ADC, and saline did not significantly differ in tumor growth inhibition. The antitumor activity of U3-1402 was dependent on HER3 expression level, but not on KRAS mutation status. These results support further investigation of development strategies for U3-1402 in patients with HER3-expressing colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiro Koganemaru
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Medical Science Program, Graduate School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Kuboki
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Yoshikatsu Koga
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Research Center for Innovative Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Mayumi Yamauchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maeda
- Biomarker Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kagari
- Oncology Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirotani
- Oncology Clinical Development Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasunaga
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Research Center for Innovative Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsumura
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Research Center for Innovative Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Doi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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27
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Baro M, Lopez Sambrooks C, Burtness BA, Lemmon MA, Contessa JN. Neuregulin Signaling Is a Mechanism of Therapeutic Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:2124-2134. [PMID: 31387891 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
EGFR signaling confers resistance to radiotherapy and is a validated target in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The inhibition of EGFR in combination with radiotherapy improves local control and overall survival in these patients; however, therapeutic resistance limits the efficacy of this approach. We therefore sought to identify cellular mechanisms that cause resistance to EGFR inhibition and radiotherapy in HNSCC. Though clonal isolation of carcinoma cells exposed to increasing concentrations of cetuximab, we found that resistant cells upregulate prosurvival ErbB3 and AKT signaling. Using EFM-19 cells and confirmatory analysis of protein levels, we demonstrate that cetuximab resistance is characterized by enhanced neuregulin expression identifying a novel adaptive mechanism of therapeutic resistance. Inhibition of this autocrine loop with CDX-3379 (an ErbB3 specific antibody) was sufficient to block ErbB3/AKT signaling in cetuximab resistant cells. The combination of CDX-3379 and cetuximab reduced proliferation and survival after radiotherapy in several HNSCC cell lines. These in vitro findings were confirmed in xenograft tumor growth experiments including an approach using growth factor-supplemented Matrigel. In vivo, the delivery of EGFR and ErbB3 antibodies significantly reduced tumor growth in cetuximab-resistant FaDu and CAL27 xenografts. In summary, this work demonstrates that autocrine NRG ligand secretion is a mechanism for therapeutic resistance to cetuximab and radiotherapy. This cross-resistance to both therapeutic modalities identifies NRG as an actionable therapeutic target for improving treatment regimens in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Baro
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Barbara A Burtness
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mark A Lemmon
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joseph N Contessa
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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28
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Cejalvo JM, Jacob W, Fleitas Kanonnikoff T, Felip E, Navarro Mendivil A, Martinez Garcia M, Taus Garcia A, Leighl N, Lassen U, Mau-Soerensen M, Adessi C, Michielin F, James I, Ceppi M, Hasmann M, Weisser M, Cervantes A. A phase Ib/II study of HER3-targeting lumretuzumab in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment in patients with advanced or metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer. ESMO Open 2019; 4:e000532. [PMID: 31423336 PMCID: PMC6678014 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2019-000532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the safety and clinical activity of lumretuzumab, a humanised antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) monoclonal antibody, in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in first-line treatment of patients with squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC). HER3 ligand heregulin and HER3 protein expression were evaluated as potential biomarkers of clinical activity. Patients and methods This open-label, phase Ib/II study enrolled patients receiving lumretuzumab at 800 mg (flat) in combination with carboplatin (area under the curve (AUC) 6 mg/mL×min) and paclitaxel (200 mg/m2) administered intravenously on a every 3-week schedule. Adverse event (AE) rates and tumour responses were determined. Heregulin messenger RNA (mRNA) and HER3 protein expression were investigated in archival tumour biopsies. Results Altogether, 12 patients received lumretuzumab in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. The most frequent AEs were gastrointestinal, haematological and nervous system toxicities, which were generally mild and manageable. Partial responses were observed in 3 of 12 patients lasting 81, 177 and 207 days. All responses were achieved in tumours expressing higher heregulin mRNA levels. Conclusion Lumretuzumab in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel was well tolerated. Objective responses were enriched in tumours expressing higher heregulin mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Miguel Cejalvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia and CIBERONC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Jacob
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Tania Fleitas Kanonnikoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia and CIBERONC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Natasha Leighl
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ulrik Lassen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Celine Adessi
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Michielin
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ian James
- A4PConsulting Ltd, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio Ceppi
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Max Hasmann
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Martin Weisser
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Andrés Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia and CIBERONC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Ducret A, James I, Wilson S, Feilke M, Tebbe A, Dybowski N, Elschenbroich S, Klammer M, Blackler A, Liao WL, Tian Y, Friess T, Bossenmaier B, Dietmann G, Schaab C, Hembrough T, Ceppi M. Translation and evaluation of a pre-clinical 5-protein response prediction signature in a breast cancer phase Ib clinical trial. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213892. [PMID: 30897176 PMCID: PMC6428264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human protein biomarker discovery relies heavily on pre-clinical models, in particular established cell lines and patient-derived xenografts, but confirmation studies in primary tissue are essential to demonstrate clinical relevance. We describe in this study the process that was followed to clinically translate a 5-protein response signature predictive for the activity of an anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody (lumretuzumab) originally measured in fresh frozen xenograft tissue. We detail the development, qualification, and validation of the multiplexed targeted mass spectrometry assay used to assess the signature performance in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human clinical samples collected in a phase Ib trial designed to evaluate lumretuzumab in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We believe that the strategy delineated here provides a path forward to avoid the time- and cost-consuming step of having to develop immunological reagents against unproven targets. We expect that mass spectrometry-based platforms may become part of a rational process to rapidly test and qualify large number of candidate biomarkers to identify the few that stand a chance for further development and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Ducret
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Ian James
- A4P Consulting Ltd, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Wilson
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Martina Feilke
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Adele Blackler
- Oncoplex Diagnostics, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Wei-Li Liao
- Oncoplex Diagnostics, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Yuan Tian
- Oncoplex Diagnostics, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Thomas Friess
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Bossenmaier
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Dietmann
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | | | - Todd Hembrough
- Oncoplex Diagnostics, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Maurizio Ceppi
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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30
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Liu X, Liu S, Lyu H, Riker AI, Zhang Y, Liu B. Development of Effective Therapeutics Targeting HER3 for Cancer Treatment. Biol Proced Online 2019; 21:5. [PMID: 30930695 PMCID: PMC6425631 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-019-0093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
HER3 is the third member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER/EGFR) family, and unlike its other family members, is unique due to its minimal intrinsic kinase activity. As a result, HER3 has to interact with another receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), such as EGFR or HER2, in order to activate the PI-3 K/Akt, MEK/MAPK, Jak/Stat pathways, as well as Src kinase. Over-expression of HER3 in various human cancers promotes tumor progression by increasing metastatic potential and acting as a major cause of treatment failure. Effective inhibition of HER3, and/or the key downstream mediators of HER3 signaling, is thought to be required to overcome resistance and enhance therapeutic efficacy. To date, there is no known HER3-targeted therapy that is approved for breast cancer, with a number of anti-HER3 antibodies current in various stages of development and clinical testing. Recent data suggests that the epigenetic strategy of using a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, or functional cooperative miRNAs, may be an effective way to abrogate HER3 signaling. Here, we summarize the latest advances in our understanding of the mechanism of HER3 signaling in tumor progression, with continuing research towards the identification of therapeutic anti-HER3 antibodies. We will also examine the potential to develop novel epigenetic approaches that specifically target the HER3 receptor, along with important key downstream mediators that are involved in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liu
- 1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- 2Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Hui Lyu
- 2Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Adam I Riker
- 3Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Yamin Zhang
- 1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bolin Liu
- 2Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA USA
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31
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Turowec JP, Lau EWT, Wang X, Brown KR, Fellouse FA, Jawanda KK, Pan J, Moffat J, Sidhu SS. Functional genomic characterization of a synthetic anti-HER3 antibody reveals a role for ubiquitination by RNF41 in the anti-proliferative response. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:1396-1409. [PMID: 30523157 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases is involved in the progression of many cancers. Antibodies targeting the dimerization domains of family members EGFR and HER2 are approved cancer therapeutics, but efficacy is restricted to a subset of tumors and resistance often develops in response to treatment. A third family member, HER3, heterodimerizes with both EGFR and HER2 and has also been implicated in cancer. Consequently, there is strong interest in developing antibodies that target HER3, but to date, no therapeutics have been approved. To aid the development of anti-HER3 antibodies as cancer therapeutics, we combined antibody engineering and functional genomics screens to identify putative mechanisms of resistance or synthetic lethality with antibody-mediated anti-proliferative effects. We developed a synthetic antibody called IgG 95, which binds to HER3 and promotes ubiquitination, internalization, and receptor down-regulation. Using an shRNA library targeting enzymes in the ubiquitin proteasome system, we screened for genes that effect response to IgG 95 and uncovered the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF41 as a driver of IgG 95 anti-proliferative activity. RNF41 has been shown previously to regulate HER3 levels under normal conditions and we now show that it is also responsible for down-regulation of HER3 upon treatment with IgG 95. Moreover, our findings suggest that down-regulation of RNF41 itself may be a mechanism for acquired resistance to treatment with IgG 95 and perhaps other anti-HER3 antibodies. Our work deepens our understanding of HER3 signaling by uncovering the mechanistic basis for the anti-proliferative effects of potential anti-HER3 antibody therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob P Turowec
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Esther W T Lau
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Kevin R Brown
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Frederic A Fellouse
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Kamaldeep K Jawanda
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - James Pan
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Jason Moffat
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada.
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Medical Genetics, The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada.
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Kim HS, Han JY, Shin DH, Lim KY, Lee GK, Kim JY, Jacob W, Ceppi M, Weisser M, James I. EGFR and HER3 signaling blockade in invasive mucinous lung adenocarcinoma harboring an NRG1 fusion. Lung Cancer 2018; 124:71-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Schneeweiss A, Park-Simon TW, Albanell J, Lassen U, Cortés J, Dieras V, May M, Schindler C, Marmé F, Cejalvo JM, Martinez-Garcia M, Gonzalez I, Lopez-Martin J, Welt A, Levy C, Joly F, Michielin F, Jacob W, Adessi C, Moisan A, Meneses-Lorente G, Racek T, James I, Ceppi M, Hasmann M, Weisser M, Cervantes A. Phase Ib study evaluating safety and clinical activity of the anti-HER3 antibody lumretuzumab combined with the anti-HER2 antibody pertuzumab and paclitaxel in HER3-positive, HER2-low metastatic breast cancer. Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:848-859. [PMID: 29349598 PMCID: PMC6153514 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the safety and clinical activity of comprehensive human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family receptor inhibition using lumretuzumab (anti-HER3) and pertuzumab (anti-HER2) in combination with paclitaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods This phase Ib study enrolled 35 MBC patients (first line or higher) with HER3-positive and HER2-low (immunohistochemistry 1+ to 2+ and in-situ hybridization negative) tumors. Patients received lumretuzumab (1000 mg in Cohort 1; 500 mg in Cohorts 2 and 3) plus pertuzumab (840 mg loading dose [LD] followed by 420 mg in Cohorts 1 and 2; 420 mg without LD in Cohort 3) every 3 weeks, plus paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 weekly in all cohorts). Patients in Cohort 3 received prophylactic loperamide treatment. Results Diarrhea grade 3 was a dose-limiting toxicity of Cohort 1 defining the maximum tolerated dose of lumretuzumab when given in combination with pertuzumab and paclitaxel at 500 mg every three weeks. Grade 3 diarrhea decreased from 50% (Cohort 2) to 30.8% (Cohort 3) with prophylactic loperamide administration and omission of the pertuzumab LD, nonetheless, all patients still experienced diarrhea. In first-line MBC patients, the objective response rate in Cohorts 2 and 3 was 55% and 38.5%, respectively. No relationship between HER2 and HER3 expression or somatic mutations and clinical response was observed. Conclusions Combination treatment with lumretuzumab, pertuzumab and paclitaxel was associated with a high incidence of diarrhea. Despite the efforts to alter dosing, the therapeutic window remained too narrow to warrant further clinical development. TRIAL REGISTRATION on ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT01918254 first registered on 3rd July 2013.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Diarrhea/chemically induced
- Female
- Humans
- Hypokalemia/chemically induced
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Paclitaxel/administration & dosage
- Paclitaxel/adverse effects
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-3/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-3/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schneeweiss
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjoung-Won Park-Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecological Oncology and Clinical Research Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joan Albanell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Javier Cortés
- Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marcus May
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecological Oncology and Clinical Research Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Schindler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecological Oncology and Clinical Research Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frederik Marmé
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juan Miguel Cejalvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Health Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia and CIBERONC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Iria Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Martin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anja Welt
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christelle Levy
- Departments of Clinical Research Unit and Medical Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Florence Joly
- Departments of Clinical Research Unit and Medical Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Francesca Michielin
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Jacob
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany.
| | - Céline Adessi
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annie Moisan
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georgina Meneses-Lorente
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Welwyn, Welwyn Garden City, UK
| | - Tomas Racek
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maurizio Ceppi
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Max Hasmann
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Martin Weisser
- Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Andrés Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Health Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia and CIBERONC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Understanding the biology of HER3 receptor as a therapeutic target in human cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:503-510. [PMID: 30109175 PMCID: PMC6090011 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HER3 belongs to the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family which also includes HER1/EGFR/erbB1, HER2/erbB2, and HER4/erbB4. As a unique member of the HER family, HER3 lacks or has little intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. It frequently co-expresses and forms heterodimers with other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in cancer cells to activate oncogenic signaling, especially the PI-3K/Akt pathway and Src kinase. Elevated expression of HER3 has been observed in a wide variety of human cancers and associates with a worse survival in cancer patients with solid tumors. Studies on the underlying mechanism implicate HER3 expression as a major cause of treatment failure in cancer therapy. Activation of HER3 signaling has also been shown to promote cancer metastasis. These data strongly support the notion that therapeutic inactivation of HER3 and/or its downstream signaling is required to overcome treatment resistance and improve the outcomes of cancer patients.
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Key Words
- ADCC, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
- Ab, antibody
- Cell signaling
- Dimerization
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- HER, Human epidermal growth factor receptor
- HER3
- HRG, heregulin
- IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MEK, MAPK kinase
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- OS, overall survival
- PI-3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase
- TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor
- Targeted therapy
- Therapeutic resistance
- Tumor metastasis
- lncRNA, long ncRNA
- miRNA, microRNA
- ncRNA, noncoding RNA
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Jacob W, James I, Hasmann M, Weisser M. Clinical development of HER3-targeting monoclonal antibodies: Perils and progress. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 68:111-123. [PMID: 29944978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family consists of four transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3, and HER4. They are part of a complex signalling network and stimulate intracellular pathways regulating cell growth and differentiation. So far, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR and HER2 have been developed and approved. Recently, focus has turned to HER3 as it may play an important role in resistance to EGFR- and HER2-targeting therapies. HER3-targeting agents have been undergoing clinical evaluation for the last 10 years and currently thirteen mAbs are in phase 1 or 2 clinical studies. Single agent activity has proven to be limited, however, the tolerability was favourable. Thus, combinations of HER3-binding mAbs with other HER-targeting therapies or chemotherapies have been pursued in various solid tumor entities. Data indicate that the HER3-binding ligand heregulin may serve as a response prediction marker for HER3-targeting therapy. Within this review the current status of clinical development of HER3-targeting compounds is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Jacob
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany.
| | - Ian James
- A4P Consulting Ltd, Discovery Park, Sandwich, UK
| | - Max Hasmann
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Martin Weisser
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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36
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Xu C, Ravva P, Dang JS, Laurent J, Adessi C, McIntyre C, Meneses-Lorente G, Mercier F. A continuous-time multistate Markov model to describe the occurrence and severity of diarrhea events in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with lumretuzumab in combination with pertuzumab and paclitaxel. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 82:395-406. [PMID: 29915982 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3621-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To inform lumretuzumab and pertuzumab dose modifications in order to decrease the incidence, severity, and duration of the diarrhea events in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with a combination therapy of lumretuzumab (anti-HER3) in combination with pertuzumab (anti-HER2) and paclitaxel using quantitative clinical pharmacology modeling approaches. METHODS The safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) data from three clinical trials (lumretuzumab monotherapy n = 47, pertuzumab monotherapy n = 78, and the combination therapy of lumretuzumab, pertuzumab and paclitaxel n = 35) were pooled together to develop a continuous-time discrete states Markov model describing the dynamics of the diarrhea events. RESULTS The model was able to capture the time course of different severities of diarrhea reasonably well. The effect of lumretuzumab and pertuzumab was well described by an Emax function indicating an increased rate of transition from moderate to mild or more severe diarrhea with higher doses. The concentration needed to trigger or worsen diarrhea episodes was estimated to be 120-fold lower in combination therapy compared to monotherapy, suggesting strong synergy between the two monoclonal antibodies. The prophylactic effect of loperamide in a subset of patients was also well captured by the model with a clear tendency to reduce the occurrence of diarrhea events. CONCLUSIONS This work shows that PK-toxicity modeling provides insight into how the severity of key adverse events evolves over time and highlights the potential use to support decision making in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center New York, New York, USA
- Quantitative Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, USA
| | - Patanjali Ravva
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center New York, New York, USA
| | - Jun Steve Dang
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center New York, New York, USA
| | - Johann Laurent
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Céline Adessi
- Pharma Drug Safety Licensing, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christine McIntyre
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Welwyn, Welwyn, UK
| | | | - François Mercier
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Drilon A, Somwar R, Mangatt BP, Edgren H, Desmeules P, Ruusulehto A, Smith RS, Delasos L, Vojnic M, Plodkowski AJ, Sabari J, Ng K, Montecalvo J, Chang J, Tai H, Lockwood WW, Martinez V, Riely GJ, Rudin CM, Kris MG, Arcila ME, Matheny C, Benayed R, Rekhtman N, Ladanyi M, Ganji G. Response to ERBB3-Directed Targeted Therapy in NRG1-Rearranged Cancers. Cancer Discov 2018; 8:686-695. [PMID: 29610121 PMCID: PMC5984717 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NRG1 rearrangements are oncogenic drivers that are enriched in invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMA) of the lung. The oncoprotein binds ERBB3-ERBB2 heterodimers and activates downstream signaling, supporting a therapeutic paradigm of ERBB3/ERBB2 inhibition. As proof of concept, a durable response was achieved with anti-ERBB3 mAb therapy (GSK2849330) in an exceptional responder with an NRG1-rearranged IMA on a phase I trial (NCT01966445). In contrast, response was not achieved with anti-ERBB2 therapy (afatinib) in four patients with NRG1-rearranged IMA (including the index patient post-GSK2849330). Although in vitro data supported the use of either ERBB3 or ERBB2 inhibition, these clinical results were consistent with more profound antitumor activity and downstream signaling inhibition with anti-ERBB3 versus anti-ERBB2 therapy in an NRG1-rearranged patient-derived xenograft model. Analysis of 8,984 and 17,485 tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and MSK-IMPACT datasets, respectively, identified NRG1 rearrangements with novel fusion partners in multiple histologies, including breast, head and neck, renal, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and uterine cancers.Significance: This series highlights the utility of ERBB3 inhibition as a novel treatment paradigm for NRG1-rearranged cancers. In addition, it provides preliminary evidence that ERBB3 inhibition may be more optimal than ERBB2 inhibition. The identification of NRG1 rearrangements across various solid tumors supports a basket trial approach to drug development. Cancer Discov; 8(6); 686-95. ©2018 AACR.See related commentary by Wilson and Politi, p. 676This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Drilon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
- Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Romel Somwar
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Roger S Smith
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lukas Delasos
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Morana Vojnic
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Joshua Sabari
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth Ng
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Jason Chang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Huichun Tai
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Victor Martinez
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gregory J Riely
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark G Kris
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Maria E Arcila
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Ryma Benayed
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Marc Ladanyi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Mishra R, Patel H, Alanazi S, Yuan L, Garrett JT. HER3 signaling and targeted therapy in cancer. Oncol Rev 2018; 12:355. [PMID: 30057690 PMCID: PMC6047885 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2018.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB family members including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) also known as HER1, ERBB2/HER2/Neu, ERBB3/HER3 and ERBB4/HER4 are aberrantly activated in multiple cancers and hence serve as drug targets and biomarkers in modern precision therapy. The therapeutic potential of HER3 has long been underappreciated, due to impaired kinase activity and relatively low expression in tumors. However, HER3 has received attention in recent years as it is a crucial heterodimeric partner for other EGFR family members and has the potential to regulate EGFR/HER2-mediated resistance. Upregulation of HER3 is associated with several malignancies where it fosters tumor progression via interaction with different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Studies also implicate HER3 contributing significantly to treatment failure, mostly through the activation of PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK and JAK/STAT pathways. Moreover, activating mutations in HER3 have highlighted the role of HER3 as a direct therapeutic target. Therapeutic targeting of HER3 includes abrogating its dimerization partners’ kinase activity using small molecule inhibitors (lapatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, neratinib) or direct targeting of its extracellular domain. In this review, we focus on HER3-mediated signaling, its role in drug resistance and discuss the latest advances to overcome resistance by targeting HER3 using mono- and bispecific antibodies and small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalin Mishra
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hima Patel
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Samar Alanazi
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Long Yuan
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joan T Garrett
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Moisan A, Michielin F, Jacob W, Kronenberg S, Wilson S, Avignon B, Gérard R, Benmansour F, McIntyre C, Meneses-Lorente G, Hasmann M, Schneeweiss A, Weisser M, Adessi C. Mechanistic Investigations of Diarrhea Toxicity Induced by Anti-HER2/3 Combination Therapy. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1464-1474. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Viala M, Vinches M, Alexandre M, Mollevi C, Durigova A, Hayaoui N, Homicsko K, Cuenant A, Gongora C, Gianni L, Tosi D. Strategies for clinical development of monoclonal antibodies beyond first-in-human trials: tested doses and rationale for dose selection. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:679-697. [PMID: 29438365 PMCID: PMC5846071 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous survey on first-in-human trials (FIHT) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) showed that, due to their limited toxicity, the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) was only tentatively defined. METHODS We identified, by MEDLINE search, articles on single-agent trials of mAbs with an FIHT included in our previous survey. For each mAb, we examined tested dose(s) and dose selection rationale in non-FIHTs (NFIHTs). We also assessed the correlation between doses tested in the registration trials (RTs) of all FDA-approved mAbs and the corresponding FIHT results. RESULTS In the 37 dose-escalation NFIHTs, the RP2D indication was still poorly defined. In phase II-III NFIHTs (n=103 on 37 mAbs), the FIHT RP2D was the only dose tested for five mAbs. For 16 mAbs, only doses different from the FIHT RP2D or the maximum administered dose (MAD) were tested and the dose selection rationale infrequently indicated. In the 60 RTs on 27 FDA-approved mAbs with available FIHT, the FIHT RP2D was tested only for two mAbs, and RT doses were much lower than the FIHT MAD. CONCLUSIONS The rationale beyond dose selection in phase II and III trials of mAbs is often unclear in published articles and not based on FIHT data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Viala
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Vinches
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Nadia Hayaoui
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Alice Cuenant
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Gongora
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Luca Gianni
- San Raffaele – Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Tosi
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Montpellier, France
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Mota JM, Collier KA, Barros Costa RL, Taxter T, Kalyan A, Leite CA, Chae YK, Giles FJ, Carneiro BA. A comprehensive review of heregulins, HER3, and HER4 as potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89284-89306. [PMID: 29179520 PMCID: PMC5687690 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heregulins (HRGs) bind to the receptors HER3 or HER4, induce receptor dimerization, and trigger downstream signaling that leads to tumor progression and resistance to targeted therapies. Increased expression of HRGs has been associated with worse clinical prognosis; therefore, attempts to block HRG-dependent tumor growth have been pursued. This manuscript summarizes the function and signaling of HRGs and review the preclinical evidence of its involvement in carcinogenesis, prognosis, and treatment resistance in several malignancies such as colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. Agents in preclinical development and clinical trials of novel therapeutics targeting HRG-dependent signaling are also discussed, including anti-HER3 and -HER4 antibodies, anti-metalloproteinase agents, and HRG fusion proteins. Although several trials have indicated an acceptable safety profile, translating preclinical findings into clinical practice remains a challenge in this field, possibly due to the complexity of downstream signaling and patterns of HRG, HER3 and HER4 expression in different cancer subtypes. Improving patient selection through biomarkers and understanding the resistance mechanisms may translate into significant clinical benefits in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Mauricio Mota
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Division of Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katharine Ann Collier
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ricardo Lima Barros Costa
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Timothy Taxter
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aparna Kalyan
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Caio A. Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Francis J. Giles
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Benedito A. Carneiro
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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42
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Bensch F, Lamberts LE, Smeenk MM, Jorritsma-Smit A, Lub-de Hooge MN, Terwisscha van Scheltinga AGT, de Jong JR, Gietema JA, Schröder CP, Thomas M, Jacob W, Abiraj K, Adessi C, Meneses-Lorente G, James I, Weisser M, Brouwers AH, de Vries EGE. 89Zr-Lumretuzumab PET Imaging before and during HER3 Antibody Lumretuzumab Treatment in Patients with Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6128-6137. [PMID: 28733442 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: We evaluated biodistribution and tumor targeting of 89Zr-lumretuzumab before and during treatment with lumretuzumab, a human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3)-targeting monoclonal antibody.Experimental Design: Twenty patients with histologically confirmed HER3-expressing tumors received 89Zr-lumretuzumab and underwent positron emission tomography (PET). In part A, 89Zr-lumretuzumab was given with additional, escalating doses of unlabeled lumretuzumab, and scans were performed 2, 4, and 7 days after injection to determine optimal imaging conditions. In part B, patients were scanned following tracer injection before (baseline) and after a pharmacodynamic (PD)-active lumretuzumab dose for saturation analysis. HER3 expression was determined immunohistochemically in skin biopsies. Tracer uptake was calculated as standardized uptake value (SUV).Results: Optimal PET conditions were found to be 4 and 7 days after administration of 89Zr-lumretuzumab with 100-mg unlabeled lumretuzumab. At baseline using 100-mg unlabeled lumretuzumab, the tumor SUVmax was 3.4 (±1.9) at 4 days after injection. SUVmean values for normal blood, liver, lung, and brain tissues were 4.9, 6.4, 0.9 and 0.2, respectively. Saturation analysis (n = 7) showed that 4 days after lumretuzumab administration, tumor uptake decreased by 11.9% (±8.2), 10.0% (±16.5), and 24.6% (±20.9) at PD-active doses of 400, 800, and 1,600 mg, respectively, when compared with baseline. Membranous HER3 was completely downregulated in paired skin biopsies already at and above 400-mg lumretuzumab.Conclusions: PET imaging showed biodistribution and tumor-specific 89Zr-lumretuzumab uptake. Although, PD-active lumretuzumab doses decreased 89Zr-lumretuzumab uptake, there was no clear evidence of tumor saturation by PET imaging as the tumor SUV did not plateau with increasing doses. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6128-37. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike Bensch
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laetitia E Lamberts
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michaël M Smeenk
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annelies Jorritsma-Smit
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn N Lub-de Hooge
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Johan R de Jong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jourik A Gietema
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carolien P Schröder
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marlene Thomas
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Jacob
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Keelara Abiraj
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celine Adessi
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ian James
- A4P Consulting Ltd, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Weisser
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Adrienne H Brouwers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Meulendijks D, Jacob W, Voest EE, Mau-Sorensen M, Martinez-Garcia M, Taus A, Fleitas T, Cervantes A, Lolkema MP, Langenberg MHG, De Jonge MJ, Sleijfer S, Han JY, Calles A, Felip E, Kim SW, Schellens JHM, Wilson S, Thomas M, Ceppi M, Meneses-Lorente G, James I, Vega-Harring S, Dua R, Nguyen M, Steiner L, Adessi C, Michielin F, Bossenmaier B, Weisser M, Lassen UN. Phase Ib Study of Lumretuzumab Plus Cetuximab or Erlotinib in Solid Tumor Patients and Evaluation of HER3 and Heregulin as Potential Biomarkers of Clinical Activity. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5406-5415. [PMID: 28600476 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigated the safety, clinical activity, and target-associated biomarkers of lumretuzumab, a humanized, glycoengineered, anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody (mAb), in combination with the EGFR-blocking agents erlotinib or cetuximab in patients with advanced HER3-positive carcinomas.Experimental Design: The study included two parts: dose escalation and dose extension phases with lumretuzumab in combination with either cetuximab or erlotinib, respectively. In both parts, patients received lumretuzumab doses from 400 to 2,000 mg plus cetuximab or erlotinib according to standard posology, respectively. The effect of HRG mRNA and HER3 mRNA and protein expression were investigated in a dedicated extension cohort of squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) patients treated with lumretuzumab and erlotinib.Results: Altogether, 120 patients were treated. One dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in the cetuximab part and two DLTs in the erlotinib part were reported. The most frequent adverse events were gastrointestinal and skin toxicities, which were manageable. The objective response rate (ORR) was 6.1% in the cetuximab part and 4.2% in the erlotinib part. In the sqNSCLC extension cohort of the erlotinib part, higher tumor HRG and HER3 mRNA levels were associated with a numerically higher disease control rate but not ORR.Conclusions: The toxicity profile of lumretuzumab in combination with cetuximab and erlotinib was manageable, but only modest clinical activity was observed across tumor types. In the sqNSCLC cohort, there was no evidence of meaningful clinical benefit despite enriching for tumors with higher HRG mRNA expression levels. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5406-15. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Meulendijks
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Jacob
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany.
| | - Emile E Voest
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Alvaro Taus
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tania Fleitas
- Department of Medical Oncology, CIBERONC, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andres Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, CIBERONC, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Martijn P Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marlies H G Langenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maja J De Jonge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Sleijfer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ji-Youn Han
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Antonio Calles
- START-Madrid, Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jan H M Schellens
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Wilson
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Marlene Thomas
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Maurizio Ceppi
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | | | - Ian James
- A4P Consulting Ltd, Discovery Park, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Suzana Vega-Harring
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Rajiv Dua
- Roche Molecular Systems Inc., Pleasanton, California
| | | | - Lori Steiner
- Roche Molecular Systems Inc., Pleasanton, California
| | - Celine Adessi
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Michielin
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Bossenmaier
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Martin Weisser
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Ulrik N Lassen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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44
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Li Q, Zhang R, Yan H, Zhao P, Wu L, Wang H, Li T, Cao B. Prognostic significance of HER3 in patients with malignant solid tumors. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67140-67151. [PMID: 28978022 PMCID: PMC5620162 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is closely involved in tumor progression and is an important target of therapy. To evaluate the prognostic significance of HER3 in malignant solid tumors, we searched the PUBMED, EMBASE and CNKI databases for relevant studies written in English or Chinese up to December 2015. Fifteen studies comprising 2964 patients were identified. The HER3+ rate ranged from 9.0-75.1 % in malignant solid tumors: 30.3-75.1 % in breast cancers, 51.1-74.5 % in colorectal cancers, 13.7-59.0 % in gastric cancers, and 54.5-74.4 % in cervical cancers. For patients with a malignant solid tumor, the death risk was higher for those with a HER3+ tumor than for those with a HER3− tumor (HR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.27 - 2.02, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed this was also the case for patients with digestive or gastric cancer (HR 1.78, P < 0.001; HR 2.18, P < 0.001). By contrast, HER3 had no prognostic significance in colorectal or breast cancer (HR 1.52, P = 0.296; HR 1.23, P = 0.108). HER3+ is thus associated with poor survival in overall and in gastric cancer. The prognostic significance of HER3+ in other tumors is uncertain and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - RuiXue Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100016, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - PengFei Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Beijing Digestive Diseases Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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45
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Le Clorennec C, Bazin H, Dubreuil O, Larbouret C, Ogier C, Lazrek Y, Garambois V, Poul MA, Mondon P, Barret JM, Mathis G, Prost JF, Pèlegrin A, Chardès T. Neuregulin 1 Allosterically Enhances the Antitumor Effects of the Noncompeting Anti-HER3 Antibody 9F7-F11 by Increasing Its Binding to HER3. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1312-1323. [PMID: 28507002 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Exploratory clinical trials using therapeutic anti-HER3 antibodies strongly suggest that neuregulin (NRG1; HER3 ligand) expression at tumor sites is a predictive biomarker of anti-HER3 antibody efficacy in cancer. We hypothesized that in NRG1-expressing tumors, where the ligand is present before antibody treatment, anti-HER3 antibodies that do not compete with NRG1 for receptor binding have a higher receptor-neutralizing action than antibodies competing with the ligand for binding to HER3. Using time-resolved-fluorescence energy transfer (TR-FRET), we demonstrated that in the presence of recombinant NRG1, binding of 9F7-F11 (a nonligand-competing anti-HER3 antibody) to HER3 is increased, whereas that of ligand-competing anti-HER3 antibodies (H4B-121, U3-1287, Ab#6, Mab205.10.2, and MOR09825) is decreased. Moreover, 9F7-F11 showed higher efficacy than antibodies that compete with the ligand for binding to HER3. Specifically, 9F7-F11 inhibition of cell proliferation and of HER3/AKT/ERK1/2 phosphorylation as well as 9F7-F11-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity were higher in cancer cells preincubated with recombinant NRG1 compared with cells directly exposed to the anti-HER3 antibody. This translated in vivo into enhanced growth inhibition of NRG1-expressing BxPC3 pancreatic, A549 lung, and HCC-1806 breast cell tumor xenografts in mice treated with 9F7-F11 compared with H4B-121. Conversely, both antibodies had similar antitumor effect in NRG1-negative HPAC pancreatic carcinoma cells. In conclusion, the allosteric modulator 9F7-F11 shows increased anticancer effectiveness in the presence of NRG1 and thus represents a novel treatment strategy for NRG1-addicted tumors. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1312-23. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Clorennec
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Christel Larbouret
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
| | - Charline Ogier
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
| | - Yassamine Lazrek
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Garambois
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Alix Poul
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | | | - André Pèlegrin
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Chardès
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,ICM, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, France
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46
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Collins D, Jacob W, Cejalvo JM, Ceppi M, James I, Hasmann M, Crown J, Cervantes A, Weisser M, Bossenmaier B. Direct estrogen receptor (ER) / HER family crosstalk mediating sensitivity to lumretuzumab and pertuzumab in ER+ breast cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177331. [PMID: 28493933 PMCID: PMC5426757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional cross talk between members of the human epidermal growth factor family of receptors (HER) and the estrogen receptor (ER) is believed to underlie resistance mechanisms that develop in response to treatment with anti-HER agents and endocrine therapy. We investigated the interaction between HER2, HER3 and the ER in vitro using human embryonic kidney cells transfected with human HER2, HER3, and ERα. We also investigated the additive efficacy of combination regimens consisting of anti-HER3 (lumretuzumab), anti-HER2 (pertuzumab), and endocrine (fulvestrant) therapy in vivo. Our data show that both HER2 and HER3 can directly complex with the ER and can mediate phosphorylation of the ER. Phosphorylation of the ER was only observed in cells that expressed both HER2 and ERα or in heregulin-stimulated cells that expressed both HER3 and ERα. Using a mouse xenograft model of ER+/HER2-low (HER2 immunohistochemistry 1+ or 2+ without gene amplification) human breast cancer we show that the combination of lumretuzumab and pertuzumab is highly efficacious and induces long-lasting tumor regression in vivo and adding endocrine therapy (fulvestrant) to this combination further improved efficacy. In addition, a prolonged clinical response was observed with the combination of lumretuzumab and pertuzumab in a patient with ER+/HER2-low breast cancer who had failed endocrine therapy. These preclinical data confirm that direct cross talk exists between HER2/HER3 and ER which may explain the resistance mechanisms to endocrine therapy and monoclonal antibodies that target HER2 and HER3. Our data also indicate that the triplet of anti-HER2, anti-HER3, and endocrine therapy might be an efficacious combination for treating patients with ER+/HER2-low breast cancer, which is an area of significant unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Collins
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail: (DC); (MW)
| | | | - Juan Miguel Cejalvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ian James
- A4P Consulting Ltd, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Max Hasmann
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - John Crown
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrés Cervantes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Martin Weisser
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (DC); (MW)
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47
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Accelerating drug development by efficiently using emerging PK/PD data from an adaptable entry-into-human trial: example of lumretuzumab. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:1239-1247. [PMID: 28497320 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at evaluating if pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data from the first few patients treated with an investigational monoclonal antibody in a dose-escalation study can be used to guide the early initiation of potentially more efficacious combination regimens. METHODS Emerging pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data from the first nine patients treated with lumretuzumab (a glycoengineered anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody) monotherapy at doses from 100 to 400 mg q2w were used along with a pharmacokinetic model that incorporated target-mediated drug disposition to guide the selection of the starting dose for use in combination regimens. RESULTS The dose-escalation study investigated lumretuzumab doses up to 2000 mg q2w and a maximum tolerated dose was not reached. However, the model described in this report predicted linear lumretuzumab pharmacokinetics and >95% target saturation at doses ≥400 mg q2w. These data, along with safety data, contributed to the decision to begin dose-escalation studies in combination with cetuximab and erlotinib using a starting dose of 400 mg lumretuzumab. Pharmacokinetic data from patients treated with lumretuzumab 400-2000 mg q2w in combination regimens were consistent with the model predictions. CONCLUSION PK/PD modelling of emerging clinical data might accelerate development programs by enabling additional parts of a trial to commence before completion of the monotherapy part. The dose and schedule of lumretuzumab were optimised for concomitant therapy at doses substantially below the highest dose investigated.
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48
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Karachaliou N, Lazzari C, Verlicchi A, Sosa AE, Rosell R. HER3 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. BioDrugs 2017; 31:63-73. [PMID: 28000159 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-016-0205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Targeting members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor family, especially EGFR and HER2, has been an established strategy for the treatment of tumors with abnormally activated receptors due to overexpression, mutation, ligand-dependent receptor dimerization and ligand-independent activation. Less attention has been paid to the oncogenic activity of HER3, although there is growing evidence that it mediates resistance to EGFR and HER2 pathway directed therapies. The main caveat for the development of effective HER3 targeted therapies is the absence of a strong enzymatic activity to target, as well as the limited potential for single-agent activity. In this review, we highlight the role of HER3 in cancer and, more specifically, in lung cancer. The basis for HER3 involvement in HER2 resistance and EGFR inhibition is discussed, as well as current pharmacologic strategies to combat HER3 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Karachaliou
- Medical Oncology Department, Institute of Oncology Rosell (IOR), University Hospital Sagrat Cor, C/Viladomat 288, 08029, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Chiara Lazzari
- Departmemt of Oncology, Division of Experimental Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Aaron E Sosa
- Medical Oncology Department, Institute of Oncology Rosell (IOR), University Hospital Sagrat Cor, C/Viladomat 288, 08029, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
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49
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Castoldi R, Schanzer J, Panke C, Jucknischke U, Neubert NJ, Croasdale R, Scheuer W, Auer J, Klein C, Niederfellner G, Kobold S, Sustmann C. TetraMabs: simultaneous targeting of four oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases for tumor growth inhibition in heterogeneous tumor cell populations. Protein Eng Des Sel 2016; 29:467-475. [PMID: 27578890 PMCID: PMC5036864 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzw037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody-based targeted tumor therapy has greatly improved treatment options for patients. Antibodies against oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), especially the ErbB receptor family, are prominent examples. However, long-term efficacy of such antibodies is limited by resistance mechanisms. Tumor evasion by a priori or acquired activation of other kinases is often causative for this phenomenon. These findings led to an increasing number of combination approaches either within a protein family, e.g. the ErbB family or by targeting RTKs of different phylogenetic origin like HER1 and cMet or HER1 and IGF1R. Progress in antibody engineering technology enabled generation of clinical grade bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) to design drugs inherently addressing such resistance mechanisms. Limited data are available on multi-specific antibodies targeting three or more RTKs. In the present study, we have evaluated the cloning, eukaryotic expression and purification of tetraspecific, tetravalent Fc-containing antibodies targeting HER3, cMet, HER1 and IGF1R. The antibodies are based on the combination of single-chain Fab and Fv fragments in an IgG1 antibody format enhanced by the knob-into-hole technology. They are non-agonistic and inhibit tumor cell growth comparable to the combination of four parental antibodies. Importantly, TetraMabs show improved apoptosis induction and tumor growth inhibition over individual monospecific or BsAbs in cellular assays. In addition, a mimicry assay to reflect heterogeneous expression of antigens in a tumor mass was established. With this novel in vitro assay, we can demonstrate the superiority of a tetraspecific antibody to bispecific tumor antigen-binding antibodies in early pre-clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Castoldi
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schanzer
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Panke
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Ute Jucknischke
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Natalie J Neubert
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Rebecca Croasdale
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Werner Scheuer
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Auer
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Christian Klein
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Zuerich, Switzerland, Wagistrasse 18, 8952 Schlieren
| | - Gerhard Niederfellner
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Lindwurmstraße 2a, 80337 Munich, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Claudio Sustmann
- pRED, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
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Malm M, Frejd FY, Ståhl S, Löfblom J. Targeting HER3 using mono- and bispecific antibodies or alternative scaffolds. MAbs 2016; 8:1195-1209. [PMID: 27532938 PMCID: PMC5058629 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1212147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) has in recent years been recognized as a key node in the complex signaling network of many different cancers. It is implicated in de novo and acquired resistance against therapies targeting other growth factor receptors, e.g., EGFR, HER2, and it is a major activator of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Consequently, HER3 has attracted substantial attention, and is today a key target for drugs in clinical development. Sophisticated protein engineering approaches have enabled the generation of a range of different affinity proteins targeting this receptor, including antibodies and alternative scaffolds that are either mono- or bispecific. Here, we describe HER3 and its role as a key tumor target, and give a comprehensive review of HER3-targeted proteins currently in development, including discussions on the opportunities and challenges of targeting this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Malm
- a Division of Protein Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE , Stockholm
| | - Fredrik Y Frejd
- b Affibody AB, SE, Stockholm , Sweden.,c Department of Immunology , Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Stefan Ståhl
- a Division of Protein Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE , Stockholm
| | - John Löfblom
- a Division of Protein Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE , Stockholm
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