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Lachance G, Robitaille K, Laaraj J, Gevariya N, Varin TV, Feldiorean A, Gaignier F, Julien IB, Xu HW, Hallal T, Pelletier JF, Bouslama S, Boufaied N, Derome N, Bergeron A, Ellis L, Piccirillo CA, Raymond F, Fradet Y, Labbé DP, Marette A, Fradet V. The gut microbiome-prostate cancer crosstalk is modulated by dietary polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3431. [PMID: 38654015 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota modulates response to hormonal treatments in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, but whether it influences PCa progression remains unknown. Here, we show a reduction in fecal microbiota alpha-diversity correlating with increase tumour burden in two distinct groups of hormonotherapy naïve PCa patients and three murine PCa models. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from patients with high PCa volume is sufficient to stimulate the growth of mouse PCa revealing the existence of a gut microbiome-cancer crosstalk. Analysis of gut microbial-related pathways in mice with aggressive PCa identifies three enzymes responsible for the metabolism of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). Supplementation with LCFA omega-3 MAG-EPA is sufficient to reduce PCa growth in mice and cancer up-grading in pre-prostatectomy PCa patients correlating with a reduction of gut Ruminococcaceae in both and fecal butyrate levels in PCa patients. This suggests that the beneficial effect of omega-3 rich diet is mediated in part by modulating the crosstalk between gut microbes and their metabolites in men with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Lachance
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jalal Laaraj
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nikunj Gevariya
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Andrei Feldiorean
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fanny Gaignier
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Bourdeau Julien
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Hui Wen Xu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Tarek Hallal
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Pelletier
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sidki Bouslama
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Derome
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ciriaco A Piccirillo
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Raymond
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Vincent Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Robitaille K, Guertin MH, Jamshidi A, Xu HW, Hovington H, Pelletier JF, Beaudoin L, Gevariya N, Lacombe L, Tiguert R, Caumartin Y, Dujardin T, Toren P, Lodde M, Racine É, Trudel D, Perigny M, Duchesne T, Savard J, Julien P, Fradet Y, Fradet V. A phase IIb randomized placebo-controlled trial testing the effect of MAG-EPA long-chain omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplement on prostate cancer proliferation. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:56. [PMID: 38519581 PMCID: PMC10960033 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High prostate eicosapentaenoic fatty acid (EPA) levels were associated with a significant reduction of upgrading to grade group (GG) ≥ 2 prostate cancer in men under active surveillance. We aimed to evaluate the effect of MAG-EPA long-chain omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplement on prostate cancer proliferation. METHODS A phase II double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 130 men diagnosed with GG ≥ 2 prostate cancer and undergoing radical prostatectomy between 2015-2017 (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02333435). Participants were randomized to receive 3 g daily of either MAG-EPA (n = 65) or placebo (n = 65) for 7 weeks (range 4-10) prior to radical prostatectomy. The primary outcome was the cancer proliferation index quantified by automated image analysis of tumor nuclear Ki-67 expression using standardized prostatectomy tissue microarrays. Additional planned outcomes at surgery are reported including plasma levels of 27 inflammatory cytokines and fatty acid profiles in circulating red blood cells membranes and prostate tissue. RESULTS Cancer proliferation index measured by Ki-67 expression was not statistically different between the intervention (3.10%) and placebo (2.85%) groups (p = 0.64). In the per protocol analyses, the adjusted estimated effect of MAG-EPA was greater but remained non-significant. Secondary outcome was the changes in plasma levels of 27 cytokines, of which only IL-7 was higher in MAG-EPA group compared to placebo (p = 0.026). Men randomized to MAG-EPA prior to surgery had four-fold higher EPA levels in prostate tissue compared to those on placebo. CONCLUSIONS This MAG-EPA intervention did not affect the primary outcome of prostate cancer proliferation according to nuclear Ki-67 expression. More studies are needed to decipher the effects of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplementation in men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Robitaille
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Guertin
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Afshin Jamshidi
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Hui Wen Xu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Hélène Hovington
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | | | - Lisanne Beaudoin
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Nikunj Gevariya
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Louis Lacombe
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rabi Tiguert
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Yves Caumartin
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Thierry Dujardin
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Paul Toren
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Michele Lodde
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Étienne Racine
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Dominique Trudel
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du cancer de Montréal, and Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Martine Perigny
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Thierry Duchesne
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Josée Savard
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- School of psychology, Université Laval, Montréal, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada.
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada.
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada.
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Savard J, Moussa H, Pelletier J, Julien P, Lacombe L, Tiguert R, Caumartin Y, Dujardin T, Toren P, Pouliot F, Lodde M, Fradet Y, Robitaille K, Fradet V. Effects of omega-3 supplementation on psychological symptoms in men with prostate cancer: Secondary analysis of a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20163-20176. [PMID: 37787025 PMCID: PMC10587967 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, a higher omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake is associated with lower levels of several psychological symptoms, especially depression. However, the existing evidence in cancer is equivocal. METHODS This phase IIB double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was aimed at comparing the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid monoacylglyceride (MAG-EPA) supplementation and high oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSO; placebo) on depression levels (primary outcome) and other symptoms (anxiety, fear of cancer recurrence, fatigue, insomnia, perceived cognitive impairments; secondary outcomes). Participants, recruited in a prostate cancer clinic, were randomized to MAG-EPA (3.75 g daily; n = 65) or HOSO (3.75 g daily; n = 65) for 1 year post-radical prostatectomy (RP), starting 4-10 weeks before surgery. Patients completed self-report scales at baseline (before RP) and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog). RESULTS Analyses showed significant reductions in HADS-depression, HADS-anxiety, FCRI, ISI, FSI-number of days, and FACT-Cog-impact scores over time. A significant group-by-time interaction was obtained on FACT-Cog-Impact scores only; yet, the temporal change was significant in HOSO patients only. CONCLUSIONS Several symptoms significantly decreased over time, mainly within the first months of the study. However, MAG-EPA did not produce greater reductions than HOSO. Omega-3 supplementation does not seem to improve psychological symptoms of men treated with RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josée Savard
- School of PsychologyUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
| | - Hanane Moussa
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
| | - Jean‐François Pelletier
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
| | | | - Louis Lacombe
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
| | - Rabi Tiguert
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
| | - Yves Caumartin
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
| | | | - Paul Toren
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
| | - Michele Lodde
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
| | - Yves Fradet
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- CHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Université Laval Cancer Research CenterQuébecCanada
- Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF) and NutritionHealth and Society (NUTRISS) center of Université LavalQuébecCanada
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Poirier D, Roy J, Maltais R, Weidmann C, Audet-Walsh É. An Aminosteroid Derivative Shows Higher In Vitro and In Vivo Potencies than Gold Standard Drugs in Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113033. [PMID: 37296995 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aminosteroid derivative RM-581 blocks with high potency the growth of androgen-dependent (AR+) prostate cancer VCaP, 22Rv1, and LAPC-4 cells. Notably, RM-581 demonstrated superior antiproliferative activity in LAPC-4 cells compared to enzalutamide and abiraterone, two drugs that exhibited a synergistic effect in combination with RM-581. These findings suggest that RM-581 may have an action that is not directly associated with the hormonal pathway of androgens. Furthermore, RM-581 completely blocks tumor growth in LAPC-4 xenografts when given orally at 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg in non-castrated (intact) nude mice. During this study, an accumulation of RM-581 was observed in tumors compared to plasma (3.3-10 folds). Additionally, the level of fatty acids (FA) increased in the tumors and livers of mice treated with RM-581 but not in plasma. The increase was greater in unsaturated FA (21-28%) than in saturated FA (7-11%). The most affected FA were saturated palmitic acid (+16%), monounsaturated oleic acid (+34%), and di-unsaturated linoleic acid (+56%), i.e., the 3 most abundant FA, with a total of 55% of the 56 FA measured. For cholesterol levels, there was no significant difference in the tumor, liver, or plasma of mice treated or not with RM-581. Another important result was the innocuity of RM-581 in mice during a 28-day xenograft experiment and a 7-week dose-escalation study, suggesting a favorable safety window for this new promising drug candidate when given orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Poirier
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jenny Roy
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - René Maltais
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Cindy Weidmann
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Étienne Audet-Walsh
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec Research Center-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on orthotopic prostate cancer progression, tumor associated macrophages, angiogenesis and T-cell activation-dependence on GPR120. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2022; 25:539-546. [PMID: 35075215 PMCID: PMC9308823 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00440-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antiprostate cancer effects of dietary ω-3 fatty acids (FAs) were previously found to be dependent on host G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120). Using an orthotopic tumor model and an ex-vivo model of bone marrow derived M2-like macrophages, we sought to determine if ω-3 FAs inhibit angiogenesis and activate T-cells, and if these effects are dependent on GPR120. METHODS Gausia luciferase labeled MycCaP prostate cancer cells (MycCaP-Gluc) were injected into the anterior prostate lobe of FVB mice. After established tumors were confirmed by blood luminescence, mice were fed an ω-3 or ω-6 diet. Five weeks after tumor injection, tumor weight, immune cell infiltration and markers of angiogenesis were determined. An ex-vivo co-culture model of bone marrow derived M2-like macrophages from wild-type or GPR120 knockout mice with MycCap prostate cancer cells was used to determine if docosahexanoic acid (DHA, ω-3 FA) inhibition of angiogenesis and T-cell activation is dependent on macrophage GPR120. RESULTS Feeding an ω-3 diet significantly reduced orthotopic MycCaP-Gluc tumor growth relative to an ω-6 diet. Tumors from the ω-3 group had decreased M2-like macrophage infiltration and decreased expression of angiogenesis factors. DHA significantly inhibited M2 macrophage-induced endothelial tube formation and reversed M2 macrophage-induced T-cell suppression, and these DHA effects were mediated, in part, by M2 macrophage GPR120. CONCLUSION Omega-3 FAs delayed orthotopic tumor growth, inhibited M2-like macrophage tumor infiltration, and inhibited M2-like macrophage-induced angiogenesis and T-cell suppression. Given the central role of M2-like macrophages in prostate cancer progression, GPR120-dependent ω-3 FA inhibition of M2-like macrophages may play an important role in prostate cancer therapeutics.
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Fradet S, Pelletier JF, Singbo N, Lacombe L, Toren P, Lodde M, Dujardin T, Tiguert R, Fradet Y, Robitaille K, Fradet V. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on perioperative blood loss and complications after radical prostatectomy. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 47:221-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Maltais R, Roy J, Perreault M, Sato S, Lévesque JC, Poirier D. Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis by Aminosteroid RM-581 Efficiently Blocks the Growth of PC-3 Cancer Cells and Tumors Resistant or Not to Docetaxel. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011181. [PMID: 34681843 PMCID: PMC8537847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminosteroid derivative RM-581 was previously identified as an endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress inducer with potent in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities. We report its evaluation in androgen-independent prostate cancer (PC-3) cells. RM-581 efficiently blocks PC-3 cell proliferation with stronger activity than that of a selection of known antineoplastic agents. This later also showed a synergistic effect with docetaxel, able to block the proliferation of docetaxel-resistant PC-3 cells and, contrary to docetaxel, did not induce cell resistance. RM-581 induced an increase in the expression level of ER stress-related markers of apoptosis, potentially triggered by the presence of RM-581 in the ER of PC-3 cells. These in vitro results were then successfully translated in vivo in a PC-3 xenograft tumor model in nude mice, showing superior blockade than that of docetaxel. RM-581 was also able to stop the progression of PC-3 cells when they had become resistant to docetaxel treatment. Concomitantly, we observed a decrease in gene markers of mevalonate and fatty acid pathways, and intratumoral levels of cholesterol by 19% and fatty acids by 22%. Overall, this work demonstrates the potential of an ER stress inducer as an anticancer agent for the treatment of prostate cancers that are refractory to commonly used chemotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Maltais
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec—Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (R.M.); (J.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Jenny Roy
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec—Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (R.M.); (J.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Martin Perreault
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec—Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (R.M.); (J.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Sachiko Sato
- Bioimaging Platform, CHU de Québec—Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.S.); (J.-C.L.)
| | - Julie-Christine Lévesque
- Bioimaging Platform, CHU de Québec—Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.S.); (J.-C.L.)
| | - Donald Poirier
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec—Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (R.M.); (J.R.); (M.P.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-654-2296; Fax: +1-418-654-2298
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Lopez-Charcas O, Pukkanasut P, Velu SE, Brackenbury WJ, Hales TG, Besson P, Gomora JC, Roger S. Pharmacological and nutritional targeting of voltage-gated sodium channels in the treatment of cancers. iScience 2021; 24:102270. [PMID: 33817575 PMCID: PMC8010468 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels, initially characterized in excitable cells, have been shown to be aberrantly expressed in non-excitable cancer tissues and cells from epithelial origins such as in breast, lung, prostate, colon, and cervix, whereas they are not expressed in cognate non-cancer tissues. Their activity was demonstrated to promote aggressive and invasive potencies of cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo, whereas their deregulated expression in cancer tissues has been associated with metastatic progression and cancer-related death. This review proposes NaV channels as pharmacological targets for anticancer treatments providing opportunities for repurposing existing NaV-inhibitors or developing new pharmacological and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osbaldo Lopez-Charcas
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Piyasuda Pukkanasut
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, CHEM 280. 901, 14th Street S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, CHEM 280. 901, 14th Street S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - William J. Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Tim G. Hales
- Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Dundee, DD1 9SY, Dundee, UK
| | - Pierre Besson
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Juan Carlos Gomora
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510 México
| | - Sébastien Roger
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
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9
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Bilodeau JF, Gevariya N, Larose J, Robitaille K, Roy J, Oger C, Galano JM, Bergeron A, Durand T, Fradet Y, Julien P, Fradet V. Long chain omega-3 fatty acids and their oxidized metabolites are associated with reduced prostate tumor growth. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 164:102215. [PMID: 33276284 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer has been associated with increased oxidative stress and deregulation of bioactive oxylipins derived from long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) like arachidonic acid (AA). There is a debate whether ω-3 LC-PUFA could promote or prevent prostate tumor growth through immune modulation and reduction of oxidative stress. Our aim was to study the association between enzymatically or non-enzymatically produced oxidized-LC-PUFA metabolites and tumor growth in an immune-competent eugonadal and castrated C57BL/6 male mice injected with TRAMP-C2 prostate tumor cells, fed with ω-3 or ω-6 LC-PUFA-rich diets. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor fatty acids were profiled by gas chromatography and 26 metabolites derived from either AA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The enriched ω-3 diet did not reduce oxidative stress overall in tumors but favored the formation of ω-3 rather than ω-6 derived isoprostanoids. We discovered that EPA and its oxidized-derivatives like F3-isoprostanes and prostaglandin (PG)F3α, were inversely correlated with tumor volume (spearman correlations and T-test, p<0.05). In contrast, F2-isoprostanes, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid (DPAω-6) and PGE2 were positively correlated with tumor volume. Interestingly, F4-neuroprostanes, PGD2, PGF2α, and thromboxane were specifically increased in TRAMP-C2 tumors of castrated mice compared to those of eugonadal mice. DISCUSSION Decreasing tumor growth under ω-3 diet could be attributed in part to increased levels of EPA and its oxidized-derivatives, a reduced level of pro-angiogenic PGE2 and increased levels of F4-neuroprostanes and resolvins content in tumors, suspected of having anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bilodeau
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nikunj Gevariya
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, site L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Larose
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, site L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jérôme Roy
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), CNRS UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), CNRS UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, site L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), CNRS UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, site L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, site L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS) et Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Canada.
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10
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Gevariya N, Lachance G, Robitaille K, Joly Beauparlant C, Beaudoin L, Fournier É, Fradet Y, Droit A, Julien P, Marette A, Bergeron A, Fradet V. Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces Prostate Tumor Vascularity. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:516-527. [PMID: 33262291 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The impact of omega (ω)-3 fatty acids on prostate cancer is controversial in epidemiological studies but experimental studies suggest a protective effect. However, little is known about the mechanism of action. Here, we studied the effects of purified fatty acid molecules on prostate tumor progression using the TRAMP-C2 syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model. Compared with ω-6 or ω-9-supplemented animals, we observed that late-stage prostate tumor growth was reduced with a monoacylglyceride (MAG)-conjugated form of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation, whereas docosahexanenoic acid (DHA) caused an early reduction. MAG-EPA significantly decreased tumor blood vessel diameter (P < 0.001). RNA sequencing analysis revealed that MAG-EPA downregulated angiogenesis- and vascular-related pathways in tumors. We also observed this tissue vascular phenotype in a clinical trial testing MAG-EPA versus a high oleic sunflower oil placebo. Using anti-CD31 IHC, we observed that MAG-EPA reduced blood vessel diameter in prostate tumor tissue (P = 0.03) but not in normal adjacent tissue. Finally, testing autocrine and paracrine effects in an avascular tumor spheroid growth assay, both exogenous MAG-EPA and endogenous ω3 reduced VEGF secretion and in vitro endothelial cell tube formation and blocked tumor spheroid growth, suggesting that ω3 molecules can directly hinder prostate cancer cell growth. Altogether, our results suggest that fatty acids regulate prostate cancer growth and that a tumor-specific microenvironment is required for the anti-vascular effect of MAG-EPA in patients with prostate cancer. IMPLICATIONS: Increasing the amount of ingested EPA omega-3 subtype for patients with prostate cancer might help to reduce prostate tumor progression by reducing tumor vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Gevariya
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Lachance
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Charles Joly Beauparlant
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Lisanne Beaudoin
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Éric Fournier
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada. .,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS) et Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
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11
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Gu Y, Chen X, Zhang H, Wang H, Chen H, Huang S, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Wu X, Chen J. Study on the cellular internalization mechanisms and in vivo anti-bone metastasis prostate cancer efficiency of the peptide T7-modified polypeptide nanoparticles. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:161-169. [PMID: 31913730 PMCID: PMC6968257 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1709923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-metastasis prostate cancer (BMPCa)-targeting gene therapy is gaining increasing concern in recent years. The peptide T7-modified polypeptide nanoparticles for delivery DNA (CRD-PEG-T7/pPMEPA1) was prepared as our previous study. However, the feasibility of CRD-PEG-T7/pPMEPA1 for BMPCa treatment, the mechanisms underlying cellular uptake, anti-BMPCa effect, and administration safety requires further research. LNCaP cells treated with endocytosis inhibitors and excessive T7 under different culture condition were carried out to investigate the mechanisms of cellular uptake of the CRD-PEG-T7-pPMEPA1. A transwell assay was applied to evaluate the cell migration ability. Besides, the tumor volume and survival rates of the PCa xenograft mice model were recorded to estimate the anti-tumor effect. In addition, the weight profiles of the PCa tumor-bearing mice, the blood chemistry, and the HE analysis of visceral organs and tumor was conducted to investigate the administration safety of CRD-PEG-T7/pPMEPA1. The results showed that PCa cellular uptake was decreased after treating with excessive free T7, endocytosis inhibitors and lower incubation temperature. Besides, CRD-PEG-T7/pPMEPA1 could inhibit the LNCaP cells chemotaxis and tumor growth. In addition, the survival duration of the PCa tumor-bearing mice treating with CRD-PEG-T7/pPMEPA1 was significantly prolonged with any systemic toxicity or damage to the organs. In conclusion, this research proposes a promising stratagem for treatment BMPCa by providing the biocompatible and effective carrier for delivery DNA therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical
University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinmei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Heyi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical
University, Huhhot, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sifan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youfa Xu
- Shanghai Wei Er Biopharmaceutical Technology
Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuansheng Zhang
- Shanghai Wei Er Biopharmaceutical Technology
Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical
University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Wei Er Biopharmaceutical Technology
Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical
University, Huhhot, China
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12
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Li P, Shan B, Jia K, Hu F, Xiao Y, Zheng J, Gao YT, Wang H, Gao Y. Plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and recurrence of endometrial cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:576. [PMID: 32563240 PMCID: PMC7305622 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were proposed to have potential effects against inflammation and cancer. However, results from epidemiology studies remain inconsistent. We aimed to explore the associations of plasma PUFAs with EC recurrence and all-cause mortality. METHOD Women diagnosed with endometrial cancer (EC) between 2008 and 2013 and underwent surgery at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center of China were recruited. Survival status was followed up through September 2017. EC recurrence and total cause deaths were identified through medical record and telephone interview. In total, 202 patients with enough plasma samples at time of surgery were included. There were 195 patients who provided baseline plasma and survival information included in the current study. Plasma omega-3 PUFAs were measured by GC-FID. Cox Proportional Hazard model adjusted for potential cofounders was used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs. RESULTS Median follow-up time for patients was 58 months after surgery. A total of 13 recurrences and 11 all-cause deaths, of which, 2 deaths from EC, were identified. Level of plasma EPA was higher in recurrent patients than total patients (0.78% vs 0.51%, P = 0.015). Higher plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level trended to have positive association with EC recurrence (P-trend = 0.04), although comparing to the lowest tertile, the highest tertile of EPA level was not significantly associated with increased risk of EC recurrence (HRT3vsT1 = 6.02; 95%CI = 0.7-52.06). The association between total omega-3 PUFA and EC recurrence tended to be stronger among patients with deeper myometrial invasion (OR = 3.41; 95%CI = 1.06-10.95; P-interaction = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Higher plasma EPA level was significantly associated with EC recurrence. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR1900025418; Retrospectively registered (26 August 2019); Chinses Clinical Trial Registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Boer Shan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyu Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jusheng Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaying Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Zhou X, Mei H, Agee J, Brown T, Mao J. Racial differences in distribution of fatty acids in prostate cancer and benign prostatic tissues. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:189. [PMID: 31677641 PMCID: PMC6825718 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It remains controversial whether and which fatty acids are different between prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic tissues (BPT) in association with occurrence, progression and racial disparity between African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) populations. Methods Total fatty acids (TFA) and free fatty acid (FFA) were determined on fresh frozen prostatic tissues including 26 PCa and 21 BPT from AA and CA patients by Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS), respectively. Results In all studied population, TFA in 8 out of 16 individual species, in total and in groups of saturated total fatty acid (STFA), mono-unsaturated total fatty acid (MUTFA), poly-unsaturated total fatty acid (PUTFA) and n-6 TFA were significantly higher in PCa than in BPT; FFA in 4 out of 10 individual species, in total and in groups of MUFFA, PUFFA, n-6 FFA and n-3 FFA were significantly higher in PCa than in BPT. The concentrations of most fatty acid parameters correlated with Gleason’s grade and clinical stage of PCa. As compared with CA men, AA men had higher concentrations of TFA, especially TFA with chains of 14–18 carbons than in BPT, and lower concentrations of TFA in PCa. Conclusions Increasing in prostatic fatty acids in the form of TFA and FFA correlated to occurrence, progression and racial disparity of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216-4505, USA.
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Joshua Agee
- Department of Biology, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS, 39157, USA
| | - Timera Brown
- Department of Biology, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS, 39157, USA
| | - Jinghe Mao
- Department of Biology, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS, 39157, USA
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14
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Omega-3 Fatty Acids Survey in Men under Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: from Intake to Prostate Tissue Level. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071616. [PMID: 31315273 PMCID: PMC6683032 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary omega-3 fatty acids (ω3), particularly long-chain ω3 (LCω3), have protective effects against prostate cancer (PCa) in experimental studies. Observational studies are conflicting, possibly because of the biomarker used. This study aimed at evaluating associations between grade reclassification and ω3 levels assessed in prostatic tissue, red blood cells (RBC), and diet. We conducted a validation cross-sectional study nested within a phase II clinical trial. We identified 157 men diagnosed with low-risk PCa who underwent a first active surveillance repeat prostate biopsy session. Fatty acid (FA) intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and their levels measured in prostate tissue and RBC. Associations were evaluated using logistic regression. At first repeat biopsy session, 39 (25%) men had high-grade PCa (grade group ≥2). We found that high LCω3-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level in prostate tissue (odds ratio (OR) 0.25; 95% (confidence interval (CI) 0.08–0.79; p-trend = 0.03) was associated with lower odds of high-grade PCa. Similar results were observed for LCω3 dietary intake (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.11-0.83; p-trend = 0.02) but no association for RBC. LCω3-EPA levels in the target prostate tissue are inversely associated with high-grade PCa in men with low-risk PCa, supporting that prostate tissue FA, but not RBC FA, is a reliable biomarker of PCa risk.
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15
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Gevariya N, Besançon M, Robitaille K, Picard V, Diabaté L, Alesawi A, Julien P, Fradet Y, Bergeron A, Fradet V. Omega-3 fatty acids decrease prostate cancer progression associated with an anti-tumor immune response in eugonadal and castrated mice. Prostate 2019; 79:9-20. [PMID: 30073695 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence suggest effects of dietary fat on prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. Targeting omega (ω)-3:ω6 fatty acids (FA) ratio could be beneficial against PCa by favorably modulating inflammation. Here, we studied the effects of ω3- and ω6-enriched diets on prostate tumor growth and inflammatory response in androgen-deprived and non-deprived conditions. METHODS Immune-competent eugonadal and castrated C57BL/6 mice were injected with TRAMP-C2 prostate tumor cells and daily fed with ω3- or ω6-enriched diet. FA and cytokine profiles were measured in blood and tumors using gas chromatography and multiplex immunoassay, respectively. Immune cell infiltration in tumors was profiled by multicolor flow cytometry. RESULTS ω3-enriched diet decreased prostate TRAMP-C2 tumor growth in immune-competent eugonadal and castrated mice. Cytokines associated with Th1 immune response (IL-12 [p70], IFN-γ, GM-CSF) and eosinophil recruitment (eotaxin-1, IL-5, and IL-13) were significantly elevated in tumors of ω3-fed mice. Using in vitro experiments, we confirmed ω3 FA-induced eotaxin-1 secretion by tumor cells and that eotaxin-1 secretion was regulated by androgens. Analysis of immune cell infiltrating tumors showed no major difference of immune cells' abundance between ω3- and ω6-enriched diets. CONCLUSIONS ω3-enriched diet reduces prostate tumor growth independently of androgen levels. ω3 FA can inhibit tumor cell growth and induce a local anti-tumor inflammatory response. These findings warrant further examination of dietary ω3's potential to slow down the progression of androgen-sensitive and castrate-resistant PCa by modulating immune cell function in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Gevariya
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marjorie Besançon
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Picard
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lamoussa Diabaté
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anwar Alesawi
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval-CHUL, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
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Huang ZG, He RQ, Mo ZN. Prognostic value and potential function of splicing events in prostate adenocarcinoma. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2473-2487. [PMID: 30221674 PMCID: PMC6203144 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is one of the most common types of malignancy in males and at present, effective prognostic indicators are limited. The development of PRAD has been associated with abnormalities in alternative splicing (AS), a requisite biological process of gene expression in eukaryotic cells; however, the prognostic value of AS products and splicing events remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the data of splicing events and the clinical information of PRAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)SpliceSeq and TCGA databases, respectively. A prognostic index (PI) was generated from disease-free survival-associated splicing events (DFS-SEs), which were identified by univariate/multivariate Cox regression analysis. A total of 6,909 DFS-SEs were identified in PRAD. The corresponding genes for the DFS-SEs were significantly enriched in mitochondria and their associated pathways according to Gene Ontology annotation and in the pathways of fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and Huntington's disease according to a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. The PI for mutually exclusive exons had the greatest ability to predict the probability of five-year disease-free survival of patients with PRAD, with an area under the time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.7606. Patients with PRAD, when divided into a 'low' and a 'high' group based on their median PI for exon skip values, exhibited a marked difference in disease-free survival (low vs. high, 3,588.45±250.51 vs. 1,531.08±136.50 days; P=7.43×10−9). A correlation network between DFS-SEs of splicing factors and non-splicing factors was constructed to determine the potential mechanisms in PRAD, which included the potential regulatory interaction between the splicing event of splicing factor RNA binding motif protein 5-alternate terminator (AT)-64957 and the splicing event of non-splicing factor heterochromatin protein 1 binding protein 3-AT-939. In conclusion, the PIs derived from DFS-SEs are valuable prognostic factors for patients with PRAD, and the function of splicing events in PRAD deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guang Huang
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zeng-Nan Mo
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Guertin MH, Robitaille K, Pelletier JF, Duchesne T, Julien P, Savard J, Bairati I, Fradet V. Effects of concentrated long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation before radical prostatectomy on prostate cancer proliferation, inflammation, and quality of life: study protocol for a phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:64. [PMID: 29321047 PMCID: PMC5763552 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in north-American men. Few dietary or lifestyle interventions have been tested to prevent prostate cancer progression. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation represents a promising intervention for prostate cancer patients. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3), more precisely eicosapentaenoic acid monoacylglyceride (MAG-EPA) supplementation, on prostate cancer proliferation, inflammation mediators and quality of life among men who will undergo radical prostatectomy. METHODS/DESIGN We propose a phase IIb, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of MAG-EPA supplementation for 130 men who will undergo radical prostatectomy as treatment for a prostate cancer of Gleason score ≥ 7 in an academic cancer center in Quebec City. Participants will be randomized to 6 capsules of 625 mg of fish oil (MAG-EPA) per capsule containing 500 mg of EPA daily or to identically looking capsules of high oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSO) as placebo. The intervention begins 4 to 10 weeks prior to radical prostatectomy (baseline) and continues for one year after surgery. The primary endpoint is the proliferative index (Ki-67) measured in prostate cancer cells at radical prostatectomy. A secondary endpoint includes prostate tissue levels of inflammatory mediators (cytokines and proteins) at time of radical prostatectomy. Changes in blood levels of inflammatory mediators, relative to baseline levels, at time of radical prostatectomy and 12 months after radical prostatectomy will also be evaluated. Secondary endpoints also include important aspects of psychosocial functioning and quality of life such as depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, fatigue, cognitive complaints and prostate cancer-specific quality of life domains. The changes in these outcomes, relative to baseline levels, will be evaluated at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after radical prostatectomy. DISCUSSION The results from this trial will provide crucial information to clarify the role of omega-3 supplementation on prostate cancer proliferation, inflammation and quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02333435. Registered on December 17, 2014. Last updated September 6, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Guertin
- Oncology Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval - L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 6 rue McMahon, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Oncology Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval - L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 6 rue McMahon, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Jean-François Pelletier
- Oncology Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval - L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 6 rue McMahon, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Thierry Duchesne
- Mathematics and Statistics Department, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la médecine, Bureau, Québec, QC 1056 Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval - CHUL, 2705, boulevard Laurier, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Josée Savard
- Oncology Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval - L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 6 rue McMahon, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Isabelle Bairati
- Oncology Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval - L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 6 rue McMahon, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Oncology Unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec – Université Laval - L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 6 rue McMahon, Québec, QC Canada
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Schenk JM, Song X, Morrissey C, Vessella RL, Lin DW, Neuhouser ML. Plasma Fatty Acids as Surrogate for Prostate Levels. Nutr Cancer 2017; 70:45-50. [PMID: 29267025 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1412479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Inconsistent results from epidemiologic studies of circulating fatty acids and prostate cancer risk may be partly due to use of blood concentrations as surrogate biomarkers of prostate tissue concentrations. To determine whether blood concentrations reflect prostate tissue fatty acid profiles, we evaluated associations between phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles measured in plasma and prostate tissue from 20 patients who underwent prostatectomy. For each patient, three prostate tissue specimens varying in size and location were collected. Correlations were calculated between a) tissue specimens by size ( ≤ 20 mg, > 20 mg); b) individual tissue samples [Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC)]; and c) plasma and mean tissue PLFA concentrations. PLFA concentrations from ≤ 20 mg and > 20 mg tissues were nearly identical. For most PLFAs, intra-individual correlations between tissue specimens were moderate to strong (linoleic acid = 0.66, eicosapentaenoic acid = 0.96), with only one ICC below 0.50 (trans-fatty acid 18:2, ICC = 0.28). Most correlations of mean tissue and plasma concentrations were moderate to strong (α-linoleic acid = 0.47, eicosapentaenoic acid = 0.93). PLFA concentrations are largely homogeneous within the prostate and can be reliably measured in small quantities of tissue. The overall strong correlations between plasma and tissue suggest that for most individual PLFAs, plasma concentrations are adequate surrogate markers of prostate tissue concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette M Schenk
- a Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Program , Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Xiaoling Song
- a Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Program , Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- b Department of Urology , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Robert L Vessella
- b Department of Urology , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Daniel W Lin
- a Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Program , Seattle , Washington , USA.,b Department of Urology , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- a Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Program , Seattle , Washington , USA
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Dumas JF, Brisson L, Chevalier S, Mahéo K, Fromont G, Moussata D, Besson P, Roger S. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, consequences on pH and tumour progression: Integrated therapeutic perspectives with dietary lipids as adjuvant to anticancer treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 43:90-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Aucoin M, Cooley K, Knee C, Fritz H, Balneaves LG, Breau R, Fergusson D, Skidmore B, Wong R, Seely D. Fish-Derived Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2017; 16:32-62. [PMID: 27365385 PMCID: PMC5736071 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416656052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of natural health products in prostate cancer (PrCa) is high despite a lack of evidence with respect to safety and efficacy. Fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory effects and preclinical data suggest a protective effect on PrCa incidence and progression; however, human studies have yielded conflicting results. METHODS A search of OVID MEDLINE, Pre-MEDLINE, Embase, and the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED) was completed for human interventional or observational data assessing the safety and efficacy of fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids in the incidence and progression of PrCa. RESULTS Of 1776 citations screened, 54 publications reporting on 44 studies were included for review and analysis: 4 reports of 3 randomized controlled trials, 1 nonrandomized clinical trial, 20 reports of 14 cohort studies, 26 reports of 23 case-control studies, and 3 case-cohort studies. The interventional studies using fish oil supplements in patients with PrCa showed no impact on prostate-specific antigen levels; however, 2 studies showed a decrease in inflammatory or other cancer markers. A small number of mild adverse events were reported and interactions with other interventions were not assessed. Cohort and case-control studies assessing the relationship between dietary fish intake and the risk of PrCa were equivocal. Cohort studies assessing the risk of PrCa mortality suggested an association between higher intake of fish and decreased risk of prostate cancer-related death. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence is insufficient to suggest a relationship between fish-derived omega-3 fatty acid and risk of PrCa. An association between higher omega-3 intake and decreased PrCa mortality may be present but more research is needed. More intervention trials or observational studies with precisely measured exposure are needed to assess the impact of fish oil supplements and dietary fish-derived omega-3 fatty acid intake on safety, PrCa incidence, treatment, and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Aucoin
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kieran Cooley
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Knee
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heidi Fritz
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Rodney Breau
- Ottawa Hospital General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean Fergusson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Becky Skidmore
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Dugald Seely
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Integrative Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Diet, Lifestyles, Family History, and Prostate Cancer Incidence in an East Algerian Patient Group. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5730569. [PMID: 27975054 PMCID: PMC5130556 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5730569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the fourth most common cancer in men and the sixth leading cause of death in Algeria. To examine the relationship between lifestyle factors, including diet, and family history and PC risk, a case-control study was performed in an eastern Algerian population, comprising 90 patients with histologically confirmed PC and 190 controls. Data collection was carried out through a structured questionnaire and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the different variables. The data showed that consumption of lamb and beef meat and high intake of animal fat and dairy products increased PC risk. Seven to thirteen vegetables servings per week and fourteen or more servings decreased PC risk by 62% and 96%, respectively. Seven to fourteen fruit servings per week decrease PC risk by 98%. Green tea consumption reduced the risk of PC but the results were statistically borderline. Increased risk was observed for individuals with family history of PC in first and in second degree. A positive strong association was also found for alcohol and smoking intake and a dose-response relationship existed for quantity and history of smoking. This study suggests that dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and family history have influence on the development of PC in Algerian population.
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Liang P, Henning SM, Schokrpur S, Wu L, Doan N, Said J, Grogan T, Elashoff D, Cohen P, Aronson WJ. Effect of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Prostate Cancer Progression. Prostate 2016; 76:1293-302. [PMID: 27338236 PMCID: PMC5081258 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that a fish oil-based diet may play a role in delaying the progression of prostate cancer through a number of different mechanisms involving inflammatory pathways. Given the importance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in carcinogenesis, we hypothesized that a fish oil-based diet will inhibit TAM infiltration and delay the growth of prostate cancer. METHODS Androgen sensitive mouse prostate cancer (MycCaP) allograft tumors were grown in fully immunocompetent FVB mice fed a high- fat fish oil (omega-3) or corn oil (omega-6) diet. Gene expression of markers for immune cell populations, cytokines, chemokines, and signaling pathways were determined by real-time PCR and western blot in tumor tissue. Cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro were measured by MTS assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS Tumor volumes were significantly smaller in mice in ω-3 versus the ω-6 group (P = 0.048). Gene expression of markers for M1 and M2 macrophages (F4/80, iNOS, ARG1), associated cytokines (IL-6, TNF alpha, IL-10), and the chemokine CCL-2 were also lower in the omega-3 group. Correlative in vitro studies were performed in M1 and M2 polarized macrophages and mirrored the in vivo findings. Dietary fish oil and in vitro omega-3 fatty acid administration reduced protein expression of transcription factors in the nuclear factor kappa B pathway leading to a significant decrease in gene expression of downstream targets (Bcl-2, BCL-XL, XIAP, survivin) in MycCap cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the potential of fish oil in modulating the clinical course of human prostate cancer through the immune system. Further preclinical and clinical studies are warranted evaluating fish oil-based therapies for inhibiting the recruitment and function of M1 and M2 tumor infiltrating macrophages. Prostate 76:1293-1302, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liang
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Susanne M Henning
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shiruyeh Schokrpur
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lily Wu
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ngan Doan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jonathan Said
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tristan Grogan
- Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - David Elashoff
- Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - William J Aronson
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- VA Medical Center Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
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Zhao H, Pflug BR, Lai X, Wang M. Pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha 1 as a target of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human prostate cancer through a global phosphoproteomic analysis. Proteomics 2016; 16:2419-31. [PMID: 27357730 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the leading cancers in men. Taking dietary supplements, such as fish oil (FO), which is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), has been employed as a strategy to lower prostate cancer risk and control disease progression. In this study, we investigated the global phosphoproteomic changes induced by FO using a combination of phosphoprotein-enrichment strategy and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. We found that FO induces many more phosphorylation changes than oleic acid when they both are compared to control group. Quantitative comparison between untreated group and FO- or oleic acid-treated groups uncovered a number of important protein phosphorylation changes induced by n-3PUFAs. This phosphoproteomic discovery study and the follow-up Western Blot validation study elucidate that phosphorylation levels of the two regulatory serine residues in pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha 1 (PDHA1), serine-232 and serine-300, are significantly decreased upon FO treatment. As expected, increased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity was also observed. This study suggests that FO-induced phosphorylation changes in PDHA1 is more likely related to the glucose metabolism pathway, and n-3 PUFAs may have a role in controlling the balance between lipid and glucose oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Beth R Pflug
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xianyin Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Chen X, Du X, Shen J, Lu L, Wang W. Original Research: Effect of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile in duck liver: Efficient conversion of short-chain to long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:80-87. [PMID: 27510581 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216664031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids, especially long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, have been associated with potential health benefits for chronic disease prevention. Our previous studies found that dietary omega-3 fatty acids could accumulate in the meat and eggs in a duck model. This study was to reveal the effects of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile and conversion of omega-3 fatty acids in duck liver. Female Shan Partridge Ducks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each consisting of 6 replicates of 30 birds. The experimental diets substituted the basal diet by 2% of flaxseed oil, rapeseed oil, beef tallow, or fish oil, respectively. In addition, a dose response study was further conducted for flaxseed and fish oil diets at 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively. At the end of the five-week treatment, fatty acids were extracted from the liver samples and analyzed by GC-FID. As expected, the total omega-3 fatty acids and the ratio of total omega-3/omega-6 significantly increased in both flaxseed and fish oil groups when compared with the control diet. No significant change of total saturated fatty acids or omega-3 fatty acids was found in both rapeseed and beef tallow groups. The dose response study further indicated that 59-81% of the short-chain omega-3 ALA in flaxseed oil-fed group was efficiently converted to long-chain DHA in the duck liver, whereas 1% of dietary flaxseed oil could produce an equivalent level of DHA as 0.5% of dietary fish oil. The more omega-3 fatty acids, the less omega-6 fatty acids in the duck liver. Taken together, this study showed the fatty acid profiling in the duck liver after various dietary fat consumption, provided insight into a dose response change of omega-3 fatty acids, indicated an efficient conversion of short- to long-chain omega-3 fatty acid, and suggested alternative long-chain omega-3 fatty acid-enriched duck products for human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Xue Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- Zhejiang Zhuowang Agriculture Sci-Tech Limited Co., Huzhou 313014, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weiqun Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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26
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Sapandowski A, Stope M, Evert K, Evert M, Zimmermann U, Peter D, Päge I, Burchardt M, Schild L. Cardiolipin composition correlates with prostate cancer cell proliferation. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 410:175-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lin PH, Aronson W, Freedland SJ. Nutrition, dietary interventions and prostate cancer: the latest evidence. BMC Med 2015; 13:3. [PMID: 25573005 PMCID: PMC4286914 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-014-0234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a leading cause of mortality in US men and the prevalence continues to rise world-wide especially in countries where men consume a 'Western-style' diet. Epidemiologic, preclinical and clinical studies suggest a potential role for dietary intake on the incidence and progression of PCa. 'This minireview provides an overview of recent published literature with regard to nutrients, dietary factors, dietary patterns and PCa incidence and progression. Low carbohydrates intake, soy protein, omega-3 (w-3) fat, green teas, tomatoes and tomato products and zyflamend showed promise in reducing PCa risk or progression. A higher saturated fat intake and a higher β-carotene status may increase risk. A 'U' shape relationship may exist between folate, vitamin C, vitamin D and calcium with PCa risk. Despite the inconsistent and inconclusive findings, the potential for a role of dietary intake for the prevention and treatment of PCa is promising. The combination of all the beneficial factors for PCa risk reduction in a healthy dietary pattern may be the best dietary advice. This pattern includes rich fruits and vegetables, reduced refined carbohydrates, total and saturated fats, and reduced cooked meats. Further carefully designed prospective trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Hwa Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3487, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - William Aronson
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Department of Urology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Urology, Durham, NC USA
- Duke Prostate Center, Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
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Dietary lipids and adipocytes: potential therapeutic targets in cancers. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 26:303-11. [PMID: 25524629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play an important role to support the rapid growth of cancer cells, which can be derived from both the endogenous synthesis and exogenous supplies. Enhanced de novo fatty acid synthesis and mobilization of stored lipids in cancer cells promote tumorigenesis. Besides, lipids and fatty acids derived from diet or transferred from neighboring adipocytes also influence the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells. Indeed, the pathogenic roles of adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment have been recognized recently. The adipocyte-derived mediators or the cross talk between adipocytes and cancer cells in the microenvironment is gaining attention. This review will focus on the impacts of lipids on cancers and the pathogenic roles of adipocytes in tumorigenesis and discuss the possible anticancer therapeutic strategies targeting lipids in the cancer cells.
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