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Hasken JM, de Vries MM, Marais AS, May PA. Contribution of ferritin and zinc to adverse infant outcomes among pregnancies with prenatal alcohol exposure in South Africa. Reprod Toxicol 2024:108606. [PMID: 38795788 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Nutritional status during pregnancy can impact fetal development, yet less is known about how alcohol may interact with nutritional status to influence infant outcomes. Pregnant women (n=196) completed 2, 24-hour dietary recalls and provided a venous blood sample to be analyzed for liver enzymes (GGT -gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALT -alanine transaminase; and AST -aspartate transferase), iron, ferritin, and zinc concentrations. Infants were assessed at 6 weeks of age. Women who consumed alcohol had significantly higher ferritin levels compared to non-drinkers (51.8 vs. 34.2). While 44% of women had ferritin <30 ug/L (an indicator of iron deficiency), and 24% of women were low in serum iron, and 72% were low in serum zinc. All six drinking measures for 1st trimester and previous week were significantly correlated with GGT and AST levels while 4 out of 6 alcohol measures were associated with levels of ALT and ferritin. At six weeks of age, nearly all physical measures differentiated infants with alcohol exposure from infants without exposure. Controlling for six covariates, maternal ferritin was significantly and inversely associated with infant head circumference (OFC) centile among infants with alcohol exposure. GGT was inversely associated with infant height and weight centile among unexposed infants. Seventy-four percent (74%) of mothers who consumed alcohol were found to be low in serum zinc, yet higher maternal zinc was associated with more dysmorphology. This may indicate that higher zinc status is not protecting the fetus from the teratogenic effects of alcohol. PAE, ferritin, and zinc status influence infant growth and neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Hasken
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Nutrition Research Institute.
| | | | | | - Philip A May
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Nutrition Research Institute; Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of New Mexico, Center on Alcohol, Substance Use, and Additions
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Jia J, Yang Y, Liu F, Chen S, Deng Y, Guo T, Peng Z, Wang X, Ma X, Wu S. Higher serum alanine aminotransferase levels and the incidence of hypertension: The Kailuan cohort study. Am J Prev Cardiol 2024; 17:100644. [PMID: 38586187 PMCID: PMC10994974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2024.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The association between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations and the incidence of hypertension remains unclear. To explore the association between serum ALT levels and the risk of incident hypertension based on the Kailuan cohort study. Methods People who had participated in health check-ups in 2006-2007 without hypertension, cardiovascular, or liver diseases were enrolled and received follow-ups every two years until December 2017. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or using anti-hypertensive medication. A multivariable-adjusted Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and its corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs). Results During 10.5 years of follow-up, 24,023 (50.7 %) participants were diagnosed with hypertension. The HR of incident hypertension was 1.02 (95 % CI=1.01-1.03) for each 10 U/L increment of ALT concentrations. Participants with elevated ALT levels (>40 U/L) had an increased incidence of hypertension by 7 % (HR =1.07; 95 % CI=1.01-1.13). Besides, the HR was 1.10 (95 % CI=1.06-1.15), 1.13 (95 % CI=1.08-1.18), and 1.22 (95 % CI=1.16-1.30) (P for trend <0.001) in (10-20], (20-30], and (30-40] groups, compared with ≤10 U/L group. In addition, participants whose ALT levels decreased to the normal range at the first follow-up had a 23 % lower incidence of hypertension than those with elevated ALT levels at baseline and the first follow-up. Conclusion People with higher serum ALT levels may have an increased risk of incident hypertension and thus may benefit from heightened surveillance for hypertension and lifestyle interventions to reduce the risk of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Jia
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Lubei District, Tangshan, China
| | - Yuzhi Deng
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Tonglei Guo
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoqi Peng
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Beijing Hypertension League Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Lubei District, Tangshan, China
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Martins BS, Fogelman N, Tate M, Hermes GH, Sinha R. Effects of prazosin treatment on liver enzymes are moderated by alcohol withdrawal symptoms in individuals with alcohol use disorder. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:507-515. [PMID: 38258493 PMCID: PMC10939766 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with significant liver pathology marked by elevated liver enzymes. Prazosin, an alpha1-noradrenergic antagonist significantly improves alcohol drinking outcomes in individuals with alcohol withdrawal symptoms (AW), but effects on liver enzymes are unknown. We assessed the effects of prazosin treatment on the liver enzymes alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in individuals with AUD. METHODS Participants (N=100) with AUD were enrolled in a 12-week randomized controlled trial and received either placebo or 16 mg/day of prazosin. Whole blood was drawn from 92 participants to measure liver enzyme levels every 4 weeks, and severity of AW was assessed weekly. Analysis predicting liver function outcomes used linear mixed effects models. RESULTS Controlling for alcohol consumption, a significant AW × treatment effect was seen for ALT (p < 0.05), AST (p < 0.05) and GGT (p < 0.01). Additionally, AST (b = 0.2, p < 0.01), ALT (b = 0.2, p < 0.05), and GGT (b = 0.3, p < 0.01) were elevated in individuals with higher AW in the placebo but not in the prazosin group (AST: p > 0.66; ALT: p > 0.65). Only in the prazosin group were lower GGT levels associated with higher withdrawal severity (b = -0.16, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We found an interaction of alcohol withdrawal symptoms and prazosin treatment on liver enzyme levels, which were not influenced by week in the trial or the amount of alcohol consumed. Together, these findings suggest that prazosin treatment reduces liver enzymes over the course of AUD treatment among individuals with significant AW, though replication to establish clinical utility is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradford S. Martins
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Nia Fogelman
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Marshall Tate
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Gretchen H. Hermes
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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Adamidis PS, Florentin M, Liberopoulos E, Koutsogianni AD, Anastasiou G, Liamis G, Milionis H, Barkas F. Association of Alkaline Phosphatase with Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Dyslipidemia: A 6-Year Retrospective Study. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:60. [PMID: 38392274 PMCID: PMC10889667 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity has been associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We aimed to investigate the association of ALP with ASCVD in patients with dyslipidemia. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study including consecutive adults with dyslipidemia followed-up for ≥3 years (from 1999 to 2022) in the outpatient Lipid Clinic of Ioannina University General Hospital, Greece. The primary endpoint was the association between baseline ALP and incident ASCVD after adjusting for traditional risk factors (i.e., sex, age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and dyslipidemia), baseline ASCVD, and lipid-lowering treatment. ALP levels were stratified by tertiles as follows: low: <67 U/L, middle: 67-79 U/L, high: ≥79 U/L. RESULTS Overall, 1178 subjects were included; 44% were males, and their median age was 57 years (range: 49-65). During a 6-year median follow-up (interquartile range: IQR: 4-9), 78 new ASCVD events (6.6%) occurred. A statistically significant association between baseline ALP levels and incident ASCVD was demonstrated (Odds Ratio, OR: 6.99; 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 2.29-21.03, p = 0.001). Subjects in the highest ALP tertile had the highest odds for ASCVD when compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.24-4.41, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates an association between ALP and the development of ASCVD in patients with dyslipidemia, which underscores the potential of ALP as a predictive tool or a therapeutic target in the realm of ASCVD prevention within this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Spyridonas Adamidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Matilda Florentin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Amalia Despoina Koutsogianni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgia Anastasiou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Liamis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Haralampos Milionis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Saleh SAK, Santos HO, Găman MA, Cerqueira HS, Zaher EA, Alromaih WR, Arafat NS, Adi AR, Adly HM, Alyoubi R, Alyahyawi N, Kord-Varkaneh H. Effects of intermittent fasting regimens on glycemic, hepatic, anthropometric, and clinical markers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:70-80. [PMID: 38220409 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intermittent fasting (IF) regimens have been hypothesized to influence several markers of cardiometabolic and liver function. The objective of our meta-analysis was to investigate the impact of IF regimens on cardiometabolic and liver markers in subjects diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS We searched several online databases (PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase) in order to identify suitable publications for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Results were expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD). RESULTS From 12343 articles identified in different databases, a total of 7 RCT arms were entered into the quantitative synthesis. The manuscripts were published between 2019 and 2023. IF regimens (the 5:2 diet, 16/8 time-restricting feeding, and alternate day fasting) varied from 2 months to 3 months. IF regimens reduced steatosis scores (WMD: -33.22 CAP dB/m, 95 % CI: -50.72 to -15.72), anthropometric characteristics of obesity (WMD: -0.77 kg/m2, 95 % CI: -1.38 to -0.17 for body mass index; WMD: -3.16 kg, 95 % CI: -4.71 to -1.61 for body weight; WMD: -1.90 kg, 95 % CI: -3.51 to -0.29 for waist circumference), as well as ALT (WMD: -9.10 U/L, 95 % CI: -12.45 to -5.75), triglyceride (WMD: -20.83 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -39.01 to -2.66), total cholesterol (WMD: -7.80 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -15.18), HbA1c (WMD: -0.14 %, 95 % CI: -0.20 to -0.08) and HOMA-IR (WMD: -1.21, 95 % CI: -2.08 to -0.34) levels versus controls. Nevertheless, no between-group differences were detected for other biomarkers, e.g., fasting blood glucose, insulin, AST, HDL-C or LDL-C values, and fibrosis scores. CONCLUSION IF regimens can improve some markers of cardiometabolic and liver function in patients with NAFLD. However, the available evidence to support the benefits of IF regimens is limited and derived from a small number of studies, thus further research is needed to clarify the impact of IF on the cardiometabolic health of NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A K Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Henrique S Cerqueira
- School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Eman Abbas Zaher
- Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Romaih Alromaih
- Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Saud Arafat
- Department of Family Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Heba M Adly
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alyoubi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem Alyahyawi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed Kord-Varkaneh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Chen C, Zhang W, Yan G, Tang C. Identifying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with hypertension and pre-hypertension: An interpretable machine learning approach. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241233135. [PMID: 38389508 PMCID: PMC10883118 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241233135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases and is associated with pre-hypertension and hypertension. Our research aims to develop interpretable machine learning (ML) models to accurately identify MASLD in hypertensive and pre-hypertensive populations. Methods The dataset for 4722 hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients is from subjects in the NAGALA study. Six ML models, including the decision tree, K-nearest neighbor, gradient boosting, naive Bayes, support vector machine, and random forest (RF) models, were used in this study. The optimal model was constructed according to the performances of models evaluated by K-fold cross-validation (k = 5), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), average precision (AP), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1. Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values were employed for both global and local interpretation of the model results. Results The prevalence of MASLD in hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients was 44.3% (362 cases) and 28.3% (1107 cases), respectively. The RF model outperformed the other five models with an AUC of 0.889, AP of 0.800, accuracy of 0.819, sensitivity of 0.816, specificity of 0.821, and F1 of 0.729. According to the SHAP analysis, the top five important features were alanine aminotransferase, body mass index, waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol. Further analysis of the feature selection in the RF model revealed that incorporating all features leads to optimal model performance. Conclusions ML algorithms, especially RF algorithm, improve the accuracy of MASLD identification, and the global and local interpretation of the RF model results enables us to intuitively understand how various features affect the chances of MASLD in patients with hypertension and pre-hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenkang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaoliang Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengchun Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hazarika A, Nongkhlaw B, Mukhopadhyay A. Evaluation of the expression of genes associated with iron metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:344-351. [PMID: 38056574 PMCID: PMC7615906 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) has been linked to ferroptosis. This study aimed to assess expression levels of genes linked with iron metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T2DM patients and to investigate the association of these expression levels with anthropometric and clinical parameters. METHODS Gene expression of iron metabolism genes (Ferritin Light Chain, FTL; Ferritin Heavy Chain, FTH1; Transferrin Receptor, TFRC; Divalent Metal Transporter 1, SLC11A2; Ferroportin, SLC40A1) in archival PBMCs was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR assays. Correlations of gene expression with anthropometric/biochemical patient data were evaluated. RESULTS The study included 36 (18 male/18 female) T2DM patients and 45 (28 male/17 female) normoglycemic (NGT) subjects with a mean age of 38.1 ± 6.8 years and 47.6 ± 8.6 years respectively. Relative expression of FTL was significantly lower in T2DM females compared to that in NGT females (P = 0.027). Relative expression of SLC40A1 was significantly lower in the T2DM group (P = 0.043) and in the T2DM females (P = 0.021). Relative expression of SLC11A2 was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure in T2DM male patients. Relative expression of SLC40A1 was negatively associated with serum phosphorous and positively associated with serum thyroid stimulating hormone in male T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate a reduction in the expression of FTL in perimenopausal T2DM females. Also, in male T2DM patients and NGT subjects, biochemical markers are significantly correlated with the expression of FTL, FTH1, SLC11A2, and SLC40A1 in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Hazarika
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bajanai Nongkhlaw
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Arpita Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.
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Yan W, Yan M, Wang H, Xu Z. Associations of serum alkaline phosphatase level with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1217369. [PMID: 37867513 PMCID: PMC10585255 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1217369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims There are few population studies on the associations of serum alkaline phosphatase (AlkP) with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. We aimed to investigate the relevancy of serum AlkP with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population. Methods and results Our research included 34,147 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2014. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the associations of serum AlkP with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Mediation analysis was used to analyze mechanisms that might link serum AlkP to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. After 139.7 ± 57.8 months of follow-up, 5413 participants experienced all-cause death and 1820 participants experienced cardiovascular death. Mortality rates per 1000 person-years from various diseases increased with increasing serum concentrations of AlkP, especially all-cause death, cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular death. High serum AlkP level significantly increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. After multivariate adjustment, the highest AlkP group had the highest risk to experience all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.30, P < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.39, P < 0.001) than the lowest AlkP group. γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (13.33% and 15.79%), followed by Vitamin D (8.33% and 7.14%) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (7.69% and 10.35%) were identified as possible major mediators. Conclusion Higher AlkP concentrations were associated with higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, largely related to mediated factors such as GGT, Vitamin D, and CRP. These findings suggest that lower serum AlkP level may reduce all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Yan
- The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Baeradeh N, Seif M, Rezaianzadeh A, Hosseini SV. Investigating the relationship between liver enzymes and incidence of hypertension: A population-based cohort study in Kharameh, a city in the South of Iran. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1601. [PMID: 37808927 PMCID: PMC10551606 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hypertension and abnormal liver enzymes are common health issues that frequently coexist, and recent research has suggested a possible association between them, warranting further investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the relationship between liver enzymes and hypertension. Methods This prospective cohort study utilized data from the Kharameh cohort study, which is a branch of the Prospective Epidemiological Studies in Iran (PERSIAN) database. The study included 7710 participants aged between 40 and 70 years. Hypertension was defined in accordance with the European guidelines for hypertension management, and the association between liver enzymes and hypertension was modeled and predicted using Firth logistic regression. Results This study investigated the association between liver enzymes and hypertension risk in a cohort of 7710 individuals aged 40-70 years. The results showed that higher levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were associated with an increased risk of hypertension, and this relationship remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Additionally, separate analyses within age subgroups revealed a significant association between ALP concentration and high blood pressure in certain age ranges. Conclusion The study demonstrated a significant association between high levels of ALT, GGT, and ALP and an increased risk of hypertension, regardless of other risk factors. These results suggest that monitoring liver enzymes, specifically ALT, GGT, and ALP, could serve as a useful tool to predict hypertension risk and identify individuals who could benefit from early intervention. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of monitoring liver function in preventing and managing hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najibullah Baeradeh
- Department of Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, School of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mozhgan Seif
- Department of Epidemiology, Non‐Communicable Diseases Research Center, School of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorectal Research Center, School of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Seyed Vahid Hosseini
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Research Center, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Soppert J, Brandt EF, Heussen NM, Barzakova E, Blank LM, Kuepfer L, Hornef MW, Trebicka J, Jankowski J, Berres ML, Noels H. Blood Endotoxin Levels as Biomarker of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:2746-2758. [PMID: 36470528 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Growing evidence supports a role of gut-derived metabolites in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the relation of endotoxin levels with gut permeability and NAFLD stage remains unclear. This systematic review with meta-analysis aims to provide further insights. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies published until January 2022 assessing blood endotoxins in patients with NAFLD. Meta-analyses and univariate/multivariate meta-regression, as well as correlation analyses, were performed for endotoxin values and potential relationships to disease stage, age, sex, parameters of systemic inflammation, and metabolic syndrome, as well as liver function and histology. RESULTS Forty-three studies were included, of which 34 were used for meta-analyses. Blood endotoxin levels were higher in patients with simple steatosis vs liver-healthy controls (standardized mean difference, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.62-1.11) as well as in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis vs patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver/non-nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (standardized mean difference, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.27-1.35; P = .0078). Consistently, higher endotoxin levels were observed in patients with more advanced histopathological gradings of liver steatosis and fibrosis. An increase of blood endotoxin levels was partially attributed to a body mass index rise in patients with NAFLD compared with controls. Nevertheless, significant increases of blood endotoxin levels in NAFLD retained after compensation for differences in body mass index, metabolic condition, or liver enzymes. Increases in blood endotoxin levels were associated with increases in C-reactive protein concentrations, and in most cases, paralleled a rise in markers for intestinal permeability. CONCLUSION Our results support blood endotoxin levels as relevant diagnostic biomarker for NAFLD, both for disease detection as well as staging during disease progression, and might serve as surrogate marker of enhanced intestinal permeability in NAFLD. Registration number in Prospero: CRD42022311166.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefin Soppert
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elisa Fabiana Brandt
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicole Maria Heussen
- Department of Medical Statistics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Medical School, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emona Barzakova
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Mathias Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology - iAMB, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Kuepfer
- Institute for Systems Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marie-Luise Berres
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Site Aachen, Germany
| | - Heidi Noels
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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11
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Mouliou DS. C-Reactive Protein: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, False Test Results and a Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Clinicians. Diseases 2023; 11:132. [PMID: 37873776 PMCID: PMC10594506 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The current literature provides a body of evidence on C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and its potential role in inflammation. However, most pieces of evidence are sparse and controversial. This critical state-of-the-art monography provides all the crucial data on the potential biochemical properties of the protein, along with further evidence on its potential pathobiology, both for its pentameric and monomeric forms, including information for its ligands as well as the possible function of autoantibodies against the protein. Furthermore, the current evidence on its potential utility as a biomarker of various diseases is presented, of all cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatobiliary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, renal, gynecological, andrological, dental, oral, otorhinolaryngological, ophthalmological, dermatological, musculoskeletal, neurological, mental, splenic, thyroid conditions, as well as infections, autoimmune-supposed conditions and neoplasms, including other possible factors that have been linked with elevated concentrations of that protein. Moreover, data on molecular diagnostics on CRP are discussed, and possible etiologies of false test results are highlighted. Additionally, this review evaluates all current pieces of evidence on CRP and systemic inflammation, and highlights future goals. Finally, a novel diagnostic algorithm to carefully assess the CRP level for a precise diagnosis of a medical condition is illustrated.
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12
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Kahrovic A, Poschner T, Schober A, Angleitner P, Alajbegovic L, Andreas M, Hutschala D, Brands R, Laufer G, Wiedemann D. Increased Drop in Activity of Alkaline Phosphatase in Plasma from Patients with Endocarditis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11728. [PMID: 37511497 PMCID: PMC10380209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Infective endocarditis is a severe inflammatory disease associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels have been shown to change significantly during sepsis. Additionally, we previously found that a higher initial AP drop after cardiac surgery is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Therefore, the course of AP after surgery for endocarditis is of special interest. (2) A total of 314 patients with active isolated left-sided infective endocarditis at the Department of Cardiac Surgery (Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria) between 2009 and 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Blood samples were analyzed at different time points (baseline, postoperative days 1-7, postoperative days 14 and 30). Patients were categorized according to relative alkaline phosphatase drop (≥30% vs. <30%). (3) A higher rate of postoperative renal replacement therapy with or without prior renal replacement therapy (7.4 vs. 21.8%; p = 0.001 and 6.7 vs. 15.6%; p = 0.015, respectively) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (2.2 vs. 19.0%; p = 0.000) was observed after a higher initial alkaline phosphatase drop. Short-term (30-day mortality 3.0 vs. 10.6%; p = 0.010) and long-term mortality (p = 0.008) were significantly impaired after a higher initial alkaline phosphatase drop. (4) The higher initial alkaline phosphatase drop was accompanied by impaired short- and long-term outcomes after cardiac surgery for endocarditis. Future risk assessment scores for cardiac surgery should consider alkaline phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amila Kahrovic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Poschner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schober
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Angleitner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Leila Alajbegovic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Andreas
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Hutschala
- Division of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruud Brands
- Alloksys Life Sciences BV, 6708 PW Wageningen, The Netherlands
- IRAS Institute, University of Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Günther Laufer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Wiedemann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Zou G, Zhong Q, OUYang P, Li X, Lai X, Zhang H. Predictive analysis of metabolic syndrome based on 5-years continuous physical examination data. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9132. [PMID: 37277414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a complex group of metabolic disorders. As MetS poses a significant challenge to global public health, predicting the occurrence of MetS and the development of related risk factors is important. In this study, we conducted a predictive analysis of MetS based on machine learning algorithms using datasets of 15,661 individuals. Five consecutive years of medical examination records were provided by Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China. The specific risk factors used included WC, WHR, TG, HDL-C, BMI, FGLU, etc. We proposed a feature construction method using the examination records over the past four consecutive years, combining the differences between the annual value and the normal limits of each risk factor and the year-to-year variation. The results showed that the feature set, which contained the original features of the inspection record and new features proposed in this study yielded the highest AUC of 0.944, implying that the new features could help identify risk factors for MetS and provide more targeted diagnostic advice for physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohan Zou
- School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Cardiovascular Individual Medicine & Big Data, SCNU, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qinghua Zhong
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, SCNU, Foshan, 528225, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Cardiovascular Individual Medicine & Big Data, SCNU, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Ping OUYang
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoying Lai
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, SCNU, Foshan, 528225, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Cardiovascular Individual Medicine & Big Data, SCNU, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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14
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Brambila-Tapia AJL, Jacquez-Castañeda AL, Carrillo-Delgadillo LA, Dávila-Flores JN, Macías-Espinoza F, Ramírez-De Los Santos S, Gutiérrez-Hurtado IA. Association between Psychological, Biochemical and Personal Factors with the Inflammatory Marker High-Sensitive C Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP) in Mexican Healthy Population. J Pers Med 2023; 13:876. [PMID: 37241046 PMCID: PMC10222644 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, it has been shown that inflammatory processes play a role in the development of mental and physical problems; although some studies have researched the relationship between inflammation and psychological variables, the inclusion of biochemical variables as possible confounders has been limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether psychological variables are associated with the inflammatory marker, highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP), after controlling for personal and biochemical variables in the Mexican population. The study was performed at the University of Guadalajara facilities, during the second half of 2022. Healthy subjects were invited to participate in the study, which consisted of the measurement of personal, psychological, and biochemical variables. We included 172 participants, 92 (52.9%) of which were women; the median (range) of age of the whole sample was 22 (18-69) years old. In the bivariate analysis, significant positive correlations were observed between hs-CRP and body mass index (BMI) and waist/hip ratio (WHR) in both sexes, together with leukocytes, uric acid, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and the liver enzymes gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In the multivariate regression analysis of the global and men's samples, anxiety was positively associated with hs-CRP, while depression and positive relations with others were negatively associated with hs-CRP. In conclusion, psychological variables influence inflammation mainly in men, and anxiety was the main contributor; in addition, positive relation with others is a variable that should be further explored as a psychological protector of inflammation in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniel Jessica Leticia Brambila-Tapia
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ana Lilia Jacquez-Castañeda
- Maestría en Psicología de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Laura Arely Carrillo-Delgadillo
- Licenciatura en Psicología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jessica Natalia Dávila-Flores
- Licenciatura en Nutrición, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Macías-Espinoza
- Departamento de Psicología Aplicada, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Saúl Ramírez-De Los Santos
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Itzae Adonai Gutiérrez-Hurtado
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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15
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Dong J, Hu LK, Lu YK, Liu YH, Chu X, Yan YX. Association of serum uric acid with the risk of developing hypertension: A prospective cohort study with mediation analysis. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:345-356. [PMID: 36357616 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with the incidence of hypertension, but whether relevant metabolic factors have mediating effects is not certain. Our study was based on a functional community cohort established in Beijing. In 2015, a total of 7482 individuals without hypertension were recruited and followed up until 2019. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between SUA and hypertension. Cross-lagged panel analysis and mediation analysis were used to explore the effects of metabolic factors on the association between SUA and incident hypertension. During the average 4-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of hypertension was 10.9% (n = 580). SUA was an independent risk factor for hypertension, and the RRs (95% CI) for subjects with baseline SUA levels in quartile 2, quartile 3 and quartile 4 were 1.20 (0.88-1.63), 1.50 (1.10-2.05), and 1.57 (1.11-2.22) compared to those in quartile 1, respectively. The cross-lagged panel analysis showed that the increases in Cr, TG, LDL, ALT, AST and WBC occurred after SUA increased (P < 0.001). Among these factors, TG, WBC and ALT played an intermediary role in both men (TG: 14.76%; WBC: 11.61%; ALT: 15.93%) and women (TG: 14.55%; WBC: 8.55%; ALT: 6.89%). The elevated SUA concentration was an independent risk factor for hypertension in the Chinese population, and TG, WBC and ALT had important mediating effects on the association between SUA and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Kun Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ke Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chu
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Xiang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
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16
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Liu K, Yu Y, Yuan Y, Xu X, Lei W, Niu R, Shen M, Zhou L, Peng R, Wang Q, Yang H, Guo H, Ge Y, Liu G, He M, Wu T, Zhang X. Elevated Levels of Serum Alkaline Phosphatase are Associated with Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022:63646. [PMID: 36261365 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate the associations of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke, as well as their subtypes, among men and women in a prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 11,408 men and 14,981 women were included to evaluate the associations between ALP levels and incident CVD. Participants were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of serum ALP levels in men and women separately. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS During an average follow-up of 7.3 years, 7,015 incident CVDs (5,561 CHDs and 1,454 strokes) were documented. After adjustments for age, body mass index, smoking status, drinking status, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, physical activity, aspirin usage, anticoagulants usage, menopausal status (women only), family history of CVD, estimated glomerular filtration rate, white blood cell counts, and admission batch and comparing the lowest quartile of ALP, the adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of participants in the highest quartile were 1.22 (1.11-1.34) for CVD, 1.14 (1.02-1.28) for CHD, 1.43 (1.18-1.73) for stroke, 1.31 (1.09-1.57) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 1.37 (1.11-1.70) for ischemic stroke, and 1.75 (1.10-2.79) for hemorrhagic stroke in men and 1.12 (1.01-1.23) for CVD, 1.10 (0.99-1.23) for CHD, 1.18 (0.92-1.51) for stroke, 1.23 (1.03-1.47) for ACS, 1.10 (0.83-1.45) for ischemic stroke, and 1.54 (0.90-2.65) for hemorrhagic stroke in women. The ALP-CVD associations remained significant even within the normal ranges of ALP levels (40-150 U/L). Moreover, linear dose-response relationships were found between ALP levels and incident CVD. CONCLUSIONS Higher ALP levels, even within the normal range, were significantly associated with increased risks of CVD, in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggested that regular monitoring of ALP levels may help in improving the early identification of the population at higher CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Xuedan Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Wenhui Lei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Rundong Niu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Miaoyan Shen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Lue Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Rong Peng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Handong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Yang Ge
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College
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Katasako A, Sasaki S, Raita Y, Yamamoto S, Tochitani K, Murakami M, Nishioka R, Fujisaki K. Association between serum alkaline phosphatase and bacteraemia in haemodialysis outpatients: a multicentre retrospective cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058666. [PMID: 36207044 PMCID: PMC9557305 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elevated baseline serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) may correlate with higher medium-term to long-term mortality in the general population and in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, few data are available on the association between serum ALP and the short-term prognosis of patients on haemodialysis (HD). We verified the association of ALP levels and bacteraemia or death in maintenance HD patients suspected of bacteraemia in an outpatient setting. DESIGN We analysed 315 consecutive HD patients suspected of having bacteraemia with two sets of blood culture drawn on admission. SETTING Admission to two tertiary-care university medical centres from January 2013 to December 2015. PARTICIPANTS Consecutive cases on maintenance HD aged≥18 years. Cases of hospitalised patients who had been transferred from another hospital, had a dialysis vintage<2 months, were also undergoing peritoneal dialysis, and/or were receiving HD less than once a week were excluded. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measure was bacteraemia and secondary outcome was in-hospital death. RESULTS Among 315 cases included in the study, 187 had baseline-measured ALP levels, with a cut-off value on ROC analysis of 360 U/L (Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.60, sensitivity 0.49, specificity 0.76). In multivariate analysis, there was a statistically significant association between a higher ALP in hospital visit and bacteraemia (OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.17 to 4.83). However, there were no statistically significant associations between higher ALP and in-hospital death (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.57 to 2.54). A sensitivity analysis of 187 patients with no missing ALP values also demonstrated a significant association between elevated ALP and bacteraemia, but no significant association between ALP and in-hospital death. CONCLUSIONS Elevated ALP is a predictor of bacteraemia. In HD patients suspected of bacteraemia in outpatient settings, increased ALP levels were associated with increased likelihood of confirmed disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Katasako
- Department of Nephrology, Iizuka Hospital, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sho Sasaki
- Department of Nephrology, Iizuka Hospital, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
- Clinical Research Support Office, Iizuka Hospital, Iizuka, Fukuoka, Japan
- Section of Education for Clinical Research, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Raita
- Department of Nephrology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan
| | - Shungo Yamamoto
- Department of Transformative Infection Control Development Studies, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Fostering Required Medical Human Resources, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research(CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tochitani
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Murakami
- Department of Nephrology, Saku Central Hospital, Saku, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishioka
- Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
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18
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Yerlikaya FH, Eryavuz Onmaz D. Inflammation and Bone Turnover Markers in Adult Obesity. J Clin Densitom 2022; 25:470-474. [PMID: 36057471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a condition of abnormally increased body fat resulting from increased energy intake relative to energy expenditure. Excess body weight is a risk factor for many somatic and psychological disorders, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, and cancer types. Bone metabolism, bone turnover, and mineral content are altered in severe obesity. This review will focus on the relationship between inflammation and bone biomarkers in adult obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duygu Eryavuz Onmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
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19
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Chemical Profile of Cyperus laevigatus and Its Protective Effects against Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196470. [PMID: 36235007 PMCID: PMC9573427 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus species represent a group of cosmopolitan plants used in folk medicine to treat several diseases. In the current study, the phytochemical profile of Cyperus laevigatus ethanolic extract (CLEE) was assessed using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The protective effect of CLEE at 50 and 100 mg /kg body weight (b.w.) was evaluated on hepatorenal injuries induced by thioacetamide (100 mg/kg) via investigation of the extract's effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory markers and histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of CLEE resulted in the identification of 94 compounds, including organic and phenolic acids, flavones, aurones, and fatty acids. CLEE improved the antioxidant status in the liver and kidney, as manifested by enhancement of reduced glutathione (GSH) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), in addition to the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Moreover, CLEE positively affected oxidative stress parameters in plasma and thwarted the depletion of hepatorenal ATP content by thioacetamide (TAA). Furthermore, treatment of rats with CLEE alleviated the significant increase in plasma liver enzymes, kidney function parameters, and inflammatory markers. The protective effect of CLEE was confirmed by a histopathological study of the liver and kidney. Our results proposed that CLEE may reduce TAA-hepatorenal toxicity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties suppressing oxidative stress.
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Noroozi Karimabad M, Khalili P, Ayoobi F, Esmaeili-Nadimi A, La Vecchia C, Jamali Z. Serum liver enzymes and diabetes from the Rafsanjan cohort study. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:127. [PMID: 35549705 PMCID: PMC9102258 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the relation between ALT, AST, GGT and ALP with diabetes in the Rafsanjan Cohort Study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study is a cross-sectional research including 9991 adults participated via sampling. We used data obtained from the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS), as a part of the prospective epidemiological research studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). Elevated serum levels of ALT, AST, GGT and ALP were defined according to the reference range of the laboratory in the cohort center. Serum liver enzymes levels within the normal range were categorized into quartiles, and their relationship with diabetes was evaluated by logistic regressions. FINDINGS In present study, elevated serum levels of ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP were associated with increased odds of diabetes (adjusted ORs: 1.81, 95%CI 1.51-2.17; 1.75, 95%CI 1.32-2.32; 1.77, 95%CI 1.50-2.08; 1.60, 95%CI 1.35-1.90 respectively). Also, in subjects with normal levels of ALT, GGT and ALP, a dose-response increase was shown for diabetes. CONCLUSION Elevated levels of ALT, AST, GGT and ALP are related to a higher odds of diabetes. Also, increased levels of ALT, GGT and ALP even within normal range were independently related with the increased odds of diabetes. These results indicated the potential of elevated liver enzymes as biomarkers for the possible presence of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad
- Molecular Medicuine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Parvin Khalili
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ayoobi
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICO, World Safety Organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili-Nadimi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Study Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Zahra Jamali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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21
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Giannuzzi D, Toscano A, Pegolo S, Gallo L, Tagliapietra F, Mele M, Minuti A, Trevisi E, Ajmone Marsan P, Schiavon S, Cecchinato A. Associations between Milk Fatty Acid Profile and Body Condition Score, Ultrasound Hepatic Measurements and Blood Metabolites in Holstein Cows. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091202. [PMID: 35565628 PMCID: PMC9104722 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dairy cows have high incidences of metabolic disturbances, which often lead to disease, having a subsequent significant impact on productivity and reproductive performance. As the milk fatty acid (FA) profile represents a fingerprint of the cow’s nutritional and metabolic status, it could be a suitable indicator of metabolic status at the cow level. In this study, we obtained milk FA profile and a set of metabolic indicators (body condition score, ultrasound liver measurements, and 29 hematochemical parameters) from 297 Holstein–Friesian cows. First, we applied a multivariate factor analysis to detect latent structure among the milk FAs. We then explored the associations between these new synthetic variables and the morphometric, ultrasonographic and hematic indicators of immune and metabolic status. Significant associations were exhibited by the odd-chain FAs, which were inversely associated with β-hydroxybutyrate and ceruloplasmin, and positively associated with glucose, albumin, and γ-glutamyl transferase. Short-chain FAs were inversely related to predicted triacylglycerol liver content. Rumen biohydrogenation intermediates were associated with glucose, cholesterol, and albumin. These results offer new insights into the potential use of milk FAs as indicators of variations in energy and nutritional metabolism in early lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Giannuzzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.T.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandro Toscano
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.T.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Sara Pegolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.T.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Luigi Gallo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.T.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Franco Tagliapietra
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.T.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Marcello Mele
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Andrea Minuti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), The Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production (CREI), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.M.); (E.T.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), The Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production (CREI), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.M.); (E.T.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Paolo Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), The Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production (CREI), Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.M.); (E.T.); (P.A.M.)
- Nutrigenomics and Proteomics Research Center, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stefano Schiavon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.T.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessio Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.T.); (S.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
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Do Serum C-Reactive Protein Trends Predict Treatment Outcome in Patients with Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infection Undergoing Two-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty? Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051030. [PMID: 35626186 PMCID: PMC9139456 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-stage exchange arthroplasty is the standard treatment for knee periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This study aimed to determine whether serial changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) values can predict the prognosis in patients with knee PJI. We retrospectively enrolled 101 patients with knee PJI treated with two-stage exchange arthroplasty at our institution from 2010 to 2016. We excluded patients with spacer complications and confounding factors affecting CRP levels. We tested the association between treatment outcomes and qualitative CRP patterns or quantitative CRP levels. Of the 101 patients, 24 (23.8%) had recurrent PJI and received surgical intervention after two-stage reimplantation. Patients with a fluctuating CRP pattern were more likely to receive antibiotics for a longer period (p < 0.001). There was greater risk of treatment failure if the CRP levels were higher when antibiotics were switched from an intravenous to oral form (p = 0.023). The patients who received antibiotics for longer than six weeks (p = 0.017) were at greater risk of treatment failure after two-stage arthroplasty. Although CRP patterns cannot predict treatment outcomes, CRP fluctuation in the interim period was associated with longer antibiotic duration, which was related to a higher treatment failure rate.
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Pradhan R, Yin H, Yu O, Azoulay L. Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:819-829. [PMID: 35104330 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, separately, are associated with a decreased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) compared with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors among patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We assembled two new-user, active comparator cohorts using the U.K. Clinical Practice Research Datalink. The first included 30,291 and 225,320 new users of GLP-1 RA and DPP-4 inhibitors, respectively. The second included 41,184 and 148,421 new users of SGLT-2 inhibitors and DPP-4 inhibitors, respectively. Cox proportional hazards models weighted using propensity score fine stratification were fit to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs of NAFLD. We also determined whether the study drugs were associated with a decreased risk of hepatic transaminase elevation within restricted subcohorts. RESULTS GLP-1 RA were associated with a lower incidence of NAFLD with a wide CI compared with DPP-4 inhibitors (3.9 vs. 4.6 per 1,000 person-years, respectively; HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.73-1.01). SGLT-2 inhibitors were associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD (5.4 vs. 7.0 per 1,000 person-years, respectively; HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.68-0.89). In the restricted subcohorts, both GLP-1 RA and SGLT-2 inhibitors were associated with a decreased risk of hepatic transaminase elevation (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.95, and HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.61-0.71). CONCLUSIONS SGLT-2 inhibitors, and possibly GLP-1 RA, may be associated with a decreased incidence of NAFLD and hepatic transaminase elevation among patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richeek Pradhan
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hui Yin
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Oriana Yu
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laurent Azoulay
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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24
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Effects of a low free sugar diet on the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:987-994. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Faghih Dinevari M, Somi MH, Sadeghi Majd E, Fattahzadeh A, Nikniaz Z. Elevated Liver Aminotransferases Level and COVID-19 Prognosis in Hospitalized Patients: A Prospective Study from Iran. Middle East J Dig Dis 2022; 14:64-69. [PMID: 36619725 PMCID: PMC9489327 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2022.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Considering the conflicting results and limited studies on the association between elevated liver enzyme levels and COVID-19 outcomes, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between hepatic enzyme changes and the prognosis of COVID-19 during hospital admission. METHODS: In this prospective study, 1017 consecutive patients with COVID-19 participated and were followed up from admission until they were discharged or deceased. The liver enzyme levels were recorded on admission. The patient/disease-related information was recorded by trained nurses using questionnaires. The primary endpoint was the association between elevated liver enzymes and liver injury and mortality from COVID. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 62.58±17.45 years; 55.4% of them were male. There was no significant difference between groups regarding the COVID-19 outcomes except for the need for ICU admission (P=0.02). Moreover, all COVID-19 outcomes were significantly higher in patients with liver injury compared with other patients except for the quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score. After adjusting for covariates, the patients with Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of more than 40 (IU/L) and participants with liver injury on admission had significantly greater odds of death, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation requirements. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study support the hypothesis that poor outcomes of COVID-19 infection were higher in patients with elevated liver enzyme levels and liver injury. Therefore, liver chemicals should be closely monitored during the illness and hospital admission, and patients with COVID-19 and an elevated level of transaminases should be followed up carefully, and necessary interventions should be considered to prevent poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masood Faghih Dinevari
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Sadeghi Majd
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afshin Fattahzadeh
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Corresponding Author: Zeinab Nikniaz, PhD Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz, Iran Telefax:+98 4133367473
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Li ZY, Lin YC, Chang CH, Chen SY, Lu TW, Lee SH. Trend of serum C-reactive protein is associated with treatment outcome of hip Periprosthetic joint infection undergoing two-stage exchange arthroplasty: a case control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:1007. [PMID: 34856956 PMCID: PMC8641244 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) trends are critical for monitoring patients’ treatment response following a two-stage exchange arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip. However, CRP trends are poorly described in the literature. The primary aim of this study was to identify the relationships between PJI treatment outcomes and our proposed CRP trend definitions, parameters, and microbiological data. The secondary aim was to investigate CRP trends after the occurrence of spacer-related complications. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 74 patients treated with a two-stage exchange protocol for PJI in a tertiary referral joint center between 2014 and 2016. Patients with factors that may affect CRP levels (inflammatory arthritis, concomitant infections, liver and kidney diseases, and intensive care admissions) were excluded. CRP trends were categorized into five types and PJI treatment outcome was defined as “success” or “failure” according to the Delphi criteria. Results Treatment was successful in 67 patients and failed in 7 patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that type 5 CRP, defined as serum CRP fluctuation without normalization after first stage surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 17.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3–129.7; p = 0.005), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; OR: 14.5; 95% CI: 1.6–131.7; p = 0.018) were associated with treatment failure. Spacer-related complications occurred in 18 patients. Of these, 12 had elevated CRP levels at later follow-up, while six had no elevation in CRP levels. Conclusions We found that MRSA infection and type 5 CRP were associated with PJI treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Szu-Yuan Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Wu Lu
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hsun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Khayal EES, Ibrahim HM, Shalaby AM, Alabiad MA, El-Sheikh AA. Combined lead and zinc oxide-nanoparticles induced thyroid toxicity through 8-OHdG oxidative stress-mediated inflammation, apoptosis, and Nrf2 activation in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2589-2604. [PMID: 34553816 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A human is exposed to a chemical mixture rather than a single chemical, particularly with the wide spread of nanomaterials. Therefore, the present study evaluated the combined exposure of lead acetate (Pb) and zinc oxide-nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) compared to each metal alone on the thyroid gland of adult rats. A total of 30 adult male albino rats were divided into four groups, group I (control), group II received Pb (10 mg/kg), group III received ZnO-NPs (85 mg/kg) and group IV co-administrated the two metals in the same previous doses. The materials were gavaged for 8 weeks. The toxicity was assessed through several biochemical parameters. Our results revealed significant body weight reduction relative to increased thyroid weights, decreased both of serum-free triiodothyronine (FT3), tetra-iodothyronine (FT4), increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), increased serum and thyroid levels of Pb and zinc, significant elevation in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), reduction in interleukin 4 (IL4), upregulation of Bax, and downregulation of Bcl-2 genes. Additionally, there was significant overexpression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2), 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG), the elevation of tissues malondialdehyde (MDA), reduction of tissues total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and disruptive thyroid structural alterations in all metals groups with marked changes in the combined metals group. In conclusion, the combined exposure of Pb and ZnO-NPs induced pronounced toxic thyroid injury, pointing to additive effects in rats than the individual metal effects through different significant changes of disruptive thyroid structural alterations related to the loading of thyroid tissues with Pb and zinc metals producing oxidative stress that mediated inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman El-Sayed Khayal
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hanaa M Ibrahim
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amany Mohamed Shalaby
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ali Alabiad
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Arwa A El-Sheikh
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Wang X, Zhou M, Xiao L, Xu T, Yang S, Nie X, Xie L, Yu L, Mu G, Ma J, Chen W. Systemic inflammation mediates the association of heavy metal exposures with liver injury: A study in general Chinese urban adults. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126497. [PMID: 34323735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal exposures have been reported to be associated with increased risk for liver injury. However, the potential mechanisms of the association remain unclear. A repeated-measure study of 9367 observations was conducted to quantify the associations of urinary heavy metals with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a biomarker for liver injury, and assess the mediating role of systemic inflammation in such associations among general Chinese adults. In single-metal models, positive dose-response relationships between urinary vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), tungsten (W), and lead (Pb) and serum ALT were observed. In the multiple-metal model containing the seven metals mentioned above, V and Cu remained positively associated with ALT. In longitudinal analyses of 3-6 years, each 1-unit increase in log-transformed levels of V and Cu was associated with an additional rate of annual ALT increase (95% CI) for 1.3% (0.7-1.8%) and 1.3% (0.7-2.0%), respectively. Plasma CRP concentrations were not only positively associated with urinary Cu and Cd, but also positively related with ALT. Furthermore, mediation analyses showed that CRP mediated 4.70% and 7.03% of urinary Cu- and Cd-associated ALT elevations. Our study provides clues for the prevention of heavy metal-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiuquan Nie
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ge Mu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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30
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Hepatic Interactions in Atherosclerotic Heart Disease. Am J Med Sci 2021; 363:104-113. [PMID: 34547286 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic heart disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The past few decades have seen the emergence of chronic inflammation as a mediator of atherosclerosis. Although the heart and vascular system remain the organ systems most affected in the atherosclerotic process, chronic inflammation and ischemia trigger a systemic multi-organ response. The liver is a critical organ for systemic hemostasis and recent developments have established an important role of the liver in response to atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia. In addition, the rapid emergence of systemic liver diseases has unraveled a pathophysiological link with heart disease with therapeutic implications. In this review, we explore the relationship between the liver and the heart in myocardial ischemia, describe epidemiological associations between various liver pathologies and coronary heart disease, and elucidate practical challenges in the clinical management of patients with concomitant coronary heart disease and hepatic abnormalities.
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31
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Sterling RK, Shin D, Shin Y, French E, Stevens MP, Bajaj JS, DeWit M, Sanyal AJ. Fibrosis-4 Predicts the Need for Mechanical Ventilation in a National Multiethnic Cohort of Corona Virus Disease 2019. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:1605-1615. [PMID: 34510829 PMCID: PMC8239534 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple tests of routine data are needed for those with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which causes corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to help identify those who may need mechanical ventilation (MV). In this study, we aimed to determine if fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) is associated with the need for MV in patients with COVID-19 and if there is an association to determine the optimal FIB-4 cutoff. This was a retrospective, national, multiethnic cohort study of adults seen in an ambulatory or emergency department setting who were diagnosed with COVID-19. We used the TriNetX platform for analysis. Measures included demographics, comorbid diseases, and routine laboratory tests. A total of 4,901 patients with COVID-19 were included. Patients had a mean age of 56, 48% were women, 42% were obese, 38% were white, 40% were black, 15% had cardiac disease, 39% had diabetes mellitus, 20% had liver disease, and 50% had respiratory disease. The need for MV was 6%. The optimal FIB-4 cutoff for the need for MV was 3.04 (area under the curve, 0.735), which had sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 42%, 77%, 11%, and 95%, respectively, with 93% accuracy. When stratified by race, increased FIB-4 remained associated with the need for MV in both white and black patients. Conclusion: FIB-4 can be used by frontline providers to identify patients that may require MV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K Sterling
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Dongho Shin
- Department of BiostatisticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Yongyun Shin
- Department of BiostatisticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Evan French
- C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational ResearchVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Michael P Stevens
- Division of Infectious Diseases Department of BiostatisticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Marjolein DeWit
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical CareVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
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32
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Nielsen VW, Holm JG, Jørgensen AR, Yao Y, Ring HC, Thomsen SF. Liver enzyme levels are associated with markers of systemic inflammation, disease severity, and metabolic syndrome in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e360. [PMID: 34553080 PMCID: PMC8444281 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesper Grønlund Holm
- Department of Dermato‐Venereology & Wound Healing CentreBispebjerg HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Yiqiu Yao
- Department of Dermato‐Venereology & Wound Healing CentreBispebjerg HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Hans Christian Ring
- Department of Dermato‐Venereology & Wound Healing CentreBispebjerg HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Simon Francis Thomsen
- Department of Dermato‐Venereology & Wound Healing CentreBispebjerg HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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33
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Association of Serum Alkaline Phosphatase with the TG/HDL Ratio and TyG Index in Korean Adults. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060882. [PMID: 34198561 PMCID: PMC8231902 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has long been considered a marker of hepatobiliary and bone disorders, but recent studies have shown that increased ALP activity is correlated with various cardio-metabolic diseases. Thus, we investigated the association of serum ALP level with surrogate markers of insulin resistance such as triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C ratio) and triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index in the general population. The study included 12,868 men and women aged 19 years and older. Participants were categorized into four groups based on serum ALP level (U/L) as follows: Q1: 55-190 U/L, Q2: 191-224 U/L, Q3: 225-265 U/L, and Q4: 266-923 U/L for men, Q1: 48-161 U/L, Q2: 162-198 U/L, Q3: 199-245 U/L, Q4: 246-790 U/L for women. The insulin resistance cut-off levels were defined corresponding to the 75th percentile of the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio in the current samples. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of insulin resistance according to quartile of serum ALP level were calculated using weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis. Compared with Q1, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for insulin resistance of the Q4 serum ALP group was 1.517 (1.234-1.866) in men and 1.881 (1.399-2.528) in women using the TG/HDL-C ratio and 1.374 (1.093-1.728) in men and 2.047 (1.468-2.855) in women using the TyG index after adjusting for confounding variables. Serum ALP levels are independently and positively associated with surrogate markers of insulin resistance in Korean adults.
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34
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Ahmed Zaki MS, Haidara MA, Abdallaa AM, Mohammed H, Sideeg AM, Eid RA. Role of dietary selenium in alleviating bisphenol A toxicity of liver albino rats: Histological, ultrastructural, and biomarker assessments. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13725. [PMID: 33847390 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used as a plasticizer in polycarbonate plastics. It has been used in consumer products and epoxy resins for decades as protective coatings and linings for food and beverage bottles. This can trigger human reactions to BPA which interferes with estrogen receptors. Our study explored the ameliorative effects of selenium (Se) in male rats on liver damage caused by BPA. Rats were divided into four groups at random: The first one obtained olive oil and acted as a control. Se (0.5 mg/kg diet) was given for the second group. The third one was treated with BPA (10 mg/kg body weight/day) orally. Concomitantly Se (0.5 mg/kg diet) and BPA (10 mg/kg body weight/day) were given orally in the fourth one. Liver specimens were prepared for light, electron microscopes and the serum samples were screened for biochemical markers. In the BPA received group, histological findings indicated apoptotic hepatic histological changes such as sinusoidal congestion, cytoplasmic vacuolation and leukocyte infiltration. Ultrastructurally, the same group had mitochondrial degeneration, rough endoplasmic reticulum swelling, and nuclear pyknosis, as well as fat droplet deposition and lysosome enhancement. Liver enzymes: In the BPA group, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) have been substantially increased. Moreover, histological and ultrastructural improvements were seen in the rat population treated with BPA and Se, whereas ALT and AST levels were lowered and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), human C reactive protein (hCRP), and the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly modulated. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the manufacturing of polycarbonate plastic (e.g., water bottles, baby bottles) and epoxy resins (e.g., inner coating in metallic food cans). It is a non-polymer preservative for other plastics, one of the contaminants of the atmosphere and a common endocrine estrogenic disruptor. Our study explored the ameliorative effects of selenium (Se) in male rats on liver damage caused by BPA. Rats were divided into four groups at random: The first one obtained olive oil and acted as a control. Se (0.5 mg/kg diet) was given for the second group. The third one was treated with BPA (10 mg/kg body weight/day) orally. Concomitant Se (0.5 mg/kg diet) and BPA (10 mg/kg body weight/day) were given in the fourth one. Liver specimens were prepared for light, electron microscopes and the serum samples were screened for biochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Samir Ahmed Zaki
- Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Histology Department, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Haidara
- Physiology Department, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asim M Abdallaa
- Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heitham Mohammed
- Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abulqasim M Sideeg
- Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaat A Eid
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Ali N, Sumon AH, Fariha KA, Asaduzzaman M, Kathak RR, Molla NH, Mou AD, Barman Z, Hasan M, Miah R, Islam F. Assessment of the relationship of serum liver enzymes activity with general and abdominal obesity in an urban Bangladeshi population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6640. [PMID: 33758311 PMCID: PMC7988042 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global health concern because of its increasing trend both in developed and developing countries. A limited number of studies have evaluated the association of liver enzymes with both general and abdominal obesity in the general population; data for the Bangladeshi population are not available yet. This study aimed to assess the relationship of serum liver enzymes activity with both general and abdominal obesity in Bangladeshi adults. In total, 540 blood samples were obtained from the participants (388 males and 152 females) and analyzed for serum levels of ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP using standard methods. General obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90 cm in males and ≥ 80 cm in females. The relationship between liver enzymes and obesity was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression models. Overall, 58% of participants in the general obesity group and 55% of the participants in the abdominal obesity group had at least one or more elevated levels of liver enzymes. The prevalence of elevated liver enzymes was significantly higher in the obesity group compared to the normal BMI and WC groups (p < 0.05 for all cases). The mean level of serum ALT, AST and GGT were significantly higher in the obesity group than the normal BMI group (p < 0.05). In the WC groups, mean AST and GGT were significantly higher in the obesity group compared to the normal group (p < 0.05). In regression analysis, serum levels of ALT showed an independent and significant association with general obesity, whereas, serum GGT showed a significant association with both general and abdominal obesity. In conclusion, a high prevalence of elevated liver enzymes was observed among participants included in the present study. Of the four enzymes, serum GGT was independently associated with both general and abdominal obesity. Further studies are required to understand the complex relationship between liver enzymes and obesity in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurshad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Abu Hasan Sumon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Khandaker Atkia Fariha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Md Asaduzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Rahanuma Raihanu Kathak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Noyan Hossain Molla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Ananya Dutta Mou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Zitu Barman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Rakib Miah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
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36
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Jia J, Yang Y, Liu F, Zhang M, Xu Q, Guo T, Wang L, Peng Z, He Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Shen H, Zhang Y, Yan D, Ma X, Zhang P. The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:145. [PMID: 33740888 PMCID: PMC7980597 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inconsistent results were found in the association between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hypertension among population-based studies. This study evaluated the association between ALT and hypertension among Chinese reproductive-age population by utilizing registration data from National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkups Project in 2016–2017. Methods The 21,103,790 registered participants were eligible for analysis, including women who were 20–49 years old and men who were 20–59 years old with available data for ALT and blood pressure (BP). Logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratio (OR) for the association between ALT and hypertension as a binary outcome. Linear regression was used to examine the association between ALT and BP as a continuous outcome. Results In total, 4.21% of the participants were hypertensive, and 11.67% had elevated ALT (> 40 U/L). Hypertension prevalence was 3.63% and 8.56% among participants with normal and elevated ALT levels. A strong linear relationship was found between serum ALT levels and the odds of hypertension after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariable-adjusted ORs for hypertension were 1, 1.22 (1.21, 1.22), 1.67 (1.65 1.68), 1.78 (1.76, 1.80), and 1.92 (1.90, 1.94) in participants with ALT levels of ≤ 20, 20.01–40, 40.01–60, 60.01–80, and > 80 U/L, respectively. Systolic and diastolic BPs rose by 1.83 and 1.20 mmHg on average, for each 20 U/L increase in ALT (P for trend < 0.001). The association was consistent among subgroups and tended to be stronger among populations who are overweight (body mass index ≥ 24 kg/m2) (χ2 = 52,228, P < 0.001), alcohol drinking (χ2 = 100,730, P < 0.001) and cigarette smoking (χ2 = 105,347, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our cross-sectional analysis suggested a linear association between serum ALT and hypertension or BP, which indicated that abnormal liver metabolism marked by elevated serum ALT could play a role in hypertension or elevated BP condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Jia
- Graduate School of Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- Graduate School of Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,China DOHaD Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjin Zhang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Xu
- Graduate School of Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tonglei Guo
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoqi Peng
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan He
- Graduate School of Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China DOHaD Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongguang Zhang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Shen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghai Yan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Ma
- Graduate School of Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,National Research Institute for Family Planning, Da Huisi Road, 12#, Beijing, People's Republic of China. .,National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Puhong Zhang
- Diabetes Research Program, The George Institute for Global Health At Peking University Health Science Center, Zhi Chun Road, 6#, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Zhang X, Xia H, Wang J, Leng R, Zhou X, Gao Q, He K, Liu D, Huang B. Effect of selenium-enriched kiwifruit on body fat reduction and liver protection in hyperlipidaemic mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:2044-2057. [PMID: 33532813 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02410d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of selenium-enriched kiwifruit (Se-Kiwi) on lipid-lowering and liver protection in hyperlipidaemic mice induced by consuming a long-term high-fat diet. Selenium-enriched cultivation can significantly improve the contents of vitamins and functional elements in kiwifruits, especially vitamin C, selenium, and manganese, thus enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Se-Kiwi. Se-Kiwi can significantly improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of hyperlipidaemic mice, restore the liver morphology of mice close to normal, reduce the fat content in the liver, and inhibit the accumulation of abdominal fat cells. Meanwhile, the expression levels of inflammation-related factors (TNF-α and NF-κB) and lipid synthesis related genes (SREBP-1c and FAS) are inhibited at the gene transcription and protein expression levels, and the expression levels of energy expenditure related genes (PPAR-α and CPT1) are increased, resulting in lipid reductions and liver protection. In conclusion, our results indicate that the protective mechanism of Se-Kiwi on high-fat diet mice is associated with enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reducing the degree of the inflammatory reaction, inhibiting the fat synthesis, and accelerating body energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Haidong Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ruyue Leng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qian Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Bei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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38
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Kuroda R, Nogawa K, Watanabe Y, Morimoto H, Sakata K, Suwazono Y. Association between High-Sensitive C-Reactive Protein and the Development of Liver Damage in Japanese Male Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062985. [PMID: 33799436 PMCID: PMC7998110 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine whether a causative relationship exists between the development of liver damage and increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) levels by long-term follow-up in Japanese workers. METHODS The target participants comprised 7830 male workers in a Japanese steel company. The prospective cohort study was performed over a 6-year period, and annual health screening information was analyzed by pooled logistic regression. The endpoint, regarded as the development of liver damage, was defined as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥ 40 IU/L. RESULTS A significant relationship between the development of liver damage and increased HsCRP levels was observed after adjusting for confounding factors such as various physiological and blood chemistry parameters and lifestyle factors. The odds ratio of a 1.5-fold increase in HsCRP was 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.10, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that an increase of HsCRP is associated with the development of liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Kuroda
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (R.K.); (K.N.); (Y.W.); (H.M.); (K.S.)
- Division for Environment, Health and Safety, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nogawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (R.K.); (K.N.); (Y.W.); (H.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Yuuka Watanabe
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (R.K.); (K.N.); (Y.W.); (H.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Hideki Morimoto
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (R.K.); (K.N.); (Y.W.); (H.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Kouichi Sakata
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (R.K.); (K.N.); (Y.W.); (H.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Yasushi Suwazono
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (R.K.); (K.N.); (Y.W.); (H.M.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-43-226-2065
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Ma WJ, Qin M, Cui TW, Zhang XP, Ke ZH, Pan ZK, Gao YX, Liu BX. Relationship between the risk factors of cardiovascular disease by testing biochemical markers and young men with erectile dysfunction: a case-control study. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:724-733. [PMID: 33718074 PMCID: PMC7947441 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erectile dysfunction (ED) shares common risk factors with cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia, but the relationship between the risk factors of CVD in biochemical markers and young men with ED age 20–40 years is not fully clarified. Methods A total of 289 ED outpatients (20–40 years old) were allocated under ED group, based on patients’ complaints and physical examinations. According to the frequency matching ratio of 1:4, 1,155 male individuals (20–40 years old) without ED were set as control group. All participants were tested for lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), blood glucose (BG), homocysteine (HCY), liver function including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and renal function including uric acid (UA) and creatinine (CR). The study was designed to compare the two groups using an established binary logistic regression analysis model. The ED group was then subdivided into a younger ED group (20–30 years old) and an older ED group (31–40 years old) for further comparisons. Results After comparison, no obvious differences were found in medians of age, TC, TG, HDL, HCY, UA, and ALT in the two groups. Median LDL, BG, and CR were significantly higher and AST was much lower in the ED group (P<0.01). In binary logistic regression analysis, odds ratios (OR) for LDL, BG, CR, and AST were 1.279, 1.237, 1.026, and 0.978, respectively. The sensitivity value and specificity value were 43.25% and 72.56%, respectively. The medians of LDL, TG, and TC were higher and HDL was much lower in the older ED group, as compared with the younger group (P<0.05). No significant differences were displayed in medians of other biochemical markers in the above comparisons. Conclusions Elevated LDL, BG, and CR were related factors of ED in young men. Lipid profile was significantly different between young men with ED aged 20–30 and 31–40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Ma
- Department of Andrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mao Qin
- Department of Andrology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian-Wei Cui
- Department of Andrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Hao Ke
- Department of Andrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Kun Pan
- Department of Andrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Gao
- Department of Andrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Xing Liu
- Department of Andrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Sterling RK, Oakes T, Gal TS, Stevens MP, deWit M, Sanyal AJ. The Fibrosis-4 Index Is Associated With Need for Mechanical Ventilation and 30-Day Mortality in Patients Admitted With Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Infect Dis 2020; 222:1794-1797. [PMID: 32856702 PMCID: PMC7499595 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), developed to predict fibrosis in liver disease, was used to identify patients with COVID-19 who will require ventilator support as well as associated with 30-day mortality. Multivariate analysis found obesity (OR 4.5), diabetes (OR 2.55), and FIB-4 ≥ 2.67 (OR 3.09) independently associated with need for mechanical ventilation. When controlling for ventilator use, gender, and comorbid conditions, FIB-4 ≥ 2.67 was also associated with increased 30-day mortality (OR 8.4; 95% CI 2.23-31.7). While it may not be measuring hepatic fibrosis, its components suggest that increases in FIB-4 may be reflecting systemic inflammation associated with poor outcomes
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K Sterling
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Tavis Oakes
- C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Tamas S Gal
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael P Stevens
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Marjolein deWit
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Bera A, Russ E, Jindal RM, Watson MA, Nee R, Eidelman O, Karaian J, Pollard HB, Srivastava M. Liver Function Enzymes are Potential Predictive Markers for Kidney Allograft Dysfunction. ADVANCEMENTS IN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY 2020; 2:27-36. [PMID: 33083794 DOI: 10.33140/ajun.02.01.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Biopsy of the allograft is the gold standard for assessing kidney allograft dysfunction. The aim of our pilot study was to identify serum biomarkers that could obviate the need for biopsy. Materials and Methods We conducted a study to identify the biomarkers in the serum from different groups of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and kidney transplanted patients vs. healthy individuals. The four groups (n=25 in each group) were as follows: 1) Patients with unstable kidney allograft transplants requiring biopsy for cause, 2) Patients with stable kidney allograft transplants, 3) Patients with CKD not on immunosuppressive therapy and, 4) healthy subjects. We measured the activity and level of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and other liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) as potential serum biomarkers in acute allograft dysfunction. Results We found that ALP correlated with allograft biopsy findings, liver function, and clinical outcomes and possibly graft survival. Additionally, AST and ALT were higher in patients with graft rejection compared to non-rejected and stable kidney transplants. Moreover, the low Pearson correlations (r- values) between ALP level with age (r=0.179), gender, body mass index (r=0.236), creatinine (r=0.044) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (r=0.048) suggest that ALP may be an independent biomarker which is relatively unaffected by other individual-level variables. Conclusion ALP may be a putative biomarker to predict kidney allograft function and rejection. Data also indicated that liver function plays an important role for the overall success of kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakesh Bera
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, US
| | - Eric Russ
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, US
| | - Rahul M Jindal
- USU-Walter Reed Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, US
| | - Maura A Watson
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University Bethesda, MD, US
| | - Robert Nee
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University Bethesda, MD, US
| | - Ofer Eidelman
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, US
| | - John Karaian
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, US
| | - Harvey B Pollard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, US
| | - Meera Srivastava
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, US
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Fadda LM, Ali HM, Mohamed AM, Hagar H. Prophylactic administration of carnosine and melatonin abates the incidence of apoptosis, inflammation, and DNA damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rat livers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19142-19150. [PMID: 31055753 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TDO-ns) are extensively used in the food, medicine, and cosmetic industries, discussions about the possible hazards of nanomaterials are just beginning to emerge. This study aimed to detect the inflammatory stress, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death induced in the livers of rats exposed to TDO-ns (600 mg/kg, particle size ≤ 100 nm). Furthermore, the modulation of these toxic effects by two potent naturally occurring antioxidants, carnosine (Carno) or melatonin (Melato), was evaluated. The co-administration of carnosine or melatonin to rats intoxicated with TDO-ns significantly attenuated the increases in serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), immunoglobulin G (IgG), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. The two agents markedly ameliorated hepatic DNA damage and the alterations in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), cytochrome P450, caspase-3, total phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, and triglyceride (TG) levels. These results support the use of Carno or Melato as prophylactic agents against TDO-ns-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Mohamed Fadda
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M Ali
- Genetic and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
- Common First Year Deanship, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Azza M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Therapeutic Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan Hagar
- Pharmacology Unit (31), Medical College and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Po Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
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Evaluation of Hepatic Enzymes Changes and Association with Prognosis in COVID-19 Patients. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.103179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Jung SJ, Hwang JH, Park SH, Choi EK, Ha KC, Baek HI, Shin DG, Seo JH, Chae SW. A 12-week, randomized, double-blind study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of liver function after using fermented ginseng powder (GBCK25). Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:3517. [PMID: 32425736 PMCID: PMC7217291 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.3517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, clinical research has suggested that red ginseng components play a role in liver protection and combating fatigue. However, fermented ginseng has not been analyzed for liver-protective or anti-fatigue effects. Objective This study evaluates the positive effects of fermented ginseng powder (GBCK25) on liver function. Methods Ninety participants with elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (35 ≤ ALT ≤1 05 IU/L) were randomized to one of three groups. The participants were treated with GBCK25 tablets at a dose of 500 mg/day (high dose), 125 mg/day (low dose), or placebo group daily for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes included changes in ALT and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels. The secondary outcomes included changes in aspartate amino-transferase (AST), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), multidimensional fatigue scale, lipid profile, and antioxidant markers. Results In male subjects, after 12 weeks of low-dose GBCK25 (125 mg) supplementation, the GGT (P = 0.036) and hs-CRP (P = 0.021) levels decreased significantly more than those in the placebo group. High-dose GBCK25 (500 mg) supplementation significantly decreased the fatigue score compared with the placebo group. There were no clinically significant differences between the groups when studying any safety parameter. Conclusion Our results suggest that GBCK25 supplementation has beneficial effects on liver function. Trial registration This study was registered at Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03260543).
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Jung
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Hwang
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Choi
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chan Ha
- Healthcare Claims & Management Incorporation, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Im Baek
- Healthcare Claims & Management Incorporation, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gue Shin
- Research & Development Center of GENERAL BIO Co., Ltd, Namwon, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Seo
- Research & Development Center of GENERAL BIO Co., Ltd, Namwon, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Chonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Exploring the association of Bone Alkaline Phosphatases And Hearing Loss. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4006. [PMID: 32132610 PMCID: PMC7055307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss becomes increasingly common with age and affects quality of life. Recently, scientists have published articles about the relationship between metabolic disease and hearing loss. Metabolic disease was previously found to be highly related to an increase in alkaline phosphatase. Thus, there may be an indirect relationship between alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hearing loss. In this paper, we will demonstrate the relationship between ALP and hearing loss. We included 3877 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants, who represent the noninstitutionalized civilian population in the United States from age 20 to age 69, and examined the association between ALP and frequency distributions of pure-tone air-condition (PTAC) thresholds. After adjusting for pertinent variables, the subjects who belonged to the higher quartiles of ALP tended to have worse hearing thresholds (pure tone average at high and low frequencies) than the first quartile of ALP (p < 0.001). The results showed a positive correlation between ALP and hearing loss, in both males and females (p < 0.001) and in subjects whose body mass indices (BMI) were less than 30 (p < 0.001). In conclusion, ALP may play a role in detecting hearing loss.
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Kim KS, Oh IS, Kim HJ, Song I, Park MS, Shin JY. Signal Detection of Adverse Events Following Pneumococcal Vaccines from the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database, 2005-2016. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:243-250. [PMID: 32102125 PMCID: PMC7044688 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.3.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to analyze the surveillance reports of adverse events (AEs) due to different types of pneumococcal vaccines, in addition to detecting and validating signals of pneumococcal vaccines by comparing AEs with labels. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the percentages of AEs according to vaccine type [pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines (PPSVs) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs)] in children and adults using data from the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) database from 2005 to 2016. A signal was defined as an AE that met all three indices of data mining: proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), and information component (IC). We validated the detected signals by calculating sensitivity, specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values of the signals against label information. RESULTS Of the 39933 AE reports on vaccination, 5718 (7.0%) were related to pneumococcal vaccine. The most frequent AE after vaccination with PPSV was fever (23.9%) in children and injection-site reaction in adults. The most frequent AE after vaccination with PCV in children was pharyngitis (26.2%). In total, 13 AEs met all three indices for signal detection. Among these, hypotension, apathy, sepsis, and increased serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase level were not listed on vaccine labels. In validation analysis, PRR and ROR performed slightly better than IC for adults who were vaccinated with PPSVs. CONCLUSION Overall, 13 new signals of PPSVs, including four signals not listed on the labels, were detected. Further research based on additional AE reports is required to confirm the validity of these signals for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Sun Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Inmyung Song
- College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
| | - Min Soo Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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Yang X, Ma Y, Zhao Z, Zhen S, Wen D. Complement C1q as a Potential Biomarker for Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:586440. [PMID: 33329392 PMCID: PMC7735390 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.586440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complement C1q (C1q) has been confirmed to be related to obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and its components. However, human data regarding the associations are relatively scarce. This study aimed to investigate associations of C1q with obesity as well as MetS in Chinese adolescents. METHODS A total of 1,191 Chinese adolescents aged 13-18 years were enrolled in this study. The biochemical and anthropometric variables of all the subjects were evaluated using standardized procedures. C1q was measured using the immunoturbidometric assay. The relationship between C1q and obesity or MetS was analyzed using multiple regression analyses. RESULTS Obesity was more prevalent among participants in the highest tertile than in the lowest tertile of C1q levels. The highest tertile of C1q was related to a greater effect on the risk of MetS, and its trend test was statistically significant. Except for hyperglycemia, the prevalence of other components of MetS significantly increased relative to an increase in C1q tertile. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of C1q for predicting adolescents with MetS illustrated that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76, 0.88; P<0.001] in the total population after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS This study observed a significantly higher prevalence of obesity and MetS features in adolescents with high C1q. The findings of the current study also reported a significant relationship between C1q levels and MetS components [except for fasting plasma glucose (FPG)] in Chinese adolescents. C1q may represent a biomarker for predicting obesity or MetS in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Yang
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhao
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shihan Zhen
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang X, Li R, Chen Y, Dai Y, Chen L, Qin L, Cheng X, Lu Y. The Role of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies in Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease: TgAb May Be a Potential Protective Factor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:598836. [PMID: 33363517 PMCID: PMC7755111 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.598836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is associated with thyroid hormones (THs), immunity, and inflammation status, but few studies involved thyroid autoimmunity. This study aimed to evaluate the role of THs, thyroid autoantibodies, inflammatory biomarkers in MAFLD, its cofactors, and other possible determinants. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, a total of 424 Chinese patients were selected and categorized as non-MAFLD and MAFLD. Serum thyroid hormone, thyroid autoantibody and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were measured. The data of blood pressure, the serum lipid profile, glucose and liver enzymes were collected. The differences and association between research findings were examined and analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, One-Way ANOVA test and Multiple Logistic Regression models. RESULTS The study showed significant increase in the prevalence of MAFLD with high thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (P < 0.01) and abnormal high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (P < 0.01). The proportion of MAFLD patients decreased significantly with the rise of free thyroxine (FT4) (P = 0.04), thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb) (P < 0.01), anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) (P < 0.01), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) levels (P < 0.01). Based on logistic regression analysis, MAFLD was significantly associated with lower levels of TgAb (P < 0.01), TPOAb (P < 0.01), and higher levels of hsCRP (P < 0.01) in male. In female, elevated TgAb (P < 0.01) may be a protective factor, while higher levels of hsCRP (P < 0.01) showed increased risk of MAFLD. Logistic models were adjusted for age, BMI, SBP, DBP, FBG, ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL, HDL. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, TgAb may be a potential protective factor for MAFLD and elevated hsCRP level should be considered as an independent risk factor for MAFLD in both genders. TPOAb also demonstrated protective effect, but only in male. The prevalence of MAFLD increased with higher TSH levels and lower FT4, TRAb levels, but no significant association were found. However, Our findings provide a new insight into the pathogenesis of MAFLD by further investigating the impact of THs, thyroid autoimmunity, and inflammation on MAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuning Dai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingbo Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Lu,
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Kim JH, Lee HS, Park HM, Lee YJ. Serum alkaline phosphatase level is positively associated with metabolic syndrome: A nationwide population-based study. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 500:189-194. [PMID: 31678575 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a useful marker of hepatobiliary or bone disorder, has recently emerged as a biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and cardiometabolic disease. This study aimed to examine the association of serum ALP level with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in apparently healthy adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the relationship between serum ALP level and MetS in 7,101 men and 8,873 women aged 19 to 75 years using data from the 2008 to 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MetS were calculated using multiple logistic regression analyses across serum ALP quartiles (Q1: ≤190 U/L; Q2: 191-224 U/L; Q3: 225-263 U/L; and Q4: ≥264 U/L for men and Q1: ≤163 U/L; Q2: 164-201 U/L; Q3: 202-251 U/L; and Q4: ≥252 U/L for women). RESULTS The mean values of most cardiometabolic variables, HOMA-IR, and leukocyte count gradually increased with serum ALP quartile. The prevalence of MetS significantly increased in accordance with serum ALP quartile. In comparison with those of individuals in the lowest quartile, the OR (95% CI) for MetS in the highest quartile was 1.32 (1.05-1.64) in men and 1.99 (1.42-3.81) in women after adjusting for age, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, regular exercise, household income, education level, occupation, AST, ALT, and GGT levels. CONCLUSION Serum ALP level was positively and independently associated with MetS in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Kim
- Department of Health Promotion, Yonsei University Health System, Severance Check-up, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Park
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Xiong T, Zhong C, Sun G, Zhou X, Chen R, Li Q, Wu Y, Gao Q, Huang L, Hu X, Xiao M, Yang X, Hao L, Yang N. Early maternal circulating alkaline phosphatase with subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus and glucose regulation: a prospective cohort study in China. Endocrine 2019; 65:295-303. [PMID: 31115769 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01954-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Emerging clinical evidence has implied that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) may contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, there were no studies to reveal the independent and prospective associations between ALP and GDM. Our aim was to explore the independent and prospective associations between early maternal ALP level and GDM risk and glucose regulation. METHODS In a prospective cohort study with 2073 singleton mothers at four maternity units in China, maternal serum ALP levels were measured before 20 gestational weeks. Using logistic regression, we analyzed the relationship between maternal ALP level and risk of GDM. We further explored the relationships of ALP level to fasting blood glucose (FBG), 1-h and 2-h post-load blood glucose (1-h, 2-h PBG) with multiple linear regression. Finally, we analyzed the association between maternal ALP level and isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG) and isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT) risk. RESULTS The maximum value of maternal ALP level was 90 U/L, within the normal range. After adjustment for confounding factors, the odds ratio (ORs) of GDM increased linearly with ALP level (p for overall association = 0.002, p for nonlinear association = 0.799), with the OR comparing the highest versus lowest quartile of 2.47 (95% CI 1.47, 4.15). Moreover, each additional of 10 U/L ALP level was associated with a 2% higher FBG (p = 0.043) and a 12% higher 1-h PBG (p = 0.004). Higher ALP level also increased the risk of i-IFG (OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.17-11.86) and i-IGT (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.07-3.84). CONCLUSIONS Even within the upper limit of normal, higher early maternal ALP level could increase the risk of GDM. Moreover, both FBG and PBG were increased with early maternal ALP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhen Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjuan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwen Hu
- Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Xiao
- Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nianhong Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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