1
|
Nam U, Kim J, Yi HG, Jeon JS. Investigation of the Dysfunction Caused by High Glucose, Advanced Glycation End Products, and Interleukin-1 Beta and the Effects of Therapeutic Agents on the Microphysiological Artery Model. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2302682. [PMID: 38575148 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has substantial global implications and contributes to vascular inflammation and the onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, translating the findings from animal models to humans has inherent limitations, necessitating a novel platform. Therefore, herein, an arterial model is established using a microphysiological system. This model successfully replicates the stratified characteristics of human arteries by integrating collagen, endothelial cells (ECs), and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Perfusion via a peristaltic pump shows dynamic characteristics distinct from those of static culture models. High glucose, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and interleukin-1 beta are employed to stimulate diabetic conditions, resulting in notable cellular changes and different levels of cytokines and nitric oxide. Additionally, the interactions between the disease models and oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are examined. Finally, the potential therapeutic effects of metformin, atorvastatin, and diphenyleneiodonium are investigated. Metformin and diphenyleneiodonium mitigate high-glucose- and AGE-associated pathological changes, whereas atorvastatin affects only the morphology of ECs. Altogether, the arterial model represents a pivotal advancement, offering a robust and insightful platform for investigating cardiovascular diseases and their corresponding drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ungsig Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Gyeong Yi
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
van der Linden J, Trap L, Scherer CV, Roks AJM, Danser AHJ, van der Pluijm I, Cheng C. Model Systems to Study the Mechanism of Vascular Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15379. [PMID: 37895059 PMCID: PMC10607365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Within cardiovascular aging, arterial aging holds significant importance, as it involves structural and functional alterations in arteries that contribute substantially to the overall decline in cardiovascular health during the aging process. As arteries age, their ability to respond to stress and injury diminishes, while their luminal diameter increases. Moreover, they experience intimal and medial thickening, endothelial dysfunction, loss of vascular smooth muscle cells, cellular senescence, extracellular matrix remodeling, and deposition of collagen and calcium. This aging process also leads to overall arterial stiffening and cellular remodeling. The process of genomic instability plays a vital role in accelerating vascular aging. Progeria syndromes, rare genetic disorders causing premature aging, exemplify the impact of genomic instability. Throughout life, our DNA faces constant challenges from environmental radiation, chemicals, and endogenous metabolic products, leading to DNA damage and genome instability as we age. The accumulation of unrepaired damages over time manifests as an aging phenotype. To study vascular aging, various models are available, ranging from in vivo mouse studies to cell culture options, and there are also microfluidic in vitro model systems known as vessels-on-a-chip. Together, these models offer valuable insights into the aging process of blood vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janette van der Linden
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne Trap
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline V. Scherer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton J. M. Roks
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A. H. Jan Danser
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid van der Pluijm
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Genomics Center Netherlands, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sobolevskaya EV, Shumkov OA, Smagin MA, Guskov AE, Malysheva AV, Atuchin VV, Nimaev VV. Markers of Restenosis after Percutaneous Transluminal Balloon Angioplasty in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109096. [PMID: 37240440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Among cardiovascular diseases, chronic obliterating lesions of the arteries of lower extremities, which are one of the important problems of modern healthcare, are distinguished. In most cases, the cause of damage to the arteries of lower extremities is atherosclerosis. The most severe form is chronic ischemia, characterized by pain at rest and ischemic ulcers, ultimately increasing the risk of limb loss and cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, patients with critical limb ischemia need limb revascularization. Percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty is one of the least invasive and safe approaches, with advantages for patients with comorbidities. However, after this procedure, restenosis is still possible. Early detection of changes in the composition of some molecules as markers of restenosis will help screen patients at the risk of restenosis, as well as find ways to apply efforts for further directions of inhibition of this process. The purpose of this review is to provide the most important and up-to-date information on the mechanisms of restenosis development, as well as possible predictors of their occurrence. The information collected in this publication may be useful in predicting outcomes after surgical treatment and will also find new ways for the target implication to the mechanisms of development of restenosis and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira V Sobolevskaya
- Laboratory of Surgical Lymphology and Lymph-Detoxication, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Oleg A Shumkov
- Laboratory of Surgical Lymphology and Lymph-Detoxication, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Smagin
- Laboratory of Surgical Lymphology and Lymph-Detoxication, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Andrey E Guskov
- Laboratory of Scientometrics and Scientific Communications, Russian Research Institute of Economics, Politics and Law in Science and Technology, Moscow 127254, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Malysheva
- Laboratory of Scientometrics and Scientific Communications, Russian Research Institute of Economics, Politics and Law in Science and Technology, Moscow 127254, Russia
| | - Victor V Atuchin
- Laboratory of Optical Materials and Structures, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Research and Development Department, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo 650000, Russia
- Department of Industrial Machinery Design, Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk 630073, Russia
- R&D Center "Advanced Electronic Technologies", Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634034, Russia
| | - Vadim V Nimaev
- Laboratory of Surgical Lymphology and Lymph-Detoxication, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bax M, Romanov V, Junday K, Giannoulatou E, Martinac B, Kovacic JC, Liu R, Iismaa SE, Graham RM. Arterial dissections: Common features and new perspectives. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1055862. [PMID: 36561772 PMCID: PMC9763901 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1055862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial dissections, which involve an abrupt tear in the wall of a major artery resulting in the intramural accumulation of blood, are a family of catastrophic disorders causing major, potentially fatal sequelae. Involving diverse vascular beds, including the aorta or coronary, cervical, pulmonary, and visceral arteries, each type of dissection is devastating in its own way. Traditionally they have been studied in isolation, rather than collectively, owing largely to the distinct clinical consequences of dissections in different anatomical locations - such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and renal failure. Here, we review the shared and unique features of these arteriopathies to provide a better understanding of this family of disorders. Arterial dissections occur commonly in the young to middle-aged, and often in conjunction with hypertension and/or migraine; the latter suggesting they are part of a generalized vasculopathy. Genetic studies as well as cellular and molecular investigations of arterial dissections reveal striking similarities between dissection types, particularly their pathophysiology, which includes the presence or absence of an intimal tear and vasa vasorum dysfunction as a cause of intramural hemorrhage. Pathway perturbations common to all types of dissections include disruption of TGF-β signaling, the extracellular matrix, the cytoskeleton or metabolism, as evidenced by the finding of mutations in critical genes regulating these processes, including LRP1, collagen genes, fibrillin and TGF-β receptors, or their coupled pathways. Perturbances in these connected signaling pathways contribute to phenotype switching in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells of the affected artery, in which their physiological quiescent state is lost and replaced by a proliferative activated phenotype. Of interest, dissections in various anatomical locations are associated with distinct sex and age predilections, suggesting involvement of gene and environment interactions in disease pathogenesis. Importantly, these cellular mechanisms are potentially therapeutically targetable. Consideration of arterial dissections as a collective pathology allows insight from the better characterized dissection types, such as that involving the thoracic aorta, to be leveraged to inform the less common forms of dissections, including the potential to apply known therapeutic interventions already clinically available for the former.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique Bax
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Valentin Romanov
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Keerat Junday
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Eleni Giannoulatou
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason C. Kovacic
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Renjing Liu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Siiri E. Iismaa
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert M. Graham
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hildebrand S, Ibrahim M, Schlitzer A, Maegdefessel L, Röll W, Pfeifer A. PDGF regulates guanylate cyclase expression and cGMP signaling in vascular smooth muscle. Commun Biol 2022; 5:197. [PMID: 35241778 PMCID: PMC8894477 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nitric oxide-cGMP (NO-cGMP) pathway is of outstanding importance for vascular homeostasis and has multiple beneficial effects in vascular disease. Neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury is caused by increased proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, the role of NO-cGMP signaling in human VSMCs in this process is still not fully understood. Here, we investigate the interaction between platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-signaling, one of the major contributors to neointimal hyperplasia, and the cGMP pathway in vascular smooth muscle, focusing on NO-sensitive soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). We show that PDGF reduces sGC expression by activating PI3K and Rac1, which in turn alters Notch ligand signaling. These data are corroborated by gene expression analysis in human atheromas, as well as immunohistological analysis of diseased and injured arteries. Collectively, our data identify the crosstalk between PDGF and NO/sGC signaling pathway in human VSMCs as a potential target to tackle neointimal hyperplasia. PDGF reduces expression of nitric oxide-sensitive soluble guanylyl cyclase (NO-sGC) through PI3K-P-Rex1-Rac1 signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells. These insights provide possible avenues to prevent dysregulation of NO/cGMP signaling in vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Staffan Hildebrand
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Quantitative Systems Biology, LIMES-Institute (Life and Medical Sciences Bonn), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlitzer
- Quantitative Systems Biology, LIMES-Institute (Life and Medical Sciences Bonn), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Experimental Vascular Surgery and Medicine, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar - Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wilhelm Röll
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Simonneau G, Dorfmüller P, Guignabert C, Mercier O, Humbert M. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: the magic of pathophysiology. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 11:106-119. [PMID: 35433354 PMCID: PMC9012195 DOI: 10.21037/acs-2021-pte-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare and underdiagnosed complication of acute pulmonary embolism (APE). CTEPH is a common cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) with distinct management strategy including pulmonary endarterectomy, balloon pulmonary angioplasty, long-term anticoagulation and PH drugs targeting endothelial cell dysfunction. Initially, PH in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) was thought to be due exclusively to the intravascular obstruction of pulmonary arteries by unresolved fibrotic clots. However, it is now well accepted that pulmonary vascular remodelling can include significant pulmonary microvasculopathy, which plays a role in the development of CTEPH. The histological description and clinical consequences of CTEPH microvasculopathy are now better understood. These lesions may involve not only small muscular pulmonary arteries <500 µm, but also pulmonary capillaries and veins. In addition, enlargement and proliferation of systemic bronchial arteries as well as anastomoses between the systemic and pulmonary circulations contribute to the development of microvasculopathy. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of CTEPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérald Simonneau
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension Referral Centre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Giessen/Marburg, Giessen, Germany
- German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension Referral Centre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Regulation of bFGF-induced effects on rat aortic smooth muscle cells by β3-adrenergic receptors. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100094. [PMID: 35300074 PMCID: PMC8920869 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration play an important role in vascular injury-induced neointima formation and subsequent vascular restenosis, a major event that hinders the long-term success of angioplasty. The function of β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs) in vascular injury-induced neointima formation has not yet been defined. Objectives Our current study explored the possible role of β3-ARs in vascular injury-induced neointima formation by testing its effects on bFGF-induced VSMC migration and proliferation. Methods β3-AR expression in rat carotid arteries was examined at 14 days following a balloon catheter-induced injury. The effects of β3-AR activation on bFGF-induced rat aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and signaling transduction (including extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase, ERK/MAPK and Protein kinase B, AKT) were tested. Results We found that vascular injury induced upregulation of β3-ARs in neointima. Pretreatment of VSMCs with a selective β3-AR agonist, CL316,243 significantly potentiated bFGF-induced cell migration and proliferation, and ERK and AKT phosphorylation. Our results also revealed that suppressing phosphorylation of ERK and AKT blocked bFGF-induced cell migration and that inhibiting AKT phosphorylation reduced bFGF-mediated cell proliferation. Conclusion Our results suggest that activation of β3-ARs potentiates bFGF-mediated effects on VSMCs by enhancing bFGF-mediated ERK and AKT phosphorylation and that β3-ARs may play a role in vascular injury-induced neointima formation. β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) expression was upregulated in the newly formed intima following rat carotid artery injury. Activation of β3-ARs potentiated bFGF-induced VSMC migration and proliferation and phosphorylation of ERK and/or AKT. Inhibition of ERK or AKT pathways decreased bFGF-induced cell migration. Inhibition of AKT pathway decreased bFGF-induced cell proliferation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Phytochemical Contents and Pharmacological Potential of Parkia speciosa Hassk. for Diabetic Vasculopathy: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020431. [PMID: 35204313 PMCID: PMC8869085 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and is considered a major health problem in the world. It is associated with endothelial dysfunction which causes progressive vascular damage. DM is a known risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications such as peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, and stroke. Medicinal plants may act as an alternative resource or adjunctive treatment option in the treatment of diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Parkia speciosa (Fabaceae) is a plant found abundantly in the Southeast Asian region. Its seeds, with or without pods, and roots have long been used as a traditional medicine in this region to treat hypertension and diabetes. Studies have shown its numerous beneficial pharmacological properties. Extracts of P. speciosa, particularly from its seeds and empty pods, show the presence of polyphenols. They also exhibit potent antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive properties. Its hypoglycemic properties are reported to be associated with the presence of β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and stigmat-4-en-3-one. The current review aimed to provide an overview of the current status of P. speciosa, its pharmacological potential, and its phytochemical content in attenuating diabetic vasculopathy. Glycemic status, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hyperlipidemia are known to play pivotal roles in the initiation and severity of diabetic cardiovascular diseases; thus, targeting these factors might be beneficial for preventing and/or treating diabetic vasculopathy.
Collapse
|
9
|
Maida CD, Daidone M, Pacinella G, Norrito RL, Pinto A, Tuttolomondo A. Diabetes and Ischemic Stroke: An Old and New Relationship an Overview of the Close Interaction between These Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042397. [PMID: 35216512 PMCID: PMC8877605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a comprehensive expression to identify a condition of chronic hyperglycemia whose causes derive from different metabolic disorders characterized by altered insulin secretion or faulty insulin effect on its targets or often both mechanisms. Diabetes and atherosclerosis are, from the point of view of cardio- and cerebrovascular risk, two complementary diseases. Beyond shared aspects such as inflammation and oxidative stress, there are multiple molecular mechanisms by which they feed off each other: chronic hyperglycemia and advanced glycosylation end-products (AGE) promote ‘accelerated atherosclerosis’ through the induction of endothelial damage and cellular dysfunction. These diseases impact the vascular system and, therefore, the risk of developing cardio- and cerebrovascular events is now evident, but the observation of this significant correlation has its roots in past decades. Cerebrovascular complications make diabetic patients 2–6 times more susceptible to a stroke event and this risk is magnified in younger individuals and in patients with hypertension and complications in other vascular beds. In addition, when patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia experience an acute ischemic stroke, they are more likely to die or be severely disabled and less likely to benefit from the one FDA-approved therapy, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Experimental stroke models have revealed that chronic hyperglycemia leads to deficits in cerebrovascular structure and function that may explain some of the clinical observations. Increased edema, neovascularization, and protease expression as well as altered vascular reactivity and tone may be involved and point to potential therapeutic targets. Further study is needed to fully understand this complex disease state and the breadth of its manifestation in the cerebrovasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Domenico Maida
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine PhD Programme, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.M.); (A.T.)
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Mario Daidone
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.N.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gaetano Pacinella
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Rosario Luca Norrito
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio Pinto
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine PhD Programme, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.M.); (A.T.)
- U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.P.); (R.L.N.); (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dudhe R, Dudhe AC, Raut SD. Significance of Inorganic Nitrate Supplement in Cardiovascular Health. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2022; 20:83-89. [PMID: 33906593 DOI: 10.2174/1871525719666210427130511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Nitric Oxide (NO) is frequently produced by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is crucial for the control and effectiveness of the cardiovascular system. However, there is a substantial reduction in NOS activity with aging that can lead to the development of hypertension and other cardiovascular obstacles. Fortunately, NO can also be produced by sequential reduction of inorganic nitrates supplementation. This proves that NO from inorganic nitrate supplements can compensate for inadequate NOS activity, thus providing cardio protective benefits. DISCUSSION This review focuses on the general information about nitrous oxide, its types and mechanism of action and the fact that overview of inadequate NOS activity for cardio protective benefits was often studied for cardiovascular treatments. CONCLUSION We concluded that the natural plant NO is essential for cardiovascular activity to target site with desired concentration. Moreover, the researchers focused on evidence that suggested that nitrate supplementation could help regulate blood pressure, limit progression of atherosclerosis, and improve myocardial contractility in both healthy individuals and those with cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Dudhe
- School of Pharmacy, G H Raisoni University, Saikheda, Chhindwara-480337, M.P., India
| | - Anshu C Dudhe
- School of Pharmacy, G H Raisoni University, Saikheda, Chhindwara-480337, M.P., India
| | - Shravan D Raut
- School of Pharmacy, G H Raisoni University, Saikheda, Chhindwara-480337, M.P., India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ekholm M, Kahan T. The Impact of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System on Inflammation, Coagulation, and Atherothrombotic Complications, and to Aggravated COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:640185. [PMID: 34220496 PMCID: PMC8245685 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.640185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is considered a disease caused by a chronic inflammation, associated with endothelial dysfunction, and several mediators of inflammation are up-regulated in subjects with atherosclerotic disease. Healthy, intact endothelium exhibits an antithrombotic, protective surface between the vascular lumen and vascular smooth muscle cells in the vessel wall. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between anti- and prooxidants, with a subsequent increase of reactive oxygen species, leading to tissue damage. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is of vital importance in the pathobiology of vascular disease. Convincing data indicate that angiotensin II accelerates hypertension and augments the production of reactive oxygen species. This leads to the generation of a proinflammatory phenotype in human endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells by the up-regulation of adhesion molecules, chemokines and cytokines. In addition, angiotensin II also seems to increase thrombin generation, possibly via a direct impact on tissue factor. However, the mechanism of cross-talk between inflammation and haemostasis can also contribute to prothrombotic states in inflammatory environments. Thus, blocking of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system might be an approach to reduce both inflammatory and thrombotic complications in high-risk patients. During COVID-19, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may be activated. The levels of angiotensin II could contribute to the ongoing inflammation, which might result in a cytokine storm, a complication that significantly impairs prognosis. At the outbreak of COVID-19 concerns were raised about the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blocker drugs in patients with COVID-19 and hypertension or other cardiovascular comorbidities. However, the present evidence is in favor of continuing to use of these drugs. Based on experimental evidence, blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system might even exert a potentially protective influence in the setting of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ekholm
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Kahan
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Golshiri K, Ataei Ataabadi E, Rubio-Beltran E, Dutheil S, Yao W, Snyder GL, Davis RE, van der Pluijm I, Brandt R, Van den Berg-Garrelds IM, MaassenVanDenBrink A, de Vries R, Danser AHJ, Roks AJM. Selective Phosphodiesterase 1 Inhibition Ameliorates Vascular Function, Reduces Inflammatory Response, and Lowers Blood Pressure in Aging Animals. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 378:173-183. [PMID: 34099502 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diminished nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated relaxation plays a crucial role in cardiovascular aging, leading to decreased vasodilation, vascular hypertrophy and stiffening, and ultimately, cardiovascular dysfunction. Aging is the time-related worsening of physiologic function due to complex cellular and molecular interactions, and it is at least partly driven by DNA damage. Genetic deletion of the DNA repair enzyme ERCC1 endonuclease in Ercc1Δ/- mice provides us an efficient tool to accelerate vascular aging, explore mechanisms, and test potential treatments. Previously, we identified the cGMP-degrading enzyme phosphodiesterase 1 as a potential treatment target in vascular aging. In the present study, we studied the effect of acute and chronic treatment with ITI-214, a selective phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitor on vascular aging features in Ercc1Δ/- mice. Compared with wild-type mice, Ercc1Δ/- mice at the age of 14 weeks showed decreased reactive hyperemia, diminished endothelium-dependent and -independent responses of arteries in organ baths, carotid wall hypertrophy, and elevated circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines. Acute ITI-214 treatment in organ baths restored the arterial endothelium-independent vasodilation in Ercc1Δ/- mice. An 8-week treatment with 100 mg/kg per day ITI-214 improved endothelium-independent relaxation in both aorta and coronary arteries, at least partly restored the diminished reactive hyperemia, lowered the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, normalized the carotid hypertrophy, and ameliorated inflammatory responses exclusively in Ercc1Δ/- mice. These findings suggest phosphodiesterase 1 inhibition would provide a powerful tool for nitric oxide-cGMP augmentation and have significant therapeutic potential to battle arteriopathy related to aging. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The findings implicate the key role of phosphodiesterase 1 in vascular function and might be of clinical importance for the prevention of mortalities and morbidities related to vascular complications during aging, as well as for patients with progeria that show a high risk of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keivan Golshiri
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Ehsan Ataei Ataabadi
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Eloísa Rubio-Beltran
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Sophie Dutheil
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Wei Yao
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Gretchen L Snyder
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Robert E Davis
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Ingrid van der Pluijm
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Renata Brandt
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Ingrid M Van den Berg-Garrelds
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - René de Vries
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| | - Anton J M Roks
- Dept. of Internal Medicine (K.G., E.A.A., E.R.-B., I.M.V.d.B.-G., A.M., R.d.V., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.), Dept. of Molecular Genetics (I.v.d.P., R.B.), Dept. of Vascular Surgery (I.v.d.P.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, New York (S.D., W.Y., G.L.S., R.E.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rai N, Shihan M, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Novoyatleva T. Genetic Delivery and Gene Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031179. [PMID: 33503992 PMCID: PMC7865388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive complex fatal disease of multiple etiologies. Hyperproliferation and resistance to apoptosis of vascular cells of intimal, medial, and adventitial layers of pulmonary vessels trigger excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction in the course of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a subgroup of PH. Multiple gene mutation/s or dysregulated gene expression contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH by endorsing the proliferation and promoting the resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular cells. Given the vital role of these cells in PAH progression, the development of safe and efficient-gene therapeutic approaches that lead to restoration or down-regulation of gene expression, generally involved in the etiology of the disease is the need of the hour. Currently, none of the FDA-approved drugs provides a cure against PH, hence innovative tools may offer a novel treatment paradigm for this progressive and lethal disorder by silencing pathological genes, expressing therapeutic proteins, or through gene-editing applications. Here, we review the effectiveness and limitations of the presently available gene therapy approaches for PH. We provide a brief survey of commonly existing and currently applicable gene transfer methods for pulmonary vascular cells in vitro and describe some more recent developments for gene delivery existing in the field of PH in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabham Rai
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Mazen Shihan
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Werner Seeger
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Iritas SB, Dip A, Gunduzoz M, Tutkun L, Turksoy VA, Deniz S, Tekin G, Oztan O, Unlu A. Assessment of potential cardiovascular risk in trichloroethylene exposure by serum methylated arginine levels. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:63-74. [PMID: 31232082 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1628927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a widely used solvent in industrial applications and has toxic effects on various systems. Methylated arginine amino acids (eg asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethyl arginine (SDMA)) cause the development of cardiovascular disease by inhibiting NO synthesis, which is considered to be heart-protector. The aim of this study is to determine the risk of cardiovascular diseases in TCE exposure by methylated arginine biomarkers. About 98 controls and 100 TCE-exposed male subjects were included in the study. Trichloroacetic acid (urinary metabolite of TCE), arginine, homoarginine, citrulline ADMA, SDMA, and N-monomethyl L-arginine (L-NMMA) levels were found significantly higher than control group (p < 0.001). The strongest correlation was found between ADMA and Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) level (r = 0.453, p < 0.01). Long-term TCE exposure, may be an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases by increasing methylated arginine levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Servet Birgin Iritas
- Department of Ankara Branch Directorate, The Council of Forensic Medicine , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aybike Dip
- Department of Chemistry, The Council of Forensic Medicine , Adana, Turkey
| | - Meside Gunduzoz
- Department of Family Medicine, Ankara Occupational Diseases Hospital Ankara , Turkey
| | - Lutfiye Tutkun
- Department of Biochemistry, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine , Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Vugar Ali Turksoy
- Department of Public Health , Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Serdar Deniz
- Unit of Community Health Center, Provincial Health Directorate , Malatya, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Tekin
- Vocational School of Health Sciences, Selcuk University , Konya, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Oztan
- Department of Medical Management, HLC Medical Center , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Unlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine , Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Teoh JP, Li X, Simoncini T, Zhu D, Fu X. Estrogen-Mediated Gaseous Signaling Molecules in Cardiovascular Disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:773-784. [PMID: 32682630 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gender difference is well recognized as a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Estrogen, the primary female sex hormone, improves cardiovascular functions through receptor (ERα, ERβ, or G protein-coupled estrogen receptor)-initiated genomic or non-genomic mechanisms. Gaseous signaling molecules, including nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO), are important regulators of cardiovascular function. Recent studies have demonstrated that estrogen regulates the production of these signaling molecules in cardiovascular cells to exert its cardiovascular protective effects. We discuss current understanding of gaseous signaling molecules in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the underlying mechanisms through which estrogen exerts cardiovascular protective effects by regulating these molecules, and how these findings can be translated to improve the health of postmenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Peng Teoh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosa Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China
| | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, P.R. China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mohsenzadeh MS, Razavi BM, Imenshahidi M, Mohajeri SA, Rameshrad M, Hosseinzadeh H. Evaluation of green tea extract and epigallocatechin gallate effects on bisphenol A-induced vascular toxicity in isolated rat aorta and cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Phytother Res 2020; 35:996-1009. [PMID: 32893422 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess bisphenol A (BPA)-induced vascular toxicity, the effectiveness of green tea extract and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against BPA toxicity, and possible underlying mechanisms. In isolated rat aorta, contractile and relaxant responses as well as malondialdehyde levels were evaluated. Cell viability and effects on the protein levels of apoptotic (bax, bcl2, and caspase-3), autophagic (LC3), and cell adhesion molecules were calculated using the MTT method and western blotting in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). BPA increased aorta MDA levels (p < .0001) and decreased vascular responses to KCl [20 and 40 mM (p < .0001), 80 mM (p < .001)], phenylephrine [10-8 , 10-6 , and 10-5 M (p < .001), 10-7 and 10-4 M (p < .0001)], and acetylcholine [10-6 M (p < .01), 10-5 and 10-4 M (p < .0001)]. In HUVECs, BPA enhanced the levels of LC3A/B, bax/bcl2 ratio, cleaved caspase-3, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Green tea extract, EGCG, and vitamin E co-treatment with BPA diminished the toxic effects of BPA. These findings provide evidence that green tea extract and EGCG possess beneficial effects in preventing BPA-induced vascular toxicity through increasing the antioxidant activities and the regulation of signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Sadat Mohsenzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bibi Marjan Razavi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Rameshrad
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kang H, Sun A, Wu Q, Yang J, Zhang W, Qu Y, Gao M, Deng X. Atherogenic diet-diminished endothelial glycocalyx contributes to impaired vasomotor properties in rat. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H814-H823. [PMID: 32822214 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00039.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia- and atherosclerosis-caused vasomotor property dysfunction may be involved in many clinic manifestations of atherosclerosis, including angina, acute myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. However, its underlying mechanism is not clear. The endothelial glycocalyx is a protective surface layer on the endothelial cells, serving as a molecular sieve, cell adhesion modulator, and mechanosensor for blood flow. In the present study, we demonstrated by confocal microscopy in Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats fed a 12-wk high-cholesterol diet (HC) compared with the normal diet (NC) that the dimension of the endothelial glycocalyx reduced significantly in both the common carotid artery (2.89 ± 0.41 µm and 3.25 ± 0.44 μm, respectively) and the internal sinus region (2.35 ± 0.07 µm and 3.46 ± 0.86 μm, respectively). Furthermore, we showed by real-time PCR that this dimension modification of endothelial glycocalyx may be attributed to a significant downregulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)-related genes, including syndecan-3, glypican-1, and EXT1, not resulting from an enhanced shedding of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs) from the vessel wall to the plasma. Meanwhile, the mean contraction and relaxation forces of the common carotid artery with responses to norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh) decreased ~0.34- and 0.13-fold, respectively, accompanied by a lower level of nitric oxide (NO) release. These findings suggest that the atherogenic high cholesterol diet diminished endothelial glycocalyx and disturbed the local NO release, thus contributing to the impaired vasomotor properties of the vessel.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Twelve-week high-cholesterol (HC) diet reduces the thickness of the endothelial glycocalyx in Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats, which is mainly attributed to a downregulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan-related genes (syndecan-3, glypican-1, EXT1), not resulting from an enhanced shedding of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs) into the plasma. HC-diminished glycocalyx may disturb its mechanotransduction of local shear stress, lower nitric oxide (NO) release, and impair vasomotor responses to norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Kang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Anqiang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Weichen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Qu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Menghan Gao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu CD, Chen F. Increase of wall shear stress caused by arteriovenous fistula reduces neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation in healthy arteries. Vascular 2020; 28:396-404. [PMID: 32228224 DOI: 10.1177/1708538120913748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Wall shear stress plays a critical role in neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation. It has been found that there is an inverse relation between wall shear stress and neointimal hyperplasia. This study hypothesized that the increase of arterial wall shear stress caused by arteriovenous fistula could reduce neointimal hyperplasia after stents implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-six male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: STENT, rabbits received stent implantation into right common carotid artery; STENT/arteriovenous fistula, rabbits received stent implantation into right common carotid artery and carotid-jugular arteriovenous fistula; Control, rabbits received no treatment. After 21 days, stented common carotid artery specimens were harvested for histological staining and protein expression analysis. In STENT group, wall shear stress maintained at a low level from 43.2 to 48.9% of baseline. In STENT/arteriovenous fistula group, wall shear stress gradually increased to 86% over baseline. There was a more significant neointimal hyperplasia in group STENT compared with the STENT/arteriovenous fistula group (neointima area: 0.87 mm2 versus 0.19 mm2; neointima-to-media area ratio: 1.13 versus 0.18). Western blot analysis demonstrated that the protein level of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in STENT group was significantly lower than that in STENT/arteriovenous fistula group, but the protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (Pp38), and phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase in STENT group were significantly higher than that in the STENT group. CONCLUSION High wall shear stress caused by arteriovenous fistula as associated with the induction in neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation. The underlying mechanisms may be related to modulating the expression and activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Dong Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Azemi AK, Mokhtar SS, Rasool AHG. Clinacanthus nutans: Its potential against diabetic vascular diseases. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000118838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
20
|
Abstract
The microcirculation maintains tissue homeostasis through local regulation of blood flow and oxygen delivery. Perturbations in microvascular function are characteristic of several diseases and may be early indicators of pathological changes in the cardiovascular system and in parenchymal tissue function. These changes are often mediated by various reactive oxygen species and linked to disruptions in pathways such as vasodilation or angiogenesis. This overview compiles recent advances relating to redox regulation of the microcirculation by adopting both cellular and functional perspectives. Findings from a variety of vascular beds and models are integrated to describe common effects of different reactive species on microvascular function. Gaps in understanding and areas for further research are outlined. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:229-260, 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O Kadlec
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Strela FB, Brun BF, Berger RCM, Melo S, de Oliveira EM, Barauna VG, Vassallo PF. Lipopolysaccharide exposure modulates the contractile and migratory phenotypes of vascular smooth muscle cells. Life Sci 2019; 241:117098. [PMID: 31794773 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis survivors are at higher risk for cardiovascular events. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in sepsis. Activation of TLR4 modulates vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotype and contributes to cardiovascular changes after sepsis. AIM Investigate changes in VSMCs phenotype caused by LPS-induced TLR4 activation. METHODS Rat VSMCs were incubated with LPS. Two incubation conditions were used in cell contraction and migration assays: acute stimulation - LPS stimulus was initiated at the beginning of the assay and maintained throughout; and preconditioning - LPS stimulation was applied prior to the assay then discontinued. Nitric oxide (NO) production, mRNA expression of cytokines and phenotype markers, and interleukin (IL)-6 production were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS LPS increased gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα and MCP-1 (p < .001), of secretory phenotype markers collagen and vimentin (p < .0479) and of the contractile marker smooth muscle 22α (SM22α) (p = .0067). LPS exposure increased IL-6 secretion after 24 and 48 h (p < .0001), and NO at 8 and 24 h (p < .0249) via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), as demonstrated by a decrease in NO after incubation with aminoguanidine. Acute stimulation with LPS reduced migration and contraction in a NO-dependent manner, while preconditioning with LPS increased both in an IL-6-dependent manner. SIGNIFICANCE LPS affects VSMCs by modulating their secretory, contractile and migratory phenotypes. LPS acute stimulation of VSMCs promoted a NO-dependent reduction in migration and contraction, while preconditioning with LPS promoted IL-6-dependent increases in migration and contraction, evidencing that VSMCs can present phenotype modifications that persist after sepsis, thereby contributing to postsepsis cardiovascular events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Bichi Strela
- Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ferro Brun
- Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Stephano Melo
- Department of Biodynamics of the Human Body's Movement, University of São Paulo, SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Valério Garrone Barauna
- Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil; Exercise Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Paula Frizera Vassallo
- Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil; Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ivy JL. Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation for Cardiovascular Health. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2019; 15:200-206. [PMID: 31687099 DOI: 10.14797/mdcj-15-3-200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is continually produced by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is essential to the control and effectiveness of the cardiovascular system. However, there is a substantial reduction in NOS activity with aging that can lead to the development of hypertension and other cardiovascular complications. Fortunately, NO can also be produced by the sequential reduction of inorganic nitrate to nitrite and then to NO. Nitric oxide from inorganic nitrate supplementation has been found to have the same cardioprotective benefits of NO produced by NOS. Moreover, it can effectively compensate for declining NOS activity due to aging or NOS inhibition by oxidative stress, hypoxia, or other factors. This review covers some of the major cardiovascular regulatory actions of NO and presents evidence that NO from inorganic nitrate supplementation can provide (1) compensation when NOS activity is inadequate, and (2) cardioprotective benefits beyond that provided by a healthy NOS system. In addition, it discusses how to obtain a safe and efficacious range of inorganic nitrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John L Ivy
- UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, AUSTIN, TEXAS
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen YF, Dugas TR. Endothelial mitochondrial senescence accelerates cardiovascular disease in antiretroviral-receiving HIV patients. Toxicol Lett 2019; 317:13-23. [PMID: 31562912 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been hugely successful in reducing the mortality associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, resulting in a growing population of people living with HIV (PLWH). Since PLWH now have a longer life expectancy, chronic comorbidities have become the focus of the clinical management of HIV. For example, cardiovascular complications are now one of the most prevalent causes of death in PLWH. Numerous epidemiological studies show that antiretroviral treatment increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and early onset of CVD in PLWH. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are the backbone of cART, and two NRTIs are typically used in combination with one drug from another drug class, e.g., a fusion inhibitor. NRTIs are known to induce mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to toxicity in numerous tissues, such as myopathy, lipoatrophy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. In in vitro studies, short-term NRTI treatment induces an endothelial dysfunction with an increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; long-term NRTI treatment decreases cell replication capacity, while increasing mtROS production and senescent cell accumulation. These findings suggest that a mitochondrial oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of NRTI-induced endothelial dysfunction and premature senescence. Mitochondrial dysfunction, defined by a compromised mitochondrial quality control via biogenesis and mitophagy, has a causal role in premature endothelial senescence and can potentially initiate early cardiovascular disease (CVD) development in PLWH. In this review, we explore the hypothesis and present literature supporting that long-term NRTI treatment induces vascular dysfunction by interfering with endothelial mitochondrial homeostasis and provoking mitochondrial genomic instability, resulting in premature endothelial senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Chen
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, United States
| | - Tammy R Dugas
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The Yin and Yang of carbon nanomaterials in atherosclerosis. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2232-2247. [PMID: 30342084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With unique characteristics such as high surface area, capacity of various functionalization, low weight, high conductivity, thermal and chemical stability, and free radical scavenging, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fullerene, graphene (oxide), carbon nanohorns (CNHs), and their derivatives have increasingly been utilized in nanomedicine and biomedicine. On the one hand, owing to ever-increasing applications of CNMs in technological and industrial fields as well as presence of combustion-derived CNMs in the ambient air, the skepticism has risen over the adverse effects of CNMs on human being. The influences of CNMs on cardiovascular system and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis, of which consequences are ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke, as the main causes of death, is of paramount importance. In this regard, several studies have been devoted to specify the biomedical applications and cardiovascular toxicity of CNMs. Therefore, the aim of this review is to specify the roles and applications of various CNMs in atherosclerosis, and also identify the key role playing parameters in cardiovascular toxicity of CNMs so as to be a clue for prospective deployment of CNMs.
Collapse
|
25
|
Luo J, Wei D, Li D, Wang L. Nitric oxide functions in stromal cell-derived factor-1-induced cytoskeleton changes and the migration of Jurkat cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6685-6690. [PMID: 30405809 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) regulates multiple cell signal pathways in a variety of cellular functions, including cell migration, proliferation, survival and angiogenesis. SDF-1-induced chemotaxis is an important step of lymphocyte migration. However, the molecular mechanisms that modulate SDF-1-mediated lymphocyte migration are not well identified. Nitric oxide (NO) has been found to function as a signaling molecule in a number of signaling pathways, including migration. In the present study, the potential role of NO in SDF-1-induced migration and the association between NO and the cytoskeletal changes of Jurkat cells was investigated. The present study demonstrated that Jurkat cells induced the production of NO by SDF-1 stimulation, using Griess reaction method and western blot analysis, and that NO was involved in SDF-1-induced rearrangement and polymerization of the cytoskeleton, using NOS inhibitor L-NMMA. Furthermore, NO was required for the migration of Jurkat cells. The research suggested that NO signaling pathways exerted a critical role in SDF-1-induced cytoskeleton changes and the migration of Jurkat cells. This work provides insight into the migration mechanism of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and provides an effective theoretical basis for therapy strategies for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jixian Luo
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wei
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Dingyun Li
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rink JS, Sun W, Misener S, Wang JJ, Zhang ZJ, Kibbe MR, Dravid VP, Venkatraman S, Thaxton CS. Nitric Oxide-Delivering High-Density Lipoprotein-like Nanoparticles as a Biomimetic Nanotherapy for Vascular Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:6904-6916. [PMID: 29385802 PMCID: PMC8495904 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of blood vessels cause a range of severe health problems. As a powerful vasodilator and cellular second messenger, nitric oxide (NO) is known to have beneficial vascular functions. However, NO typically has a short half-life and is not specifically targeted. On the other hand, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are targeted natural nanoparticles (NPs) that transport cholesterol in the systemic circulation and whose protective effects in vascular homeostasis overlap with those of NO. Evolving the AuNP-templated HDL-like nanoparticles (HDL NPs), a platform of bioinspired HDL, we set up a targeted biomimetic nanotherapy for vascular disease that combines the functions of NO and HDL. A synthetic S-nitrosylated (SNO) phospholipid (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphonitrosothioethanol) was synthesized and assembled with S-containing phospholipids and the principal protein of HDL, apolipoprotein A-I, to construct NO-delivering HDL-like particles (SNO HDL NPs). SNO HDL NPs self-assemble under mild conditions similar to natural processes, avoiding the complex postassembly modification needed for most synthetic NO-release nanoparticles. In vitro data demonstrate that the SNO HDL NPs merge the functional properties of NO and HDL into a targeted nanocarrier. Also, SNO HDL NPs were demonstrated to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo in a mouse kidney transplant model and atherosclerotic plaque burden in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Thus, the synthesis of SNO HDL NPs provides not only a bioinspired nanotherapy for vascular disease but also a foundation to construct diversified multifunctional platforms based on HDL NPs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S. Rink
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Wangqiang Sun
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Sol Misener
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Jiao-Jing Wang
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, 303 East Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Zheng Jenny Zhang
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, 303 East Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Melina R. Kibbe
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Surgery, 101 Manning Dr., Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Vinayak P. Dravid
- Northwestern University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
- Northwestern University, Applied Physics Program, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
- Northwestern University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, IL60208, United States
| | - Subbu Venkatraman
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - C. Shad Thaxton
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, IL60208, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
- Corresponding Author
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase overexpressing human early outgrowth cells inhibit coronary artery smooth muscle cell migration through paracrine functions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:877. [PMID: 29343714 PMCID: PMC5772515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells mobilized from the bone marrow can contribute to endothelial regeneration and repair. Nevertheless, cardiovascular diseases are associated with diminished numbers and function of these cells, attenuating their healing potential. Gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) can restore the activity of circulating cells. Furthermore, estrogen accelerates the reendothelialization capacity of early outgrowth cells (EOCs). We hypothesized that overexpressing eNOS alone or in combination with estrogen stimulation in EOCs would potentiate the beneficial effects of these cells in regulating smooth muscle cell (SMC) function. Native human EOCs did not have any effect on human coronary artery SMC (hCASMC) proliferation or migration. Transfecting EOCs with a human eNOS plasmid and/or stimulating with 17β-estradiol (E2) increased NO production 3-fold and enhanced EOC survival. Moreover, in co-culture studies, eNOS overexpressing or E2-stimulated EOCs reduced hCASMC migration (by 23% and 56% respectively), vs. control EOCs. These effects do not implicate ERK1/2 or focal adhesion kinases. Nevertheless, NOS-EOCs had no effect on hCASMC proliferation. These results suggest that overexpressing or activating eNOS in EOCs increases their survival and enhances their capacity to regulate SMC migration through paracrine effects. These data elucidate how eNOS overexpression or activation in EOCs can prevent vascular remodeling.
Collapse
|
28
|
Dong P, Liu M, Liu C. Exenatide Inhibits the K Ca3.1 Channels of Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle in Diabetic Rats. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2017; 33:648-655. [PMID: 29167619 PMCID: PMC5694930 DOI: 10.6515/acs20170612b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND KCa3.1 ion channels play an important role during atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the effect of exenatide on KCa3.1 expression in aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of diabetic rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC), diabetes model (DM), and exenatide treatment (ET) groups. Hematoxylin and eosin and α-actin immunohistochemical staining were used to detect changes in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect changes in KCa3.1 mRNA and protein levels, respectively. RESULTS Aortic tissue staining in the DM group revealed an absence of smooth or integrated endothelium, increased smooth muscle cell proliferation in the media, smooth muscle hyperplasia, disorganized smooth muscle cells, and an increased number of collagen fibers, relative to the NC and ET groups. KCa3.1 mRNA expression was higher in the DM group than in the NC and ET groups. Similarly, the KCa3.1 protein level was higher in the DM group than in the NC and ET groups. The KCa3.1 protein level did not significantly differ between the ET and NC groups. CONCLUSIONS Exenatide could inhibit the expression of the KCa3.1 channel in VSMCs of diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Minglong Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004
| | - Chaofeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 710021, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fishbein I, Guerrero DT, Alferiev IS, Foster JB, Minutolo NG, Chorny M, Monteys AM, Driesbaugh KH, Nagaswami C, Levy RJ. Stent-based delivery of adeno-associated viral vectors with sustained vascular transduction and iNOS-mediated inhibition of in-stent restenosis. Gene Ther 2017; 24:717-726. [PMID: 28832561 PMCID: PMC5709213 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In-stent restenosis remains an important clinical problem in the era of drug eluting stents. Development of clinical gene therapy protocols for the prevention and treatment of in-stent restenosis is hampered by the lack of adequate local delivery systems. Herein we describe a novel stent-based gene delivery platform capable of providing local arterial gene transfer with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors. This system exploits the natural affinity of protein G (PrG) to bind to the Fc region of mammalian IgG, making PrG a universal adaptor for surface immobilization of vector-capturing antibodies (Ab). Our results: 1) demonstrate the feasibility of reversible immobilization of AAV2 vectors using vector tethering by AAV2-specific Ab appended to the stent surface through covalently attached PrG, 2) show sustained release kinetics of PrG/Ab-immobilized AAV2 vector particles into simulated physiological medium in vitro and site-specific transduction of cultured cells, 3) provide evidence of long-term (12 weeks) arterial expression of luciferase with PrG/Ab-tethered AAV2Luc, and 4) show anti-proliferative activity and anti-restenotic efficacy of stent-immobilized AAV2iNOS in the rat carotid artery model of stent angioplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Fishbein
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D T Guerrero
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - I S Alferiev
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J B Foster
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - N G Minutolo
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Chorny
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A M Monteys
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K H Driesbaugh
- The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Nagaswami
- The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R J Levy
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
de Oliveira MG, Doro FG, Tfouni E, Krieger MH. Phenotypic switching prevention and proliferation/migration inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cells by the ruthenium nitrosyl complex trans-[Ru(NO)Cl(cyclam](PF 6 ) 2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:1155-1165. [PMID: 28590566 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation at sites of vascular injury are both critical steps in the development of intimal hyperplasia (IH). Local delivery of nitric oxide (NO) largely prevents these events. Among the NO donors, tetraazamacrocyclic nitrosyl complexes, such as trans-[Ru(NO)Cl(cyclam)](PF6 )2 (cyclamNO), gained attention for their features, which include the possibility of being embedded in solid matrices, and ability to participate in a nitrite/NO catalytic conversion cycle. METHODS Methods used to evaluate cyclamNO activity: safety margin by NR and MTT; cell proliferation by 3H-thymidine incorporation and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression; antimigratory properties by transwell and wound healing; prevention of cell phenotypic switching under platelet-derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB) stimuli by analysis of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. KEY FINDINGS Cell proliferation and migration induced by PDGF-BB were significantly inhibited by cyclamNO. The ~60% reduction on expression of contractile protein α-SMA induced by PDGF-BB revealed VSMC phenotypic switching which is significantly prevented by cyclamNO. Compared to the NO donor sodium nitroprusside, cyclamNO showed to be significantly less cytotoxic. CONCLUSIONS With great potential to maintain VSMC functionality and prevent IH-associated events, cyclamNO might be a promissory drug for several applications in cardiovascular medicine, as in stents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cardiovascular, Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Celular e Fisiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio G Doro
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Elia Tfouni
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marta H Krieger
- Laboratório de Cardiovascular, Departamento de Anatomia, Biologia Celular e Fisiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
ATF3 reduces migration capacity by regulation of matrix metalloproteinases via NF κB and STAT3 inhibition in glioblastoma. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17006. [PMID: 28250971 PMCID: PMC5327503 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is associated with poor survival and a high recurrence rate in patients due to inevitable uncontrolled infiltrative tumor growth. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms may offer opportunities to prevent relapses. In this study we investigated the role of the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in migration of GBM cells in vitro. RNA microarray revealed that gene expression of ATF3 is induced by a variety of chemotherapeutics and experimental agents such as the nitric oxide donor JS-K (O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) 1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate). We found NFκB and STAT3 to be downstream targets inhibited by overexpression of ATF3. We demonstrate that ATF3 is directly involved in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression and activation. Overexpression of ATF3 therefore leads to a significantly reduced migration capacity and induction of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases. Our study for the first time identifies ATF3 as a potential novel therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
Collapse
|
32
|
Dong Y, Fernandes C, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wu H, Brophy ML, Deng L, Song K, Wen A, Wong S, Yan D, Towner R, Chen H. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling in diabetic endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2017; 14:14-23. [PMID: 27941052 PMCID: PMC5161113 DOI: 10.1177/1479164116666762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that diabetes mellitus accelerates atherosclerotic vascular disease. Endothelial injury has been proposed to be the initial event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Endothelium not only acts as a semi-selective barrier but also serves physiological and metabolic functions. Diabetes or high glucose in circulation triggers a series of intracellular responses and organ damage such as endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis. One such response is high glucose-induced chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress in the endothelium. The unfolded protein response is an acute reaction that enables cells to overcome endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, when chronically persistent, endoplasmic reticulum stress response could ultimately lead to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Herein, we discuss the scientific advances in understanding endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced endothelial dysfunction, the pathogenesis of diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress as a potential target in therapies for diabetic atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Dong
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, University of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan L Brophy
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kai Song
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aiyun Wen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott Wong
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daoguang Yan
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rheal Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fuseler JW, Valarmathi MT. Nitric Oxide Modulates Postnatal Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:133. [PMID: 27933292 PMCID: PMC5122209 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free-radical gas molecule, which is highly diffusible and can activate a wide range of downstream effectors, with rapid and widespread cellular effects. NO is a versatile signaling mediator with a plethora of cellular functions. For example, NO has been shown to regulate actin, the microfilament, dependent cellular functions, and also acts as a putative stem cell differentiation-inducing agent. In this study, using a wound-healing model of cellular migration, we have explored the effect of exogenous NO on the kinetics of movement and morphological changes in postnatal bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cellular migration kinetics and morphological changes of the migrating MSCs were measured in the presence of an NO donor (S-Nitroso-N-Acetyl-D,L-Penicillamine, SNAP), especially, to track the dynamics of single-cell responses. Two experimental conditions were assessed, in which SNAP (200 μM) was applied to the MSCs. In the first experimental group (SN-1), SNAP was applied immediately following wound formation, and migration kinetics were determined for 24 h. In the second experimental group (SN-2), MSCs were pretreated for 7 days with SNAP prior to wound formation and the determination of migration kinetics. The generated displacement curves were further analyzed by non-linear regression analysis. The migration displacement of the controls and NO treated MSCs (SN-1 and SN-2) was best described by a two parameter exponential functions expressing difference constant coefficients. Additionally, changes in the fractal dimension (D) of migrating MSCs were correlated with their displacement kinetics for all the three groups. Overall, these data suggest that NO may evidently function as a stop migration signal by disordering the cytoskeletal elements required for cell movement and proliferation of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Fuseler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mani T Valarmathi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen X, Qian S, Hoggatt A, Tang H, Hacker TA, Obukhov AG, Herring PB, Seye CI. Endothelial Cell-Specific Deletion of P2Y2 Receptor Promotes Plaque Stability in Atherosclerosis-Susceptible ApoE-Null Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 37:75-83. [PMID: 27856454 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nucleotide P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) contributes to vascular inflammation by increasing vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in endothelial cells (EC), and global P2Y2R deficiency prevents fatty streak formation in apolipoprotein E null (ApoE-/-) mice. Because P2Y2R is ubiquitously expressed in vascular cells, we investigated the contribution of endothelial P2Y2R in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient mice were generated by breeding VEcadherin5-Cre mice with the P2Y2R floxed mice. Endothelial P2Y2R deficiency reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and significantly altered ATP- and UTP (uridine 5'-triphosphate)-induced vasorelaxation without affecting vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine. Telemetric blood pressure and echocardiography measurements indicated that EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient mice did not develop hypertension. We investigated the role of endothelial P2Y2R in the development of atherosclerotic lesions by crossing the EC-specific P2Y2R knockout mice onto an ApoE-/- background and evaluated lesion development after feeding a standard chow diet for 25 weeks. Histopathologic examination demonstrated reduced atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic sinus and entire aorta, decreased macrophage infiltration, and increased smooth muscle cell and collagen content, leading to the formation of a subendothelial fibrous cap in EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient ApoE-/- mice. Expression and proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 was significantly reduced in atherosclerotic lesions from EC-specific P2Y2R-deficient ApoE-/- mice. Furthermore, EC-specific P2Y2R deficiency inhibited nitric oxide production, leading to significant increase in smooth muscle cell migration out of aortic explants. CONCLUSIONS EC-specific P2Y2R deficiency reduces atherosclerotic burden and promotes plaque stability in ApoE-/- mice through impaired macrophage infiltration acting together with reduced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and increased smooth muscle cell migration.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Purinergic P2Y Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2/deficiency
- Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2/genetics
- Rupture, Spontaneous
- Signal Transduction
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Chen
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Shaomin Qian
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - April Hoggatt
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Hongying Tang
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Alexander G Obukhov
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Paul B Herring
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.)
| | - Cheikh I Seye
- From the Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (X.C., S.Q., A.H., H.T., A.G.O., P.B.H., C.I.S.); and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison (T.A.H.).
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products mitigates vascular dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 419:165-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
36
|
Arterial Remodeling in B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Knock-Out Females. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25623. [PMID: 27162120 PMCID: PMC4861904 DOI: 10.1038/srep25623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphisms are recognized in cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, stroke, thrombosis and vasculitis. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a guanylyl cyclase A (GC-A) agonist. The anti-hypertensive, vasodilatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-hypertrophic properties of BNP are well established in male animal models. Although circulating BNP levels are higher in women, when compared to age-matched men, the cardiovascular protective propensity of BNP in females is poorly understood. We assessed the cardiovascular consequences of BNP deletion in genetically null (Nppb−/−) female rat lines. Throughout the study, blood pressure (BP) remained uninfluenced by genotype, and cardiorenal consequences of BNP knock out remained minor. Unexpectedly, approximately 60% of Nppb−/− females developed mesenteric polyarteritis-nodosa (PAN)-like vasculitis in their life span, some as early as 4 months of age. Mesenteric lesions involved intense arterial remodeling, progressive inflammation, occluded lumens, and less frequently intestinal necrosis and multiple visceral arterial aneurysms. Cumulative pathologies resulted in a significant decline in survival of the Nppb−/− female. This study highlights BNP’s vasoprotective propensity, bringing to light a possible sex specific difference in the cardiovascular protection provided by BNP. Defects in the BNP/GC-A/cGMP pathway may play a role in arteriopathies in women, while GC-A agonists may provide effective therapy for arteritis.
Collapse
|
37
|
Zohra FT, Medved M, Lazareva N, Polyak B. Functional behavior and gene expression of magnetic nanoparticle-loaded primary endothelial cells for targeting vascular stents. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 10:1391-406. [PMID: 25996117 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess functional competence and gene expression of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-loaded primary endothelial cells (ECs) as potential cell-based therapy vectors. MATERIALS & METHODS A quantitative tube formation, nitric oxide and adhesion assays were conducted to assess functional potency of the MNP-loaded ECs. A quantitative real-time PCR was used to profile genes in both MNP-loaded at static conditions and in vitro targeted ECs. RESULTS Functional behavior of MNP-loaded and unloaded cells was comparable. MNPs induce expression of genes involved in EC growth and survival, while repress genes involved in coagulation. CONCLUSION MNPs do not adversely affect cellular function. Gene expression indicates that targeting MNP-loaded ECs to vascular stents may potentially stimulate re-endothelialization of an implant and attenuate neointimal hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Tuj Zohra
- 1Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, NCB Suite 7150, Mail Stop 413, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Mikhail Medved
- 1Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, NCB Suite 7150, Mail Stop 413, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Nina Lazareva
- 1Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, NCB Suite 7150, Mail Stop 413, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Boris Polyak
- 1Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15th Street, NCB Suite 7150, Mail Stop 413, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Teng L, Bennett E, Cai C. Preconditioning c-Kit-positive Human Cardiac Stem Cells with a Nitric Oxide Donor Enhances Cell Survival through Activation of Survival Signaling Pathways. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:9733-47. [PMID: 26940876 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.687806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac stem cell therapy has shown very promising potential to repair the infarcted heart but is severely limited by the poor survival of donor cells. Nitric oxide (NO) has demonstrated cytoprotective properties in various cells, but its benefits are unknown specifically for human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs). Therefore, we investigated whether pretreatment of hCSCs with a widely used NO donor, diethylenetriamine nitric oxide adduct (DETA-NO), promotes cell survival. Results from lactate dehydrogenase release assays showed a dose- and time-dependent attenuation of cell death induced by oxidative stress after DETA-NO preconditioning; this cytoprotective effect was abolished by the NO scavenger. Concomitant up-regulation of several cell signaling molecules after DETA-NO preconditioning was observed by Western blotting, including elevated phosphorylation of NRF2, NFκB, STAT3, ERK, and AKT, as well as increased protein expression of HO-1 and COX2. Furthermore, pharmaceutical inhibition of ERK, STAT3, and NFκB activities significantly diminished NO-induced cytoprotection against oxidative stress, whereas inhibition of AKT or knockdown of NRF2 only produced a minor effect. Blocking PI3K activity or knocking down COX2 expression did not alter the protective effect of DETA-NO on cell survival. The crucial roles of STAT3 and NFκB in NO-mediated signaling pathways were further confirmed by stable expression of gene-specific shRNAs in hCSCs. Thus, preconditioning hCSCs with DETA-NO promotes cell survival and resistance to oxidative stress by activating multiple cell survival signaling pathways. These results will potentially provide a simple and effective strategy to enhance survival of hCSCs after transplantation and increase their efficacy in repairing infarcted myocardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Teng
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College and
| | - Edward Bennett
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College and
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lyon CA, Wadey KS, George SJ. Soluble N-cadherin: A novel inhibitor of VSMC proliferation and intimal thickening. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 78:53-62. [PMID: 26586312 PMCID: PMC4749540 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reoccurrence of symptoms occurs in 30-50% of coronary artery disease patients receiving vein grafts or bare-metal stents due to intimal thickening (restenosis). Restenosis is caused by vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation. New therapeutic approaches that reduce VSMC migration and proliferation while promoting endothelial cell (EC) coverage are required. We assessed the effect of a soluble form of N-cadherin (SNC-Fc, a fusion of the extracellular portion of N-Cadherin to a mutated Fc fragment of IgG), a cell-cell junction molecule, on human saphenous VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro. We also assessed its effect on intimal thickening in a validated human ex vivo organ culture model. We observed that SNC-Fc significantly inhibited VSMC proliferation and to a lesser extent migration. The anti-proliferative effect of SNC-Fc was mediated by the interaction of SNC-Fc with the FGFR, rather than through inhibition of β-catenin signalling. SNC-Fc also significantly reduced intimal thickening by ~85% in the ex vivo organ culture model. SNC-Fc treatment inhibited proliferation of the intimal cells but did not affect migration. SNC-Fc reduced EC apoptosis, without detrimental effects on EC proliferation and migration in vitro. Importantly SNC-Fc increased EC coverage in the ex vivo model of intimal thickening. In conclusion, we suggest that SNC-Fc may have potential as an anti-proliferative therapeutic agent for reducing restenosis which has no detrimental effects on endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cressida A Lyon
- School of Clinical Sciences, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Upper Maudlin St, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Kerry S Wadey
- School of Clinical Sciences, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Upper Maudlin St, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Sarah J George
- School of Clinical Sciences, Research Floor Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Upper Maudlin St, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim JW. Effect of Nitric Oxide on the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase and Its Association with Migration of Cultured Trabecular Meshwork Cells. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2016; 30:66-75. [PMID: 26865806 PMCID: PMC4742648 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2016.30.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the effect of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on the migration of trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and its association with expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Methods Primary human TM cells treated with 1 or 10 µM S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) and examined for changes in adherence. TM cells were seeded onto transwell culture inserts, and changes in their migratory activity were quantified. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the relative changes in mRNA expression of MMPs and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Results Treatment with SNAP did not significantly suppress TM cell adhesion or migration (p > 0.05). Treatment of TM cells with 10 µM SNAP decreased expression of MMP-2 and increased expression of membrane type MMP-1 and TIMP-2. Treatment with interleukin-1α triggered MMP-3 expression but did not exert significant effects on MMP-3 activation in response to SNAP. Conclusions These data suggest that NO revealed no significant effect on the migration of TM cells because NO decreased MMP-2 and increased TIMP-2 expression. Although expression of certain MMPs and TIMPs change in response to NO donors, NO may modulate trabecular outflow by changing the cellular production of extracellular matrix without having a significant effect on the migration of TM cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bahnson ESM, Vavra AK, Flynn ME, Vercammen JM, Jiang Q, Schwartz AR, Kibbe MR. Long-term effect of PROLI/NO on cellular proliferation and phenotype after arterial injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 90:272-86. [PMID: 26627935 PMCID: PMC4698201 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular interventions are associated with high failure rates from restenosis secondary to negative remodeling and neointimal hyperplasia. Periadventitial delivery of nitric oxide (NO) inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, preserving lumen patency. With the development of new localized delivery vehicles, NO-based therapies remain a promising therapeutic avenue for the prevention of restenosis. While the time course of events during neointimal development has been well established, a full characterization of the impact of NO donors on the cells that comprise the arterial wall has not been performed. Thus, the aim of our study was to perform a detailed assessment of proliferation, cellularity, inflammation, and phenotypic cellular modulation in injured arteries treated with the short-lived NO donor, PROLI/NO. PROLI/NO provided durable inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia for 6 months after arterial injury. PROLI/NO inhibited proliferation and cellularity in the media and intima at all of the time points studied. However, PROLI/NO caused an increase in adventitial proliferation at 2 weeks, resulting in increased cellularity at 2 and 8 weeks compared to injury alone. PROLI/NO promoted local protein S-nitrosation and increased local tyrosine nitration, without measurable systemic effects. PROLI/NO predominantly inhibited contractile smooth muscle cells in the intima and media, and had little to no effect on vascular smooth muscle cells or myofibroblasts in the adventitia. Finally, PROLI/NO caused a delayed and decreased leukocyte infiltration response after injury. Our results show that a short-lived NO donor exerts durable effects on proliferation, phenotype modulation, and inflammation that result in long-term inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward S M Bahnson
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ashley K Vavra
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Megan E Flynn
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Janet M Vercammen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qun Jiang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amanda R Schwartz
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cohen Y, Dafni H, Avni R, Fellus L, Bochner F, Rotkopf R, Raz T, Benjamin LE, Walsh K, Neeman M. Genetic and Pharmacological Modulation of Akt1 for Improving Ovarian Graft Revascularization in a Mouse Model1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:14. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.131987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
43
|
Semaming Y, Kukongviriyapan U, Kongyingyoes B, Thukhammee W, Pannangpetch P. Protocatechuic Acid Restores Vascular Responses in Rats With Chronic Diabetes Induced by Streptozotocin. Phytother Res 2015; 30:227-33. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoswaris Semaming
- Veterinary Technology Program, Faculty of Technology; Udon Thani Rajabhat University; Udon Thani 41000 Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Bunkerd Kongyingyoes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Wipawee Thukhammee
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tang H, Wang Q, Wang X, Zhou J, Zhu M, Qiao T, Liu C, Mao C, Zhou M. Effect of a Novel Stent on Re-Endothelialization, Platelet Adhesion, and Neointimal Formation. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 23:67-80. [PMID: 26347048 DOI: 10.5551/jat.31062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) is specifically expressed by outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs). Zwitterionic stent showed high antifouling and excellent blood compatibility. Therefore, we hypothesized that anti-VE-cadherin antibody-coated zwitterionic stents (VE-cad-Z stents) would promote re-endothelialization, reduce neointimal formation, and resist thrombus. METHODS VE-cad-Z stents were examined using platelet adhesion test, platelet activation, and OEC capture ability in vitro. In vivo effect of VE-cad-Z stents on re-endothelialization, thrombus-resistance, and neointima hyperplasia was investigated in left common carotid arteries of rabbits (n=15). RESULTS In vitro, VE-cad-Z stents showed better platelet-resistance and OEC-capture ability (DNA concentration: 297.23±22.71 versus 67.49±15.26 ng/µL, P<0.01). In vivo, VE-cad-Z stents exhibited better patency rate than bare metal stents (BMS) (15/15 versus 12/15), and it significantly reduced platelet adhesion and neointima formation (neointima area: 1.13±0.05 versus 1.00±0.05mm(2), P<0.01 and 3.04±0.11versus 1.05±0.06mm(2), P<0.01, at 3 and 30 days, respectively; % stenosis: 20.99±0.98 versus 18.72±0.97, P<0.01 and 56.46±2.20 versus 19.45±1.24, P<0.01, at 3 and 30 days, respectively). CONCLUSION These data suggested that VE-cad-Z stents could specifically capture OECs, consequently promote endothelial healing, and also reduce platelet adhesion and neointima formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanfei Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Thiruvoipati T, Kielhorn CE, Armstrong EJ. Peripheral artery disease in patients with diabetes: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and outcomes. World J Diabetes 2015; 6:961-969. [PMID: 26185603 PMCID: PMC4499529 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i7.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the atherosclerosis of lower extremity arteries and is also associated with atherothrombosis of other vascular beds, including the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. The presence of diabetes mellitus greatly increases the risk of PAD, as well as accelerates its course, making these patients more susceptible to ischemic events and impaired functional status compared to patients without diabetes. To minimize these cardiovascular risks it is critical to understand the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. This, in turn, can offer insights into the therapeutic avenues available for these patients. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology of PAD in diabetic patients, followed by an analysis of the mechanisms by which altered metabolism in diabetes promotes atherosclerosis and plaque instability. Outcomes of PAD in diabetic patients are also discussed, with a focus on diabetic ulcers and critical limb ischemia.
Collapse
|
46
|
Mashmoushi AK, Oates JC. Lipopolysaccharide induces inducible nitric oxide synthase-dependent podocyte dysfunction via a hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and cell division control protein 42 and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 84:185-195. [PMID: 25765888 PMCID: PMC4457627 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Urine protein loss in immune complex-mediated diseases such as lupus nephritis is associated with podocyte foot process effacement (podocytopathy) but is not always dependent on glomerular immune complex deposition. Several murine and human studies have associated lupus nephritis with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in what appear to be podocytes. This study was conducted to determine mechanisms of immune-complex-independent and iNOS-dependent podocyte dysfunction. Conditionally immortalized podocytes were cultured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and nitric oxide (NO), superoxide (SO), or peroxynitrite donors in the presence or absence of inhibitors of iNOS, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase or monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), or with sepiapterin to increase coupling of iNOS homodimers. Podocyte NO, SO, and MCP-1 production and nitrotyrosine modifications were determined. The podocytopathy phenotype was determined by measuring cell motility and membrane permeability to albumin. This study determined that NO produced by iNOS is sufficient and necessary to induce podocytopathy. NO probably induces this phenotype via hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and cell division control protein 42 and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 pathways. With LPS stimulation, neither SO nor peroxynitrite produced by uncoupled iNOS or NADPH oxidase nor MCP-1 was sufficient to induce the full phenotype. This study supports the notion that iNOS may induce autocrine podocyte dysfunction. Thus, targeting iNOS or the pathways of its induction may have therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad K Mashmoushi
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jim C Oates
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Rheumatology Section, Medical Service, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bedse G, Di Domenico F, Serviddio G, Cassano T. Aberrant insulin signaling in Alzheimer's disease: current knowledge. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:204. [PMID: 26136647 PMCID: PMC4468388 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia affecting elderly people. AD is a multifaceted pathology characterized by accumulation of extracellular neuritic plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuronal loss mainly in the cortex and hippocampus. AD etiology appears to be linked to a multitude of mechanisms that have not been yet completely elucidated. For long time, it was considered that insulin signaling has only peripheral actions but now it is widely accepted that insulin has neuromodulatory actions in the brain. Insulin signaling is involved in numerous brain functions including cognition and memory that are impaired in AD. Recent studies suggest that AD may be linked to brain insulin resistance and patients with diabetes have an increased risk of developing AD compared to healthy individuals. Indeed insulin resistance, increased inflammation and impaired metabolism are key pathological features of both AD and diabetes. However, the precise mechanisms involved in the development of AD in patients with diabetes are not yet fully understood. In this review we will discuss the role played by aberrant brain insulin signaling in AD. In detail, we will focus on the role of insulin signaling in the deposition of neuritic plaques and intracellular NFTs. Considering that insulin mitigates beta-amyloid deposition and phosphorylation of tau, pharmacological strategies restoring brain insulin signaling, such as intranasal delivery of insulin, could have significant therapeutic potential in AD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Bedse
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer," Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy ; Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Foggia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wobst J, Kessler T, Dang TA, Erdmann J, Schunkert H. Role of sGC-dependent NO signalling and myocardial infarction risk. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:383-94. [PMID: 25733135 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The NO/cGMP pathway plays an important role in many physiological functions and pathophysiological conditions. In the last few years, several genetic and functional studies pointed to an underestimated role of this pathway in the development of atherosclerosis. Indeed, several genetic variants of key enzymes modulating the generation of NO and cGMP have been strongly associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction risk. In this review, we aim to place the genomic findings on components of the NO/cGMP pathway, namely endothelial nitric oxide synthase, soluble guanylyl cyclase and phosphodiesterase 5A, in context of preventive and therapeutic strategies for treating atherosclerosis and its sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Wobst
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Rafieian-Kopaei M, Setorki M, Doudi M, Baradaran A, Nasri H. Atherosclerosis: process, indicators, risk factors and new hopes. Int J Prev Med 2014; 5:927-46. [PMID: 25489440 PMCID: PMC4258672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis is the major cause of morbidities and mortalities worldwide. In this study we aimed to review the mechanism of atherosclerosis and its risk factors, focusing on new findings in atherosclerosis markers and its risk factors. Furthermore, the role of antioxidants and medicinal herbs in atherosclerosis and endothelial damage has been discussed and a list of important medicinal plants effective in the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis is presented. Methods: The recently published papers about atherosclerosis pathogenesis and herbal medicines effective in the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis were searched. Results: Inflammation has a crucial role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The disease is accompanied by excessive fibrosis of the intima, fatty plaques formation, proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and migration of a group of cells such as monocytes, T cells, and platelets which are formed in response to inflammation. The oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to Ox-LDL indicates the first step of atherosclerosis in cardiovascular diseases. Malondialdehyde factor shows the level of lipoperoxidation and is a sign of increased oxidative pressure and cardiovascular diseases. In special pathological conditions such as severe hypercholesterolemia, peroxynitrite concentration increases and atherosclerosis and vascular damage are intensified. Medicinal plants have shown to be capable of interacting these or other pathogenesis factors to prevent atherosclerosis. Conclusions: The pathogenesis factors involved in atherosclerosis have recently been cleared and the discovery of these factors has brought about new hopes for better prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahbubeh Setorki
- Department of Biology, Izeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Izeh, Iran
| | - Monir Doudi
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azar Baradaran
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Nasri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bahnson ESM, Koo N, Cantu-Medellin N, Tsui AY, Havelka GE, Vercammen JM, Jiang Q, Kelley EE, Kibbe MR. Nitric oxide inhibits neointimal hyperplasia following vascular injury via differential, cell-specific modulation of SOD-1 in the arterial wall. Nitric Oxide 2014; 44:8-17. [PMID: 25460325 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide (O2(•-)) promotes neointimal hyperplasia following arterial injury. Conversely, nitric oxide ((•)NO) inhibits neointimal hyperplasia through various cell-specific mechanisms, including redox regulation. What remains unclear is whether (•)NO exerts cell-specific regulation of the vascular redox environment following arterial injury to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether (•)NO exerts cell-specific, differential modulation of O2(•-) levels throughout the arterial wall, establish the mechanism of such modulation, and determine if it regulates (•)NO-dependent inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia. In vivo, (•)NO increased superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) levels following carotid artery balloon injury in a rat model. In vitro, (•)NO increased SOD-1 levels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), but had no effect on SOD-1 in endothelial cells or adventitial fibroblasts. This SOD-1 increase was associated with an increase in sod1 gene expression, increase in SOD-1 activity, and decrease in O2(•-) levels. Lastly, to determine the role of SOD-1 in (•)NO-mediated inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia, we performed the femoral artery wire injury model in wild type and SOD-1 knockout (KO) mice, with and without (•)NO. Interestingly, (•)NO inhibited neointimal hyperplasia only in wild type mice, with no effect in SOD-1 KO mice. In conclusion, these data show the cell-specific modulation of O2(•-) by (•)NO through regulation of SOD-1 in the vasculature, highlighting its importance on the inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia. These results also shed light into the mechanism of (•)NO-dependent redox balance, and suggest a novel VSMC redox target to prevent neointimal hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward S M Bahnson
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nathaniel Koo
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Aaron Y Tsui
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - George E Havelka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Janet M Vercammen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Qun Jiang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| |
Collapse
|