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Stempien A, Josvai M, Notbohm J, Zhang J, Kamp TJ, Crone WC. Influence of Remodeled ECM and Co-culture with iPSC-Derived Cardiac Fibroblasts on the Mechanical Function of Micropatterned iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024:10.1007/s13239-024-00711-8. [PMID: 38448643 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-024-00711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In native heart tissue, functions of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) include synthesis, remodeling, and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as secreting factors that regulate cardiomyocyte (CM) function. The influence of direct co-culture and CF-derived ECM on CM mechanical function are not fully understood. METHODS Here we use an engineered culture platform that provides control over ECM geometry and substrate stiffness to evaluate the influence of iPSC-CFs, and the ECM they produce, on the mechanical function of iPSC-CMs. Mechanical analysis was performed using digital image correlation to quantify maximum contractile strain, spontaneous contraction rate, and full-field organization of the contractions. RESULTS When cultured alone, iPSC-CFs produce and remodel the ECM into fibers following the underlying 15° chevron patterned ECM. The substrates were decellularized and confirmed to have highly aligned fibers that covered a large fraction of the pattern area before reseeding with iPSC-CMs, alone or in co-culture with iPSC-CFs. When seeded on decellularized ECM, larger maximum contractile strains were observed in the co-culture condition compared to the CM Only condition. No significant difference was found in contractile strain between the Matrigel and decellularized ECM conditions; however, the spontaneous contraction rate was lower in the decellularized ECM condition. A methodology for quantifying alignment of cell contraction across the entire field of view was developed based on trajectories approximating the cell displacements during contraction. Trajectory alignment was unaltered by changes in culture or ECM conditions. CONCLUSIONS These combined observations highlight the important role CFs play in vivo and the need for models that enable a quantitative approach to examine interactions between the CFs and CMs, as well as the interactions of these cells with the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stempien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Josvai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Notbohm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - T J Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - W C Crone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Schmeckpeper J, Kim K, George SA, Blackwell DJ, Brennan JA, Efimov IR, Knollmann BC. RyR2 inhibition with dantrolene is antiarrhythmic, prevents further pathological remodeling, and improves cardiac function in chronic ischemic heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 181:67-78. [PMID: 37285929 PMCID: PMC10526741 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diastolic Ca2+ leak due to cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) hyperactivity has been widely documented in chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD) and may contribute to ventricular tachycardia (VT) risk and progressive left-ventricular (LV) remodeling. Here we test the hypothesis that targeting RyR2 hyperactivity can suppress VT inducibility and progressive heart failure in CIHD by the RyR2 inhibitor dantrolene. METHODS AND RESULTS: CIHD was induced in C57BL/6 J mice by left coronary artery ligation. Four weeks later, mice were randomized to either acute or chronic (6 weeks via implanted osmotic pump) treatment with dantrolene or vehicle. VT inducibility was assessed by programmed stimulation in vivo and in isolated hearts. Electrical substrate remodeling was assessed by optical mapping. Ca2+ sparks and spontaneous Ca2+ releases were measured in isolated cardiomyocytes. Cardiac remodeling was quantified by histology and qRT-PCR. Cardiac function and contractility were measured using echocardiography. Compared to vehicle, acute dantrolene treatment reduced VT inducibility. Optical mapping demonstrated reentrant VT prevention by dantrolene, which normalized the shortened refractory period (VERP) and prolonged action potential duration (APD), preventing APD alternans. In single CIHD cardiomyocytes, dantrolene normalized RyR2 hyperactivity and prevented spontaneous intracellular Ca2+ release. Chronic dantrolene treatment not only reduced VT inducibility but also reduced peri-infarct fibrosis and prevented further progression of LV dysfunction in CIHD mice. CONCLUSIONS: RyR2 hyperactivity plays a mechanistic role for VT risk, post-infarct remodeling, and contractile dysfunction in CIHD mice. Our data provide proof of concept for the anti-arrhythmic and anti-remodeling efficacy of dantrolene in CIHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Schmeckpeper
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyungsoo Kim
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sharon A George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the George Washington University, Washington DC, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel J Blackwell
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jaclyn A Brennan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Igor R Efimov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the George Washington University, Washington DC, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Floy ME, Shabnam F, Givens SE, Patil VA, Ding Y, Li G, Roy S, Raval AN, Schmuck EG, Masters KS, Ogle BM, Palecek SP. Identifying molecular and functional similarities and differences between human primary cardiac valve interstitial cells and ventricular fibroblasts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1102487. [PMID: 37051268 PMCID: PMC10083504 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells that predominantly produce and maintain the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are critical mediators of injury response. In the heart, valve interstitial cells (VICs) are a population of fibroblasts responsible for maintaining the structure and function of heart valves. These cells are regionally distinct from myocardial fibroblasts, including left ventricular cardiac fibroblasts (LVCFBs), which are located in the myocardium in close vicinity to cardiomyocytes. Here, we hypothesize these subpopulations of fibroblasts are transcriptionally and functionally distinct. Methods: To compare these fibroblast subtypes, we collected patient-matched samples of human primary VICs and LVCFBs and performed bulk RNA sequencing, extracellular matrix profiling, and functional contraction and calcification assays. Results: Here, we identified combined expression of SUSD2 on a protein-level, and MEOX2, EBF2 and RHOU at a transcript-level to be differentially expressed in VICs compared to LVCFBs and demonstrated that expression of these genes can be used to distinguish between the two subpopulations. We found both VICs and LVCFBs expressed similar activation and contraction potential in vitro, but VICs showed an increase in ALP activity when activated and higher expression in matricellular proteins, including cartilage oligomeric protein and alpha 2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein, both of which are reported to be linked to calcification, compared to LVCFBs. Conclusion: These comparative transcriptomic, proteomic, and functional studies shed novel insight into the similarities and differences between valve interstitial cells and left ventricular cardiac fibroblasts and will aid in understanding region-specific cardiac pathologies, distinguishing between primary subpopulations of fibroblasts, and generating region-specific stem-cell derived cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha E. Floy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Fathima Shabnam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sophie E. Givens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Vaidehi A. Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yunfeng Ding
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Grace Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sushmita Roy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amish N. Raval
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Eric G. Schmuck
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kristyn S. Masters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Brenda M. Ogle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Sean P. Palecek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Distinct Cardiac-Derived Stromal Cell Subpopulations. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9110374. [DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9110374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cardiac-derived c-kit+ stromal cells (CSCs) have demonstrated efficacy in preclinical trials for the treatment of heart failure and myocardial dysfunction. Unfortunately, large variability in patient outcomes and cell populations remains a problem. Previous research has demonstrated that the reparative capacity of CSCs may be linked to the age of the cells: CSCs derived from neonate patients increase cardiac function and reduce fibrosis. However, age-dependent differences between CSC populations have primarily been explored with bulk sequencing methods. In this work, we hypothesized that differences in CSC populations and subsequent cell therapy outcomes may arise from differing cell subtypes within donor CSC samples. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on four neonatal CSC (nCSC) and five child CSC (cCSC) samples. Subcluster analysis revealed cCSC-enriched clusters upregulated in several fibrosis- and immune response-related genes. Module-based analysis identified upregulation of chemotaxis and ribosomal activity-related genes in nCSCs and upregulation of immune response and fiber synthesis genes in cCSCs. Further, we identified versican and integrin alpha 2 as potential markers for a fibrotic cell subtype. By investigating differences in patient-derived CSC populations at the single-cell level, this research aims to identify and characterize CSC subtypes to better optimize CSC-based therapy and improve patient outcomes.
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5
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Firouzi F, Echeagaray O, Esquer C, Gude NA, Sussman MA. 'Youthful' phenotype of c-Kit + cardiac fibroblasts. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:424. [PMID: 35841449 PMCID: PMC10544823 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblast (CF) population heterogeneity and plasticity present a challenge for categorization of biological and functional properties. Distinct molecular markers and associated signaling pathways provide valuable insight for CF biology and interventional strategies to influence injury response and aging-associated remodeling. Receptor tyrosine kinase c-Kit mediates cell survival, proliferation, migration, and is activated by pathological injury. However, the biological significance of c-Kit within CF population has not been addressed. An inducible reporter mouse detects c-Kit promoter activation with Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) expression in cardiac cells. Coincidence of EGFP and c-Kit with the DDR2 fibroblast marker was confirmed using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, CFs expressing DDR2 with or without c-Kit was isolated and characterized. A subset of DDR2+ CFs also express c-Kit with coincidence in ~ 8% of total cardiac interstitial cells (CICs). Aging is associated with decreased number of c-Kit expressing DDR2+ CFs, whereas pathological injury induces c-Kit and DDR2 as well as the frequency of coincident expression in CICs. scRNA-Seq profiling reveals the transcriptome of c-Kit expressing CFs as cells with transitional phenotype. Cultured cardiac DDR2+ fibroblasts that are c-Kit+ exhibit morphological and functional characteristics consistent with youthful phenotypes compared to c-Kit- cells. Mechanistically, c-Kit expression correlates with signaling implicated in proliferation and cell migration, including phospho-ERK and pro-caspase 3. The phenotype of c-kit+ on DDR2+ CFs correlates with multiple characteristics of 'youthful' cells. To our knowledge, this represents the first evaluation of c-Kit biology within DDR2+ CF population and provides a fundamental basis for future studies to influence myocardial biology, response to pathological injury and physiological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareheh Firouzi
- SDSU Integrated Regenerative Research Institute and Biology Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Oscar Echeagaray
- SDSU Integrated Regenerative Research Institute and Biology Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Carolina Esquer
- SDSU Integrated Regenerative Research Institute and Biology Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Natalie A Gude
- SDSU Integrated Regenerative Research Institute and Biology Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Mark A Sussman
- SDSU Integrated Regenerative Research Institute and Biology Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
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Gunasekaran M, Mishra R, Saha P, Morales D, Cheng WC, Jayaraman AR, Hoffman JR, Davidson L, Chen L, Shah AM, Bittle G, Fu X, Tulshyan A, Abdullah M, Kingsbury T, Civin C, Yang P, Davis ME, Bolli R, Hare JM, Sharma S, Kaushal S. Comparative efficacy and mechanism of action of cardiac progenitor cells after cardiac injury. iScience 2022; 25:104656. [PMID: 35847554 PMCID: PMC9283895 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar Gunasekaran
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rachana Mishra
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Progyaparamita Saha
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - David Morales
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Wen-Chih Cheng
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Arun R. Jayaraman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jessica R. Hoffman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lauran Davidson
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ling Chen
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Aakash M. Shah
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Gregory Bittle
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xuebin Fu
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Antariksh Tulshyan
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mohamed Abdullah
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt
| | - Tami Kingsbury
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Curt Civin
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Peixin Yang
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michael E. Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Roberto Bolli
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Joshua M. Hare
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sudhish Sharma
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Sunjay Kaushal
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Corresponding author
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Blockage of Fibronectin 1 Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Association with Activation of AMP-LKB1-AMPK Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6196173. [PMID: 35602095 PMCID: PMC9119763 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6196173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) is closely associated with energy substrate metabolism. Fibronectin 1 (Fn1) was markedly elevated in the heart of I/R pigs and ischemic patients, but its role in myocardial I/RI is controversial and the precise mechanism involved remains elusive. Herein, we tested whether blockage of Fn1 with its inhibitor (fibronectin tetrapeptide, RGDS) would alleviate myocardial I/RI. Wild-type (WT) mice were administered with RGDS once 3 h before I/R operation and once at 24 or 48 h postreperfusion, and sacrificed at 24 or 72 h post-I/R, respectively. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Myocardial infarction size, apoptosis, fibrosis, and inflammation were examined via histological staining. Uptake of glucose and fatty acids were detected by positron emission tomography (PET) and computer tomography (CT) with [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and [18F]-fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid (FTHA), respectively. Our results showed that administration of RGDS to mice remarkably limited the I/R-induced myocardial infarct size, myocyte apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis and improved cardiac contractile dysfunction. These protective effects were associated with upregulation of the AMP/ATP ratio and the activation of LKB1-AMPK signaling, which subsequently increased AS160-GLUT4-mediated glucose and fatty acid uptake, improved mitochondrial dynamic imbalance, and inactivated TGF-β and NF-κB signals in the I/R heart. In conclusion, the current study identified that blocking Fn1 protects against myocardial I/RI likely through activating the LKB1-AMPK-dependent signals and highlights that inhibition of Fn1 may be a novel therapeutic option for treating ischemic heart diseases.
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Streeter BW, Brown ME, Shakya P, Park HJ, Qiu J, Xia Y, Davis ME. Using computational methods to design patient-specific electrospun cardiac patches for pediatric heart failure. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kurt AS, Strobl K, Ruiz P, Osborn G, Chester T, Dawson L, Warwas KM, Grey EH, Mastoridis S, Kodela E, Safinia N, Sanchez-Fueyo A, Martinez-Llordella M. IL-2 availability regulates the tissue specific phenotype of murine intra-hepatic Tregs. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1040031. [PMID: 36389734 PMCID: PMC9661520 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1040031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs are known to acquire tissue-specific features and exert cytoprotective and regenerative functions. The extent to which this applies to liver-resident Tregs is unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the phenotypic and functional characteristics of adult murine liver resident Tregs during homeostasis. Additionally, we investigated their role in ameliorating liver inflammation and tissue damage. Quantification of Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ cells comparing different tissues showed that the liver contained significantly fewer resident Tregs. A combination of flow cytometry phenotyping and microarray analysis of intra-hepatic and splenic Tregs under homeostatic conditions revealed that, although intra-hepatic Tregs exhibited the core transcriptional Treg signature, they expressed a distinct transcriptional profile. This was characterized by reduced CD25 expression and increased levels of pro-inflammatory Th1 transcripts Il1b and Ifng. In vivo ablation of Tregs in the Foxp3-DTR mouse model showed that Tregs had a role in reducing the magnitude of systemic and intra-hepatic inflammatory responses following acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) injury, but their absence did not impact the development of hepatocyte necrosis. Conversely, the specific expansion of Tregs by administration of IL-2 complexes increased the number of intra-hepatic Tregs and significantly ameliorated tissue damage following CCl₄ administration in C57BL/6 mice. The cytoprotective effect observed in response to IL-2c was associated with the increased expression of markers known to regulate Treg suppressive function. Our results offer insight into the transcriptome and complex immune network of intra-hepatic Tregs and suggest that strategies capable of selectively increasing the pool of intra-hepatic Tregs could constitute effective therapies in inflammatory liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada S. Kurt
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karoline Strobl
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paula Ruiz
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Osborn
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tonika Chester
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren Dawson
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karsten M. Warwas
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Applied Tumour Immunity, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth H. Grey
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sotiris Mastoridis
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elisavet Kodela
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niloufar Safinia
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Sanchez-Fueyo
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Alberto Sanchez-Fueyo,
| | - Marc Martinez-Llordella
- Institute of Liver Studies, Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Possible Treatment of Myocardial Infarct Based on Tissue Engineering Using a Cellularized Solid Collagen Scaffold Functionalized with Arg-Glyc-Asp (RGD) Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212563. [PMID: 34830447 PMCID: PMC8620820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the clinical impact of cell therapy after a myocardial infarction (MI) is limited by low cell engraftment due to low cell retention, cell death in inflammatory and poor angiogenic infarcted areas, secondary migration. Cells interact with their microenvironment through integrin mechanoreceptors that control their survival/apoptosis/differentiation/migration and proliferation. The association of cells with a three-dimensional material may be a way to improve interactions with their integrins, and thus outcomes, especially if preparations are epicardially applied. In this review, we will focus on the rationale for using collagen as a polymer backbone for tissue engineering of a contractile tissue. Contractilities are reported for natural but not synthetic polymers and for naturals only for: collagen/gelatin/decellularized-tissue/fibrin/Matrigel™ and for different material states: hydrogels/gels/solids. To achieve a thick/long-term contractile tissue and for cell transfer, solid porous compliant scaffolds are superior to hydrogels or gels. Classical methods to produce solid scaffolds: electrospinning/freeze-drying/3D-printing/solvent-casting and methods to reinforce and/or maintain scaffold properties by reticulations are reported. We also highlight the possibility of improving integrin interaction between cells and their associated collagen by its functionalizing with the RGD-peptide. Using a contractile patch that can be applied epicardially may be a way of improving ventricular remodeling and limiting secondary cell migration.
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11
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Singh JP, Young JL. The cardiac nanoenvironment: form and function at the nanoscale. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:625-636. [PMID: 34765045 PMCID: PMC8555021 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces in the cardiovascular system occur over a wide range of length scales. At the whole organ level, large scale forces drive the beating heart as a synergistic unit. On the microscale, individual cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) exhibit dynamic reciprocity, with mechanical feedback moving bidirectionally. Finally, in the nanometer regime, molecular features of cells and the ECM show remarkable sensitivity to mechanical cues. While small, these nanoscale properties are in many cases directly responsible for the mechanosensitive signaling processes that elicit cellular outcomes. Given the inherent challenges in observing, quantifying, and reconstituting this nanoscale environment, it is not surprising that this landscape has been understudied compared to larger length scales. Here, we aim to shine light upon the cardiac nanoenvironment, which plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis while also underlying pathological processes. Thus, we will highlight strategies aimed at (1) elucidating the nanoscale components of the cardiac matrix, and (2) designing new materials and biosystems capable of mimicking these features in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jashan P Singh
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer L Young
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575 Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Yousefi-Ahmadipour A, Asadi F, Pirsadeghi A, Nazeri N, Vahidi R, Abazari MF, Afgar A, Mirzaei-Parsa MJ. Current Status of Stem Cell Therapy and Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Da Silva F, Jian Motamedi F, Weerasinghe Arachchige LC, Tison A, Bradford ST, Lefebvre J, Dolle P, Ghyselinck NB, Wagner KD, Schedl A. Retinoic acid signaling is directly activated in cardiomyocytes and protects mouse hearts from apoptosis after myocardial infarction. eLife 2021; 10:68280. [PMID: 34623260 PMCID: PMC8530512 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is an essential signaling molecule for cardiac development and plays a protective role in the heart after myocardial infarction (MI). In both cases, the effect of RA signaling on cardiomyocytes, the principle cell type of the heart, has been reported to be indirect. Here we have developed an inducible murine transgenic RA-reporter line using CreERT2 technology that permits lineage tracing of RA-responsive cells and faithfully recapitulates endogenous RA activity in multiple organs during embryonic development. Strikingly, we have observed a direct RA response in cardiomyocytes during mid-late gestation and after MI. Ablation of RA signaling through deletion of the Aldh1a1/a2/a3 genes encoding RA-synthesizing enzymes leads to increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in adults subjected to MI. RNA sequencing analysis reveals Tgm2 and Ace1, two genes with well-established links to cardiac repair, as potential targets of RA signaling in primary cardiomyocytes, thereby providing novel links between the RA pathway and heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amelie Tison
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
| | | | | | - Pascal Dolle
- IGBMC, Inserm U1258, UNISTRA CNRS, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Kay D Wagner
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, iBV, Nice, France
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14
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Vidal V, Gutierrez O, Talamillo A, Velasquez C, Fernandez-Luna JL. Glioblastoma invasion factor ODZ1 is induced by microenvironmental signals through activation of a Stat3-dependent transcriptional pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16196. [PMID: 34376733 PMCID: PMC8355191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the transmembrane protein ODZ1 serves for glioblastoma (GBM) cells to invade the surrounding tissue through activation of RhoA/ROCK pathway. However, the transcriptional machinery used by GBM cells to regulate the expression of ODZ1 is unknown. Here we show that interaction with tumor microenvironment elements, mainly activated monocytes through IL-6 secretion, and the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin, induces the Stat3 transcriptional pathway and upregulates ODZ1 which results in GBM cell migration. This signaling route is abrogated by blocking the IL-6 receptor, inhibiting Jak kinases or knocking down Stat3. Furthermore, we have identified a Stat3 responsive element in the ODZ1 gene promoter, about 1 kb from the transcription start site. Luciferase-reporter assays confirmed that the promoter responds to the presence of monocytic cells and this activation is greatly reduced when the Stat3 site is mutated or following treatment with a neutralizing anti-IL-6 receptor antibody or transfecting GBM cells with a dominant negative variant of Stat3. Overall, we show that monocyte-secreted IL-6 and the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin activate the axis Stat3-ODZ1 and promote migration of GBM cells. This is the first described transcriptional mechanism used by tumor cells to promote the expression of the invasion factor ODZ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vidal
- Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Avda. Valdecilla s/n, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Olga Gutierrez
- Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Avda. Valdecilla s/n, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Ana Talamillo
- Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Avda. Valdecilla s/n, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Velasquez
- Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Jose L Fernandez-Luna
- Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Avda. Valdecilla s/n, 39008, Santander, Spain.
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15
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Schussler O, Chachques JC, Alifano M, Lecarpentier Y. Key Roles of RGD-Recognizing Integrins During Cardiac Development, on Cardiac Cells, and After Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 15:179-203. [PMID: 34342855 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac cells interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins through integrin mechanoreceptors that control many cellular events such as cell survival, apoptosis, differentiation, migration, and proliferation. Integrins play a crucial role in cardiac development as well as in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Integrins recognize oligopeptides present on ECM proteins and are involved in three main types of interaction, namely with collagen, laminin, and the oligopeptide RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) present on vitronectin and fibronectin proteins. To date, the specific role of integrins recognizing the RGD has not been addressed. In this review, we examine their role during cardiac development, their role on cardiac cells, and their upregulation during pathological processes such as heart fibrosis and hypertrophy. We also examine their role in regenerative and angiogenic processes after myocardial infarction (MI) in the peri-infarct area. Specific targeting of these integrins may be a way of controlling some of these pathological events and thereby improving medical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Schussler
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Juan C Chachques
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Pompidou Hospital, Laboratory of Biosurgical Research, Carpentier Foundation, University Paris Descartes, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138 Team "Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Meaux, France
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16
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King O, Sunyovszki I, Terracciano CM. Vascularisation of pluripotent stem cell-derived myocardium: biomechanical insights for physiological relevance in cardiac tissue engineering. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1117-1136. [PMID: 33855631 PMCID: PMC8245389 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The myocardium is a diverse environment, requiring coordination between a variety of specialised cell types. Biochemical crosstalk between cardiomyocytes (CM) and microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) is essential to maintain contractility and healthy tissue homeostasis. Yet, as myocytes beat, heterocellular communication occurs also through constantly fluctuating biomechanical stimuli, namely (1) compressive and tensile forces generated directly by the beating myocardium, and (2) pulsatile shear stress caused by intra-microvascular flow. Despite endothelial cells (EC) being highly mechanosensitive, the role of biomechanical stimuli from beating CM as a regulatory mode of myocardial-microvascular crosstalk is relatively unexplored. Given that cardiac biomechanics are dramatically altered during disease, and disruption of myocardial-microvascular communication is a known driver of pathological remodelling, understanding the biomechanical context necessary for healthy myocardial-microvascular interaction is of high importance. The current gap in understanding can largely be attributed to technical limitations associated with reproducing dynamic physiological biomechanics in multicellular in vitro platforms, coupled with limited in vitro viability of primary cardiac tissue. However, differentiation of CM from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) has provided an unlimited source of human myocytes suitable for designing in vitro models. This technology is now converging with the diverse field of tissue engineering, which utilises in vitro techniques designed to enhance physiological relevance, such as biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM) as 3D scaffolds, microfluidic perfusion of vascularised networks, and complex multicellular architectures generated via 3D bioprinting. These strategies are now allowing researchers to design in vitro platforms which emulate the cell composition, architectures, and biomechanics specific to the myocardial-microvascular microenvironment. Inclusion of physiological multicellularity and biomechanics may also induce a more mature phenotype in stem cell-derived CM, further enhancing their value. This review aims to highlight the importance of biomechanical stimuli as determinants of CM-EC crosstalk in cardiac health and disease, and to explore emerging tissue engineering and hPSC technologies which can recapitulate physiological dynamics to enhance the value of in vitro cardiac experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oisín King
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, ICTEM 4th floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Ilona Sunyovszki
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, ICTEM 4th floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Cesare M Terracciano
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, ICTEM 4th floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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17
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Meagher PB, Lee XA, Lee J, Visram A, Friedberg MK, Connelly KA. Cardiac Fibrosis: Key Role of Integrins in Cardiac Homeostasis and Remodeling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040770. [PMID: 33807373 PMCID: PMC8066890 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common finding that is associated with the progression of heart failure (HF) and impacts all chambers of the heart. Despite intense research, the treatment of HF has primarily focused upon strategies to prevent cardiomyocyte remodeling, and there are no targeted antifibrotic strategies available to reverse cardiac fibrosis. Cardiac fibrosis is defined as an accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins which stiffen the myocardium resulting in the deterioration cardiac function. This occurs in response to a wide range of mechanical and biochemical signals. Integrins are transmembrane cell adhesion receptors, that integrate signaling between cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes with the ECM by the communication of mechanical stress signals. Integrins play an important role in the development of pathological ECM deposition. This review will discuss the role of integrins in mechano-transduced cardiac fibrosis in response to disease throughout the myocardium. This review will also demonstrate the important role of integrins as both initiators of the fibrotic response, and modulators of fibrosis through their effect on cardiac fibroblast physiology across the various heart chambers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B. Meagher
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Xavier Alexander Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Joseph Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Aylin Visram
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Mark K. Friedberg
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Labatt Family Heart Center and Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Kim A. Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +141-686-45201
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18
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Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional cardiomyocyte tissues ameliorate the rat ischemic myocardium by remodeling the extracellular matrix and cardiac protein phenotype. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245571. [PMID: 33720933 PMCID: PMC7959395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in the viability and survival of implanted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). We hypothesized that coating of three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissue-derived hiPSC-CMs with the ECM protein fibronectin (FN) would improve the survival of transplanted cells in the heart and improve heart function in a rat model of ischemic heart failure. To test this hypothesis, we first explored the tolerance of FN-coated hiPSC-CMs to hypoxia in an in vitro study. For in vivo assessments, we constructed 3D-hiPSC cardiac tissues (3D-hiPSC-CTs) using a layer-by-layer technique, and then the cells were implanted in the hearts of a myocardial infarction rat model (3D-hiPSC-CTs, n = 10; sham surgery control group (without implant), n = 10). Heart function and histology were analyzed 4 weeks after transplantation. In the in vitro assessment, cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase assays showed that FN-coated hiPSC-CMs had improved tolerance to hypoxia compared with the control cells. In vivo, the left ventricular ejection fraction of hearts implanted with 3D-hiPSC-CT was significantly better than that of the sham control hearts. Histological analysis showed clear expression of collagen type IV and plasma membrane markers such as desmin and dystrophin in vivo after implantation of 3D-hiPSC-CT, which were not detected in 3D-hiPSC-CMs in vitro. Overall, these results indicated that FN-coated 3D-hiPSC-CT could improve distressed heart function in a rat myocardial infarction model with a well-expressed cytoskeletal or basement membrane matrix. Therefore, FN-coated 3D-hiPSC-CT may serve as a promising replacement for heart transplantation and left ventricular assist devices and has the potential to improve survivability and therapeutic efficacy in cases of ischemic heart disease.
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19
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CXCR7 ameliorates myocardial infarction as a β-arrestin-biased receptor. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3426. [PMID: 33564089 PMCID: PMC7873251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most seven transmembrane receptors (7TMRs) are G protein-coupled receptors; however, some 7TMRs evoke intracellular signals through β-arrestin as a biased receptor. As several β-arrestin-biased agonists have been reported to be cardioprotective, we examined the role of the chemokine receptor CXCR7 as a β-arrestin-biased receptor in the heart. Among 510 7TMR genes examined, Cxcr7 was the most abundantly expressed in the murine heart. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that Cxcr7 was abundantly expressed in cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Cardiomyocyte-specific Cxcr7 null mice showed more prominent cardiac dilatation and dysfunction than control mice 4 weeks after myocardial infarction. In contrast, there was no difference in cardiac phenotypes between fibroblast-specific Cxcr7-knockout mice and control mice even after myocardial infarction. TC14012, a specific agonist of CXCR7, significantly recruited β-arrestin to CXCR7 in CXCR7-expressing cells and activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Cxcr7 expression was significantly increased and ERK was activated in the border zone of the heart in control, but not Cxcr7 null mice. These results indicate that the abundantly expressed CXCR7 in cardiomyocytes may play a protective role in the heart as a β-arrestin-biased receptor and that CXCR7 may be a novel therapeutic target for myocardial infarction.
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20
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Esmaeili H, Li C, Fu X, Jung JP. Engineering Extracellular Matrix Proteins to Enhance Cardiac Regeneration After Myocardial Infarction. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:611936. [PMID: 33553118 PMCID: PMC7855456 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.611936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering microenvironments for accelerated myocardial repair is a challenging goal. Cell therapy has evolved over a few decades to engraft therapeutic cells to replenish lost cardiomyocytes in the left ventricle. However, compelling evidence supports that tailoring specific signals to endogenous cells rather than the direct integration of therapeutic cells could be an attractive strategy for better clinical outcomes. Of many possible routes to instruct endogenous cells, we reviewed recent cases that extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins contribute to enhanced cardiomyocyte proliferation from neonates to adults. In addition, the presence of ECM proteins exerts biophysical regulation in tissue, leading to the control of microenvironments and adaptation for enhanced cardiomyocyte proliferation. Finally, we also summarized recent clinical trials exclusively using ECM proteins, further supporting the notion that engineering ECM proteins would be a critical strategy to enhance myocardial repair without taking any risks or complications of applying therapeutic cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Esmaeili
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Chaoyang Li
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Xing Fu
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jangwook P Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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21
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Silva AC, Pereira C, Fonseca ACRG, Pinto-do-Ó P, Nascimento DS. Bearing My Heart: The Role of Extracellular Matrix on Cardiac Development, Homeostasis, and Injury Response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:621644. [PMID: 33511134 PMCID: PMC7835513 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.621644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential component of the heart that imparts fundamental cellular processes during organ development and homeostasis. Most cardiovascular diseases involve severe remodeling of the ECM, culminating in the formation of fibrotic tissue that is deleterious to organ function. Treatment schemes effective at managing fibrosis and promoting physiological ECM repair are not yet in reach. Of note, the composition of the cardiac ECM changes significantly in a short period after birth, concurrent with the loss of the regenerative capacity of the heart. This highlights the importance of understanding ECM composition and function headed for the development of more efficient therapies. In this review, we explore the impact of ECM alterations, throughout heart ontogeny and disease, on cardiac cells and debate available approaches to deeper insights on cell–ECM interactions, toward the design of new regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Silva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Cassilda Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina R G Fonseca
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana S Nascimento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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22
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Cardiac Regenerative Therapy in Diabetes: Challenges and Potential Therapeutics. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Kamaraj US, Chen J, Katwadi K, Ouyang JF, Yang Sun YB, Lim YM, Liu X, Handoko L, Polo JM, Petretto E, Rackham OJ. EpiMogrify Models H3K4me3 Data to Identify Signaling Molecules that Improve Cell Fate Control and Maintenance. Cell Syst 2020; 11:509-522.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Yuan X, Yang S, Li W, Li J, Lin J, Wu Y, Chen Y. Construction of fibronectin conditional gene knock-out mice and the effect of fibronectin gene knockout on hematopoietic, biochemical and immune parameters in mice. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10224. [PMID: 33194415 PMCID: PMC7605225 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) is a multi-functional glycoprotein that primarily acts as a cell adhesion molecule and tethers cells to the extra cellular matrix. In order to clarify the effect of FN deficiency on hematopoiesis, biochemical and immune parameters in mice. We constructed a tamoxifen-induced conditional (cre-loxp system) fibronectin knock-out (FnKO) mouse model on a C57BL/6 background, and monitored their behavior, fertility, histological, hematopoietic, biochemical and immunological indices. We found that the Fn KO mice had reduced fertility, high platelet counts, smaller bone marrow megakaryocytes and looser attachment between the hepatocyte and vascular endothelial junctions compared to the wild type (WT) mice. In contrast, the behavior, hematological counts, serum biochemical indices and vital organ histology were similar in both Fn KO and WT mice. This model will greatly help in elucidating the role of FN in immune-related diseases in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yuan
- Insitute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Insitute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinggang Li
- Insitute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Insitute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Insitute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanzhong Chen
- Insitute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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25
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Roy S, Spinali K, Schmuck EG, Kink JA, Hematti P, Raval AN. Cardiac fibroblast derived matrix-educated macrophages express VEGF and IL-6, and recruit mesenchymal stromal cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 10. [PMID: 33564732 DOI: 10.1016/j.regen.2020.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The polarization of monocytes into macrophages that possess anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic properties could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for patients who are at a high risk for developing heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI). Here in, we describe a novel method of "educating" monocytes into a distinct population of macrophages that exhibit anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic features through a 3-day culture on fibronectin-rich cardiac matrix (CX) manufactured using cultured human cardiac fibroblasts. Our data suggest that CX can educate monocytes into a unique macrophage population termed CX educated macrophages (CXMq) that secrete high levels of VEGF and IL-6. In vitro, CXMq also demonstrate the ability to recruit mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) with known anti-inflammatory properties. Selective inhibition of fibronectin binding to αVβ3 surface integrins on CXMq prevented MSC recruitment. This suggests that insoluble fibronectin within CX is, at least in part, responsible for CXMq conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Roy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Keith Spinali
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eric G Schmuck
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John A Kink
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amish N Raval
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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26
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Yong U, Lee S, Jung S, Jang J. Interdisciplinary approaches to advanced cardiovascular tissue engineering: ECM-based biomaterials, 3D bioprinting, and its assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/abb211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Park JH, Lee NK, Lim HJ, Ji ST, Kim YJ, Jang WB, Kim DY, Kang S, Yun J, Ha JS, Kim H, Lee D, Baek SH, Kwon SM. Pharmacological inhibition of mTOR attenuates replicative cell senescence and improves cellular function via regulating the STAT3-PIM1 axis in human cardiac progenitor cells. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:615-628. [PMID: 32273566 PMCID: PMC7210934 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway efficiently regulates the energy state of cells and maintains tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of the mTOR pathway has been implicated in several human diseases. Rapamycin is a specific inhibitor of mTOR and pharmacological inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin promote cardiac cell generation from the differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem cells. These studies strongly implicate a role of sustained mTOR activity in the differentiating functions of embryonic stem cells; however, they do not directly address the required effect for sustained mTOR activity in human cardiac progenitor cells. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of mTOR inhibition by rapamycin on the cellular function of human cardiac progenitor cells and discovered that treatment with rapamycin markedly attenuated replicative cell senescence in human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) and promoted their cellular functions. Furthermore, rapamycin not only inhibited mTOR signaling but also influenced signaling pathways, including STAT3 and PIM1, in hCPCs. Therefore, these data reveal a crucial function for rapamycin in senescent hCPCs and provide clinical strategies based on chronic mTOR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Park
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center for Advanced Pharmaceuticals & Evaluation, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea
| | - Na Kyoung Lee
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ji Lim
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Taek Ji
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Bi Jang
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Yeon Kim
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhwa Kang
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Yun
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Ha
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtae Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Hong Baek
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-040, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Mo Kwon
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Belviso I, Romano V, Sacco AM, Ricci G, Massai D, Cammarota M, Catizone A, Schiraldi C, Nurzynska D, Terzini M, Aldieri A, Serino G, Schonauer F, Sirico F, D'Andrea F, Montagnani S, Di Meglio F, Castaldo C. Decellularized Human Dermal Matrix as a Biological Scaffold for Cardiac Repair and Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:229. [PMID: 32266249 PMCID: PMC7099865 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex and highly organized environment in which cells reside consists primarily of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that delivers biological signals and physical stimuli to resident cells. In the native myocardium, the ECM contributes to both heart compliance and cardiomyocyte maturation and function. Thus, myocardium regeneration cannot be accomplished if cardiac ECM is not restored. We hypothesize that decellularized human skin might make an easily accessible and viable alternate biological scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE). To test our hypothesis, we decellularized specimens of both human skin and human myocardium and analyzed and compared their composition by histological methods and quantitative assays. Decellularized dermal matrix was then cut into 600-μm-thick sections and either tested by uniaxial tensile stretching to characterize its mechanical behavior or used as three-dimensional scaffold to assess its capability to support regeneration by resident cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) in vitro. Histological and quantitative analyses of the dermal matrix provided evidence of both effective decellularization with preserved tissue architecture and retention of ECM proteins and growth factors typical of cardiac matrix. Further, the elastic modulus of the dermal matrix resulted comparable with that reported in literature for the human myocardium and, when tested in vitro, dermal matrix resulted a comfortable and protective substrate promoting and supporting hCPC engraftment, survival and cardiomyogenic potential. Our study provides compelling evidence that dermal matrix holds promise as a fully autologous and cost-effective biological scaffold for CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Belviso
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Romano
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Sacco
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Diana Massai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcella Cammarota
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Angiolina Catizone
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic-Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Daria Nurzynska
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mara Terzini
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aldieri
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Serino
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schonauer
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Sirico
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Andrea
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Montagnani
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Di Meglio
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Clotilde Castaldo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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29
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Muniyandi P, Palaninathan V, Veeranarayanan S, Ukai T, Maekawa T, Hanajiri T, Mohamed MS. ECM Mimetic Electrospun Porous Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) Scaffolds as Potential Substrates for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E451. [PMID: 32075089 PMCID: PMC7077699 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) aims to generate potential scaffolds to mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) for recreating the injured myocardium. Highly porous scaffolds with properties that aid cell adhesion, migration and proliferation are critical in CTE. In this study, electrospun porous poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) porous scaffolds were fabricated and modified with different ECM derived proteins such as collagen, gelatin, fibronectin and poly-L-lysine. Subsequently, adult human cardiac fibroblasts (AHCF) were cultured on the protein modified and unmodified fibers to study the cell behavior and guidance. Further, the cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assessments of the respective fibers were performed to determine their biocompatibility. Excellent cell adhesion and proliferation of the cardiac fibroblasts was observed on the PLLA porous fibers regardless of the surface modifications. The metabolic rate of cells was on par with the conventional cell culture ware while the proliferation rate surpassed the latter by nearly two-folds. Proteome profiling revealed that apart from being an anchorage platform for cells, the surface topography has modulated significant expression of the cellular proteome with many crucial proteins responsible for cardiac fibroblast growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadharshni Muniyandi
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (P.M.); (T.U.); (T.M.); (T.H.)
| | - Vivekanandan Palaninathan
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (V.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Srivani Veeranarayanan
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (V.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Tomofumi Ukai
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (P.M.); (T.U.); (T.M.); (T.H.)
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (V.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (P.M.); (T.U.); (T.M.); (T.H.)
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (V.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Tatsuro Hanajiri
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (P.M.); (T.U.); (T.M.); (T.H.)
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (V.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Mohamed Sheikh Mohamed
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (P.M.); (T.U.); (T.M.); (T.H.)
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (V.P.); (S.V.)
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30
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Maxwell JT, Trac D, Shen M, Brown ME, Davis ME, Chao MS, Supapannachart KJ, Zaladonis CA, Baker E, Li ML, Zhao J, Jacobs DI. Electrical Stimulation of pediatric cardiac-derived c-kit + progenitor cells improves retention and cardiac function in right ventricular heart failure. Stem Cells 2019; 37:1528-1541. [PMID: 31574184 PMCID: PMC6916193 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 1 in every 120 children born has a congenital heart defect. Although surgical therapy has improved survival, many of these children go on to develop right ventricular heart failure (RVHF). The emergence of cardiovascular regenerative medicine as a potential therapeutic strategy for pediatric HF has provided new avenues for treatment with a focus on repairing or regenerating the diseased myocardium to restore cardiac function. Although primarily tried using adult cells and adult disease models, stem cell therapy is relatively untested in the pediatric population. Here, we investigate the ability of electrical stimulation (ES) to enhance the retention and therapeutic function of pediatric cardiac-derived c-kit+ progenitor cells (CPCs) in an animal model of RVHF. Human CPCs isolated from pediatric patients were exposed to chronic ES and implanted into the RV myocardium of rats. Cardiac function and cellular retention analysis showed electrically stimulated CPCs (ES-CPCs) were retained in the heart at a significantly higher level and longer time than control CPCs and also significantly improved right ventricular functional parameters. ES also induced upregulation of extracellular matrix and adhesion genes and increased in vitro survival and adhesion of cells. Specifically, upregulation of β1 and β5 integrins contributed to the increased retention of ES-CPCs. Lastly, we show that ES induces CPCs to release higher levels of pro-reparative factors in vitro. These findings suggest that ES can be used to increase the retention, survival, and therapeutic effect of human c-kit+ progenitor cells and can have implications on a variety of cell-based therapies. Stem Cells 2019;37:1528-1541.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T. Maxwell
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) CenterChildren's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - David Trac
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology & Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Ming Shen
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) CenterChildren's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Milton E. Brown
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology & Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Michael E. Davis
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) CenterChildren's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology & Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Myra S. Chao
- Emory University College of Arts and SciencesAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | | | | | - Emily Baker
- Emory University College of Arts and SciencesAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Martin L. Li
- Emory University College of Arts and SciencesAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jennifer Zhao
- Cornell University College of Arts and SciencesIthacaNew YorkUSA
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31
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Valiente-Alandi I, Potter SJ, Salvador AM, Schafer AE, Schips T, Carrillo-Salinas F, Gibson AM, Nieman ML, Perkins C, Sargent MA, Huo J, Lorenz JN, DeFalco T, Molkentin JD, Alcaide P, Blaxall BC. Inhibiting Fibronectin Attenuates Fibrosis and Improves Cardiac Function in a Model of Heart Failure. Circulation 2019; 138:1236-1252. [PMID: 29653926 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.034609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibronectin (FN) polymerization is necessary for collagen matrix deposition and is a key contributor to increased abundance of cardiac myofibroblasts (MFs) after cardiac injury. We hypothesized that interfering with FN polymerization or its genetic ablation in fibroblasts would attenuate MF and fibrosis and improve cardiac function after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Mouse and human MFs were used to assess the impact of the FN polymerization inhibitor (pUR4) in attenuating pathological cellular features such as proliferation, migration, extracellular matrix deposition, and associated mechanisms. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of inhibiting FN polymerization in vivo, wild-type mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of either pUR4 or control peptide (III-11C) immediately after cardiac surgery for 7 consecutive days. Mice were analyzed 7 days after I/R to assess MF markers and inflammatory cell infiltration or 4 weeks after I/R to evaluate long-term effects of FN inhibition on cardiac function and fibrosis. Furthermore, inducible, fibroblast-restricted, FN gene-ablated (Tcf21MerCreMer; Fnflox) mice were used to evaluate cell specificity of FN expression and polymerization in the heart. RESULTS pUR4 administration on activated MFs reduced FN and collagen deposition into the extracellular matrix and attenuated cell proliferation, likely mediated through decreased c-myc signaling. pUR4 also ameliorated fibroblast migration accompanied by increased β1 integrin internalization and reduced levels of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase protein. In vivo, daily administration of pUR4 for 7 days after I/R significantly reduced MF markers and neutrophil infiltration. This treatment regimen also significantly attenuated myocardial dysfunction, pathological cardiac remodeling, and fibrosis up to 4 weeks after I/R. Last, inducible ablation of FN in fibroblasts after I/R resulted in significant functional cardioprotection with reduced hypertrophy and fibrosis. The addition of pUR4 to the FN-ablated mice did not confer further cardioprotection, suggesting that the salutary effects of inhibiting FN polymerization may be mediated largely through effects on FN secreted from the cardiac fibroblast lineage. CONCLUSIONS Inhibiting FN polymerization or cardiac fibroblast gene expression attenuates pathological properties of MFs in vitro and ameliorates adverse cardiac remodeling and fibrosis in an in vivo model of heart failure. Interfering with FN polymerization may be a new therapeutic strategy for treating cardiac fibrosis and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Valiente-Alandi
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Sarah J Potter
- Division of Reproductive Sciences (S.J.P., T.D.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Ane M Salvador
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University Schools of Medicine, Boston, MA (A.M.S., F.C.-S., P.A.)
| | - Allison E Schafer
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Tobias Schips
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Francisco Carrillo-Salinas
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University Schools of Medicine, Boston, MA (A.M.S., F.C.-S., P.A.)
| | - Aaron M Gibson
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | | | - Charles Perkins
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Michelle A Sargent
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Jiuzhou Huo
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - John N Lorenz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (M.C.N., J.N.L., University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH
| | - Tony DeFalco
- Division of Reproductive Sciences (S.J.P., T.D.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University Schools of Medicine, Boston, MA (A.M.S., F.C.-S., P.A.)
| | - Burns C Blaxall
- Department of Pediatrics (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.,Ohio Heart Institute (I.V.-A., A.E.S., T.S., A.M.G., C.P., M.A.S., J.H., J.D.M., B.C.B.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
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32
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Xiao W, Green TIP, Liang X, Delint RC, Perry G, Roberts MS, Le Vay K, Back CR, Ascione R, Wang H, Race PR, Perriman AW. Designer artificial membrane binding proteins to direct stem cells to the myocardium. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7610-7618. [PMID: 31588312 PMCID: PMC6764276 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new cell membrane modification methodology where the inherent heart tissue homing properties of the infectious bacteria Streptococcus gordonii are transferred to human stem cells. This is achieved via the rational design of a chimeric protein-polymer surfactant cell membrane binding construct, comprising the cardiac fibronectin (Fn) binding domain of the bacterial adhesin protein CshA fused to a supercharged protein. Significantly, the protein-polymer surfactant hybrid spontaneously inserts into the plasma membrane of stem cells without cytotoxicity, instilling the cells with a high affinity for immobilized fibronectin. Moreover, we show that this cell membrane reengineering approach significantly improves retention and homing of stem cells delivered either intracardially or intravenously to the myocardium in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Xiao
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
| | - Thomas I P Green
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
| | - Xiaowen Liang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute , The University of Queensland , Translational Research Institute , Woolloongabba , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Rosalia Cuahtecontzi Delint
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
| | - Guillaume Perry
- Sorbonne Université , Laboratoire d'Electronique et d'Electromagnétisme, L2E , F-75005 , Paris , France
| | - Michael S Roberts
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute , The University of Queensland , Translational Research Institute , Woolloongabba , QLD 4102 , Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science , University of South Australia , Adelaide , SA 5001 , Australia
| | - Kristian Le Vay
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , University of Bristol , BS8 1FD , UK
| | - Catherine R Back
- School of Biochemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre , University of Bristol , BS8 1TQ , UK
| | - Raimomdo Ascione
- Translational Biomedical Research Centre and Bristol Heart Institute , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - Haolu Wang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute , The University of Queensland , Translational Research Institute , Woolloongabba , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Paul R Race
- School of Biochemistry , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre , University of Bristol , BS8 1TQ , UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , BS8 1TD , UK .
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre , University of Bristol , BS8 1TQ , UK
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33
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Cardiac Fibroblasts and the Extracellular Matrix in Regenerative and Nonregenerative Hearts. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6030029. [PMID: 31434209 PMCID: PMC6787677 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During the postnatal period in mammals, the heart undergoes significant remodeling and cardiac cells progressively lose their embryonic characteristics. At the same time, notable changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition occur with a reduction in the components considered facilitators of cellular proliferation, including fibronectin and periostin, and an increase in collagen fiber organization. Not much is known about the postnatal cardiac fibroblast which is responsible for producing the majority of the ECM, but during the days after birth, mammalian hearts can regenerate after injury with only a transient scar formation. This phenomenon has also been described in adult urodeles and teleosts, but relatively little is known about their cardiac fibroblasts or ECM composition. Here, we review the pre-existing knowledge about cardiac fibroblasts and the ECM during the postnatal period in mammals as well as in regenerative environments.
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34
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Broughton KM, Khieu T, Nguyen N, Rosa M, Mohsin S, Quijada P, Wang BJ, Echeagaray OH, Kubli DA, Kim T, Firouzi F, Monsanto MM, Gude NA, Adamson RM, Dembitsky WP, Davis ME, Sussman MA. Cardiac interstitial tetraploid cells can escape replicative senescence in rodents but not large mammals. Commun Biol 2019; 2:205. [PMID: 31231694 PMCID: PMC6565746 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte ploidy has been described but remains obscure in cardiac interstitial cells. Ploidy of c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells was assessed using confocal, karyotypic, and flow cytometric technique. Notable differences were found between rodent (rat, mouse) c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells possessing mononuclear tetraploid (4n) content, compared to large mammals (human, swine) with mononuclear diploid (2n) content. In-situ analysis, confirmed with fresh isolates, revealed diploid content in human c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells and a mixture of diploid and tetraploid content in mouse. Downregulation of the p53 signaling pathway provides evidence why rodent, but not human, c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells escape replicative senescence. Single cell transcriptional profiling reveals distinctions between diploid versus tetraploid populations in mouse c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells, alluding to functional divergences. Collectively, these data reveal notable species-specific biological differences in c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells, which could account for challenges in extrapolation of myocardial from preclinical studies to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Broughton
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Tiffany Khieu
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Nicky Nguyen
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Michael Rosa
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University, 3500 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, 19140 PA USA
| | - Pearl Quijada
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Bingyan J. Wang
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Oscar H. Echeagaray
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Dieter A. Kubli
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Taeyong Kim
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Fareheh Firouzi
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Megan M. Monsanto
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Natalie A. Gude
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
| | - Robert M. Adamson
- Division of Cardiology, Sharp Memorial Hospital, 8010 Frost St., San Diego, 92123 CA USA
| | - Walter P. Dembitsky
- Division of Cardiology, Sharp Memorial Hospital, 8010 Frost St., San Diego, 92123 CA USA
| | - Michael E. Davis
- Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr., Atlanta, 30322 GA USA
| | - Mark A. Sussman
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
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35
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Dergilev KV, Tsokolayeva ZI, Beloglazova IB, Ratner EI, Parfyonova EV. Epicardial Transplantation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells Based Cells Sheets is More Promising Method for Stimulation of Myocardial Regeneration, Than Conventional Cell Injections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 59:53-60. [DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2019.5.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Today, transplantation of stem / progenitor cells is a promising approach for the treatment of heart diseases. The therapeutic potential of transplanted cells directly depends on the method of delivery to the myocardium, which determines their regenerative properties. It is important for the development of effective methods of cell therapy. In this paper, we performed a comparative study of efficacy of cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) transplantation by intramyocardial needle injections and by tissue engineering constructs (TEC) – “cell sheets” consisting of cells and their extracellular matrix. It has been shown, that transplantation of TEC in comparison with the intramyocardial delivery provides more extensive distribution and retains more proliferating cellular elements in the damaged myocardium, attenuates the negative cardiac remodeling of the left ventricle and promotes its vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - E. V. Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology;
Lomonosov Moscow State University
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36
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Streeter BW, Xue J, Xia Y, Davis ME. Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Patches for the Delivery of Cardiac Progenitor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:18242-18253. [PMID: 31021079 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is the number one cause of birth defect-related death because it often leads to right ventricular heart failure (RVHF). One promising avenue to combat this RVHF is the use of cardiac patches composed of stem cells and scaffolds. Herein, we demonstrate a reparative cardiac patch by combining neonatal or child c-kit+ progenitor cells (CPCs) with a scaffold composed of electrospun polycaprolactone nanofibers. We examined different parameters of the patch, including the alignment, composition, and surface properties of the nanofibers, as well as the age of the CPCs. The patch based on uniaxially aligned nanofibers successfully aligned the CPCs. With the inclusion of gelatin in the nanofiber matrix and/or coating of fibronectin on the surface of the nanofibers, the metabolism of both neonatal and child CPCs was generally enhanced. The conditioned media collected from both patches based on aligned and random nanofibers could reduce the fibrotic gene expression in rat cardiac fibroblasts, following stimulation with transforming growth factor β. Furthermore, the conditioned media collected from the nanofiber-based patches could lead to the formation of tubes of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, indicating the pro-angiogenic capability of the patch. Taken together, the electrospun nanofiber-based patches are a suitable delivery vehicle for CPCs and can confer reparative benefit through anti-fibrotic and pro-angiogenic paracrine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Streeter
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Jiajia Xue
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Younan Xia
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
- Division of Cardiology , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
- Children's Heart Research and Outcomes (HeRO) Center , Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
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37
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Hall ML, Ogle BM. Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Modification as a Therapeutic Approach. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1098:131-150. [PMID: 30238369 PMCID: PMC6584040 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-97421-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac extracellular matrix (cECM) is comprised of proteins and polysaccharides secreted by cardiac cell types, which provide structural and biochemical support to cardiovascular tissue. The roles of cECM proteins and the associated family of cell surface receptor, integrins, have been explored in vivo via the generation of knockout experimental animal models. However, the complexity of tissues makes it difficult to isolate the effects of individual cECM proteins on a particular cell process or disease state. The desire to further dissect the role of cECM has led to the development of a variety of in vitro model systems, which are now being used not only for basic studies but also for testing drug efficacy and toxicity and for generating therapeutic scaffolds. These systems began with 2D coatings of cECM derived from tissue and have developed to include recombinant ECM proteins, ECM fragments, and ECM mimics. Most recently 3D model systems have emerged, made possible by several developing technologies including, and most notably, 3D bioprinting. This chapter will attempt to track the evolution of our understanding of the relationship between cECM and cell behavior from in vivo model to in vitro control systems. We end the chapter with a summary of how basic studies such as these have informed the use of cECM as a direct therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikayla L Hall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Brenda M Ogle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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38
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Samal R, Sappa PK, Gesell Salazar M, Wenzel K, Reinke Y, Völker U, Felix SB, Hammer E, Könemann S. Global secretome analysis of resident cardiac progenitor cells from wild-type and transgenic heart failure mice: Why ambience matters. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10111-10122. [PMID: 30575044 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Resident cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have gained attention in cardiac regenerative medicine primarily due to their paracrine activity. In our current study we determined the role of pathological conditions such as heart failure on the autocrine-paracrine action of stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) expressing CPC. This comparative secretome profiling of Sca-1+ cells derived from transgenic heart failure (αMHC-cyclin-T1/Gαq overexpression [Cyc] cells) versus healthy (wild-type [Wt] cells) mice, achieved via mass-spectrometric quantification, enabled the identification of over 700 proteins. Our results demonstrate that the heart failure milieu caused a 2-fold enrichment of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) like biglycan, versican, collagen XII, and angiogenic factors like heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in the secretome. We further elucidated the direct influence of the secretome on the functional behavior of Sca-1 + cells via in vitro tube forming assay. Secreted factors present in the diseased milieu induced tube formation in Cyc cells (1.7-fold; p < 0.01) when compared with Wt cells after 24 hr of exposure. The presence of conditioned media moderately increased the proliferation of Cyc cells but had a more pronounced effect on Wt cells. Overall, these findings revealed global modifications in the secretory activity of adult Sca-1 + cells in the heart failure milieu. The secretion of ECM proteins and angiogenic factors, which are crucial for cardiac remodeling and recovery, was notably enriched in the supernatant of Cyc cells. Thus, during heart failure the microenvironment of Sca-1 + cells might favor angiogenesis and proliferation suggesting their potential to recover the damaged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmita Samal
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Praveen Kumar Sappa
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Internal Medicine C, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kristin Wenzel
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yvonne Reinke
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan Burkhard Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elke Hammer
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Könemann
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
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39
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In situ transcriptome characteristics are lost following culture adaptation of adult cardiac stem cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12060. [PMID: 30104715 PMCID: PMC6089936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative therapeutic approaches for myocardial diseases often involve delivery of stem cells expanded ex vivo. Prior studies indicate that cell culture conditions affect functional and phenotypic characteristics, but relationship(s) of cultured cells derived from freshly isolated populations and the heterogeneity of the cultured population remain poorly defined. Functional and phenotypic characteristics of ex vivo expanded cells will determine outcomes of interventional treatment for disease, necessitating characterization of the impact that ex vivo expansion has upon isolated stem cell populations. Single-cell RNA-Seq profiling (scRNA-Seq) was performed to determine consequences of culture expansion upon adult cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) as well as relationships with other cell populations. Bioinformatic analyses demonstrate that identity marker genes expressed in freshly isolated cells become undetectable in cultured CPCs while low level expression emerges for thousands of other genes. Transcriptional profile of CPCs exhibited greater degree of similarity throughout the cultured population relative to freshly isolated cells. Findings were validated by comparative analyses using scRNA-Seq datasets of various cell types generated by multiple scRNA-Seq technology. Increased transcriptome diversity and decreased population heterogeneity in the cultured cell population may help account for reported outcomes associated with experimental and clinical use of CPCs for treatment of myocardial injury.
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40
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Cardiac differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells on elastin-like protein-based hydrogels presenting a single-cell adhesion sequence. Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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41
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Dergilev K, Tsokolaeva Z, Makarevich P, Beloglazova I, Zubkova E, Boldyreva M, Ratner E, Dyikanov D, Menshikov M, Ovchinnikov A, Ageev F, Parfyonova Y. C-Kit Cardiac Progenitor Cell Based Cell Sheet Improves Vascularization and Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling following Myocardial Infarction in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3536854. [PMID: 30046593 PMCID: PMC6036839 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3536854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The adult heart contains small populations of multipotent cardiac progenitor cells (CPC) that present a convenient and efficient resource for treatment of myocardial infarction. Several clinical studies of direct CPC delivery by injection have already been performed but showed low engraftment rate that limited beneficial effects of procedure. «Cell sheet» technology has been developed to facilitate longer retention of grafted cells and show new directions for cell-based therapy using this strategy. In this study we hypothesized that СPC-based cell sheet transplantation could improve regeneration after myocardial infarction. We demonstrated that c-kit+ CPC were able to form cell sheets on temperature-responsive surfaces. Cell sheet represented a well-organized structure, in which CPC survived, retained ability to proliferate, expressed progenitor cell marker Gata-4 formed connexin-43+ gap junctions, and were surrounded by significant amount of extracellular matrix proteins. Transplantation of cell sheets after myocardial infarction resulted in CPC engraftment as well as their proliferation, migration, and differentiation; cell sheets also stimulated neovascularization and cardiomyocyte proliferation in underlining myocardium and ameliorated left ventricular remodeling. Obtained data strongly supported potential use of CPC sheet transplantation for repair of damaged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Dergilev
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Z. Tsokolaeva
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - P. Makarevich
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. Beloglazova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. Zubkova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Boldyreva
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. Ratner
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. Dyikanov
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Menshikov
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Ovchinnikov
- Consultative and Diagnostic Department, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - F. Ageev
- Consultative and Diagnostic Department, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ye. Parfyonova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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42
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Castaldo C, Chimenti I. Cardiac Progenitor Cells: The Matrix Has You. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:506-510. [PMID: 29688622 PMCID: PMC6052608 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) are synthesized by residing cells and are continuously remodeled by them. Conversely, residing cells (including primitive cells) receive constant biochemical and mechanical signals from the ECM that modulate their biology. The pathological progression of heart failure affects all residing cells, inevitably causing profound changes in ECM composition and architecture that, in turn, impact on cell phenotypes. Any regenerative medicine approach must aim at sustaining microenvironment conditions that favor cardiogenic commitment of therapeutic cells and minimize pro‐fibrotic signals, while conversely boosting the capacity of therapeutic cells to counteract adverse remodeling of the ECM. In this Perspective article, we discuss multiple issues about the features of an optimal scaffold for supporting cardiac tissue engineering strategies with cardiac progenitor cells, and, conversely, about the possible antifibrotic mechanisms induced by cell therapy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2018;7:506–510
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Affiliation(s)
- Clotilde Castaldo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
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43
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Besser RR, Ishahak M, Mayo V, Carbonero D, Claure I, Agarwal A. Engineered Microenvironments for Maturation of Stem Cell Derived Cardiac Myocytes. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:124-140. [PMID: 29290797 PMCID: PMC5743464 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Through the use of stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes, tissue-engineered human myocardial constructs are poised for modeling normal and diseased physiology of the heart, as well as discovery of novel drugs and therapeutic targets in a human relevant manner. This review highlights the recent bioengineering efforts to recapitulate microenvironmental cues to further the maturation state of newly differentiated cardiac myocytes. These techniques include long-term culture, co-culture, exposure to mechanical stimuli, 3D culture, cell-matrix interactions, and electrical stimulation. Each of these methods has produced various degrees of maturation; however, a standardized measure for cardiomyocyte maturation is not yet widely accepted by the scientific community.
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44
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Nielsen SH, Mouton AJ, DeLeon-Pennell KY, Genovese F, Karsdal M, Lindsey ML. Understanding cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling to develop biomarkers of myocardial infarction outcomes. Matrix Biol 2017; 75-76:43-57. [PMID: 29247693 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death in industrialized countries, and myocardial infarction (MI) is a major CVD with significant morbidity and mortality. Following MI, the left ventricle (LV) undergoes a wound healing response to ischemia that results in extracellular matrix (ECM) scar formation to replace necrotic myocytes. While ECM accumulation following MI is termed cardiac fibrosis, this is a generic term that does not differentiate between ECM accumulation that occurs in the infarct region to form a scar that is structurally necessary to preserve left ventricle (LV) wall integrity and ECM accumulation that increases LV wall stiffness to exacerbate dilation and stimulate the progression to heart failure. This review focuses on post-MI LV ECM remodeling, targeting the discussion on ECM biomarkers that could be useful for predicting MI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Holm Nielsen
- Fibrosis Biology and Biomarkers, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark; Disease Systems Immunology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alan J Mouton
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Kristine Y DeLeon-Pennell
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Morten Karsdal
- Fibrosis Biology and Biomarkers, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
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45
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Bhutani S, Nachlas ALY, Brown ME, Pete T, Johnson CT, García AJ, Davis ME. Evaluation of Hydrogels Presenting Extracellular Matrix-Derived Adhesion Peptides and Encapsulating Cardiac Progenitor Cells for Cardiac Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:200-210. [PMID: 29457128 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy is an emerging paradigm for the treatment of heart disease. In spite of the exciting and promising preclinical results, the benefits of cell therapy for cardiac repair in patients have been modest at best. Biomaterials-based approaches may overcome the barriers of poor differentiation and retention of transplanted cells. In this study, we prepared and tested hydrogels presenting extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived adhesion peptides as delivery vehicles for c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). We assessed their effects on cell behavior in vitro as well as cardiac repair in rats undergoing ischemia reperfusion. Hydrogels presenting the collagen-derived GFOGER peptide induced cardiomyocyte differentiation of CPCs as demonstrated by increased expression of cardiomyocyte structural proteins. However, conditioned media obtained from GFOGER hydrogels showed lower levels of secreted reparative factors. Interestingly, following injection in rats undergoing ischemia-reperfusion, treatment with CPCs encapsulated in nonadhesive RDG-presenting hydrogels resulted in the preservation of cardiac contractility and attenuation of postinfarct remodeling whereas the adhesion peptide-presenting hydrogels did not induce any functional improvement. Retention of cells was significantly higher when delivered with nonadhesive hydrogels compared to ECM-derived peptide gels. These data suggest that factors including cell differentiation state, paracrine factors and interaction with biomaterials influence the effectiveness of biomaterials-based cell therapy. A holistic consideration of these multiple variables should be included in cell-biomaterial combination therapy designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Bhutani
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Aline L Y Nachlas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Milton E Brown
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tionne Pete
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Christopher T Johnson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30313, United States
| | - Andres J García
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30313, United States.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Drive, W200, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30313, United States.,Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 319, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.,Children's Heart Research and Outcomes Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 1760 Haygood Drive, W400, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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46
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Dubé KN, Thomas TM, Munshaw S, Rohling M, Riley PR, Smart N. Recapitulation of developmental mechanisms to revascularize the ischemic heart. JCI Insight 2017; 2:96800. [PMID: 29202457 PMCID: PMC5752387 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.96800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Restoring blood flow after myocardial infarction (MI) is essential for survival of existing and newly regenerated tissue. Endogenous vascular repair processes are deployed following injury but are poorly understood. We sought to determine whether developmental mechanisms of coronary vessel formation are intrinsically reactivated in the adult mouse after MI. Using pulse-chase genetic lineage tracing, we establish that de novo vessel formation constitutes a substantial component of the neovascular response, with apparent cellular contributions from the endocardium and coronary sinus. The adult heart reverts to its former hypertrabeculated state and repeats the process of compaction, which may facilitate endocardium-derived neovascularization. The capacity for angiogenic sprouting of the coronary sinus vein, the adult derivative of the sinus venosus, may also reflect its embryonic origin. The quiescent epicardium is reactivated and, while direct cellular contribution to new vessels is minimal, it supports the directional expansion of the neovessel network toward the infarcted myocardium. Thymosin β4, a peptide with roles in vascular development, was required for endocardial compaction, epicardial vessel expansion, and smooth muscle cell recruitment. Insight into pathways that regulate endogenous vascular repair, drawing on comparisons with development, may reveal novel targets for therapeutically enhancing neovascularization. Embryonic mechanisms are redeployed to revascularize the ischemic heart, with contributions primarily from the endocardium and coronary sinus and processes that require thymosin β4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina N Dubé
- UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tonia M Thomas
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sonali Munshaw
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mala Rohling
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Riley
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Smart
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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47
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Mochizuki M, Lorenz V, Ivanek R, Della Verde G, Gaudiello E, Marsano A, Pfister O, Kuster GM. Polo-Like Kinase 2 is Dynamically Regulated to Coordinate Proliferation and Early Lineage Specification Downstream of Yes-Associated Protein 1 in Cardiac Progenitor Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.005920. [PMID: 29066438 PMCID: PMC5721832 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggest that adult cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) can produce new cardiac cells. Such cell formation requires an intricate coordination of progenitor cell proliferation and commitment, but the molecular cues responsible for this regulation in CPCs are ill defined. Methods and Results Extracellular matrix components are important instructors of cell fate. Using laminin and fibronectin, we induced two slightly distinct CPC phenotypes differing in proliferation rate and commitment status and analyzed the early transcriptomic response to CPC adhesion (<2 hours). Ninety‐four genes were differentially regulated on laminin versus fibronectin, consisting of mostly downregulated genes that were enriched for Yes‐associated protein (YAP) conserved signature and TEA domain family member 1 (TEAD1)‐related genes. This early gene regulation was preceded by the rapid cytosolic sequestration and degradation of YAP on laminin. Among the most strongly regulated genes was polo‐like kinase 2 (Plk2). Plk2 expression depended on YAP stability and was enhanced in CPCs transfected with a nuclear‐targeted mutant YAP. Phenotypically, the early downregulation of Plk2 on laminin was succeeded by lower cell proliferation, enhanced lineage gene expression (24 hours), and facilitated differentiation (3 weeks) compared with fibronectin. Finally, overexpression of Plk2 enhanced CPC proliferation and knockdown of Plk2 induced the expression of lineage genes. Conclusions Plk2 acts as coordinator of cell proliferation and early lineage commitment in CPCs. The rapid downregulation of Plk2 on YAP inactivation marks a switch towards enhanced commitment and facilitated differentiation. These findings link early gene regulation to cell fate and provide novel insights into how CPC proliferation and differentiation are orchestrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michika Mochizuki
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vera Lorenz
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Ivanek
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Della Verde
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Gaudiello
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Marsano
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Otmar Pfister
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Kuster
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland .,Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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48
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Liu S, Jiang Z, Qiao L, Guo B, Xiao W, Zhang X, Chang L, Li Y. Integrin β-3 is required for the attachment, retention and therapeutic benefits of human cardiospheres in myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:382-389. [PMID: 29024385 PMCID: PMC5742734 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading causes of death worldwide. Stem cell therapy offers a promising option to regenerate injured myocardium. Among the various types of stem cells, cardiosphere cells represent a mixture of intrinsic heart stem cells and supporting cells. The safety and efficacy of cardiosphere cells have been demonstrated in recent clinical trials. Cell–matrix interaction plays an important role in mediating the engraftment of injected stem cells. Here, we studied the role of integrin β‐3 in cardiosphere‐mediated cell therapy in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Our results indicated that inhibiting integrin β‐3 reduced attachment, retention and therapeutic benefits of human cardiospheres in mice with acute myocardial infarction. This suggests integrin β‐3 plays an important role in cardiosphere‐mediated heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Liu
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhian Jiang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Qiao
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bingyan Guo
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenliang Xiao
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang Chang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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49
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Cardiac Progenitor Cells and the Interplay with Their Microenvironment. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7471582. [PMID: 29075298 PMCID: PMC5623801 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7471582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment plays a crucial role in the behavior of stem and progenitor cells. In the heart, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) reside in specific niches, characterized by key components that are altered in response to a myocardial infarction. To date, there is a lack of knowledge on these niches and on the CPC interplay with the niche components. Insight into these complex interactions and into the influence of microenvironmental factors on CPCs can be used to promote the regenerative potential of these cells. In this review, we discuss cardiac resident progenitor cells and their regenerative potential and provide an overview of the interactions of CPCs with the key elements of their niche. We focus on the interaction between CPCs and supporting cells, extracellular matrix, mechanical stimuli, and soluble factors. Finally, we describe novel approaches to modulate the CPC niche that can represent the next step in recreating an optimal CPC microenvironment and thereby improve their regeneration capacity.
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50
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Stine JM, Ahl GJH, Schlenker C, Rusnac DV, Briknarová K. The Interaction between the Third Type III Domain from Fibronectin and Anastellin Involves β-Strand Exchange. Biochemistry 2017; 56:4667-4675. [PMID: 28820240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Anastellin is a small recombinant fragment derived from the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin; it comprises the first type III (FN3) domain without the two N-terminal β-strands. It inhibits angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis in mouse models and requires endogenous fibronectin for its in vivo anti-angiogenic activity. It binds to fibronectin in vitro and converts the soluble protein to insoluble fibrils that structurally and functionally resemble fibronectin fibrils deposited in the extracellular matrix by cells. Anastellin binds to several FN3 domains in fibronectin, but how it interacts with these domains and why the interactions lead to aggregation of fibronectin are not well understood. In this work, we investigated the interaction between anastellin and the third FN3 domain (3FN3) from fibronectin. We show that anastellin binds with high affinity to a peptide comprising the two N-terminal β-strands from 3FN3, and we present here the structure of the resulting complex. The peptide and anastellin form a composite FN3 domain, with the two N-terminal β-strands from 3FN3 bound in place of the two β-strands that are missing in anastellin. We also demonstrate using disulfide cross-linking that a similar interaction involving the two N-terminal β-strands of 3FN3 occurs when intact 3FN3 binds to anastellin. 3FN3 adopts a compact globular fold in solution, and to interact with anastellin in a manner consistent with our data, it has to open up and expose a β-strand edge that is not accessible in the context of the folded domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana , Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Gabriel J H Ahl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana , Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Casey Schlenker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana , Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Domnita-Valeria Rusnac
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana , Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Klára Briknarová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana , Missoula, Montana 59812, United States.,Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, University of Montana , Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
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