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SERPINA1 and More? A Putative Genetic Contributor to Pulmonary Dysfunction in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051708. [PMID: 36902496 PMCID: PMC10003154 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a common inherited disorder associated with an increased risk of pulmonary disease. Its clinical presentation, including the nature and severity of organ involvement, is highly variable and unpredictable and is not as strongly linked to genotype and environmental exposure (e.g., smoking history) as might be expected. Significant differences were observed within matched populations of severe AATD patients regarding risk of complications, age at onset, and disease course, including the dynamics of lung function decline. Genetic factors are among the putative modifiers contributing to the clinical variability in AATD, yet their role remains elusive. Here, we review and summarise our current understanding of epigenetic and genetic modifiers of pulmonary dysfunction in subjects with AATD.
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Orlewska K, Klusek J, Zarębska-Michaluk D, Kocańda K, Oblap R, Cedro A, Witczak B, Klusek J, Śliwczyński A, Orlewska E. Association between Glutathione S-Transferases Gene Variants and COVID-19 Severity in Previously Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Polish Patients with Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3752. [PMID: 36834445 PMCID: PMC9965089 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As the outcome of COVID-19 is associated with oxidative stress, it is highly probable that polymorphisms of genes related to oxidative stress were associated with susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. The aim of the study was to assess the association of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) gene polymorphisms with COVID-19 severity in previously vaccinated and unvaccinated Polish patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 92 not vaccinated and 84 vaccinated patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 were included. The WHO COVID-19 Clinical Progression Scale was used to assess COVID-19 severity. GSTs genetic polymorphisms were assessed by appropriate PCR methods. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed, including logistic regression analysis. GSTP1 Ile/Val genotype was found to be associated with a higher risk of developing a severe form of the disease in the population of vaccinated patients with COVID-19 (OR: 2.75; p = 0.0398). No significant association was observed for any of the assessed GST genotypes with COVID-19 disease severity in unvaccinated patients with COVID-19. In this group of patients, BMI > 25 and serum glucose level > 99 mg% statistically significantly increased the odds towards more severe COVID-19. Our results may contribute to further understanding of risk factors of severe COVID-19 and selecting patients in need of strategies focusing on oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justyna Klusek
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Kamila Kocańda
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Ruslan Oblap
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Anna Cedro
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Bartosz Witczak
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Jolanta Klusek
- Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Andrzej Śliwczyński
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland
- Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Orlewska
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
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Genetic Variants Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Risk: Cumulative Epidemiological Evidence from Meta-Analyses and Genome-Wide Association Studies. Can Respir J 2022; 2022:3982335. [PMID: 35721789 PMCID: PMC9203202 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3982335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Last two decades, many association studies on genetic variants and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk have been published. But results from different studies are inconsistent. Therefore, we performed this article to systematically evaluate results from previous meta-analyses and genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Material and Methods. Firstly, we retrieved meta-analyses in PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure and GWASs in PubMed and GWAS catalog on or before April 7th, 2022. Then, data were extracted and screened. Finally, two main methods—Venice criteria and false-positive report probability test—were used to evaluate significant associations. Results As a result, eighty-eight meta-analyses and 5 GWASs were deemed eligible for inclusion. Fifty variants in 26 genes obtained from meta-analyses were significantly associated with COPD risk. Cumulative epidemiological evidence of an association was graded as strong for 10 variants in 8 genes (GSTM1, CHRNA, ADAM33, SP-D, TNF-α, VDBP, HMOX1, and HHIP), moderate for 6 variants in 5 genes (PI, GSTM1, ADAM33, TNF-α, and VDBP), and weak for 40 variants in 23 genes. Five variants in 4 genes showed convincing evidence of no association with COPD risk in meta-analyses. Additionally, 29 SNPs identified in GWASs were proved to be noteworthy based on the FPRP test. Conclusion In summary, more than half (52.38%) of genetic variants reported in previous meta-analyses showed no association with COPD risk. However, 13 variants in 9 genes had moderate to strong evidence for an association. This article can serve as a useful reference for further studies.
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Dey S, Eapen MS, Chia C, Gaikwad AV, Wark PAB, Sohal SS. Pathogenesis, clinical features of asthma COPD overlap (ACO), and therapeutic modalities. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 322:L64-L83. [PMID: 34668439 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00121.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Both asthma and COPD are heterogeneous diseases identified by characteristic symptoms and functional abnormalities, with airway obstruction common in both diseases. Asthma COPD overlap (ACO) does not define a single disease but is a descriptive term for clinical use that includes several overlapping clinical phenotypes of chronic airways disease with different underlying mechanisms. This literature review was initiated to describe published studies, identify gaps in knowledge, and propose future research goals regarding the disease pathology of ACO, especially the airway remodelling changes and inflammation aspects. Airway remodelling occurs in asthma and COPD, but there are differences in the structures affected and the prime anatomic site at which they occur. Reticular basement membrane thickening and cellular infiltration with eosinophils and T-helper (CD4+) lymphocytes are prominent features of asthma. Epithelial squamous metaplasia, airway wall fibrosis, emphysema, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) neutrophilia and (CD8+) T-cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltrations in the airway wall are features of COPD. There is no universally accepted definition of ACO, nor are there clearly defined pathological characteristics to differentiate from asthma and COPD. Understanding etiological concepts within the purview of inflammation and airway remodelling changes in ACO would allow better management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Dey
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mathew Suji Eapen
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Collin Chia
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Archana Vijay Gaikwad
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
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5
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van de Wetering C, Elko E, Berg M, Schiffers CHJ, Stylianidis V, van den Berge M, Nawijn MC, Wouters EFM, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Reynaert NL. Glutathione S-transferases and their implications in the lung diseases asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Early life susceptibility? Redox Biol 2021; 43:101995. [PMID: 33979767 PMCID: PMC8131726 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our lungs are exposed daily to airborne pollutants, particulate matter, pathogens as well as lung allergens and irritants. Exposure to these substances can lead to inflammatory responses and may induce endogenous oxidant production, which can cause chronic inflammation, tissue damage and remodeling. Notably, the development of asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is linked to the aforementioned irritants. Some inhaled foreign chemical compounds are rapidly absorbed and processed by phase I and II enzyme systems critical in the detoxification of xenobiotics including the glutathione-conjugating enzymes Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). GSTs, and in particular genetic variants of GSTs that alter their activities, have been found to be implicated in the susceptibility to and progression of these lung diseases. Beyond their roles in phase II metabolism, evidence suggests that GSTs are also important mediators of normal lung growth. Therefore, the contribution of GSTs to the development of lung diseases in adults may already start in utero, and continues through infancy, childhood, and adult life. GSTs are also known to scavenge oxidants and affect signaling pathways by protein-protein interaction. Moreover, GSTs regulate reversible oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins, known as protein S-glutathionylation. Therefore, GSTs display an array of functions that impact the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. In this review we will provide an overview of the specific functions of each class of mammalian cytosolic GSTs. This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of their expression profiles in the lung in healthy subjects, as well as alterations that have been described in (epithelial cells of) asthmatics and COPD patients. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging evidence of the regulatory properties of GSTs beyond detoxification and their contribution to (un)healthy lungs throughout life. By providing a more thorough understanding, tailored therapeutic strategies can be designed to affect specific functions of particular GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Evan Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Marijn Berg
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar H J Schiffers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Vasili Stylianidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Xiong R, Wu Y, Wu Q, Muskhelishvili L, Davis K, Tripathi P, Chen Y, Chen T, Bryant M, Rosenfeldt H, Healy SM, Cao X. Integration of transcriptome analysis with pathophysiological endpoints to evaluate cigarette smoke toxicity in an in vitro human airway tissue model. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1739-1761. [PMID: 33660061 PMCID: PMC8113308 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) is a known risk factor in the pathogenesis of smoking-caused diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and lung cancer. To assess the effects of CS on the function and phenotype of airway epithelial cells, we developed a novel repeated treatment protocol and comprehensively evaluated the progression of key molecular, functional, and structural abnormalities induced by CS in a human in vitro air-liquid-interface (ALI) airway tissue model. Cultures were exposed to CS (diluted with 0.5 L/min, 1.0 L/min, and 4.0 L/min clean air) generated from smoking five 3R4F University of Kentucky reference cigarettes under the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) machine smoking regimen, every other day for 4 weeks (3 days per week, 40 min/day). By integrating the transcriptomics-based approach with the in vitro pathophysiological measurements, we demonstrated CS-mediated effects on oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), ciliary function, expression and secretion of mucins, and squamous cell differentiation that are highly consistent with abnormalities observed in airways of smokers. Enrichment analysis on the transcriptomic profiles of the ALI cultures revealed key molecular pathways, such as xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses that were perturbed in response to CS exposure. These responses, in turn, may trigger aberrant tissue remodeling, eventually leading to the onset of respiratory diseases. Furthermore, changes of a panel of genes known to be disturbed in smokers with COPD were successfully reproduced in the ALI cultures exposed to CS. In summary, findings from this study suggest that such an integrative approach may be a useful tool for identifying genes and adverse cellular events caused by inhaled toxicants, like CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Yue Wu
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Qiangen Wu
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | | | - Kelly Davis
- Toxicologic Pathology Associates, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Priya Tripathi
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Matthew Bryant
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Hans Rosenfeldt
- Division of Nonclinical Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Sheila M Healy
- Division of Nonclinical Science, Center for Tobacco Products, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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Peiffer G, Underner M, Perriot J, Fond G. [COPD, anxiety-depression and cognitive disorders: Does inflammation play a major role?]. Rev Mal Respir 2021; 38:357-371. [PMID: 33820658 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
COPD is a chronic respiratory disease, often associated with extrapulmonary manifestations. Co-morbidities, including anxiety, depression and cognitive impairment, worsen its progression and quality of life. The prevalence of these disorders is high, yet they are often poorly understood and inadequately managed. In the development of psychological disorders, there is accumulated evidence highlighting the major role of systemic inflammation, as well as chronic disease, genetics, the consequences of smoking, hypoxaemia, oxidative stress, and the gut microbiome In addition to traditional treatments such as bronchodilatator medications, respiratory rehabilitation and smoking cessation, systemic inflammation is an interesting therapeutic target, with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-cytokines, and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Peiffer
- Service de pneumologie - tabacologie, CHR Metz-Thionville, 57085 Metz cedex 3, France.
| | - M Underner
- Unité de recherche clinique, université de Poitiers, centre hospitalier Henri-Laborit, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - J Perriot
- Dispensaire Émile-Roux, CLAT 63, centre de tabacologie, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - G Fond
- CEReSS, hôpital de la Conception, Marseille Université, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
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Correlation between TNF- α -308 and +489 Gene Polymorphism and Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6661281. [PMID: 33748274 PMCID: PMC7943264 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6661281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is becoming a common respiratory disease, leading to increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a powerful proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of AECOPD. Therefore, we proposed a close correlation between the TNF-α polymorphism [-308G/A (rs1800629), +489G/A (rs1800610)] and the disease progress of patients with AECOPD. Comparison of the TNF-α genotypes between the 198 AECOPD diagnosed patients groups and 195 healthy peoples suggested their significant differences of the three genotypes (AA, GA, GG) distribution for TNF-α -308 (P < 0.05), but no differences of that for TNF-α +489. We found that patients with TNF-α -308 GA/AA genotypes showed smaller adjacent arterial diameter, thicker bronchial wall, higher bronchial artery ratio, higher bronchial wall grading, and higher frequency of acute exacerbations than those with TNF-α -308 GG genotype. Patients with TNF-α +489 GA/AA genotypes showed the same AECOPD properties as patients with TNF-α -308 except for the high frequency of acute exacerbations. Further experiment showed that the TNF-α -308 and+489 gene polymorphisms could affect the expression level of TNF-α in macrophages, suggesting the involvement of the macrophage population in disease regulation of AECOPD patients with TNF-α -308G/A and+489G/A genotype heterogeneity. In conclusion, the TNF-α -308 G/A genotype was related to AECOPD susceptibility and progress, while the TNF-α +489G/A genotype was related to AECOPD progress, but not AECOPD susceptibility.
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Liu H, Tang HY, Wang RY, Xu JY. Adiponectin antagonises LPS-regulated secretion of inflammatory factors in airway epithelial cells, and its expression is regulated by many factors. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:139-147. [PMID: 33164256 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that adiponectin is closely related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the specific role of adiponectin in COPD is still not well understood. Adiponectin and IL-6 expression in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) was detected by ELISA. Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) were stimulated with TNF-α, IL-6, apoptotic cells or LPS. Then, the expression of adiponectin was detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting, and pro- and anti-inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA. Adiponectin expression in AECOPD patients increased after treatment. TNF-α and apoptotic cells promoted adiponectin expression in HBECs in a dose-dependent manner, and apoptotic cells significantly promoted adiponectin secretion. IL-6 also promoted adiponectin expression, but it inhibited adiponectin expression at high doses and with long treatment times. LPS inhibited adiponectin expression, but when HBECs were pretreated with anti-TNF-α and then treated with LPS, the expression and secretion of adiponectin increased significantly with increasing anti-TNF-α concentrations. Adiponectin stimulated the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors in HBECs, but this effect was not concentration dependent. Adiponectin promoted the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors in a dose-dependent manner. Although LPS also stimulated HBECs to secrete pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, adiponectin inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory factor secretion and enhanced anti-inflammatory factor secretion. Many factors regulate the expression and secretion of adiponectin, and adiponectin regulates the balance of the inflammatory response and inhibits further expansion of inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Many studies have shown that adiponectin is closely related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the specific role of adiponectin in COPD is still not well understood. Adiponectin expression in AECOPD patients increased after treatment. TNF-α, IL-6 and apoptotic cells promoted adiponectin expression in HBECs. Adiponectin stimulated the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors in HBECs, but this effect was not concentration dependent. Adiponectin promoted the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors in a dose-dependent manner. Adiponectin inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory factor secretion and enhanced anti-inflammatory factor secretion. Therefore, many factors regulate the expression and secretion of adiponectin, and adiponectin regulates the balance of the inflammatory response and inhibits further expansion of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huo-Yan Tang
- Respiratory medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui-Ying Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian-Ying Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Xu Y, Liu H, Song L. Novel drug delivery systems targeting oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:145. [PMID: 33076918 PMCID: PMC7570055 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is significantly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Combining antioxidant drugs or nutrients results in a noteworthy therapeutic value in animal models of COPD. However, the benefits have not been reproduced in clinical applications, this may be attributed to the limited absorption, concentration, and half-life of exogenous antioxidants. Therefore, novel drug delivery systems to combat oxidative stress in COPD are needed. This review presents a brief insight into the current knowledge on the role of oxidative stress and highlights the recent trends in novel drug delivery carriers that could aid in combating oxidative stress in COPD. The introduction of nanotechnology has enabled researchers to overcome several problems and improve the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs. Large porous microparticles, and porous nanoparticle-encapsulated microparticles are the most promising carriers for achieving effective pulmonary deposition of inhaled medication and obtaining controlled drug release. However, translating drug delivery systems for administration in pulmonary clinical settings is still in its initial phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People's Republic of China.
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Díaz-Peña R, Silva RS, Hosgood HD, Jaime S, Miravitlles M, Olloquequi J. HLA-DRB1 Alleles are Associated With COPD in a Latin American Admixed Population. Arch Bronconeumol 2020; 57:291-297. [PMID: 32948369 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the molecular mechanisms of COPD pathogenesis remain obscure, there is mounting evidence supporting a key role for autoimmunity. Although human leukocyte antigens (HLA) alleles have been repeatedly associated with autoimmune processes, the relation between HLA and COPD remains largely unexplored, especially in Latin American (LA) populations. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the presence of HLA class I and II alleles in COPD patients and healthy controls in a LA population with admixed ancestry. METHODS COPD patients (n=214) and age-matched controls (n=193) were genotyped using the Illumina Infinium Global Screening Array. The classic HLA alleles were imputed using HLA Genotype Imputation with Attribute Bagging (HIBAG) and the Hispanic reference panel. Finally, the distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles was reexamined in 510 randomly recruited unrelated volunteers. RESULTS CODP patients showed a higher HLA-DRB1*01:02 allele frequency (6.54%) than healthy controls (3.27%, p=0.04, OR=2.07). HLA-DRB1*01:02 was also significantly associated with FEV1 (p=0.04) and oxygen saturation (p=0.02), and the FEV1/FVC ratio was higher in HLA-DRB1*15:01-positive patients (p=9×10-3). CONCLUSION We report an association among HLA-DRB1 alleles, COPD risk and pulmonary function parameters for the first time in Latin Americans. Since HLA-DRB1 genetic variability relates to the individual autoimmune response, these results support a role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Díaz-Peña
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile; Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rafael S Silva
- Unidad Respiratorio, Centro de Diagnóstico Terapéutico, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sergio Jaime
- Unidad Respiratorio, Centro de Diagnóstico Terapéutico, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marc Miravitlles
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron/Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile.
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Korytina GF, Akhmadishina LZ, Kochetova OV, Aznabaeva YG, Izmailova SM, Zagidullin SZ, Victorova TV. Association of CRP, CD14, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Their Receptors (TNFA, LTA, TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B, IL1B, and IL6) Genes with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Development. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420080086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Díaz-Peña R, Boekstegers F, Silva RS, Jaime S, Hosgood HD, Miravitlles M, Agustí À, Lorenzo Bermejo J, Olloquequi J. Amerindian Ancestry Influences Genetic Susceptibility to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10030093. [PMID: 32824824 PMCID: PMC7565405 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of genetic ancestry on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) predisposition remains unclear. To explore this relationship, we analyzed the associations between 754,159 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and risk of COPD (n = 214 cases, 193 healthy controls) in Talca, Chile, considering the genetic ancestry and established risk factors. The proportion of Mapuche ancestry (PMA) was based on a panel of 45 Mapuche reference individuals. Five PRDM15 SNPs and two PPP1R12B SNPs were associate with COPD risk (p = 0.05 to 5×10-4) in those individuals with lower PMA. Based on linkage disequilibrium and sliding window analyses, an adjacent PRDM15 SNPs were associated with COPD risk in the lower PMA group (p = 10-3 to 3.77×10-8). Our study is the first to report an association between PPP1R12B and COPD risk, as well as effect modification between ethnicity and PRDM15 SNPs in determining COPD risk. Our results are biologically plausible given that PPP1R12B and PRDM15 are involved in immune dysfunction and autoimmunity, providing mechanistic evidence for COPD pathogenesis and highlighting the importance to conduct more genome wide association studies (GWAS) in admixed populations with Amerindian descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Díaz-Peña
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile;
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Oncomet, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Felix Boekstegers
- Statistical Genetics Group, Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.B.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Rafael S. Silva
- Unidad Respiratorio, Centro de Diagnóstico Terapéutico, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (R.S.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Sergio Jaime
- Unidad Respiratorio, Centro de Diagnóstico Terapéutico, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (R.S.S.); (S.J.)
| | - H. Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Marc Miravitlles
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron/Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Àlvar Agustí
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Justo Lorenzo Bermejo
- Statistical Genetics Group, Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.B.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-71-273-5728
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Kaur G, Batra S. Regulation of DNA methylation signatures on NF-κB and STAT3 pathway genes and TET activity in cigarette smoke extract-challenged cells/COPD exacerbation model in vitro. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 36:459-480. [PMID: 32342329 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge about the pathobiology of this disease and available therapies are ineffective. Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of COPD; however, not all smokers develop COPD. Exacerbations of COPD caused by microbes are common and detrimental. Approximately 20-50% of patient exacerbations are caused by bacterial colonization in the lower airways. It is generally accepted that epigenetic mechanisms, especially DNA methylation, play an important role during progression of COPD. Thus, we hypothesized that DNA methylation patterns vary significantly following smoke exposure and during exacerbations caused by bacterial infections. To test our hypothesis, we used an in vitro study model that mimics COPD exacerbations and performed extensive studies to understand the role of CpG promoter methylation of NF-κB and STAT3-mediated pathway genes. Both NF-κB and STAT3 transcription factors play critical roles in orchestrating inflammatory responses during cigarette smoke exposure. In brief, human lung adenocarcinoma cells with type II alveolar epithelium characteristics (A549) were challenged with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or DMSO (control) followed by a 3-h challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS; from Pseudomonas aeruginosa) prior to the termination of CSE exposure (COPD exacerbation group). The production of cytokines/chemokines, regulation of transcription factors, and DNA methylation of specific genes were then assessed. We also studied changes in the expression and activity of ten-eleven translocases (TETs), the enzymes responsible for DNA demethylation, and assessed their role in regulating DNA methylation in the CSE-challenged group. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the release of cytokines/chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1, IL-6 and CCL5) in the COPD exacerbation group as compared to the control group. Hypomethylation of NF-κB-mediated pathway genes correlated with their induction in our COPD exacerbation study model. Further, we observed an important role of TET1/2 in regulating the DNA methylation of NF-κB, STAT3, IKK, and NIK genes and cytokine/chemokine production by A549 cells during CSE challenge. CONCLUSIONS Studies to further define the role of TETs in CSE-mediated epigenetic regulation may lead to the development of better and more effective therapeutic intervention strategies for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunotoxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, USA
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunotoxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, USA.
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Maretzke F, Bechthold A, Egert S, Ernst JB, Melo van Lent D, Pilz S, Reichrath J, Stangl GI, Stehle P, Volkert D, Wagner M, Waizenegger J, Zittermann A, Linseisen J. Role of Vitamin D in Preventing and Treating Selected Extraskeletal Diseases-An Umbrella Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040969. [PMID: 32244496 PMCID: PMC7231149 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that vitamin D may have beneficial effects on respiratory tract, autoimmune, neuro-degenerative, and mental diseases. The present umbrella review of systematic reviews (SRs) of cohort studies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs), plus single Mendelian randomisation studies aims to update current knowledge on the potential role of vitamin D in preventing and treating these extraskeletal diseases. Altogether, 73 SRs were identified. Observational data on primary prevention suggest an inverse association between vitamin D status and the risk of acute respiratory tract infections (ARI), dementia and cognitive decline, and depression, whereas studies regarding asthma, multiple sclerosis (MS), and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are scarce. SRs of RCTs support observational data only for the risk of ARI. No respective RCTs are available for the prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), MS, and T1DM. SRs of RCTs indicate beneficial therapeutic effects in vitamin D-deficient patients with asthma and COPD, while effects on major depression and T1DM need to be further elucidated. Mendelian randomisation studies do not consistently support the results of SRs. Since several limitations of the included SRs and existing RCTs do not permit definitive conclusions regarding vitamin D and the selected diseases, further high-quality RCTs are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Maretzke
- German Nutrition Society, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (F.M.); (A.B.); (J.B.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Angela Bechthold
- German Nutrition Society, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (F.M.); (A.B.); (J.B.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Sarah Egert
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Jana B. Ernst
- German Nutrition Society, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (F.M.); (A.B.); (J.B.E.); (J.L.)
| | - Debora Melo van Lent
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Stefan Pilz
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Jörg Reichrath
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology, University Hospital Saarland, 66424 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Gabriele I. Stangl
- Institute for Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Peter Stehle
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Dorothee Volkert
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 90408 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Julia Waizenegger
- German Nutrition Society, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (F.M.); (A.B.); (J.B.E.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-228-3776-628
| | - Armin Zittermann
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany;
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- German Nutrition Society, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (F.M.); (A.B.); (J.B.E.); (J.L.)
- University Center of Health Sciences at Klinikum Augsburg (UNIKA-T), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
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Altered generation of ciliated cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17963. [PMID: 31784664 PMCID: PMC6884487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In COPD, epithelial changes are prominent features in the airways, such as goblet cell hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia. In contrast, it remains unclear whether ciliated cells are reduced and which pathways dysregulate epithelial differentiation. We hypothesized that bronchial epithelial cell lineage specification is dysregulated in COPD because of an aberrant reprogramming through transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Surgical lung tissue from 81 COPD and 61 control (smokers and non-smokers) patients was assessed for bronchial epithelial cell phenotyping by immunohistochemistry, both in situ and in vitro in reconstituted air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures. The role of TGF-β1 was studied in vitro. COPD epithelium in large airways, when compared to controls, showed decreased β-tubulin IV + ciliated cells (4.4%, 2.5–8.8% versus 8.5%, 6.3–11.8% of surface staining, median and IQR, p = 0.0009) and increased MUC5AC + goblet cells (34.8%, 24.4–41.9% versus 10.3%, 5.1–17.6%, p < 0.0001). Both features were recapitulated in the ALI-cultured epithelium from COPD patients. Exogenous TGF-β1 reduced mucociliary differentiation while neutralizing TGF-β1 during ALI increased both specialized cell types. The COPD airway epithelium displays altered differentiation for ciliated cells, which recapitulates in vitro, at least in part through TGF-β1.
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Salimi Asl M, Ahmadi A, Salimian J, Shohani S, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S, Ghanei M. TNF-α -308 G/A variant and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2019; 123:154763. [PMID: 31260854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE TNF-α -308 G/A variant is recognized to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although many studies have investigated the association of TNF-α-308 and COPD risk, a deep understanding of this association is lacking due to small subjects sizes and insufficiently study designs among different investigations. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed based on published reports on the association of TNF-α and COPD. METHOD The published studies concerned the association between TNF-α and COPD were identified using a systematic research in Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed up to April 2018. A total of 46 different papers studying the rs1800629 variant in TNF-α gene were included. Then, human studies were selected to further analysis regardless of papers language. RESULTS Based on the results, the major outcome of this meta-analysis can be represented as follows: individuals with GG and GA genotypes possess less risk of developing COPD (OR = 0.58, 95%CI: (0.44-0.79), P < 0.00) compared to AA genotype carriers. In contrast, the AA genotype carriers of the TNF-α rs1800629 has a significantly higher risk of developing COPD (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: (1.34-2.51), P < 0.00) compared to GG carrier. Despite the previous meta-analysis results which reported significantly decreasing of heterogeneity with ethnicity, we found that the source of controls has a significant contribution to observed heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Thanks to the global burden of COPD studies, proving TNF-α 308 gene variant as an independent factor in its pathogenesis opens new insights to diagnosis and management of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Salimi Asl
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Shohani
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Ito JT, Cervilha DADB, Lourenço JD, Gonçalves NG, Volpini RA, Caldini EG, Landman G, Lin CJ, Velosa APP, Teodoro WPR, Tibério IDFLC, Mauad T, Martins MDA, Macchione M, Lopes FDTQDS. Th17/Treg imbalance in COPD progression: A temporal analysis using a CS-induced model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0209351. [PMID: 30629626 PMCID: PMC6328193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses plays a pivotal role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development and progression. To clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disease, we performed a temporal analysis of immune response-mediated inflammatory progression in a cigarette smoke (CS)-induced mouse model with a focus on the balance between Th17 and Treg responses. Methods C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CS for 1, 3 or 6 months to induce COPD, and the control groups were maintained under filtered air conditions for the same time intervals. We then performed functional (respiratory mechanics) and structural (alveolar enlargement) analyses. We also quantified the NF-κB, TNF-α, CD4, CD8, CD20, IL-17, IL-6, FOXP3, IL-10, or TGF-β positive cells in peribronchovascular areas and assessed FOXP3 and IL-10 expression through double-label immunofluorescence. Additionally, we evaluated the gene expression of NF-κB and TNF in bronchiolar epithelial cells. Results Our CS-induced COPD model exhibited an increased proinflammatory immune response (increased expression of the NF-κB, TNF-α, CD4, CD8, CD20, IL-17, and IL-6 markers) with a concomitantly decreased anti-inflammatory immune response (FOXP3, IL-10, and TGF-β markers) compared with the control mice. These changes in the immune responses were associated with increased alveolar enlargement and impaired lung function starting on the first month and third month of CS exposure, respectively, compared with the control mice. Conclusion Our results showed that the microenvironmental stimuli produced by the release of cytokines during COPD progression lead to a Th17/Treg imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Tiyaki Ito
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Juliana Dias Lourenço
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Gomes Gonçalves
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rildo Aparecido Volpini
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Basic Research Laboratory on Kidney Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilles Landman
- Department of Pathology, Multi-purpose Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chin Jia Lin
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pereira Velosa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walcy Paganelli Rosolia Teodoro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton de Arruda Martins
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariangela Macchione
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) Show Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Lung Tissues. Inflammation 2018; 40:2012-2019. [PMID: 28803336 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency is increasingly recognized as a prevalent problem worldwide, especially in patients with a chronic lung disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of chronic inflammatory lung disease. Previous clinical studies have shown that COPD leads to low vitamin D levels, which further increase the severity of COPD. Vitamin D homeostasis represents one of the most important factors that potentially determine the severity of COPD. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in lung tissues are still unclear. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of VDR, we generated transgenic mice that show lung-specific VDR overexpression under the control of the surfactant protein C promoter (TG mice). The TG mice were used to study the expression patterns of proinflammatory cytokines using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The TG mice had lower levels of T helper 1 (Th1)-related cytokines than wild-type (WT) mice did. No significant differences in the expression of Th2 cytokines were observed between TG and WT mice. This study is the first to achieve lung-specific overexpression of VDR in TG mice: an interesting animal model useful for studying the relation between airway cell inflammation and vitamin D signaling. VDR expression is an important factor that influences anti-inflammatory responses in lung tissues. Our results show the crucial role of VDR in anti-inflammatory effects in lungs; these data are potentially useful for the treatment or prevention of COPD.
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Genome-wide assessment of gene-by-smoking interactions in COPD. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9319. [PMID: 29915320 PMCID: PMC6006158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27463-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure is a major risk factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its interactions with genetic variants could affect lung function. However, few gene-smoking interactions have been reported. In this report, we evaluated the effects of gene-smoking interactions on lung function using Korea Associated Resource (KARE) data with the spirometric variables—forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). We found that variations in FEV1 were different among smoking status. Thus, we considered a linear mixed model for association analysis under heteroscedasticity according to smoking status. We found a previously identified locus near SOX9 on chromosome 17 to be the most significant based on a joint test of the main and interaction effects of smoking. Smoking interactions were replicated with Gene-Environment of Interaction and phenotype (GENIE), Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis-Lung (MESA-Lung), and COPDGene studies. We found that individuals with minor alleles, rs17765644, rs17178251, rs11870732, and rs4793541, tended to have lower FEV1 values, and lung function decreased much faster with age for smokers. There have been very few reports to replicate a common variant gene-smoking interaction, and our results revealed that statistical models for gene-smoking interaction analyses should be carefully selected.
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Association between the TGF-β1 polymorphisms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170747. [PMID: 28784933 PMCID: PMC5577172 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that polymorphisms in the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) gene on chromosome 19 modify the risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, results from previous studies are contradictory. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of published case–control studies on the association between five common TGF-β1 polymorphisms (rs1982073, rs1800469, rs2241712, rs6957, and rs2241718) and COPD risk. Data sources were Pubmed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases. Twelve studies including 6749 participants were reviewed and analyzed. For the TGF-β1 polymorphism rs1982073, the results indicted that the C allele was associated with decreased risk of COPD in Caucasians (odds ratio (OR) =0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–0.99, P=0.038) but not in Asians (OR =0.95, 95% CI: 0.71–1.28, P=0.741). No associations with COPD were identified for other polymorphisms evaluated in the present study including rs1800469 (T allele compared with C allele, OR =0.89, 95% CI: 0.77–1.02, P=0.099), rs2241712 (A allele compared with G allele, OR =1.03, 95% CI: 0.89–1.20, P=0.666), rs6957 (A allele compared with G allele, OR =1.14, 95% CI: 0.95–1.36, P=0.160), and rs2241718 (C allele compared with T allele, OR =0.95, 95% CI: 0.79–1.14, P=0.571). In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed that the C allele of rs1982073 was protective against COPD in Caucasians but not in Asians, whereas there was no association of rs1800469, rs2241712, rs6957, and rs2241718 with COPD.
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Bihlet AR, Karsdal MA, Sand JMB, Leeming DJ, Roberts M, White W, Bowler R. Biomarkers of extracellular matrix turnover are associated with emphysema and eosinophilic-bronchitis in COPD. Respir Res 2017; 18:22. [PMID: 28103932 PMCID: PMC5248528 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0509-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow obstruction and loss of lung tissue mainly consisting of extracellular matrix (ECM). Three of the main ECM components are type I collagen, the main constituent in the interstitial matrix, type VI collagen, and elastin, the signature protein of the lungs. During pathological remodeling driven by inflammatory cells and proteases, fragments of these proteins are released into the bloodstream, where they may serve as biomarkers for disease phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate the lung ECM remodeling in healthy controls and COPD patients in the COPDGene study. Methods The COPDGene study recruited 10,300 COPD patients in 21 centers. A subset of 89 patients from one site (National Jewish Health), including 52 COPD patients, 12 never-smoker controls and 25 smokers without COPD controls, were studied for serum ECM biomarkers reflecting inflammation-driven type I and VI collagen breakdown (C1M and C6M, respectively), type VI collagen formation (Pro-C6), as well as elastin breakdown mediated by neutrophil elastase (EL-NE). Correlation of biomarkers with lung function, the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, and other clinical characteristics was also performed. Results The circulating concentrations of biomarkers C6M, Pro-C6, and EL-NE were significantly elevated in COPD patients compared to never-smoking control patients (all p < 0.05). EL-NE was significantly elevated in emphysema patients compared to smoking controls (p < 0.05) and never-smoking controls (p < 0.005), by more than 250%. C1M was inversely associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (r = −0.344, p = 0.001), as was EL-NE (r = −0.302, p = 0.004) and Pro-C6 (r = −0.259, p = 0.015). In the patients with COPD, Pro-C6 was correlated with percent predicted Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (r = 0.281, p = 0.046) and quality of life using SF-36. C6M and Pro-C6, were positively correlated with blood eosinophil numbers in COPD patients (r = 0.382, p = 0.006 and r = 0.351, p = 0.012, respectively). Conclusions These data suggest that type VI collagen turnover and elastin degradation by neutrophil elastase are associated with COPD-induced inflammation (eosinophil-bronchitis) and emphysema. Serological assessment of type VI collagen and elastin turnover may assist in identification of phenotypes likely to be associated with progression and amenable to precision medicine for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mustimbo Roberts
- Bristol-Meyers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville, Lawrence Township, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - Wendy White
- MedImmune, LLC, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Russell Bowler
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, 1400 Jackson Street, Room K715a, Denver, CO, 80206, USA
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23
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Djukanović R, Bruselle G, Walker S, Holgate ST, Škrgat S, Kuna P, Heaney LG, Canonica GW, Vestbo J. The era of research collaborations: new models for working together. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:1601848. [PMID: 28049174 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01848-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ratko Djukanović
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton, UK
| | - Guy Bruselle
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Samantha Walker
- Asthma UK, London, UK
- European Asthma Research and Innovation Partnership, London, UK
| | - Stephen T Holgate
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton, UK
| | - Sabina Škrgat
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Piotr Kuna
- Division of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Liam G Heaney
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - G Walter Canonica
- Allergy and Respiratory Diseases Clinic, DIMI Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa - IRCCS San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Cheng MY, Liu H, Zhang TM, Xu JY. Different forms of adiponectin reduce the apoptotic and damaging effect of cigarette smoke extract on human bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:4168-4174. [PMID: 28105143 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease, in which adiponectin may serve an important role. The present study investigated the role of adiponectin in the apoptotic and damaging effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBECs). An MTT assay showed that CSE significantly inhibited the proliferation of 16HBECs (F=1808.88, P<0.01). The 16HBECs were treated with different concentrations of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and globular domain (gAd) adiponectin and it was observed that HMW and gAd dose-dependently inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8, and the generation of 4-hydroxy-nonenal and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 16HBECs, thereby blocking the upregulating effect of CSE on these factors. However, the inhibitory effect of gAd on TNF-α and IL-8 expression was stronger compared with that of HMW, but the suppressing effect of HMW on ROS production was superior compared with that of gAd. Further testing of apoptosis indicated that CSE and HMW promoted the apoptosis of 16HBECs. However, such effects of HMW declined with an increase in concentration. In contrast, gAd showed an inhibitory effect on apoptosis and inhibited the occurrence of CSE-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that different forms of adiponectin may have different mechanisms of action, suggesting that further exploration of their effects may open a new avenue for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yu Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Tie-Mei Zhang
- Second Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jimo City People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266200, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ying Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
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Genetic Predisposition to COPD: Are There Any Relevant Genes Determining the Susceptibility to Smoking? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-0839-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Mahmood MQ, Reid D, Ward C, Muller HK, Knight DA, Sohal SS, Walters EH. Transforming growth factor (TGF) β 1 and Smad signalling pathways: A likely key to EMT-associated COPD pathogenesis. Respirology 2016; 22:133-140. [PMID: 27614607 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE COPD is characterized by poorly reversible airflow obstruction usually due to cigarette smoking. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD, and in particular a process called epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), which may well be an intermediatory between smoking and both airway fibrosis and lung cancer. The downstream classical or 'canonical' TGF-β1 pathway is via the phosphorylated (p) Smad transcription factor system. METHODS We have investigated TGF-β1 expression and its 'pSmad fingerprint' in bronchoscopic airway biopsies from patients with COPD, and in smoking and non-smoking controls. A cross-sectional immunohistochemical study compared TGF-β1 and pSmad 2, 3 (excitatory) and 7 (inhibitory) expression in cells and blood vessels of three compartments of large airways: epithelium (especially the basal region), reticular basement membrane (Rbm) and underlying lamina propria (LP). RESULTS TGF-β1 expression was generally higher in COPD subjects throughout the airway wall (P < 0.01), while pSmad 2/3 expression was associated with smoking especially in current smoking COPD (P < 0.05). Expression of inhibitory pSmad 7 was also prominently reduced in patients with COPD in contrast to smokers and controls (P < 0.01). In addition, pSmad, but not TGF-β1 expression, was related to airflow obstruction and a canonical EMT biomarker (S100 A4) expression. CONCLUSION Activation of the Smad pathway in the airways is linked to EMT activity and loss of lung function. The disconnection between TGF-β1 and pSmad in terms of relationships to EMT activity and lung function suggests that factors other than or in addition to TGF-β1 are driving the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Q Mahmood
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - David Reid
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Iron Metabolism Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chris Ward
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hans K Muller
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Darryl A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder S Sohal
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Faculty of Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Eugene H Walters
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Silverman EK. Risk of Lung Disease in PI MZ Heterozygotes. Current Status and Future Research Directions. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016; 13 Suppl 4:S341-5. [PMID: 27564671 PMCID: PMC5059493 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201507-437kv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential for increased chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk among PI MZ subjects was initially recognized decades ago. However, despite many studies of this topic, it has remained controversial whether such increased risk exists. Several recent studies in large populations strongly support increased risk for COPD among PI MZ subjects. This increased PI MZ risk will need to be understood in the context of other identified COPD genetic determinants and investigations of COPD phenotypic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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28
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Dou L, Yu B, Han K, Xiao M, Liu Y, Lv F. Association of IL-6 polymorphisms with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk: meta-analysis of genetic association, gene expression and expression quantitative trait locus analysis. Per Med 2016; 13:395-403. [PMID: 29749812 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim: IL-6 might play an important role in the mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed the relationship of rs1800796 and rs1800797 of IL-6 with COPD. Materials & methods: We conducted meta-analysis and gene expression analysis using published datasets to examine the associations between IL-6 SNPs and COPD. Results: rs1800796 was significantly associated with COPD, yielding a pooled odds ratio of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33–0.84; p = 0.007), and showed cis-expression quantitative trait locus associations (p = 0.02148). Differential gene expression analysis found that IL-6 was upregulated in COPD cases compared with controls. The associations of rs1800797 with COPD were not significant. Conclusion: The findings showed that rs1800796 was associated with COPD in Europeans and might affect COPD risk through disturbing IL-6 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Dou
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Baiquan Yu
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Kaiyu Han
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Mochao Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Fuzhen Lv
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
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29
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Zhang L, Gu H, Gu Y, Zeng X. Association between TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism and COPD susceptibility: a meta-analysis update. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:1367-79. [PMID: 27382273 PMCID: PMC4922767 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s105394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The association between TNF-α −308 G/A polymorphism and COPD remains controversial due to insufficiently strict study designs and small group sizes among different studies. In the present study, a meta-analysis update which followed a stricter procedure was performed to obtain a clearer understanding of this association. Methods A comprehensive database search was conducted to identify the case–control studies published up to July 2015 which reported an association between the TNF-α −308 G/A polymorphism and COPD risk. Data were extracted to calculate pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals under the most appropriate genetic and allelic models. Sensitivity was analyzed, and heterogeneity as well as publication bias was assessed. Results Thirty-eight eligible studies, comprising 3,951 COPD cases and 5,110 controls, were included in this study, among which 22 studies comprising 2,067 COPD cases and 2,167 controls were performed in Asians, and 16 studies comprising 1,884 COPD cases and 2,943 controls were in non-Asians. The overall result showed that TNF-α −308 G/A polymorphisms were significantly associated with increased COPD risk in both the codominant genetic and allelic models. Individuals with the GA or AA genotype were more susceptible to COPD development than those with the GG genotype. In addition, individuals with the AA genotype were more susceptible to developing COPD than those with the GA genotype. The subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity supported the results in Asians but not in non-Asians. However, no association was found between TNF-α −308 G/A polymorphisms and COPD susceptibility either in Asians or in non-Asians in the meta-analysis conducted with restriction to former/current smokers. Conclusion The present meta-analysis suggested that the TNF-α −308 G/A polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of COPD among Asians but not in non-Asians. Furthermore, individuals with the AA genotype of TNF-α −308 were more susceptible to developing COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihang Gu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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An L, Lin Y, Yang T, Hua L. Exploring the interaction among EPHX1, GSTP1, SERPINE2, and TGFB1 contributing to the quantitative traits of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Chinese Han population. Hum Genomics 2016; 10:13. [PMID: 27193053 PMCID: PMC4870730 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-016-0076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, the majority of genetic association studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk focused on identifying the individual effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as well as their interaction effects on the disease. However, conventional genetic studies often use binary disease status as the primary phenotype, but for COPD, many quantitative traits have the potential correlation with the disease status and closely reflect pathological changes. Method Here, we genotyped 44 SNPs from four genes (EPHX1, GSTP1, SERPINE2, and TGFB1) in 310 patients and 203 controls which belonged to the Chinese Han population to test the two-way and three-way genetic interactions with COPD-related quantitative traits using recently developed generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) and quantitative multifactor dimensionality reduction (QMDR) algorithms. Results Based on the 310 patients and the whole samples of 513 subjects, the best gene-gene interactions models were detected for four lung-function-related quantitative traits. For the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), the best interaction was seen from EPHX1, SERPINE2, and GSTP1. For FEV1%pre, the forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC, the best interactions were seen from SERPINE2 and TGFB1. Conclusion The results of this study provide further evidence for the genotype combinations at risk of developing COPD in Chinese Han population and improve the understanding on the genetic etiology of COPD and COPD-related quantitative traits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40246-016-0076-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yingxiang Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lin Hua
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Schwartz AG, Cote ML. Epidemiology of Lung Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 893:21-41. [PMID: 26667337 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-24223-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be one of the most common causes of cancer death despite understanding the major cause of the disease: cigarette smoking. Smoking increases lung cancer risk 5- to 10-fold with a clear dose-response relationship. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among nonsmokers increases lung cancer risk about 20%. Risks for marijuana and hookah use, and the new e-cigarettes, are yet to be consistently defined and will be important areas for continued research as use of these products increases. Other known environmental risk factors include exposures to radon, asbestos, diesel, and ionizing radiation. Host factors have also been associated with lung cancer risk, including family history of lung cancer, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and infections. Studies to identify genes associated with lung cancer susceptibility have consistently identified chromosomal regions on 15q25, 6p21 and 5p15 associated with lung cancer risk. Risk prediction models for lung cancer typically include age, sex, cigarette smoking intensity and/or duration, medical history, and occupational exposures, however there is not yet a risk prediction model currently recommended for general use. As lung cancer screening becomes more widespread, a validated model will be needed to better define risk groups to inform screening guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann G Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Michele L Cote
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Barnes PJ, Burney PGJ, Silverman EK, Celli BR, Vestbo J, Wedzicha JA, Wouters EFM. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2015; 1:15076. [PMID: 27189863 DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease with high global morbidity and mortality. COPD is characterized by poorly reversible airway obstruction, which is confirmed by spirometry, and includes obstruction of the small airways (chronic obstructive bronchiolitis) and emphysema, which lead to air trapping and shortness of breath in response to physical exertion. The most common risk factor for the development of COPD is cigarette smoking, but other environmental factors, such as exposure to indoor air pollutants - especially in developing countries - might influence COPD risk. Not all smokers develop COPD and the reasons for disease susceptibility in these individuals have not been fully elucidated. Although the mechanisms underlying COPD remain poorly understood, the disease is associated with chronic inflammation that is usually corticosteroid resistant. In addition, COPD involves accelerated ageing of the lungs and an abnormal repair mechanism that might be driven by oxidative stress. Acute exacerbations, which are mainly triggered by viral or bacterial infections, are important as they are linked to a poor prognosis. The mainstay of the management of stable disease is the use of inhaled long-acting bronchodilators, whereas corticosteroids are beneficial primarily in patients who have coexisting features of asthma, such as eosinophilic inflammation and more reversibility of airway obstruction. Apart from smoking cessation, no treatments reduce disease progression. More research is needed to better understand disease mechanisms and to develop new treatments that reduce disease activity and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Peter G J Burney
- Division of Medical Genetics and Population Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bartolome R Celli
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Centre of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Manchester Academic Science Centre, University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jadwiga A Wedzicha
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Impact of CYP1A1 Polymorphisms on Susceptibility to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:942958. [PMID: 26425562 PMCID: PMC4573875 DOI: 10.1155/2015/942958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Several studies have evaluated the association between CYP1A1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with inconclusive results. We performed the first comprehensive meta-analysis to summarize the association between CYP1A1 polymorphisms and COPD risk. Method. A systematic literature search was conducted (up to April 2015) in five online databases: PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WeiPu, and WanFang databases. The strength of association was calculated by odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. Seven case-control studies with 1050 cases and 1202 controls were included. Our study suggested a significant association between the MspI polymorphism and COPD risk (CC versus TC + TT: OR = 1.57, CI: 1.09–2.26, P = 0.02; CC versus TT: OR = 1.73, CI: 1.18–2.55, P = 0.005). For the Ile/Val polymorphism, a significant association with COPD risk was observed (GG versus AG + AA: OR = 2.75, CI: 1.29–5.84, P = 0.009; GG versus AA: OR = 3.23, CI: 1.50–6.93, P = 0.003; AG versus AA: OR = 1.39, CI: 1.01–1.90, P = 0.04). Subgroup analysis indicated a significant association between the MspI variation and COPD risk among Asians (CC versus TC + TT: OR = 1.70, CI: 1.06–2.71, P = 0.03; CC versus TT: OR = 1.84, CI: 1.11–3.06, P = 0.02). Conclusion. The MspI and Ile/Val polymorphisms might alter the susceptibility of COPD, and MspI polymorphism might play a role in COPD risk among Asian population.
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Bihlet AR, Karsdal MA, Bay-Jensen AC, Read S, Kristensen JH, Sand JMB, Leeming DJ, Andersen JR, Lange P, Vestbo J. Clinical Drug Development Using Dynamic Biomarkers to Enable Personalized Health Care in COPD. Chest 2015; 148:16-23. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.15-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection is a common phenomenon following stroke, and adversely affects outcome. Previous studies suggest that interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL1RN gene might influence the risk of post-stroke infection and outcome. In this study, we addressed the effects of the rs4251961 SNP in IL1RN on infection risk and outcome. METHODS Subjects with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled within 72 h of symptom onset and followed up to 1 year. Plasma IL-1ra was measured at multiple time points and outcome assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Active surveillance for infection occurred while subjects were hospitalized. Subjects were genotyped for the IL1RN rs4251961 polymorphism. RESULTS In the population of 113 subjects for this study, those with the minor C allele of rs4251961 polymorphism in IL1RN were more likely to be Caucasian, hypertensive, and to be afflicted with coronary heart disease. Higher plasma IL-1ra was associated with an increased risk of infection (other than pneumonia), and the minor C allele of rs4251961 was independently associated with a decreased risk of infection (other than pneumonia). Initial plasma IL-1ra was not predictive of long-term outcome, but patients with the minor C allele of rs4251961 were more likely to experience good (modified Rankin Score <2) long-term outcome. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that IL-1ra and IL1RN may influence the risk of infection after stroke, but this influence seems limited to infections other than pneumonia. Further studies are needed to better understand the complexities of immune regulation on infection and outcome after stroke.
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Gohy ST, Hupin C, Fregimilicka C, Detry BR, Bouzin C, Gaide Chevronay H, Lecocq M, Weynand B, Ladjemi MZ, Pierreux CE, Birembaut P, Polette M, Pilette C. Imprinting of the COPD airway epithelium for dedifferentiation and mesenchymal transition. Eur Respir J 2015; 45:1258-72. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00135814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), epithelial changes and subepithelial fibrosis are salient features in conducting airways. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been recently suggested in COPD, but the mechanisms and relationship to peribronchial fibrosis remain unclear. We hypothesised that de-differentiation of the COPD respiratory epithelium through EMT could participate in airway fibrosis and thereby, in airway obstruction.Surgical lung tissue and primary broncho-epithelial cultures (in air–liquid interface (ALI)) from 104 patients were assessed for EMT markers. Cell cultures were also assayed for mesenchymal features and for the role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.The bronchial epithelium from COPD patients showed increased vimentin and decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression. Increased vimentin expression correlated with basement membrane thickening and airflow limitation. ALI broncho-epithelial cells from COPD patients also displayed EMT phenotype in up to 2 weeks of culture, were more spindle shaped and released more fibronectin. Targeting TGF-β1 during ALI differentiation prevented vimentin induction and fibronectin release.In COPD, the airway epithelium displays features of de-differentiation towards mesenchymal cells, which correlate with peribronchial fibrosis and airflow limitation, and which are partly due to a TGF-β1-driven epithelial reprogramming.
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Belbasis L, Panagiotou OA, Dosis V, Evangelou E. A systematic appraisal of field synopses in genetic epidemiology: a HuGE review. Am J Epidemiol 2015; 181:1-16. [PMID: 25504025 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from genetic association studies is accumulating rapidly. Field synopses have recently arisen as an unbiased way of systematically synthesizing this evidence. We performed a systematic review and appraisal of published field synopses in genetic epidemiology and assessed their main findings and methodological characteristics. We identified 61 eligible field synopses, published between January 1, 2007, and October 31, 2013, on 52 outcomes reporting 734 significant associations at the P < 0.05 level. The median odds ratio for these associations was 1.25 (interquartile range, 1.15-1.43). Egger's test was the most common method (n = 30 synopses) of assessing publication bias. Only 12 synopses (20%) used the Venice criteria to evaluate the epidemiologic credibility of their findings (n = 449 variants). Eleven synopses (18%) were accompanied by an online database that has been regularly updated. These synopses received more citations (P = 0.01) and needed a larger research team (P = 0.02) than synopses without an online database. Overall, field synopses are becoming a valuable tool for the identification of common genetic variants, especially when researchers follow relevant methodological guidelines. Our work provides a summary of the current status of the field synopses published to date and may help interested readers efficiently identify the online resources containing the relevant genetic evidence.
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Horita N, Miyazawa N, Tomaru K, Inoue M, Ishigatsubo Y, Kaneko T. Vitamin D binding protein genotype variants and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis. Respirology 2014; 20:219-25. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Horita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital; Yokohama Japan
| | - Naoki Miyazawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital; Yokohama Japan
| | - Koji Tomaru
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital; Yokohama Japan
| | - Miyo Inoue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital; Yokohama Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology; Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine; Yokohama Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Pulmonology; Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine; Yokohama Japan
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Zhao R, Liang X, Zhao M, Liu SL, Huang Y, Idell S, Li X, Ji HL. Correlation of apical fluid-regulating channel proteins with lung function in human COPD lungs. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109725. [PMID: 25329998 PMCID: PMC4201481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Links between epithelial ion channels and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) are emerging through animal model and in vitro studies. However, clinical correlations between fluid-regulating channel proteins and lung function in COPD remain to be elucidated. To quantitatively measure epithelial sodium channels (ENaC), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and aquaporin 5 (AQP5) proteins in human COPD lungs and to analyze the correlation with declining lung function, quantitative western blots were used. Spearman tests were performed to identify correlations between channel proteins and lung function. The expression of α and β ENaC subunits was augmented and inversely associated with lung function. In contrast, both total and alveolar type I (ATI) and II (ATII)-specific CFTR proteins were reduced. The expression level of CFTR proteins was associated with FEV1 positively. Abundance of AQP5 proteins and extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) was decreased and correlated with spirometry test results and gas exchange positively. Furthermore, these channel proteins were significantly associated with severity of disease. Our study demonstrates that expression of ENaC, AQP5, and CFTR proteins in human COPD lungs is quantitatively associated with lung function and severity of COPD. These apically located fluid-regulating channels may thereby serve as biomarkers and potent druggable targets of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhen Zhao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xinrong Liang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Meimi Zhao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shan-Lu Liu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Steven Idell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiumin Li
- Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hong-Long Ji
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Jin Y, Wan Y, Chen G, Chen L, Zhang MQ, Deng L, Zhang JC, Xiong XZ, Xin JB. Treg/IL-17 ratio and Treg differentiation in patients with COPD. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111044. [PMID: 25329073 PMCID: PMC4199736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic pulmonary and systematic inflammation. An abnormal adaptive immune response leads to an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory processes. T-helper (Th), T-cytotoxic (Tc) and T-regulatory (Treg) cells may play important roles in immune and inflammatory responses. This study was conducted to clarify the changes and imbalance of cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with COPD, especially during acute exacerbations (AECOPD). Methods Twenty-three patients with stable COPD (SCOPD) and 21 patients with AECOPD were enrolled in the present study. In addition, 20 age-, sex- and weight-matched non-smoking healthy volunteers were included as controls. The serum levels of selected cytokines (TGF-β, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-9) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Furthermore, the T lymphocyte subsets collected from peripheral blood samples were evaluated by flow cytometry after staining with anti-CD3-APC, anti-CD4-PerCP, anti-CD8- PerCP, anti-CD25-FITC and anti-FoxP3-PE monoclonal antibodies. Importantly, to remove the confounding effects of inflammatory factors, the authors introduced a concept of “inflammation adjustment” and corrected each measured value using representative inflammatory markers, such as TNF-α and IL-17. Results Unlike the other cytokines, serum TGF-β levels were considerably higher in patients with AECOPD relative to the control group regardless of adjustment. There were no significant differences in the percentages of either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells among the three groups. Although Tregs were relatively upregulated during acute exacerbations, their capacities of generation and differentiation were far from sufficient. Finally, the authors noted that the ratios of Treg/IL-17 were similar among groups. Conclusions These observations suggest that in patients with COPD, especially during acute exacerbations, both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reactions are strengthened, with the pro-inflammatory reactions dominating. Although the Treg/IL-17 ratios were normal, the regulatory T cells were still insufficient to suppress the accompanying increases in inflammation. All of these changes suggest a complicated mechanism of pro- and anti-inflammatory imbalance which needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Chu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jian-Bao Xin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chen X, Xu X, Xiao F. Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype. Front Med 2014; 7:425-32. [PMID: 24234678 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-013-0295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is mainly characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Given that multiple systems other than the lung can be impaired in COPD patients, the traditional FEV1/FVC ratio shows many limitations in COPD diagnosis and assessment. Certain heterogeneities are found in terms of clinical manifestations, physiology, imaging findings, and inflammatory reactions in COPD patients; thus, phenotyping can provide effective information for the prognosis and treatment. However, phenotypes are often based on symptoms or pathophysiological impairments in late-stage COPD, and the role of phenotypes in COPD prevention and early diagnosis remains unclear. This shortcoming may be overcome by the potential genotypes defined by the heterogeneities in certain genes. This review briefly describes the heterogeneity of COPD, with focus on recent advances in the correlations between genotypes and phenotypes. The potential roles of these genotypes and phenotypes in the molecular mechanisms and management of COPD are also elucidated.
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Tarnoki DL, Tarnoki AD, Lazar Z, Korom C, Berczi V, Horvath I, Karlinger K. A possible genetic influence in parenchyma and small airway changes in COPD: a pilot study of twins using HRCT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 101:167-75. [PMID: 24901078 DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.101.2014.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Genetic effects that contribute to the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been reported. Our purpose was to estimate the possible genetic influence on CT features related to COPD in twins. METHODS Two COPD-discordant and one COPD-concordant monozygotic (MZ) twin pair, in addition to 2 control dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs underwent a low-dose high resolution computer tomography (HRCT) in inspiration and expiration (Philips Brilliance 16). RESULTS Monozygotic twins were more similar in lung volume expiration and in air trapping score compared to dizygotics (382 cm(3) vs. 2303 cm(3) and 17.6% vs. 26.6%, respectively). In general, MZ twin pairs showed almost identical HRCT features independently of smoking attitude and COPD status. The dizygotic twin pairs showed larger differences in HRCT features compared to MZ twins. CONCLUSIONS Lung parenchymal and small airway changes (lung density, presence of bronchial wall thickening, bronchiectasis and/or mucus plug formation, air trapping and emphysema score) seem to be genetically associated traits, independently of smoking/COPD history. A future study with a larger sample size should confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Tarnoki
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - A D Tarnoki
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - Zs Lazar
- Semmelweis University Department of Pulmonology Budapest Hungary
| | - Cs Korom
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - V Berczi
- Semmelweis University Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Üllői út 78/a H-1082 Budapest Hungary
| | - I Horvath
- Semmelweis University Department of Pulmonology Budapest Hungary
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Smolonska J, Koppelman GH, Wijmenga C, Vonk JM, Zanen P, Bruinenberg M, Curjuric I, Imboden M, Thun GA, Franke L, Probst-Hensch NM, Nürnberg P, Riemersma RA, van Schayck CP, Loth DW, Brusselle GG, Stricker BH, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Lahousse L, London SJ, Loehr LR, Manichaikul A, Barr RG, Donohue KM, Rich SS, Pare P, Bossé Y, Hao K, van den Berge M, Groen HJM, Lammers JWJ, Mali W, Boezen HM, Postma DS. Common genes underlying asthma and COPD? Genome-wide analysis on the Dutch hypothesis. Eur Respir J 2014; 44:860-72. [PMID: 24993907 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00001914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are thought to share a genetic background ("Dutch hypothesis"). We investigated whether asthma and COPD have common underlying genetic factors, performing genome-wide association studies for both asthma and COPD and combining the results in meta-analyses. Three loci showed potential involvement in both diseases: chr2p24.3, chr5q23.1 and chr13q14.2, containing DDX1, COMMD10 (both participating in the nuclear factor (NF) κβ pathway) and GNG5P5, respectively. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs9534578 in GNG5P5 reached genome-wide significance after first replication phase (p=9.96×10(-9)). The second replication phase, in seven independent cohorts, provided no significant replication. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis in blood cells and lung tissue on the top 20 associated SNPs identified two SNPs in COMMD10 that influenced gene expression. Inflammatory processes differ in asthma and COPD and are mediated by NF-κβ, which could be driven by the same underlying genes, COMMD10 and DDX1. None of the SNPs reached genome-wide significance. Our eQTL studies support a functional role for two COMMD10 SNPs, since they influence gene expression in both blood cells and lung tissue. Our findings suggest that there is either no common genetic component in asthma and COPD or, alternatively, different environmental factors, e.g. lifestyle and occupation in different countries and continents, which may have obscured the genetic common contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Smolonska
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Dept of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Zanen
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Bruinenberg
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Curjuric
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gian-Andri Thun
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lude Franke
- Dept of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole M Probst-Hensch
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland A Riemersma
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Daan W Loth
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Netherlands Healthcare Inspectorate, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Guy G Brusselle
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno H Stricker
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Netherlands Healthcare Inspectorate, The Hague, The Netherlands Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands Dept of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephanie J London
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Dept of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Dept of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Dept of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen M Donohue
- Dept of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Peter Pare
- Respiratory Division, Dept of Medicine, University of British Columbia James Hogg Research Centre, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire De Cardiologie Et De Pneumologie De Québec, Dept of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ke Hao
- Dept of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem J Lammers
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Mali
- Dept of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H Marike Boezen
- Dept of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lack of association between the G+2044A polymorphism of interleukin-13 gene and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:6297-303. [PMID: 24990692 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated association of interleukin-13 (IL-13) G+2044A polymorphism with COPD susceptibility; however, the results were inconsistent and inconclusive. To evaluate the association between the IL-13 G+2044A polymorphism and susceptibility to COPD, a meta-analysis of published case-control studies was performed. Based on PubMed and Chinese database, this research selected studies that examined the association of the IL-13 G+2044A polymorphism with COPD. A genetic model-free approach was used to assess whether the combined data showed this association. Then a subgroup analysis was also performed, with stratifications for race, study design, and sample size. Six studies (total 1,213 COPD patients and 801 control subjects) for the IL-13 G+2044A polymorphism with COPD were included in the meta-analysis (G- vs A-allele: OR 1.12, 95 % CI 0.96-1.32, P = 0.15; genotypes GG+GA vs genotype AA: OR 0.99, 95 % CI 0.49-2.00, P = 0.98; genotype GG vs genotypes GA+AA: OR 1.18, 95 % CI 0.97-1.44, P = 0.09; genotype GA vs genotypes GG+AA: OR 0.85, 95 % CI 0.70-1.04, P = 0.11). This meta-analysis demonstrates that the IL-13 G+2044A polymorphism does not confer susceptibility to COPD. More detailed data about individual and environment, larger sample sizes with unbiased genotyping methods and matched controls in different populations are required.
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Xiao M, Guo L, Wang T, Zhu T, Jia L, Chen L, Wen F. Interleukin-1B-31T/C promoter polymorphism and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk: a meta-analysis. Arch Med Sci 2014; 10:434-8. [PMID: 25097571 PMCID: PMC4107249 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.43737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of interleukin (IL)-1β -31T/C promoter polymorphism in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been studied with inconsistent results. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the association of IL-1β -31T/C promoter polymorphism with COPD susceptibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS Published case-control studies from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were retrieved. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS Six case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled effect size showed that IL-1β -31T/C was significantly associated with COPD susceptibility in an overdominant genetic model (CC+TT vs. TC, OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63-0.94), indicating that homozygotes (CC and TT) had a decreased risk for COPD compared with heterozygotes (TC). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the results indicated that IL-1β -31T/C was significantly correlated with COPD susceptibility in Asians (overdominant model, OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.93), further suggesting a protective role of IL-1β -31T/C in COPD pathogenesis in Asians. Moreover, after excluding the study without Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the pooled results were robust and no publication bias was found in this study. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that IL-1β -31T/C promoter polymorphism confers protection against COPD in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiao
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingli Guo
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuqun Jia
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Funqiang Wen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Hardin M, Silverman EK. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Genetics: A Review of the Past and a Look Into the Future. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES-JOURNAL OF THE COPD FOUNDATION 2014; 1:33-46. [PMID: 28848809 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.1.1.2014.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects over 10 million Americans.1 This complex disorder demonstrates many different presentations in a wide variety of patients, and results from a combination of environmental exposures and genetic risk factors. Smoking alone does not result in COPD: not all smokers develop COPD and lung function decline among smokers is highly variable. There is growing evidence for genetic risk factors for COPD: early familial aggregation and linkage analysis studies strongly suggested genetic contributions to COPD, and recent genome-wide association studies have identified several genomic regions that are clearly related to COPD susceptibility. However, despite recent advances in COPD genetics, much of the heritability of COPD remains unexplained, and functional studies are only beginning to elucidate a role for the genetic associations that have been identified. Despite this, the future is bright for understanding the genetics of COPD. Improvements in COPD phenotyping, collaborations among COPD study cohorts, and novel integrative approaches to identifying genetic markers all promise to unravel much of this missing heritability and ultimately lead to improvements in our understanding of COPD susceptibility and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hardin
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Vucic EA, Chari R, Thu KL, Wilson IM, Cotton AM, Kennett JY, Zhang M, Lonergan KM, Steiling K, Brown CJ, McWilliams A, Ohtani K, Lenburg ME, Sin DD, Spira A, MacAulay CE, Lam S, Lam WL. DNA methylation is globally disrupted and associated with expression changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease small airways. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:912-22. [PMID: 24298892 PMCID: PMC4068945 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0304oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that is highly disrupted in response to cigarette smoke and involved in a wide spectrum of malignant and nonmalignant diseases, but surprisingly not previously assessed in small airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Small airways are the primary sites of airflow obstruction in COPD. We sought to determine whether DNA methylation patterns are disrupted in small airway epithelia of patients with COPD, and evaluate whether changes in gene expression are associated with these disruptions. Genome-wide methylation and gene expression analysis were performed on small airway epithelial DNA and RNA obtained from the same patient during bronchoscopy, using Illumina's Infinium HM27 and Affymetrix's Genechip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays. To control for known effects of cigarette smoking on DNA methylation, methylation and gene expression profiles were compared between former smokers with and without COPD matched for age, pack-years, and years of smoking cessation. Our results indicate that aberrant DNA methylation is (1) a genome-wide phenomenon in small airways of patients with COPD, and (2) associated with altered expression of genes and pathways important to COPD, such as the NF-E2-related factor 2 oxidative response pathway. DNA methylation is likely an important mechanism contributing to modulation of genes important to COPD pathology. Because these methylation events may underlie disease-specific gene expression changes, their characterization is a critical first step toward the development of epigenetic markers and an opportunity for developing novel epigenetic therapeutic interventions for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Vucic
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raj Chari
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kelsie L. Thu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian M. Wilson
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Allison M. Cotton
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Y. Kennett
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - May Zhang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kim M. Lonergan
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katrina Steiling
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Carolyn J. Brown
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Annette McWilliams
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Keishi Ohtani
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc E. Lenburg
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Don D. Sin
- University of British Columbia James Hogg Research Centre and the Institute of Heart and Lung Health, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Avrum Spira
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Calum E. MacAulay
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wan L. Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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48
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α-1-Antitrypsin deficiency: clinical variability, assessment, and treatment. Trends Mol Med 2013; 20:105-15. [PMID: 24380646 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The recognition of α-1-antitrypsin deficiency, its function, and its role in predisposition to the development of severe emphysema was a watershed in our understanding of the pathophysiology of the condition. This led to the concept and development of intravenous replacement therapy used worldwide to protect against lung damage induced by neutrophil elastase. Nevertheless, much remained unknown about the deficiency and its impact, although in recent years the genetic and clinical variations in manifestation have provided new insights into assessing impact, efficacy of therapy, and development of new therapeutic strategies, including gene therapy, and outcome measures, such as biomarkers and computed tomography. The current article reviews this progress over the preceding 50 years.
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49
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Boezen HM, Mannino DM. The future of nature versus nurture in understanding chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 188:891-2. [PMID: 24127794 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201309-1594ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Marike Boezen
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen, The Netherlands
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50
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Liao SY, Lin X, Christiani DC. Gene-environment interaction effects on lung function- a genome-wide association study within the Framingham heart study. Environ Health 2013; 12:101. [PMID: 24289273 PMCID: PMC3882096 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-12-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies in occupational exposure and lung function have focused only on the main effect of occupational exposure or genetics on lung function. Some disease-susceptible genes may be missed due to their low marginal effects, despite potential involvement in the disease process through interactions with the environment. Through comprehensive genome-wide gene-environment interaction studies, we can uncover these susceptibility genes. Our objective in this study was to explore gene by occupational exposure interaction effects on lung function using both the individual SNPs approach and the genetic network approach. METHODS The study population comprised the Offspring Cohort and the Third Generation from the Framingham Heart Study. We used forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) as outcomes. Occupational exposures were classified using a population-specific job exposure matrix. We performed genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis, using the Affymetrix 550 K mapping array for genotyping. A linear regression-based generalized estimating equation was applied to account for within-family relatedness. Network analysis was conducted using results from single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-level analyses and from gene expression study results. RESULTS There were 4,785 participants in total. SNP-level analysis and network analysis identified SNP rs9931086 (P(interaction) =1.16 × 10(-7)) in gene SLC38A8, which may significantly modify the effects of occupational exposure on FEV1. Genes identified from the network analysis included CTLA-4, HDAC, and PPAR-alpha. CONCLUSIONS Our study implies that SNP rs9931086 in SLC38A8 and genes CTLA-4, HDAC, and PPAR-alpha, which are related to inflammatory processes, may modify the effect of occupational exposure on lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Liao
- Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xihong Lin
- Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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