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Hu Q, Zhou Y, Xu C, Xu C, Hu F, English AS, Buschkuehl M, Jaeggi SM, Zhang Q. The Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Academic Achievement is Mediated and Moderated by Executive Functions. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1593-1604. [PMID: 38282065 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01941-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Executive function is an underlying mechanism linking family socioeconomic status (SES) and academic achievement. Previous studies mainly investigated either the mediating or moderating role of executive function within this relationship, which either overlook the individual differences that are independent of the environment or neglect the influence of the environment on shaping personal factors. To avoid a piecemeal approach to theory, the current study aimed to test the mediating and moderating roles of executive function in a single analytic model. Two hundred and thirty-six Chinese fifth graders (Mage = 10.70 years, SD = 0.49, range = 10.23-11.75 years, and 40.30% girls) were recruited. Their executive function performance was measured using eight different tasks, and their Chinese literacy skills and mathematics achievement were assessed by routine school evaluations. One year after the initial assessment, children's academic achievements were evaluated again. Results demonstrated that parental SES positively predicted children's academic achievement when controlling for prior academic achievement, and children's executive function mediated this relationship. Also, executive function moderated the association between SES and academic achievement in that, the negative predictive effect of low SES on academic achievement was only significant for children with lower levels of executive function, which is not shown in children with higher levels of executive function. By demonstrating the dual roles of executive function in the SES-achievement link, this work provides evidence for supporting the optimal development of children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and emphasizes the significance of developing individualized intervention strategies on executive function to mitigate the negative effect of low SES on children's academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Hu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Canmei Xu
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cihua Xu
- School of Philosophy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Sun K, Chen M, Feng D, Cao C. Intergenerational Transmission of Depressive Symptoms from Mothers to Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:600-612. [PMID: 36327044 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Substantial literature investigating the intergenerational transmission of depressive symptoms has primarily focused on mothers and adolescents, whereas less is known about the potential role of fathers, especially their parenting behaviors. This study aimed to address this gap by examining the mediating role of maternal parenting, and the moderating role of paternal parenting in this intergenerational transmission pathway. A total of 528 Chinese community adolescents (Mage = 12.70 ± 1.49 years; 48.7%, girls) and their mothers participated. After adolescent sex, age, maternal educational levels, and monthly household income were controlled for, both maternal warmth and rejection mediated the association between maternal and adolescent depressive symptoms. More importantly, paternal warmth buffered the adverse effect of maternal depressive symptoms and maternal rejection on adolescent depressive symptoms. These findings highlight the buffering role of paternal parenting in blocking the intergenerational transmission risk of depressive symptoms from mothers to adolescents and emphasize the need for father-focused interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Sun
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meijing Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Danjun Feng
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cong Cao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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3
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Carruthers S, Charman T, Leadbitter K, Ellis C, Taylor L, Moore H, Taylor C, James K, Balabanovska M, Langhorne S, Aldred C, Slonims V, Grahame V, Howlin P, McConachie H, Parr J, Emsley R, Le Couteur A, Green J, Pickles A. Generalisation of Social Communication Skills by Autistic Children During Play-Based Assessments Across Home, School and an Unfamiliar Research Setting. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06370-x. [PMID: 38743153 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
We investigated autistic children's generalisation of social communication over time across three settings during a play-based assessment with different adults and explore the potential moderating effects on generalisation of age, nonverbal IQ and level of restricted and repetitive behaviours. The social communication abilities of 248 autistic children (2-11 years, 21% female, 22% single parent, 60% white) from three UK sites were assessed from 1984 video interactions in three contexts with three different interaction partners (parent/home, teaching assistant/school, researcher/clinic) at baseline, midpoint (+ 7m) and endpoint (+ 12m) within the Paediatric Autism Communication Trial-Generalised (PACT-G), a parent-mediated social communication intervention. Children's midpoint social communication at home generalised to school at midpoint and to clinic at endpoint. Generalisation was stronger from home to school and clinic than school to home and clinic. Generalisation was not moderated by age, nonverbal IQ or restricted and repetitive behaviour. Broader child development did not explain the pattern of results. The current study is the largest study to date to explore generalisation with autistic children and provides novel insight into their generalisation of social communication skills. Further research is needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of facilitators of generalisation across settings and interaction partners in order to develop targeted strategies for interventions to enhance outcomes for young autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Carruthers
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tony Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Kathy Leadbitter
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ceri Ellis
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lauren Taylor
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Heather Moore
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Institute, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carol Taylor
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kirsty James
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matea Balabanovska
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sophie Langhorne
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Catherine Aldred
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Vicky Slonims
- Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundations Trust, London, UK
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Vicki Grahame
- Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorders Service (CNDS), Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Patricia Howlin
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Helen McConachie
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Institute, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jeremy Parr
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Institute, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorders Service (CNDS), Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard Emsley
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ann Le Couteur
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Institute, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jonathan Green
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester Royal Children's Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Pickles
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Devakonda V, Zhou Z, Yang B, Qu Y. Neural Reward Anticipation Moderates Longitudinal Relation between Parents' Familism Values and Latinx American Youth's School Disengagement. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:962-977. [PMID: 38307126 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Parents' familism values predict a variety of Latinx American youth's academic adjustment. However, it is unclear how cultural values such as familism interact with youth's brain development, which is sensitive to sociocultural input, to shape their academic adjustment. Using a sample of 1916 Latinx American youth (mean age = 9.90 years, SD = .63 years; 50% girls) and their primary caregivers (mean age = 38.43 years, SD = 6.81 years; 90% mothers) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, this study examined the longitudinal relation between parents' familism values and youth's school disengagement, as well as the moderating role of youth's neural sensitivity to personal reward. Parents' familism values predicted youth's decreased school disengagement 1 year later, adjusting for their baseline school disengagement and demographic covariates. Notably, this association was more salient among youth who showed lower (vs. higher) neural activation in the ventral striatum and the lateral OFC during the anticipation of a personal reward. These findings underscore the protective role of familism for Latinx American youth, highlighting the necessity of developing culturally informed interventions that take into consideration a youth's brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yang Qu
- Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
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Bu H, Liu IKF, Yu NX. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Parenting Interventions on Enhancing Parental Resilience Resources and Reducing Children's Problem Behaviors in Chinese Cross-Boundary Families: Positive Benefits and Moderation Effects. Behav Ther 2024; 55:485-498. [PMID: 38670663 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Daily cross-boundary schooling between Shenzhen and Hong Kong constitutes a constant challenge for Chinese cross-boundary families in terms of parenting burden. To address their most urgent parenting needs, we adapted and evaluated two intervention approaches-improving emotional regulation and providing knowledge about Hong Kong. A cluster randomized controlled trial with repeated assessments (pre-, post-intervention, and one-month follow-up) was adopted to evaluate the intervention effects on the increases of parental resilience resources and reduction of children's problem behaviors. We further conducted moderation analyses to investigate whether parents with more increases in parental resilience resources would report a greater reduction in children's problem behaviors. A total of 214 mothers of cross-boundary families were randomly assigned to the emotional regulation arm (ER, n = 120) or the information provision arm (IP, n = 94). Both intervention arms showed positive effects on emotional regulation strategies, and the IP arm outperformed the ER arm in knowledge acquisition. Both arms showed significant and comparable improvements in parental self-efficacy and children's problem behaviors. Moreover, participants in the IP arm who reported more improvements in parental resilience resources showed a greater reduction in children's problem behaviors. By adapting two interventions to a new population of cross-boundary families, this trial extended the benefits from parents to children and demonstrated that the improvement of parental resilience resources makes a difference in reducing children's problem behaviors in the IP arm. Future studies are suggested to focus on parental resilience resources and maximize the benefits on children's outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Bu
- City University of Hong Kong
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6
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Friedman MR, Badri S, Bowleg L, Haberlen SA, Jones DL, Kempf MC, Konkle-Parker D, Kwait J, Martinson J, Mimiaga MJ, Plankey MW, Stosor V, Tsai AC, Turan JM, Ware D, Wu K. Intersectional stigma and the non-communicable disease syndemic in the context of HIV: protocol for a multisite, observational study in the USA. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e075368. [PMID: 38670612 PMCID: PMC11057270 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increasing burden of non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia, presents key challenges to achieving optimal HIV care outcomes among ageing people living with HIV. These diseases are often comorbid and are exacerbated by psychosocial and structural inequities. This interaction among multiple health conditions and social factors is referred to as a syndemic. In the USA, there are substantial disparities by social position (ie, racial, ethnic and socioeconomic status) in the prevalence and/or control of non-communicable diseases and HIV. Intersecting stigmas, such as racism, classism and homophobia, may drive these health disparities by contributing to healthcare avoidance and by contributing to a psychosocial syndemic (stress, depression, violence victimisation and substance use), reducing success along the HIV and non-communicable disease continua of care. Our hypothesis is that marginalised populations experience disparities in non-communicable disease incidence, prevalence and control, mediated by intersectional stigma and the psychosocial syndemic. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Collecting data over a 4 year period, we will recruit sexual minority men (planned n=1800) enrolled in the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study, a long-standing mixed-serostatus observational cohort in the USA, to investigate the following specific aims: (1) assess relationships between social position, intersectional stigma and the psychosocial syndemic among middle-aged and ageing sexual minority men, (2) assess relationships between social position and non-communicable disease incidence and prevalence and (3) assess relationships between social position and HIV and non-communicable disease continua of care outcomes, mediated by intersectional stigma and the psychosocial syndemic. Analyses will be conducted using generalised structural equation models using a cross-lagged panel model design. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol is approved as a single-IRB study (Advarra Institutional Review Board: Protocol 00068335). We will disseminate results via peer-reviewed academic journals, scientific conferences, a dedicated website, site community advisory boards and forums hosted at participating sites.
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Grants
- U01 HL146245 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146208 NHLBI NIH HHS
- UL1 TR001409 NCATS NIH HHS
- KL2 TR001432 NCATS NIH HHS
- U01 HL146192 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146242 NHLBI NIH HHS
- TL1 TR001431 NCATS NIH HHS
- U01 HL146193 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL160326 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146194 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146241 NHLBI NIH HHS
- P30 AI027767 NIAID NIH HHS
- P30 AI050409 NIAID NIH HHS
- U01 HL146333 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146205 NHLBI NIH HHS
- P30 MH116867 NIMH NIH HHS
- P30 AI073961 NIAID NIH HHS
- U01 HL146201 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146204 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146202 NHLBI NIH HHS
- UL1 TR001881 NCATS NIH HHS
- UL1 TR000004 NCATS NIH HHS
- U01 HL146240 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL146203 NHLBI NIH HHS
- UL1 TR003098 NCATS NIH HHS
- P30 AI050410 NIAID NIH HHS
- Data Analysis and Coordination Center
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- UCLA
- CTSA
- ICTR
- National Institutes of Health, Office of AIDS Research (OAR)
- UCSF
- the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institute On Aging (NIA), National Institute Of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke (NINDS), National Institute Of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute On Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institute Of Nursing Research (NINR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reuel Friedman
- Department of Urban-Global Public Health, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sheila Badri
- Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lisa Bowleg
- Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sabina A Haberlen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Deborah L Jones
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Mirjam-Colette Kempf
- Schools of Nursing, Public Health, and Medicine, University of Albama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Deborah Konkle-Parker
- Schools of Nursing, Medicine, and Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jenn Kwait
- Whitman-Walker Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jeremy Martinson
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew J Mimiaga
- Center for LGBTQ+ Advocacy, Research & Health and Department of Epidemiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael W Plankey
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Valentina Stosor
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander C Tsai
- Center for Global Health and Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janet M Turan
- Schools of Nursing, Public Health, and Medicine, University of Albama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Deanna Ware
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Katherine Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Ai P, Rosenthal S. The model of norm-regulated responsibility for proenvironmental behavior in the context of littering prevention. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9289. [PMID: 38654095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research suggests that descriptive norms positively influence proenvironmental behavior, including littering prevention. However, in some behavioral contexts, a weak descriptive norm may increase individuals' feelings of responsibility by signaling a need for action. We examined this effect in the context of litter prevention by conducting structural equation modeling of survey data from 1400 Singapore residents. The results showed that descriptive norms negatively predicted ascription of responsibility and were negatively related to littering prevention behavior via ascription of responsibility and personal norms. It also showed that strong injunctive norms can reduce the inhibitory effect of descriptive norms on ascription of responsibility. These findings were consistent with several hypotheses constituting the model of norm-regulated responsibility, a novel explanatory framework offering new insights and a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of social norms' influence on proenvironmental behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengya Ai
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637718, Singapore.
| | - Sonny Rosenthal
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637718, Singapore
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Caemmerer JM, Hennessy B, Niileksela CR. Third variables in longitudinal research: Application of longitudinal mediation and moderation in school psychology. J Sch Psychol 2024; 103:101283. [PMID: 38432732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2024.101283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Third variable models, such as mediation and moderation, can identify contextual factors that help explain the relation between two variables. Although used less frequently in school psychology research, longitudinal mediation, longitudinal moderation, and the integration of these two approaches can be used to describe the developmental changes in children's psychological and behavioral processes throughout the school years and beyond. This article provides conceptual descriptions of longitudinal mediation, longitudinal moderation, longitudinal moderated mediation, and longitudinal mediated moderation and demonstrates the use of these methods with a large sample of elementary students. Extensions of these methods and applied examples from the literature are also discussed. The Mplus syntax from our illustrated examples are provided for those interested in reproducing the analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Caemmerer
- University of Connecticut, Neag School of Education, 249 Glenbrook Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Briana Hennessy
- University of Connecticut, Neag School of Education, 249 Glenbrook Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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9
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Yang B, Zhou Z, Devakonda V, Qu Y. The role of neural reward sensitivity in the longitudinal relations between parents' familism values and Latinx American youth's prosocial behaviors. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101343. [PMID: 38286089 PMCID: PMC10839261 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Past research suggests that parents' familism values play a positive role in Latinx American youth's prosocial tendencies. However, little is known about how individual differences in youth's neural development may contribute to this developmental process. Therefore, using two-wave longitudinal data of 1916 early adolescents (mean age = 9.90 years; 50% girls) and their parents (mean age = 38.43 years; 90% mothers) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, this pre-registered study took a biopsychosocial approach to examine the moderating role of youth's neural reward sensitivity in the link between parents' familism values and youth's prosocial behaviors. Results showed that parents' familism values were associated with increased prosocial behaviors among youth two years later, controlling for baseline prosocial behaviors and demographic covariates. Notably, parents' familism values played a larger role in promoting youth's prosocial behaviors among youth who showed lower ventral striatum activation during reward anticipation. Moreover, such association between parents' familism values and youth's later prosocial behaviors was stronger among youth who showed lower levels of prosocial behaviors initially. Taken together, the findings highlight individual differences in neurobiological development and baseline prosocial behaviors as markers of sensitivity to cultural environments with regard to Latinx American youth's prosocial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiming Yang
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, USA.
| | - Zexi Zhou
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
| | - Varun Devakonda
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Yang Qu
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, USA.
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10
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Waddell JT, Sternberg A, Eisenberg N, Chassin L. Longitudinal Relations Among Parental Substance Use Disorder and Adolescent Drinking Behavior: The Role of Temperament, Negative Urgency, and Maternal Parenting. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:833-848. [PMID: 37864729 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that parental substance use disorder is associated with adolescent drinking indirectly through negative urgency, a form of impulsivity that is particularly associated with high-risk drinking. Moreover, childhood mechanisms of risk may play a role in this developmental chain such that childhood temperament and parenting may be mechanisms through which parental substance use disorder is associated with adolescent negative urgency and drinking behavior. Therefore, the current study tested whether parental substance use disorder was indirectly associated with adolescent drinking frequency through childhood temperament (i.e., "dysregulated irritability") and adolescent negative urgency, and whether relations differed by levels of maternal support and consistency of discipline. Data come from a multigenerational, longitudinal study of familial substance use disorder (N = 276, Mage in childhood = 6.28 (SD = 1.16), Mage in adolescence = 15.86 (SD = 1.56), 45.3% female). Findings indicated that parental substance use disorder indirectly predicted adolescent drinking through both childhood dysregulated irritability and adolescent negative urgency (mediated pathways). This indirect relation was stronger at higher vs. lower levels of maternal support but did not vary by maternal consistency of discipline. Parental substance use disorder also indirectly predicted adolescent drinking separately through childhood dysregulated irritability and negative urgency. Findings thus suggest that childhood dysregulated irritability may be an early marker of risk toward high-risk personality traits and behavior in adolescence that are associated with having a parental history of substance use disorder. Findings also suggest that increased maternal support may only be helpful in buffering risk for those with low levels of dysregulated irritability. Prevention efforts focused on childhood emotion regulation and emotion-based action may be useful in preventing adolescent risk behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Waddell
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1104, USA.
| | | | - Nancy Eisenberg
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1104, USA
| | - Laurie Chassin
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1104, USA
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11
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Jeong JS, Kim SY. Risk Perception and Preventive Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic : Testing the Effects of Government Trust and Information Behaviors. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:376-387. [PMID: 36650123 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2166698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Given the absence of COVID-19 treatments, the best way to control the spread of the virus is to break the chain of infection by increasing public participation in preventive behaviors recommended by health authorities. This study proposes a moderated mediation model of information behaviors (e.g. information seeking and information verification) and trust in government that explores the relationship between risk perception and preventive behaviors regarding COVID-19. Using a survey study in South Korea, we conducted the moderated mediation analysis with latent moderated structural equation modeling (LMS). We found serial mediation effects for risk perception, information behaviors, and preventive behaviors, as people both seek out information and verify that information before adopting preventive behaviors. Additionally, trust in government moderated information behaviors in the relationship between risk perception and preventive behaviors, suggesting that trust in government encourages people to adopt more preventive actions via information seeking and information verification. Further implications are discussed to promote public understanding of the health crisis and public participation in preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seon Jeong
- Debiasing and Lay Informatics (DaLI) Lab, Center for Applied Social Research, University of Oklahoma
| | - Soo Yun Kim
- Department of Communication, University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley
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12
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Yano K, Oishi K. Individual differences in environmental sensitivity: associations between cognitive emotion regulation and mental health. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1322544. [PMID: 38524301 PMCID: PMC10957743 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1322544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Environmental sensitivity is defined as the ability to perceive and process internal and external information. Previous studies have suggested that mental health-related factors differ by sensitivity level. This study aimed to investigate whether environmental sensitivity moderates the associations between cognitive emotion regulation strategies (e.g., rumination and blaming others) and mental health. Materials and methods In this three-wave longitudinal study, participants (N = 1,233, 585, and 349 at Times 1, 2, and 3, respectively) completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-short and Kessler 10 scale at all the measurement points as well as the 10-item version of the Highly Sensitive Person scale and some covariates only at Time 1. Results Latent growth model analyses indicated that the blaming others strategy had contrastive effects on changes in mental health by sensitivity level; the increase in refocusing on planning was associated with improved mental health over time only for highly sensitive individuals; and the rumination and catastrophizing strategies were the most important risk factors for mental health problems, although their effects differed slightly by sensitivity level. Conclusion The associations between some of the cognitive strategies and mental health differ by environmental sensitivity level. Future investigations based on individual differences in sensitivity could provide innovative insights into practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yano
- Research Center for Youth Education, National Institution For Youth Education, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Kang H, Lee JK, Lee EW, Toh C. The Roles of Trust in Government and Sense of Community in the COVID-19 Contact Tracing Privacy Calculus: Mixed Method Study Using a 2-Wave Survey and In-Depth Interviews. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e48986. [PMID: 38451602 PMCID: PMC10958335 DOI: 10.2196/48986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact tracing technology has been adopted in many countries to aid in identifying, evaluating, and handling individuals who have had contact with those infected with COVID-19. Singapore was among the countries that actively implemented the government-led contact tracing program known as TraceTogether. Despite the benefits the contact tracing program could provide to individuals and the community, privacy issues were a significant barrier to individuals' acceptance of the program. OBJECTIVE Building on the privacy calculus model, this study investigates how the perceptions of the 2 key groups (ie, government and community members) involved in the digital contact tracing factor into individuals' privacy calculus of digital contact tracing. METHODS Using a mixed method approach, we conducted (1) a 2-wave survey (n=674) and (2) in-depth interviews (n=12) with TraceTogether users in Singapore. Using structural equation modeling, this study investigated how trust in the government and the sense of community exhibited by individuals during the early stage of implementation (time 1) predicted privacy concerns, perceived benefits, and future use intentions, measured after the program was fully implemented (time 2). Expanding on the survey results, this study conducted one-on-one interviews to gain in-depth insights into the privacy considerations involved in digital contact tracing. RESULTS The results from the survey showed that trust in the government increased perceived benefits while decreasing privacy concerns regarding the use of TraceTogether. Furthermore, individuals who felt a connection to community members by participating in the program (ie, the sense of community) were more inclined to believe in its benefits. The sense of community also played a moderating role in the influence of government trust on perceived benefits. Follow-up in-depth interviews highlighted that having a sense of control over information and transparency in the government's data management were crucial factors in privacy considerations. The interviews also highlighted surveillance as the most prevalent aspect of privacy concerns regarding TraceTogether use. In addition, our findings revealed that trust in the government, particularly the perceived transparency of government actions, was most strongly associated with concerns regarding the secondary use of data. CONCLUSIONS Using a mixed method approach involving a 2-wave survey and in-depth interview data, we expanded our understanding of privacy decisions and the privacy calculus in the context of digital contact tracing. The opposite influences of privacy concerns and perceived benefit on use intention suggest that the privacy calculus in TraceTogether might be viewed as a rational process of weighing between privacy risks and use benefits to make an uptake decision. However, our study demonstrated that existing perceptions toward the provider and the government in the contact tracing context, as well as the perception of the community triggered by TraceTogether use, may bias user appraisals of privacy risks and the benefits of contact tracing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Kang
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeong Kyu Lee
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Edmund Wj Lee
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cindy Toh
- Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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14
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Spyropoulou E, Giovazolias T. Cognitive Reappraisal Moderates the Longitudinal Relationship between Adolescents' Peer Victimization and Self-Esteem. A Latent Interaction Model. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01688-0. [PMID: 38446363 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Poor self-esteem relates closely to youth maladjustment and appears to be predicted by peer victimization experiences. However, not all peer victimized adolescents face the same risk for self-esteem erosion over time. Drawing upon the Bi-Dimensional Framework for resilience and extant research, the present study examined the potential moderating role of cognitive reappraisal in the prospective relationship from peer victimization to self-esteem. To increase precision of findings the long-term impact of self-esteem on peer victimization was also tested. Self-reported data were collected from 285 early adolescents (Mage = 10.53 years, SD = 0.16; 54.0% girls) at two waves, spaced 1-year. Latent moderated structural equation analysis showed that peer victimization was negatively related to later self-esteem, but only for youth displaying low levels of cognitive reappraisal. For adolescents with high levels of cognitive reappraising, peer victimization was not found to predict any changes in self-esteem over time. The long-term impact of self-esteem on peer victimization was not supported. Overall the present study suggests that enhancing cognitive reappraisal could be a promising avenue for lowering risk for poor self-esteem in young individuals experiencing peer victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli Spyropoulou
- Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Gallos Campus, Rethymno, Crete, 74150, Greece.
| | - Theodoros Giovazolias
- Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Gallos Campus, Rethymno, Crete, 74150, Greece.
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15
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Laifer LM, Brock RL, Tomaso CC, James TD, Yaroch AL, Hill JL, Huang TT, Nelson JM, Mason WA, Espy KA, Nelson TD. Exploring the Interaction Between Preschool Executive Control and Caregiver Emotion Socialization in Predicting Adolescent Weight Trajectories. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:656-668. [PMID: 38117361 PMCID: PMC10872396 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a critical need for research examining how neural vulnerabilities associated with obesity, including lower executive control, interact with family factors to impact weight trajectories across adolescence. Utilizing a longitudinal design, the present study investigated caregivers' emotion socialization practices as a moderator of the association between preschool executive control and adolescent body mass index (BMI) trajectories. Participants were 229 youth (Mage = 5.24, SD = 0.03; 47.2% assigned female at birth; 73.8% White, 3.9% Black, 0.4% Asian American, 21.8% multiracial; 12.7% Hispanic) enrolled in a longitudinal study. At preschool-age, participants completed performance-based executive control tasks, and their caregivers reported on their typical emotion-related socialization behaviors (i.e., supportive and nonsupportive responses to children's negative emotions). Participants returned for annual laboratory visits at ages 14 through 17, during which their height and weight were measured to calculate BMI. Although neither preschool executive control nor caregiver emotion-related socialization behaviors were directly associated with BMI growth in adolescence, supportive responses moderated the association between executive control and BMI trajectories. The expected negative association between lower preschool executive control and greater BMI growth was present at below average levels of supportive responses, suggesting that external regulation afforded by supportive responses might reduce risk for adolescent overweight and obesity among children with lower internal self-regulatory resources during preschool. Findings highlight the importance of efforts to bolster executive control early in development and targeted interventions to promote effective caregiver emotion socialization (i.e., more supportive responses) for youth with lower internal self-regulatory abilities to mitigate risk for overweight and obesity and promote health across childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Laifer
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Brock
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Cara C Tomaso
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tiffany D James
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Amy L Yaroch
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jennie L Hill
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Terry T Huang
- Center for Systems and Community Design and NYU-CUNY Prevention Research Center, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Mize Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - W Alex Mason
- Department of Child, Youth, & Family Studies, Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Kimberly Andrews Espy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Timothy D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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16
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Hou Y, Li X, Xia LX. Common Mechanisms Underlying the Effect of Angry Rumination on Reactive and Proactive Aggression: A Moderated Mediation Model. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024; 39:1035-1057. [PMID: 37750544 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231201819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The different influencing factors and mechanisms of the two basic kinds of aggression (i.e., reactive and proactive aggression) are salient. However, they also have common influencing factors and mechanisms, which are ignored to some extent. In addition, discovering the common mechanisms is conducive to further revealing the nature and law of aggression. To address these issues, this study tested a relational model incorporating angry rumination, moral disengagement, harm aversion, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression from the perspective of aggressive motivation. A total of 1,186 undergraduate students from eight universities were recruited. The results showed that angry rumination was significantly associated with reactive and proactive aggression. Importantly, moral disengagement acted as a common mediator, and harm aversion acted as a common moderator in the effect of angry rumination on reactive and proactive aggression. Specifically, the enhancement effects of low levels of harm aversion on these relationships are due to that it could promote the effects of angry rumination on the common mediator of moral disengagement. An aggressive motivation perspective was developed to comprehensively explain the common mediating and moderating effects. The present study contributes to a greater understanding of the mechanisms of reactive and proactive aggression and how aggressive motivations shape the model of aggressive behavior. These findings support and extend current aggression theories, especially aggression motivation theories. This study could provide insights for targeted aggression prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyi Hou
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing , China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing , China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Xiang Xia
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing , China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
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17
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Rhoden-Neita MA, Huang H, Fava NM. The Effects of Childhood Adversity and Self-Regulation on the Well-Being of Adults with Delinquency Histories: A Mediation Model. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2024; 21:117-139. [PMID: 37847740 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2023.2265923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most youth with delinquency histories experience childhood adversity leaving them vulnerable to poor adult well-being. Previous research indicates that self-regulation difficulties could explain how childhood adversity affects adult well-being. Yet, very few studies target adult self-regulation intervention. Therefore, this study examined the intervening effects of emerging adult self-regulation on the association between childhood adversity and adult well-being. METHOD Using data from the first four waves of the Add Health Study, the researchers conducted structural equation modeling for mediation with bootstrapping. The researchers tested the mediation effects of emerging adult self-regulation on the association between childhood adversity (child maltreatment and violent victimization) and later adult well-being (mental health problems, alcohol and drug use, criminal behaviors) among people with delinquency histories and/or arrest prior to age 18 (N = 1,792). RESULTS Several significant direct effects and one partial mediation effect were found. For example, child maltreatment significantly predicted adult mental health problems and criminal behaviors. Self-regulation (via the dissatisfaction with life and self subscale) mediated the association between child maltreatment and adult mental health problems. DISCUSSION Findings highlight the need for social workers to focus on prevention services and trauma-informed treatment for people with delinquency histories. In addition, evidence-based practice requires self-regulation interventions for adults with histories of childhood adversity and delinquency to focus on their emotional and cognitive functioning as well as self-esteem. CONCLUSION Implementing self-regulation interventions during emerging adulthood can be useful to mitigate later adult mental health problems among people with histories of childhood adversity and delinquency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole M Fava
- School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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18
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Zhang J, Mei K, Deng Y, Ren Y, Huang S. Household Income and Early Adolescents' Executive Function: The Different Roles of Perceived Discrimination and Shift-and-Persist. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2636-2646. [PMID: 37659969 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Household income predicts early adolescents' cognitive development. However, the mechanism underlying this association and protective factors are unclear. This study assessed one-year longitudinal data to examine whether perceived discrimination mediated the association between household income and executive function and the moderating role of shift-and-persist. 344 early adolescents in rural China were included in the study (mean = 10.88 years, SD = 1.32 years, girls: 51.74%). The latent variable model revealed that household income predicted early adolescents' cognitive flexibility and working memory in the subsequent year through perceived discrimination. Shift-and-persist moderated the negative effects of perceived discrimination on cognitive flexibility: perceived discrimination impeded cognitive flexibility only among early adolescents with low shift-and-persist. The findings highlight perceived discrimination in the relation between household income and early adolescents' executive function and underscore the protective role of shift-and-persist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Zhang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Kehan Mei
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyi Deng
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Silin Huang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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19
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Yang S, Huang P, Li B, Gan T, Lin W, Liu Y. The relationship of negative life events, trait-anxiety and depression among Chinese university students: A moderated effect of self-esteem. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:384-391. [PMID: 37442452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative life events are major triggers for depression. How individual physical qualities and psychological resources affect the relationship between negative life events and depression in college students remains to be studied. Therefore, we constructed a structural equation model to explore the mediating effect of trait anxiety and the moderating effect of self-esteem in the relationship between negative life events and depression among college students. METHODS A total of 6224 Chinese college students (aged 16-25) in Jiangxi Province in the central area of China completed the online survey. A moderated mediation model was tested to verify the hypothesis. RESULTS The mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of negative life events on depression through trait-anxiety. Mediation was moderated by self-esteem, which significantly interacted with negative life events to reduce their effect on both anxiety and depression. LIMITATIONS All measures were self-reported. The cross-sectional design only provides evidence of correlation. CONCLUSIONS The results in this study revealed that self-esteem as a component of psychological defense mechanism to reduce the harm of environmental threats to individuals. Low self-esteem college students are more likely to have adverse effects when experiencing low-level life events. University mental health education reduces the effects of negative life events on trait anxiety and depression of college students by raising their self-esteem levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Yang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Pengfei Huang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Biqin Li
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Ting Gan
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yinhua Liu
- Psychological Counseling Center, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
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20
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Reid R, Dale SK. Structural equation modeling of microaggressions, religious and racism-related coping, medication adherence, and viral load among Black women living with HIV. J Behav Med 2023; 46:837-848. [PMID: 36997766 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the disproportionate impact of HIV, microaggressions, and discrimination among Black women living with HIV (BWLWH), BWLWH have demonstrated resilience by mobilizing religious and other coping strategies. The current study sought to examine whether racism-related or religious coping moderates the relationship between latent gendered racial microaggressions (GRMs), antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral load (VL) among 119 BWLWH. Data was collected via self-report measures of GRMs and coping. ART adherence was measured via self-report and electronic monitoring and VL was measured via blood specimens. Structural equation modeling showed significant main effects of religious coping on adherence and VL. Furthermore, GRMs × racism-related coping and GRMs × religious coping significantly predicted adherence and VL. Our findings indicate the unique and culturally salient role of religious and racism-related coping among BWLWH in the context of GRMs. Such findings may be optimized in the development of culturally relevant multilevel interventions for BWLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Reid
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Miami, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Sannisha K Dale
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Miami, FL, 33146, USA.
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21
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Ward LM, Jerald MC, Grower P, Daniels EA, Rowley S. Primping, performing, and policing: Social media use and self-sexualization among U.S. White, Black, and Asian-American adolescent girls. Body Image 2023; 46:324-335. [PMID: 37451109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Objectification theorists argue that routine sexual objectification, experienced interpersonally and via the media, encourages women and adolescent girls to value their external appearance and sexiness above other bodily experiences and competencies. Commonly, tests of this theory have linked exposure to sexualizing media content (i.e., TV, music videos, social media) to self-objectification and subsequently to consequences such as disordered eating among predominantly White samples. Do these analyses extend to U.S. girls of color and to broader well-being consequences? Using structural equation modeling, we tested theorized connections among 884 adolescent girls aged 13-18, including 391 White girls, 248 Black girls, and 245 Asian American girls. Participants completed surveys assessing their use of several social media platforms, social media engagement, self-sexualization, mental health symptoms, self-esteem, and body shame. We also examined age, racial identity, and racial composition of peer group as moderators. The model worked as expected for the full sample, with social media use and engagement predicting greater self-sexualization, which in turn was associated with diminished well-being. However, the model fit was worse for the White girls than for girls of color, and some constructs operated differently. Implications for future research with girls and possible media interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Petal Grower
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Rowley
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, USA
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22
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Astle SM, Jankovich MO, Vennum A, Rogers AA. Parent-Child Sexual Communication Frequency and Adolescent Disclosure to Mothers About Sexuality: The Moderating Role of Open Communication in a Common Fate Structural Equation Model. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023; 60:1045-1054. [PMID: 35302912 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2045888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although frequent and open parent-child sexual communication (PCSC) has been shown to yield positive effects on adolescent sexual health outcomes, most PCSC is one-sided and parent dominated rather than ideal communication characterized by openness. Adolescent children's disclosure of sexual feelings and behaviors to parents can prompt parent-child sexual communication (PCSC) and help parents tailor PCSC to children's needs, increasing the effectiveness of PCSC in promoting positive sexual outcomes. However, very little work has been done exploring correlates of adolescent disclosure about sexuality. Thus, the current study explored the associations between frequent PCSC and child disclosure and secret keeping, and whether open PCSC moderated the relationships. The sample included 603 mother-child dyads from the United States. Adolescent children were 12-17 years old (M = 14.55, SD = 1.68), White (55.6%) and cisgender female (49.8%). A common-fate SEM model revealed that PCSC frequency was positively associated with adolescent disclosure and adolescent secret keeping. However, when PCSC was open, PCSC frequency was associated with a decrease in adolescent secret keeping and an increase in adolescent disclosure. We discuss the importance of encouraging both open and frequent PCSC, as their interaction is related to increased adolescent disclosure and less adolescent secret keeping.
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Collie RJ. Teacher well-being and turnover intentions: Investigating the roles of job resources and job demands. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 93:712-726. [PMID: 36720462 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying factors implicated in teachers' well-being and turnover intentions is important for driving research, policy, and practice to better support teachers in their work. AIMS This study examined the role of three job resources (autonomy-supportive leadership, relatedness with colleagues and students) and three job demands (autonomy-thwarting leadership, time pressure, disruptive student behaviour) in relation to teacher well-being (subjective vitality, behavioural engagement, professional growth) and turnover intentions. SAMPLE Participants were 426 Australian school teachers. METHODS Structural equation modelling was used to examine main associations and interactions among factors. Teachers' characteristics (gender, teaching experience and educational qualification) and personality factors served as controls in all analyses. RESULTS The job resources were generally positively associated with the well-being factors, whereas time pressure was negatively associated with vitality, but positively associated with behavioural engagement. In addition, relatedness with colleagues and subjective vitality were negatively associated with turnover intentions, whereas the reverse was true for autonomy-thwarting leadership and time pressure. There were no interaction terms retained in the final model. CONCLUSION Taken together, findings yield understanding about the salient resources and demands in relation to teachers' well-being and turnover intentions (beyond the role of background characteristics and personality factors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Collie
- School of Education, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Mao Z, Xiao B. How is occupational identity affected by the family environment of publicly funded students in local normal colleges? A moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2023; 14:934133. [PMID: 37663360 PMCID: PMC10469507 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.934133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The occupational identity of local publicly funded students is associated with the stability of rural teachers. To discuss the influence mechanisms of family environment, psychological capital, and professional commitment on occupational identity, this study examined 395 local publicly funded students with the occupational identity scale, psychological capital scale, professional commitment scale compiled, and family environment scale in China. We found no significant difference in terms of sex, source of birth, only children or not, and from teachers' families or not. Junior students' occupational identity was significantly higher than that of freshmen. In addition, we found that psychological capital plays a total mediation role between family environment and occupational identity. Psychological capital explains the influence of family environment on occupational identity. While the moderating role of professional commitment on the family environment and psychological capital is not supported in this study, it positively moderates the mediation role of psychological capital and occupational identity. Overall, this study will be significant in improving the training quality of local publicly funded students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- School of Education and Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Education and Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Mao
- Department of Maritime, Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Communications, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Xiao
- School of Education and Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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25
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Goetschius LG, McLoyd VC, Hein TC, Mitchell C, Hyde LW, Monk CS. School connectedness as a protective factor against childhood exposure to violence and social deprivation: A longitudinal study of adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1219-1234. [PMID: 34779377 PMCID: PMC10037103 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421001140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
School connectedness, a construct indexing supportive school relationships, has been posited to promote resilience to environmental adversity. Consistent with prominent calls in the field, we examined the protective nature of school connectedness against two dimensions of early adversity that index multiple levels of environmental exposure (violence exposure, social deprivation) when predicting both positive and negative outcomes in longitudinal data from 3,246 youth in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (48% female, 49% African American). Child and adolescent school connectedness were promotive, even when accounting for the detrimental effects of early adversity. Additionally, childhood school connectedness had a protective but reactive association with social deprivation, but not violence exposure, when predicting externalizing symptoms and positive function. Specifically, school connectedness was protective against the negative effects of social deprivation, but the effect diminished as social deprivation became more extreme. These results suggest that social relationships at school may compensate for low levels of social support in the home and neighborhood. Our results highlight the important role that the school environment can play for youth who have been exposed to adversity in other areas of their lives and suggest specific groups that may especially benefit from interventions that boost school connectedness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tyler C. Hein
- Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, Department of Veterans Affairs
| | - Colter Mitchell
- Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Population Studies Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Luke W. Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Christopher S. Monk
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Laifer LM, Tomaso CC, Chang OD, Phillips EM, James TD, Nelson JM, Espy KA, Alex Mason W, Nelson TD. Early executive control buffers risk for adolescent psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Adolesc 2023; 95:1205-1219. [PMID: 37211897 PMCID: PMC10526894 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a global impact on youth mental health, and there is a critical need for research examining individual factors that contribute to increased psychopathology during the pandemic. The current study explored whether executive control (EC) abilities in early childhood interact with COVID-related stress to attenuate risk for adolescent psychopathology during the first 6 months of the pandemic. METHODS Participants were 337 youth (49% female) living in a small midwestern city in the United States. Participants completed EC tasks when they were approximately 4.5 years old as part of a longitudinal study investigating cognitive development. At annual laboratory visits during adolescence and before the pandemic, participants (Mage = 14.57) reported on mental health symptoms. In July and August of 2020, participants (Mage = 16.57) reported on COVID-related stress and depression, anxiety, and trauma symptoms. RESULTS COVID-related stress was associated with increased internalizing problems after controlling for prepandemic symptom levels. Further, the impact of COVID-related stress on adolescent internalizing problems was moderated by preschool EC, with higher levels of EC buffering the effects of COVID-related stress on adolescent internalizing problems. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the importance of promoting EC early in development, as well as screening for EC deficits and implementing targeted intervention strategies across the lifespan to help reduce the impact of stress on adolescent internalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Laifer
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Cara C Tomaso
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Olivia D Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric M Phillips
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Tiffany D James
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jennifer Mize Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kimberly Andrews Espy
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - W Alex Mason
- Department of Child, Youth, & Family Studies, Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Timothy D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Basting EJ, Barrett ME, Garner AR, Florimbio AR, Sullivan JA, Medenblik AM, Stuart GL. Sexual Narcissism and Hypersexuality Relate to Sexual Coercion in Hookups among U.S. University Students. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:2577-2588. [PMID: 36947326 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sexual violence remains a prevalent issue on college campuses. Sexual coercion, a form of sexual violence, is frequently employed within casual sexual encounters (i.e., hookups). The present study investigated hypersexuality and sexual narcissism as unique predictors of sexual coercion and examined whether there were gender differences in these associations. Participants (N = 793, ages 18-25) were undergraduate students at a large southeastern university who have: (1) engaged in sexual activity within the past six months and (2) had at least one prior hookup experience. Respondents completed surveys online assessing levels of sexual narcissism, hypersexuality, and sexual coercion perpetration in hookups. Participants primarily identified as female (71.7%), White (84.2%), and heterosexual (86.6%), with an average of 9.77 sexual engagements per month. Bivariate correlations and independent samples t-tests were conducted to examine associations between and gender differences across study variables, respectively. We assessed the factor structure of study variables using confirmatory factor analysis and tested hypotheses using structural equation modeling. Compared to women, men scored higher on sexual exploitation and all hypersexuality subscales. After establishing good-fitting measurement models, we found that both sexual narcissism and hypersexuality predicted increased sexual coercion perpetration and that gender did not moderate these associations. Study findings demonstrated that sexual narcissism and hypersexuality are risk factors for sexual coercion perpetration in hookups across gender. Although associations were consistent across gender, men may report higher levels of sexual coercion perpetration risk factors. Future researchers could focus on gender differences in the etiology of sexual coercion risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan J Basting
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, 204 Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Maya E Barrett
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, 204 Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Alisa R Garner
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, 204 Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline A Sullivan
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, 204 Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Alyssa M Medenblik
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, 204 Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Gregory L Stuart
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, 204 Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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Deng W, Yang T, Deng J, Liu R, Sun X, Li G, Wen X. Investigating Factors Influencing Medical Practitioners' Resistance to and Adoption of Internet Hospitals in China: Mixed Methods Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e46621. [PMID: 37523226 PMCID: PMC10425818 DOI: 10.2196/46621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The swift shift toward internet hospitals has relied on the willingness of medical practitioners to embrace new systems and workflows. Low engagement or acceptance by medical practitioners leads to difficulties in patient access. However, few investigations have focused on barriers and facilitators of adoption of internet hospitals from the perspective of medical practitioners. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify both enabling and inhibiting predictors associated with resistance and behavioral intentions of medical practitioners to use internet hospitals by combining the conservation of resources theory with the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and technostress framework. METHODS A mixed methods research design was conducted to qualitatively identify the factors that enable and inhibit resistance and behavioral intention to use internet hospitals, followed by a quantitative survey-based study that empirically tested the effects of the identified factors. The qualitative phase involved conducting in-depth interviews with 16 experts in China from June to August 2022. Thematic analysis was performed using the qualitative data analysis software NVivo version 10 (QSR International). On the basis of the findings and conceptual framework gained from the qualitative interviews, a cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based survey of 593 medical practitioners in 28 provincial administrative regions of China was conducted. The data collected were analyzed using the partial least squares method, with the assistance of SPSS 27.0 (IBM Corp) and Mplus 7.0 (Muthen and Muthen), to measure and validate the proposed model. RESULTS On the basis of qualitative results, this study identified 4 facilitators and inhibitors, namely performance expectancy, social influence, work overload, and role ambiguity. Of the 593 medical practitioners surveyed in the quantitative research, most were female (n=364, 61.4%), had a middle title (n=211, 35.6%) or primary title (n=212, 35.8%), and had an average use experience of 6 months every year. By conducting structural equation modeling, we found that performance expectancy (β=-.55; P<.001) and work overload (β=.16; P=.005) had the most significant impact on resistance to change. Resistance to change fully mediated the influence of performance expectancy and partially mediated the influences of social influence (variance accounted for [VAF]=43.3%; P=.002), work overload (VAF=37.2%; P=.03), and role ambiguity (VAF=12.2%; P<.001) on behavioral intentions to use internet hospitals. In addition, this study found that the sex, age, professional title, and use experience of medical practitioners significantly moderated the aforementioned influencing mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS This study investigated the factors that facilitate or hinder medical practitioners' resistance to change and their behavioral intentions to use internet hospitals. The findings suggest that policy makers avoid the resistance and further promote the adoption of internet hospitals by ensuring performance expectancy and social influence and eliminating work overload and role ambiguity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Deng
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Tianan Yang
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Deng
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Sun
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- TongJi Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinmei Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Friedrich TS, Schütz A. Predicting School Grades: Can Conscientiousness Compensate for Intelligence? J Intell 2023; 11:146. [PMID: 37504789 PMCID: PMC10381607 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence11070146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intelligence and noncognitive factors such as conscientiousness are strongly related to academic performance. As theory and research differ with respect to their interplay in predicting performance, the present study examines whether conscientiousness compensates for intelligence or enhances the effect of intelligence on performance in 3775 13th grade students from Germany. Latent moderation analyses show positive main effects of intelligence and conscientiousness on grades. Further, analyses reveal synergistic interactions in predicting grades in biology, mathematics, and German, but no interaction in predicting grades in English. Intelligence and grades are more strongly linked if students are conscientious. Multigroup models detected gender differences in biology, but no differences with respect to SES. In biology, conscientiousness has especially strong effects in intelligent men. Conscientiousness thus enhances the effect of intelligence on performance in several subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Astrid Schütz
- Institute for Psychology, University of Bamberg, 96047 Bamberg, Germany
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30
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Valenti GD, Lo Coco A, Iannello NM, Inguglia C, Pluess M, Lionetti F, Ingoglia S. Individual Differences in Adolescents' Civic Engagement: The Role of Civic Discussions with Parents and Environmental Sensitivity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6315. [PMID: 37444162 PMCID: PMC10341440 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of the current study was to examine the direct and moderating effects of civic discussions with parents and environmental sensitivity using both the total score and its specific dimensions (i.e., Aesthetic Sensitivity, AES; Ease of Excitation, EOE; Low Sensitivity Threshold, LST) on youth civic engagement (attitudes and behaviours). The empirical analysis relied on a questionnaire-based survey conducted on a sample of 438 adolescents (30% males), aged between 14 and 18 years (M = 16.50, SD = 1.36). We used a structural equation model (SEM) with latent variables and the latent moderated structural equation (LMS) method to test our hypotheses. Our results showed that civic discussions with parents were positively and significantly associated with general environmental sensitivity and with AES and predicted both civic attitudes and civic behaviours; EOE was negatively and significantly related to civic behaviours; AES was positively and significantly related to civic attitudes; and LST was not significantly related to either civic attitudes or behaviours. Contrary to our expectations, environmental sensitivity did not moderate the relationship between civic discussions with parents and civic engagement. Our study further highlights the relevance that parents have in shaping their children's civic engagement and makes a novel contribution regarding how differences in perceiving and processing environmental stimuli can affect beliefs and behaviours toward community issues among young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Danila Valenti
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.V.); (A.L.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Alida Lo Coco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.V.); (A.L.C.); (S.I.)
| | | | - Cristiano Inguglia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.V.); (A.L.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Michael Pluess
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Francesca Lionetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Sonia Ingoglia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.V.); (A.L.C.); (S.I.)
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31
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Liu J, Ran G, Zhang Q, Li Y, Zhang Q. The association between callous-unemotional traits and suicide ideation among youth: A conditional process analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 328:245-254. [PMID: 36806662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between callous-unemotional (CU) traits (the affective facet of psychopathy and the psychopathy that occurs during childhood and adolescence) and suicide ideation (SI) remains unclear. The mechanisms underlying this association still have a gap in the literature. The aims of this study were to determine whether and how callous-unemotional traits were associated with suicide ideation, and to evaluate the mediating effect of negative affect (includes irritability, depression, and anxiety) and the moderating effect of future orientation on the association. METHODS Data were extracted from a longitudinal study involving middle and high school students, with 1,913 students (55.3% girls) aged 11 to 19 years (14.9 ± 1.6 years) completing a self-reported online survey. The conditional process analysis was examined using Mplus 8.3. RESULTS We found that callous-unemotional traits positively predicted youths' current suicide ideation, with the observed positive relationship partly mediated by negative affect. However, callous-unemotional traits did not predict the worst-point suicide ideation, which indicated the connection fully mediated by negative affect. Furthermore, future orientation moderated these indirect effects. LIMITATIONS Use of self-report measures and cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS These findings provided evidence for current debates and conflicting conclusions, and set the foundation for future research, as well as implied the important intervention goals for reducing suicide ideation in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncai Liu
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Guangming Ran
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Preschool and Primary Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Yinglun Li
- Sichuan Jianmenguan High School, Guangyuan 628317, China
| | - Qiongzhi Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
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32
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Kidwell KM, James TD, Brock RL, Lazarus Yaroch A, Hill JL, Mize Nelson J, Alex Mason W, Andrews Espy K, Nelson TD. Preschool Executive Control, Temperament, and Adolescent Dietary Behaviors. Ann Behav Med 2023; 57:260-268. [PMID: 35939404 PMCID: PMC10305800 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child temperament styles characterized by increased emotionality or pleasure seeking may increase risk for less healthful eating patterns, while strong executive control (EC) may be protective. The interaction of these characteristics with longitudinal outcomes has not yet been examined. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the association of preschool temperament and EC, as well as their interaction with adolescent eating. METHODS Preschoolers (N = 313) were recruited into a longitudinal study, with behavioral measurement of EC at age 5.25 years, temperament assessed multiple times across preschool, and eating outcomes assessed in adolescence (mean age = 15.34 years). RESULTS Separate latent moderated structural equation models demonstrated that weaker EC was associated with eating less healthful foods, including high sugar foods, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and convenience foods (p < .05). In the moderation models, negative affectivity temperament was correlated with eating less healthful foods, high sugar foods, and SSBs (p < .05). Children lower in surgency/extraversion temperament were more likely to drink SSBs. There was an interaction between temperament and EC, such that children high in negative affectivity with weaker EC were particularly more likely to consume less healthful foods, high sugar foods, and SSBs (p < .05). There was no interaction of surgency with EC and food consumption. CONCLUSIONS Child characteristics measured early in development were associated with later adolescent eating behaviors. Adequate EC could be necessary to counteract the drive toward eating associated with temperaments high in negative affectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiffany D James
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Rebecca L Brock
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - Jennie L Hill
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jennifer Mize Nelson
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - W Alex Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tennessee Health Science Center, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kimberly Andrews Espy
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Timothy D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Hou J, DA S, Wei Y, Zhang X. Work-family conflict and withdrawal behavior among mainland China's IT employees: the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and moderating role of job autonomy. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2023; 61:112-124. [PMID: 35444090 PMCID: PMC10079500 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2021-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the turn of the millennium, the information technology (IT) industry has been growing rapidly in mainland China. One of the significant characteristics of IT employees in mainland China during the past decades was that they tended to work more overtime, which might result in more work-family conflicts and higher turnover rates. Our study tested the mechanism of work-family conflict and work withdrawal behaviors using data from 389 IT employees in mainland China. Using the job demands-resources model and the conservation of resources theory, we examined the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion and the moderating effect of job autonomy. The results indicated that work-to-family conflict was negatively related with work withdrawal behaviors, whereas family-to-work conflict was positively related with work withdrawal behaviors. Moreover, we found the opposite moderating role of job autonomy, which enhanced the relationships between emotional exhaustion and work withdrawal behaviors. That is, the relationship was stronger among employees with higher job autonomy than among those with lower job autonomy. These findings indicate that work-family conflict relates to employees' psychological well-being and behavior, and that job autonomy might play a special role between work-family conflict and work withdrawal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Shu DA
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Yuying Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Xichao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China
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34
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Provost Savard Y, Dagenais‐Desmarais V. Work‐family spillover of satisfaction: The moderating role of domain boundary strength and identity salience. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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35
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Lo Presti A, Costantini A, Akkermans J, Sartori R, De Rosa A. Employability Development during Internships: A Three-Wave Study on a Sample of Psychology Graduates in Italy. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/08948453231161291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
This study adopts a resource perspective to investigate the development of graduates’ resource-based employability across a 1-year internship. We examined factors referring to agency (job crafting in the form of crafting challenges and crafting resources) and context (organizational social socialization tactics) as mechanisms contributing to employability development during initial work experiences (internships). Data were collected in Italy from 316 master graduates in psychology at three time points. Longitudinal structural equation modeling results showed that baseline employability was positively associated with job crafting. However, job crafting was only significantly associated with employability at the end of the internship among those reporting high crafting resources and medium-to-high organizational social socialization tactics. Hence, beyond a focus on proactivity only, organizational support and opportunities to form social networks are essential to sustain interns’ employability development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Lo Presti
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi Della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Arianna Costantini
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Jos Akkermans
- Department of Management and Organization, School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Sartori
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Assunta De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi Della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
- Department of Management and Organization, School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Chen Q, Song Y, Huang Y, Li C. The interactive effects of family violence and peer support on adolescent depressive symptoms: The mediating role of cognitive vulnerabilities. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:524-533. [PMID: 36496101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family violence as an inducing factor of depressive symptoms has been confirmed in previous studies. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood, particularly in Chinese adolescents. Guided by the social-ecological diathesis-stress model, this three-wave longitudinal study aimed to examine the effects of an individual's cognitive vulnerabilities (rejection-sensitivity anxiety and negative cognitive error) and positive societal contexts (peer support) on the link between family violence and depressive symptoms in Chinese society. METHODS A total of 859 Chinese adolescents (44.35 % female; Mage = 12.73, SD = 0.43 at baseline) completed self-reporting surveys that assessed variables associated with study and peer-nominated peer support. RESULTS The results showed that family violence increased the incidence of depressive symptoms in adolescents after two years, resulting in rejection-sensitivity anxiety and negative cognitive error. Surprisingly, higher self-reported peer support, although not peer-nominated support, exacerbated rather than mitigated this indirect effect, supporting the reverse stress-buffering model and extending the healthy context paradox. LIMITATIONS Most of the measures were based on participants' self-reports. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the importance of individual cognition and societal contexts in adolescents with traumatic experiences and provide empirical evidence for the intervention and clinical treatment of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yining Song
- Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuancheng Huang
- Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Caina Li
- Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
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Debus ME, Körner B, Wang M, Kleinmann M. Reacting to Perceived Overqualification: Uniting Strain-Based and Self-Regulatory Adjustment Reactions and the Moderating Role of Formal Work Arrangements. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 38:411-435. [PMID: 36694852 PMCID: PMC9852809 DOI: 10.1007/s10869-022-09870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thus far, research on perceived overqualification has focused on either maladaptive, strain-based versus more adaptive, self-regulatory reactions in isolation. Following person-environment fit theory, we seek to advance this one-sided focus by uniting both types of adjustment reactions and to consider their implications for perceived person-job fit, and performance and wellbeing outcomes. In line with theory, we also examine contextual boundary conditions in the form of indicators of formal work arrangements (i.e., permanent vs. temporary employment contract and job tenure). Utilizing three-wave data from 453 employees, we found that perceived overqualification indirectly and sequentially related to decreases in task performance, organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction via anger toward employment situation and lower levels of perceived person-job fit-thus reflecting the strain-based pathway. For the self-regulatory pathway, findings did not align with our initial proposition that the positive relationship between perceived overqualification and work organization (a form of structural job crafting whereby employees improve their work processes) would be weaker among temporary employees and those with longer tenure. Instead, having a temporary employment contract or having longer job tenure resulted in a negative relationship between perceived overqualification and work organization, which further contributed to a decrease in performance and satisfaction via lower levels of perceived person-job fit. Our study highlights the demotivating role of a temporary employment contract and long job tenure for overqualified employees to reorganize their work. In discussing our findings, we point to the importance of job stage and develop recommendations for managing overqualified employees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mo Wang
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
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Kong X, Brook CA, Li J, Li Y, Schmidt LA. Shyness subtypes and associations with social anxiety: A comparison study of Canadian and Chinese children. Dev Sci 2023:e13369. [PMID: 36640049 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that there are distinct types of children's shyness within eastern and western cultures, with different origins, developmental courses, and outcomes. However, the measures used to examine children's shyness in eastern contexts have been developed almost exclusively in the North American context. Whether shyness subtypes and their predictive associations are conserved between western and eastern cultures on a children's shyness measure developed in an eastern context is an empirical question. Here we examined (a) whether two subtypes from the Chinese Shyness Scale (i.e., anxious and regulated) were identified in a western context, and (b) whether cultural context moderated the relation between the two subtypes of shy behavior and a widely used western characterized social anxiety measure. The participants were children aged 3-5 years from China (Mage = 4.46 years, SD = 0.64, n = 182, 53.8% boys) and Canada (Mage = 3.99 years, SD = 0.82, n = 201, 42.3% boys). The results indicated that the two shyness subtypes and the one-factor social anxiety construct were identified in both cultures. Subsequently, latent moderation structural equation modelling revealed that anxious shyness was significantly and positively related to social anxiety in children from both countries, but more strongly in Canada. Conversely, regulated shyness was significantly and positively related to social anxiety in Canadian children, but not in Chinese children. Findings are discussed regarding possible cultural explanations for why the relations between two Chinese shyness subtypes and social anxiety are different in Chinese and Canadian contexts and their implications to understanding cross-cultural differences in developmental shyness. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Two subtypes of shyness (anxious and regulated shyness) reported in China were identified in both China and Canada Country/culture moderated the relation between shyness subtypes and social anxiety Anxious shyness was positively related to social anxiety in both countries Regulated shyness was positively related to social anxiety in Canadian children, but not in Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Kong
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Ontario, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Christina A Brook
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Ontario, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Juan Li
- College of Preschool Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Preschool Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Louis A Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Ontario, Hamilton, Canada
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Yuan M, Bian X, Liu J, Zhen H, Coplan RJ, Sang B. Relations between maternal panic over COVID-19 and children's depressive symptoms: the moderating role of children's daily routines. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-12. [PMID: 36684461 PMCID: PMC9838507 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 and consequent quarantine policies have substantially altered family lives worldwide. Potential associations between parental negative emotional expressions towards the pandemic, family factors, and child psychological adjustment remain under-explored. Accordingly, the goal of the present study was to examine the relation between maternal panic over COVID-19 and children's depressive symptoms, with a focus on the potential moderating role of children's daily routines during a period of strict quarantine. Participants were N = 1,589 children (M age = 13.13 years, SD = 1.54; 50.7% girls) and their mothers, from Zhengzhou, Henan Province, in Mainland China. Data were collected in April of 2020, when school closure policies were in effect. Mothers reported their panic over COVID-19 and children reported their depressive symptoms and daily routines during the quarantine period. Overall, results indicated a significant positive association between maternal panic over COVID-19 and child depressive symptoms. However, maintaining regular daily routines was found to be a significant moderator of this association, with higher levels of daily routines attenuating the link between maternal panic reactions and child psychological distress (i.e., buffering effect). The results highlight the protective role of regular daily routines in promoting psychological adjustment among Chinese children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-04129-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzi Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | | | - Junsheng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, 200335 Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhen
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, 200335 Shanghai, China
| | | | - Biao Sang
- Shanghai Academy of Educational Science, Shanghai, China
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Zhao J, Cui H, Zhou J, Zhang L. Influence of home chaos on preschool migrant children's resilience: A moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1087710. [PMID: 36925592 PMCID: PMC10011079 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1087710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing attention has been drawn to the development of preschool migrant children's resilience recently. Resilience refers to the positive internal strengths and qualities of individuals in adverse situations, and is an essential psychological quality for preschool migrant children to cope with adversity. Home chaos as a risk factor, has an important impact on the development of individual's resilience, but the specific mechanisms under which home chaos works have yet to be explored, especially for preschool migrant children. Based on resilience model theory, 3,135 preschool migrant children and their families were surveyed and a moderated mediating effect mode was constructed to test the effect of home chaos on preschool migrant children's resilience. The results showed that after controlling for gender and age, home chaos significantly and negatively predicted preschool migrant children's resilience. Family resilience played a mediating role in the relationship between home chaos and preschool migrant children's resilience. Meanwhile, social support positively moderated the mediating effects of family resilience. The findings of this study suggested that low home chaos was conducive to promoting family resilience, which in turn fostered children's resilience, and that social support could play its protective role in weakening the negative effects of home chaos and this had certain guiding implications for the development of resilience in preschool migrant children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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Fernandez de Henestrosa M, Sischka PE, Steffgen G. Examining the challenge-hindrance-threat distinction of job demands alongside job resources. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1011815. [PMID: 36874807 PMCID: PMC9983325 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1011815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous research conducted on the Job Demands-Resources model has mostly ignored the newly introduced Challenge-Hindrance-Threat distinction of workplace stressors. Thus, to better understand the nature of job demands, the present study aimed to explore this distinction of job demands within the framework of the Job Demands-Resources model. Moreover, it examined competing theoretical frameworks by investigating the associations between job characteristics and psychological health variables (i.e., burnout, vigor). Design/methodology/approach Data were collected via computer assisted telephone interview among a representative sample of employees working in Luxembourg (n = 1,506). Findings Structural Equation Modeling supported the distinctiveness of the proposed demand categories in terms of their effects. The health impairing nature of threats, hindrances, and challenges, as well as the motivational potential of resources was supported. Yet, scarce support was found for the moderating effects of demands and resources on employees' well-being. Research implications Based on these findings, we argue for an extended framework of job characteristics, which will more accurately describe their nature and effects on employees. Practical implications In order to promote employee's well-being, occupational health advisors need to be aware of the distinct demand-wellbeing relations when implementing job redesign measures. Originality/value Combining multiple theoretical frameworks is considered a leading principle in occupational health research. The present study implements an extended classification framework of workplace stressors into one of today's most influential theoretical framework of job characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Fernandez de Henestrosa
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Philipp E Sischka
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Georges Steffgen
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Liu Y, Jiang X. Application of protection motivation theory and cultural tightness-looseness for predicting individuals' compliance with the government's recommended preventive measures during regular prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1043247. [PMID: 36908448 PMCID: PMC10003346 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1043247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the period of regular prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic, the public must continue to comply with the government's recommended preventive measures to further curb the pandemic. Based on the theories of protection motivation and cultural tightness-looseness, this study investigates individuals' compliance with the government's recommended preventive measures during this period in China. It also establishes a moderated mediation model to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods We used structural equation modeling and latent model structural equations to analyze data from an online survey of 443 participants. Results The analysis showed that media exposure significantly predicted perceived severity, maladaptive rewards, self-efficacy, response efficacy, and response cost. Perceived severity, self-efficacy, and response efficacy were positively associated with protection motivation, which, in turn, was positively associated with individuals' compliance. Additionally, protection motivation positively affected individuals' compliance via implementation intention, and perceived cultural tightness-looseness significantly moderated the association between protection motivation and implementation intention. Discussion This study helps to better understand individuals' compliance from a theoretical perspective and provide practical advice on promoting individuals' compliance with the government's precautionary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Jiang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Petitta L, Probst TM, Ghezzi V, Barbaranelli C. The impact of emotional contagion on workplace safety: Investigating the roles of sleep, health, and production pressure. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 42:2362-2376. [PMID: 33758486 PMCID: PMC7972334 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Using emotional contagion theory and the Job Demands-Resources model as a theoretical foundation, we tested the proposition that higher levels of contagion of anger (i.e., a demand) vs. higher levels of contagion of joy (i.e., a resource) will be associated respectively with more vs. fewer sleep disturbances and health problems, which in turn are related to more workplace accidents and injuries. Moreover, we examined the moderating impact of production pressure (i.e., a contextual demand) on the relationship between emotional contagion and employee poor sleep and health. Data from 1000 employees in Italy showed that the conditional indirect effects of contagion of anger, but not of joy, on accidents and injuries via sleep and health problems were intensified as levels of production pressure increased. Furthermore, contagion of anger was positively associated with both sleep disturbances and health problems whereas contagion of joy was negatively related to only sleep disturbances. These findings suggest that the effect of anger that employees absorb during social interactions at work likely persists when coming at home and represents an emotional demand that impairs the physiological functions that regulate restorative sleep and energies recharging; and, this effect is even stronger among employees who perceived higher levels of organizational production pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Petitta
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Tahira M. Probst
- Washington State University Vancouver, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, WA 98686-9600 USA
| | - Valerio Ghezzi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Barbaranelli
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Baardstu S, Sette S, Brandlistuen RE, Wang MV. The role of early social play behaviors and language skills for shy children's later internalizing difficulties in school. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1120109. [PMID: 36937713 PMCID: PMC10014604 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1120109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has demonstrated links from early childhood shyness to socioemotional problems later in life. This longitudinal study explored the role of early social play behaviors and language skills in the associations between childhood shyness and later internalizing and language difficulties in school. Participants were N = 7,447 children (50.1% girls) from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Latent direct, indirect, and interaction path analyses were performed within a structural equation framework. Results showed that mother-rated childhood shyness from age 18 months to age five years was associated with mother-rated internalizing difficulties and language problems at age eight years. Lower levels of teacher-reported social play behaviors and poorer language skills in preschool increased the risk of later anxiety problems among shy children, whereas higher levels of language competencies and social play behaviors buffered against later anxiety problems. The study identifies some of the early risk and protective factors that may influence shy children's socio-emotional functioning and adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Baardstu
- Department of Childhood and Families, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Silje Baardstu,
| | - Stefania Sette
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mari Vaage Wang
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Schulz-Zhecheva Y, Voelkle MC, Beauducel A, Biscaldi M, Klein C. Intra-Subject Variability, Intelligence, and ADHD Traits in a Community-Based Sample. J Atten Disord 2023; 27:67-79. [PMID: 36082454 DOI: 10.1177/10870547221118523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the predictive validity of intra-subject variability (ISV) for ADHD traits in a community-based sample and the stability of the relationship between ISV and fluid intelligence (gf) across the continuum of ADHD traits. METHOD Age-residualized data from 426 participants (8-18 years, 6% ADHD) was used to investigate whether ex-Gaussian and DDM parameters derived from simple choice-reaction-time tasks can predict continuously assessed ADHD traits. Multiple-Group-Analyses and Latent-Moderated-Structural-Equations were used to test whether ADHD traits moderate the relationship between ISV and gf. RESULTS σ and μ of the ex-Gaussian model as well as DDM parameters drift rate (v) and boundary separation (a) significantly predicted general ADHD traits, while τ predicted attention difficulties specifically. Across the ADHD continuum, σ and v were significant predictors of gf. CONCLUSION The results confirm the link between ISV and ADHD. The relationship between ISV and gf appears stable across the ADHD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christoph Klein
- University of Freiburg, Germany.,University of Cologne, Germany.,National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Germany
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46
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Phan V, Beck JW. Why Do People (Not) Take Breaks? An Investigation of Individuals' Reasons for Taking and for Not Taking Breaks at Work. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 38:259-282. [PMID: 36593864 PMCID: PMC9798373 DOI: 10.1007/s10869-022-09866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although breaks can help employees stay energized and maintain high levels of performance throughout the day, employees sometimes refrain from taking a break despite wanting to do so. Unfortunately, few studies have investigated individuals' reasons for taking and for not taking a break at work. To address this gap, we developed a model for predicting employees' break-taking behaviors. We developed hypotheses by integrating theories of work stress, self-regulation, and the results of a qualitative survey conducted as part of the current research (Study 1). Specifically, we predicted that high workloads would be positively related to the desire to detach from work, but that at the same time, high workloads would also deter employees from actually taking breaks. Furthermore, we predicted that employees would be less likely to act upon their desire to take a break within an environment where breaks are frowned upon by supervisors and coworkers, relative to an environment where breaks are allowed and encouraged. The results of a daily diary study of full-time employees (Study 2) provided general support for these predictions. Altogether, this research provides insights into the manner in which employees' psychological experiences and characteristics of the work environment combine to predict break-taking. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10869-022-09866-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Phan
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - James W. Beck
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
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Steiner RS, Krings F, Allen TD. Not up to the task: perceptions of women and men with work-family conflicts. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2022.2151900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka S. Steiner
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Franciska Krings
- Department of Organizational Behavior, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tammy D. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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El Khawli E, Keller AC, Agostini M, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Leander NP, Scheibe S. The rise and fall of job insecurity during a pandemic: The role of habitual coping. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 139:103792. [PMID: 36213623 PMCID: PMC9531324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Crises like the COVID-19 pandemic can trigger concerns about loss of employment and changes in work conditions, and thereby increase job insecurity. Yet, little is known about how perceived job insecurity subsequently unfolds over time and how individual differences in habitual coping moderate such a trajectory. Using longitudinal data from 899 US-based participants across 5 waves (March to June 2020), we investigated the trajectory of job insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic and how this trajectory depended on habitual coping strategies such as planning, reappraisal, and distraction. Results from latent growth curve analysis indicated that, on average, job insecurity initially increased and then decreased after signing of the coronavirus stimulus bill, suggesting a pattern of shock followed by adjustment. During the shock phase, habitual use of distraction was related to less increases in job insecurity. Later during the adjustment phase, decreases in job insecurity were more pronounced for individuals with higher habitual use of planning, but were not affected by reappraisal or distraction. Hence, different coping strategies appear beneficial in different phases of adjustment, and the beneficial effect of planning may take time to manifest. Altogether, our study highlights how in the context of extraordinary and uncontrollable events, coping strategies can impact the trajectory of a stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ben Gützkow
- University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Phillips EM, Brock RL, James TD, Nelson JM, Espy KA, Nelson TD. Empirical support for a dual process model of the p-factor: Interaction effects between preschool executive control and preschool negative emotionality on general psychopathology. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2022; 131:817-829. [PMID: 36326624 PMCID: PMC9718359 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent work indicates that a general factor, often referred to as the p-factor, underlies nearly all forms of psychopathology. Although the criterion validity and utility of this general factor have been well supported, questions remain about the substantive meaning of the p-factor. The purpose of the present longitudinal study was to empirically test the hypothesis that the p-factor reflects dysregulation arising from a combination of high dispositional negative emotionality and low executive control. The current study examined preschool executive control, measured using a battery of 9 developmentally appropriate executive control tasks, as a moderator of the association between preschool negative emotionality and both concurrent and subsequent levels of general psychopathology in preschool and elementary school using a community sample (N = 497). Latent moderated structural equation models demonstrated that preschool executive control significantly moderated the associations between preschool negative emotionality and general psychopathology both in preschool and approximately 5 years later in elementary school. These results suggest that the general factor of psychopathology may reflect dysregulation arising from a tendency to experience high negative affect, without sufficient executive control to effectively down-regulate that affect. This work has important implications for identifying transdiagnostic targets for prevention and intervention efforts, as well as furthering understanding of the substantive meaning and construct validity of the general factor of psychopathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tiffany D James
- Office of Research and Economic Development, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | | | - Kimberly Andrews Espy
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio
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Wang D, Zhan C. Why Not Blow the Whistle on Health Care Insurance Fraud? Evidence from Jiangsu Province, China. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1897-1915. [PMID: 36268183 PMCID: PMC9577100 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s379300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify the factors that influence whistleblowing behavior as it relates to health care insurance fraud in Jiangsu Province, China. Methods To construct a factor model and formulate research hypotheses using the Motivation–Opportunity–Ability framework. We designed a questionnaire containing 24 items and distributed it on-site to 2081 respondents in Jiangsu Province, China. Afterward, we applied structural equation modeling to validate the research hypotheses. Results Policy awareness negatively contributes to whistleblowing behavior, risk perception does not reduce the incentive to blow the whistle, and an inability to recognize fraud is another critical barrier to converting whistleblowing intentions into behavior. Conclusion Practices that are likely to promote citizen whistleblowing on insurance fraud may focus on the constraints identified by the comprehensive Motivation–Opportunity–Ability framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changchun Zhan
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Changchun Zhan, Tel +86-15952808385, Email
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