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Masood Y, Alvarez Nishio A, Starling B, Dawson S, Salsberg J, Blackburn S, van Vliet E, Pittens CA. Series: Public engagement with research. Part 2: GPs and primary care researchers working inclusively with minoritised communities in health research to help address inequalities. Eur J Gen Pract 2024; 30:2322996. [PMID: 38477291 PMCID: PMC10939099 DOI: 10.1080/13814788.2024.2322996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Public engagement in health research is vital for addressing health disparities and promoting inclusivity among minoritised communities who often face barriers to accessing healthcare. Minoritised communities are groups, which have been made minorities by a dominant culture, race, ethnic group and/or social class and may experience health inequalities as a result. By incorporating diverse perspectives and lived experiences of minoritised communities, this approach aims to achieve contextually relevant research outcomes that reduce health inequalities and improve overall well-being. However, underrepresentation and lack of inclusivity challenges persist, necessitating the establishment of inclusive partnerships and grassroots participatory methodologies. To foster inclusive public engagement, it is important to overcome structural and cultural barriers, address socioeconomic challenges, and build trust with minoritised communities. This can be achieved by promoting a cultural shift that values inclusivity, providing comprehensive training to researchers, and collecting rigorous data on engagement demographics for transparency and accountability. Involving minoritised communities in decision-making through participatory research approaches enhances trust and yields successful outcomes. Additionally, allocating sufficient resources, collaborating in co-production, and prioritising the diverse needs and perspectives of stakeholders contribute to fostering inclusive public engagement in research. Overall, inclusive engagement practices particularly in primary care research have the potential to reduce health inequalities and cater to the unique requirements of minoritised communities, thereby creating more impactful outcomes and promoting equitable healthcare access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumna Masood
- Centre for Evidence Based Medicine | Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences |, University of Oxford Radcliffe Primary Care Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Bella Starling
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Shoba Dawson
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jon Salsberg
- University of Limerick, Family Medicine Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Steven Blackburn
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Esther van Vliet
- Academic Collaborative Centers, Knowledge Transfer Office, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Bungay V, Dewar L, Schoening M, Guta A, Leiper W, Jiao S. Co-designing an Outreach Intervention for Women Experiencing Street-Involvement and Gender-Based Violence: Community-Academic Partnerships in Action. Violence Against Women 2024; 30:1760-1782. [PMID: 38374653 PMCID: PMC11041070 DOI: 10.1177/10778012241233004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Outreach is an important approach to improve health and social care for women experiencing street involvement (SI) or gender-based violence (GBV). Few studies have examined outreach approaches that incorporate SI and GBV. Drawing on feminist theories and principles of community-based research, we detail an inclusive co-design approach for an outreach intervention considering these interrelated contexts. Women with lived experience, researchers, and service leaders drew on research and experiential knowledge to define outreach engagement principles: tackling GBV, personhood and relational engagement, trauma-informed engagement, and harm reduction engagement. The resulting intervention integrates these principles to enable building and sustaining relationships to facilitate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Bungay
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Linda Dewar
- Inner-City Women's Initiatives Society, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Community Advisory Committee, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Wendy Leiper
- Community Partner Organization, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sunny Jiao
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Pancras G, Ezekiel M, Mbugi E, Merz JF. Who to engage in HIV vaccine trial benefit-sharing negotiations? An empirical proposition of a framework. BMC Med Ethics 2024; 25:54. [PMID: 38745276 PMCID: PMC11092097 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-024-01058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A morally sound framework for benefit-sharing is crucial to minimize research exploitation for research conducted in developing countries. However, in practice, it remains uncertain which stakeholders should be involved in the decision-making process regarding benefit-sharing and what the implications might be. Therefore the study aimed to empirically propose a framework for benefit-sharing negotiations in research by taking HIV vaccine trials as a case. METHODS The study was conducted in Tanzania using a case study design and qualitative approaches. Data were collected using in-depth interviews (IDI) and focus group discussions (FGD). A total of 37 study participants were selected purposively comprising institutional review board (IRB) members, researchers, community advisory board (CAB) members, a policymaker, and HIV/AIDS advocates. Deductive and inductive thematic analysis approaches were deployed to analyze collected data with the aid of MAXQDA version 20.4.0 software. RESULTS The findings indicate a triangular relationship between the research community, researched community and intermediaries. However, the relationship ought to take into consideration the timing of negotiations, the level of understanding between parties and the phase of the clinical trial. The proposed framework operationalize partnership interactions in community-based participatory research. CONCLUSION In the context of this study, the suggested framework incorporates the research community, the community being researched, and intermediary parties. The framework would guarantee well-informed and inclusive decision-making regarding benefit-sharing in HIV vaccine trials and other health-related research conducted in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin Pancras
- Department of Bioethics and Health Professionalism, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Mangi Ezekiel
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Erasto Mbugi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Jon F Merz
- Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Blockley Hall Floor 14, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4884, USA
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Anaya M, Law W, Montoya HL, Moreira CM. Discharge Interventions for Limited English Proficiency Patients: A Scoping Review. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-02003-2. [PMID: 38639867 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited English proficiency patients are required under federal law to receive language-concordant care, yet they still receive substandard discharge instructions compared to English-speaking patients. We aimed to summarize the interventions carried out to improve discharge instructions in the limited English proficiency population. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of academic and gray literature from the United States using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols for Scoping Reviews guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL for studies to improve discharge communication. RESULTS Of the 3330 studies, 19 studies met the criteria. Core types of interventions included written interventions alone, educational interventions alone, written and educational interventions, audio and visual interventions, and other types of interventions. Even among the same core types of interventions, there were differences in types of interventions, outcomes examined, and results. DISCUSSION The majority of included interventions that studied satisfaction as an outcome measure showed improvement, while the other outcomes were not improved or worsened. More rigorous methodology and community involvement are necessary to further analyze discharge interventions for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Anaya
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, APC 4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - William Law
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, APC 4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Hannah L Montoya
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, APC 4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Carla M Moreira
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, APC 4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
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Clark EC, Baidoobonso S, Phillips KAM, Noonan LL, Bakker J, Burnett T, Stoby K, Dobbins M. Mobilizing community-driven health promotion through community granting programs: a rapid systematic review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:932. [PMID: 38561718 PMCID: PMC10983705 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective health promotion responds to the unique needs of communities. Community granting programs that fund community-driven health promotion initiatives are a potential mechanism to meet those unique needs. While numerous community health-focused programs are available, the various strategies used by granting programs to foster engagement, administer grants and support awardees have not been systematically evaluated. This rapid systematic review explores the administration of community granting programs and how various program components impact process and population health outcomes. METHODS A systematic search was conducted across three databases: Medline, SocINDEX, and Political Science Database. Single reviewers completed screening, consistent with a rapid review protocol. Studies describing or evaluating community granting programs for health or public health initiatives were included. Data regarding program characteristics were extracted and studies were evaluated for quality. A convergent integrated approach was used to analyze quantitative and qualitative findings. RESULTS Thirty-five community granting programs, described in 36 studies, were included. Most were descriptive reports or qualitative studies conducted in the USA. Program support for grant awardees included technical assistance, workshops and training, program websites, and networking facilitation. While most programs reported on process outcomes, few reported on community or health outcomes; such outcomes were positive when reported. Programs reported that many funded projects were likely sustainable beyond program funding, due to the development of awardee skills, new partnerships, and securing additional funding. From the perspectives of program staff and awardees, facilitators included the technical assistance and workshops provided by the programs, networking amongst awardees, and the involvement of community members. Barriers included short timelines to develop proposals and allocate funds. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a comprehensive overview of health-related community granting programs. Grant awardees benefit from technical assistance, workshops, and networking with other awardees. Project sustainability is enhanced by the development of new community partnerships and grant-writing training for awardees. Community granting programs can be a valuable strategy to drive community health, with several key elements that enhance community mobilization. REGISTRATION PROSPERO #CRD42023399364.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Clark
- National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools, McMaster University, McMaster Innovation Park, 175 Longwood Rd S, Suite 210a, Hamilton, ON, L8P 0A1, Canada
| | - Shamara Baidoobonso
- Department of Health and Wellness, Government of Prince Edward Island, Chief Public Health Office, 16 Fitzroy St, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 7N8, Canada
| | - Karen A M Phillips
- Department of Health and Wellness, Government of Prince Edward Island, Chief Public Health Office, 16 Fitzroy St, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 7N8, Canada
| | - Laura Lee Noonan
- Department of Health and Wellness, Government of Prince Edward Island, Chief Public Health Office, 16 Fitzroy St, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 7N8, Canada
| | - Jiselle Bakker
- Department of Health and Wellness, Government of Prince Edward Island, Chief Public Health Office, 16 Fitzroy St, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 7N8, Canada
| | - Trish Burnett
- National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools, McMaster University, McMaster Innovation Park, 175 Longwood Rd S, Suite 210a, Hamilton, ON, L8P 0A1, Canada
| | - Karlene Stoby
- National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools, McMaster University, McMaster Innovation Park, 175 Longwood Rd S, Suite 210a, Hamilton, ON, L8P 0A1, Canada
| | - Maureen Dobbins
- National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools, McMaster University, McMaster Innovation Park, 175 Longwood Rd S, Suite 210a, Hamilton, ON, L8P 0A1, Canada.
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre 2J20, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Ghazal LV, Johnston H, Dodd E, Ramachandra Y, Giallourakis N, Fulginiti K, Kamen C. A Needs Assessment Approach for Adolescent and Young Adult Sexual and Gender Diverse Cancer Survivors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:424. [PMID: 38673335 PMCID: PMC11050404 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sexual and gender diverse (SGD) adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors are an increasing and vulnerable group with unique needs that often remain unmet in the healthcare system. This paper describes the conceptualization and development of a community-based organization dedicated to serving SGD AYAs, in addition to reporting on the results of a community-led needs assessment. A total of 56 SGD AYA community members completed the online survey. Most participants were between the ages of 26 to 33, identified as white, cisgender, bisexual women, and had hematologic malignancies. Identified unmet needs of SGD AYAs included the following: sexual health and family planning; gender affirmation; financial stability; and emotional support. Areas within the community organization were identified as gaps, areas of expansion, and assets. Results highlight the role of community and academic partnerships in improving cancer care delivery for SGD AYA cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren V. Ghazal
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Hailey Johnston
- Escape, Lansing, MI 48915, USA; (H.J.); (E.D.); (Y.R.)
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Charles Kamen
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Control, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Solomon SR, Belfiglio A, Tuton LW, Thomas NA. Training Community Leaders to Serve as Equal Partners in Research: Penn Community Scholars Program, 2015-2023. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:284-288. [PMID: 38271652 PMCID: PMC10882383 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
An implementation and effectiveness evaluation of the Community Scholars Program was conducted at the University of Pennsylvania to enhance community capacity to collaborate with academics in mutually beneficial, equitable, and transformative research. Mixed methods were employed using administrative data, surveys, and key informant interviews. Participants expressed high satisfaction, valued interactive learning, and identified areas for improvement. The program increased knowledge and self-confidence in research-related skills and trust in the research process. The program serves as an institutional model to create long-term, mutually beneficial community-academic partnerships. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(3):284-288. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307549).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Solomon
- Sara R. Solomon, Andrew Belfiglio, Lucy Wolf Tuton, and Nicole A. Thomas are with the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Andrew Belfiglio
- Sara R. Solomon, Andrew Belfiglio, Lucy Wolf Tuton, and Nicole A. Thomas are with the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Lucy Wolf Tuton
- Sara R. Solomon, Andrew Belfiglio, Lucy Wolf Tuton, and Nicole A. Thomas are with the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Nicole A Thomas
- Sara R. Solomon, Andrew Belfiglio, Lucy Wolf Tuton, and Nicole A. Thomas are with the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Ogourtsova T, Gonzalez M, Zerbo A, Gavin F, Shikako K, Weiss J, Majnemer A. Lessons learned in measuring patient engagement in a Canada-wide childhood disability network. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2024; 10:18. [PMID: 38326926 PMCID: PMC10851468 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-024-00551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CHILD-BRIGHT Network, a pan-Canadian childhood disability research Network, is dedicated to patient-oriented research, where numerous stakeholders, including patient-partners, researchers, and clinicians are involved at different levels. The Network is committed to continuously improving the level of engagement and partnerships' impact. Measuring patient engagement is therefore important in reflecting on our practices and enhancing our approaches. We aimed to measure patient engagement longitudinally and explore in greater depth the perceived benefits, barriers and facilitators, and overall satisfaction with patient engagement, from the perspectives of the different stakeholders. METHODS Patient engagement was measured using online surveys. In a longitudinal study design over a 3-years period (2018-2020) the Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) questionnaire was used. To enrich our understanding of patient engagement in Year 3, we employed the Public and Patient Engagement Evaluation Tool (PPEET) in a cross-sectional, convergent parallel mixed-method study design. Descriptive statistics and a thematic-based approach were used for data analysis. RESULTS The CBPR questionnaire was completed by n = 167 (61.4% response rate), n = 92 (30.2% response rate), and n = 62 (14.2% response rate) Network members in Years 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Ninety-five (n = 95, 21.8% response rate) members completed the PPEET in Year 3. CBPR findings demonstrate a stable and high satisfaction level with patient engagement over time, where 94%, 86%, and 94% of stakeholders indicated that the project is a "true partnership" in Years 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In Years 2 and 3, we noted an improvement in patient-partners' comfort level in sharing their views and perspectives (92% and 91% vs. 74%). An increase in critical reflective trust (i.e., allowing for discussing and resolving mistakes) from Year 1 to 3 was found, both from the perspectives of patient-partners (51-65%) and researchers (48-75%). Using the PPEET, patient engagement factors (i.e., communications and supports for participation, ability to share views and perspectives) and impact were highly rated by most (80-100%) respondents. PPEET's qualitative responses revealed several patient engagement advantages (e.g., increased projects' relevance, enhanced knowledge translation), barriers (e.g., group homogeneity), facilitators (e.g., optimal communication strategies), and solutions to further improve patient engagement (e.g., provide clarity on goals). CONCLUSION Our 3-years patient engagement evaluation journey demonstrated a consistent and high level of satisfaction with patient engagement within the Network and identified advantages, barriers, facilitators, and potential solutions. Improvements were observed in members' comfort in sharing their views and perspectives, along with an increase in critical reflective trust. These findings underscore the Network's commitment to enhancing patient engagement and provide valuable insights for continued improvement and optimization of collaborative efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Ogourtsova
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Research Center of the Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Centre de Santé et de Services Sociaux de Laval, Laval, QC, Canada.
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Miriam Gonzalez
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Alix Zerbo
- Montreal Children's Hospital, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frank Gavin
- Montreal Children's Hospital, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Keiko Shikako
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Children's Hospital, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Weiss
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annette Majnemer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Children's Hospital, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Allweiss T, Schaefer I, Krieger T, Amort FM, Wright M, Dresen A. [Planning, Reflecting and Evaluating Participatory Health Research: Adaptation and Piloting of the "Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Model" for German-Speaking Countries]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2024; 86:111-117. [PMID: 38128570 PMCID: PMC10883004 DOI: 10.1055/a-2167-2100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Participatory research approaches are becoming increasingly established in both academic and practice settings. The participation of people with varied lived experiences and professional backgrounds can help academia and practitioners to learn from and empower each other. In the exchange of different perspectives, needs and ideas, it is possible to plan, reflect on, implement and evaluate projects in the health sector jointly and with attention to the needs of all stakeholders. The Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Model is often used internationally to guide participatory processes. However, an accessible translation has been lacking for application in German-speaking countries. To address this problem, a multidisciplinary working group composed of academic researchers and practitioners came together within the German-speaking Participatory Health Research Network (PartNet) to adapt the CBPR model for German-speaking countries and to test the adapted version with potential users. The adaptation was more than a translation, as the four model components "Contexts", "Partnership Processes", "Intervention & Research" and "Outcomes" as well as their associated contents are not directly applicable to the socio-structural and political contexts of the German-speaking countries. This article describes the process of adapting the model. This includes how translation drafts for German-speaking countries were first discussed in detail and then agreed upon as an initial template for testing in practice. Subsequently, various users reflected on the German-language model based on their experience of testing it in different projects, focusing on accuracy, comprehensibility and applicability. At the same time, the model was presented and discussed at conferences. The diverse feedback was incorporated into further revisions of the model. The result is a German-language version called "Modell für partizipative Gesundheitsforschung (PGF-Modell)".
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Allweiss
- Institut für Soziale Gesundheit, Katholische Hochschule für Sozialwesen Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ina Schaefer
- Partizipative Ansätze in den Sozial- und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Alice Salomon Hochschule Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Theresia Krieger
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie - Neuropsychologie und Gender Studies, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
| | - Frank M Amort
- Institut Gesundheits- und Tourismusmanagement, FH Joanneum GmbH Institut Gesundheits- und Tourismusmanagement, Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
| | - Michael Wright
- Institut für Soziale Gesundheit, Katholische Hochschule für Sozialwesen Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Dresen
- Institut für Medizinsoziologie, Versorgungsforschung und Rehabilitationswissenschaft, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
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Wippold GM, Tucker CM, Farishta A, Kim E, Hill R, Burwell A, Sapia P. An in-person and technology-implemented holistic health promotion program for older Black adults in low-income communities. J Natl Med Assoc 2024; 116:83-92. [PMID: 38172041 PMCID: PMC10922434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic halted many in-person programs of research and required researchers to pivot to technology-enhanced approaches. To date, there are no examples or guidelines on how to use technology to implement health promotion programs rooted in the community-based participatory research (CBPR) model among low-income older Black adults. The aims of this paper are (a) to describe and report on the health-related outcomes of an in-person CBPR model-based health promotion intervention program for older Black adults in a low-income community, and (b) to describe the process of adapting this program to a technology-enhanced and Zoom-delivered format and provide preliminary evidence on the health-related outcomes and acceptability of this program. This paper highlights the potential benefits of a technology-enhanced and Zoom-delivered health promotion program among low-income older Black adults and provides recommendations to optimize such efforts to foster these benefits. These recommendations are aligned with the four domains of the CBPR model (i.e., contexts, partnership processes, intervention and research, and outcomes). We conclude that CBPR model-based, technology implemented health promotion interventions for low-income older Black adults are acceptable to such adults and should attend to the values, perspectives, and preferences of these individuals. The information in this manuscript is relevant to health promotion specialists at this seemingly ongoing though post-pandemic era because technology-enhanced interventions are scalable and cost-effective and those anchored in CBPR are well-positioned to promote health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erin Kim
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rhonda Hill
- UF College of Community Health and Family Medicine (Jacksonville), Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Vaughan EM, Cardenas VJ, Chan W, Amspoker AB, Johnston CA, Virani SS, Ballantyne CM, Naik AD. Implementation and Evaluation of a mHealth-Based Community Health Worker Feedback Loop for Hispanics with and at Risk for Diabetes. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:229-238. [PMID: 37803098 PMCID: PMC10853118 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaps in accessibility and communication hinder diabetes care in poor communities. Combining mobile health (mHealth) and community health workers (CHWs) into models to bridge these gaps has great potential but needs evaluation. OBJECTIVE To evaluate a mHealth-based, Participant-CHW-Clinician feedback loop in a real-world setting. DESIGN Quasi-experimental feasibility study with intervention and usual care (UC) groups. PARTICIPANTS A total of 134 participants (n = 67/group) who were all low-income, uninsured Hispanics with or at-risk for type 2 diabetes. INTERVENTION A 15-month study with a weekly to semimonthly mHealth Participant-CHW-Clinician feedback loop to identify participant issues and provide participants monthly diabetes education via YouTube. MAIN MEASURES We used pre-defined feasibility measures to evaluate our intervention: (a) implementation, the execution of feedback loops to identify and resolve participant issues, and (b) efficacy, intended effects of the program on clinical outcomes (baseline to 15-month HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and weight changes) for each group and their subgroups (at-risk; with diabetes, including uncontrolled (HbA1c ≥ 7%)). KEY RESULTS CHWs identified 433 participant issues (mean = 6.5 ± 5.3) and resolved 91.9% of these. Most issues were related to supplies, 26.3% (n = 114); physical health, 23.1% (n = 100); and medication access, 20.8% (n = 90). Intervention participants significantly improved HbA1c (- 0.51%, p = 0.03); UC did not (- 0.10%, p = 0.76). UC DBP worsened (1.91 mmHg, p < 0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed HbA1c improvements for uncontrolled diabetes (intervention: - 1.59%, p < 0.01; controlled: - 0.72, p = 0.03). Several variables for UC at-risk participants worsened: HbA1c (0.25%, p < 0.01), SBP (4.05 mmHg, p < 0.01), DBP (3.21 mmHg, p = 0.01). There were no other significant changes for either group. CONCLUSIONS A novel mHealth-based, Participant-CHW-Clinician feedback loop was associated with improved HbA1c levels and identification and resolution of participant issues. UC individuals had several areas of clinical deterioration, particularly those at-risk for diabetes, which is concerning for progression to diabetes and disease-related complications. CLINICAL TRIAL NCT03394456, accessed at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03394456.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Vaughan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Victor J Cardenas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Wenyaw Chan
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA
| | - Amber B Amspoker
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Craig A Johnston
- Department of Health and Human Perfomance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Salim S Virani
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Aanand D Naik
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Caniglia G, Russo F. How is who: evidence as clues for action in participatory sustainability science and public health research. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 46:4. [PMID: 38193992 PMCID: PMC10776828 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-023-00603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Participatory and collaborative approaches in sustainability science and public health research contribute to co-producing evidence that can support interventions by involving diverse societal actors that range from individual citizens to entire communities. However, existing philosophical accounts of evidence are not adequate to deal with the kind of evidence generated and used in such approaches. In this paper, we present an account of evidence as clues for action through participatory and collaborative research inspired by philosopher Susan Haack's theory of evidence. Differently from most accounts of evidence for use in policies and interventions, our account combines action-oriented (the how) and actors-oriented (the who) considerations. We build on Haack's theory and on the analysis of examples of participatory and collaborative research in sustainability science and public health research to flesh out six procedural criteria for the generation and mobilization of evidence in and from participatory research. Action-oriented criteria invite to look at evidence from a (a) foundherentist, (b) gradational and (c) quasi-holistic perspective. Actors-oriented criteria point out that evidence generation and utilization are (d) social, (e) personal, and (f) embedded. We suggest that these criteria may reinforce participatory and collaborative approaches to evidence co-production when addressing complex problems in sustainability science and public health allowing for the generation of a kind of practical objectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica Russo
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- University College London, London, UK.
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Cuauro SE, Santos N, Andrade E, Dani AW, Sanchious SN, Hooper SC, Becker CB. Internalized Weight Stigma and Weight Discrimination: Associations with Quality of Life and Psychosocial Impairment in a Sample Living with Food Insecurity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7147. [PMID: 38131699 PMCID: PMC10742389 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20247147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that experiencing weight discrimination is associated with a lower quality of life and poor psychological and physical health. However, much of the existing weight discrimination literature has neglected under-represented groups. Little is known about how the experience of weight discrimination affects quality of life and eating/weight-related psychosocial impairment in those living with food insecurity. The present study investigated the associations of weight discrimination and eating/weight-related psychosocial impairment and quality of life. We examined internalized weight stigma and several psychological indicators as potential mediators. Participants (N = 1085) who were recruited from a local food bank completed a questionnaire assessing food insecurity, weight discrimination, internalized weight stigma, eating disorder pathology, anxiety, depression, eating/weight-related psychosocial impairment, and quality of life. Overall, almost one in four participants reported experiencing weight discrimination. Our serial mediation models indicated that increased experiences of weight discrimination were associated with greater internalized weight stigma and psychopathology, which were in turn associated with lower quality of life and greater eating/weight-related psychosocial impairment. Thus, experiencing weight discrimination may negatively impact quality of life and eating/weight-related psychosocial impairment through its effect on mental health. It is imperative to address the negative effects of the widespread discrimination of people based on their weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina E. Cuauro
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA; (N.S.); (E.A.); (A.W.D.); (S.N.S.); (C.B.B.)
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Natalia Santos
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA; (N.S.); (E.A.); (A.W.D.); (S.N.S.); (C.B.B.)
| | - Estefania Andrade
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA; (N.S.); (E.A.); (A.W.D.); (S.N.S.); (C.B.B.)
| | - Anoushka W. Dani
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA; (N.S.); (E.A.); (A.W.D.); (S.N.S.); (C.B.B.)
| | - Saivone N. Sanchious
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA; (N.S.); (E.A.); (A.W.D.); (S.N.S.); (C.B.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Savannah C. Hooper
- Department of Psychological and Brain Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
| | - Carolyn Black Becker
- Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA; (N.S.); (E.A.); (A.W.D.); (S.N.S.); (C.B.B.)
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14
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Vos SC, Adatorwovor R, Roberts MK, Lee Sherman D, Bonds D, Dunfee MN, Spring B, Schoenberg NE. Community engagement through social media: A promising low-cost strategy for rural recruitment? J Rural Health 2023:10.1111/jrh.12809. [PMID: 37985592 PMCID: PMC11102927 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE For the same reasons that rural telehealth has shown promise for enhancing the provision of care in underserved environments, social media recruitment may facilitate more inclusive research engagement in rural areas. However, little research has examined social media recruitment in the rural context, and few studies have evaluated the feasibility of using a free social media page to build a network of rural community members who may be interested in a research study. Here, we describe the rationale, process, and protocols of developing and implementing a social media approach to recruit rural residents to participate in an mHealth intervention. METHODS Informed by extensive formative research, we created a study Facebook page emphasizing community engagement in an mHealth behavioral intervention. We distributed the page to local networks and regularly posted recruitment and community messages. We collected data on the reach of the Facebook page, interaction with our messages, and initiations of our study intake survey. FINDINGS Over 21 weeks, our Facebook page gained 429 followers, and Facebook users interacted with our social media messages 3,080 times. Compared to messages that described desirable study features, messages that described community involvement resulted in higher levels of online interaction. Social media and other recruitment approaches resulted in 225 people initiating our in-take survey, 9 enrolling in our pilot study, and 26 placing their names on a waiting list. CONCLUSIONS A standalone social media page highlighting community involvement shows promise for recruiting in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Vos
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | | | - Deanna Lee Sherman
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Delaney Bonds
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Bonnie Spring
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nancy E. Schoenberg
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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15
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Kelly S, Garner J, Treadway V, Sadera G. Knowledge mobilization in critical care and the evolving communication role of nurses. Nurs Crit Care 2023; 28:913-922. [PMID: 35794068 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of appropriate communication skills within a health care setting rests upon the need for effective information sharing. When successful, this provides a supportive working environment for staff and has a positive impact on patient care and outcomes. AIMS The purpose of this study was to explore how knowledge/evidence is acquired, shared, and applied in the Critical Care (CC) environment for staff and patients/family members. STUDY DESIGN A qualitative approach was used, consisting of semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Data analysis was conducted using an iterative thematic approach. RESULTS Data collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic from United Kingdom (UK) critical care workers (N = 46), patients, and family members (N = 21) identified four communication roles performed by the nursing staff: team member; diplomat; translator and friend. CONCLUSIONS It was evident that without suitable training and support, the stresses and demands placed upon the nurses could lead to disenfranchisement and burnout. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE These findings are relevant and timely given the impact of the pandemic, highlighting the need for accessible and alternate communication strategies to support nurses by reducing stress, moral distress and increasing psychological safety. Improved communication can provide tailored information for staff and patients/family improving the CC experience for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sioban Kelly
- School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jayne Garner
- School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Victoria Treadway
- Library and Knowledge Service, Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birkenhead, UK
- NHS England, Leeds, UK
| | - Girendra Sadera
- Department of Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birkenhead, UK
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16
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Tolliver DG, Edwards JG, Venkatesh AK. Interrupting Cascades of Physical Restraint as a Path to Health Equity for Hospitalized Children. Hosp Pediatr 2023; 13:e292-e294. [PMID: 37691615 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Destiny G Tolliver
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey G Edwards
- Boston Combined Residency Program in Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arjun K Venkatesh
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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17
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Glaser KM, Dauphin C, Johnson D, Harris N, Crabtree-Ide CR, Bouchard EG. Advancing community-academic partnerships to achieve breast health equity: Applying the community-based participatory model to build capacity for sustained impact. Cancer 2023; 129:3162-3170. [PMID: 37691523 PMCID: PMC10513749 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This formative study leveraged a community-academic partnership to identify barriers to care that are potential sources of breast cancer disparities in Black women. Through this partnership and using a community-based participatory research approach, the objective was to develop a community task force to inform future interventions aimed at addressing breast cancer disparities and increasing health equity. METHODS The authors assessed gaps in care related to breast cancer in Buffalo, New York, by collecting and analyzing qualitative data from focus groups and interviews with breast cancer survivors and breast navigation groups assessing barriers and facilitators across the cancer care continuum. Then, community-based participatory research approaches were used to build a task force to develop an action plan addressing gaps in care. RESULTS The authors conducted a thematic analysis of qualitative findings to understand barriers and facilitators to cancer care. Three main domains of themes emerged, including medical mistrust, fear, and stigma; the importance of patient navigation as a form of social support; and the importance of faith and faith-based community. Finally, the findings were presented to a newly formed community task force to validate the data collected and set future priorities to address breast cancer disparities and increase breast health equity in the region. CONCLUSIONS The authors observed that health equity is a critically important issue in cancer care and that developing culturally tailored interventions has the potential to improve care delivery and reduce breast cancer disparities. Learning from and working with community members helps set the future agenda related to health equity. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Our overall goal was to assess gaps in breast cancer care in Buffalo, New York, and to use community-based participatory approaches to build a task force to work toward breast health equity. Recent and historical data indicate that the Western New York community is facing a continued wide gap in breast cancer mortality trends between Black and White patients. We collected qualitative data to understand potential sources of inequity related to breast cancer and presented findings to a community task force to set future priorities for addressing breast cancer disparities and increasing breast health equity in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Glaser
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Cassy Dauphin
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- The National Witness Project, Inc., Buffalo, New York
| | - Detric Johnson
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- The National Witness Project, Inc., Buffalo, New York
| | - Narseary Harris
- The National Witness Project, Inc., Buffalo, New York
- First Ladies of Western New York, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Elizabeth G. Bouchard
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Davies A, Gwynn J, Allman-Farinelli M, Flood V, Dickson M, Turner N, Porykali B, Lock Ngiyampaa M. Programs Addressing Food Security for First Nations Peoples: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3127. [PMID: 37513545 PMCID: PMC10384335 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to food is a right that every individual must have to ensure a standard of living that is sufficient for maintaining good health and wellbeing. This review, developed and implemented by a team of First Nations and non-First Nations peoples, aimed to scope the literature on programs addressing food security for First Nations peoples in Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand, Canada, and the United States of America. Collectively, First Nations groups share continued traumas, disadvantages, and devastation brought upon them as a result of British colonisation. Despite the impacts of colonial conquest, the resilience of First Nations peoples continues through the fight for self-determination, sovereignty, equity, and equality. Three databases and grey literature were searched from 2010. Two reviewers completed screening, data extraction, and critical appraisal. Nine food security programs were included in this review. Five were from the United States of America and four from Canada, with no program from Australia or Aotearoa/New Zealand meeting the inclusion criteria. The programs that appear to be most suitable for addressing food security for First Nations peoples were participatory in design, had community governance, integrated cultural knowledge and food systems to increase the accessibility and availability of cultural foods, incorporated educational components, and utilized collaborations among various agencies. Findings showed that while it is important to address short-term emergency food relief, the aim should be sustainable food security through a longer-term system and policy change underpinned by co-designed research and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyse Davies
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Josephine Gwynn
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Margaret Allman-Farinelli
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Victoria Flood
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- University Centre for Rural Health, Northern Rivers, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Michelle Dickson
- The Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nicole Turner
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Bobby Porykali
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Program, George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Mark Lock Ngiyampaa
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3220, Australia
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Delman J, Arntz D, Whitman A, Skiest H, Kritikos K, Alves P, Chambers V, Markley R, Martinez J, Piltch C, Whitney-Sarles S, London J, Shtasel D, Cather C. Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Conduct a Collaborative Needs Assessment of Mental Health Service Users: Identifying Research Questions and Building Academic-Community Trust. Health Promot Pract 2023:15248399231171144. [PMID: 37177791 DOI: 10.1177/15248399231171144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Attempts to meaningfully engage people with serious mental illnesses (SMI) as allies in conducting research have often failed because researchers tend to decide on the research topic without including community members. Academic researchers can avoid this pitfall by collaborating with community members to conduct a needs assessment to identify relevant research topics and build trust. Here, we report on the results of a psychosocial needs assessment for adult mental health service users in Massachusetts conducted by an academic-peer research team. The project was initiated as part of an academic mental health center's efforts to conduct community-based participatory research (CBPR) with a group of people with SMI. People with SMI were hired and trained to co-lead research projects and the development of the listening group guide, and they conducted 18 listening groups with 159 adults with mental health conditions. The data were transcribed, and rapid analysis employing qualitative and matrix classification methods was used to identify service need themes. Six themes emerged from qualitative analysis: reduce community and provider stigma, improve access to services, focus on the whole person, include peers in recovery care, have respectful and understanding clinicians, and recruit diverse staff. The policy and practice implications of these findings include creating a stronger culture of innovation within provider organizations, developing specific plans for improving recruitment and retention of peer workers and a multicultural workforce, enhancing training and supervision in cultural humility, communicating respectfully with clients, and including peers in quality improvement activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Arntz
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul Alves
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Bader B, Coenen M, Hummel J, Schoenweger P, Voss S, Jung-Sievers C. Evaluation of community-based health promotion interventions in children and adolescents in high-income countries: a scoping review on strategies and methods used. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:845. [PMID: 37165313 PMCID: PMC10170055 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, community-based interventions have been increasingly adopted in the field of health promotion and prevention. While their evaluation is relevant for health researchers, stakeholders and practitioners, conducting these evaluations is also challenging and there are no existing standards yet. The objective of this review is to scope peer-reviewed scientific publications on evaluation approaches used for community-based health promotion interventions. A special focus lies on children and adolescents' prevention. METHODS A scoping review of the scientific literature was conducted by searching three bibliographic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO). The search strategy encompassed search terms based on the PCC (Population, Concept, Context) scheme. Out of 6,402 identified hits, 44 articles were included in this review. RESULTS Out of the 44 articles eligible for this scoping review, the majority reported on studies conducted in the USA (n = 28), the UK (n = 6), Canada (n = 4) and Australia (n = 2). One study each was reported from Belgium, Denmark, Germany and Scotland, respectively. The included studies described interventions that mostly focused on obesity prevention, healthy nutrition promotion or well-being of children and adolescents. Nineteen articles included more than one evaluation design (e.g., process or outcome evaluation). Therefore, in total we identified 65 study designs within the scope of this review. Outcome evaluations often included randomized controlled trials (RCTs; 34.2%) or specific forms of RCTs (cluster RCTs; 9.8%) or quasi-experimental designs (26.8%). Process evaluation was mainly used in cohort (54.2%) and cross-sectional studies (33.3%). Only few articles used established evaluation frameworks or research concepts as a basis for the evaluation. CONCLUSION Few studies presented comprehensive evaluation study protocols or approaches with different study designs in one paper. Therefore, holistic evaluation approaches were difficult to retrieve from the classical publication formats. However, these publications would be helpful to further guide public health evaluators, contribute to methodological discussions and to inform stakeholders in research and practice to make decisions based on evaluation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Bader
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Coenen
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Hummel
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Schoenweger
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Voss
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline Jung-Sievers
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.
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Egid B, Ozano K, Hegel G, Zimmerman E, López Y, Roura M, Sheikhattari P, Jones L, Dias S, Wallerstein N. Can everyone hear me? Reflections on the use of global online workshops for promoting inclusive knowledge generation. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH : QR 2023; 23:195-216. [PMID: 37485303 PMCID: PMC10361666 DOI: 10.1177/14687941211019585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Online research methods have risen in popularity over recent decades, particularly in the wake of COVID-19. We conducted five online workshops capturing the experiences of participatory health researchers in relation to power, as part of a collaborative project to develop global knowledge systems on power in participatory health research. These workshops included predominantly academic researchers working in 24 countries across Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Here, we reflect on the opportunities, limitations, and key considerations of using online workshops for knowledge generation and shared learning. The online workshop approach offers the potential for cross-continental knowledge exchange and for the amplification of global South voices. However, this study highlights the need for deeper exploration of power dynamics exposed by online platform use, particularly the 'digital divide' between academic partners and community co-researchers. Further research is needed to better understand the role of online platforms in generating more inclusive knowledge systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Egid
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kim Ozano
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Guillermo Hegel
- Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala
| | - Emily Zimmerman
- Center on Society and Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, USA
| | - Yaimie López
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Maria Roura
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Laundette Jones
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sónia Dias
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Center, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa & Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal
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Douglas N, Hinckley J, Grandbois K, Schliep M, Wonkka A, Oshita J, Feuerstein J. How a Power Differential Between Clinicians and Researchers Contributes to the Research-to-Practice Gap. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2023; 32:803-810. [PMID: 36763851 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-22-00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to contend that there is a power differential between researchers and clinicians where researchers are the primary creators of knowledge and clinicians are the primary consumers of knowledge. Rooted in a sociological model illustrating interacting levels of power at macro-, meso-, and microlevels, we argue that authentic research-practice partnerships and clinician-researcher collaborations can mitigate this power differential. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians and researchers in our field have vastly different responsibilities and priorities that impact our ability to work collaboratively to solve the most pressing problems for the clients we serve. Although some current research practices may reinforce a power differential causing clinicians to feel less than and to only consume knowledge, there are examples of successful collaborations where this power differential is mitigated. These examples can contribute meaningfully to the dialogue on research-practice partnerships, with the goal of improving outcomes for the clients we serve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Douglas
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant
| | - Jacqueline Hinckley
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL
| | - Kate Grandbois
- Grandbois Therapy and Consulting, LLC dba SLP Nerdcast, Concord, MA
| | - Megan Schliep
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
| | - Amy Wonkka
- Grandbois Therapy and Consulting, LLC dba SLP Nerdcast, Concord, MA
| | - Jennifer Oshita
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Program, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Julie Feuerstein
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Central Florida, Orlando
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Volpe VV, Hope EC, Mosley DV, Javidi H, Sosoo EE, Benson GP. How We Get Free: Graduate Training as an Opportunity for Equitable Participation and Liberation. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2023; 18:428-444. [PMID: 36037403 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221096086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this conceptual article, we assert that psychology should be transformed to adopt the explicit goal of working toward the liberation of people oppressed by society rather than striving for mere equality. To achieve such a transformation, it is necessary to reenvision graduate training in psychology. Graduate training in psychology is an important vehicle by which psychologists can become prepared to use research and practice to eradicate inequities in society. Therefore, we propose six pillars for liberation-focused graduate training in psychology: critical unlearning/unknowing, cooperative modes of production, prioritizing indigenous knowledge, embedded interdependence, systems-level action, and prioritizing members of oppressed groups. Although this conceptualization may engender resistance, we argue that there are many potential pathways by which graduate training may use liberation psychology to work equitably with oppressed groups to seek justice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elan C Hope
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University
| | | | - Hannah Javidi
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University
| | - Effua E Sosoo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Weinstein ER, Herrera CM, Pla Serrano L, Martí Kring E, Harkness A. Promoting health equity in HIV prevention and treatment research: a practical guide to establishing, implementing, and sustaining community advisory boards. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2023; 10:20499361231151508. [PMID: 36755989 PMCID: PMC9900661 DOI: 10.1177/20499361231151508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last 25 years, community-based participatory research (CBPR) has emerged as an innovative methodological approach to break down the barriers toward health equity in biopsychosocial research. Although there are several methods one can use to conduct CBPR research, one widely used established tool that has shown to be effective for engaging community meaningfully in research is community advisory boards (CABs). CABs are formalized collaborative bodies consisting of community and research stakeholders and have been integral in engaging underserved groups experiencing HIV-related health inequities at the early stages of the AIDS crisis. Even though evidence suggests that CABs are an effective tool for conducting high-quality, rigorous, and community-centered HIV-related research, there are minimal guidelines summarizing the steps needed for developing and maintaining a CAB. Therefore, to fill this gap in the literature, this article offers a practical guide to help researchers with minimal experience, particularly graduate students and early-stage investigators, feel more comfortable with establishing a CAB for equity-focused HIV-related research. This article synthesizes already established guidelines and frameworks for CAB development while specifically outlining unique steps related to the three main stages of CAB formation - establishment, implementation, and sustainment. Throughout this article, the authors offer tension points, generated from the literature and with consultation from a CAB working alongside the authors, that researchers and community partners may need to navigate during each of these three stages. In addition, best practices from the literature are identified for each step in the guidelines so that readers can see firsthand how research groups have carried out these steps in their own practice.
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Rauh L, Manze MG, Watnick D. Collaborating With Student Parents as Participatory Researchers in a Qualitative Study. Health Promot Pract 2023; 24:133-143. [PMID: 34628964 DOI: 10.1177/15248399211046578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
When embarking on research within a community where little empirical research exists, the inclusion of a structured participant group-such as a steering committee or advisory board-can formalize the participant-research team partnership, increase community buy-in for action items, and reinforce the trustworthiness of research findings. These were among the aims of the multimethod design of the Student Parent Project, a qualitative study to determine the barriers and facilitators of academic achievement and well-being at six community colleges within a large, urban, public university system. The initial step of the study was to create a Student Advisory Board by recruiting one student parent from each of the participating campuses. The Student Advisory Board then met intermittently to review the research approach, data collection instruments, and preliminary findings at different stages. In this article, we describe the process of convening and collaborating with the advisory board and identify key areas in which their participation influenced the study design, findings, and recommendations. Based on lessons learned, we offer recommendations for the design and implementation of a participatory advisory board within qualitative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rauh
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meredith G Manze
- City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dana Watnick
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Blind M, Jacklin K, Pitawanakwat K, Ketcher D, Lambrou N, Warry W. Training Indigenous Community Researchers for Community-Based Participatory Ethnographic Dementia Research: A Second-Generation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUALITATIVE METHODS 2023; 22:10.1177/16094069231202202. [PMID: 38223457 PMCID: PMC10786000 DOI: 10.1177/16094069231202202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Conducting community-based participatory research (CBPR) is a complex endeavor, particularly when training non-academic community members. Though examples of CBPR training programs and protocols have been published, they often address a limited set of concepts and are tailored for university or medical school students. Here, we describe the process of developing an online CBPR training program for American Indian (United States) and Indigenous (Canada) community members to conduct multi-sited ethnographic dementia research. This program is unique in its breadth and depth, as our program covers CBPR theory, methods, practical research, and administrative skills. Significantly, this program centers Indigenous methodology, pedagogy, and processes such as two-eyed seeing, storywork, and decolonization approaches. Key to this training program is a "second-generation" approach which incorporates experiential knowledge from prior community-based researchers and academic partners and is designed to develop CBPR capacity among community-based researchers and partnering communities. In this paper, we detail the experience of the first cohort of learners and subsequent improvement of the training materials. Unique challenges related to the specific research focus (dementia care pathway), population/setting (American Indian and Indigenous communities), and technology (rural digital infrastructure) are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Blind
- American Indian Studies from the University of Arizona, and is a Senior Research Associate for Memory Keepers Medical Discovery Team at the University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth Campus
| | - Kristen Jacklin
- medical anthropologist and the Executive Director of Memory Keepers Medical Discovery Team at the University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth Campus
| | - Karen Pitawanakwat
- Anishinaabe Kwe from the Wikwemikong Unceded Indian Reserve, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana Ketcher
- medical anthropologist and a Senior Research Associate for Memory Keepers Medical Discovery Team at the University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth Campus
| | | | - Wayne Warry
- medical anthropologist and the Director of Rural Health Initiatives at Memory Keepers Medical Discovery Team at the University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth Campus
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Doustmohammadian A, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Hajjar M, Alibeyk S, Hajigholam-Saryazdi M. Community-based participatory interventions to improve food security: A systematic review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1028394. [PMID: 36601081 PMCID: PMC9807164 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1028394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This systematic review aimed to evaluate community-based participatory (CBP) interventions to improve food security and/or its dimensions to highlight the scope and characteristics of interventions and extract the characteristics of effective interventions. Methods The electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were searched from 1980 to 30 August 2022 for relevant studies. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cluster randomized controlled trials (cRCTs), controlled before and after studies (CBAs), non-randomized controlled trials (nRCT), and interrupted time series (ITS) studies to identify the community-based participatory interventions. The indicators of food and nutrition security into four dimensions, as well as food insecurity measured as score and/or prevalence of food insecurity based on validated perception-based measures were considered outcome. Two reviewers independently evaluated the studies for eligibility, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP). The quality of included reports was categorized as strong (when there were no weak ratings), moderate (when one factor was rated as weak), or weak (when two or more factors were rated as weak). A descriptive analysis of the findings was performed. Results A total of twelve studies were included. The quality of all eligible studies (n = 12) was rated as moderate/weak. Most CBP interventions were guided by formative research (n = 9, 75%). Two main groups for utilized strategies were identified: agricultural and nutrition strategies. Agricultural strategies included agricultural education, preparing and improving soil and seeds, promoting and supporting gardening/harvesting utilizing traditional skills based on the local culture, and agroecological practices. Nutrition strategies included store and shopping programs, farmers' markets, fresh fruit and vegetable programs, nutrition education programs for mothers, and food vouchers. The main outcomes improved in the CBP interventions were food security (n = 2) and its dimensions, including availability (n = 3), access (n = 5), and utilization (n = 2). All agroecological practices achieved statistically significant outcomes in the intended food security target(s). However, nutritional interventions were not effective for some access components such as mean adequacy ratio, fruit and vegetable intake, and nutrition environment of the stores. No studies evaluated stability outcome components of food security. Discussion CBP interventions guided by formative research data and agroecological practices were promising strategies to improve food security and its dimensions. Insufficient data on the stability components of food security and weak design studies were the considerable gaps in the research evidence reviewed. More research employing randomized experimental designs with adequate sample size and high retention rates is required. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42020189477].
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi
- Research Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi, ,
| | - Nastaran Keshavarz-Mohammadi
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Nastaran Keshavarz-Mohammadi,
| | - Melika Hajjar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Student Research Committee, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alibeyk
- Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Library, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hajigholam-Saryazdi
- Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Library, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hards A, Cameron A, Sullivan E, Kornelsen J. Actualizing community-academic partnerships in research: a case study on rural perinatal peer support. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2022; 8:73. [PMID: 36529798 PMCID: PMC9760182 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-022-00407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the field of patient and public involvement in health service research, there is a growing movement towards not only involving patients in research but engaging them as co-producers of knowledge. We explore such a co-productive research relationship in a case study on rural perinatal mental health, with the aim of collaboratively developing knowledge based on both the relevant lived experience of a community partner, and the systemic knowledge of academic researchers. METHODS Data was gathered through a community forum and subsequent interviews with social service program administrators from rural British Columbia, Canada. Interviews were analyzed separately by the community partner and academic researchers using principles of thematic analysis. Both the community partner and academic researchers were involved from project genesis to data collection, analysis, interpretation, and manuscript writing. RESULTS Common themes identified by the academic and community researchers included needs for peer support, barriers to peer support, and gaps in mental health care. Divergently, the academic researcher focused on systems-level challenges while the community partner emphasized the impact of power dynamics within health systems. Researchers generated five methodological values propositions from the process of co-production, including (a) mutual respect for all viewpoints, (b) a rejection of assumed hierarchy, (c) commitments to truth speaking, (d) attention to process, and (e) equivalence of contribution. CONCLUSIONS Co-production highlights the value of lived experience in health research, sets it in conversation with scientific inquiry, and moves away from hierarchies of assumed knowledge often embedded in traditional health care research. Incorporating both academic researcher and community partner writing into our paper reflects a commitment to maintaining the integrity and authenticity of lived experience, an affirmation of its equal validity as a source of knowledge, and a rejection of qualifying patient voices. The exploration of this co-production research relationship lays groundwork for future research teams considering collaborative methodology. We suggest co-productive research as a means of addressing the epistemic injustice that arises in health care research from the privileging of certain forms of knowledge, and the exclusion of others, namely that derived from patient experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Audrey Cameron
- Centre for Rural Health Research, Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, 3rd Floor David Strangway Building, 5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Eva Sullivan
- Centre for Rural Health Research, Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, 3rd Floor David Strangway Building, 5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Jude Kornelsen
- Centre for Rural Health Research, Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, 3rd Floor David Strangway Building, 5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada.
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Musoke D, Raven J, Basnet S, Idriss A, Phiri B, Ssemugabo C, Tsey IH, Ozano K. Using photovoice to inform and support health systems to reach marginalised populations: experiences from six low- and middle-income countries. Glob Public Health 2022; 17:3912-3930. [PMID: 35770692 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2022.2092179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photovoice methodology centralises the voices of marginalised populations within health systems using photography and critical dialogue to record, reflect and communicate community health issues. This paper presents findings from applying photovoice to explore and document the lived experiences of groups of marginalised populations in six low- and middle-income countries: Cambodia, Ghana, Nepal, Sierra Leone, Uganda and Zambia. The strengths of using photovoice included: creating safe spaces for communication; community solidarity and stakeholder engagement; community ownership of actions and advocacy; developing new soft skills and confidence; capturing hidden community challenges; and taking collective action. Suggestions for use in future photovoice studies include: providing space for the exploration of contextual factors before implementation; developing a capacity strengthening plan to ensure participants have the competencies required to effectively take part in research and dissemination; considering the use of non-visual methods alongside photovoice when needed; and having in place partnership structures between researchers and participants that facilitate power sharing, agency, empowerment and joint decision making. Lastly, we present recommendations that have the potential to strengthen the value and use of photovoice as more than a participatory method but also a vehicle for individual, relational and health systems improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Musoke
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joanna Raven
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sapana Basnet
- Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ayesha Idriss
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Bevis Phiri
- Clinton Health Access Initiative - HIV Programme (Research), Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Charles Ssemugabo
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Irene Honam Tsey
- Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Kim Ozano
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Jones M, Hoague D, Spriggs R, Catalan E, Adams N, Watkins T, Tripati A, Norris KC. Establishing a Framework for Sustainable Community Action Research. Ethn Dis 2022; 32:333-340. [PMID: 36388858 PMCID: PMC9590601 DOI: 10.18865/ed.32.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Community-based participatory research/community-partnered participatory research (CBPR/CPRR) is viewed as a critical approach for improving health and addressing inequities found in under-resourced communities by pairing community partners and academic partners to address health and environmental concerns. This article aims to amplify the potential of the current CBPR/CPPR models through insights learned from the underserved community of Watts in south central Los Angeles. We discuss our framework that shifts the primary academic focus in the community-academia partnership from individual investigators and/or research groups to the academic institution to generate sustainable partnerships. We summarize the Community Action Research Engagement (CARE) Framework as a new set of recommended tenets to expand CBPR/CPPR. This framework can provide guidance for how universities can catalyze: 1) building trust; 2) facilitating knowledge; 3) advancing solutions; and 4) fostering mentorship in the context of leveraging a university's position to address the root causes of community inequities and thus create more sustained partnerships that achieve greater impact within their surrounding communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Jones
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Address correspondence to Malcom Jones, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA;
| | - Danielle Hoague
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Raenita Spriggs
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Elijah Catalan
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Naomi Adams
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Timothy Watkins
- Watts Labor Community Action Committee, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Aradhna Tripati
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Keith C. Norris
- Division of General Internal Medicine-Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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Jung H, Sunderrajan A, Durantini M, Sanchez E, Windsor L, Chan S, O’Brien T, Farkhad BF, Karan A, Lee CA, Kwon S, Albarracín D. Testing a digitally distributed method to recruit a network of community organizations to fight the consequences of the drug epidemic: A study in 13 American states. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:3455-3469. [PMID: 35344609 PMCID: PMC9464661 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate the opioid epidemic, a concerted effort to educate, prevent, diagnose, treat, and engage residents is required. In this study, a digitally distributed method to form a large network of organizations was tested with 99 counties in regions with high vulnerability to hepatitis C virus (HCV). The method involved a cascade of contacts going from email to phone calls, to videoconferencing and measuring the number of contacts required, amount of time taken, and the proportion of success at recruiting at least one community organization per county. A recruitment period of 5 months and 2118 contact attempts led to the recruitment of organizations from 73 out of our 99 target counties. Organizations belonging to health departments required more attempts and time to recruit but ultimately enrolled at higher rates than did other organizations such as coalitions and agencies. Organizations from counties more (vs. less) vulnerable to HCV outbreaks required more attempts to recruit and, using multiple recruitment methods (e.g., emails, phone calls, and Zoom meetings), improved enrollment success. Overall, this method proved to be successful at remotely engaging a large-scale network of communities with different levels of risk within a large geographic region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alex Karan
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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Chak CM, Carminati L. Effective leaders(hip) in community-academic health partnership projects: An inductive, qualitative study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:941242. [PMID: 36033818 PMCID: PMC9411517 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.941242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To deepen our understanding of how project leaders can lead effectively in different community-academic health partnerships (CAHPs), we conducted an inductive, qualitative study through semi-structured interviews (N = 32) and analyzed the data with Grounded Theory approaches. By presenting a process model illustrating the cycle of effective leaders(hip) in CAHP projects, we contribute to the literature on CAHP, leadership development, and complexity leadership theory in three ways. Firstly, the model depicts the strategies enabling leaders to navigate typical project challenges and perform leadership tasks effectively. Secondly, we distill four beneficial qualities (i.e., adopting a proactive attitude, having an open and adaptive mindset, relying on peer learning and support, and emphasizing self-growth and reflexivity) which CAHP project leaders require to develop themselves into effective leaders. Thirdly, we illustrate leaders' dynamic developmental logics and processes of effective leadership and their contributions to better project functioning in diverse CAHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choiwai Maggie Chak
- Science-to-Business Marketing Research Centre, FH Münster University of Applied Sciences, Münster, Germany,Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Choiwai Maggie Chak
| | - Lara Carminati
- Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
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Including formal and informal caregivers in the development of Play Intervention for Dementia: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:591. [PMID: 35850707 PMCID: PMC9290273 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Play Intervention for Dementia is a practice initiative using play to help people living with dementia (PWD) experience engagements, autonomy, and cognitive stimulation. This program was developed under a participatory paradigm, with extensive contribution from formal and informal caregivers. This article describes how caregivers contributed to the practice principles, materials, and assessment during the development phase of Play Intervention for Dementia through community-based participatory research (CBPR). Methods Three service supervisors, 16 formal caregivers and 14 informal caregivers from the community participated in this study. Based on CBPR, the study progressed in a reflexive, iterative and collaborative way. Data were collected from diverse sources, including practice journals, observation notes and reflexive focus group interviews. Two trained qualitative researchers conducted thematic analysis on the data collected, with focus on practical skills, outcomes, and caregivers’ general experience during the intervention. Results The therapeutic and liberating power of play was thoroughly discussed by the caregivers. They considered play as an innovative way to understand, engage, and connect with the PWD. Also, improvement in energy level, motivation and communicative capacity was observed among the PWD. The researcher and caregivers collaboratively refined and designed the protocol of Play Intervention for Dementia, adding localized principles and games to the original design. Conclusion Caregivers found play to be a meaningful way to engage with PWD, as it provided an equal platform for them. The intervention also enabled them to reflect upon ageing and disease at a deeper level. Caregivers have contributed significantly to the refinement and contextualisation of the intervention. The efficiency of the refined program should be further tested on a larger scale.
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Abayneh S, Lempp H, Kohrt BA, Alem A, Hanlon C. Using participatory action research to pilot a model of service user and caregiver involvement in mental health system strengthening in Ethiopian primary healthcare: a case study. Int J Ment Health Syst 2022; 16:33. [PMID: 35818056 PMCID: PMC9275138 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-022-00545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about actual involvement or how to achieve service user and caregiver in mental health systems strengthening in low-and middle-income countries. This study describes the processes and explores involvement experiences of participants in a pilot study of a new model of service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a rural district in southern Ethiopia. Methods We applied a case study design using participatory action research (PAR). The PAR process comprised of three stages, each with iterative activities of plan, act, observe and reflect. Two stakeholder groups, a Research Advisory Group (RAG) and Research Participant Group (RPG), were established and collaborated in the PAR process. Data collection involved process documentation of meetings and activities: attendances, workshop minutes, discussion outputs, reflective notes, participatory observation of sessions, and in-depth interviews with 12 RPG members. We analyzed the process data descriptively. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Triangulation and synthesis of findings was carried out to develop the case study. Results The stakeholder groups identified their top research priorities, developed an intervention and action plan and made a public presentation of preliminary findings. Key mechanisms used for inclusive participation included capacity building and bringing together diverse stakeholders, anchoring the study in established strong community involvement structures, and making use of participatory strategies and activities during the PAR process. Four themes were developed about experiences of involvement in PAR: (i) expectations and motivation, (ii) experiences of the dynamics of the PAR process, (iii) perceived impacts of involvement in the PAR process, and (iv) implementation challenges and future directions. Conclusions This case study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a complex model of service-user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a resource constrained setting. More needs to be done to embed service-user involvement into routines of the primary healthcare system, alongside sustained support and strengthening multi-stakeholder collaboration at multiple levels. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13033-022-00545-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisay Abayneh
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Addis Ababa University, WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health Research and Capacity Building, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. .,Madda Walabu University College of Education and Behavoural Studies, Bale Robe, Ethiopia.
| | - Heidi Lempp
- Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Weston Education Centre, King's College London, 10, Cutcombe Rd, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Brandon A Kohrt
- Department of Psychiatry, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Atalay Alem
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Addis Ababa University, WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health Research and Capacity Building, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Charlotte Hanlon
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Addis Ababa University, WHO Collaborating Centre in Mental Health Research and Capacity Building, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.,Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Tittlemier BJ, Cooper J, Steliga D, Woodgate RL, Sibley KM. A scoping review to identify and describe the characteristics of theories, models and frameworks of health research partnerships. Health Res Policy Syst 2022; 20:69. [PMID: 35717196 PMCID: PMC9206347 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00877-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Engaging users of health research, namely knowledge users, as partners in the research process may to lead to evidence that is more relevant to the users. This may optimize the uptake of evidence in healthcare practice, resulting in improved health outcomes or more efficient healthcare systems. However, barriers to involving knowledge users in the research process exist. Theories, models and frameworks may help guide the process of involving knowledge users and address barriers to engaging with knowledge users in research; however, there is little evidence identifying or describing the theories, models and frameworks of health research partnerships. Objectives Identify and describe theories, models and frameworks of health research partnerships. Report on concepts of knowledge user engagement represented in identified theories, models and frameworks. Methods We conducted a scoping review. Database (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PCORI) and ancestry and snowball searches were utilized. Included articles were written in English, published between January 2005 and June 2021, specific to health, a research partnership, and referred to a theory, model or framework. No critical appraisal was conducted. We developed a coding framework to extract details related to the publication (e.g. country, year) and theory, model or framework (e.g. intended users, theoretical underpinning, methodology, methods of development, purpose, concepts of knowledge user engagement). One reviewer conducted data extraction. Descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis were utilized to report the results. Results We identified 21 874 articles in screening. Thirty-nine models or frameworks were included in data analysis, but no theory. Two models or frameworks (5%) were underpinned by theory. Literature review was the method (n = 11, 28%) most frequently used to develop a model or framework. Guiding or managing a partnership was the most frequently reported purpose of the model/framework (n = 14, 36%). The most represented concept of knowledge user engagement was principles/values (n = 36, 92%). Conclusions The models and frameworks identified could be utilized by researchers and knowledge users to inform aspects of a health research partnership, such as guidance or implementation of a partnership. Future research evaluating the quality and applicability of the models and frameworks is necessary to help partners decide which model or framework to implement. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12961-022-00877-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Tittlemier
- Applied Health Sciences Program, University of Manitoba, 202 Active Living Centre, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - J Cooper
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, R106- 771 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - D Steliga
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, S113- 750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada
| | - R L Woodgate
- Tier 1 Canadian Institutes of Health Research Canada Research Chair, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Manitoba, 89 Curry Place, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - K M Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada
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Huber C, Montreuil C, Christie D, Forbes A. Integrating Self-Management Education and Support in Routine Care of People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Conceptional Model Based on Critical Interpretive Synthesis and A Consensus-Building Participatory Consultation. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2022; 3:845547. [PMID: 36992783 PMCID: PMC10012123 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2022.845547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The integration of self-management education and support into the routine diabetes care is essential in preventing complications. Currently, however, there is no consensus on how to conceptualise integration in relation to self-management education and support. Therefore, this synthesis presents a framework conceptualising integration and self-management.MethodsSeven electronic databases (Medline, HMIC, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesised using principles of critical interpretive synthesis to build the conceptual framework. The framework was presented to 49 diabetes specialist nurses working at different levels of care during a multilingual workshop.ResultsA conceptual framework is proposed in which integration is influenced by five interacting components: the programme ethos of the diabetes self-management education and support intervention (content and delivery), care system organisation (the framework in which such interventions are delivered), adapting to context (the aspects of the people receiving and delivering the interventions), interpersonal relationship (the interactions between the deliverer and receiver of the intervention), and shared learning (what deliverer and receiver gain from the interactions). The critical inputs from the workshop participants related to the different priorities given to the components according to their sociolinguistic and educational experiences, Overall, they agreed with the conceptualisation of the components and their content specific to diabetes self-management education and support.DiscussionIntegration was conceptualised in terms of the relational, ethical, learning, contextual adapting, and systemic organisational aspects of the intervention. It remains uncertain which prioritised interactions of components and to what extent these may moderate the integration of self-management education and support into routine care; in turn, the level of integration observed in each of the components may moderate the impact of these interventions, which may also apply to the impact of the professional training.ConclusionThis synthesis provides a theoretical framework that conceptualises integration in the context of diabetes self-management education and support in routine care. More research is required to evaluate how the components identified in the framework can be addressed in clinical practice to assess whether improvements in self-management education and support can be effectively realised in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Huber
- HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Science Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King’s College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Claudia Huber,
| | - Chantal Montreuil
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Derek Christie
- HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Science Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Angus Forbes
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King’s College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, London, United Kingdom
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Effects of Team-Based Learning on Students’ Teamwork, Learning Attitude, and Health Care Competence for Older People in the Community to Achieve SDG-3. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116632. [PMID: 35682217 PMCID: PMC9180350 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Team-based learning (TBL) was studied in several preclinical settings, but evidence for its effectiveness in community nursing education is scant. A community health care nursing course was developed, and nursing students engaged in TBL to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of TBL model integration on students’ learning attitude, community understanding, and community care competence for achieving SDG 3 and determine the extent to which the TBL model altered students’ nursing competence for providing community health care. We compared the effect of TBL and traditional learning (TL) in terms of community health care knowledge objectives. Methods: TBL was employed as the teaching strategy to guide students’ discussion of community care issues, allowing them to fully utilize the knowledge acquired in their community practice. We used an unblinded crossover design, and 99 students participated in the community health nursing course. Results: The results demonstrated that TBL improved participants’ community understanding and enhanced their skills for assessing and fulfilling community needs. The experimental and control groups differed significantly in their TBL performance, learning attitude, and nursing competencies. The performance of those who engaged in TBL was higher than that of those who engaged in TL on all community issues. TBL appears to be a more effective method than TL in terms of achieving nursing students’ knowledge objectives. Conclusions: Regarding practical application, the proposed intervention enables nursing students to acquire professional knowledge related to community aging health care and nursing skills, and establish partnerships with community residents. This facilitates the achievement of the United Nations’ sustainable development goal of ensuring healthy living and promoting well-being at all ages.
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Duea SR, Zimmerman EB, Vaughn LM, Dias S, Harris J. A Guide to Selecting Participatory Research Methods Based on Project and Partnership Goals. JOURNAL OF PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH METHODS 2022; 3. [PMID: 35799626 PMCID: PMC9258244 DOI: 10.35844/001c.32605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Participatory research engages community stakeholders in the research process, from problem identification and developing the research question, to dissemination of results. There is increasing recognition in the field of health research that community-engaged methods can be used throughout the research process. The volume of guidance for engaging communities and conducting participatory research has grown steadily in the past 40+ years, in many countries and contexts. Further, some institutions now require stakeholder engagement in research as a condition of funding. Interest in collaborating in the research process is also growing among patients and the public. This article provides an overview for selecting participatory research methods based on project and partnerships goals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa M. Vaughn
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/University of Cincinnati
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Oetzel JG, Boursaw B, Magarati M, Dickson E, Sanchez-Youngman S, Morales L, Kastelic S, Eder MM, Wallerstein N. Exploring theoretical mechanisms of community-engaged research: a multilevel cross-sectional national study of structural and relational practices in community-academic partnerships. Int J Equity Health 2022; 21:59. [PMID: 35501798 PMCID: PMC9063068 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-022-01663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) is often used to address health inequities due to structural racism. However, much of the existing literature emphasizes relationships and synergy rather than structural components of CBPR. This study introduces and tests new theoretical mechanisms of the CBPR Conceptual Model to address this limitation. Methods Three-stage online cross-sectional survey administered from 2016 to 2018 with 165 community-engaged research projects identified through federal databases or training grants. Participants (N = 453) were principal investigators and project team members (both academic and community partners) who provided project-level details and perceived contexts, processes, and outcomes. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparison analysis. Results Commitment to Collective Empowerment was a key mediating variable between context and intervention activities. Synergy and Community Engagement in Research Actions were mediating variables between context/partnership process and outcomes. Collective Empowerment was most strongly aligned with Synergy, while higher levels of Structural Governance and lower levels of Relationships were most consistent with higher Community Engagement in Research Actions. Conclusions The CBPR Conceptual Model identifies key theoretical mechanisms for explaining health equity and health outcomes in community-academic partnerships. The scholarly literature’s preoccupation with synergy and relationships overlooks two promising practices—Structural Governance and Collective Empowerment—that interact from contexts through mechanisms to influence outcomes. These results also expand expectations beyond a “one size fits all” for reliably producing positive outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12939-022-01663-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Oetzel
- University of Waikato, Waikato Management School, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | - Blake Boursaw
- University of New Mexico, College of Nursing, Albuquerque, USA
| | - Maya Magarati
- Department of Psychiatric and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seven Directions: A Center for Indigneous Public Health, Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | | | | | - Leo Morales
- University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - Sarah Kastelic
- National Indian Child Welfare Association, Portland, USA
| | - Milton Mickey Eder
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Nina Wallerstein
- University of New Mexico, Center for Participatory Research, Albuquerque, USA
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Community-based, cluster-randomized pilot trial of a cardiovascular mHealth intervention: Rationale, design, and baseline findings of the FAITH! Trial. Am Heart J 2022; 247:1-14. [PMID: 35065922 PMCID: PMC9037298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to whites, African-Americans have lower prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) based on the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 (LS7). These CVH inequities have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ideal LS7 health-promoting behaviors and biological risk factors (eg, diet, blood pressure) are associated with improved CVH outcomes. The FAITH! (Fostering African-American Improvement in Total Health) App, a community-informed, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, previously demonstrated significant improvements in LS7 components among African-Americans, suggesting that mHealth interventions may be effective in improving CVH. This paper presents the FAITH! Trial design, baseline findings, and pandemic-related lessons learned. METHODS Utilizing a community-based participatory research approach, this study assessed the feasibility/preliminary efficacy of a refined FAITH! App for promoting LS7 among African-Americans in faith communities using a cluster, randomized controlled trial. Participants received the FAITH! App (immediate intervention) or were assigned to a delayed intervention comparator group. Baseline data were collected via electronic surveys and health assessments. Primary outcomes are change in LS7 score from baseline to 6-months post-intervention and app engagement/usability. RESULTS Of 85 enrolled individuals, 76 completed baseline surveys/health assessments, for a participation rate of 89% (N = 34 randomized to the immediate intervention, N = 42 to delayed intervention). At baseline, participants were predominantly female (54/76, 71%), employed (56/76, 78%) and of high cardiometabolic risk (72/76, 95% with hypertension and/or overweight/obesity) with mean LS7 scores in the poor range (6.8, SD = 1.9). CONCLUSIONS The FAITH! Trial recruitment was feasible, and its results may inform the use of mHealth tools to increase ideal CVH among African-Americans.
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McDougal L, Erikat J, Yusufi H, Sahid R, Streuli S, Fielding-Miller R. Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on refugee communities in San Diego, California: A participatory action research cross-sectional study. SSM Popul Health 2022; 18:101110. [PMID: 35531469 PMCID: PMC9054704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Elk R, Patel RV, Gazaway S, Malhotra S. Response to Jones et al., Top Ten Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Delivering Antiracist Care to Black Americans (DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2021.0502). J Palliat Med 2022; 25:535-536. [PMID: 35363073 PMCID: PMC8982103 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2021.0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Elk
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rushil V. Patel
- Department of Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
- Address correspondence to: Rushil V. Patel, MD, Department of Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Shena Gazaway
- Department of Family, Community, and Health Systems, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sonia Malhotra
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane School of Medicine/University Medical Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Watson KS, Cohn EG, Fair A, Menon U, Szalacha LA, Carpenter SM, Wilkins CH. Adapting a conceptual framework to engage diverse stakeholders in genomic/precision medicine research. Health Expect 2022; 25:1478-1485. [PMID: 35353945 PMCID: PMC9327871 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genomic/precision medicine offers a remarkable opportunity to improve health and address health disparities. Genomic medicine is the study of genes and their interaction with health. Precision medicine is an approach to disease prevention and treatment that considers individual variability in genes, environment and lifestyle. Conclusions from studies lacking diversity may hinder generalizability as genomic variation occurs within and between populations. Historical factors, such as medical mistrust, ethical issues related to decision making, and data sharing pose complex challenges that may further widen inequities in genomic/precision medicine if not appropriately addressed. Although few biomedical studies integrate priorities of community partners into their conceptual framework, effective implementation of genomic/precision medicine research calls for the involvement of diverse stakeholders to expand traditional unidirectional models of engagement in clinical research towards authentic bidirectional collaboration. Methods A multipronged approach was used integrating an evidence‐based literature review and best practices in developing and evaluating the engagement of diverse stakeholders in genomic and precision medicine research. This was combined with expert consensus building to adapt a conceptual model from a community engagement framework to addressing genomics to be scalable to engagement science, which is challenging to genomic/precision medicine research. Results The final enhanced conceptual framework is composed of four overarching dimensions now inclusive of domains in trust, exploitation, discrimination, privacy risk, stigmatization, prior harms/injustices, failure to recognize coexisting governments, intersectionality and research transformation. This conceptual framework proposes effective participant research engagement strategies for upstream relationship building, distinct from downstream recruitment strategies in which the goal is enrolment. Conclusion To further shape the evolution of genomic/precision medicine research, it is important to leverage existing partnerships, engage participants beyond recruitment and embrace diverse perspectives. Patient or Public Contribution In preparation of this manuscript, the perspectives of the community partners on the impact of engaging in genomic/precision medicine research beyond research participation were integrated into this conceptual framework from various guided listening sessions held in diverse communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karriem S Watson
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Cohn
- Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, Hunter College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alecia Fair
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the Meharry-Vanderbilt Alliance, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Usha Menon
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Laura A Szalacha
- Morsani Health College of Medicine and College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Selena M Carpenter
- Office of Health Equity, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Consuelo H Wilkins
- Office of Health Equity, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Re-orienting Transdisciplinary Research and Community-Based Participatory Research for Health Equity. J Clin Transl Sci 2022; 6:e22. [PMID: 35321219 PMCID: PMC8922293 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2022.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ko LK, Tingey L, Ramirez M, Pablo E, Grass R, Larzelere F, Cisneros O, Chu HY, D’Agostino EM. Mobilizing Established School Partnerships to Reach Underserved Children During a Global Pandemic. Pediatrics 2022; 149:e2021054268F. [PMID: 34737178 PMCID: PMC9153654 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-054268f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to drastic public health measures, including school closures to slow the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Reopening educational settings by using diagnostic testing approaches in schools can help accelerate the safe return of students and staff to on-site learning by quickly and accurately identifying cases, limiting the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and ultimately preventing unnecessary school and work absenteeism. Although the National Institutes of Health has identified community partnerships as the foundation for reducing health disparities, we found limited application of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach in school engagement. Guided by the CBPR conceptual model, we provide case studies of 2 established and long-standing school-academic partnerships built on CBPR processes and practices that have served as a research infrastructure to reach underserved children and families during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The process described in this article can serve as an initial platform to continue to build capacity toward increasing health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K. Ko
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lauren Tingey
- Center for American Indian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Magaly Ramirez
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elliott Pablo
- Center for American Indian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Whiteriver, Arizona
| | - Ryan Grass
- Center for American Indian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Whiteriver, Arizona
| | - Francene Larzelere
- Center for American Indian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Whiteriver, Arizona
| | | | - Helen Y. Chu
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Emily M. D’Agostino
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Daniel NA, Hassan SA, Mohamed F, Sheikh N, Basualdo G, Schwartz R, Gebreselassie BT, Beyene YK, Gabreselassie L, Bayru K, Tadesse B, Libneh HA, Shidane M, Benalfew S, Ali A, Rao D, Kerani RP, Patel RC. Harambee! 2.0: The Impact of HIV-Related and Intersectional Stigmas on HIV Testing Behaviors Among African Immigrant Communities in Seattle, Washington. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:149-164. [PMID: 34368910 PMCID: PMC8349708 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
African immigrants are disproportionately affected by HIV compared to U.S.-born individuals, and early HIV testing is the key challenge in ending the HIV epidemic in these communities. HIV-related stigma appears to be the most significant barrier to testing for HIV among African communities in King County, WA. In this formative study, we conducted thirty key informant interviews and five focus group discussions (n = total 72 participants) with Ethiopian, Somali, and Eritrean people living with HIV, health professionals, religious and other community leaders, and lay community members in King County to better understand HIV-related and intersectional stigmas' impact on HIV testing behaviors. We used inductive coding and thematic analysis. Participants from all communities reported similar themes for HIV-related and intersectional stigmas' influences on HIV testing behaviors. Misconceptions or poor messaging, e.g., regarding treatability of HIV, as well as normative or religious/moral beliefs around pre/extramarital sex contributed to HIV-related stigma. Intersecting identities such as immigrant status, race/ethnicity, and having a non-English language preference, all intermingle to further influence access to the U.S. healthcare system, including for HIV testing. These findings can be used to inform future research on community-led approaches to addressing early HIV testing amongst African immigrant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shukri A Hassan
- Department of Medicine, UW, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Farah Mohamed
- Department of Medicine, UW, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Somali Health Board, Tukwila, WA, USA
| | - Najma Sheikh
- Department of Global Health, UW, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Rahel Schwartz
- Ethiopian Community in Seattle, Seattle, WA, USA
- Ethiopian Health Board, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahmed Ali
- Somali Health Board, Tukwila, WA, USA
- Department of Global Health, UW, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deepa Rao
- Department of Global Health, UW, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roxanne P Kerani
- Department of Medicine, UW, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Rena C Patel
- Department of Medicine, UW, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
- Department of Global Health, UW, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Lane A, Gavins A, Watson A, Domitrovich CE, Oruh CM, Morris C, Boogaard C, Sherwood C, Sharp DN, Charlot-Swilley D, Coates EE, Mathis E, Avent G, Robertson H, Le HN, Williams JC, Hawkins J, Patterson J, Ouyang JX, Hartz KA, Beers LS, Cole L, Biel MG, Bodrick NI, Bravo N, Baylor RS, Arbit R, Zuskov SF, Hoffman SB, McPherson SKL, Singh S, Greer SE, Banks-Mackey SN, Caleb S, Thomas S, Brent T, Spencer T. Advancing Antiracism in Community-Based Research Practices in Early Childhood and Family Mental Health. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 61:15-22. [PMID: 34303784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Structural racism-the ways that institutional policies, practices, and other norms operate to create and sustain race-based inequities1-has historically been foundational to the operations of academic medical centers and research institutions. Since its inception, academic medicine has depended on the exploitation of vulnerable communities to achieve medical, educational, and research goals.2 Research practices have long ignored or taken advantage of the individuals purportedly benefiting from the research, a dynamic most manifestly true for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities in the United States. Reflecting current practices in racial justice work, we intentionally use the term "BIPOC" to highlight shared experiences within racially and ethnically minoritized communities, given the history of White supremacy in the United States. We acknowledge limitations of this term, which collapses myriad unique communities and histories into one construct. Specifically, child and adolescent psychiatry has historically been driven by Eurocentric approaches, paradigms, and methodology. These nonparticipatory dominant research practices have contributed to a lack of culturally responsive interventions for BIPOC communities, a paucity of evidence-based practices with demonstrated effectiveness within BIPOC communities, and disparities in access and quality of care.3 Mental health research involving BIPOC communities has been replete with exploitation and inequality.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambrose Lane
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Health Alliance Network, Washington, DC
| | - Arrealia Gavins
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Ar'Reon Watson
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Celene E Domitrovich
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC; Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development, Washington, DC
| | | | - Christina Morris
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development, Washington, DC
| | - Claire Boogaard
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Claudine Sherwood
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Far Southeast Family Strengthening Collaborative, Washington, DC
| | - Destiny N Sharp
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; SPACES in Action, Washington, DC
| | - Dominique Charlot-Swilley
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Erica E Coates
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Erin Mathis
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Gail Avent
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Total Family Care Coalition, Washington, DC
| | - Hillary Robertson
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC; Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development, Washington, DC
| | - Huynh-Nhu Le
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - J Corey Williams
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Janaíre Hawkins
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Jenise Patterson
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Parent Watch DC, Washington, DC
| | - Jessica X Ouyang
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Karyn A Hartz
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Lee S Beers
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Linwood Cole
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Educare DC, Washington, DC
| | - Matthew G Biel
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.
| | - Nia Imani Bodrick
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Noel Bravo
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development, Washington, DC
| | - Randall S Baylor
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Ruthie Arbit
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Sabrina F Zuskov
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development, Washington, DC
| | - Sarah B Hoffman
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | - Sharon Singh
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Sharra E Greer
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's Law Center, Washington, DC
| | - Simone N Banks-Mackey
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Far Southeast Family Strengthening Collaborative, Washington, DC
| | - Susan Caleb
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Stephanie Thomas
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Far Southeast Family Strengthening Collaborative, Washington, DC
| | - Torrian Brent
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Educare DC, Washington, DC
| | - Travis Spencer
- Early Childhood Innovation Network, Washington, DC; Institute for African American Mindfulness, Washington, DC
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48
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Ko LK, Scarinci IC, Bouchard EG, Drake BF, Rodriguez EM, Chen MS, Kepka D, Kruse-Diehr AJ, Befort C, Shannon J, Farris PE, Trentham-Dietz A, Onega T. OUP accepted manuscript. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2022; 6:6529549. [PMID: 35603844 PMCID: PMC8997116 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural populations continue to experience persistent cancer disparities compared with urban populations particularly in cancers that can be prevented or detected early through screening and vaccination. Although the National Cancer Institute and the larger cancer research community have identified rural community partnerships as the foundation for reducing the disparities, we have identified limited application of community-based participatory research in cancer prevention and control research. Guided by the Community-Based Participatory Research Conceptual Model and our collective experience, we provide a framework for a community–cancer center partnership that focuses on promoting health equity. In this commentary, we articulate that the partnership process must foster capacity for communities and cancer centers, strive for rural representation in clinical trials and biobanking, build a pipeline for dissemination and implementation research, and create a bidirectional flow of knowledge between communities and academic institutions. Authentic partnerships with rural communities should be the ultimate goal of cancer centers, and the process described in this commentary can serve as an initial platform to build capacity and continue to strive toward that goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Ko
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Hans Rosling Center for Population Health, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Correspondence to: Linda K. Ko, PhD, Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Hans Rosling Center for Population Health, 3980 15th Ave NE, UW Mailbox 351621, Seattle, WA 98195, USA (e-mail: )
| | - Isabel C Scarinci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Bouchard
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Bettina F Drake
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elisa M Rodriguez
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Moon S Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, UC Davis and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deanna Kepka
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Aaron J Kruse-Diehr
- Markey Cancer Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Christie Befort
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Cancer Prevention and Control, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jackilen Shannon
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Paige E Farris
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amy Trentham-Dietz
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Tracy Onega
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Egid BR, Roura M, Aktar B, Amegee Quach J, Chumo I, Dias S, Hegel G, Jones L, Karuga R, Lar L, López Y, Pandya A, Norton TC, Sheikhattari P, Tancred T, Wallerstein N, Zimmerman E, Ozano K. 'You want to deal with power while riding on power': global perspectives on power in participatory health research and co-production approaches. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:e006978. [PMID: 34764147 PMCID: PMC8587355 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Power relations permeate research partnerships and compromise the ability of participatory research approaches to bring about transformational and sustainable change. This study aimed to explore how participatory health researchers engaged in co-production research perceive and experience 'power', and how it is discussed and addressed within the context of research partnerships. METHODS Five online workshops were carried out with participatory health researchers working in different global contexts. Transcripts of the workshops were analysed thematically against the 'Social Ecology of Power' framework and mapped at the micro (individual), meso (interpersonal) or macro (structural) level. RESULTS A total of 59 participants, with participatory experience in 24 different countries, attended the workshops. At the micro level, key findings included the rarity of explicit discussions on the meaning and impact of power, the use of reflexivity for examining assumptions and power differentials, and the perceived importance of strengthening co-researcher capacity to shift power. At the meso level, participants emphasised the need to manage co-researcher expectations, create spaces for trusted dialogue, and consider the potential risks faced by empowered community partners. Participants were divided over whether gatekeeper engagement aided the research process or acted to exclude marginalised groups from participating. At the macro level, colonial and 'traditional' research legacies were acknowledged to have generated and maintained power inequities within research partnerships. CONCLUSIONS The 'Social Ecology of Power' framework is a useful tool for engaging with power inequities that cut across the social ecology, highlighting how they can operate at the micro, meso and macro level. This study reiterates that power is pervasive, and that while many researchers are intentional about engaging with power, actions and available tools must be used more systematically to identify and address power imbalances in participatory research partnerships, in order to contribute to improved equity and social justice outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice R Egid
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - María Roura
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Bachera Aktar
- James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jessica Amegee Quach
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ivy Chumo
- Urbanisation and Wellbeing Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sónia Dias
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa and Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Guillermo Hegel
- INCAP Research Center for Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Laundette Jones
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robinson Karuga
- Department of Research and Strategic Information, LVCT Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Luret Lar
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Yaimie López
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Apurvakumar Pandya
- Parul Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Payam Sheikhattari
- School of Community Health and Policy, Prevention Sciences Research Center, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tara Tancred
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nina Wallerstein
- Center for Participatory Research, College of Population Health, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Emily Zimmerman
- Center on Society and Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kim Ozano
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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50
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Wilfred SA, Becker CB, Kanzler KE, Musi N, Espinoza SE, Kilpela LS. Binge eating among older women: prevalence rates and health correlates across three independent samples. J Eat Disord 2021; 9:132. [PMID: 34666821 PMCID: PMC8524882 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-021-00484-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging research indicates that binge eating (BE; consuming unusually large amounts of food in one siting while feeling a loss of control) is prevalent among older women. Yet, health correlates of BE in older adult populations are poorly understood. The original study aimed to investigate BE prevalence, frequency, and health correlates in a sample of older adult women. Based on results from this first study, we then sought to replicate findings in two additional samples of older adult women from separate studies. METHOD Using self-reported frequencies of BE from three separate samples of older women with very different demographics, we compared BE prevalence, frequency, and health correlates among older women. Study 1 (N = 185) includes data collected online (86% White; 59% overweight/obese status). Study 2 (N = 64) was conducted in person at a local food pantry (65% Hispanic; 47% household income < $10,000/year). Study 3 (N = 100) comprises data collected online (72% White; 50% Masters/Doctoral Degree). RESULTS Per DSM-5 frequency criterion of BE at least weekly, we found prevalence rates ranging from 19 to 26% across the three samples. Correlates of BE frequency included elevated negative mood, worry, BMI, and less nutritious food consumption. CONCLUSIONS Across three very different samples in terms of race/ethnicity, education, food security status, measurements, and sampling methodology, we found fairly consistent rates of self-reported BE at least weekly (19-26%). Results suggest that BE is related to negative health indices among older women and support the need for more research in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicolas Musi
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- South Texas VA Health System, Audie Murphy Veterans Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sara E Espinoza
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- South Texas VA Health System, Audie Murphy Veterans Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lisa Smith Kilpela
- ReACH Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Barshop Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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