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Liu J, Tan YY, Zheng W, Wang Y, Ju LA, Su QP. Nanoscale insights into hematology: super-resolved imaging on blood cell structure, function, and pathology. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:363. [PMID: 38910248 PMCID: PMC11194919 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence nanoscopy, also known as super-resolution microscopy, has transcended the conventional resolution barriers and enabled visualization of biological samples at nanometric resolutions. A series of super-resolution techniques have been developed and applied to investigate the molecular distribution, organization, and interactions in blood cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms of blood-cell-associated diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of various fluorescence nanoscopy technologies, outlining their current development stage and the challenges they are facing in terms of functionality and practicality. We specifically explore how these innovations have propelled forward the analysis of thrombocytes (platelets), erythrocytes (red blood cells) and leukocytes (white blood cells), shedding light on the nanoscale arrangement of subcellular components and molecular interactions. We spotlight novel biomarkers uncovered by fluorescence nanoscopy for disease diagnosis, such as thrombocytopathies, malignancies, and infectious diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the technological hurdles and chart out prospective avenues for future research directions. This review aims to underscore the significant contributions of fluorescence nanoscopy to the field of blood cell analysis and disease diagnosis, poised to revolutionize our approach to exploring, understanding, and managing disease at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yuping Yolanda Tan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Wen Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Qian Peter Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.
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2
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Tobias GC, Gomes JLP, Fernandes LG, Voltarelli VA, de Almeida NR, Jannig PR, de Souza RWA, Negrão CE, Oliveira EM, Chammas R, Alves CRR, Brum PC. Aerobic exercise training mitigates tumor growth and cancer-induced splenomegaly through modulation of non-platelet platelet factor 4 expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21970. [PMID: 38081853 PMCID: PMC10713653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise training reduces the incidence of several cancers, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. Exercise training can affect the spleen function, which controls the hematopoiesis and immune response. Analyzing different cancer models, we identified that 4T1, LLC, and CT26 tumor-bearing mice displayed enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), and exercise training reduced spleen mass toward control levels in two of these models (LLC and CT26). Exercise training also slowed tumor growth in melanoma B16F10, colon tumor 26 (CT26), and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor-bearing mice, with minor effects in mammary carcinoma 4T1, MDA-MB-231, and MMTV-PyMT mice. In silico analyses using transcriptome profiles derived from these models revealed that platelet factor 4 (Pf4) is one of the main upregulated genes associated with splenomegaly during cancer progression. To understand whether exercise training would modulate the expression of these genes in the tumor and spleen, we investigated particularly the CT26 model, which displayed splenomegaly and had a clear response to the exercise training effects. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that trained CT26 tumor-bearing mice had decreased Pf4 mRNA levels in both the tumor and spleen when compared to untrained CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, exercise training specifically decreased Pf4 mRNA levels in the CT26 tumor cells. Aspirin treatment did not change tumor growth, splenomegaly, and tumor Pf4 mRNA levels, confirming that exercise decreased non-platelet Pf4 mRNA levels. Finally, tumor Pf4 mRNA levels are deregulated in The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) samples and predict survival in multiple cancer types. This highlights the potential therapeutic value of exercise as a complementary approach to cancer treatment and underscores the importance of understanding the exercise-induced transcriptional changes in the spleen for the development of novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel C Tobias
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil.
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - João L P Gomes
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Larissa G Fernandes
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A Voltarelli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ney R de Almeida
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo W Alves de Souza
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Carlos E Negrão
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edilamar M Oliveira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiano R R Alves
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Mello Moraes, 65-Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil.
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Burciaga-Hernandez LA, Cueto-Villalobos CF, Ortega-Piñon N, Gonzalez-Curiel IE, Godina-Gonzalez S, Mendez-Frausto G, Aguilar-Esquivel AP, Maldonado-Lagunas V, Guerrero-de la Torre LE, Melendez-Zajgla J, Sanchez-Garcia EK, Mitre-Aguilar IB, Mendoza-Almanza G. Gene Expression Behavior of a Set of Genes in Platelet and Tissue Samples from Patients with Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098348. [PMID: 37176055 PMCID: PMC10179257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is constituted by a great diversity of highly dynamic cell populations, each of which contributes ligands, receptors, soluble proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs, in order to regulate cellular activities within the TME and even promote processes such as angiogenesis or metastasis. Intravasated platelets (PLT) undergo changes in the TME that convert them into tumor-educated platelets (TEP), which supports the development of cancer, angiogenesis, and metastasis through the degranulation and release of biomolecules. Several authors have reported that the deregulation of PF4, VEGF, PDGF, ANG-1, WASF3, LAPTM4B, TPM3, and TAC1 genes participates in breast cancer progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The present work aimed to analyze the expression levels of this set of genes in tumor tissues and platelets derived from breast cancer patients by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) assays, in order to determine if there was an expression correlation between these sources and to take advantage of the new information to be used in possible diagnosis by liquid biopsy. Data from these assays showed that platelets and breast cancer tumors present similar expression levels of a subset of these genes' mRNAs, depending on the molecular subtype, comorbidities, and metastasis presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Burciaga-Hernandez
- Maestría en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico
| | | | - Nancy Ortega-Piñon
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico
| | - Irma E Gonzalez-Curiel
- Laboratorio de InmunotoxicologÍa y Terapéutica Experimental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias QuÍmicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Susana Godina-Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Biomarcadores, Unidad Académica de Ciencias QuÍmicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Gwendolyne Mendez-Frausto
- Laboratorio de InmunotoxicologÍa y Terapéutica Experimental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias QuÍmicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | | | - Vilma Maldonado-Lagunas
- Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
| | - Luis E Guerrero-de la Torre
- Maestría en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Hospital General Zacatecas "Luz González Cosío", Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Laboratorio de Genomica Funcional del Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
| | - Erika K Sanchez-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
| | - Irma B Mitre-Aguilar
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran (INCMNSZ), Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Gretel Mendoza-Almanza
- Maestría en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
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4
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Wu T, Yang W, Sun A, Wei Z, Lin Q. The Role of CXC Chemokines in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010167. [PMID: 36612163 PMCID: PMC9818145 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokines are small chemotactic and secreted cytokines. Studies have shown that CXC chemokines are dysregulated in multiple types of cancer and are closely correlated with tumor progression. The CXC chemokine family has a dual function in tumor development, either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive depending on the context of cellular signaling. Recent evidence highlights the pro-tumorigenic properties of CXC chemokines in most human cancers. CXC chemokines were found to play pivotal roles in promoting angiogenesis, stimulating inflammatory responses, and facilitating tumor metastases. Enhanced expression of CXC chemokines is always signatured with inferior survival and prognosis. The levels of CXC chemokines in cancer patients are in dynamic change according to the tumor contexts (e.g., chemotherapy resistance and tumor recurrence after surgery). Thus, CXC chemokines have great potential to be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of CXC chemokines on tumor inflammation and metastasis remain unclear and application of antagonists and neutralizing antibodies of CXC chemokines signaling for cancer therapy is still not fully established. This article will review the roles of CXC chemokines in promoting tumorigenesis and progression and address the future research directions of CXC chemokines for cancer treatment.
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Filippelli A, Del Gaudio C, Simonis V, Ciccone V, Spini A, Donnini S. Scoping Review on Platelets and Tumor Angiogenesis: Do We Need More Evidence or Better Analysis? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13401. [PMID: 36362186 PMCID: PMC9656254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are an active component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), involved in the regulation of multiple tumor processes, including angiogenesis. They are generated rich in angiogenic factors in their granules to actively participate in the hemostatic process by megakaryocytes and further enriched in angiogenic factors by all components of the tumor microenvironment to control the angiogenic process because of their preferential relationship with the endothelial component of vessels. In recent decades, the literature has reported a great deal of evidence on the role of platelets in tumor angiogenesis; however, it is unclear whether the number or mean volume of platelets and/or their content and localization in TME may have clinical relevance in the choice and management of therapy for the cancer patient. In this scoping review, we collected and critically reviewed the scientific evidence supporting a close relationship between platelets, cancer, and angiogenesis. The aim of this work was to define the landscape of platelet-activated angiogenesis in cancer progression and analyze what and how much evidence is present in the last 20 years in the literature at both the preclinical and clinical levels, to answer whether platelets could be a useful determinant for analyzing tumor angiogenesis. In conclusion, this scoping review indicates that there is much evidence, both preclinical and clinical, but in the preclinical context, studies demonstrate the direct involvement of platelets in tumor angiogenesis; in the clinical context the evidence is indirect, though strong, and the indication of how and to what extent platelet content contributes to tumor angiogenesis is lacking. So, do we need more evidence or better analysis? More molecular and quali-quantitative data is needed to translate the results obtained in preclinical studies into the clinical setting. This information about platelets, if correlated with tumor type and its biology, including tumor vasculature, type of angiogenesis, and patient characteristics (age, sex, comorbidities, drug treatments for chronic diseases) could be an important pa- rameter for correlating platelet biology to angiogenesis, for personalizing cancer therapy, and for clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Filippelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cinzia Del Gaudio
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vittoria Simonis
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Valerio Ciccone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Spini
- Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Chen M, Hou L, Hu L, Tan C, Wang X, Bao P, Ran Q, Chen L, Li Z. Platelet detection as a new liquid biopsy tool for human cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:983724. [PMID: 36185270 PMCID: PMC9515491 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.983724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still a leading cause of death worldwide and liquid biopsy is a powerful tool that can be applied to different stages of cancer screening and treatment. However, as the second most abundant cell type in the bloodstream, platelets are isolated through well-established and fast methods in clinic but their value as a BioSource of cancer biomarkers is relatively recent. Many studies demonstrated the bidirectional interaction between cancer cells and platelets. Platelets transfer various proteins (e.g., growth factors, cytokine, chemokines) and RNAs (e.g., mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA, circRNA) into the tumor cells and microenvironment, leading the stimulation of tumor growth and metastasis. In turn, the platelet clinical characteristics (e.g., count and volume) and contents (e.g., RNA and protein) are altered by the interactions with cancer cells and this enables the early cancer detection using these features of platelets. In addition, platelet-derived microparticles also demonstrate the prediction power of being cancer biomarkers. In this review, we focus on the clinical applications of platelet detection using the platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet RNA and protein profiles for human cancers and discuss the gap in bringing these implementations into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoshan Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Maoshan Chen, ; Li Chen, ; Zhongjun Li,
| | - Lijia Hou
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lanyue Hu
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengning Tan
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peipei Bao
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Ran
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Maoshan Chen, ; Li Chen, ; Zhongjun Li,
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injuries, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Maoshan Chen, ; Li Chen, ; Zhongjun Li,
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Chen ZZ, Bowden P, Dufresne J, Miao M, Marshall JG. LEDGF is a new growth factor in fetal serum. Anal Biochem 2022; 655:114845. [PMID: 35970411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fetal serum supports the immortal growth of mammalian cell lines in culture while adult serum leads to the terminal differentiation and death of cells in culture. Many of the proteins in fetal serum that support the indefinite division and growth of cancerous cell lines remain obscure. The peptides and proteins of fetal versus adult serum were analyzed by liquid chromatography, nano electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Three batches of fetal serum contained the Alpha Fetoprotein marker while adult serum batches did not. Insulin (INS), and insulin-like growth factor (ILGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) were increased in fetal serum. New fetal growth factors including MEGF, HDGFRP and PSIP1 and soluble growth receptors such as TNFR, EGFR, NTRK2 and THRA were discovered. Addition of insulin or the homeotic transcription factor PSIP1, also referred to as Lens Epithelium Derived Growth Factor (LEDGF), partially restored the rounded phenotype of rapidly dividing cells but was not as effective as fetal serum. Thus, a new growth factor in fetal serum, LEDGF/PSIP1, was directly observed by tandem mass spectrometry and confirmed by add back experiments to cell culture media alongside insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhen Chen
- Research Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Canada.
| | - Peter Bowden
- Research Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Canada.
| | - Jaimie Dufresne
- Research Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Canada.
| | - Ming Miao
- Research Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Canada.
| | - John G Marshall
- Research Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory (RABL), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Canada.
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Bergstrand J, Miao X, Srambickal CV, Auer G, Widengren J. Fast, streamlined fluorescence nanoscopy resolves rearrangements of SNARE and cargo proteins in platelets co-incubated with cancer cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:292. [PMID: 35729633 PMCID: PMC9210740 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that platelets play a central role in cancer progression, with altered storage and selective release from platelets of specific tumor-promoting proteins as a major mechanism. Fluorescence-based super-resolution microscopy (SRM) can resolve nanoscale spatial distribution patterns of such proteins, and how they are altered in platelets upon different activations. Analysing such alterations by SRM thus represents a promising, minimally invasive strategy for platelet-based diagnosis and monitoring of cancer progression. However, broader applicability beyond specialized research labs will require objective, more automated imaging procedures. Moreover, for statistically significant analyses many SRM platelet images are needed, of several different platelet proteins. Such proteins, showing alterations in their distributions upon cancer progression additionally need to be identified. RESULTS A fast, streamlined and objective procedure for SRM platelet image acquisition, analysis and classification was developed to overcome these limitations. By stimulated emission depletion SRM we imaged nanoscale patterns of six different platelet proteins; four different SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide factor attachment protein receptors) mediating protein secretion by membrane fusion of storage granules, and two angiogenesis regulating proteins, representing cargo proteins within these granules coupled to tumor progression. By a streamlined procedure, we recorded about 100 SRM images of platelets, for each of these six proteins, and for five different categories of platelets; incubated with cancer cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, EFO-21), non-cancer cells (MCF-10A), or no cells at all. From these images, structural similarity and protein cluster parameters were determined, and probability functions of these parameters were generated for the different platelet categories. By comparing these probability functions between the categories, we could identify nanoscale alterations in the protein distributions, allowing us to classify the platelets into their correct categories, if they were co-incubated with cancer cells, non-cancer cells, or no cells at all. CONCLUSIONS The fast, streamlined and objective acquisition and analysis procedure established in this work confirms the role of SNAREs and angiogenesis-regulating proteins in platelet-mediated cancer progression, provides additional fundamental knowledge on the interplay between tumor cells and platelets, and represent an important step towards using tumor-platelet interactions and redistribution of nanoscale protein patterns in platelets as a basis for cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bergstrand
- Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xinyan Miao
- Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chinmaya Venugopal Srambickal
- Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gert Auer
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, K7, Z1:00, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jerker Widengren
- Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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9
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Mai S, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Pancreatic Cancer and Platelets Crosstalk: A Potential Biomarker and Target. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749689. [PMID: 34858977 PMCID: PMC8631477 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have been recognized as key players in hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Preclinical and clinical researches evidenced that tumorigenesis and metastasis can be promoted by platelets through a wide variety of crosstalk between cancer cells and platelets. Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the relationship between pancreatic cancer and platelets in clinical diagnosis is described, the interplay between pancreatic cancer and platelets, the underlying pathological mechanism and pathways remain a matter of intensive study. This review summaries recent researches in connections between platelets and pancreatic cancer. The existing data showed different underlying mechanisms were involved in their complex crosstalk. Typically, pancreatic tumor accelerates platelet aggregation which forms thrombosis. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles released by platelets promote communication in a neoplastic microenvironment and illustrate how these interactions drive disease progression. We also discuss the advantages of novel model organoids in pancreatic cancer research. A more in-depth understanding of tumor and platelets crosstalk which is based on organoids and translational therapies may provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshan Mai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Yu L, Guo Y, Chang Z, Zhang D, Zhang S, Pei H, Pang J, Zhao ZJ, Chen Y. Bidirectional Interaction Between Cancer Cells and Platelets Provides Potential Strategies for Cancer Therapies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:764119. [PMID: 34722319 PMCID: PMC8551800 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.764119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are essential components in the tumor microenvironment. For decades, clinical data have demonstrated that cancer patients have a high risk of thrombosis that is associated with adverse prognosis and decreased survival, indicating the involvement of platelets in cancer progression. Increasing evidence confirms that cancer cells are able to induce production and activation of platelets. Once activated, platelets serve as allies of cancer cells in tumor growth and metastasis. They can protect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) against the immune system and detachment-induced apoptosis while facilitating angiogenesis and tumor cell adhesion and invasion. Therefore, antiplatelet agents and platelet-based therapies should be developed for cancer treatment. Here, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional cancer-platelet crosstalk and platelet-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Yu
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Guo
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiguang Chang
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dengyang Zhang
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanzhong Pei
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhizhuang Joe Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Yun Chen
- Edmond H. Fischer Translational Medical Research Laboratory, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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11
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Smith CW. Release of α-granule contents during platelet activation. Platelets 2021; 33:491-502. [PMID: 34569425 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1913576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Upon activation, platelets release a plethora of factors which help to mediate their dynamic functions in hemostasis, inflammation, wound healing, tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. The majority of these bioactive molecules are released from α-granules, which are unique to platelets, and contain an incredibly diverse repertoire of cargo including; integral membrane proteins, pro-coagulant molecules, chemokines, mitogenic, growth and angiogenic factors, adhesion proteins, and microbicidal proteins. Clinically, activation of circulating platelets has increasingly been associated with various disease states. Biomarkers indicating the level of platelet activation in patients can therefore be useful tools to evaluate risk factors to predict future complications and determine treatment strategies or evaluate antiplatelet therapy. The irreversible nature of α-granule secretion makes it ideally suited as a marker of platelet activation. This review outlines the release and contents of platelet α-granules, as well as the membrane bound, and soluble α-granule cargo proteins that can be used as biomarkers of platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
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12
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Effects of Cancer Presence and Therapy on the Platelet Proteome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158236. [PMID: 34361002 PMCID: PMC8347210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are involved in tumor angiogenesis and cancer progression. Previous studies indicated that cancer could affect platelet content. In the current study, we investigated whether cancer-associated proteins can be discerned in the platelets of cancer patients, and whether antitumor treatment may affect the platelet proteome. Platelets were isolated from nine patients with different cancer types and ten healthy volunteers. From three patients, platelets were isolated before and after the start of antitumor treatment. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of gel-fractionated platelet proteins were used to compare patients versus controls and before and after treatment initiation. A total of 4059 proteins were detected, of which 50 were significantly more abundant in patients, and 36 more in healthy volunteers. Eight of these proteins overlapped with our previous cancer platelet proteomics study. From these data, we selected potential biomarkers of cancer including six upregulated proteins (RNF213, CTSG, PGLYRP1, RPL8, S100A8, S100A9) and two downregulated proteins (GPX1, TNS1). Antitumor treatment resulted in increased levels of 432 proteins and decreased levels of 189 proteins. In conclusion, the platelet proteome may be affected in cancer patients and platelets are a potential source of cancer biomarkers. In addition, we found in a small group of patients that anticancer treatment significantly changes the platelet proteome.
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13
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Multiplexed Prostate Cancer Companion Diagnostic Devices. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21155023. [PMID: 34372259 PMCID: PMC8347987 DOI: 10.3390/s21155023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most prominent forms of cancer for men. Since the early 1990s, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) has been a commonly recognized PCa-associated protein biomarker. However, PSA testing has been shown to lack in specificity and sensitivity when needed to diagnose, monitor and/or treat PCa patients successfully. One enhancement could include the simultaneous detection of multiple PCa-associated protein biomarkers alongside PSA, also known as multiplexing. If conventional methods such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are used, multiplexed detection of such protein biomarkers can result in an increase in the required sample volume, in the complexity of the analytical procedures, and in adding to the cost. Using companion diagnostic devices such as biosensors, which can be portable and cost-effective with multiplexing capacities, may address these limitations. This review explores recent research for multiplexed PCa protein biomarker detection using optical and electrochemical biosensor platforms. Some of the novel and potential serum-based PCa protein biomarkers will be discussed in this review. In addition, this review discusses the importance of converting research protocols into multiplex point-of-care testing (xPOCT) devices to be used in near-patient settings, providing a more personalized approach to PCa patients’ diagnostic, surveillance and treatment management.
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14
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Self-preparation system using glucose oxidase-inspired nitroreductase amplification for cascade-responsive drug release and multidrug resistance reversion. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120927. [PMID: 34119887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Early antitumor therapy is an important determinant of survival in patients with cancer. Utilization of specific pathological states, such as hypoxia, greatly promotes the development of intelligent drug delivery systems (DDSs) for targeted antitumor therapy. However, a slight decrease in oxygen levels in early-stage tumors is not sufficient to trigger hypoxia-responsive drug release. Nitroreductase (NTR) is overexpressed in bioreductive hypoxic cancers, and its expression level has been verified to be directly related to hypoxic status. Herein, using glucose oxidase (GOx) as an O2-consuming agent to exacerbate hypoxia, a cascade strategy of GOx-induced overexpression of NTR and amplified NTR-catalyzed release was proposed for early antitumor therapy. Briefly, NTR-sensitive p-nitrobenzyl chloroformate (PNZ-Cl) was adopted to conjugate with the polysaccharide chitosan (CS) and self-assemble into CS-PNZ-Cl micelles. These polymer micelles possess the dual abilities to specifically immobilize GOx and load mitoxantrone (MIT) to form the NTR-responsive nanocascade reactor GOx/MIT@CS-PNZ-Cl. First, as a "key", tumor hypoxia triggers the initial release of GOx, which serves as the O2-consuming agent when catalyzing its reaction with glucose, which is accompanied by H2O2 production. Depleted oxygen levels facilitate the expression of NTR, which in turn amplifies the capacity of the nanocascade reactor to decompose into secondary micelles for enhanced intratumoral permeation. GOx-inspired NTR amplification further elicits MIT release, realizing a synergistic "domino effect" cascade. In addition, upregulated H2O2 has been shown to effectively reverse GSH-mediated MIT resistance, reaching the superior tumor inhibition rate of 93.08%. This GOx-based NTR-responsive nanocascade reactor provides amplification of the bioreductive hypoxic tumor microenvironment for early antitumor therapy.
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15
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Sabrkhany S, Kuijpers MJE, Oude Egbrink MGA, Griffioen AW. Platelets as messengers of early-stage cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:563-573. [PMID: 33634328 PMCID: PMC8213673 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platelets have an important role in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. The reciprocal interaction between cancer and platelets results in changes of several platelet characteristics. It is becoming clear that analysis of these platelet features could offer a new strategy in the search for biomarkers of cancer. Here, we review the human studies in which platelet characteristics (e.g., count, volume, protein, and mRNA content) are investigated in early-stage cancer. The main focus of this paper is to evaluate which platelet features are suitable for the development of a blood test that could detect cancer in its early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamack Sabrkhany
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam G A Oude Egbrink
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Lee SH, Reed-Newman T, Anant S, Ramasamy TS. Regulatory Role of Quiescence in the Biological Function of Cancer Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:1185-1207. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Abstract
PURPOSE To study the association between thrombocytopenia and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS The case-control study was conducted on preterm newborns with ROP between January 2011 and January 2014, retrospectively. The patients were assigned into two groups: Cases required intervention and controls developed no or Stage I ROP. RESULTS Eighty-one premature infants with Type I ROP were enrolled to the study with a mean gestational age of 27.6 ± 2.1 (range: 24-32) weeks and birth weight of 993 ± 292 (range: 560-1,930) g. Mean follow-up time was 38.3 ± 2.7 weeks (min: 32 and max: 46 weeks). Cases were individually matched to a set of controls (1:1 ratio). Thrombocytopenia (<150.000/mm) was seen in 58 (71.6%) of the cases with Type I ROP, whereas only 17 (21%) of the controls had thrombocytopenia (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that bronchopulmonary dysplasia and thrombocytopenia were significantly associated with Type I ROP (relative risk [95% confidence interval]: 4.19 [1.47-12] and 6.69 [2.83-15.9], respectively). The thrombocytopenia ratio (P = 0.073), thrombocytopenia 1 week before intervention (P = 0.076) and platelet transfusion ratio (P = 0.062) tended to be higher in Zone I ROP compared with Zone II ROP. CONCLUSION In our study, there was a significant association between thrombocytopenia and Type I ROP.
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18
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Chennakrishnaiah S, Tsering T, Aprikian S, Rak J. Leukobiopsy - A Possible New Liquid Biopsy Platform for Detecting Oncogenic Mutations. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1608. [PMID: 32038264 PMCID: PMC6993065 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of unique oncogenic alterations encoded by the sequence or biochemical modification in cancer-associated transforming macromolecules has revolutionized diagnosis, classification and management of human cancers. While these signatures were traditionally regarded as largely intracellular and confined to the tumor mass, oncogenic mutations and actionable cancer-related molecular alterations can also be accessed remotely through their recovery from biofluids of either rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs), or of more abundant non-cellular carriers, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), protein complexes, or cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA). Tumor-related macromolecules may also accumulate in circulating platelets. Collectively, these approaches are known as liquid biopsy and hold promise as non-invasive, real-time opportunities to access to the evolving molecular landscape of human malignancies. More recently, a possibility of recovering cancer-specific DNA sequences from circulating leukocytes has also been postulated using experimental models. While it is often assumed that these and other liquid biopsy approaches rely on material passively shed from the tumor mass or its debris, recent evidence suggests that several regulated processes contribute to the abundance, nature, half-life, and turnover of different circulating cancer-related molecular signals. Moreover, many of these signals possess biological activity and may elicit local and systemic regulatory responses. Thus, a better understanding of the biology of liquid biopsy platforms and analytes may enable achieving improved performance of this promising and emerging diagnostic strategy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thupten Tsering
- Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Saro Aprikian
- Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janusz Rak
- Montreal Children's Hospital, RI MUHC, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Flüh C, Mafael V, Adamski V, Synowitz M, Held-Feindt J. Dormancy and NKG2D system in brain metastases: Analysis of immunogenicity. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:298-314. [PMID: 31894267 PMCID: PMC6984787 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with breast cancer (BC) and lung cancer (LC) are prone to developing brain metastases, which are associated with devastating prognoses. Dormant tumor cells, a population of non-apoptotic quiescent cells and immunological escape mechanisms, including the Natural Killer Group 2 member D (NKG2D) receptor-ligand system, represent potential mechanisms of tumor recurrence. To date, the immunological characteristics of dormant tumor cells concerning the NKG2D system in cerebral malignancies are mostly unknown. In the present study, an extensive characterization of dormant and NKG2D ligand (NKG2DL)+ cells in cerebral metastases was performed. The expression profiles and localization patterns of various NKG2DL and several dormancy markers were analyzed in solid human brain metastases from patients with BC and LC using immunostaining and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and Bravais-Pearson correlation analysis. Not only 'peripheral', but also 'central' dormancy markers, which had been previously described in primary brain tumors, were identified in all cerebral metastases at detectable levels at protein and mRNA levels. Notably, the majority of NKG2DL+ cells were also positive for 'central' dormancy markers, but not 'peripheral' dormancy markers in both patient groups. This cell population may represent a promising future therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Flüh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Victor Mafael
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Vivian Adamski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Janka Held-Feindt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig‑Holstein, Campus Kiel, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
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20
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Burns J, Wilding CP, L Jones R, H Huang P. Proteomic research in sarcomas - current status and future opportunities. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 61:56-70. [PMID: 31722230 PMCID: PMC7083238 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas are a rare group of mesenchymal cancers comprising over 70 different histological subtypes. For the majority of these diseases, the molecular understanding of the basis of their initiation and progression remains unclear. As such, limited clinical progress in prognosis or therapeutic regimens have been made over the past few decades. Proteomics techniques are being increasingly utilised in the field of sarcoma research. Proteomic research efforts have thus far focused on histological subtype characterisation for the improvement of biological understanding, as well as for the identification of candidate diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers for use in clinic. However, the field itself is in its infancy, and none of these proteomic research findings have been translated into the clinic. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the proteomic strategies that have been employed in sarcoma research. We evaluate key proteomic studies concerning several rare and ultra-rare sarcoma subtypes including, gastrointestinal stromal tumours, osteosarcoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant rhabdoid tumours, Ewing sarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma. Consequently, we illustrate how routine implementation of proteomics within sarcoma research, integration of proteomics with other molecular profiling data, and incorporation of proteomics into clinical trial studies has the potential to propel the biological and clinical understanding of this group of complex rare cancers moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Burns
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Christopher P Wilding
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Robin L Jones
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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21
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Bergstrand J, Xu L, Miao X, Li N, Öktem O, Franzén B, Auer G, Lomnytska M, Widengren J. Super-resolution microscopy can identify specific protein distribution patterns in platelets incubated with cancer cells. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:10023-10033. [PMID: 31086875 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01967g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein contents in platelets are frequently changed upon tumor development and metastasis. However, how cancer cells can influence protein-selective redistribution and release within platelets, thereby promoting tumor development, remains largely elusive. With fluorescence-based super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) imaging we reveal how specific proteins, implicated in tumor progression and metastasis, re-distribute within platelets, when subject to soluble activators (thrombin, adenosine diphosphate and thromboxane A2), and when incubated with cancer (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, EFO21) or non-cancer cells (184A1, MCF10A). Upon cancer cell incubation, the cell-adhesion protein P-selectin was found to re-distribute into circular nano-structures, consistent with accumulation into the membrane of protein-storing alpha-granules within the platelets. These changes were to a significantly lesser extent, if at all, found in platelets incubated with normal cells, or in platelets subject to soluble platelet activators. From these patterns, we developed a classification procedure, whereby platelets exposed to cancer cells, to non-cancer cells, soluble activators, as well as non-activated platelets all could be identified in an automatic, objective manner. We demonstrate that STED imaging, in contrast to electron and confocal microscopy, has the necessary spatial resolution and labelling efficiency to identify protein distribution patterns in platelets and can resolve how they specifically change upon different activations. Combined with image analyses of specific protein distribution patterns within the platelets, STED imaging can thus have a role in future platelet-based cancer diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring. The presented approach can also bring further clarity into fundamental mechanisms for cancer cell-platelet interactions, and into non-contact cell-to-cell interactions in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bergstrand
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lei Xu
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xinyan Miao
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nailin Li
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine-Solna, Clinical Pharmacology, L7:03, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ozan Öktem
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Department of Mathematics, Lindstedsvägen 25, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Franzén
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, K7, Z1:00, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gert Auer
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, K7, Z1:00, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marta Lomnytska
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, K7, Z1:00, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jerker Widengren
- Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Albanova Univ Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zhu Y, Pick H, Gasilova N, Li X, Lin TE, Laeubli HP, Zippelius A, Ho PC, Girault HH. MALDI Detection of Exosomes: A Potential Tool for Cancer Studies. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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23
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Liubich LD, Lisyanyi NI, Malysheva TA, Staino LP, Egorova DM, Vaslovych VV. In vitro effects of platelet-derived factors of brain glioma patients on C6 glioma cells. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.15421/021928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play an important part in the progression and pathological angiogenesis of brain glioma because of the different granules content and release of microvesicles that are the source of numerous mediators and bioactive substances, which probably provides a "strategy" for the tumour survival. The objective of study was exploring the effect of platelet-released secretion products of patients with brain glioma on the experimental model of tumour growth in vitro. For this purpose, the cells of glioma C6 were cultured for 72 hours under the addition of modified media containing platelet-released secretion products or conditioned media of peripheral blood cells of patients with glioma as well as persons of the comparison group without rough somatic pathology. In control glioma C6 cultures in standard conditions cell clusters were formed by the type of "spheroids", from which radial cell migration occurred, a tense cellular or reticular growth zone was formed, and tumour cells preserved their ability to mitotic division. Under the influence of platelet-released secretion products of patients with glioma, differently directed effects on cell mitotic activity and the number of cell clusters in glioma C6 cultures were detected depending on the degree of tumour malignancy: stimulating effect under the influence of platelet factors of patients with high-malignancy glioma (G4) and inhibitory effect – due to the influence of platelet factors of patients with differentiated glioma (G2). In contrast to the thrombocyte-released factors, the conditioned media of a common pool of peripheral blood cells of patients with G4 glioma suppressed the mitotic activity of tumour cells and did not affect the number of cell clusters. No changes in glioma C6 cultures were revealed after the influence of platelet-released secretion products of persons of the comparison group. The obtained data confirm the important role of platelets in the pathogenesis of brain glioma, pointing to the fundamental difference in the spectrum of biologically active molecules that are released by platelets of patients depending on the degree of tumour malignancy and are able to regulate the cell cycle and proliferative activity of the glioma tumour cells, which may have application as a diagnostic marker as well as predictive marker of response to antitumour therapy.
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Bai J, Wang J, Yang Y, Zhang W, Wang F, Zhang L, Chen H, Wang X, Feng Y, Shen Y, Huang L, He A. Serum platelet factor 4 is a promising predictor in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma treated with thalidomide and VAD regimens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:387-391. [PMID: 30890040 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2019.1592826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Frequent loss of expression of platelet factor 4 (PF4) in multiple myeloma (MM) was revealed in several previous researches. The predictive analysis of serum PF4 level in newly diagnosed MM has not been well elucidated. This study is to assess if serum PF4 could be a prognostic factor in predicting treatment response and survival of MM treated with thalidomide and VAD regimens. METHODS Sera of 122 MM were gained pre- and post-treatment of chemotherapy and oral thalidomide. Serological PF4 measurements were performed by ELISA. Kaplan-Meier method was employed for survival analysis. Log rank test was used significance analysis. Multivariate analysis of overall survival used Cox-regression. RESULTS Our data showed that the median serum PF4 concentration was negatively associated with MM response and a significant correlation between serum PF4 level and unfavorable clinical features (β2-microglobulin, ISS stage, del17p and creatinine). MM with lower serum PF4 concentration at diagnosis were prone to gain complete remission and very good partial remission after two courses of chemotherapy. Besides del17p, β2-microglobulin, treatment response, the low serum PF4 concentration was an independent variable associated with a poor overall survival by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS We speculate serum PF4 is a promising response and prognostic factor in newly diagnosed MM treated with thalidomide and VAD regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Bai
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Yang
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Wanggang Zhang
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Fangxia Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- b Department of Clinical Lab , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Chen
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaman Wang
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuandong Feng
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shen
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjuan Huang
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
| | - Aili He
- a Department of Hematology , Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , People's Republic of China
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25
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Loo HK, Mathen P, Lee J, Camphausen K. Circulating biomarkers for high-grade glioma. Biomark Med 2019; 13:161-165. [PMID: 30806515 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Loo
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10 B3B55, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter Mathen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10 B3B55, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer Lee
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10 B3B55, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10 B3B55, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Platelets in cancer development and diagnosis. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:1517-1527. [PMID: 30420412 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are involved in the development and progression of cancer through several mechanisms. Platelet activation at the site of tissue damage contributes to the initiation of a cascade of events which promote tumorigenesis. In fact, platelets release a wide array of proteins, including growth and angiogenic factors, lipids and extracellular vesicles rich in genetic material, which can mediate the induction of phenotypic changes in target cells, such as immune, stromal and tumor cells, and promote carcinogenesis and metastasis formation. Importantly, the role of platelets in tumor immune escape has been described. These lines of evidence open the way to novel strategies to fight cancer based on the use of antiplatelet agents. In addition to their ability to release factors, platelets are able of up-taking proteins and genetic material present in the bloodstream. Platelets are like 'sentinels' of the disease state. The evaluation of proteomics and transcriptomics signature of platelets and platelet-derived microparticles could represent a new strategy for the development of biomarkers for early cancer detection and/or therapeutic drug monitoring in cancer chemotherapy. Owing to the ability of platelets to interact with cancer cells and to deliver their cargo, platelets have been proposed as a 'biomimetic drug delivery system' for anti-tumor drugs to prevent the occurrence of off-target adverse events associated with the use of traditional chemotherapy.
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27
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Ruytinx P, Proost P, Struyf S. CXCL4 and CXCL4L1 in cancer. Cytokine 2018; 109:65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xu XR, Yousef GM, Ni H. Cancer and platelet crosstalk: opportunities and challenges for aspirin and other antiplatelet agents. Blood 2018. [PMID: 29519806 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-05-743187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have long been recognized as key players in hemostasis and thrombosis; however, growing evidence suggests that they are also significantly involved in cancer, the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Preclinical and clinical studies showed that tumorigenesis and metastasis can be promoted by platelets through a wide variety of crosstalk between platelets and cancer cells. For example, cancer changes platelet behavior by directly inducing tumor-platelet aggregates, triggering platelet granule and extracellular vesicle release, altering platelet phenotype and platelet RNA profiles, and enhancing thrombopoiesis. Reciprocally, platelets reinforce tumor growth with proliferation signals, antiapoptotic effect, and angiogenic factors. Platelets also activate tumor invasion and sustain metastasis via inducing an invasive epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype of tumor cells, promoting tumor survival in circulation, tumor arrest at the endothelium, and extravasation. Furthermore, platelets assist tumors in evading immune destruction. Hence, cancer cells and platelets maintain a complex, bidirectional communication. Recently, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been recognized as a promising cancer-preventive agent. It is recommended at daily low dose by the US Preventive Services Task Force for primary prevention of colorectal cancer. The exact mechanisms of action of aspirin in chemoprevention are not very clear, but evidence has emerged that suggests a platelet-mediated effect. In this article, we will introduce how cancer changes platelets to be more cancer-friendly and highlight advances in the modes of action for aspirin in cancer prevention. We also discuss the opportunities, challenges, and opposing viewpoints on applying aspirin and other antiplatelet agents for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Ruby Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, ON, Canada; and
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sabrkhany S, Kuijpers MJE, Knol JC, Olde Damink SWM, Dingemans AMC, Verheul HM, Piersma SR, Pham TV, Griffioen AW, Oude Egbrink MGA, Jimenez CR. Exploration of the platelet proteome in patients with early-stage cancer. J Proteomics 2018; 177:65-74. [PMID: 29432918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelets play an important role in tumor growth and, at the same time, platelet characteristics are affected by cancer presence. Therefore, we investigated whether the platelet proteome harbors differentially expressed proteins associated with early-stage cancer. For this proof-of-concept study, patients with early-stage lung (n = 8) or head of pancreas cancer (n = 4) were included, as were healthy sex- and age-matched controls for both subgroups. Blood samples were collected from controls and from patients before surgery. Furthermore, from six of the patients, a second sample was collected two months after surgery. NanoLC-MS/MS-based proteomics of gel-fractionated platelet proteins was used for comparative spectral count analyses of patients to controls and before to after surgery samples. The total platelet proteome dataset included 4384 unique proteins of which 85 were significantly (criteria Fc > 1.5 and p < 0.05) changed in early-stage cancer compared to controls. In addition, the levels of 81 platelet proteins normalized after tumor resection. When filtering for the most discriminatory proteins, we identified seven promising platelet proteins associated with early-stage cancer. In conclusion, this pioneering study on the platelet proteome in cancer patients clearly identifies platelets as a new source of candidate protein biomarkers of early-stage cancer. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Currently, most blood-based diagnostics/biomarker research is performed in serum or plasma, while the content of blood cells is usually neglected. It is known that especially blood platelets, which are the main circulating pool of many bioactive proteins, such as growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines, are a potentially rich source of biomarkers. The current study is the first to measure the effect of early-stage cancer on the platelet proteome of patients. Our study demonstrates that the platelet proteome of patients with early-stage lung or head of pancreas cancer differs considerably compared to that of healthy individuals of matched sex and age. In addition, the platelet proteome of cancer patients normalized after surgical resection of the tumor. Exploiting platelet proteome differences linked to both tumor presence and disease status, we were able to demonstrate that the platelet proteome can be mined for potential biomarkers of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamack Sabrkhany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Physiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco C Knol
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steven W M Olde Damink
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie C Dingemans
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Pulmonology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henk M Verheul
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam G A Oude Egbrink
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Physiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Riedl J, Pabinger I, Ay C. Platelets in cancer and thrombosis. Hamostaseologie 2017; 34:54-62. [DOI: 10.5482/hamo-13-10-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryPlatelets are the smallest circulating blood cells and their major function is the maintenance of haemostasis. They do not have a nucleus, but instead a multitude of granules that contain molecules important for several physiological processes. These granules can be released after platelet activation and thereby platelets take part in haemostasis, wound repair or immunological processes. Furthermore, platelets are also involved in the pathophysiology of several diseases, including cancer. Platelets can support various steps of cancer development and progression by promoting tumour growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Moreover, platelets contribute to the hypercoagulable state frequently observed in cancer patients, leading to an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In previous studies a high platelet count was repeatedly found to be associated with an elevated risk of VTE and a worse prognosis in patients with cancer.The aim of this review is to give an overview of the most important alterations of platelet physiology in cancer patients and how these alterations may influence cancer disease and contribute to cancer-associated VTE.
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31
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Nurden A. Platelets, inflammation and tissue regeneration. Thromb Haemost 2017; 105 Suppl 1:S13-33. [DOI: 10.1160/ths10-11-0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SummaryBlood platelets have long been recognised to bring about primary haemostasis with deficiencies in platelet production and function manifesting in bleeding while upregulated function favourises arterial thrombosis. Yet increasing evidence indicates that platelets fulfil a much wider role in health and disease. First, they store and release a wide range of biologically active substances including the panoply of growth factors, chemokines and cytokines released from α-granules. Membrane budding gives rise to microparticles (MPs), another active participant within the blood stream. Platelets are essential for the innate immune response and combat infection (viruses, bacteria, micro-organisms). They help maintain and modulate inflammation and are a major source of pro-inflammatory molecules (e.g. P-selectin, tissue factor, CD40L, metalloproteinases). As well as promoting coagulation, they are active in fibrinolysis; wound healing, angiogenesis and bone formation as well as in maternal tissue and foetal vascular remodelling. Activated platelets and MPs intervene in the propagation of major diseases. They are major players in atherosclerosis and related diseases, pathologies of the central nervous system (Alzheimers disease, multiple sclerosis), cancer and tumour growth. They participate in other tissue-related acquired pathologies such as skin diseases and allergy, rheumatoid arthritis, liver disease; while, paradoxically, autologous platelet-rich plasma and platelet releasate are being used as an aid to promote tissue repair and cellular growth. The above mentioned roles of platelets are now discussed.
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Flores RJ, Kelly AJ, Li Y, Chen X, McGee C, Krailo M, Barkauskas DA, Hicks J, Man TK. The prognostic significance of circulating serum amyloid A and CXC chemokine ligand 4 in osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64:10.1002/pbc.26659. [PMID: 28544777 PMCID: PMC5695860 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common pediatric bone cancer. Despite advances in treatment regimens, the survival rate remains 60-70%. There is an urgent need to identify prognostic biomarkers, so that targeted therapies can be developed to improve the outcome. PROCEDURE Our laboratory has previously identified that circulating serum amyloid A (SAA) and CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) are upregulated in patients with OS. In this study, we tested if they could be used as prognostic biomarkers. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure their concentrations in serum samples (n = 233) and immunohistochemistry to examine their expressions in primary tumors (n = 37). Prognostic significance of the serum concentrations and tumor expressions of the biomarkers was then evaluated. RESULTS Patients with "high SAA" and "low CXCL4" circulating levels at diagnosis significantly correlated with a worse outcome (HR = 1.68, P = 0.014), which was independent of the metastatic status. These patients also exhibited a significantly higher rate of poor histologic response to chemotherapy. Furthermore, low tumor expression of CXCL4 correlated with poor survival (HR = 3.57, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that circulating SAA and CXCL4 may serve as prognostic biomarkers in OS. Targeting CXCL4 has been reported, suggesting that it may be exploited as a therapeutic target in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J. Flores
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Aaron J. Kelly
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Program of Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yiting Li
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Xiang Chen
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Colin McGee
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mark Krailo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033,Children’s Oncology Group. 222 E. Huntington Drive, Suite 100, Monrovia, CA 91016
| | - Donald A. Barkauskas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033,Children’s Oncology Group. 222 E. Huntington Drive, Suite 100, Monrovia, CA 91016
| | - John Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Tsz-Kwong Man
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Program of Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
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33
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Karshovska E, Weber C, Hundelshausen PV. Platelet chemokines in health and disease. Thromb Haemost 2017; 110:894-902. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-04-0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIn recent years, it has become clear that platelets and platelet-derived chemokines, beyond their role in thrombosis and haemostasis, are important mediators affecting a broad spectrum of (patho)physiological conditions. These biologically active proteins are released from α-granules upon platelet activation, most probably even during physiological conditions. In this review, we give a concise overview and an update on the current understanding of platelet-derived chemokines in a context of health and disease.Note: The review process for this manuscript was fully handled by G. Y. H. Lip, Editor in Chief.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proteomics has been used in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) research in the attempts to improve the understanding of the disease background and develop novel clinical applications. Using various proteomics modalities, aberrant regulations of numerous intriguing proteins were identified in STSs, and the possible utilities of identified proteins as biomarkers or therapeutic targets have been explored. STS is an exceptionally diverse group of malignant diseases with highly complex molecular backgrounds and, therefore, an overview of the achievements and prospects of STS proteomics could enhance our knowledge of the possibilities and limitations of cancer proteomics. Areas covered: This review examines all STSs that have been examined using proteomics modalities, discussing unique aspects, limitations, and possible improvements of individual reports. To contribute to the current progress in cancer treatment development using novel anti-cancer drugs, proteomics plays a central role in linking cutting-edge technologies, application of proteogenomics, patient-derived cancer models, and biobanking system. Expert commentary: Therefore, proteomic-based STS research will be developed as an interdisciplinary science. STS proteomics will be further developed based on the interaction of oncologists with basic researchers in various fields, aimed at obtaining an enhanced understanding of the biology of the disease and achieving superior clinical outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Kondo
- a Division of Rare Cancer Research , National Cancer Center Research Institute , Tokyo , Japan
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35
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Reichert M. Proteome analysis of sheep B lymphocytes in the course of bovine leukemia virus-induced leukemia. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1363-1375. [PMID: 28436273 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217705864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Presented are the results of a study of the expression pattern of different proteins in the course of bovine leukemia virus-induced leukemia in experimental sheep and I discuss how the obtained data may be useful in gaining a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, diagnosis, and for the selection of possible therapeutic targets. In cattle, the disease is characterized by life-long persistent lymphocytosis leading to leukemia/lymphoma in about 5% of infected animals. In sheep, as opposed to cattle, the course of the disease is always fatal and clinical symptoms usually occur within a three-year period after infection. For this reason, sheep are an excellent experimental model of retrovirus-induced leukemia. This model can be useful for human pathology, as bovine leukemia virus is closely related to human T-lymphotropic virus type 1. The data presented here provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the bovine leukemia virus-induced tumorigenic process and indicate the potential marker proteins both for monitoring progression of the disease and as possible targets of pharmacological intervention. A study of the proteome of B lymphocytes from four leukemic sheep revealed 11 proteins with altered expression. Among them, cytoskeleton and intermediate filament proteins were the most abundant, although proteins belonging to the other functional groups, i.e. enzymes, regulatory proteins, and transcription factors, were also present. It was found that trypsin inhibitor, platelet factor 4, thrombospondin 1, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, fibrinogen alpha chain, zyxin, filamin-A, and vitamin D-binding protein were downregulated, whereas cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 5, non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein and small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein alpha were upregulated. Discussed are the possible mechanisms of their altered expression and its significance in the bovine leukemia virus-induced leukemogenic process. Impact statement The submitted manuscript provides new data on the molecular mechanisms of BLV-induced tumorigenic process indicating the potential marker proteins both for monitoring the progression of the disease and as possible targets of pharmacological intervention. This is to my knowledge the first study of the proteome of the transformed lymphocytes in the course of bovine leukemia virus-induced leukemia in susceptible animals. BLV can be considered as useful model for related human pathogen - HTLV-1, another member of the deltaretrovirus genus evolutionary closely related to BLV. Information gathered in this study can be useful to speculate on possible shared mechanisms of deltaretrovirus-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Reichert
- Department of Pathology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy 24-100, Poland
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36
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Kumar S, Rani R, Dilbaghi N, Tankeshwar K, Kim KH. Carbon nanotubes: a novel material for multifaceted applications in human healthcare. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:158-196. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00517a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable advances achieved in modern material technology, especially in device fabrication, have facilitated diverse materials to expand the list of their application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology
- Hisar
- India
| | - Ruma Rani
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology
- Hisar
- India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology
- Hisar
- India
| | - K. Tankeshwar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology
- Hisar
- India
- Department of Physics
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Republic of Korea
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37
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Kareva I, Abou-Slaybi A, Dodd O, Dashevsky O, Klement GL. Normal Wound Healing and Tumor Angiogenesis as a Game of Competitive Inhibition. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166655. [PMID: 27935954 PMCID: PMC5147849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Both normal wound healing and tumor angiogenesis are mitigated by the sequential, carefully orchestrated release of growth stimulators and inhibitors. These regulators are released from platelet clots formed at the sites of activated endothelium in a temporally and spatially controlled manner, and the order of their release depends on their affinity to glycosaminoglycans (GAG) such as heparan sulfate (HS) within the extracellular matrix, and platelet open canallicular system. The formation of vessel sprouts, triggered by angiogenesis regulating factors with lowest affinities for heparan sulfate (e.g. VEGF), is followed by vessel-stabilizing PDGF-B or bFGF with medium affinity for HS, and by inhibitors such as PF-4 and TSP-1 with the highest affinities for HS. The invasive wound-like edge of growing tumors has an overabundance of angiogenesis stimulators, and we propose that their abundance out-competes angiogenesis inhibitors, effectively preventing inhibition of angiogenesis and vessel maturation. We evaluate this hypothesis using an experimentally motivated agent-based model, and propose a general theoretical framework for understanding mechanistic similarities and differences between the processes of normal wound healing and pathological angiogenesis from the point of view of competitive inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kareva
- Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center, Arizona State Univ, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Abdo Abou-Slaybi
- Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Oliver Dodd
- Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Olga Dashevsky
- Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Dept. of Medical Oncology, Dana−Farber Cancer Institute, Dept. of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Giannoula Lakka Klement
- Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
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Zhang Y, Gao J, Wang X, Deng S, Ye H, Guan W, Wu M, Zhu S, Yu Y, Han W. CXCL4 mediates tumor regrowth after chemotherapy by suppression of antitumor immunity. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 16:1775-83. [PMID: 26479470 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1095404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The recurrence of colorectal cancer after chemotherapy is the leading cause of its high mortality. We propose that elucidating the mechanisms of tumor regrowth after chemotherapy in tumor-bearing mice may provide new insights into tumor relapse in cancer patients. We firstly report the identification of a chemokine, CXCL4, that plays an important role in the molecular mechanism of cancer regrowth after chemotherapy. A syngenic transplantation tumor model was established with murine colon cancer CT26 cells and treated with 5-FU. Genome-wide gene expression analysis determined that CXCL4 was transiently upregulated in the tumor model. Systemic overexpression of CXCL4 accelerated cancer growth in vivo, but not in vitro. Conversely, the anti-CXCL4 monoclonal antibody (CXCL4-mab) retarded tumor-regrowth after 5-FU treatment in immune-competent mice, but not nude mice. The CXCL4-mab treatment increased the local expression levels of IFN-γ and Gran-b genes in the tumor-bed, and elevated the function of CTLs against CT26 cells. Thus, the colon cancer cells in responding to the cytotoxic stress of 5-FU produce a high level of CXCL4, which suppresses antitumor immunity to confer the residual cancer cells an advantage for regrowth after chemotherapy. Our findings provide a novel target for developing therapeutics aiming to increase antitumor immunity after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- a Laboratory of Regeneromics; School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- a Laboratory of Regeneromics; School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- a Laboratory of Regeneromics; School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Shaorong Deng
- a Laboratory of Regeneromics; School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Hao Ye
- a Laboratory of Regeneromics; School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Wen Guan
- b Shanghai Municipality Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology; School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Mingyuan Wu
- a Laboratory of Regeneromics; School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Shunying Zhu
- b Shanghai Municipality Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology; School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Yan Yu
- b Shanghai Municipality Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology; School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
| | - Wei Han
- a Laboratory of Regeneromics; School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University ; Shanghai , PR China
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39
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Gianazza E, Miller I, Palazzolo L, Parravicini C, Eberini I. With or without you — Proteomics with or without major plasma/serum proteins. J Proteomics 2016; 140:62-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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40
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Wang ZT, Wang Z, Hu YW. Possible roles of platelet-derived microparticles in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 248:10-6. [PMID: 26978582 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Platelets and platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) play important roles in cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. Continued research has revealed that PMPs have numerous functions in atherosclerosis, not only in thrombosis formation, but also by induction of inflammation. PMPs also induce formation of foam cells. Recent evidence strongly indicates a significant role of PMPs in atherosclerosis. Here, current research on the function of PMPs in atherosclerosis is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ting Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Kareva I. Escape from tumor dormancy and time to angiogenic switch as mitigated by tumor-induced stimulation of stroma. J Theor Biol 2016; 395:11-22. [PMID: 26826487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A variety of mechanisms have been proposed to explain "cancer without disease", the state of tumor dormancy, characterized by balance in cell proliferation and cell death within a tumor. Here we have investigated a theoretical construct, whereby one of such mechanisms, the time to induction of angiogenesis, or "angiogenic switch", is mitigated by the degree of stromal stimulation by the tumor. We tested this hypothesis and its implications by introducing a mathematical model that captures how angiogenesis regulators, released from the platelet clot, contribute to formation of normal vasculature. We then modified the model to introduce tumor-induced increase in production of angiogenesis regulators and were able to simulate pathological angiogenesis. Through varying parameters governing the degree of tumor-induced stromal stimulation, we were able to qualitatively replicate experimentally observed growth curves for both dormant and actively growing tumors of breast cancer and liposarcoma. In fact, variation of very few parameters was sufficient to replicate any experimentally observed time to angiogenic switch in the available data. Finally, we investigated the effects of tighter binding isoforms of angiogenesis stimulators on neovasculature formation and tumor growth, which may provide an explanation for variations in angiogenesis -dependence in tumors of different tissue origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kareva
- Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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Gao J, Wu M, Gao J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhu S, Yu Y, Han W. Generation and Characterization of a New Monoclonal Antibody Against CXCL4. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2016; 34:110-5. [PMID: 25897609 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2014.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
CXCL4 plays important roles in numerous disease processes, which makes the CXCL4 signaling pathway a potential therapeutic target. In this study, we aimed to develop a neutralizing antibody against both human and mouse CXCL4. Rats were immunized with recombinant human CXCL4 (rhCXCL4). Hybridoma clones were created by fusion of the immunized rat spleen cells with mouse myeloma SP2/0 cells and screened using recombinant mouse CXCL4 (rmCXCL4) and rhCXCL4. The CXCL4 monoclonal antibody (CXCL4 MAb) produced by the 16D6-3 hybridoma clone was sequenced and characterized by Western blot and Biacore assays. It recognized both human and mouse CXCL4 with high affinity and neutralized the effect of rhCXCL4 in vitro. Thus, the antibody may be used in the studies of CXCL4 in murine disease models and as a template in the antibody humanization for clinical developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- 1 Laboratory of Regeneromics, School of Pharmacy, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China
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Cheon DH, Nam EJ, Park KH, Woo SJ, Lee HJ, Kim HC, Yang EG, Lee C, Lee JE. Comprehensive Analysis of Low-Molecular-Weight Human Plasma Proteome Using Top-Down Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:229-44. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huey Cheon
- Center
for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary
Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Nam
- Center
for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Joon Woo
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Cheol Kim
- Department
of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Gyeong Yang
- Center
for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center
for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Center
for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
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44
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Sabrkhany S, Kuijpers MJE, Verheul HMW, Griffioen AW, oude Egbrink MGA. Platelets: an unexploited data source in biomarker research. LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2015; 2:e512-3. [DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(15)00225-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Li N. Platelets in cancer metastasis: To help the "villain" to do evil. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:2078-87. [PMID: 26356352 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer progress is accompanied by platelet activation and thrombotic complications. Platelets are a dangerous alliance of cancer cells, and are a close engager in multiple processes of cancer metastasis. Platelet adhesion to cancer cells forms a protective cloak that helps cancer cells to escape immune surveillance and natural killer cell-mediated cytolysis. Platelets facilitate tethering and arrest of disseminated cancer cells in the vasculature, enhance invasive potentials and thus extravasation of cancer cells. Moreover, platelets recruit monocytes and granulocytes to the sites of cancer cell arrest, and collaborate with them to establish a pro-metastatic microenvironment and metastatic niches. Platelets also secret a number of growth factors to stimulate cancer cell proliferation, release various angiogenic regulators to regulate tumor angiogenesis and subsequently promote cancer growth and progress. Albeit platelets are helping the "villain" cancer to do evil, the close engagements of platelets in cancer metastasis and progress can be used as the intervention targets for new anti-cancer therapeutic developments. Platelet-targeted anti-cancer strategy may bring in novel anti-cancer treatments that can synergize the therapeutic effects of chemotherapies and surgical treatments of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailin Li
- Karolinska Institutet Department of Medicine-Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
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46
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Varon D, Shai E. Platelets and their microparticles as key players in pathophysiological responses. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13 Suppl 1:S40-6. [PMID: 26149049 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are known to play a central role in primary hemostasis as well as in the pathophysiology of thrombotic disorders. However, in addition to hemostasis, platelets are involved in a variety of pathophysiological responses including immune responses, inflammation, angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, and cancer metastasis. Recent studies revealed a significant role for platelet-derived microparticles (PMP), in these responses. PMP communicate with, and deliver signals to, other cells, induce signals, and change their phenotype during inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. The current report describes the recent development in this field with a focus on the role of platelets and PMP in all of the above responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Varon
- Coagulation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - E Shai
- Coagulation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kareva I, Waxman DJ, Lakka Klement G. Metronomic chemotherapy: an attractive alternative to maximum tolerated dose therapy that can activate anti-tumor immunity and minimize therapeutic resistance. Cancer Lett 2014; 358:100-106. [PMID: 25541061 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The administration of chemotherapy at reduced doses given at regular, frequent time intervals, termed 'metronomic' chemotherapy, presents an alternative to standard maximal tolerated dose (MTD) chemotherapy. The primary target of metronomic chemotherapy was originally identified as endothelial cells supporting the tumor vasculature, and not the tumor cells themselves, consistent with the emerging concept of cancer as a systemic disease involving both tumor cells and their microenvironment. While anti-angiogenesis is an important mechanism of action of metronomic chemotherapy, other mechanisms, including activation of anti-tumor immunity and a decrease in acquired therapeutic resistance, have also been identified. Here we present evidence supporting a mechanistic explanation for the improved activity of cancer chemotherapy when administered on a metronomic, rather than an MTD schedule and discuss the implications of these findings for further translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kareva
- Newman Lakka Institute, Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111; Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - David J Waxman
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Boston University Boston, MA 02215
| | - Giannoula Lakka Klement
- Newman Lakka Institute, Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.
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Expression of angiogenesis regulatory proteins and epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors in platelets of the breast cancer patients. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:878209. [PMID: 25379550 PMCID: PMC4212629 DOI: 10.1155/2014/878209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a role in tumor angiogenesis and growth and are the main transporters of several angiogenesis regulators. Here, we aimed to determine the levels of angiogenesis regulators and epithelial-mesenchymal transition factors sequestered by circulating platelets in breast cancer patients and age-matched healthy controls. Platelet pellets (PP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) were collected by routine protocols. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), platelet factor 4 (PF4), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Angiogenesis-associated expression of VEGF (2.1 pg/106 platelets versus 0.9 pg/106 platelets, P < 0.001), PF4 (21.2 ng/106 platelets versus 10.2 ng/106 platelets, P < 0.001), PDGF-BB (42.9 pg/106 platelets versus 19.1 pg/106 platelets, P < 0.001), and TGF-β1 (15.3 ng/106 platelets versus 4.3 ng/106 platelets, P < 0.001) differed in the PP samples of cancer and control subjects. In addition, protein concentrations were associated with clinical characteristics (P < 0.05). Circulating platelets in breast cancer sequester higher levels of PF4, VEGF, PDGF-BB, and TGF-β1, suggesting a possible target for early diagnosis. VEGF, PDGF, and TGF-β1 concentrations in platelets may be associated with prognosis.
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49
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Alkozai EM, Porte RJ, Adelmeijer J, Zanetto A, Simioni P, Senzolo M, Lisman T. Levels of angiogenic proteins in plasma and platelets are not different between patients with hepatitis B/C-related cirrhosis and patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Platelets 2014; 26:577-82. [PMID: 25275728 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2014.961415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that levels of angiogenic proteins within blood platelets change at the earliest stages of cancer development and may thus provide a promising diagnostic and prognostic tool. Patients with cirrhosis have increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to study whether development of HCC in hepatitis-related cirrhosis results in changes in platelet levels of angiogenic proteins. We studied the intraplatelet levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), endostatin, platelet factor 4 (PF4) and thrombospondin type 1 (TSP-1) in 38 consecutive patients with hepatitis B- or C-related liver cirrhosis with or without HCC in addition to plasma levels of the same proteins. Twenty healthy volunteers were included to establish reference values for the various tests. Intraplatelet levels of VEGF, bFGF, HGF and endostatin were significantly higher in patients compared to controls. Intraplatelet levels of PDGF, PF4 and TSP-1 were comparable between patients and controls. Plasma levels of VEGF, bFGF and endostatin were comparable between patients and controls. Plasma levels of PDGF, PF4 and TSP-1 were decreased in patients, but this difference disappeared when levels were corrected for platelet count. Intraplatelet and plasma levels of all proteins assessed were comparable between patients with and without HCC. In conclusion, the intraplatelet levels of some angiogenic proteins are elevated in cirrhosis, but do not discriminate between patients with and without HCC. Thus, intraplatelet levels of angiogenic proteins do not seem useful as diagnostic or prognostic biomarker of HCC in cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edris M Alkozai
- Surgical Research Laboratory, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
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50
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Trichler SA, Bulla SC, Mahajan N, Lunsford KV, Pendarvis K, Nanduri B, McCarthy FM, Bulla C. Identification of canine platelet proteins separated by differential detergent fractionation for nonelectrophoretic proteomics analyzed by Gene Ontology and pathways analysis. VETERINARY MEDICINE-RESEARCH AND REPORTS 2014; 5:1-9. [PMID: 32670841 PMCID: PMC7337207 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s47127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
During platelet development, proteins necessary for the many functional roles of the platelet are stored within cytoplasmic granules. Platelets have also been shown to take up and store many plasma proteins into granules. This makes the platelet a potential novel source of biomarkers for many disease states. Approaches to sample preparation for proteomic studies for biomarkers search vary. Compared with traditional two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis systems, nonelectrophoretic proteomics methods that employ offline protein fractionation methods such as the differential detergent fractionation method have clear advantages. Here we report a proteomic survey of the canine platelet proteome using differential detergent fractionation coupled with mass spectrometry and functional modeling of the canine platelet proteins identified. A total of 5,974 unique proteins were identified from platelets, of which only 298 (5%) had previous experimental evidence of in vivo expression. The use of offline prefractionation of canine proteins by differential detergent fractionation resulted in greater proteome coverage as compared with previous reports. This initial study contributes to a broader understanding of canine platelet biology and aids functional research, identification of potential treatment targets and biomarkers, and sets a new standard for the resting platelet proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kari V Lunsford
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Animal Health Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
| | - Ken Pendarvis
- Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Bindu Nanduri
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.,Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Fiona M McCarthy
- Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Camilo Bulla
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine
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