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Khanum A, Bibi Y, Khan I, Mustafa G, Attia KA, Mohammed AA, Yang SH, Qayyum A. Molecular docking of bioactive compounds extracted and purified from selected medicinal plant species against covid-19 proteins and in vitro evaluation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3736. [PMID: 38355953 PMCID: PMC10866962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds are secondary metabolites of plants. They offer diverse pharmacological properties. Peganum harmala is reported to have pharmaceutical effects like insecticidal, antitumor, curing malaria, anti-spasmodic, vasorelaxant, antihistaminic effect. Rosa brunonii has medicinal importance in its flower and fruits effective against different diseases and juice of leaf is reported to be applied externally to cure wounds and cuts. Dryopteris ramosa aqueous leaf extract is used to treat stomach ulcers and stomachaches. Each of these three medicinal plants have been indicated to have anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antifungal effects but efficacy of their bioactive compounds remained unexplored. Study was aimed to explore In-vitro and In-silico anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antifungal effects of bioactive compounds of above three medicinal plants. DPPH and ABTS assay were applied for assessment of antioxidant properties of compounds. Antibacterial properties of compounds were checked by agar well diffusion method. Brine shrimp lethality assay was performed to check cytotoxic effect of compounds. Molecular docking was conducted to investigate the binding efficacy between isolated compounds and targeted proteins. The compound isomangiferrin and tiliroside presented strong antioxidant potential 78.32% (± 0.213) and 77.77% (± 0.211) respectively in DPPH assay while harmaline showed 80.71% (± 0.072) at 200 µg/mL in ABTS assay. The compound harmine, harmaline and PH-HM 17 exhibited highest zone of inhibition 22 mm, 23 mm, 22 mm respectively against Xanthomonas while Irriflophenone-3-C-β- D-glucopyranoside showed maximum zone of inhibition 34 mm against E. coli. The compound isomangiferrin and vasicine contained strong antibacterial activity 32 mm and 22 mm respectively against S. aureus. The compound mangiferrin, astragalin, tiliroside, quercitin-3-O-rhamnoside showed maximum inhibitory zone 32 mm, 26 mm, 24 mm and 22 mm respectively against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Highest cytotoxic effect was observed by compound tiliroside i.e. 95% with LD50 value 73.59 µg/mL. The compound tiliroside showed the best binding mode of interaction to all targeted proteins presenting maximum hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The binding affinity of tiliroside was - 17.9, - 14.9, - 14.6, - 13.8, - 12.8 against different proteins 6VAR, 5C5S, IEA3, 2XV7 and 6LUS respectively. Bioactive compounds are significant natural antioxidants, which could help to prevent the progression of various diseases caused by free radicals. Based on molecular docking we have concluded that phytochemicals can have better anticancer and antiviral potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Khanum
- Department of Biology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
| | - Ilham Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Mustafa
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Kotb A Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Ahmed Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea.
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan.
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Ahmad F, Parvaiz N, MacKerell AD, Azam SS. Non-β Lactam Inhibitors of the Serine β-Lactamase blaCTX-M15 in Drug-Resistant Salmonella typhi. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6681-6695. [PMID: 37847018 PMCID: PMC10698858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance by bacterial pathogens against widely used β-lactam drugs is a major concern to public health worldwide, resulting in high healthcare cost. The present study aimed to extend previous research by investigating the potential activity of reported compounds against the S. typhi β-lactamase protein. 74 compounds from computational screening reported in our previous study against β-lactamase CMY-10 were subjected to docking studies against blaCTX-M15. Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS)-Monte Carlo (SILCS-MC) was applied to the top two ligands selected from molecular docking studies to predict and refine their conformations for binding conformations against blaCTX-M15. The SILCS-MC method predicted affinities of -8.6 and -10.7 kcal/mol for Top1 and Top2, respectively, indicating low micromolar binding to the blaCTX-M15 active site. MD simulations initiated from SILCS-MC docked orientations were carried out to better characterize the dynamics and stability of the complexes. Important interactions anchoring the ligand within the active site include pi-pi stacked, amide-pi, and pi-alkyl interactions. Simulations of the Top2-blaCTX-M15 complex exhibited stability associated with a wide range of hydrogen-bond and aromatic interactions between the protein and the ligand. Experimental β-lactamase (BL) activity assays showed that Top1 has 0.1 u/mg BL activity, and Top2 has a BL activity of 0.038 u/mg with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 mg/mL. The inhibitors proposed in this study are non-β-lactam-based β-lactamase inhibitors that exhibit the potential to be used in combination with β-lactam antibiotics against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates. Thus, Top1 and Top2 represent lead compounds that increase the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics with a low dose concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Ahmad
- Both authors contributed equally and can be considered as first author
- Computational Biology Lab, National Center for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Nousheen Parvaiz
- Both authors contributed equally and can be considered as first author
- Computational Biology Lab, National Center for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
| | - Alexander D. MacKerell
- Computer-Aided Drug Design Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Syed Sikander Azam
- Computational Biology Lab, National Center for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
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Mazhar M, Afzal M, Naveed M. Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Activities and In Silico Virtual Screening of Bioactive Compounds of
Trichodesma Indicum
(L) R. Br. Extracts. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Modasrah Mazhar
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology University of Central Punjab Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town Lahore Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology University of Central Punjab Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town Lahore Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Central Punjab Avenue 1, Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town Lahore Punjab Pakistan
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Nisa S, Bibi Y, Masood S, Ali A, Alam S, Sabir M, Qayyum A, Ahmed W, Alharthi S, Santali EY, Alharthy SA, Bawazir WM, Almashjary MN. Isolation, Characterization and Anticancer Activity of Two Bioactive Compounds from Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) Schott. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227932. [PMID: 36432033 PMCID: PMC9697112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants play important role in the public health sector worldwide. Natural products from medicinal plants are sources of unlimited opportunities for new drug leads because of their unique chemical diversity. Researchers have focused on exploring herbal products as potential sources for the treatment of cancer, cardiac and infectious diseases. Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) is an important medicinal plant found in the northwest Himalayan regions of Pakistan. It is a poisonous plant and is used as a remedy against snake bites and scorpion stings. In this study, two bioactive compounds were isolated from Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) and their anticancer activity was evaluated against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using an MTT assay. The crude extract of Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) was subjected to fractionation using different organic solvents in increasing order of polarity. The fraction indicating maximum activity was then taken for isolation of bioactive compounds using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques such as column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Crude extract of Arisaema flavum (Forssk.), as well as various fractions extracted in different solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate, were tested against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using an MTT assay. The crude extract exhibited significant dose-dependent anticancer activity with a maximum activity of 78.6% at 500 µg/mL concentration. Two compounds, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester with molecular formula C18H36O7 and molar mass 284 and 5-Oxo-19 propyl-docosanoic acid methyl ester with molecular formula C26H50O3 and molecular mass 410, were isolated from chloroform fraction. These compounds were tested against the MCF-7cell line for cytotoxic activity and exhibited a significant (p < 0.00l) decrease in cell numbers for MCF-7 cells with IC50 of 25 µM after 48 h of treatment. Results indicated that Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) possesses compounds with cytotoxic activity that can further be exploited to develop anticancer formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Nisa
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (A.A.)
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Masood
- Department of Statistics & Mathematics, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (A.A.)
| | - Sadia Alam
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Maimoona Sabir
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Sarah Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Advanced Research in Science and Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Y. Santali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif A. Alharthy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Toxicology and Forensic Sciences Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed M. Bawazir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed N. Almashjary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Animal House Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Aldughaylibi FS, Raza MA, Naeem S, Rafi H, Alam MW, Souayeh B, Farhan M, Aamir M, Zaidi N, Mir TA. Extraction of Bioactive Compounds for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antidiabetic Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185935. [PMID: 36144671 PMCID: PMC9503716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to check the potential of secondary metabolites of the selected plants; Citrullus colocynthis, Solanum nigrum, Solanum surattense, Calotropis procera, Agave americana, and Anagallis arvensis for antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antidiabetic agents. Plant material was soaked in ethanol/methanol to get the crude extract, which was further partitioned via solvent extraction technique. GCMS and FTIR analytical techniques were applied to check the compounds responsible for causing antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic activities. It was concluded that about 80% of studied extracts/fractions were active against α-amylase, ranging from 43 to 96%. The highest activity (96.63%) was exhibited by butanol fractions of A. arvensis while the least response (43.65%) was shown by the aqueous fraction of C. colocynthis and the methanol fraction of fruit of S. surattense. The highest antioxidant activity was shown by the ethyl acetate fraction of Anagallis arvensis (78.1%), while aqueous as well as n-hexane fractions are the least active throughout the assay. Results showed that all tested plants can be an excellent source of natural products with potential antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic potential. The biological response of these species is depicted as a good therapeutic agent, and, in the future, it can be encapsulated for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Asam Raza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.A.R.); (M.W.A.)
| | - Sumaira Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Humera Rafi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.R.); (M.W.A.)
| | - Basma Souayeh
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noushi Zaidi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Ahmad Mir
- Laboratory of Tissue/Organ Bioengineering and BioMEMS, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, Transplantation Research & Innovation (Dpt)-R, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Khan MM, Bhatti QA, Akhlaq M, Ishaq M, Ali D, Jalil A, Asghar J, Alarifi S, Elaissari A, Nokhodchi A. Assessment of Antimicrobial Potential of Plagiochasma rupestre Coupled with Healing Clay Bentonite and AGNPS. BioMed Research International 2022; 2022:1-12. [PMID: 35880032 PMCID: PMC9308554 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4264466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The impact of individual component, i.e., plant extract (Plagiochasma rupestre), biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and healing clay (bentonite) as antimicrobial agent is reported but their combined effect as a ternary system is a new approach. This study is aimed at investigating the impact of the proposed ternary system against selected human pathogens. AgNPs were synthesized by using Plagiochasma rupestre extract (aqueous) as reducing agent and neutral polymer (PVP) as stabilizer. The morphology, size, and structural properties of synthesized AgNPs were determined with XRD and SEM analysis which showed spherical monomodal particles with an average particle size of 25.5 nm. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the individual and nanoternary system were investigated. The phytochemical screening of plant extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, and glycosides in methanol extract as compare to aqueous and acetone extract. The antimicrobial activities of crude extracts of Plagiochasma rupestre with AgNPs and bentonite clay were studied as an appropriate candidate for treatment of microbial infections, especially bacterial and fungal diseases. The antioxidant activity of Plagiochasma rupestre aqueous extract and nanoparticles was assessed by (DPPH) free radical, and absorbance was checked at 517 nm. Crude extract has inhibitory effect towards bacteria and fungi, and bentonite clay also showed some degree of antimicrobial resistance. Strategy can be efficiently applied for future engineering and medical. The nanoternary systems showed 3 and 3.5 times higher antibacterial and antifungal activity, respectively, in comparison to Plagiochasma rupestre and bentonite clay, individually.
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Rauf A, Bawazeer S, Herrera-bravo J, Raza M, Naz H, Gul S, Muhammad N, Almarhoon ZM, Mabkhot YN, Ramadan MF, Setzer WN, Daştan SD, Mahmud S, Sharifi-rad J, Pascarella S. Potent In Vitro Phosphodiesterase 1 Inhibition of Flavone Isolated from Pistacia integerrima Galls. BioMed Research International 2022; 2022:1-6. [PMID: 35083331 PMCID: PMC8786535 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
To prospect an isozyme-specific, effective inhibitor against the physiologically-crucial enzyme phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1), phytochemicals from Pistacia integerrima galls were screened. The chloroform fraction of gall extract was subjected to column chromatographic which led to the isolation of compound 1, elucidated to be 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (a flavone). In vitro and in silico PDE1 inhibitory activity of the compound 1 was investigated. EDTA, a known PDE1 inhibitor, was used as the reference. The flavone exhibited in vitro attenuation towards snake venom PDE1. IC50 response was superior to the standard chelator. An in silico molecular docking study was carried out using 3D structure of PDE1 to study the binding interactions of compound 1. The docking study predicted that flavone had a lower binding affinity (-7.6 kcal/mol) and total energy (-95 kcal/mol) score compared to EDTA. The minimal energy associated with the ligand-protein complex implied that isolated compound 1 can serve as a therapeutic agent against PDE1 enzyme-provoked ailments like asthma, hypertension, schizophrenia, and erectile dysfunction.
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Nisa S, Shoukat M, Bibi Y, Al Ayoubi S, Shah W, Masood S, Sabir M, Asma Bano S, Qayyum A. Therapeutic prospects of endophytic Bacillus species from Berberis lycium against oxidative stress and microbial pathogens. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:287-295. [PMID: 35002421 PMCID: PMC8716895 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytes are microorganisms residing within plant tissues. Bacterial endophytes are important sources for production of pharmaceutically important metabolites. Berberis lycium is an important medicinal plant and there exist no report regarding isolation and determination of bioactive potential of its bacterial endophytes. Therefore the present study was aimed to isolate and identify bacterial endophytes from Berberis lycium. The study resulted in isolation of 20 strains of bacterial endophytes. Based on their antibacterial activity three strains were identified as Bacillus cereus (LBL6), Bacillus thuringiensis (SBL3) and Bacillus anthracis (SBL4) on basis of 16SrRNA gene using universal primers. Crude ethyl acetate extracts of LBL6, SBL3 and SBL4 were further evaluated for antioxidant and antifungal activities. Moderate antioxidant activity (56 %) at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL was observed for LBL6 followed by 45 and 43 % activity by SBL4 and SBL3 respectively. Significant antifungal activity was observed against Aspergillus niger (60 %) and Aspergillus flavus (56 %) at concentration of 4 mg/mL of SBL3 and SBL4 respectively. GCMS analysis of extract (LBL6) exhibited presence of 12 bioactive secondary metabolites corresponding to antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, antitumor and anticancer activities. In conclusion, present study highlighted the importance of Berberis lycium to host diverse bacterial endophytes of pharmaceutical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Nisa
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620 Pakistan
| | - Mubarra Shoukat
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620 Pakistan
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300 Pakistan
| | - Samha Al Ayoubi
- Department of General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Rafha Street, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Masood
- Department of Statistics & Mathematics, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300 Pakistan
| | - Maimoona Sabir
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620 Pakistan
| | - Syeda Asma Bano
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620 Pakistan
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Mehta J, Rolta R, Dev K. Role of medicinal plants from North Western Himalayas as an efflux pump inhibitor against MDR AcrAB-TolC Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium: In vitro and In silico studies. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114589. [PMID: 34492321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zingiber officinale Roscoe has been utilized traditionally to cure various diseases like cold, cough, diarrhoea, nausea, asthma, vomiting, toothache, stomach upset, respiratory disorders, joint pain, and throat infection. It is also consumed as spices and ginger tea. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study was aimed to identify the phytocompounds of traditional medicinal plants of North-Western Himalaya that could inhibit the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump activity of Salmonella typhimurium and become sensitive to antibiotic killing at reduced dosage. MATERIAL AND METHODS Medicinal plant extracts were prepared using methanol, aqueous, and ethyl acetate and tested for efflux pump inhibitory activity of Salmonella typhimurium NKS70, NKS174, and NKS773 strains using Ethidium Bromide (EtBr)-agar cartwheel assay. Synergism was assessed by the agar well diffusion method and EPI activity by berberine uptake and EtBr efflux inhibition assays. Microdilution method and checkerboard assays were done to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) respectively for a bioactive compound. To validate the phytocompound and efflux pump interaction, molecular docking with 6IE8 (RamA) and 6IE9 (RamR) targets was done using autoDock vina software. Toxicity prediction and drug-likeness were predicted by using ProTox-II and Molinspiration respectively. RESULTS Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of P. integerrima, O. sanctum, C. asiatica, M. charantia, Z. officinale, and W. somnifera in combination with ciprofloxacin and tetracycline showed synergistic antimicrobial activity with GIIs of 0.61-1.32 and GIIs 0.56-1.35 respectively. Methanolic extract of Z. officinal enhanced the antimicrobial potency of berberine (2 to 4-folds) and increased the EtBr accumulation. Furthermore, bioassay-guided fractionation leads to the identification of lariciresinol in ethyl acetate fraction, which decreased the MIC by 2-to 4-folds. The ΣFIC values varied from 0.30 to 0.55 with tetracycline, that indicated synergistic/additive effects. Lariciresinol also showed a good binding affinity with 6IE8 (-7.4 kcal mol-1) and 6IE9 (-8.2 kcal mol-1), which is comparable to tetracycline and chenodeoxycholic acid. Lariciresinol followed Lipinski's rule of five. CONCLUSION The data suggest that lariciresinol from Z. officinale could be a potential efflux pump inhibitor that could lead to effective killing of drug resistant Salmonella typhimurium at lower MIC. Molecular docking confirmed the antibacterial EPI mechanism of lariciresinol in Salmonella typhimurium and confirmed to be safe for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Mehta
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, PO Sultanpur, District Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Rajan Rolta
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, PO Sultanpur, District Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kamal Dev
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, PO Sultanpur, District Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Ishaque M, Bibi Y, Qayyum A. Fruits of Rosa brunonii Lindle: An Ethnomedicinal Plant from Foothills of Himalaya with Antibacterial, Antitumor and Cytotoxic Properties. Arab J Sci Eng 2022; 47:155-163. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sadaf HM, Bibi Y, Ishaque M, Nisa S, Qayyum A, Safdar N, Shah ZH, Alsamadany H, Chung G. Determination of ROS Scavenging, Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Methanolic Extract of Otostegia limbata (Benth.) Boiss. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112360. [PMID: 34834723 PMCID: PMC8625134 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wide spectrum medicinal significance augments plant utilization as the primary source of significant pharmaceutical agents. In vitro investigation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity highlights the therapeutic potential of Otostegia limbata. Methanol extract of the plant (MEP) shows considerable dose dependent antioxidant ability at six concentrations (7.81 µg/mL to 250 µg/mL) in 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, phosphomolybdate assay (PMA) and reducing power assay (RPA). The plant capability to scavenge free radicals in the mixture ranged from 37.89% to 63.50% in a concentration-dependent manner. MEP was active against five tested bacterial strains in the agar-well diffusion method. Staphylococcus aureus, gram-positive bacteria was found to be most susceptible followed by S. epidermidis with 18.80 mm and 17.47 mm mean zone of inhibition. The mean inhibition zone against gram-negative strains Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli were 15.07 mm, 14.73 mm, and 12.17 mm. MEP revealed potential against Alternaria spp. and Aspergillus terreus fungal strains evaluated through agar-tube dilution assay. Aspergillus terreus was more sensitive than Alternaria spp. with an average 78.45% and 68.0% inhibition. These findings can serve as a benchmark for forthcoming scrutiny such as bioactive components discovery and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Mehreen Sadaf
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (H.M.S.); (Y.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Yamin Bibi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (H.M.S.); (Y.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Muhammad Ishaque
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (H.M.S.); (Y.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Sobia Nisa
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan;
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Naila Safdar
- Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Zahid Hussain Shah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan;
| | - Hameed Alsamadany
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gyuhwa Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Chonnam, Korea
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Khawaja H, Fazal N, Yaqub F, Ahmad MR, Hanif M, Yousaf MA, Latief N. Protective and proliferative effect of Aesculus indica extract on stressed human adipose stem cells via downregulation of NF-κB pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258762. [PMID: 34679084 PMCID: PMC8535185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory microenvironment after transplantation affects the proliferation and causes senescence of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) thus compromising their clinical efficacy. Priming stem cells with herbal extracts is considered very promising to improve their viability in the inflammatory milieu. Aesculus indica (A. indica) is used to treat many inflammatory diseases in Asia for decades. Herein, we explored the protective role of A. indica extract on human adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hADMSCs) against Monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA) induced stress in vitro. A. indica ameliorated the injury as depicted by significantly enhanced proliferation, viability, improved cell migration and superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, reduced lactate dehydrogenase activity, reactive oxygen species release, senescent and apoptotic cells were detected in A. indica primed hADMSCs. Downregulation of NF-κB pathway and associated inflammatory genes, NF-κB p65/RelA and p50/NF-κB 1, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 1 (IL-1β), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) were observed in A. indica primed hADMSCs as compared to stressed hADMSCs. Complementary to gene expression, A. indica priming reduced the release of transcription factor p65, inhibitory-κB kinase (IKK) α and β, IL-1β and TNF-α proteins expression. Our data elucidates that A. indica extract preconditioning rescued hADMSCs against oxidative stress and improved their therapeutic potential by relieving inflammation through regulation of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Khawaja
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Numan Fazal
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Yaqub
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rauf Ahmad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzaffar Hanif
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amin Yousaf
- Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Burn & Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Latief
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail: ,
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Iqbal MS, Ahmad KS, Ali MA, Akbar M, Mehmood A, Nawaz F, Hussain SA, Arshad N, Munir S, Arshad H, Shahbaz K, Bussmann RW. An ethnobotanical study of wetland flora of Head Maralla Punjab Pakistan. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258167. [PMID: 34648500 PMCID: PMC8516287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wetlands are biologically diverse and highly productive ecosystems that support one-third of all threatened and endangered plants of the world. Wetland plants have been studied ethnobotanically much less than terrestrial plants, including in Pakistan, thus information about the uses of local wetland plants in traditional healthcare system is scare. Head Maralla is a non-recognized wetland with diversified flora that has been focused of the current study. METHODS The ethnobotanical data were collected from four sites viz., River Tavi, Upstream Chenab, River Manawarwala Tavi, and Bhalolpur through questionnaire and interviews during field trips. Quantitative indices including informant consensus factor (ICF), cultural significant indext (CSI), relative frequency of citation (RFC), and use value (UV) were used to analyze the data. RESULTS On the whole, 119 plant species were identified belonging to 54 families, of which 87 species were dicot, 12 monocots, 11 aquatic, 5 ferns, and 4 species were bryophytes. Of these, 50% of the plant species were utilized for therapeutic purposes, followed by leaves which had more than 20% usage of total consumption. Herbs were the primary source of medicine (73 spp) followed by trees (22 spp), weeds (11 spp), shrubs (9 spp), foliose (2 spp) and thaloids (2 spp) in the area. Fic ranged from 0.66 to 0.93 for constipation and respiratory disorders with an average Fic of 0.87 reflecting a high consensus among the informants about the use of plants to treat particular ailment. Major ailments viz., urination (14%), cough (8.40%), cold (6.70%), stomach (5.90%), asthma (5.90%), skin infection (5%), constipation (5%), and diarrhea (4%) etc., were treated with local plant recipes. The highest CSI value was found for A. vesica (7.55) widely used in respiratory disorders and in digestive problems. RFC ranged from 0.92 to 0.15 with the maximum value obtained for R. communis (0.95). The use values ranged from 0.03 to 0.90 with the maximum use value for R. communis (0.90). A positive correlation was found between CSI and RFC (r = 0.29), and CSI and UV (r = 0.29). The JI values ranged from 7.14 to 0.14 indicating strong affinity with Samahani valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Unique species Osmunda regalis was first time reported from Pakistan with novel uses for renal and blood purifier. Fifteen percent (15%) plants contribute as fodder species consumed by local community for livestock while almost 6.7% species were utilized for timber and fuel purposes. CONCLUSION The ecosystem of Head Maralla provide a complex habitat for aqauatic, terrestrial, and agriculture wetland vegetation. It is suggested that conservation efforts should be made to conserve the ethnoecological knowledge of these areas and pharmacological studies should be conducted for noval drug synthesis in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Muhammad Akbar
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Mehmood
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Nawaz
- Institute of Crop Science (340h), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Agronomy, MNS, University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Noshia Arshad
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Saba Munir
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Hamna Arshad
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Khizra Shahbaz
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Rainer W. Bussmann
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, La Paz, Bolivia
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Chandra G, Mukherjee D, Ray AS, Chatterjee S, Bhattacharjee I. Phytoextracts as Antibacterials: A Review. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 17:523-533. [PMID: 31702527 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666191106103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Botanicals have been cultured to flavour food, to treat health disorders and to put a stop to diseases caused by various microorganisms. The awareness of curative features of different medicinal plants has been spread among human communities. The application of herbal products as antimicrobial agents may be a better choice for the extensive and imprudent use of synthetic antibiotics. World Health Organization recommended traditional medicines as the safest remedies for the treatment of diseases of microbial origin. The plant extracts are generally nonhazardous, available in plenty at reasonable prices, biodegradable, eco-friendly and sometimes show broad-spectrum activities against different microorganisms. The current knowledge on plant extracts, phytochemicals and their antibacterial activity, target specific mechanism of action, solvents deployed during extraction, properties of an active ingredient isolated may help in biological control of bacteria. Antimicrobial properties of different plant parts, which act in a low dose, have been organised separately for easy understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Chandra
- Mosquito Microbiology and Nanotechnology Research Units, Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Devaleena Mukherjee
- Mosquito Microbiology and Nanotechnology Research Units, Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Anushree Singha Ray
- Mosquito Microbiology and Nanotechnology Research Units, Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Soroj Chatterjee
- Mosquito Microbiology and Nanotechnology Research Units, Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Bhattacharjee
- Mosquito Microbiology and Nanotechnology Research Units, Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
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15
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Kant K, Lal UR, Rawat R, Kumar A, Ghosh M. Genus Arisaema: A Review of Traditional Importance, Chemistry and Biological Activities. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 23:624-648. [PMID: 32297572 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200416150754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Arisaema (Araceae) is a genus of approximately 180 perennial herbs widely distributed in the evergreen and deciduous forests. This genus (Arisaema) has been used as a medicinal agent since ancient times. Experimental investigations have shown a promising positive correlation with its folklore claim and this encourages us to report updated medicinal review (genus Arisaema) for future research. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to summarize the ethnobotany, folklore uses, chemistry and biological activities. CONCLUSION The comprehensive literature on genus Arisaema indicates the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, and glycosphingolipids as the principal chemical constituents. Additionally, phytosterols, alkaloids, carboline derivatives and miscellaneous compounds were documented in plants of genus Arisaema. Biological investigations led to the credentials of antioxidant, anticancer, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anthelmintic and hepatoprotective activities. Following, several plant species are promising candidates for the treatment of cancer, parasitic diseases and microbial infection complications. Though, a lot of facets of this genus like phytoconstituents identification, mechanistic profile, adverse effects and clinical studies are still quite limited. Thus, this systematic review may act as a powerful tool in future studies for promoting health benefits against various health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Uma R Lal
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Ravi Rawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Manik Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
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Bhatia P, Sharma A, George AJ, Anvitha D, Kumar P, Dwivedi VP, Chandra NS. Antibacterial activity of medicinal plants against ESKAPE: An update. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06310. [PMID: 33718642 PMCID: PMC7920328 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a threat to global health, food security, and development today. Antibiotic resistance can occur naturally but mainly due to misuse or overuse of antibiotics, which results in recalcitrant infections and Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) among bacterial pathogens. These mainly include the MDR strains (multi-drug resistant) of ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). These bacterial pathogens have the potential to “escape” antibiotics and other traditional therapies. These bacterial pathogens are responsible for the major cases of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAI) globally. ESKAPE Pathogens have been placed in the list of 12 bacteria by World Health Organisation (WHO), against which development of new antibiotics is vital. It not only results in prolonged hospital stays but also higher medical costs and higher mortality. Therefore, new antimicrobials need to be developed to battle the rapidly evolving pathogens. Plants are known to synthesize an array of secondary metabolites referred as phytochemicals that have disease prevention properties. Potential efficacy and minimum to no side effects are the key advantages of plant-derived products, making them suitable choices for medical treatments. Hence, this review attempts to highlight and discuss the application of plant-derived compounds and extracts against ESKAPE Pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Bhatia
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Anushka Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Abhilash J George
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - D Anvitha
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Pragya Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Ved Prakash Dwivedi
- Immunobiology Group, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Nidhi S Chandra
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
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Bawazeer S, Rauf A, Rahman KU, Ali J, Uddin G, Begum F, Mubarak MS, Ramadan MF. Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial Potential of Silver/Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Debregeasia salicifolia D. Don. J Pure Appl Microbiol 2020; 14:2513-2523. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.4.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to detect various secondary metabolites in the extract of Debregeasia salicifolia, and to synthesize stable silver/gold nanoparticles (Ag/AuNPs) from D. salicifolia methanol crude extract. The antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of the methanol crude extract, various isolated fractions, and the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated. Phytochemical analyses of the methanol extract/fractions indicated the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, coumarins, emodins, and soluble starch. Gold and silver nanoparticles have been subsequently synthesized from the methanol crude extract by green synthesis, and characterized by UV and IR spectroscopic techniques. Size of the particles was determined with the aid of an atomic force microscope (AFM). The results revealed that the size of AuNPs was 5-100 nm, and that of AgNPs was in the range 5-100 nm. Bioactivity screening revealed that chloroform and n-hexane fractions exhibited significant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) radical scavenging potential against quercetin. Additionally, the extract/fractions and AuNPs were also subjected to antimicrobial activity screening against a number of strains of microbes. Among extracts, n-hexane fraction showed good antifungal activity as compared to other fractions, whereas in the case of anti-bacterial activity, extract and fractions were active against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strain. AuNPs were exhibited moderate activity against all tested bacterial strains.
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Njeru SN, Muema JM. Antimicrobial activity, phytochemical characterization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Aspilia pluriseta Schweinf. extracts. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05195. [PMID: 33083626 PMCID: PMC7551365 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspilia pluriseta is associated with various bioactivities, although with limited scientific justification. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity, and characterized the phytochemicals of root extracts of A. pluriseta aimed at validating its therapeutic potential. We used BACTEC MGIT™ 960 system to test for antitubercular activity, disc-diffusion together with the microdilution method to evaluate antimicrobial activities and qualitative phytochemical tests together with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to determine the phytochemicals that associated with A. pluriseta extracts activity. We show that methanolic crude extract (at 1 g/mL) had high Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) inhibitory activity (0 growth unit) and considerable potency against Escherichia coli (11.7 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (9.0 mm), and Candida albicans (7.7 mm). All the extract fractions exerted remarkable antimycobacterial activities with minimum inhibitory activity of between 6.26 – 25 μg/mL. The highest antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether and dichloromethane fraction was against E. coli at inhibition zone diameters of 8.3 mm, and 8.0 mm, respectively, while ethyl acetate fraction was against S. aureus with an inhibition zone of 8.7 mm. Methanolic fraction exhibited broad-spectrum activity against 87.5% of the tested microbes (inhibition zones 6.3–8.3 mm). Furthermore, we qualitatively detected terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolics such as flavonoids, and anthraquinones in extract fractions. GC-MS analysis detected an abundance of fatty acid esters, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester-hexadecanoic acid, and 2,3-dihydroxy propyl ester-octadecanoic acid and four alkanes. Taken together, we show that A. pluriseta extract fractions (especially ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions) have strong selective antitubercular activity, and thus, we scientifically validate the use of A. pluriseta as a potential source for the discovery of novel antitubercular agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sospeter N Njeru
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Health Sciences, Kisii University, PO Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Jackson M Muema
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), PO Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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Mohamed EH, Alghamdi YS, Mostafa Abdel-Hafez S, Soliman MM, Alotaibi SH, Hassan MY, Hany NAD, Amer HH. Susceptibility Assessment of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria to Natural Products. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820936189. [PMID: 32669983 PMCID: PMC7338649 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820936189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of some natural compounds
against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Methods: Forty-three bacterial strains were collected. Disc diffusion and minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were carried out for natural compounds
including quercetin, Acacia nilotica, Syzygium
aromaticum, and Holothuria atra. Scanning
electron microscope analysis and bacterial DNA apoptosis assays were
performed. Results: Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to imipenim,
ampicillin, and penicillin. Most Escherichia coli strains
were resistant to amoxicillin, clavulanat, and ampicillin. Finally,
tigecycline was effective with Klebsiella pneumoniae and
was resistant to all antibiotics. Only S aromaticum had an
antibacterial effect on K pneumoniae. Most S
aureus strains were sensitive to S aromaticum,
A nilotica, and quercetin. All examined natural
extracts had no effect on E coli. Holothuria
atra had no effect on any of the strains tested. Minimum
inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values for
examined plants against S aureus were 6.25 to 12, 1.6 to
3.2, and 9.12 to 18.24 mg/mL, respectively. Syzygium
aromaticum was active against K pneumoniae
with an MIC of 12.5 mg/mL. Scanning electron microscope analysis performed
after 24 and 48 hours of incubation showed bacterial strains with distorted
shapes and severe cell wall damage. Syzygium aromaticum,
quercetin, and A nilotica showed clear fragmentations of
S aureus DNA. Conclusions: Current findings confirmed the beneficial effect of using natural products
such as clove (S aromaticum), quercetin, and A
nilotica as a promising therapy to overcome multidrug resistant
bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Salama Mostafa Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Immunobiology and Immunopharmacology Unit, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratories Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Saad H Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy Yassin Hassan
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Reproductive Disease Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Hamada H Amer
- Chemistry Department, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
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Al Aboody MS. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Caryota urens Against Dengue Causing Vector Aedes aegypti. J Pure Appl Microbiol 2020; 14:1329-1336. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The Bergenia species are perennial herbs native to central Asia, and one of the most promising medicinal plants of the family Saxifragaceae which are popularly known as 'Pashanbheda'. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant and α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, tyrosinase, elastase, and cholinesterases inhibition potential of Bergenia pacumbis of Nepali origin collected from the Karnali region of Nepal. METHODS The sequential crude extracts were made in hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water. Antioxidant activities were analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay. The α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, tyrosinase, elastase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition were analyzed by the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), p-Nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG), 4-nitrophenyl butyrate (p-NPB), l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), N-Succinyl-Ala-Ala-p-nitroanilide (AAAPVN), acetylthiocholine, and butyrylcholine as a respective substrate. The major metabolites were identified by high performance liquid chromatography with electron spray ionization- quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) profiling. RESULTS Our results revealed the great antioxidant ability of crude extract of B. pacumbis in ethyl acetate extract against both DPPH (IC50 = 30.14 ± 0.14 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 17.38 ± 1.12 μg/mL). However, the crude methanol extract of B. pacumbis showed the comparable enzymes inhibitions with standard drugs; α-amylase (IC50 = 14.03 ± 0.04 μg/mL), α-glucosidase (IC50 = 0.29 ± 0.00 μg/mL), lipase (IC50 = 67.26 ± 0.17 μg/mL), tyrosinase (IC50 = 58.25 ± 1.63 μg/mL), elastase (IC50 = 74.00 ± 3.03 μg/mL), acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 31.52 ± 0.58 μg/mL), and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 11.69 ± 0.14 μg/mL). On the basis of HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS profiling of metabolites, we identified major compounds such as Bergenin, Catechin, Arbutin, Gallic acid, Protocatechuic acid, Syringic acid, Hyperoside, Afzelechin, Methyl gallate, Paashaanolactone, Astilbin, Quercetin, Kaempferol-7-O-glucoside, Diosmetin, Phloretin, and Morin in methanol extract which has reported beneficial bioactivities. CONCLUSION Our study provides a plethora of scientific evidence that the crude extracts of B. pacumbis from Nepalese origin in different extracting solvents have shown significant potential on inhibiting free radicals as well as enzymes involved in digestion, skin related problems, and neurological disorders compared with the commercially available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Prasad Pandey
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, PO Box No. 6250, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
| | - Suman Prakash Pradhan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, PO Box No. 6250, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Kapil Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, PO Box No. 6250, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Saroj Nepal
- H-plant Private Limited, Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal
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Khan I, Ali JS, Ul-haq I, Zia M. Biological and Phytochemicals Properties of Monotheca buxifolia: An Unexplored Medicinal Plant. Pharm Chem J 2020; 54:293-301. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Onoja SO, Nnadi CO, Udem SC, Anaga AO. Potential antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of a heliangolide sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Helianthus annuus L. leaves. Acta Pharm 2020; 70:215-26. [PMID: 31955145 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2020-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Heliangolide is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone and its derivatives are biologically active compounds present in most medicinal plants. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of a heliangolide sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Helianthus annuus L. leaves. The heliangolide sesquiterpene lactone was isolated through a combination of solvent-solvent partitioning, column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. The antioxidant activity of the compound was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays while the antidiabetic effects were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The heliangolide derivative at the concentration of 954.2 µmol L-1 showed 23.7 % DPPH and 26 % nitric oxide radical inhibitions compared with 96.6 and 50.9 %, resp., displayed by the controls (2,271.2 µmol L-1). It also reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in a time-dependent manner. The highest activity was recorded within 6 h post-treatment at 0.2 mmol kg-1 bm. The heliangolide derivative exhibited significant (p < 0.05) antioxidant and antidiabetic properties and provides a basis for further development of constituents of Helianthus annuus leaves for the management of such diseases.
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Begum G, Dastagir G, Rauf A, Bawazeer S, Rahman KU, Ramadan MF. Pharmacognostic characteristics and phytochemical profile of various parts of Parthenium hysterophorus. Rend Fis Acc Lincei 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-020-00911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nisa S, Khan N, Shah W, Sabir M, Khan W, Bibi Y, Jahangir M, Haq IU, Alam S, Qayyum A. Identification and Bioactivities of Two Endophytic Fungi Fusarium fujikuroi and Aspergillus tubingensis from Foliar Parts of Debregeasia salicifolia. Arab J Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bonomo MG, Cafaro C, Russo D, Calabrone L, Milella L, Saturnino C, Capasso A, Salzano G. Antimicrobial Activity, Antioxidant Properties and Phytochemical Screening of Aesculus hippocastanum Mother Tincture against Food-borne Bacteria. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666181108114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The advantageous health effects of extracts from different types of plants
have been known for centuries and the search for new natural extracts is very important at present.
Methods:
In this study, the antioxidant and the antimicrobial activities of Aesculus hippocastanum
mother tincture (TM) against a range of foodborne bacteria were investigated to determine the major
components and the action spectrum and the antimicrobial efficacy of the extract.
Results:
Results demonstrated a high antioxidant ability; total polyphenolic content was 506.8 ±
15.2mg GAE/100ml and the highest content was found for flavonoids. Moreover, TM demonstrated
the antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria and all Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive
with an high antimicrobial activity. The inhibitory activity showed a moderate effect on the growth
of 72.7% of strains in presence of different extract MIC.
Conclusion:
The synergistic actions of bioactive compounds detected in the TM might be on the
basis of the antioxidant and biological activities observed. These results can be applied in the
pharmaceutical field and also in food preservation, alternative medicine and natural therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Bonomo
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Caterina Cafaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Daniela Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Luana Calabrone
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Milella
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Anna Capasso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universita degli Studi di Salerno - Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Giovanni Salzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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Zafar R, Ullah H, Zahoor M, Sadiq A. Isolation of bioactive compounds from Bergenia ciliata (haw.) Sternb rhizome and their antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:296. [PMID: 31694704 PMCID: PMC6833214 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Bergenia ciliata is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of diarrhea, vomiting, fever, cough, diabetes, cancer, pulmonary disorders and wound healing. Methods In this study, Bergenia ciliata crude extract, subfractions, and isolated compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential. The free radical scavenging capacities of the extracts determined using DPPH and ABTS assays. The anticholinesterase potentials were determined using acetylcholine esterase and butyryl choline esterase enzymes. To determine the phytochemical composition, the extracts were subjected to HPLC analysis and silica gel column isolation. Based on HPLC fingerprinting results, the ethyl acetate fraction was found to have more bioactive compounds and was therefore subjected to silica gel column isolation. As a result, three compounds; pyrogallol, rutin, and morin were isolated in the pure state. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques like 1H-NMR, IR and UV-Visible. Results The crude extract showed maximum anticholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase = 90.22 ± 1.15% and butyrylcholinesterase = 88.22 ± 0.71%) and free radical scavenging (87.37 ± 2.45 and 83.50 ± 0.70% respectively against DPPH and ABTS radicals) potentials. The total phenolic contents (expressed as equivalent of gallic acid; mgGAE/g) were higher in ethyl acetate fraction (80.96 ± 1.74) followed by crude extract (70.65 ± 0.86) while the flavonoid contents (expressed as quercetin equivalent; mgQE/g) and were higher in crude extract (88.40 ± 1.12) followed by n-butanol fraction (60.10 ± 1.86). The isolated bioactive compounds pyrogallol, rutin, and morin were found active against ABTS and DPPH free radicals. Amongst them, pyrogallol was more active against both free radicals. Reasonable anticholinesterase activities were recorded for pyrogallol against selected enzymes. Conclusion The extracts and isolated compounds showed antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potentials. It was concluded that this plant could be helpful in the treatment of oxidative stress and neurological disorders if used in the form of extracts.
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Arshad MS, Imran M, Ahmed A, Sohaib M, Ullah A, Nisa MU, Hina G, Khalid W, Rehana H. Tamarind: A diet-based strategy against lifestyle maladies. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3378-3390. [PMID: 31762991 PMCID: PMC6848808 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The modern-day review article is an exquisite attempt to demonstrate the extreme therapeutic potential of tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica), particularly its pulp, seed, and leaf extract, against lifestyle-related chronic disorders. The rapid transition in the diet patterns and also the varying lifestyle of the people has made its way forth, a momentous upsurge in a number of chronic as well as degenerative diseases. An excess of foods having functional and nutraceutical significance has come into view recently. These foods have emerged as effective therapeutical remedies against these disorders owing to their natural phytochemical constituents present in them, in abundance. Tamarindus indica serves as a proverbial herbal medicine in each and every part of the world that is known to mankind. Also, the tamarind kernel powder (TKP) is of immense commercial significance in some of the major, leading industries of the World. The derivation of an important gel-forming substance (polysaccharide), named as "jellose," from the decorticated seed kernels of tamarind fruit has led to the manufacture of pectin. It is used in industrial scale in the preparation of various products like jams, jellies, and most important in the preparation of cheese. It plays an evident role as a stabilizer of commercial significance, and it has also been greatly recommend by the scientists to be used as a potent ingredient in a range of pharmaceutical products. The leaves of tamarind plant are also used as part of the daily diet in several countries where they are readily consumed in fresh form and especially during drought season.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Diet and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohaib
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Veterinary and animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Azmat Ullah
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Veterinary and animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Mehr un Nisa
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Gule Hina
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Hafiza Rehana
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
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Almubayedh H, Ahmad R. Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities of Debregeasia salicifolia: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 231:179-186. [PMID: 30453051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Debregeasia salicifolia Rendle (DS) is used traditionally for the treatment of several diseases including; urinary system diseases, bone fractures, boils, diarrhea accompanied with blood, carbuncles, pimples, dermatitis, skin rash, eczema, and tumors. Additionally, it is used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent. AIM OF THE STUDY To document up to date information regarding D. salicifolia and link the traditional uses with its reported pharmacological evidences. The review covers taxonomy, distribution, traditional uses, active phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities for DS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The electronic databases such as Google Scholar, E-Resource Portal of Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Scopus, PubMed, Springer Link, etc. as well as textbooks were used to gather all relevant information about DS. RESULTS Ethnomedicinal studies revealed a wide use of DS for various traditional purposes in the south Asian community. The uses for diarrhea, cancer, urinary complaints and skin diseases were supported by pharmacological studies. In-vitro pharmacological studies confirmed its therapeutic activities e.g. antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant. Moreover, analgesic and anti-diarrheal activities were also established in animal's in-vivo activities. Despite enormous literature regarding DS, the main focus of research and interest was antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis proved the presence of various classes of phytochemicals in DS extract; triterpenes, phytosterols, tannins, flavonoids and anthraquinone. CONCLUSION Though most of the traditional uses for the plant were supported by in-vitro and in-vivo pharmacological studies, however lack of clinical trials and shortage of in-depth mechanistic in-vivo studies was noted in the review. Hence, more elaborative in-vivo studies with quality clinical trials may be focused in order to confirm the safety and efficacy of reported activities in humans which will help explore the plant's therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Almubayedh
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Sumaira, Siddique Afridi M, Salman Hashmi S, Ali GS, Zia M, Haider Abbasi B. Comparative antileishmanial efficacy of the biosynthesised ZnO NPs from genus Verbena. IET Nanobiotechnol 2018; 12:1067-1073. [PMID: 30964015 PMCID: PMC8676150 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes ZnO NPs biosynthesis using leaf extracts of Verbena officinalis and Verbena tenuisecta. The extracts serve as natural reducing, capping and stabilization facilitators. Plant extracts phytochemical analysis, revealed that V. officinalis showed higher total phenolic and flavonoid content (22.12 and 6.38 mg g -1 DW) as compared to V. tennuisecta (12.18 and 2.7 mg g -1 DW). ZnO NPs were characterised by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray. TEM analysis of ZnO NPs reveals rod and flower shapes and were in the range of 65-75 and 14-31 nm, for V. tenuisecta and V. officinalis, respectively. Bio-potential of ZnO NPs was examined through their leishmanicidal potential against Leishmania tropica. ZnO NPs showed potent leishmanicidal activity with 250 µg ml-1 being the most potent concentration. V. officinalis mediated ZnO NPs showed more potent leishmanicidal activity compared to V. tenuisecta mediated ZnO NPs due to their smaller size and increased phenolics doped onto its surface. These results can be a step forward towards the development of novel compounds that can efficiently replace the current medication schemes for leishmaniasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Salman Hashmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Gul Shad Ali
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 2725 Binion Road, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Khan MF, Tang H, Lyles JT, Pineau R, Mashwani ZUR, Quave CL. Antibacterial Properties of Medicinal Plants From Pakistan Against Multidrug-Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:815. [PMID: 30116190 PMCID: PMC6082950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Local people in the Sudhnoti district of Pakistan share a rich practice of traditional medicine for the treatment of a variety of ailments. We selected nine plants from the Sudhnoti ethnopharmacological tradition used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disease. Our aim was to evaluate the in vitro anti-infective potential of extracts from these species against multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) pathogens. Plant specimens were collected in the Sudhnoti district of Pakistan and vouchers deposited in Pakistan and the USA. Dried bulk specimens were ground into a fine powder and extracted by aqueous decoction and maceration in ethanol. Extracts were assessed for growth inhibitory activity against ESKAPE pathogens and biofilm and quorum sensing activity was assessed in Staphylococcus aureus. Cytotoxicity to human cells was assessed via a lactate dehydrogenase assay of treated human keratinocytes (HaCaTs). Four ethanolic extracts (Zanthoxylum armatum, Adiantum capillus-venaris, Artemisia absinthium, and Martynia annua) inhibited the growth of MDR strains of ESKAPE pathogens (IC50: 256 μg mL-1). All extracts, with the exception of Pyrus pashia and M. annua, exhibited significant quorum quenching in a reporter strain for S. aureus agr I. The ethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruits (Extract 1290) inhibited quorum sensing (IC50 32-256 μg mL-1) in S. aureus reporter strains for agr I-III. The quorum quenching activity of extract 1290 was validated by detection of δ-toxin in the bacterial supernatant, with concentrations of 64-256 μg mL-1 sufficient to yield a significant drop in δ-toxin production. None of the extracts inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation at sub-inhibitory concentrations for growth. All extracts were well tolerated by human keratinocytes (LD50 ≥ 256 μg mL-1). Chemical analysis of extract 1290 by liquid chromatography-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (LC-FTMS) revealed the presence of 29 compounds, including eight with putative structural matches. In conclusion, five out of the nine selected anti-infective medicinal plants exhibited growth inhibitory activity against at least one MDR ESKAPE pathogen at concentrations not harmful to human keratinocytes. Furthermore, Z. armatum was identified as a source of quorum quenching natural products and further bioassay-guided fractionation of this species is merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faraz Khan
- Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.,Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Botany, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - James T Lyles
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rozenn Pineau
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zia-Ur-Rahman Mashwani
- Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Cassandra L Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Fatima A, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Yaseen G, Zada Khan MP, Butt MA, Sultana S. Ethnopharmacological relevance of medicinal plants used for the treatment of oral diseases in Central Punjab-Pakistan. J Herb Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Alotaibi SM, Saleem MS, Al-Humaidi JG. Phytochemical contents and biological evaluation of Ruta chalepennsis L. growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:504-508. [PMID: 29844721 PMCID: PMC5961755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical screening of Ruta chalepensis L. exhibited the presence of different chemical groups. The dried aerial parts of the plant was total extracted by ethanol and successively using chloroform, ethyl acetate and Butanol, out of the successive extracts four compounds namely, scopletin, kaempferol, quercetin, quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamno glucopyranosyl (Rutin) were isolated and biological evaluations. Total ethanol and successive extracts; chloroform, ethyl acetate and Butanol were produced excellent antimicrobial activities against gram negative bacteria, gram positive bacteria and fungi. Ethyl acetate extract was the best for inhibition of the microorganism’s growth. All extracts (total ethanol, and successive extracts) showed DPPH radical scavenging activity in a concentration–dependent manner. The best antioxidant activity was obtained by ethyl acetate & n-butanol extract (94.28%, IC50 = 56.6 µg/ml). Also All extracts (total ethanol, and successive extracts) showed anticoagulant activity at higher concentration with prolonged clotting time 6:30 and 4:30 s at 10 mg/ml concentrations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorok M Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdurrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monerah S Saleem
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdurrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehan G Al-Humaidi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdurrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Ejaz K, Sadia H, Zia G, Nazir S, Raza A, Ali S, Iqbal T, Andleeb S. Biofilm reduction, cell proliferation, anthelmintic and cytotoxicity effect of green synthesised silver nanoparticle using Artemisia vulgaris extract. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 12:71-77. [PMCID: PMC8676192 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are caused by etiological agents. Nanotechnology has been used to minimise the effect of clinical pathogens which have resistance to antibiotics. In current research synthesis, characterisation and biological activities of green synthesised nanoparticles using Artemisia vulgaris extract have been done. The characterisation of AgNPs was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV‐Vis spectrophotometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Anti‐biofilm, cell viability, antibacterial, brine shrimp lethality, and deoxyribonucleic acid protection effects have been screened. UV‐Vis spectra showed the absorption peak of synthesised nanoparticles at 400 nm. FT‐IR indicated the involvement of the functional group in the preparation of AgNPs. SEM showed the spherical shape of AgNPs with 30 nm diameter. Biological screening results revealed the antibacterial effect against clinical bacterial pathogens. Biofilm reduction and cell viability assay also supported the antibacterial effect. Cytotoxicity effect was recorded as 100% at 200 μg/ml through brine shrimp lethality assay. Protein kinase inhibition zones recorded for AgNPs (16 mm bald) compared with A. vulgaris extract (11 mm bald). It has been concluded that green synthesised AgNPs are more effective against infectious pathogens and could be used as a potential source for therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Ejaz
- Microbial Biotechnology and Medical Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Microbial Biotechnology and Medical Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan
| | - Ghazna Zia
- Microbial Biotechnology and Medical Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan
| | - Shabnam Nazir
- Microbial Biotechnology and Medical Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- National Institute for Lasers and Optronics (NILOP)Pakistan Atomic Energy CommissionIslamabadPakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Microbial Biotechnology and Medical Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan
| | - Tariq Iqbal
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Microbial Biotechnology and Medical Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan
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Bilal M, Rasheed T, Iqbal HMN, Hu H, Wang W, Zhang X. Macromolecular agents with antimicrobial potentialities: A drive to combat antimicrobial resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:554-574. [PMID: 28528940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or multidrug resistance (MDR) has become a serious health concern and major challenging issue, worldwide. After decades of negligence, the AMR has now captured global attention. The increasing number of antibiotic-resistant strains has threatened the achievements of science and medicine since it inactivates conventional antimicrobial therapeutics. Scientists are trying to respond to AMR/MDR threat by exploring innovative platforms and new therapeutic strategies to tackle infections from these resistant strains and bypass treatment limitations related to these pathologies. The present review focuses on the utilization of bio-inspired novel constructs and their potential applications as novel antimicrobial agents. The first part of the review describes plant-based biological macromolecules containing an immense variety of secondary metabolites, which could be potentially used as alternative strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance. The second part discusses the potential of metal-based macromolecules as effective antimicrobial platforms for preventing infections from resistant strains. The third part comprehensively elucidates how nanoparticles, in particular, metal-integrated nanoparticles can overcome this AMR or MDR issue. Towards the end, information is given with critical concluding remarks, gaps, and finally envisioned with future considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- The School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., CP 64849, Mexico.
| | - Hongbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Khan S, Ur-rehman T, Mirza B, Ul-haq I, Zia M. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Protein Kinase Inhibition Activities of Fifteen Traditional Medicinal Plants From Pakistan. Pharm Chem J 2017; 51:391-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-017-1620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Al-Asmari A, Manthiri RA, Abdo N, Al-Duaiji FA, Khan HA. Saudi medicinal plants for the treatment of scorpion sting envenomation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:1204-1211. [PMID: 28855813 PMCID: PMC5562475 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Scorpion sting envenoming poses major public health problems. The treatment modalities include antivenoms, chemical antidotes and phytotherapy, with varying degrees of effectiveness and side effects. In this investigation, we reviewed the use of Saudi medicinal plants for the treatment of scorpion sting patients. The relevant literature was collected using the online search engines including Science Direct, Google and PubMed with the help of specific keywords. We also used the printed and online resources at our institutional library to gather the relevant information on the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of scorpion sting patients. A descriptive statistics was used for data compilation and presentation. The results of this survey showed the use of at least 92 medicinal plants with beneficial effects for treating victims of stings of different scorpion species. These commonly used herbs spanned to 37 families whilst different parts of these plants were employed therapeutically for alleviation of envenomation symptoms. The application of leaves (41%) was preferred followed by roots (19%), whole plant (14%) and seeds (9%). The use of latex (4%), stem (3%), flowers (3%) and bark (3%) was also reported. In some cases, tannin (2%), rhizome (1%) and shoot (1%) were also used. In conclusion, herbal medicines are effectively used for the treatment of patients with scorpion envenomation. This type of medication is free from side effects as observed with chemical antidotes or antivenom therapy. It is important to identify the active ingredients of herbal drugs for improving their therapeutic potential in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Al-Asmari
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author at: Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, P.O. Box 7897, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia.Research CenterPrince Sultan Military Medical CityP.O. Box 7897Riyadh11159Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nasreddien Abdo
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Haseeb Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Javed R, Ahmed M, Haq IU, Nisa S, Zia M. PVP and PEG doped CuO nanoparticles are more biologically active: Antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and cytotoxic perspective. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2017. [PMID: 28628996 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Search for biologically active nanoparticles is prerequisite for biomedical applications. CuO nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method are capped by polyethylene-glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) on the surface by simple adsorption. Physical and chemical properties carried out by SEM, XRD and FTIR confirm nanometer in size and efficient capping of PVP and PEG on CuO NPs. Biological assays reveal higher activities of CuO-PEG and CuO-PVP as compared to the uncapped CuO nanoparticles. CuO-PEG shows better antitumor activity against Streptomyces as compared with CuO-PVP and CuO NPs. Both the capped NPs are significantly active for α-amylase inhibition assay. CuO-PVP demonstrates significantly better activity against bacterial strains followed by CuO-PEG and uncapped CuO. PVP coated CuO NPs also shows strong DPPH based free radical scavenging activity, total reducing power potential, total antioxidative potential and also carries flavonoid and phenolics properties determines to querecetin and gallic acid equivalence, respectively. It can be concluded that PVP and PEG capped CuO NPs are more capable to be used in biomedical applications as drug and diagnostic carrier molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Javed
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Nisa
- Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Zia M, Gul S, Akhtar J, Haq IU, Abbasi BH, Hussain A, Naz S, Chaudhary MF. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from grape and tomato juices and evaluation of biological activities. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:193-199. [PMID: 28477003 PMCID: PMC8676460 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is substantial for its application in lots of fields. Tomato and grape fruit juices were used as a reducing and capping agents for the biosynthesis of AgNPs. Ultraviolet spectroscopic analysis offered peaks in the range of 396‒420 nm that indicate the production of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed attachment of different functional groups with Ag ion in both tomato and grape fruit extracts NPs. The X‒ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the synthesised AgNPs have a face centred cubic confirmation. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the size of NPs that varies from 10 to 30 nm. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant capacity, reducing power assay, total flavonoid contents and total phenolic contents determination confirmed that synthesised AgNPs are potent antioxidant agents; can be used as an effective scavenger of free radicals. Biosynthesised AgNPs also showed good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas septica, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi. Protein kinase inhibition activity showed a clear zone which indicates anticancerous potential of biosynthesised AgNPs. The efficacious bioactivities indicate that the tomato and grape derived AgNPs can be used efficiently in pharmaceutical and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shadab Gul
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Akhtar
- Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahsan Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sania Naz
- Preston Institute of NanoScience and Technology (PINSAT), Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abbasi BH, Anjum S, Hano C. Differential effects of in vitro cultures of Linum usitatissimum L. (Flax) on biosynthesis, stability, antibacterial and antileishmanial activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles: a mechanistic approach. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02070h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of plants and plant-derived materials for biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is developing into a lucrative field of green nanotechnology and gaining more importance owing to its simplicity, rapidity, and eco-friendliness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumaira Anjum
- Department of Biotechnology
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad-45320
- Pakistan
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC)
- Université d’Orléans
- Chartres
- France
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Rauf A, Patel S, Uddin G, Siddiqui BS, Ahmad B, Muhammad N, Mabkhot YN, Hadda TB. Phytochemical, ethnomedicinal uses and pharmacological profile of genus Pistacia. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 86:393-404. [PMID: 28012394 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pistacia genus belong to family Anacardiaceae and it is versatile in that its member species have food (P. vera), medicinal (P. lentiscus) and ornamental (P. chinensis) values. Various species of this genus have folkloric uses with credible mention in diverse pharmacopeia. As a trove of phenolic compounds, terpenoids, monoterpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, fatty acids, and sterols, this genus has garnered pharmaceutical attention in recent times. With adequate clinical studies, this genus might be exploited for therapy of a multitude of inflammatory diseases, as promised by preliminary studies. In this regard, the ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry, biological potencies, risks, and scopes of Pistacia genus have been reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of chemistry, University of Swabi Anbar-23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego-92182, USA.
| | - Ghias Uddin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar-25120, Pakistan
| | - Bina S Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar-KPK-25120, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Yahia N Mabkhot
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Laboratoire Chimie Matériaux, FSO, Université Mohammed Ier, Oujda-60000, Morocco
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Rahman IU, Ijaz F, Afzal A, Iqbal Z, Ali N, Khan SM. Contributions to the phytotherapies of digestive disorders: Traditional knowledge and cultural drivers of Manoor Valley, Northern Pakistan. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 192:30-52. [PMID: 27353866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ethno medicinal traditional knowledge regarding the uses of indigenous medicinal plants used for various human digestive disorders are mostly known to the elder community members. As the young generation is not much aware about such vital traditional medicinal practice because they rely on elders. AIM OF STUDY To document, accumulate and widely disseminate the massive indigenous knowledge of century's practiced therapeutic uses of medicinal plants by the local people living in this remote area. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 63 local inhabitants (39 males and 24 females) were interviewed through a structured questionnaire. The data obtained were quantitatively analyzed through the use value (UVi), fidelity level index (FL%) and relative frequency citations (RFCs), consensus index (CI%) and informant consensus factor (FIC). For novel uses all the plants were checked with previously published articles on same disease by analyzing through Jaccard index (JI) and Sorensen's similarity index (QS). Plants specimen were preserved, mounted and labeled on the herbarium sheets, cataloged and deposited with voucher numbers in Hazara University Herbarium, Mansehra, Pakistan (HUP). RESULTS 44 plant species belonging to 44 genera and 28 families were documented in the current study. These medicinal plant species were used commonly as an ethno medicine against 26 various digestive disorders out of which most frequently occurred are; stomach ache, diarrhea, indigestion, constipation and inflammation etc. Herbaceous plant species were the dominant among plants studied which were 64% of the total plants, followed by trees (20%) and shrubs (16%). Lamiaceae was the leading family among collected medicinal plant species (13.6%). Maximum medicinal plant species were used for treatment of stomach ache (11.7%), diarrhea and indigestion (10.9% each). Most widely used parts were leaves (41% citations), fruit and whole plant (12% citations each) for medication of various digestive problems by the traditional drivers. Dominated medicinal plants with most use values were Ficus carica having (UVi=0.90) and Trifolium repens (UVi=0.84). Based on the RFC values, the most cited medicinal plant species by the traditional drivers were Ficus carica (0.43) and Berberis lycium (0.41), while most respondents percentage was noticed for same plant species calculated through consensus index (CI%=42.9% and 41.3%) respectively. The medicinal plant species with highest fidelity level was of Grewia optiva, Juglans regia and Sorbaria tomentosa each cited 100% for anthelmintic, easy digestion and Diarrhea respectively. Due to representation by only single medicinal plant taxa (Nt=1), the digestive diseases viz. cholera, colon cancer, emetic, internal injuries, kill microorganisms, Soothing, tumor and urine suppression had maximum FIC value. The analytical result reveals that 57% of medicinal plant species were reported for the first time regarding their uses. new medicinal uses of Anaphalis contorta, Caltha palustris, Pinus wallichiana, Plantago himalaica were recorded for the first time from Pakistan and Aralia cachemirica, Bupleurum longicaule, Pleurospermum stellatum, Potentilla argentea and Juglans regia across the globe for currently reported medicinal uses. Besides this, all the mentioned plant species were reported for the first time for digestive disorders from Manoor Valley as no single study up-till now has been conducted ethno medicinally. CONCLUSION The present study revealed the importance to document and launch list of all the possible plants that are used in traditional medicinal practices against digestive disorders in the unexplored study area and to show the important medicinal plants for future biological, phytochemical and pharmacological experimentation regarding digestive problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inayat Ur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra-21300 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Farhana Ijaz
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra-21300 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Aftab Afzal
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra-21300 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra-21300 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Niaz Ali
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra-21300 KP, Pakistan.
| | - Shujaul Mulk Khan
- Department of Plant Science, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Njeru SN, Obonyo M, Nyambati S, Ngari S, Mwakubambanya R, Mavura H. Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity properties of the organic solvent fractions of Clerodendrum myricoides (Hochst.) R. Br. ex Vatke: Kenyan traditional medicinal plant. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol 2016; 5:226-32. [PMID: 27366347 PMCID: PMC4927126 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20160416122003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim: Clerodendrum myricoides is a Kenyan herbal plant used in the management of respiratory diseases. In the current study, we investigated in vitro antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical screening of C. myricoides Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial activities of C. myricoides organic fractions against array of microorganisms including: (i) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37Rv, (ii) Staphylococcus aureus, (iii) Klebsiella pneumoniae, (iv) Escherichia coli, (v) Candida albicans, (vi) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (vii) Cryptococcus neoformans, (viii) Salmonella typhi, (ix) Shigella sonnei, and (x) Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were investigated by disc diffusion and microdilution techniques. Antituberculous activity was investigated using BACTEC MGIT 960 system while cytotoxicity was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on HEp-2 cells. Finally, phytochemicals were screened using standard procedures. Results: Methanolic fractions exhibited a broad spectrum activity inhibiting 75% of test pathogens. It had the highest activity with minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values of ≤62.5 µg/ml recorded against 62.5% tested microbes. It yielded the highest zone of inhibition of 20.3 mm (S. aureus), lowest MIC of <12.5 µg/ml (MTB), and the lowest minimal bactericidal concentration of 62.5 µg/ml (C. albicans), within the acceptable toxicity limit (CC50 >90 µg/ml). The phytochemicals largely believed to be responsible for the observed activity included: Alkaloid, phenols, anthraquinones, terpenoids, and flavonoids. Conclusion: Methanolic fraction had remarkable activity against MRSA, S. aureus, E. coli, S. sonnei, C. albicans, and MTB, which are of public health concerns due to drug resistance and as sources of community and nosocomial infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report exploring the antituberculous activity of C. myricoides and thence a major output in search of novel, safe drug leads to mitigate the global tuberculosis threat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meshack Obonyo
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box. 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Samwel Nyambati
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box. 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Silas Ngari
- Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, P.O, Box. 536-20155, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Ramadhan Mwakubambanya
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box. 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Hawa Mavura
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box. 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya
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Aslam M, Anis I, Afza N, Iqbal L, Iqbal S, Hussain A, Mehmood R, Hussain MT, Khalid M, Nawaz H. Biological evaluation of potent antioxidant, lipoxygenase inhibitor and antibacterial: A comparative study. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2016; 20:45-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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da Silva PB, Bonifácio BV, Frem RCG, Godoy Netto AV, Mauro AE, Ferreira AMDC, Lopes EDO, Raddi MSG, Bauab TM, Pavan FR, Chorilli M. A Nanostructured Lipid System as a Strategy to Improve the in Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Copper(II) Complexes. Molecules 2015; 20:22534-45. [PMID: 26694337 PMCID: PMC6332266 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct a nanostructured lipid system as a strategy to improve the in vitro antibacterial activity of copper(II) complexes. New compounds with the general formulae [CuX2(INH)2]·nH2O (X = Cl− and n = 1 (1); X = NCS− and n = 5 (2); X = NCO− and n = 4 (3); INH = isoniazid, a drug widely used to treat tuberculosis) derived from the reaction between the copper(II) chloride and isoniazid in the presence or absence of pseudohalide ions (NCS− or NCO−) were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrometry, electronic absorption spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, melting points and complexometry with 2,2′,2′′,2′′′-(Ethane-1,2-diyldinitrilo)tetraacetic acid (EDTA). The characterization techniques allowed us to confirm the formation of the copper(II) complexes. The Cu(II) complexes were loaded into microemulsion (MEs) composed of 10% phase oil (cholesterol), 10% surfactant [soy oleate and Brij® 58 (1:2)] and 80% aqueous phase (phosphate buffer pH = 7.4) prepared by sonication. The Cu(II) complex-loaded MEs displayed sizes ranging from 158.0 ± 1.060 to 212.6 ± 1.539 nm, whereas the polydispersity index (PDI) ranged from 0.218 ± 0.007 to 0.284 ± 0.034. The antibacterial activity of the free compounds and those that were loaded into the MEs against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC® 25922, as evaluated by a microdilution technique, and the cytotoxicity index (IC50) against the Vero cell line (ATCC® CCL-81TM) were used to calculate the selectivity index (SI). Among the free compounds, only compound 2 (MIC 500 μg/mL) showed activity for S. aureus. After loading the compounds into the MEs, the antibacterial activity of compounds 1, 2 and 3 was significantly increased against E. coli (MIC’s 125, 125 and 500 μg/mL, respectively) and S. aureus (MICs 250, 500 and 125 μg/mL, respectively). The loaded compounds were less toxic against the Vero cell line, especially compound 1 (IC50 from 109.5 to 319.3 μg/mL). The compound 2- and 3-loaded MEs displayed the best SI for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. These results indicated that the Cu(II) complex-loaded MEs were considerably more selective than the free compounds, in some cases, up to 40 times higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia B da Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14801-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bruna V Bonifácio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14801-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Regina C G Frem
- Chemistry Institute, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14800-060 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adelino V Godoy Netto
- Chemistry Institute, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14800-060 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Antonio E Mauro
- Chemistry Institute, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14800-060 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana M da Costa Ferreira
- Chemistry Institute, USP-University São Paulo, Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Erica de O Lopes
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14801-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maria S G Raddi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14801-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tais M Bauab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14801-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernando R Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14801-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-University Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, 14801-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Barbosa-Filho VM, Waczuk EP, Leite NF, Menezes IRA, da Costa JGM, Lacerda SR, Adedara IA, Coutinho HDM, Posser T, Kamdem JP. Phytocompounds and modulatory effects of Anacardium microcarpum (cajui) on antibiotic drugs used in clinical infections. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:5965-72. [PMID: 26604695 PMCID: PMC4642807 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s93145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background The challenge of antibiotic resistance and the emergence of new infections have generated considerable interest in the exploration of natural products from plant origins as combination therapy. In this context, crude ethanolic extract (CEE), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and methanolic fraction (MF) from Anacardium microcarpum were tested alone or in combination with antibiotics (amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem) against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods Antibiotic resistance-modifying activity was performed using the microdilution method by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, phytochemical prospecting analyses of tested samples were carried out. Results Our results indicated that all the extracts showed low antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains (MIC =512 μg/mL). However, addition of CEE, EAF, and MF to the growth medium at the subinhibitory concentration (MIC/8=64 μg/mL) significantly modulated amikacin- and gentamicin-resistant E. coli 06. CEE and EAF also demonstrated a significant (P<0.001) synergism with imipenem against S. aureus. In contrast, MF antagonized the antibacterial effect of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin against P. aeruginosa 03 and S. aureus 10, respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of secondary metabolites including phenols, flavonoids, xanthones, chalcones, and tannin pyrogallates. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that A. microcarpum is a natural resource with resistance-modifying antibacterial activity that needs to be further investigated to overcome the present resistant-infection problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter M Barbosa-Filho
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil ; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Emily P Waczuk
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nadghia F Leite
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - José G M da Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Sírleis R Lacerda
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Posser
- Campus São Gabriel, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Jean P Kamdem
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil ; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básica da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
Wild marigold (Tagetes minuta), a flowering plant of the family Asteraceae contains compounds of pharmaceutical and nutritional importance especially essential oils and flavonols. Identification, characterization of flavonols and determination of their antibacterial activity were major objectives of the current study. The isolation and purification of flavonols was accomplished using chromatographic techniques while structural elucidation was completed by LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. The extracts and purified compounds were tested against various bacterial strains for antibacterial activity. A total of 19 flavonols were isolated from this species. Of these, 17 were of butanol and two of ethyl acetate extracts. Based on the concentration and purity, eight potential flavonols were selected and structurally elucidated. Four flavonols, 6-hydroxyquercetin 7-O-β-(6''-galloylglucopyranoside; 2), 6-hydroxykaempferol 7-O-β-glucopyranoside (5), 6-hydroxykaempferol 7-O-β-(6''-galloylglucopyranoside; 7), 6-hydroxyquercetin 7-O-β-(6''-caffeoylglucopyranoside; 9), were identified for the first time from T. minuta. Butanol and ethyl acetate extracts of flowers and seeds showed significant antibacterial activity against Micrococcus leteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas pikettii. Among the isolated flavonols only 1, 2, and 18 were found to possess significant antibacterial activity against M. luteus. The extracts and purified flavonols from T. minuta can be potential candidates for antibacterial drug discovery and support to ethnopharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Shahzadi
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad M Shah
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad, Pakistan
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48
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Evren E, Yurtcu E. In vitro effects on biofilm viability and antibacterial and antiadherent activities of silymarin. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2015; 60:351-6. [PMID: 25937395 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-015-0399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Limited treatment options in infectious diseases caused by resistant microorganisms created the need to search new approaches. Several herbal extracts are studied for their enormous therapeutic potential. Silymarin extract, from Silybum marianum (milk thistle), is an old and a new remedy for this goal. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial and antiadherent effects of silymarin besides biofilm viability activity on standard bacterial strains. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), antiadherent/antibiofilm activity, and effects on biofilm viability of silymarin were evaluated against standard bacterial strains. MIC values were observed between 60 and >241 μg/mL (0.25->1 mmol/L). Gram-positive bacteria were inhibited at concentrations between 60 and 120 μg/mL. Gram-negative bacteria were not inhibited by the silymarin concentrations included in this study. MBC values for Gram-positive bacteria were greater than 241 μg/mL. Adherence/biofilm formations were decreased to 15 μg/mL silymarin concentration when compared with silymarin-untreated group. Silymarin reduced the biofilm viabilities to 13 and 46 % at 1 and 0.5 mmol/L concentrations, respectively. We demonstrated that silymarin shows antibacterial and antiadherent/antibiofilm activity against certain standard bacterial strains which may be beneficial when used as a dietary supplement or a drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Evren
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Eskisehir yolu 20.km Baglica, Ankara, Turkey,
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49
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Tariq A, Mussarat S, Adnan M, Abd_Allah EF, Hashem A, Alqarawi AA, Ullah R. Ethnomedicinal Evaluation of Medicinal Plants Used against Gastrointestinal Complaints. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:892947. [PMID: 26114117 PMCID: PMC4465652 DOI: 10.1155/2015/892947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to document ethnomedicinal plants used against gastrointestinal complaints in five selected remote regions of Pakistan and to select potential medicinal plants for further in vitro and in vivo investigation. Data on ethnomedicinal plants and ethnographic profile of respondents was documented using semistructured questionnaires. The present study revealed utilization of 52 medicinal plants for the treatment of different gastrointestinal infections in studied regions. Apiaceae was the most dominant family reported to be used for the treatment of these infections (4 plants). Among all the plant parts fruit (24%), whole plants and leaves (23% each) were the most preferred plant parts used by the healers. Dosage of recipe was found to be related with the age of the patient. Highest degree of informant consensus was reported for vomiting, nausea (0.92 each), abdominal pain (0.9), and diarrhea (0.89). Withania coagulans scored highest FL value (86%) followed by Mentha longifolia and Melia azadirachta ranked second with FL value (75% each). Young generation was found to possess little traditional knowledge about utilizing plant recipes against these infections. Plants with high Fic and FL values should be subjected for further phytochemical and pharmacological investigation for scientific validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Tariq
- Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Sakina Mussarat
- Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - E. F. Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 2109, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Ara Khel, Frontier Region Kohat 26000, Pakistan
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50
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Mahmud S, Akhter S, Rahman MA, Aklima J, Akhter S, Merry SR, Jubair SMR, Dash R, Emran TB. Antithrombotic Effects of Five Organic Extracts of Bangladeshi Plants In Vitro and Mechanisms in In Silico Models. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015; 2015:782742. [PMID: 26075001 PMCID: PMC4449917 DOI: 10.1155/2015/782742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This research was carried out to investigate the thrombolytic effects of the methanolic extracts of five Bangladeshi plants. Phytochemical metabolites of those plants have been identified to elucidate whether the plant-derived metabolites are linked with the thrombolytic effects. Potential computer aided models were adopted in this study to find out a structure-function correlation between the phytochemical constituents and thrombolytic effects using the secondary metabolites as ligands and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) as receptor for the best fit ligand-receptor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakib Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Samina Akhter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Atiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Aklima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Shaheen Akhter
- Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Raju Dash
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University, Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University, Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh
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