1
|
Apperley L, Parkinson J, Senniappan S. Liraglutide Treatment Improves Glycaemic Dysregulation, Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Variables and Uncontrolled Eating Behaviour in Adolescents with Severe Obesity. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2025; 17:68-75. [PMID: 39311553 PMCID: PMC11923471 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2024.2023-10-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective Childhood obesity is associated with long-term health complications. Liraglutide is approved for use in adolescents for weight loss and has shown beneficial outcomes in clinical trials. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is widely used in type 1 diabetes mellitus. To look at the effect of liraglutide treatment on cardiometabolic variables, glycaemic control (as assessed by CGM), body composition, quality-of-life and satiety levels in adolescents with severe obesity. Methods Patients aged 12 to 17.9 years were commenced on liraglutide in addition to lifestyle support. Pediatric Quality of Life 4.0 generic scale and Three-factor Eating Questionnaire R18 were completed at baseline and after 3-months. Results Twenty-four subjects (10 male: 14 female) took part. Significant improvements in weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI standard deviation scores, percentage body fat and fat mass following liraglutide treatment. A significant reduction in glycated haemoglobin, triglyceride and cholesterol levels, as well as a reduction in uncontrolled eating behaviour were observed. The time spent within normal glucose range (3.9-7.8 mmol/L; 70.2-140.4 mg/dL) was lower than in healthy peers (91.76% vs. 97.00%) at baseline but improved after liraglutide treatment. The cohort reported lower health-related quality-of-life scores and exhibited more uncontrolled eating and emotional eating behaviours, compared to the healthy population. Conclusion We report, for the first time, the role of CGM in identifying glycaemic dysregulation in children and young people with obesity before and after liraglutide treatment. The results have shown significant potential for liraglutide treatment in improving outcomes. Earlier identification of glycaemic dysregulation and targeted therapy could potentially reduce the long-term risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Apperley
- Alder Hey Children’s Hospital Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Parkinson
- Alder Hey Children’s Hospital Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Senthil Senniappan
- Alder Hey Children’s Hospital Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maduri VD, Eresha J, Dulani S, Pujitha W. Association of fatty liver with serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and uric acid in obese children in a tertiary care centre. BMC Pediatr 2025; 25:144. [PMID: 40011867 PMCID: PMC11863752 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-025-05484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity among the young is an emerging health problem with many metabolic changes including liver damage. Our objective was to investigate the association of fatty liver with serum uric acid (UA) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a cohort of obese children in Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 5-15-year-old obese children (based on WHO 2007 standards). After a 12-hour overnight fast, blood was drawn for glucose, lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), insulin, UA and GGT. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure and fat mass were measured. Ultrasound scan of abdomen was performed to determine fatty liver. RESULTS We studied 146 obese children with a mean age (SD) 9.86 (2.1) years. The fatty liver group showed significantly elevated levels (p < 0.05) of UA, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), triglycerides (TG), AST, ALT, GGT, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and a reduced AST/ALT ratio, compared to the non-fatty liver group. Chi square test showed statistically significant associations between fatty liver and AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio, HOMA-IR, UA and GGT. With existing cut offs, GGT (> 30 U/L) and UA (> 330 µmol/L) the sensitivity and specificity of GGT in predicting fatty liver was 26.9% and 94.1% respectively while for UA it was 38.5% and 83.8% respectively. A cut-off value of 18.5 U/L (sensitivity 76.9% and specificity 52.9%) for GGT, 277µmol/L (sensitivity 70.5% and specificity 57.4%) for UA, 27.5 U/L (sensitivity 70.5%, specificity 51.5%) for AST, 21.5 U/L (sensitivity 80.8% and specificity 61.8%) for ALT, a ratio of 0.99 (sensitivity 77.9% and specificity 55.1%) for AST/ALT and 2.02 (sensitivity 73.2%, specificity 58.5%) for HOMA-IR predicted fatty liver. CONCLUSION GGT and UA are associated with fatty liver and these biomarkers can be used to predict fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidanapathirana Dinesha Maduri
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Lady Ridgeway Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
| | - Jasinge Eresha
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Lady Ridgeway Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Samaranayake Dulani
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Wickramasinghe Pujitha
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdullah SR, Victor Chee Wai H, Ishak Z, Hamzah SS, Nur Zati Iwani AK, Wan Mohd Zin RM, Yahya A. Factors influencing health-related quality of life of children with overweight and obesity in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Health Psychol Behav Med 2024; 12:2413980. [PMID: 39430060 PMCID: PMC11488170 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2024.2413980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Overweight and obesity among children may have psychological consequences, with potentially lasting effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aims of this study were to compare HRQOL across weight status among children and to determine the factors influencing HRQOL among children with overweight and obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study involved school children aged 9-16 years that were recruited from eight randomly selected primary and secondary schools in Kuala Lumpur. The validated Malay version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) was used to measure HRQOL. Complex sample general linear model was used to determine the significant factors associated with HRQOL among children with overweight and obesity. Results From 928 students, 41.2% (n = 375) of them had either overweight or obesity. Children with obesity reported lower overall HRQOL, physical functioning, social functioning, and psychosocial health summary, compared to normal weight children. In the final model, children with obesity had significantly lower HRQOL and physical functioning compared to children who were overweight, while those who lived with a single parent reported poorer HRQOL compared to children who lived with both parents. Children with history of being bullied had lower HRQOL and psychosocial health. Whereas those with lower self-esteem reported significantly lower scores in all three domains. Conclusion Overweight and obesity have negative impacts on HRQOL of children. Among children with overweight and obesity, factors such as degree of obesity, family structure, history of being bullied, and self-esteem were found to be significantly associated with HRQOL. Therefore, assessing and managing HRQOL should be included as a part of the obesity prevention programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shazana Rifham Abdullah
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hoe Victor Chee Wai
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zahari Ishak
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Education, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Sarah Hamzah
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Kamil Nur Zati Iwani
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruziana Mona Wan Mohd Zin
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abqariyah Yahya
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Correia JC, Ahmad SS, Waqas A, Meraj H, Pataky Z. Exploring Public Emotions on Obesity During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e52142. [PMID: 39393064 PMCID: PMC11512131 DOI: 10.2196/52142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial, and relapsing disease, affecting people of all ages worldwide, and is directly related to multiple complications. Understanding public attitudes and perceptions toward obesity is essential for developing effective health policies, prevention strategies, and treatment approaches. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the sentiments of the general public, celebrities, and important organizations regarding obesity using social media data, specifically from Twitter (subsequently rebranded as X). METHODS The study analyzes a dataset of 53,414 tweets related to obesity posted on Twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic, from April 2019 to December 2022. Sentiment analysis was performed using the XLM-RoBERTa-base model, and topic modeling was conducted using the BERTopic library. RESULTS The analysis revealed that tweets regarding obesity were predominantly negative. Spikes in Twitter activity correlated with significant political events, such as the exchange of obesity-related comments between US politicians and criticism of the United Kingdom's obesity campaign. Topic modeling identified 243 clusters representing various obesity-related topics, such as childhood obesity; the US President's obesity struggle; COVID-19 vaccinations; the UK government's obesity campaign; body shaming; racism and high obesity rates among Black American people; smoking, substance abuse, and alcohol consumption among people with obesity; environmental risk factors; and surgical treatments. CONCLUSIONS Twitter serves as a valuable source for understanding obesity-related sentiments and attitudes among the public, celebrities, and influential organizations. Sentiments regarding obesity were predominantly negative. Negative portrayals of obesity by influential politicians and celebrities were shown to contribute to negative public sentiments, which can have adverse effects on public health. It is essential for public figures to be mindful of their impact on public opinion and the potential consequences of their statements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge César Correia
- Unit of Therapeutic Patient Education, WHO Collaborating Center, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sarmad Shaharyar Ahmad
- School of Mathematics, Computer Science & Engineering, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Waqas
- Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Hafsa Meraj
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltan Pataky
- Unit of Therapeutic Patient Education, WHO Collaborating Center, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pujitha Gunawardhana D, Talagala IA. Factors influencing the maternal choice of packaged snacks for 6-10 years old children: A cross-sectional study from Sri Lanka. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003574. [PMID: 39231198 PMCID: PMC11373799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Childhood overweight and obesity due to unhealthy diet result in several adverse effects. Mothers play a major role in selecting snacks for younger children. This study assessed the factors associated with the choice of packaged food/beverage snacks among mothers of 6- to 10-year-old children in the Medical Officer of Health area Balangoda. A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component was conducted in 2022 among 450 mothers with 6- to 10-year-old children through two-stage, stratified (year of birth considered as a stratum), simple random sampling technique in ten randomly selected Public Health Midwife areas in the medical officer of health area Balangoda. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to assess participants' sociodemographic, usual practices, attitudes, and knowledge toward packaged snacks. Factors associated with maternal practices related to packaged snack selection were assessed through the chi-square test at the p<0.05 significance level. The response rate was 99.3% (N = 447). Children were commonly provided with biscuits (94.4%) and flavoured milk (44.7%) daily (66.4%) at home (93.5%). The majority of mothers reported poor practices in selecting packaged snacks (88.8%), but good knowledge (62.9%) and favorable attitudes (93.5%) toward packaged snacks. The majority (75.5%) were aware that snacks are important for overcoming the hunger gap among children. Childs' preference (77.6%) was the leading influencing factor while, the nutritional value of the packaged snacks minimally influenced the maternal (2.7%) choice. Only 49.9% mothers knew that packaged fruits could be consumed as snacks. Maternal Sinhalese ethnicity (p<0.001), secondary or higher education (p<0.001), having one child (p = 0.003), residing in a rural or urban area (p = 0.011) and having favourable attitudes (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with poor maternal practices in packaged snack selection. Although mothers' knowledge toward packaged snacks were good, their practices in selecting packaged snacks were poor. Maternal ethnicity, educational level, number of children, area of residence and attitudes were significantly associated with mothers' selection of packaged snacks. The results of the study highlighted the need to plan, develop and implement focused health promotion programmes to empower mothers to select healthier packaged snack options for their 6- to 10-year-old children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ishanka Ayeshwari Talagala
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gunawardana S, Jayarajah U, Ahmed SF, Seneviratne SN. Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1618-1629. [PMID: 38332657 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) on health-related quality-of-life (QoL) and associated factors among children/adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). METHOD Following registration in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(reg no: CRD42022313389), Google Scholar, PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were searched up to March 5, 2022, using predefined search strategy/MESH terms to identify original studies describing/assessing self-reported/parent-reported health-related QoL in patients with CAH ≤21 years. Methodological quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS), and heterogeneity by I2 statistics. MA assessed mean difference (MD) in QoL between children/adolescents with CAH and healthy children/adolescents. RESULTS Among 1308 publications, the 12 studies eligible for the SR (CAH n = 781) showed NOS scales of 3 to 7/9, and the 6 eligible for MA (CAH n = 227) showed moderate-considerable heterogeneity. MA showed that parent-reported psychosocial QoL (MD 9.9 [-12.6,7.3], P ≤ .001) {consisting of school (MD 7.4[-12.2, -2.5], P = .003), emotional (MD 5.6 [-10.2, -0.9], P = .02) and social domains (MD 4.3 [-8.1, -0.5], P = .03), and self-reported school domain QoL (MD 8.5 [-15.9, -1.2], P = .02) was lower in children/adolescents with CAH while parent-reported and self-reported physical QoL were similar to controls.Factors associated with lower QoL among children/ adolescents with CAH included poor disease control, poor medication compliance, and complications including hyperpigmentation, virilization, hypertension, hospital admission, and urinary incontinence. CONCLUSION Based on available data, children/adolescents with CAH had preserved physical QoL but impaired psychosocial QoL, especially in the school domain. Factors associated with lower QoL included poor disease control and disease/treatment-related complications. There is a need for further high-quality research that investigates the relationship between disease control, provision of psychosocial support, and improvement in QoL in children/adolescents with CAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Umesh Jayarajah
- Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Syed Faisal Ahmed
- Samson Gemmell Chair of Child Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Supramaniam N, Zanudin A, Azmi NA. Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Endurance and Quality of Life among Children with Physical Disabilities. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1465. [PMID: 37761426 PMCID: PMC10527673 DOI: 10.3390/children10091465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with physical disabilities (PD) have reduced levels of physical activity (PA) compared to typically developing children, which increases their risk of becoming overweight and obese, which leads to numerous adverse health consequences. This study aimed to determine the differences between groups classified by body mass index (BMI) percentile in terms of PA levels, cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life (QoL), and also to evaluate the relationship between BMI percentile and PA levels, cardiorespiratory endurance and QoL in children and adolescents with physical disabilities. METHODS A total of 172 children and adolescents with PD aged between 5 and 17 years from Hospital Tunku Azizah were included in this cross-sectional study. The BMI percentile was calculated to determine the weight status. PA levels were assessed with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), cardiorespiratory endurance was measured by the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and QoL was measured by the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 2.0 (PedsQL 2.0). RESULTS According to the BMI percentile, 70.3% had a healthy BMI percentile (50th to 84th percentile), 11.6% were overweight (50th to 84th percentile), 11% were underweight (0-49th percentile) and 7.0% were obese (95th percentile and above). Most children reported a healthy weight, and the rates of being overweight and obese were higher in children who could ambulate without aids (6.4% and 3.5%, respectively) compared to those who used walking aids (5.2% and 3.5%, respectively). Significant differences were found in the PAQ-C, 6MWT and PedsQL 2.0 scores between different BMI percentile groups (p < 0.05). There were also significant correlations between the BMI percentile and the PAQ-C (r = 0.209, p < 0.001), 6MWT (r = 0.217, p < 0.001) and PedsQL 2.0 (r = 0.189, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The rate of being overweight and obese is greater among children who ambulate without aids than among those with aids. An increase in the BMI percentile can reduce the QoL in different ways. This study suggests that children with PD who can walk without aids are at a greater risk of being overweight and obese. Hence, the engagement of this population in PA is crucial for their weight management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimale Supramaniam
- Physiotherapy Program, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.); (A.Z.)
- Physiotherapy Unit, Hospital Tuanku Ampuan Najihah Kuala Pilah, Kuala Pilah 72000, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Asfarina Zanudin
- Physiotherapy Program, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Nor Azura Azmi
- Physiotherapy Program, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.); (A.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Santos FGCD, Godoy-Leite M, Penido EAR, Ribeiro KA, da Gloria Rodrigues-Machado M, Rezende BA. Eating behaviour, quality of life and cardiovascular risk in obese and overweight children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:299. [PMID: 37328794 PMCID: PMC10276388 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a major cardiovascular risk factor because it predisposes individuals to comorbidities that are implicated in an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Its origin may be related to poor eating habits, such as the intake of foods of low nutritional value or inadequate eating behaviours related to emotional factors. This work aims to evaluate the relationship between the total body mass of children and adolescents and its association with eating habits, quality of life (QoL), and possible changes in early markers of cardiovascular risk. METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study that evaluated anthropometric and cardiovascular parameters, QoL, and eating behaviour in 181 children and adolescents aged between 5 and 13 years. Participants were stratified according to BMI/age into three groups (Adequate Weight, Overweight, and Obesity). Anthropometry included weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, waist-hip ratio, and waist-height ratio. QoL was assessed using the Peds-QL 4.0 questionnaire, and eating behaviour was assessed using the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). Cardiovascular parameters were assessed using the Mobil-O-Graph® device, which measures the pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx@75) to estimate arterial stiffness (AS), which is considered an early marker of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS In addition to the increase in anthropometric measurements (p < 0.001), the Obesity group exhibited behaviour related to food intake (p < 0.05). When analysing QoL, a worsening in the social domain was also observed in the Obesity group (p < 0.05). However, PWV and AIx@75 did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS Eating behaviour is related to the development of childhood obesity. However, early markers of cardiovascular risk related to AS did not change as a function of total body mass in the children evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Godoy-Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde - Faculdade Ciências Médicas- MG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Kennad Alves Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde - Faculdade Ciências Médicas- MG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Bruno Almeida Rezende
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde - Faculdade Ciências Médicas- MG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cazzaniga E, Orlando A, Terenzio A, Suardi C, Mognetti C, Gennaro F, Antolini L, Palestini P. Health Status and Nutritional Habits in Maldives Pediatric Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15728. [PMID: 36497802 PMCID: PMC9740220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the Maldives, triggered by the nutrition transition to a "Western diet" that dramatically increases the prevalence of excess weight and hypertension. Our study aimed to evaluate dietary habits, blood pressure (BP) and body mass index in Maghoodoo Public School's students. A sample of 145 students (72 males and 73 females, age 9.37 ± 2.97 years) was enrolled. Factors causing excess weight were investigated through descriptive statistics. The relationship between blood pressure percentiles and possible influencing factors was investigated by a linear regression model.. Excess weight was present in 15.07% and 12.5% females and males, respectively. 15.18% of the subjects had elevated BP, with a significant difference according to gender detected only in the PAS z-score. Eating habits were investigated through a parent-filled questionnaire; 70.15% of the students consumed less than two portions of fruit per day, with a significant difference between gender (84.06% and 55.38% for boys and girls, respectively, p < 0.0001) and 71.64% ate less than two servings of vegetables per day. An alarming finding emerged for sweet snacks (30.6% of the students consumed 2-3 servings per day) and sugary drinks (2-3 servings per day for 32.84% of students) consumption. Our findings suggest that excess weight and hypertension in this population could be due to energy-rich, packaged-foods consumption. A nutrition education approach might thus help to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Cazzaniga
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonina Orlando
- Cardiologic Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Terenzio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Carlotta Suardi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Mognetti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca Gennaro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Antolini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Palestini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Srinivasan SP, Arumugam C, Rangeela E, Raghavan V, Padmavati R. Bullying among children and adolescents in the SAARC countries: A scoping review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09781. [PMID: 35815144 PMCID: PMC9257344 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bullying is defined as repetitive and intentional aggression by an individual or group towards other individuals that happens in a power differential between the individuals being bullied and the bullies. There is increasing recognition of how bullying occurs among children and adolescents and its long-term effects. There is a dearth of research on bullying from the Lower- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). This scoping review focused on the research from the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) nations that share a common history, similar demographics, and socio-cultural background. Methodology Various databases were searched using specific search terms and articles reviewed from the past 5 years. Results Of 194 articles identified, 53 met the criteria for inclusion in the review. There is a wide variation in the number of studies done across the SAARC nations. The prevalence of bullying victimization ranged from 4.1% to 95% and from 16 to 85% for perpetration. Only 3 interventions conducted in India and Pakistan showed some efficacy of play, the teaching of skills and multicomponent interventions to deal with bullying, each made culturally relevant. Discussion This review highlights the lacunae in the research conducted on bullying in the Indian sub-continent. It also highlights the need for contextually appropriate definitions, long term effects on the health and well-being of bullying, and socially appropriate interventions to address bullying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - E. Rangeela
- SCARF (I) (Schizophrenia Research Foundation), Chennai, 600101, India
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- SCARF (I) (Schizophrenia Research Foundation), Chennai, 600101, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Abstract
Weight bias and stigma exist in a variety of realms in our society (media, education, employment, and health care), and unfortunately many view it as a socially acceptable form of discrimination. Patients with obesity often avoid scheduling appointments for health promotion visits and routine care due to perceived weight bias and stigma from their health care provider. Within the health care setting, it is important that health care providers strategically focus on reducing obesity bias and provide high-quality obesity management. People-first language should be used and waiting rooms and examination rooms should be accommodating to people of all sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon M Fruh
- College of Nursing, University of South Alabama, 5721 USA Drive North, Mobile, AL 36688, USA.
| | - Rebecca J Graves
- College of Nursing, University of South Alabama, 5721 USA Drive North, HAHN 2037 F, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Caitlyn Hauff
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, HKS 1020, 171 Student Services Drive, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Susan G Williams
- College of Nursing, University of South Alabama, 161 North Section Street Suite C, Fairhope, AL 36532, USA
| | - Heather R Hall
- College of Nursing, University of South Alabama, 5721 USA Drive North, Room 3068, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vidmar AP, Naguib M, Raymond JK, Salvy SJ, Hegedus E, Wee CP, Goran MI. Time-Limited Eating and Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adolescents with Obesity: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113697. [PMID: 34835953 PMCID: PMC8624400 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its simplicity, time-limited eating (TLE) may represent a more feasible approach for treating adolescents with obesity compared to other caloric restriction regimens. This pilot study examines the feasibility and safety of TLE combined with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adolescents. Fifty adolescents with BMI ≥95th percentile were recruited to complete a 12-week study. All received standard nutritional counseling, wore a CGM daily, and were randomized to: (1) Prolonged eating window: 12 h eating/12 h fasting + blinded CGM; (2) TLE (8 h eating/16 h fasting, 5 days per week) + blinded CGM; (3) TLE + real-time CGM feedback. Recruitment, retention, and adherence were recorded as indicators of feasibility. Weight loss, dietary intake, physical activity, eating behaviors, and quality of life over the course of the intervention were explored as secondary outcomes. Forty-five participants completed the study (16.4 ± 1.3 years, 64% female, 49% Hispanic, 75% public insurance). There was high adherence to prescribed eating windows (TLE 5.2 d/wk [SD 1.1]; control 6.1 d/wk [SD 1.4]) and daily CGM wear (5.85 d/wk [SD 4.8]). Most of the adolescents (90%) assigned to TLE reported that limiting their eating window and wearing a CGM was feasible without negative impact on daily functioning or adverse events. There were no between-group difference in terms of weight loss, energy intake, quality of life, physical activity, or eating behaviors. TLE combined with CGM appears feasible and safe among adolescents with obesity. Further investigation in larger samples, with a longer intervention duration and follow-up assessments are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaina P. Vidmar
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes & Obesity Program, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (M.N.); (J.K.R.); (E.H.); (M.I.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-323-361-3385
| | - Monica Naguib
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes & Obesity Program, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (M.N.); (J.K.R.); (E.H.); (M.I.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Jennifer K. Raymond
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes & Obesity Program, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (M.N.); (J.K.R.); (E.H.); (M.I.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Sarah Jeanne Salvy
- Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
| | - Elizabeth Hegedus
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes & Obesity Program, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (M.N.); (J.K.R.); (E.H.); (M.I.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Choo Phei Wee
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute (SC-CTSI), Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA;
| | - Michael I. Goran
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes & Obesity Program, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (M.N.); (J.K.R.); (E.H.); (M.I.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| |
Collapse
|