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Zhao Y, Li T, Jiang Z, Gai C, Yu S, Xin D, Li T, Liu D, Wang Z. The miR-9-5p/CXCL11 pathway is a key target of hydrogen sulfide-mediated inhibition of neuroinflammation in hypoxic ischemic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1084-1094. [PMID: 37862212 PMCID: PMC10749591 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a neuroprotective effect in the context of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice. However, the precise mechanism underlying the role of H2S in this situation remains unclear. In this study, we used a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury and a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cell model and found that treatment with L-cysteine, a H2S precursor, attenuated the cerebral infarction and cerebral atrophy induced by hypoxia and ischemia and increased the expression of miR-9-5p and cystathionine β synthase (a major H2S synthetase in the brain) in the prefrontal cortex. We also found that an miR-9-5p inhibitor blocked the expression of cystathionine β synthase in the prefrontal cortex in mice with brain injury caused by hypoxia and ischemia. Furthermore, miR-9-5p overexpression increased cystathionine-β-synthase and H2S expression in the injured prefrontal cortex of mice with hypoxic ischemic brain injury. L-cysteine decreased the expression of CXCL11, an miR-9-5p target gene, in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse model and in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 cells and increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines BNIP3, FSTL1, SOCS2 and SOCS5, while treatment with an miR-9-5p inhibitor reversed these changes. These findings suggest that H2S can reduce neuroinflammation in a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury through regulating the miR-9-5p/CXCL11 axis and restoring β-synthase expression, thereby playing a role in reducing neuroinflammation in hypoxic ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zige Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chengcheng Gai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuwen Yu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Danqing Xin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Gao XY, Li XY, Zhang CY, Bai CY. Scopoletin: a review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1268464. [PMID: 38464713 PMCID: PMC10923241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1268464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Scopoletin is a coumarin synthesized by diverse medicinal and edible plants, which plays a vital role as a therapeutic and chemopreventive agent in the treatment of a variety of diseases. In this review, an overview of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of scopoletin is provided. In addition, the prospects and outlook for future studies are appraised. Scopoletin is indicated to have antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-oxidation, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties and immunomodulatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental trials. In addition, it is an inhibitor of various enzymes, including choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated the low bioavailability, rapid absorption, and extensive metabolism of scopoletin. These properties may be associated with its poor solubility in aqueous media. In addition, toxicity research indicates the non-toxicity of scopoletin to most cell types tested to date, suggesting that scopoletin will neither induce treatment-associated mortality nor abnormal performance with the test dose. Considering its favorable pharmacological activities, scopoletin has the potential to act as a drug candidate in the treatment of cancer, liver disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and mental disorders. In view of its merits and limitations, scopoletin is a suitable lead compound for the development of new, efficient, and low-toxicity derivatives. Additional studies are needed to explore its molecular mechanisms and targets, verify its toxicity, and promote its oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Gao
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Xu-Yang Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Chun-Ying Bai
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
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Zhou S, Tu L, Chen W, Yan G, Guo H, Wang X, Hu Q, Liu H, Li F. Alzheimer's disease, a metabolic disorder: Clinical advances and basic model studies (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:63. [PMID: 38234618 PMCID: PMC10792406 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment that is aggravated with age. The pathological manifestations include extracellular amyloid deposition, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and loss of neurons. As the world population ages, the incidence of AD continues to increase, not only posing a significant threat to the well-being and health of individuals but also bringing a heavy burden to the social economy. There is epidemiological evidence suggesting a link between AD and metabolic diseases, which share pathological similarities. This potential link would deserve further consideration; however, the pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy of AD remain to be further explored. The complex pathogenesis and pathological changes of AD pose a great challenge to the choice of experimental animal models. To understand the role of metabolic diseases in the development of AD and the potential use of drugs for metabolic diseases, the present article reviews the research progress of the comorbidity of AD with diabetes, obesity and hypercholesterolemia, and summarizes the different roles of animal models in the study of AD to provide references for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Limin Tu
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Gangli Yan
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Guo
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Huiqing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Fengguang Li
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
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Ji Y, Ma Y, Ma Y, Wang Y, Zhao X, Jin D, Xu L, Ge S. Rutin prevents pyroptosis and M1 microglia via Nrf2/Mac-1/caspase-1-mediated inflammasome axis to improve POCD. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111290. [PMID: 38064815 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation following peripheral surgery plays a key role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) development and there is no effective therapy to inflammation-mediated cognitive impairment. Recent studies showed that rutin, a natural flavonoid compound, conferred neuroprotection. However, the effects and mechanisms of rutin on cognition of surgical and aged mice and LPS-induced BV2 need deeper exploration. METHODS The effect of rutin in vivo and vitro were evaluated by Morris water maze test, HE stainin, Golgi-Cox staining, IF, IHC, RT-PCR, Flow Cytometer and Western blotting. In vivo, aged mice were treated with rutin and surgery. In vitro, rutin, Nrf2 knockdown, MAC-1 overexpression and VX765, a caspase-1 inhibitor, were administration on BV2 microglial cells. RESULTS Surgery led to compensatory increase in nuclear Nrf2 and rutin could further increase it. Neural damage was accompanied with high level in MAC-1, caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis and M1 microglia, while rutin recovered the process. Nrf2 inhibition abolished the effect of rutin with the increase of MAC-1, caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis and M1 microglia. Activation of MAC-1 abrogated protection of rutin by increase in pyroptosis and M1 microglia. Finally, we found that treatment with VX765 improved injury and increased M2 microglia against overexpression of MAC-1. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that rutin may be a potential therapy in POCD and exerted neural protection via Nrf2/ Mac-1/ caspase-1-mediated inflammasome axis to regulate pyroptosis and microglial polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelong Ji
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yimei Ma
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xining Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Danfeng Jin
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shengjin Ge
- Department of Anaesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032 China.
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Lai AY, Almanza DLV, Ribeiro JA, Hill ME, Mandrozos M, Koletar MM, Stefanovic B, McLaurin J. Obesity Facilitates Sex-Specific Improvement In Cognition And Neuronal Function In A Rat Model Of Alzheimer's Disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575200. [PMID: 38328066 PMCID: PMC10849478 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Obesity reduces or increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) depending on whether it is assessed in mid-life or late-life. There is currently no consensus on the relationship between obesity and AD or the mechanism or their interaction. Here, we aim to differentiate the cause-and-effect relationship between obesity and AD in a controlled rat model of AD. We induced obesity in 9-month-old TgF344-AD rats, that is pathology-load wise similar to early symptomatic phase of human AD. To more accurately model human obesity, we fed both TgF344-AD and non-transgenic littermates a varied high-carbohydrate-high-fat diet consisting of human food for 3 months. Obesity increased overall glucose metabolism and slowed cognitive decline in TgF344-AD rats, specifically executive function, without affecting non-transgenic rats. Pathological analyses of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus showed that obesity in TgF344-AD rats produced varied effects, with increased density of myelin and oligodendrocytes, lowered density and activation of microglia that we propose contributes to the cognitive improvement. However, obesity also decreased neuronal density, and promoted deposition of amyloid-beta plaques and tau inclusions. After 6 months on the high-carbohydrate-high-fat diet, detrimental effects on density of neurons, amyloid-beta plaques, and tau inclusions persisted while the beneficial effects on myelin, microglia, and cognitive functions remained albeit with a lower effect size. By examining the effect of sex, we found that both beneficial and detrimental effects of obesity were stronger in female TgF344-AD rats indicating that obesity during early symptomatic phase of AD is protective in females.
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Rodrigues T, Bressan GN, Krum BN, Soares FAA, Fachinetto R. Influence of the dose of ketamine used on schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice: A correlation study with TH, GAD 67, and PPAR-γ. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 233:173658. [PMID: 37804866 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating mental illness that has not yet been completely understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on the positive- and negative-like symptoms of schizophrenia. We also explored whether these effects are related to changes in the immunoreactivity of GAD67, TH, and PPAR-γ in brain structures. To conduct the study, male mice received ketamine (20-40 mg/kg) or its vehicle (0.9 % NaCl) intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days. We quantified stereotyped behavior, the time of immobility in the forced swimming test (FST), and locomotor activity after 7 or 14 days. In addition, we performed ex vivo analysis of the immunoreactivity of GAD, TH, and PPAR-γ, in brain tissues after 14 days. The results showed that ketamine administration for 14 days increased the grooming time in the nose region at all tested doses. It also increased immobility in the FST at 30 mg/kg doses and decreased the number of rearing cycles during stereotyped behavior at 40 mg/kg. These behavioral effects were not associated with changes in locomotor activity. We did not observe any significant alterations regarding the immunoreactivity of brain proteins. However, we found that GAD and TH were positively correlated with the number of rearing during the stereotyped behavior at doses of 20 and 30 mg/kg ketamine, respectively. GAD was positively correlated with the number of rearing in the open field test at a dose of 20 mg/kg. TH was inversely correlated with immobility time in the FST at a dose of 30 mg/kg. PPAR-γ was inversely correlated with the number of bouts of stereotyped behavior at a dose of 40 mg/kg of ketamine. In conclusion, the behavioral alterations induced by ketamine in positive-like symptoms were reproduced with all doses tested and appear to depend on the modulatory effects of TH, GAD, and PPAR-γ. Conversely, negative-like symptoms were associated with a specific dose of ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Getulio Nicola Bressan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Nunes Krum
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselei Fachinetto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Zheng Y, Zhang X, Zhang R, Wang Z, Gan J, Gao Q, Yang L, Xu P, Jiang X. Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:111. [PMID: 37800614 PMCID: PMC10558228 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis poses a persistent obstacle to drug development. In recent times, neuroinflammation has emerged as a crucial pathogenic mechanism of AD, and the targeting of inflammation has become a viable approach for the prevention and management of AD. The present study conducted a comprehensive review of the literature between October 2012 and October 2022, identifying a total of 96 references, encompassing 91 distinct pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their potential impact on AD by inhibiting neuroinflammation. Research has shown that pharmaceuticals have the potential to ameliorate AD by reducing neuroinflammation mainly through regulating inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF‑κB, MAPK, NLRP3, PPARs, STAT3, CREB, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and their respective signaling pathways. Among them, tanshinone IIA has been extensively studied for its anti‑inflammatory effects, which have shown significant pharmacological properties and can be applied clinically. Thus, it may hold promise as an effective drug for the treatment of AD. The present review elucidated the inflammatory signaling pathways of pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their therapeutic efficacy in AD and elucidates their underlying mechanisms. This underscores the auspicious potential of pharmaceuticals in ameliorating AD by impeding neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Gan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Qing Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Pengjuan Xu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Rong X, Guan H, Ouyang F, Zhou X, Li F, Tan X, Li D. The Potential Effects of Isoleucine Restricted Diet on Cognitive Impairment in High-Fat-Induced Obese Mice via Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200767. [PMID: 37658490 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) can cause lipid metabolism disorders and cognitive impairment. Isoleucine restriction can effectively alleviate lipid metabolism disorders caused by HFD but the underlying mechanisms on cognition are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty 3-month-old C57BL/6J mice are divided equally into the following groups: the control group, HFD group, and HFD Low Ile group (67% reduction in isoleucine in high fat feeds). Feeding for 11 weeks with behavioral testing, which shows that isoleucine restriction attenuates HFD-induced cognitive dysfunction. As observed by staining, isoleucine restriction inhibits HFD-induced neuronal damage and microglia activation. Furthermore, isoleucine restriction significantly increases the relative abundance of gut microbiota, decreases the proportion of Proteobacteria, and reduces the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum and brain. Isoleucine restriction reduces protein expression of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibits upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine genes and protein expression in mice brain. In addition, isoleucine restriction significantly improves insulin resistance in the brain as well as synaptic plasticity impairment. CONCLUSION Isoleucine restriction may be a potential intervention to reduce HFD-induced cognitive impairment by altering gut microbiota, reducing neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, and improving synaptic plasticity in mice brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xue Rong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Hui Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Fangxin Ouyang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
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Gao C, Zhao Y, Yang T, Gao X, Meng C. Duhuo Jisheng decoction alleviates neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain by suppressing microglial M1 polarization: a network pharmacology research. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:629. [PMID: 37635236 PMCID: PMC10463324 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NP) is the most prevalent form of chronic pain resulting from nerve damage or injury. Despite the widespread use of Duhuo Jisheng decoction (DHJSD) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat chronic pain, the mechanism underlying its analgesic action remains unclear. METHODS Using network pharmacology, we obtained DHJSD and NP-related target information from public databases to construct protein-protein interactions (PPI) and compound-target networks based on common target genes. These networks were further analyzed using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG). The interaction between molecules was verified through molecular docking using AutoDock Tools software. Additionally, we treated a chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model with DHJSD and determined the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT). We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to determine the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was employed to analyze ACHE, NOS2, MAPK3, PTGS2, AKT1, and PPARG mRNA expression, and immunofluorescence was used to evaluate changes in microglia. RESULTS Our screening of compounds and targets identified 252 potential targets of DHJSD associated with NP. PPI analysis, along with GO and KEGG analyses, revealed that the potential mechanism of DHJSD in NP treatment may be related to inflammatory reactions, the IL-17 signaling pathway, MAP kinase activity, and endocrine activity. Based on molecular docking, the core target showed significant affinity for DHJSD's active components. Moreover, DHJSD treatment repaired the CCI-induced inflammatory reaction in the spinal cord while regulating the expression of ACHE, NOS2, MAPK3, PTGS2, AKT1, and PPARG mRNA. Immunofluorescence results indicated that the active components of DHJSD may regulate microglial M1 polarization to improve neuroinflammation, PPARG may have been involved in the process. CONCLUSION The multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway actions of DHJSD provide new insights into its therapeutic mechanism in NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcan Gao
- Department of Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Yulong Zhao
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qingdao University, Qingdao City, 266071, China
| | - Chunyang Meng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong Province, China.
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10
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Martens N, Zhan N, Voortman G, Leijten FPJ, van Rheenen C, van Leerdam S, Geng X, Huybrechts M, Liu H, Jonker JW, Kuipers F, Lütjohann D, Vanmierlo T, Mulder MT. Activation of Liver X Receptors and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors by Lipid Extracts of Brown Seaweeds: A Potential Application in Alzheimer's Disease? Nutrients 2023; 15:3004. [PMID: 37447330 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear liver X receptors (LXRα/β) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα/γ) are involved in the regulation of multiple biological processes, including lipid metabolism and inflammation. The activation of these receptors has been found to have neuroprotective effects, making them interesting therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The Asian brown seaweed Sargassum fusiforme contains both LXR-activating (oxy)phytosterols and PPAR-activating fatty acids. We have previously shown that dietary supplementation with lipid extracts of Sargassum fusiforme prevents disease progression in a mouse model of AD, without inducing adverse effects associated with synthetic pan-LXR agonists. We now determined the LXRα/β- and PPARα/γ-activating capacity of lipid extracts of six European brown seaweed species (Alaria esculenta, Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus, Himanthalia elongata, Saccharina latissima, and Sargassum muticum) and the Asian seaweed Sargassum fusiforme using a dual luciferase reporter assay. We analyzed the sterol and fatty acid profiles of the extracts by GC-MS and UPLC MS/MS, respectively, and determined their effects on the expression of LXR and PPAR target genes in several cell lines using quantitative PCR. All extracts were found to activate LXRs, with the Himanthalia elongata extract showing the most pronounced efficacy, comparable to Sargassum fusiforme, for LXR activation and transcriptional regulation of LXR-target genes. Extracts of Alaria esculenta, Fucus vesiculosus, and Saccharina latissima showed the highest capacity to activate PPARα, while extracts of Alaria esculenta, Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus, and Sargassum muticum showed the highest capacity to activate PPARγ, comparable to Sargassum fusiforme extract. In CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells, all extracts induced expression of cholesterol efflux genes (ABCG1, ABCA1, and APOE) and suppressed expression of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis genes (DHCR7, DHCR24, HMGCR and SREBF2, and SREBF1, ACACA, SCD1 and FASN, respectively). Our data show that lipophilic fractions of European brown seaweeds activate LXRs and PPARs and thereby modulate lipid metabolism. These results support the potential of brown seaweeds in the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and possibly cardiometabolic and inflammatory diseases via concurrent activation of LXRs and PPARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Martens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Hasselt University, B-3590 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Na Zhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Gardi Voortman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank P J Leijten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Connor van Rheenen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van Leerdam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xicheng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Michiel Huybrechts
- Department of Environmental Biology, Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Johan W Jonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Hasselt University, B-3590 Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Division Translational Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique T Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Zhang R, Zeng M, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Lv N, Wang L, Gan J, Li Y, Jiang X, Yang L. Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer's Disease: Saponins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10505. [PMID: 37445682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug development for Alzheimer's disease, the leading cause of dementia, has been a long-standing challenge. Saponins, which are steroid or triterpenoid glycosides with various pharmacological activities, have displayed therapeutic potential in treating Alzheimer's disease. In a comprehensive review of the literature from May 2007 to May 2023, we identified 63 references involving 40 different types of saponins that have been studied for their effects on Alzheimer's disease. These studies suggest that saponins have the potential to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid beta peptide deposition, inhibiting tau phosphorylation, modulating oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and antiapoptosis. Most intriguingly, ginsenoside Rg1 and pseudoginsenoside-F11 possess these important pharmacological properties and show the best promise for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides a summary and classification of common saponins that have been studied for their therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease, showcasing their underlying mechanisms. This highlights the promising potential of saponins for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Nuan Lv
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Luming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiali Gan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yawen Li
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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12
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Sun JX, Zhu KY, Wang YM, Wang DJ, Zhang MZ, Sarlus H, Benito-Cuesta I, Zhao XQ, Zou ZF, Zhong QY, Feng Y, Wu S, Wang YQ, Harris RA, Wang J. Activation of TRPV1 receptor facilitates myelin repair following demyelination via the regulation of microglial function. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:766-779. [PMID: 36229601 PMCID: PMC10043010 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-01000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel that is activated by capsaicin (CAP), the main component of chili pepper. Despite studies in several neurological diseases, the role of TRPV1 in demyelinating diseases remains unknown. Herein, we reported that TRPV1 expression was increased within the corpus callosum during demyelination in a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination mouse model. TRPV1 deficiency exacerbated motor coordinative dysfunction and demyelination in CPZ-treated mice, whereas the TRPV1 agonist CAP improved the behavioral performance and facilitated remyelination. TRPV1 was predominantly expressed in Iba1+ microglia/macrophages in human brain sections of multiple sclerosis patients and mouse corpus callosum under demyelinating conditions. TRPV1 deficiency decreased microglial recruitment to the corpus callosum, with an associated increase in the accumulation of myelin debris. Conversely, the activation of TRPV1 by CAP enhanced the recruitment of microglia to the corpus callosum and potentiated myelin debris clearance. Using real-time live imaging we confirmed an increased phagocytic function of microglia following CAP treatment. In addition, the expression of the scavenger receptor CD36 was increased, and that of the glycolysis regulators Hif1a and Hk2 was decreased. We conclude that TRPV1 is an important regulator of microglial function in the context of demyelination and may serve as a promising therapeutic target for demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xian Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ke-Ying Zhu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu-Meng Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dan-Jie Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mi-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Heela Sarlus
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irene Benito-Cuesta
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zao-Feng Zou
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Qing-Yang Zhong
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan-Qing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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13
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Shared Genes of PPARG and NOS2 in Alzheimer’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis Drive Macrophages and Microglia Polarization: Evidence from Bioinformatics Analysis and Following Validation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065651. [PMID: 36982725 PMCID: PMC10058634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that peripheral systemic inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), has a close even interaction with central nervous disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study is designed to further clarify the relationship between AD and ulcerative colitis (UC, a subclass of IBD). The GEO database was used to download gene expression profiles for AD (GSE5281) and UC (GSE47908). Bioinformatics analysis included GSEA, KEGG pathway, Gene Ontology (GO), WikiPathways, PPI network, and hub gene identification. After screening the shared genes, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence were used to verify the reliability of the dataset and further confirm the shared genes. GSEA, KEGG, GO, and WikiPathways suggested that PPARG and NOS2 were identified as shared genes and hub genes by cytoHubba in AD and UC and further validated via qRT-PCR and Western blot. Our work identified PPARG and NOS2 are shared genes of AD and UC. They drive macrophages and microglia heterogeneous polarization, which may be potential targets for treating neural dysfunction induced by systemic inflammation and vice versa.
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Zhao T, Wang D, Wu D, Du J, Zhao M, Peng F, Zhang M, Zhou W, Hao A. Astilbin attenuates neonatal postnatal immune activation-induced long-lasting cognitive impairment in adult mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
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15
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He Z, Li X, Zhang H, Liu X, Han S, Abdurahman A, Shen L, Du X, Li N, Yang X, Liu Q. A novel vanadium complex VO(p-dmada) inhibits neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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16
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Chandra S, Sisodia SS, Vassar RJ. The gut microbiome in Alzheimer's disease: what we know and what remains to be explored. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:9. [PMID: 36721148 PMCID: PMC9889249 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, results in a sustained decline in cognition. There are currently few effective disease modifying therapies for AD, but insights into the mechanisms that mediate the onset and progression of disease may lead to new, effective therapeutic strategies. Amyloid beta oligomers and plaques, tau aggregates, and neuroinflammation play a critical role in neurodegeneration and impact clinical AD progression. The upstream modulators of these pathological features have not been fully clarified, but recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiome (GMB) may have an influence on these features and therefore may influence AD progression in human patients. In this review, we summarize studies that have identified alterations in the GMB that correlate with pathophysiology in AD patients and AD mouse models. Additionally, we discuss findings with GMB manipulations in AD models and potential GMB-targeted therapeutics for AD. Lastly, we discuss diet, sleep, and exercise as potential modifiers of the relationship between the GMB and AD and conclude with future directions and recommendations for further studies of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhanth Chandra
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA ,grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Robert J. Vassar
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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17
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Tao Q, Yang D, Qin K, Liu L, Jin M, Zhang F, Zhu J, Wang J, Luo Q, Du J, Yu L, Shen J, Chu D. Studies on the mechanism of Toxoplasma gondii Chinese 1 genotype Wh6 strain causing mice abnormal cognitive behavior. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:30. [PMID: 36698166 PMCID: PMC9875435 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease presents an abnormal cognitive behavior. TgCtwh6 is one of the predominant T. gondii strains prevalent in China. Although T. gondii type II strain infection can cause host cognitive behavioral abnormalities, we do not know whether TgCtwh6 could also cause host cognitive behavioral changes. So, in this study, we will focus on the effect of TgCtwh6 on mouse cognitive behavior and try in vivo and in vitro to explore the underlying mechanism by which TgCtwh6 give rise to mice cognitive behavior changes at the cellular and molecular level. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were infected orally with TgCtwh6 cysts. From day 90 post-infection on, all mice were conducted through the open field test and then Morris water maze test to evaluate cognitive behavior. The morphology and number of cells in hippocampus were examined with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining; moreover, Aβ protein in hippocampus was determined with immunohistochemistry and thioflavin S plaque staining. Synaptotagmin 1, apoptosis-related proteins, BACE1 and APP proteins and genes from hippocampus were assessed by western blotting or qRT-PCR. Hippocampal neuronal cell line or mouse microglial cell line was challenged with TgCtwh6 tachyzoites and then separately cultured in a well or co-cultured in a transwell device. The target proteins and genes were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining, western blotting and qRT-PCR. In addition, mouse microglial cell line polarization state and hippocampal neuronal cell line apoptosis were estimated using flow cytometry assay. RESULTS The OFT and MWMT indicated that infected mice had cognitive behavioral impairments. The hippocampal tissue assay showed abnormal neuron morphology and a decreased number in infected mice. Moreover, pro-apoptotic proteins, as well as BACE1, APP and Aβ proteins, increased in the infected mouse hippocampus. The experiments in vitro showed that pro-apoptotic proteins and p-NF-κBp65, NF-κBp65, BACE1, APP and Aβ proteins or genes were significantly increased in the infected HT22. In addition, CD80, pro-inflammatory factors, notch, hes1 proteins and genes were enhanced in the infected BV2. Interestingly, not only the APP and pro-apoptotic proteins in HT22, but also the apoptosis rate of HT22 increased after the infected BV2 were co-cultured with the HT22 in a transwell device. CONCLUSIONS Neuron apoptosis, Aβ deposition and neuroinflammatory response involved with microglia polarization are the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which TgCtwh6 causes mouse cognitive behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tao
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Microbiology & Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Di Yang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Microbiology & Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kunpeng Qin
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Liu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Department of Blood Transfusion, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mengmeng Jin
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XMaternity and Child Health Hospital of Anhui Province, The Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Famin Zhang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Wang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingli Luo
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Microbiology & Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Du
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Yu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jilong Shen
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Microbiology & Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Deyong Chu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Microbiology & Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Jiao Y, Wu G. Optimizing the Time Window of Minimally Invasive Stereotactic Surgery for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation Combined with Rosiglitazone Infusion Therapy in Rabbits. World Neurosurg 2022; 165:e265-e275. [PMID: 35697232 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effects of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in combination with rosiglitazone (RSG) on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and determine the optimal time window. METHODS An ICH rabbit model was constructed using the injection of autologous arterial blood and then treated with RSG, MIS, and MIS combined with RSG at 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours. Thereafter, rabbits that underwent different treatments were used to measure the neurological deficit score, brain water content, and glutamate content. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CD36 in the different groups was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. In addition, oxidative stress-related and inflammation-related genes were examined. RESULTS Brain computed tomography indicated that an ICH rabbit model was successfully established. Compared to those in the control rabbits, the neurological deficit scores, brain water content, and glutamate content in the ICH rabbits were significantly increased at each time window (P < 0.05), while they were decreased at each time window after MIS combined with RSG treatment and declined to the lowest at 6 hours. Additionally, ICH significantly upregulated PPARγ and CD36 expression (P < 0.05). Moreover, superoxide dismutase content decreased after ICH, and nitric oxide synthase 2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 beta mRNA expression was upregulated, whereas MIS combined with RSG treatment reversed the levels caused by ICH. CONCLUSIONS Evacuation of MIS hematoma combined with RSG infusion at an early stage (6 hours) may attenuate secondary brain damage caused by ICH by regulating the PPARγ/CD36 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiao
- Department of Emergency Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Guofeng Wu
- Department of Emergency Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.
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Amelianchik A, Sweetland-Martin L, Norris EH. The effect of dietary fat consumption on Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis in mouse models. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:293. [PMID: 35869065 PMCID: PMC9307654 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02067-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal cognitive disorder with proteinaceous brain deposits, neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular dysfunction, and extensive neuronal loss over time. AD is a multifactorial disease, and lifestyle factors, including diet, are likely associated with the development of AD pathology. Since obesity and diabetes are recognized as risk factors for AD, it might be predicted that a high-fat diet (HFD) would worsen AD pathology. However, modeling HFD-induced obesity in AD animal models has yielded inconclusive results. Some studies report a deleterious effect of HFD on Aβ accumulation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive function, while others report that HFD worsens memory without affecting AD brain pathology. Moreover, several studies report no major effect of HFD on AD-related phenotypes in mice, while other studies show that HFD might, in fact, be protective. The lack of a clear association between dietary fat consumption and AD-related pathology and cognitive function in AD mouse models might be explained by experimental variations, including AD mouse model, sex and age of the animals, composition of the HFD, and timeline of HFD consumption. In this review, we summarize recent studies that aimed at elucidating the effect of HFD-induced obesity on AD-related pathology in mice and provide an overview of the factors that may have contributed to the results reported in these studies. Based on the heterogeneity of these animal model studies and given that the human population itself is quite disparate, it is likely that people will benefit most from individualized nutritional plans based on their medical history and clinical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Amelianchik
- Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology & Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Sweetland-Martin
- Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology & Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin H Norris
- Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology & Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA.
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Salas-Venegas V, Flores-Torres RP, Rodríguez-Cortés YM, Rodríguez-Retana D, Ramírez-Carreto RJ, Concepción-Carrillo LE, Pérez-Flores LJ, Alarcón-Aguilar A, López-Díazguerrero NE, Gómez-González B, Chavarría A, Konigsberg M. The Obese Brain: Mechanisms of Systemic and Local Inflammation, and Interventions to Reverse the Cognitive Deficit. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:798995. [PMID: 35422689 PMCID: PMC9002268 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.798995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are now considered a worldwide pandemic and a growing public health problem with severe economic and social consequences. Adipose tissue is an organ with neuroimmune-endocrine functions, which participates in homeostasis. So, adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia induce a state of chronic inflammation that causes changes in the brain and induce neuroinflammation. Studies with obese animal models and obese patients have shown a relationship between diet and cognitive decline, especially working memory and learning deficiencies. Here we analyze how obesity-related peripheral inflammation can affect central nervous system physiology, generating neuroinflammation. Given that the blood-brain barrier is an interface between the periphery and the central nervous system, its altered physiology in obesity may mediate the consequences on various cognitive processes. Finally, several interventions, and the use of natural compounds and exercise to prevent the adverse effects of obesity in the brain are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Salas-Venegas
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa Pamela Flores-Torres
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yesica María Rodríguez-Cortés
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Retana
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Jair Ramírez-Carreto
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Edgar Concepción-Carrillo
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Josefina Pérez-Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Alarcón-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Edith López-Díazguerrero
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Gómez-González
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mina Konigsberg
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Mina Konigsberg,
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21
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Medrano-Jiménez E, Meza-Sosa KF, Urbán-Aragón JA, Secundino I, Pedraza-Alva G, Pérez-Martínez L. Microglial activation in Alzheimer's disease: The role of flavonoids and microRNAs. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:47-77. [PMID: 35293018 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr1021-531r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of senile dementia and is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neuronal degeneration. Microglial activation is an important pathologic hallmark of AD. During disease progression, microglial cells switch from an alternative or anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective profile (M2) to a classic or proinflammatory and neurotoxic profile (M1). Phenotypically, M1 microglia is characterized by the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways that cause increased expression of proinflammatory genes, including those coding for cytokines and chemokines. This microglia-mediated neuroinflammation contributes to neuronal cell death. Recent studies in microglial cells have shown that a group of plant-derived compounds, known as flavonoids, possess anti-inflammatory properties and therefore exert a neuroprotective effect through regulating microglia activation. Here, we discuss how flavonoids can promote the switch from an inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in microglia and how this represents a valuable opportunity for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to blunt neuroinflammation and boost neuronal recovery in AD. We also review how certain flavonoids can inhibit neuroinflammation through their action on the expression of microglia-specific microRNAs (miRNAs), which also constitute a key therapeutic approach in different neuropathologies involving an inflammatory component, including AD. Finally, we propose novel targets of microglia-specific miRNAs that may be considered for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Medrano-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Karla F Meza-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - José A Urbán-Aragón
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ismael Secundino
- Universidad De La Salle Bajío, Facultad de Odontología y Escuela de Veterinaria, León-Guanajuato, México
| | - Gustavo Pedraza-Alva
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Leonor Pérez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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22
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Guan Y, Zhang L, Wang S, Deng Y, Zhou H, Chen D, Zhang L. The role of microglia in Alzheimer's disease and progress of treatment. IBRAIN 2022; 8:37-47. [PMID: 37786418 PMCID: PMC10529349 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are permanent immune cells of the central nervous system. Microglia play an important role in the pathological process of Alzheimer's disease (AD). They are mainly involved in the uptake and clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ), as well as the formation of neuroinflammation. We found that overactivated microglia increase Aβ and Tau, and Aβ and Tau in turn act as activators of microglia. Additionally, various cytokines and proteins, high cholesterol, and telomere shortening are all associated with microglia activation. More activated microglia induce the release of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors to regulate inflammation, while microglia express multiple homologous receptors that bind to neuroimmunomodulators to prevent microglia overactivation. Moreover, aging of the body promotes neuroinflammation by increasing the response to IFN-γ (interferon-γ), and aging of the microglia themselves promotes AD by inducing the accumulation of large amounts of iron and reducing autophagy by regulating protein levels. Cognitive dysfunction occurs when activated microglia induce an increase in beta oligomers, promoting the production of pro-inflammatory factors that alter the shape, composition, and density of synapses. Based on their correlation, microglia-mediated AD therapy as well as the corresponding targets and drugs are discussed. In contrast to similar reviews, this article also summarizes some novel microglia-mediated AD treatment methods over the recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Huan Guan
- Department of AnesthesiologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Ling‐Jing Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Shi‐Ya Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Ya‐Dan Deng
- Department of AnesthesiologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Hong‐Su Zhou
- Department of AnesthesiaGraduate School of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Dong‐Qing Chen
- Department of AnesthesiaGraduate School of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Lan‐Chun Zhang
- Department of ZoologyKunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
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23
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Li P, Wu Y, Hamlett ED, Goodwin AJ, Halushka PV, Carroll SL, Liu M, Fan H. Suppression of Fli-1 protects against pericyte loss and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1451-1464. [PMID: 35038582 PMCID: PMC9077320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow, maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and facilitate the removal of amyloid β (Aβ) which is critical to healthy brain activity. Pericyte loss has been observed in brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and animal models. Our previous data demonstrated that friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli-1), an ETS transcription factor, governs pericyte viability in murine sepsis; however, the role of Fli-1 and its impact on pericyte loss in AD remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that Fli-1 expression was up-regulated in postmortem brains from a cohort of human AD donors and in 5xFAD mice, which corresponded with a decreased pericyte number, elevated inflammatory mediators, and increased Aβ accumulation as compared to cognitively normal individuals and WT mice. Antisense oligonucleotide Fli-1 Gapmer administrated via intrahippocampal injection decelerated pericyte loss, decreased inflammatory response, ameliorated cognitive deficits, improved BBB dysfunction, and reduced Aβ deposition in 5xFAD mice. Fli-1 Gapmer-mediated inhibition of Fli-1 protected against Aβ accumulation-induced human brain pericyte apoptosis in vitro. Overall, these studies indicate that Fli-1 contributes to pericyte loss, inflammatory response, Aβ deposition, vascular dysfunction and cognitive decline, and suggest that inhibition of Fli-1 may represent novel therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Eric D Hamlett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Andrew J Goodwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Perry V Halushka
- Department of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425; Department of Pharmacology and, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Steven L Carroll
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Hongkuan Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425.
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24
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Yadav G, Ansari TM, Shamim A, Roy S, Khan MMU, Ahsan F, Shariq M, Parveen S, Wasim R. Herbal Plethora for Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders:
An Invigorating Outlook. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401317666210913094938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
Oxidative stress, proteasomal impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction,
and accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates have shovelled a major section of the senior
population towards neurodegenerative disorders. Although age, genetic and environmental factors
are thought to play a significant role, drug abuse is considered to be a potent trigger in
Parkinsonism among the young generation. The present study is a critical examination of herbal
resources for attenuation of neurodegeneration.
Materials and Methods:
The following electronic databases have been used to search for literature:
MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE
Results :
Paying heed to the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and
Parkinson’s, the current review encompasses the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration at the cellular
level and possible prospects to overcome the challenge sailing through the ocean of herbal
boon. The United States’s Alzheimer’s Association states that deaths attributable to heart disease
in the country fell by 11% between 2000 and 2015, while deaths from neurodegenerative
diseases increased by a staggering 123% making it, the world’s sixth-leading cause of death.
The irreversible pathological damage amounts to cognitive loss, dementia, Amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease (PD) Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Various herbal drugs like Brahmi, Shankhpushpi, and Amla are reported to be rich in phytoconstituents
like flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, fatty acids, sterols, tannins, saponins, and
terpenes that have remarkable antioxidant potential and could be explored for the same to prevent
neuronal necrosis.
Conclusion:
It is also believed that herbal medicines are more effective and less toxic than
synthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Yadav
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | | | - Arshiya Shamim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Supriya Roy
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy,
Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh 226028, India
| | - Mohd Masih Uzzaman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry &
Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Al-qassim Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Farogh Ahsan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Mohammad Shariq
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Saba Parveen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Rufaida Wasim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026 , India
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25
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Gunasekaran V, Avarachan J, Augustine A, Khayum A, R A. 3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid ameliorates acquired, consolidated and recognitive memory deficits through the regulation of hippocampal PPAR γ, MMP9 and MMP2 genes in dementia model. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08523. [PMID: 34926858 PMCID: PMC8646985 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic Phytomolecule 3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) from Frankincense family has proven for the neuroprotection and recognized as an orphan drug for the treatment of cerebral edema. Nonetheless, AKBA have promising indications with Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) associated to cognitive function not deliberated so far. In order to substantiate the potential role of AKBA on memory function, we examine the contribution of PPARγ activation and its downstream process. Modified method of scopolamine induced dementia rats were treated with AKBA (5, 10&15 mg/kg,i.p) and Donepezil (2.5 mg/kg,i.p). Scopolamine induced short term spatial, working memory and recognition memory impairment was reversed significantly after AKBA treatment. AKBA administration diminished the Acetylcholine esterase (AchE) activity and preserved brain GABA and glutamate mediated neuronal excitability. Further, gene expression study reveals AKBA ameliorates the memory impairment via activating PPARγ and its downstream regulators, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) genes in hippocampus. This study concludes that the treatment with AKBA can be a novel Phyto-molecule of interest for treating dementia via up-regulating hippocampus genes mediated cholinergic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Gunasekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jinu Avarachan
- Department of Pharmacology, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitta Augustine
- Department of Pharmacology, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul Khayum
- Department of Pharmacognosy, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivukkarasu R
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, India
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26
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Terzo S, Amato A, Mulè F. From obesity to Alzheimer's disease through insulin resistance. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:108026. [PMID: 34454830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most frequent forms of dementia. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Obesity is regarded as abnormal fat accumulation with deleterious impact on human health. There is full scientific evidence that obesity and the metabolic comorbidities (e.g., insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, and type 2 diabetes) are related to Alzheimer's disease and likely in the causative pathway. Numerous studies have identified several overlapping neurodegenerative mechanisms, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. In this review, we present how obesity and the associated lipotoxicity as well as chronic inflammation initiate a state of insulin resistance that in turn, may have a role in causing the characteristic cerebral alterations of AD. In particular, we focus on the molecular mechanisms linking the obesity-induced impairment in insulin signalling to the upregulation of Aβ aggregation, tau hyper-phosphorylation, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Terzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128, Italy.
| | - Antonella Amato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128, Italy.
| | - Flavia Mulè
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128, Italy.
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27
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Prowse N, Hayley S. Microglia and BDNF at the crossroads of stressor related disorders: Towards a unique trophic phenotype. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:135-163. [PMID: 34537262 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stressors ranging from psychogenic/social to neurogenic/injury to systemic/microbial can impact microglial inflammatory processes, but less is known regarding their effects on trophic properties of microglia. Recent studies do suggest that microglia can modulate neuronal plasticity, possibly through brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This is particularly important given the link between BDNF and neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative pathology. We posit that certain activated states of microglia play a role in maintaining the delicate balance of BDNF release onto neuronal synapses. This focused review will address how different "activators" influence the expression and release of microglial BDNF and address the question of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression on microglia. We will then assess sex-based differences in microglial function and BDNF expression, and how microglia are involved in the stress response and related disorders such as depression. Drawing on research from a variety of other disorders, we will highlight challenges and opportunities for modulators that can shift microglia to a "trophic" phenotype with a view to potential therapeutics relevant for stressor-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Prowse
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Shawn Hayley
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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28
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Rosiglitazone Alleviates Mechanical Allodynia of Rats with Bone Cancer Pain through the Activation of PPAR- γ to Inhibit the NF- κB/NLRP3 Inflammatory Axis in Spinal Cord Neurons. PPAR Res 2021; 2021:6086265. [PMID: 34484316 PMCID: PMC8413064 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6086265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain (BCP) is a serious clinical problem that affects the quality of life of cancer patients. However, the current treatment methods for this condition are still unsatisfactory. This study investigated whether intrathecal injection of rosiglitazone modulates the noxious behaviors associated with BCP, and the possible mechanisms related to this effect were explored. We found that rosiglitazone treatment relieved bone cancer-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in a dose-dependent manner, promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in spinal cord neurons, and inhibited the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory axis induced by BCP. However, concurrent administration of the PPAR-γ antagonist GW9662 reversed these effects. The results show that rosiglitazone inhibits the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammation axis by activating PPAR-γ in spinal neurons, thereby alleviating BCP. Therefore, the PPAR-γ/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway may be a potential target for the treatment of BCP in the future.
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29
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Ettcheto M, Sánchez-Lopez E, Cano A, Carrasco M, Herrera K, Manzine PR, Espinosa-Jimenez T, Busquets O, Verdaguer E, Olloquequi J, Auladell C, Folch J, Camins A. Dexibuprofen ameliorates peripheral and central risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease in metabolically stressed APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:141. [PMID: 34294142 PMCID: PMC8296685 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies stablished a relationship between metabolic disturbances and Alzheimer´s disease (AD) where inflammation plays a pivotal role. However, mechanisms involved still remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate central and peripheral effects of dexibuprofen (DXI) in the progression of AD in APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) female mice, a familial AD model, fed with high fat diet (HFD). Animals were fed either with conventional chow or with HFD, from their weaning until their sacrifice, at 6 months. Moreover, mice were divided into subgroups to which were administered drinking water or water supplemented with DXI (20 mg kg-1 d-1) for 3 months. Before sacrifice, body weight, intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance test (IP-ITT) were performed to evaluate peripheral parameters and also behavioral tests to determine cognitive decline. Moreover, molecular studies such as Western blot and RT-PCR were carried out in liver to confirm metabolic effects and in hippocampus to analyze several pathways considered hallmarks in AD. RESULTS Our studies demonstrate that DXI improved metabolic alterations observed in transgenic animals fed with HFD in vivo, data in accordance with those obtained at molecular level. Moreover, an improvement of cognitive decline and neuroinflammation among other alterations associated with AD were observed such as beta-amyloid plaque accumulation and unfolded protein response. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, evidence suggest that chronic administration of DXI prevents the progression of AD through the regulation of inflammation which contribute to improve hallmarks of this pathology. Thus, this compound could constitute a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of AD in a combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Ettcheto
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Unitat de Farmacologia I Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia I Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27/31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elena Sánchez-Lopez
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda Cano
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Fundació ACE. Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades - International University of Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Carrasco
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, University Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Katherine Herrera
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia R Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Triana Espinosa-Jimenez
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neurosciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City (10461), USA
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Carme Auladell
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Folch
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, University Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Gong X, Liang Z, Liu W, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Wu M, Shang J, Xiao Y, Mei Y, Su Q, Sun B, Bao J, Shu X. High fat diet aggravates AD-related pathogenic processes in APP/PS1 mice. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 18:310-325. [PMID: 34212829 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666210628100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and negative life-style factors may contribute to its etiopathogenesis. Substantial evidence from humans and murine models reveal that Insulin Resistance (IR) associated with high fat diet (HFD) increase the risk of developing AD and age-related amyloidogenesis. OBJECTIVE To corroborate and clarify the influence of HFD on amyloidogenesis and cognitive deficits in AD model mice. RESULTS We here show that a four months HFD-feeding increases IR in both the periphery and brain of APP/PS1 mice, which are used as AD model. Meanwhile, long term HFD exacerbates cognitive defects and impairs dendritic integrity and expressions of synaptic proteins in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, HFD induces an increase in β-secretase (BACE1) expression and a decrease in insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) expression, resulting in β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that long term HFD, with the accompanying IR, promotes Aβ toxicity and cognitive deficits, indicating that modifiable life-style hazards such as HFD-induced IR might contribute to AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Gong
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Zheng Liang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of bioengineering and food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Youhua Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengjuan Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Jinting Shang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Yifan Xiao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Yong Mei
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Qiqi Su
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Binlian Sun
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Jian Bao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
| | - Xiji Shu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, China
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He Z, Li X, Han S, Ren B, Hu X, Li N, Du X, Ni J, Yang X, Liu Q. Bis(ethylmaltolato)oxidovanadium (IV) attenuates amyloid-beta-mediated neuroinflammation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway via a PPARγ-dependent mechanism. Metallomics 2021; 13:6298233. [PMID: 34124763 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. During brain neuroinflammation, activated microglial cells resulting from amyloid-beta (Aβ) overload trigger toxic proinflammatory responses. Bis(ethylmaltolato)oxidovanadium (BEOV) (IV), an important vanadium compound, has been reported to have anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective effects, but its anti-inflammatory property has rarely been investigated. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of BEOV on neuroinflammation were revealed in both Aβ-stimulated BV2 microglial cell line and APPswe/PS1E9 transgenic mouse brain. BEOV administration significantly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 both in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1E9 mice and in the Aβ-stimulated BV2 microglia. Furthermore, BEOV suppressed the Aβ-induced activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling and upregulated the protein expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in a dose-dependent manner. PPARγ inhibitor GW9662 could eliminate the effect of BEOV on Aβ-induced NF-κB activation and proinflammatory mediator production. Taken altogether, these findings suggested that BEOV ameliorates Aβ-stimulated neuroinflammation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway through a PPARγ-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Shuangxue Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Bingyu Ren
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Xia Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Nan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiubo Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.,Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiazuan Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xiaogai Yang
- State Key Laboratories of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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The Moringin/α-CD Pretreatment Induces Neuroprotection in an In Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease: A Transcriptomic Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:197-214. [PMID: 34073287 PMCID: PMC8929117 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and represents the most common form of senile dementia. Autophagy and mitophagy are cellular processes that play a key role in the aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau phosphorylation. As a consequence, impairment of these processes leads to the progression of AD. Thus, interest is growing in the search for new natural compounds, such as Moringin (MOR), with neuroprotective, anti-amyloidogenic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties that could be used for AD prevention. However, MOR appears to be poorly soluble and stable in water. To increase its solubility MOR was conjugated with α-cyclodextrin (MOR/α-CD). In this work, it was evaluated if MOR/α-CD pretreatment was able to exert neuroprotective effects in an AD in vitro model through the evaluation of the transcriptional profile by next-generation sequencing (NGS). To induce the AD model, retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to Aβ1-42. The MOR/α-CD pretreatment reduced the expression of the genes which encode proteins involved in senescence, autophagy, and mitophagy processes. Additionally, MOR/α-CD was able to induce neuronal remodeling modulating the axon guidance, principally downregulating the Slit/Robo signaling pathway. Noteworthy, MOR/α-CD, modulating these important pathways, may induce neuronal protection against Aβ1-42 toxicity as demonstrated also by the reduction of cleaved caspase 3. These data indicated that MOR/α-CD could attenuate the progression of the disease and promote neuronal repair.
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Carranza-Naval MJ, Vargas-Soria M, Hierro-Bujalance C, Baena-Nieto G, Garcia-Alloza M, Infante-Garcia C, del Marco A. Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes: Role of Diet, Microbiota and Inflammation in Preclinical Models. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020262. [PMID: 33578998 PMCID: PMC7916805 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Epidemiological studies show the association between AD and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), although the mechanisms are not fully understood. Dietary habits and lifestyle, that are risk factors in both diseases, strongly modulate gut microbiota composition. Also, the brain-gut axis plays a relevant role in AD, diabetes and inflammation, through products of bacterial metabolism, like short-chain fatty acids. We provide a comprehensive review of current literature on the relation between dysbiosis, altered inflammatory cytokines profile and microglia in preclinical models of AD, T2DM and models that reproduce both diseases as commonly observed in the clinic. Increased proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and TNF-α, are widely detected. Microbiome analysis shows alterations in Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes phyla, among others. Altered α- and β-diversity is observed in mice depending on genotype, gender and age; therefore, alterations in bacteria taxa highly depend on the models and approaches. We also review the use of pre- and probiotic supplements, that by favoring a healthy microbiome ameliorate AD and T2DM pathologies. Whereas extensive studies have been carried out, further research would be necessary to fully understand the relation between diet, microbiome and inflammation in AD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jose Carranza-Naval
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.C.-N.); (M.V.-S.); (C.H.-B.); (M.G.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Salus Infirmorum, Universidad de Cadiz, 11005 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Maria Vargas-Soria
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.C.-N.); (M.V.-S.); (C.H.-B.); (M.G.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
| | - Carmen Hierro-Bujalance
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.C.-N.); (M.V.-S.); (C.H.-B.); (M.G.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
| | - Gloria Baena-Nieto
- Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Department of Endocrinology, Jerez Hospital, Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Monica Garcia-Alloza
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.C.-N.); (M.V.-S.); (C.H.-B.); (M.G.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
| | - Carmen Infante-Garcia
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.C.-N.); (M.V.-S.); (C.H.-B.); (M.G.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Correspondence: (C.I.-G.); (A.d.M.)
| | - Angel del Marco
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, 11003 Cadiz, Spain; (M.J.C.-N.); (M.V.-S.); (C.H.-B.); (M.G.-A.)
- Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Correspondence: (C.I.-G.); (A.d.M.)
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Synergism and Subadditivity of Verbascoside-Lignans and -Iridoids Binary Mixtures Isolated from Castilleja tenuiflora Benth. on NF-κB/AP-1 Inhibition Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030547. [PMID: 33494340 PMCID: PMC7865359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacodynamic interactions between plant isolated compounds are important to understand the mode of action of an herbal extract to formulate or create better standardized extracts, phytomedicines, or phytopharmaceuticals. In this work, we propose binary mixtures using a leader compound to found pharmacodynamic interactions in inhibition of the NF-κB/AP-1 pathway using RAW-Blue™ cells. Eight compounds were isolated from Castilleja tenuiflora, four were new furofuran-type lignans for the species magnolin, eudesmin, sesamin, and kobusin. Magnolin (60.97%) was the most effective lignan inhibiting the NF-κB/AP-1 pathway, followed by eudesmin (56.82%), tenuifloroside (52.91%), sesamin (52.63%), and kobusin (45.45%). Verbascoside, a major compound contained in wild C. tenuiflora showed an inhibitory effect on NF-κB/AP-1. This polyphenol was chosen as a leader compound for binary mixtures. Verbacoside-aucubin and verbascoside-kobusin produced synergism, while verbascoside-tenuifloroside had subadditivity in all concentrations. Verbascoside-kobusin is a promising mixture to use on NF-κB/AP-1 related diseases and anti-inflammatory C. tenuiflora-based phytomedicines.
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Kong F, Jiang X, Wang R, Zhai S, Zhang Y, Wang D. Forsythoside B attenuates memory impairment and neuroinflammation via inhibition on NF-κB signaling in Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:305. [PMID: 33059746 PMCID: PMC7565774 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation is a principal element in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, so anti-inflammation may be a promising therapeutic strategy. Forsythoside B (FTS•B), a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Forsythiae fructus, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, no studies have reported whether the anti-inflammatory properties of FTS•B have a neuroprotective effect in AD. In the present study, these effects of FTS•B were investigated using amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice, BV-2 cells, and HT22 cells. Methods APP/PS1 mice were administered FTS•B intragastrically for 36 days. Behavioral tests were then carried out to examine cognitive functions, including the Morris water maze, Y maze, and open field experiment. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ), the phosphorylation of tau protein, and the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 in the hippocampus. Proteins that showed marked changes in levels related to neuroinflammation were identified using proteomics and verified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. BV-2 and HT22 cells were also used to confirm the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of FTS•B. Results In APP/PS1 mice, FTS•B counteracted cognitive decline, ameliorated the deposition of Aβ and the phosphorylation of tau protein, and attenuated the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the cortex and hippocampus. FTS•B affected vital signaling, particularly by decreasing the activation of JNK-interacting protein 3/C-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and suppressing WD-repeat and FYVE-domain-containing protein 1/toll-like receptor 3 (WDFY1/TLR3), further suppressing the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. In BV-2 and HT22 cells, FTS•B prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and reduced the microglia-mediated neurotoxicity. Conclusions FTS•B effectively counteracted cognitive decline by regulating neuroinflammation via NF-κB signaling in APP/PS1 mice, providing preliminary experimental evidence that FTS•B is a promising therapeutic agent in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan'ge Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ruochen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Siyu Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Reilly AM, Tsai AP, Lin PB, Ericsson AC, Oblak AL, Ren H. Metabolic Defects Caused by High-Fat Diet Modify Disease Risk through Inflammatory and Amyloidogenic Pathways in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102977. [PMID: 33003412 PMCID: PMC7600118 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) has been shown to accelerate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, but the exact molecular and cellular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Moreover, it is unknown whether AD mice are more susceptible to HFD-induced metabolic dysfunctions. To address these questions, we used 5xFAD mice as an Alzheimer’s disease model to study the physiological and molecular underpinning between HFD-induced metabolic defects and AD pathology. We systematically profiled the metabolic parameters, the gut microbiome composition, and hippocampal gene expression in 5xFAD and wild type (WT) mice fed normal chow diet and HFD. HFD feeding impaired energy metabolism in male 5xFAD mice, leading to increased locomotor activity, energy expenditure, and food intake. 5xFAD mice on HFD had elevated circulating lipids and worsened glucose intolerance. HFD caused profound changes in gut microbiome compositions, though no difference between genotype was detected. We measured hippocampal mRNAs related to AD neuropathology and neuroinflammation and showed that HFD elevated the expression of apoptotic, microglial, and amyloidogenic genes in 5xFAD mice. Pathway analysis revealed that differentially regulated genes were involved in insulin signaling, cytokine signaling, cellular stress, and neurotransmission. Collectively, our results showed that 5xFAD mice were more susceptible to HFD-induced metabolic dysregulation and suggest that targeting metabolic dysfunctions can ameliorate AD symptoms via effects on insulin signaling and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M. Reilly
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.R.); (A.P.T.); (P.B.L.); (A.L.O.)
| | - Andy P. Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.R.); (A.P.T.); (P.B.L.); (A.L.O.)
| | - Peter B. Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.R.); (A.P.T.); (P.B.L.); (A.L.O.)
| | - Aaron C. Ericsson
- Metagenomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA;
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.R.); (A.P.T.); (P.B.L.); (A.L.O.)
| | - Hongxia Ren
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.R.); (A.P.T.); (P.B.L.); (A.L.O.)
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-317-274-1567
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Inflammation: major denominator of obesity, Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease-like pathology? Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:547-570. [PMID: 32167154 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an active metabolic organ that contributes to processes such as energy storage and utilization and to the production of a number of metabolic agents, such as adipokines, which play a role in inflammation. In this review, we try to elucidate the connections between peripheral inflammation at obesity and Type 2 diabetes and the central inflammatory process. Multiple lines of evidence highlight the importance of peripheral inflammation and its link to neuroinflammation, which can lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease. In addition to the accumulation of misfolded amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and the formation of the neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the brain, activated microglia and reactive astrocytes are the main indicators of AD progression. They were found close to Aβ plaques in the brains of both AD patients and rodent models of Alzheimer's disease-like pathology. Cytokines are key players in pro- and anti-inflammatory processes and are also produced by microglia and astrocytes. The interplay of seemingly unrelated pathways between the periphery and the brain could, in fact, have a common denominator, with inflammation in general being a key factor affecting neuronal processes in the brain. An increased amount of white adipose tissue throughout the body seems to be an important player in pro-inflammatory processes. Nevertheless, other important factors should be studied to elucidate the pathological processes of and the relationship among obesity, Type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Xu M, Wang J, Zhang X, Yan T, Wu B, Bi K, Jia Y. Polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis acts via LRP-1 to reverse microglia activation through suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 256:112798. [PMID: 32251761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (S. Chinensis), a traditional Chinese medicine frequently used in the traditional treatment of dementia, its polysaccharide component has been widely reported. AIM OF THE STUDY In this paper, we studied whether SCP2-1, a natural product of homogeneous polysaccharide from S. Chinensis, could improve M1 and M2 polarization and inhibit neuroinflammation through lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), and futher exerted anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS SCP2-1 was obtained from crude polysaccharide of S. Chinensis, BV2 microglia cells and mice stimulated by LPS were served to detect the positive role of SCP2-1 in M1/M2 polarization. The concentration of cytokine expression, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-6 for M1 polarization and TGF-β, IL-10, IL-4 and Arg-1 for M2 polarization, in the BV2 and hippocampus were tested by ELISA kits. CD86 and CD206, as surface markers of M1 and M2, were tested by flow cytometry. We examined the expression of LRP-1 in BV2 cells and mouse hippocampus. The addition of siRNA for LRP-1 demonstrated the important role of LRP-1 in the neuroprotection of SCP2-1. Western blot was used to detect the activation of various mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathway, i.e. the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK proteins, and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). H.E. staining was used to observe Histopathological changes. RESULTS SCP2-1 could reverse M1/M2 polarization in vitro culture and suppressed M1 polarization in the hippocampus of mice stimulated with LPS. After LPS stimulation, poor levels of LRP-1, hyperactivation of the JNK and NF-κB was appeared, which could improve by SCP2-1. The addition of siRNA for LRP-1 suppressed the protection of SCP2-1 in BV2 microglial cells. More importantly, SCP2-1 could improve LPS-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice in Y-maze and NOR test. CONCLUSIONS SCP2-1 could improve M1/M2 polarization, especially inhibit M1 polarization, and ameliorate the cognition of mice in Y-maze and NOR test. SCP2-1 play a neuroprotective role through LRP-1 to reverse activation of microglia via suppressing the overactive NF-κB and JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- The Engineering Laboratory of National and Local Union of Quality Control for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ying Jia
- Key Laboratory of Active Components of Chinese Medicine Screening and Evaluation, School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Zhou YQ, Liu DQ, Chen SP, Chen N, Sun J, Wang XM, Li DY, Tian YK, Ye DW. PPARγ activation mitigates mechanical allodynia in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain via induction of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110356. [PMID: 32535388 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain (PINP) is a dose-limiting side effect and is refractory to widely used analgesic drugs. Previous studies have demonstrated a protective role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gama (PPARγ) in neuropathic pain. However, whether PPARγ activation could alleviate PINP remains to be elucidated. Our previous study has validated the analgesic effect of oltipraz, an nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator, in a rat model of PINP. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that rosiglitazone, a selective agonist of PPARγ, could attenuate PINP through induction of Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway. Paclitaxel was injected intraperitoneally on four alternate days to induce neuropathic pain. Paw withdrawal threshold was used to evaluate mechanical allodynia. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to examine the expression and distribution of PPARγ, Nrf2 and HO-1 in the spinal cord. Our results showed that rosiglitazone attenuated established PINP and delayed the onset of PINP via activation of PPARγ, which were reversed by PPARγ antagonist GW9662. Moreover, rosiglitazone inhibited downregulation of PPARγ in the spinal cord of PINP rats. Furthermore, the analgesic effect of rosiglitazone against PINP was abolished by trigonelline, an Nrf2 inhibitor. Finally, rosiglitazone significantly increased expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the spinal cord of PINP rats. Collectively, these results indicated that PPARγ activation might mitigate PINP through activating spinal Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Our results may provide an alternative option for PINP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dai-Qiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Ping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan-Yang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Ke Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Wang S, Que R, Zhao W, An L. Exploration of the Molecular Mechanism for Lipoprotein Lipase Expression Variations in SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to Different Doses of Amyloid-Beta Protein. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:132. [PMID: 32477101 PMCID: PMC7235190 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the brain is a characteristic pathological change in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously found the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was increased in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to low-dose Aβ and decreased in cells with high-dose Aβ exposure, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Based on previous studies, the opposite regulation of histone deacetylase2 (HDAC2) and HDAC3 on LPL expression probably explain the above molecular mechanism, in which microRNA-29a and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) may be involved. This study further revealed the mechanism of HDAC2 and HDAC3 on conversely regulating LPL expression. The results showed that HDAC2 down-regulated microRNA-29a by decreasing histone acetylation (Ace-H3K9) level in its promoter region, subsequently increasing LPL expression directly or through PPARγ/LPL pathway; HDAC3 decreased LPL expression through inhibiting Ace-H3K9 levels in LPL and PPARγ promoter regions and up-regulating microRNA-29a. This study also found that with increasing concentrations of Aβ in cells, HDAC2 and HDAC3 expression were gradually increased, and Ace-H3K9 levels in LPL and PPARγ promoter region regulated by HDAC3 were decreased correspondingly, while Ace-H3K9 levels in microRNA-29a promoter region modulated by HDAC2 were not decreased gradually but presented a U-shaped trend. These may lead to the results that a U-shaped alteration in microRNA-29a expression, subsequently leading to an inverse U-shaped alteration in PPARγ or LPL expression. In conclusion, HDAC2 and HDAC3 at least partly mediate LPL expression variations in different concentrations of Aβ exposed SH-SY5Y cells, in which microRNA-29a and PPARγ are involved, and the histone acetylation level in microRNA-29a promoter region plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yufan Liu
- China Medical University-The Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sihui Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ran Que
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li An
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Luo Y, Du Y, Zhao Y, Guan J, Zhang X, Fu J. TREM-2-p38 MAPK signaling regulates neuroinflammation during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion combined with diabetes mellitus. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:2. [PMID: 31900229 PMCID: PMC6942413 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH)are both risk factors for cognitive impairment. However, whether DM and CCH can synergistically promote cognitive impairment and the related pathological mechanisms remain unknown. Methods To investigate the effect of DM and CCH on cognitive function, rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and injected with low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) followed by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) were induced to mimic DM and CCH in vivo and mouse BV2 microglial cells were exposed to hypoxia and/or high glucose to mimic CCH complicated with DM pathologies in vitro. To further explore the underlying mechanism, TREM-2-specific small interfering RNA and TREM-2 overexpression lentivirus were used to knock out and overexpress TREM-2, respectively. Results Cognitive deficits, neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation with microglial activation, and TREM-2-MAPK signaling were enhanced when DM was superimposed on CCH both in vivo and in vitro. Manipulating TREM-2 expression levels markedly regulated the p38 MAPK signaling and the inflammatory response in vitro. TREM-2 knockout intensified while TREM-2 overexpression suppressed the p38 MAPK signaling and subsequent pro-inflammatory mediator production under high glucose and hypoxia condition. Conclusions These results suggest that TREM-2 negatively regulates p38 MAPK-mediated inflammatory response when DM was synergistically superimposed on CCH and highlight the importance of TREM-2 as a potential target of immune regulation in DM and CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200235, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jianliang Fu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Sharifi-Rad J, Melgar-Lalanne G, Hernández-Álvarez AJ, Taheri Y, Shaheen S, Kregiel D, Antolak H, Pawlikowska E, Brdar-Jokanović M, Rajkovic J, Hosseinabadi T, Ljevnaić-Mašić B, Baghalpour N, Mohajeri M, Fokou PVT, Martins N. Malva species: Insights on its chemical composition towards pharmacological applications. Phytother Res 2019; 34:546-567. [PMID: 31713320 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Malvaceae family is typical from the Mediterranean region, contains 240 genera and more than 4,200 species. They are most commonly used as ornamental plants, although they can also be conceived as a food resource and remedy for various diseases, such as digestive, respiratory, genitourinary, throat infections, and skeletal and skin disorders, as also injuries where they are profoundly applied for skin care and as antiseptic and demulcent. They also possess diuretic, lenitive, spasmolytic, and laxative effects, besides to be used as antidiarrheal. Thus, the present review provides in-depth data on Malva spp. potential applications and phytochemical composition for food and pharmaceutical industries. Habitat and cultivation conditions and the clinical reports related to its biological effects are also emphasized. Malva spp. possess a wide variety of chemical constituents (such as polysaccharides, coumarins, flavonoids, polyphenols, vitamins, terpenes, and tannins) found in different plant organs, especially in leaves and flowers, connected to their biological activity. In general, Malva spp. have rather moderate antimicrobial activity, high antiinflammatory and wound healing activities, strong antioxidant activity, and anticancer properties. Results from in vitro and in vivo experiments encourage more in-depth studies, namely clinical trials, towards to improve knowledge on the use of Malva spp. for the treatment of various health conditions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | | | | | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnum Shaheen
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dorota Kregiel
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Hubert Antolak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Pawlikowska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Milka Brdar-Jokanović
- Alternative Crops and Organic Production Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jovana Rajkovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tahereh Hosseinabadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Branka Ljevnaić-Mašić
- Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Navid Baghalpour
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohajeri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Ramírez-Serrano CE, Jiménez-Ferrer E, Herrera-Ruiz M, Zamilpa A, Vargas-Villa G, Ramírez-Carreto RJ, Chavarría A, Tortoriello J, Pedraza-Alva G, Pérez-Martínez L. A Malva parviflora´s fraction prevents the deleterious effects resulting from neuroinflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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