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Bosch ME, Dodiya HB, Michalkiewicz J, Lee C, Shaik SM, Weigle IQ, Zhang C, Osborn J, Nambiar A, Patel P, Parhizkar S, Zhang X, Laury ML, Mondal P, Gomm A, Schipma MJ, Mallah D, Butovsky O, Chang EB, Tanzi RE, Gilbert JA, Holtzman DM, Sisodia SS. Sodium oligomannate alters gut microbiota, reduces cerebral amyloidosis and reactive microglia in a sex-specific manner. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:18. [PMID: 38365827 PMCID: PMC10874048 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
It has recently become well-established that there is a connection between Alzheimer's disease pathology and gut microbiome dysbiosis. We have previously demonstrated that antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota perturbations lead to attenuation of Aβ deposition, phosphorylated tau accumulation, and disease-associated glial cell phenotypes in a sex-dependent manner. In this regard, we were intrigued by the finding that a marine-derived oligosaccharide, GV-971, was reported to alter gut microbiota and reduce Aβ amyloidosis in the 5XFAD mouse model that were treated at a point when Aβ burden was near plateau levels. Utilizing comparable methodologies, but with distinct technical and temporal features, we now report on the impact of GV-971 on gut microbiota, Aβ amyloidosis and microglial phenotypes in the APPPS1-21 model, studies performed at the University of Chicago, and independently in the 5X FAD model, studies performed at Washington University, St. Louis.Methods To comprehensively characterize the effects of GV-971 on the microbiota-microglia-amyloid axis, we conducted two separate investigations at independent institutions. There was no coordination of the experimental design or execution between the two laboratories. Indeed, the two laboratories were not aware of each other's experiments until the studies were completed. Male and female APPPS1-21 mice were treated daily with 40, 80, or 160 mg/kg of GV-971 from 8, when Aβ burden was detectable upto 12 weeks of age when Aβ burden was near maximal levels. In parallel, and to corroborate existing published studies and further investigate sex-related differences, male and female 5XFAD mice were treated daily with 100 mg/kg of GV-971 from 7 to 9 months of age when Aβ burden was near peak levels. Subsequently, the two laboratories independently assessed amyloid-β deposition, metagenomic, and neuroinflammatory profiles. Finally, studies were initiated at the University of Chicago to evaluate the metabolites in cecal tissue from vehicle and GV-971-treated 5XFAD mice.Results These studies showed that independent of the procedural differences (dosage, timing and duration of treatment) between the two laboratories, cerebral amyloidosis was reduced primarily in male mice, independent of strain. We also observed sex-specific microbiota differences following GV-971 treatment. Interestingly, GV-971 significantly altered multiple overlapping bacterial species at both institutions. Moreover, we discovered that GV-971 significantly impacted microbiome metabolism, particularly by elevating amino acid production and influencing the tryptophan pathway. The metagenomics and metabolomics changes correspond with notable reductions in peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine profiles. Furthermore, GV-971 treatment dampened astrocyte and microglia activation, significantly decreasing plaque-associated reactive microglia while concurrently increasing homeostatic microglia only in male mice. Bulk RNAseq analysis unveiled sex-specific changes in cerebral cortex transcriptome profiles, but most importantly, the transcriptome changes in the GV-971-treated male group revealed the involvement of microglia and inflammatory responses.Conclusions In conclusion, these studies demonstrate the connection between the gut microbiome, neuroinflammation, and Alzheimer's disease pathology while highlighting the potential therapeutic effect of GV-971. GV-971 targets the microbiota-microglia-amyloid axis, leading to the lowering of plaque pathology and neuroinflammatory signatures in a sex-dependent manner when given at the onset of Aβ deposition or when given after Aβ deposition is already at higher levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Bosch
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Hemraj B Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | | | - Choonghee Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Shabana M Shaik
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Ian Q Weigle
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jack Osborn
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Aishwarya Nambiar
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Priyam Patel
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Samira Parhizkar
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Marie L Laury
- Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Prasenjit Mondal
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashley Gomm
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Dania Mallah
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eugene B Chang
- Department Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, San Diego, USA
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA.
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Saha P, Weigle IQ, Slimmon N, Poli PB, Patel P, Zhang X, Cao Y, Michalkiewicz J, Gomm A, Zhang C, Tanzi RE, Dylla N, Al-Hendy A, Sisodia SS. Early modulation of the gut microbiome by female sex hormones alters amyloid pathology and microglial function. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1827. [PMID: 38246956 PMCID: PMC10800351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that women are disproportionately affected by Alzheimer's disease. The mechanisms underlying this sex-specific disparity are not fully understood, but several factors that are often associated-including interactions of sex hormones, genetic factors, and the gut microbiome-likely contribute to the disease's etiology. Here, we have examined the role of sex hormones and the gut microbiome in mediating Aβ amyloidosis and neuroinflammation in APPPS1-21 mice. We report that postnatal gut microbiome perturbation in female APPPS1-21 mice leads to an elevation in levels of circulating estradiol. Early stage ovariectomy (OVX) leads to a reduction of plasma estradiol that is correlated with a significant alteration of gut microbiome composition and reduction in Aβ pathology. On the other hand, supplementation of OVX-treated animals with estradiol restores Aβ burden and influences gut microbiome composition. The reduction of Aβ pathology with OVX is paralleled by diminished levels of plaque-associated microglia that acquire a neurodegenerative phenotype (MGnD-type) while estradiol supplementation of OVX-treated animals leads to a restoration of activated microglia around plaques. In summary, our investigation elucidates the complex interplay between sex-specific hormonal modulations, gut microbiome dynamics, metabolic perturbations, and microglial functionality in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyali Saha
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ian Q Weigle
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas Slimmon
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Pedro Blauth Poli
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Priyam Patel
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yajun Cao
- Genomic Facility, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julia Michalkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ashley Gomm
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas Dylla
- Duchossois Family Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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3
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Shaik SM, Cao Y, Gogola JV, Dodiya HB, Zhang X, Boutej H, Han W, Kriz J, Sisodia SS. Translational profiling identifies sex-specific metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of cortical microglia/macrophages in APPPS1-21 mice with an antibiotic-perturbed-microbiome. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:95. [PMID: 38104136 PMCID: PMC10725591 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia, the brain-resident macrophages perform immune surveillance and engage with pathological processes resulting in phenotype changes necessary for maintaining homeostasis. In preceding studies, we showed that antibiotic-induced perturbations of the gut microbiome of APPPS1-21 mice resulted in significant attenuation in Aβ amyloidosis and altered microglial phenotypes that are specific to male mice. The molecular events underlying microglial phenotypic transitions remain unclear. Here, by generating 'APPPS1-21-CD11br' reporter mice, we investigated the translational state of microglial/macrophage ribosomes during their phenotypic transition and in a sex-specific manner. METHODS Six groups of mice that included WT-CD11br, antibiotic (ABX) or vehicle-treated APPPS1-21-CD11br males and females were sacrificed at 7-weeks of age (n = 15/group) and used for immunoprecipitation of microglial/macrophage polysomes from cortical homogenates using anti-FLAG antibody. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and label-free quantification was used to identify newly synthesized peptides isolated from polysomes. RESULTS We show that ABX-treatment leads to decreased Aβ levels in male APPPS1-21-CD11br mice with no significant changes in females. We identified microglial/macrophage polypeptides involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and altered calcium signaling that are associated with Aβ-induced oxidative stress. Notably, female mice also showed downregulation of newly-synthesized ribosomal proteins. Furthermore, male mice showed an increase in newly-synthesized polypeptides involved in FcγR-mediated phagocytosis, while females showed an increase in newly-synthesized polypeptides responsible for actin organization associated with microglial activation. Next, we show that ABX-treatment resulted in substantial remodeling of the epigenetic landscape, leading to a metabolic shift that accommodates the increased bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands associated with microglial polarization in a sex-specific manner. While microglia in ABX-treated male mice exhibited a metabolic shift towards a neuroprotective phenotype that promotes Aβ clearance, microglia in ABX-treated female mice exhibited loss of energy homeostasis due to persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired lysosomal clearance that was associated with inflammatory phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our studies provide the first snapshot of the translational state of microglial/macrophage cells in a mouse model of Aβ amyloidosis that was subject to ABX treatment. ABX-mediated changes resulted in metabolic reprogramming of microglial phenotypes to modulate immune responses and amyloid clearance in a sex-specific manner. This microglial plasticity to support neuro-energetic homeostasis for its function based on sex paves the path for therapeutic modulation of immunometabolism for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabana M Shaik
- Dept. of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yajun Cao
- Dept. of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph V Gogola
- Dept. of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hemraj B Dodiya
- Dept. of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xulun Zhang
- Dept. of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hejer Boutej
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Weinong Han
- Dept. of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jasna Kriz
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
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Chandra S, Di Meco A, Dodiya HB, Popovic J, Cuddy LK, Weigle IQ, Zhang X, Sadleir K, Sisodia SS, Vassar R. The gut microbiome regulates astrocyte reaction to Aβ amyloidosis through microglial dependent and independent mechanisms. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:45. [PMID: 37415149 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies show that antibiotic-mediated (abx) alteration of the gut microbiome (GMB) results in a reduction of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and proinflammatory microglial phenotype in male APPPS1-21 mice. However, the effect of GMB perturbation on astrocyte phenotypes and microglial-astrocyte communication in the context of amyloidosis has not been examined. METHODS To study whether the GMB modulates astrocyte phenotype in the context of amyloidosis, APPPS1-21 male and female mice were treated with broad-spectrum abx leading to GMB perturbation. GFAP + astrocytes, plaque-associated astrocytes (PAA), PAA morphological parameters, and astrocyte complement component C3 levels were quantified using a combination of immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, widefield microscopy, and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, these same astrocyte phenotypes were assessed in abx-treated APPPS1-21 male mice that received either fecal matter transplant (FMT) from untreated APPPS1-21 male donors to restore their microbiome or vehicle control. To assess complete absence of the GMB on astrocyte phenotypes, the same astrocyte phenotypes were quantified in APPPS1-21 male mice raised in germ-free (GF) or specific-pathogen free conditions (SPF). Lastly, we assessed whether microglia are necessary for abx-induced astrocyte phenotypes by depleting microglia in APPPS1-21 male mice via treatment with a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor (PLX5622) and vehicle control or PLX5622 and abx. RESULTS Herein, we demonstrate that postnatal treatment of male APPPS1-21 mice with broad-spectrum abx leading to GMB perturbation reduces GFAP + reactive astrocytes and PAAs, suggesting that the GMB plays a role in regulating reactive astrocyte induction and recruitment to Aβ plaques. Additionally, we show that compared to controls, PAAs in abx-treated male APPPS1-21 mice exhibit an altered morphology with increased number and length of processes and reduced astrocytic complement C3, consistent with a homeostatic phenotype. GFAP + astrocyte reduction, PAA reduction, astrocyte morphological changes, and C3 levels are restored when abx-treated mice are subject to FMT from untreated APPPS1-21 male donor mice. Next, we found that APPPS1-21 male mice raised in GF conditions have similar astrocyte phenotypes as abx-treated male APPPS1-21 male mice. Correlational analysis revealed that pathogenic bacteria depleted by abx correlate with GFAP + astrocytosis, PAAs, and astrocyte morphological changes. Finally, we determined that abx-mediated reduction in GFAP + astrocytosis, PAAs, and astrocytic C3 expression is independent of microglia. However, abx-induced astrocyte morphological alterations are dependent on the presence of microglia, suggesting that there is both microglial independent and dependent GMB control of reactive astrocyte phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time, in the context of amyloidosis, that the GMB plays an important role in controlling reactive astrocyte induction, morphology, and astrocyte recruitment to Aβ plaques. GMB regulation of these astrocytic phenotypes is both independent and dependent on microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhanth Chandra
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Antonio Di Meco
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Hemraj B Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jelena Popovic
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Leah K Cuddy
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ian Q Weigle
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Katherine Sadleir
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Robert Vassar
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Tarry Building Room 8-711, 300 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Chandra S, Sisodia SS, Vassar RJ. The gut microbiome in Alzheimer's disease: what we know and what remains to be explored. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:9. [PMID: 36721148 PMCID: PMC9889249 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, results in a sustained decline in cognition. There are currently few effective disease modifying therapies for AD, but insights into the mechanisms that mediate the onset and progression of disease may lead to new, effective therapeutic strategies. Amyloid beta oligomers and plaques, tau aggregates, and neuroinflammation play a critical role in neurodegeneration and impact clinical AD progression. The upstream modulators of these pathological features have not been fully clarified, but recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiome (GMB) may have an influence on these features and therefore may influence AD progression in human patients. In this review, we summarize studies that have identified alterations in the GMB that correlate with pathophysiology in AD patients and AD mouse models. Additionally, we discuss findings with GMB manipulations in AD models and potential GMB-targeted therapeutics for AD. Lastly, we discuss diet, sleep, and exercise as potential modifiers of the relationship between the GMB and AD and conclude with future directions and recommendations for further studies of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhanth Chandra
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA ,grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Robert J. Vassar
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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Seo DO, O’Donnell D, Jain N, Ulrich JD, Herz J, Li Y, Lemieux M, Cheng J, Hu H, Serrano JR, Bao X, Franke E, Karlsson M, Meier M, Deng S, Desai C, Dodiya H, Lelwala-Guruge J, Handley SA, Kipnis J, Sisodia SS, Gordon JI, Holtzman DM. ApoE isoform- and microbiota-dependent progression of neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy. Science 2023; 379:eadd1236. [PMID: 36634180 PMCID: PMC9901565 DOI: 10.1126/science.add1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tau-mediated neurodegeneration is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Primary tauopathies are characterized by pathological tau accumulation and neuronal and synaptic loss. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the progression of tau-mediated neurodegeneration, and emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota regulates neuroinflammation in an APOE genotype-dependent manner. However, evidence of a causal link between the microbiota and tau-mediated neurodegeneration is lacking. In this study, we characterized a genetically engineered mouse model of tauopathy expressing human ApoE isoforms reared under germ-free conditions or after perturbation of their gut microbiota with antibiotics. Both of these manipulations reduced gliosis, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration in a sex- and ApoE isoform-dependent manner. The findings reveal mechanistic and translationally relevant interrelationships between the microbiota, neuroinflammation, and tau-mediated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-oh Seo
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - David O’Donnell
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Nimansha Jain
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jason D. Ulrich
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jasmin Herz
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Yuhao Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Mackenzie Lemieux
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jiye Cheng
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Javier R. Serrano
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Xin Bao
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Emily Franke
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Maria Karlsson
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Martin Meier
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Su Deng
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Chandani Desai
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Hemraj Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Janaki Lelwala-Guruge
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Scott A. Handley
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey I. Gordon
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
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Shaik SM, Cao Y, Dodiya HB, Zhang X, Boutej H, Han W, Kriz J, Sisodia SS. Translational profiling identifies sex‐specific metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of microglia in cerebral amyloidosis models with an antibiotic‐altered gut microbiome. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.059695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yajun Cao
- The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA
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Seo D, O'Donnell D, Jain N, Ulrich JD, Herz J, Lemieux M, Stanley JG, Franke E, Serrano JR, Bao X, Karlsson M, Meier M, Desai C, Lelwala‐Guruge J, Li Y, Shi Y, Wang C, Cheng J, de Lima KA, Dodiya HB, Hibberd M, Griffin N, Handley S, Kipnis J, Sisodia SS, Gordon JI, Holtzman DM. Gut microbiota regulates neuroinflammation and progression of neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.062080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐oh Seo
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | | | | | | | - Jasmin Herz
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | | | | | - Emily Franke
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | | | - Xin Bao
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | | | - Marty Meier
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | | | | | - Yuhao Li
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | - Jiye Cheng
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
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9
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Jana A, Wang X, Leasure JW, Magana L, Wang L, Kim YM, Dodiya H, Toth PT, Sisodia SS, Rehman J. Increased Type I interferon signaling and brain endothelial barrier dysfunction in an experimental model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16488. [PMID: 36182964 PMCID: PMC9526723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is emerging as a key pathogenic factor in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), where increased microvascular endothelial permeability has been proposed to play an important role. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to increased brain microvascular permeability in AD are not fully understood. We studied brain endothelial permeability in female APPswe/PS1∆E9 (APP/PS1) mice which constitute a transgenic mouse model of amyloid-beta (Aβ) amyloidosis and found that permeability increases with aging in the areas showing the greatest amyloid plaque deposition. We performed an unbiased bulk RNA-sequencing analysis of brain endothelial cells (BECs) in female APP/PS1 transgenic mice. We observed that upregulation of interferon signaling gene expression pathways in BECs was among the most prominent transcriptomic signatures in the brain endothelium. Immunofluorescence analysis of isolated BECs from female APP/PS1 mice demonstrated higher levels of the Type I interferon-stimulated gene IFIT2. Immunoblotting of APP/PS1 BECs showed downregulation of the adherens junction protein VE-cadherin. Stimulation of human brain endothelial cells with interferon-β decreased the levels of the adherens junction protein VE-cadherin as well as tight junction proteins Occludin and Claudin-5 and increased barrier leakiness. Depletion of the Type I interferon receptor in human brain endothelial cells prevented interferon-β-induced VE-cadherin downregulation and restored endothelial barrier integrity. Our study suggests that Type I interferon signaling contributes to brain endothelial dysfunction in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Jana
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Xinge Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Joseph W Leasure
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Lissette Magana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Young-Mee Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Hemraj Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,The Microbiome Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Peter T Toth
- Research Resources Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,The Microbiome Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jalees Rehman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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10
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Dodiya HB, Lutz HL, Weigle IQ, Patel P, Michalkiewicz J, Roman-Santiago CJ, Zhang CM, Liang Y, Srinath A, Zhang X, Xia J, Olszewski M, Zhang X, Schipma MJ, Chang EB, Tanzi RE, Gilbert JA, Sisodia SS. Gut microbiota-driven brain Aβ amyloidosis in mice requires microglia. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20200895. [PMID: 34854884 PMCID: PMC8647415 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that lifelong antibiotic (ABX) perturbations of the gut microbiome in male APPPS1-21 mice lead to reductions in amyloid β (Aβ) plaque pathology and altered phenotypes of plaque-associated microglia. Here, we show that a short, 7-d treatment of preweaned male mice with high-dose ABX is associated with reductions of Aβ amyloidosis, plaque-localized microglia morphologies, and Aβ-associated degenerative changes at 9 wk of age in male mice only. More importantly, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from transgenic (Tg) or WT male donors into ABX-treated male mice completely restored Aβ amyloidosis, plaque-localized microglia morphologies, and Aβ-associated degenerative changes. Transcriptomic studies revealed significant differences between vehicle versus ABX-treated male mice and FMT from Tg mice into ABX-treated mice largely restored the transcriptome profiles to that of the Tg donor animals. Finally, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor-mediated depletion of microglia in ABX-treated male mice failed to reduce cerebral Aβ amyloidosis. Thus, microglia play a critical role in driving gut microbiome-mediated alterations of cerebral Aβ deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemraj B. Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Holly L. Lutz
- Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Ian Q. Weigle
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Priyam Patel
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | - Yingxia Liang
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Abhinav Srinath
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Xulun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jessica Xia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Monica Olszewski
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Eugene B. Chang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Jack A. Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
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11
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Seo D, Stanley JG, Shi Y, Wang C, Serrano JR, Bao X, O'Donnell D, Lelwala‐Guruge J, Griffin N, Meier M, Dodiya HB, Sisodia SS, Gordon JI, Holtzman DM. Evidence that the gut microbiota regulates progression of neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy, in a sex‐ and ApoE isoform‐dependent manner. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.049741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐oh Seo
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | | | - Yang Shi
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | | | - Xin Bao
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
| | | | | | | | - Marty Meier
- Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO USA
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12
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Kedia S, Mandal K, Netrakanti PR, Jose M, Sisodia SS, Nair D. Nanoscale organization of Nicastrin, the substrate receptor of the γ-secretase complex, as independent molecular domains. Mol Brain 2021; 14:158. [PMID: 34645511 PMCID: PMC8515736 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the canonical processing of Amyloid Precursor Protein generate proteoforms that contribute to the onset of Alzheimer’s Disease. Modified composition of γ-secretase or mutations in its subunits has been directly linked to altered generation of Amyloid beta. Despite biochemical evidence about the role of γ-secretase in the generation of APP, the molecular origin of how spatial heterogeneity in the generation of proteoforms arises is not well understood. Here, we evaluated the localization of Nicastrin, a γ-secretase subunit, at nanometer sized functional zones of the synapse. With the help of super resolution microscopy, we confirm that Nicastrin is organized into nanodomains of high molecular density within an excitatory synapse. A similar nanoorganization was also observed for APP and the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase, Presenilin 1, that were discretely associated with Nicastrin nanodomains. Though Nicastrin is a functional subunit of γ-secretase, the Nicastrin and Presenilin1 nanodomains were either colocalized or localized independent of each other. The Nicastrin and Presenilin domains highlight a potential independent regulation of these molecules different from their canonical secretase function. The collisions between secretases and substrate molecules decide the probability and rate of product formation for transmembrane proteolysis. Our observations of secretase nanodomains indicate a spatial difference in the confinement of substrate and secretases, affecting the local probability of product formation by increasing their molecular availability, resulting in differential generation of proteoforms even within single synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar Kedia
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | - Kousik Mandal
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Mini Jose
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Centre for Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deepak Nair
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India.
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13
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Zhang L, Qian Y, Li J, Zhou X, Xu H, Yan J, Xiang J, Yuan X, Sun B, Sisodia SS, Jiang YH, Cao X, Jing N, Lin A. BAD-mediated neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation contribute to Alzheimer's disease pathology. iScience 2021; 24:102942. [PMID: 34430820 PMCID: PMC8369003 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is incompletely understood. Here we report that the pro-apoptotic protein BAD as a key regulator for neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation and Aβ clearance in AD. BAD pro-apoptotic activity is significantly increased in neurons of AD patients and 5XFAD mice. Conversely, genetic disruption of Bad alleles restores spatial learning and memory deficits in 5XFAD mice. Mechanistically, phosphorylation and inactivation of BAD by neurotropic factor-activated Akt is abrogated in neurons under AD condition. Through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-oxidized mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) axis, BAD also promotes microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby skewing microglia toward neuroinflammatory microglia to inhibit microglial phagocytosis of Aβ in AD mice. Our results support a model in which BAD contributes to AD pathologies by driving neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation but suppressing microglial phagocytosis of Aβ, suggesting that BAD is a potential therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yun Qian
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jie Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - He Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jie Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allery & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Jialing Xiang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Xiang Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Naihe Jing
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- Center of Cell Lineage and Atlas, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Anning Lin
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology, and Haman Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Corresponding author
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14
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Zhang X, Zhang C, Prokopenko D, Liang Y, Han W, Tanzi RE, Sisodia SS. Negative evidence for a role of APH1B T27I variant in Alzheimer's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:955-966. [PMID: 31995180 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-secretase is a macromolecular complex that catalyzes intramembranous hydrolysis of more than 100 membrane-bound substrates. The complex is composed of presenilin (PS1 or PS2), anterior pharynx defect-1 (APH-1), nicastrin (NCT) and PEN-2 and early-onset; autosomal dominant forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are caused by inheritance of mutations of PS. No mutations in genes encoding NCT, or PEN-2 have been identified to date that cause AD. In this regard, a large genetic meta-analysis of four cohorts consisting of more than 600 000 individuals identified a common missense variant, rs117618017 in the APH1B gene that results in a T27I mutation, as a novel genome-wide significant locus. In order to confirm the findings that rs117618017 is associated with risk of AD, we performed a genetic screen from deep whole genome sequencing of the large NIMH family-based Alzheimer's Disease (AD) dataset. In parallel, we sought to uncover potential molecular mechanism(s) by which APH-1B T27I might be associated with AD by generating stable HEK293 cell lines, wherein endogenous APH-1A and APH-1B expression was silenced and into which either the wild type APH-1B or the APH-1B T27I variant was stably expressed. We then tested the impact of expressing either the wild type APH-1B or the APH-1B T27I variant on γ-secretase processing of human APP, the murine Notch derivative mNΔE and human neuregulin-1. We now report that we fail to confirm the association of rs1047552 with AD in our cohort and that cells expressing the APH-1B T27I variant show no discernable impact on the γ-secretase processing of established substrates compared with cells expressing wild-type APH-1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dmitry Prokopenko
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yingxia Liang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Weinong Han
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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15
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Zhang X, Zhang CM, Prokopenko D, Liang Y, Zhen SY, Weigle IQ, Han W, Aryal M, Tanzi RE, Sisodia SS. An APP ectodomain mutation outside of the Aβ domain promotes Aβ production in vitro and deposition in vivo. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211936. [PMID: 33822840 PMCID: PMC8034382 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD)–linked mutations in the APP gene occur either within the Aβ-coding region or immediately proximal and are located in exons 16 and 17, which encode Aβ peptides. We have identified an extremely rare, partially penetrant, single nucleotide variant (SNV), rs145081708, in APP that corresponds to a Ser198Pro substitution in exon 5. We now report that in stably transfected cells, expression of APP harboring the S198P mutation (APPS198P) leads to elevated production of Aβ peptides by an unconventional mechanism in which the folding and exit of APPS198P from the endoplasmic reticulum is accelerated. More importantly, coexpression of APP S198P and the FAD-linked PS1ΔE9 variant in the brains of male and female transgenic mice leads to elevated steady-state Aβ peptide levels and acceleration of Aβ deposition compared with age- and gender-matched mice expressing APP and PS1ΔE9. This is the first AD-linked mutation in APP present outside of exons 16 and 17 that enhances Aβ production and deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Can Martin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA
| | - Dmitry Prokopenko
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA
| | - Yingxia Liang
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA
| | - Sherri Y Zhen
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA
| | - Ian Q Weigle
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Weinong Han
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Manish Aryal
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA
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16
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Kedia S, Ramakrishna P, Netrakanti PR, Singh N, Sisodia SS, Jose M, Kumar S, Mahadevan A, Ramanan N, Nadkarni S, Nair D. Alteration in synaptic nanoscale organization dictates amyloidogenic processing in Alzheimer's disease. iScience 2020; 24:101924. [PMID: 33409475 PMCID: PMC7773964 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite intuitive insights into differential proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the stochasticity behind local product formation through amyloidogenic pathway at individual synapses remain unclear. Here, we show that the major components of amyloidogenic machinery namely, APP and secretases are discretely organized into nanodomains of high local concentration compared to their immediate environment in functional zones of the synapse. Additionally, with the aid of multiple models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we confirm that this discrete nanoscale chemical map of amyloidogenic machinery is altered at excitatory synapses. Furthermore, we provide realistic models of amyloidogenic processing in unitary vesicles originating from the endocytic zone of excitatory synapses. Thus, we show how an alteration in the stochasticity of synaptic nanoscale organization contributes to the dynamic range of C-terminal fragments β (CTFβ) production, defining the heterogeneity of amyloidogenic processing at individual synapses, leading to long-term synaptic deficits as seen in AD. Components of amyloidogenic machinery are organized into nanodomains Assembly of nanodomains differs between functional zones of the synapse Stochasticity of nanoscale organization dictates dynamic range of APP proteolysis Variability in composition of amyloidogenic machinery is associated with AD
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar Kedia
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | | | | | - Nivedita Singh
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mini Jose
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, Bangalore 560029, India
| | | | - Suhita Nadkarni
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Deepak Nair
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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17
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Shaik SM, Dodiya HB, Cao Y, Boutej H, Olszewski M, Sisodia SS. Sex‐specific changes in amyloidosis and neuro‐immune modulation in response to alterations in the gut microbiome. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yajun Cao
- The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA
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18
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Dodiya HB, Lutz H, Weigle I, Roman‐Santiago C, Patel P, Olszewski M, Zhang C, Zhang X, Schipma MJ, Tanzi RE, Gilbert JA, Sisodia SS. Gut microbiome perturbations influence brain amyloidosis only in the presence of microglia in APPPS1‐21 mice. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.040609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Holy Lutz
- University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA
| | - Ian Weigle
- The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA
| | | | | | | | - Can Zhang
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
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19
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Sisodia SS. Modulation of amyloid deposition and neuroinflammation by the microbiome. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.044154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Cable J, Holtzman DM, Hyman BT, Tansey MG, Colonna M, Kellis M, Brinton RD, Albert M, Wellington CL, Sisodia SS, Tanzi RE. Alternatives to amyloid for Alzheimer's disease therapies-a symposium report. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1475:3-14. [PMID: 32472577 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For decades, Alzheimer's disease research has focused on amyloid as the primary pathogenic agent. This focus has driven the development of numerous amyloid-targeting therapies; however, with one possible exception, none of these therapies have been effective in preventing or delaying cognitive decline in patients, and there are no approved disease-modifying agents. It is becoming more apparent that alternative drug targets are needed to address this complex disease. An increased understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathology has highlighted the need to target the appropriate disease pathology at the appropriate time in the disease course. Preclinical and early clinical studies have focused on targets, including inflammation, tau, vascular health, and the microbiome. This report summarizes the presentations from a New York Academy of Sciences' one-day symposium entitled "Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics: Alternatives to Amyloid," held on November 20, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Malú Gámez Tansey
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Manolis Kellis
- MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Roberta D Brinton
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neurology, College of Medicine, the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cheryl L Wellington
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,The Microbiome Center, the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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21
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Dodiya HB, Kuntz T, Shaik SM, Baufeld C, Leibowitz J, Zhang X, Gottel N, Zhang X, Butovsky O, Gilbert JA, Sisodia SS. Sex-specific effects of microbiome perturbations on cerebral Aβ amyloidosis and microglia phenotypes. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1542-1560. [PMID: 31097468 PMCID: PMC6605759 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated that an antibiotic cocktail (ABX)-perturbed gut microbiome is associated with reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque pathology and astrogliosis in the male amyloid precursor protein (APP)SWE /presenilin 1 (PS1)ΔE9 transgenic model of Aβ amyloidosis. We now show that in an independent, aggressive APPSWE/PS1L166P (APPPS1-21) mouse model of Aβ amyloidosis, an ABX-perturbed gut microbiome is associated with a reduction in Aβ pathology and alterations in microglial morphology, thus establishing the generality of the phenomenon. Most importantly, these latter alterations occur only in brains of male mice, not in the brains of female mice. Furthermore, ABX treatment lead to alterations in levels of selected microglial expressed transcripts indicative of the "M0" homeostatic state in male but not in female mice. Finally, we found that transplants of fecal microbiota from age-matched APPPS1-21 male mice into ABX-treated APPPS1-21 male restores the gut microbiome and partially restores Aβ pathology and microglial morphology, thus demonstrating a causal role of the microbiome in the modulation of Aβ amyloidosis and microglial physiology in mouse models of Aβ amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemraj B Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas Kuntz
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Shabana M Shaik
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Caroline Baufeld
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffrey Leibowitz
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Xulun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Neil Gottel
- Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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22
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Sisodia SS. EC‐03‐03: GUT MICROBIOME ALTERATIONS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Veetil AT, Chakraborty K, Xiao K, Minter MR, Sisodia SS, Krishnan Y. Cell-targetable DNA nanocapsules for spatiotemporal release of caged bioactive small molecules. Nat Nanotechnol 2017; 12:1183-1189. [PMID: 28825714 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2017.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Achieving triggered release of small molecules with spatial and temporal precision at designated cells within an organism remains a challenge. By combining a cell-targetable, icosahedral DNA-nanocapsule loaded with photoresponsive polymers, we show cytosolic delivery of small molecules with the spatial resolution of single endosomes in specific cells in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our technology can report on the extent of small molecules released after photoactivation as well as pinpoint the location at which uncaging of the molecules occurred. We apply this technology to release dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a neurosteroid that promotes neurogenesis and neuron survival, and determined the timescale of neuronal activation by DHEA, using light-induced release of DHEA from targeted DNA nanocapsules. Importantly, sequestration inside the DNA capsule prevents photocaged DHEA from activating neurons prematurely. Our methodology can in principle be generalized to diverse neurostimulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh T Veetil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behaviour, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Kasturi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behaviour, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Kangni Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behaviour, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Myles R Minter
- Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behaviour, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- The Microbiome Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behaviour, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- The Microbiome Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Yamuna Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Grossman Institute of Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behaviour, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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24
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Minter MR, Hinterleitner R, Meisel M, Zhang C, Leone V, Zhang X, Oyler-Castrillo P, Zhang X, Musch MW, Shen X, Jabri B, Chang EB, Tanzi RE, Sisodia SS. Antibiotic-induced perturbations in microbial diversity during post-natal development alters amyloid pathology in an aged APP SWE/PS1 ΔE9 murine model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10411. [PMID: 28874832 PMCID: PMC5585265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests the commensal microbiome regulates host immunity and influences brain function; findings that have ramifications for neurodegenerative diseases. In the context of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we previously reported that perturbations in microbial diversity induced by life-long combinatorial antibiotic (ABX) selection pressure in the APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mouse model of amyloidosis is commensurate with reductions in amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque pathology and plaque-localised gliosis. Considering microbiota-host interactions, specifically during early post-natal development, are critical for immune- and neuro-development we now examine the impact of microbial community perturbations induced by acute ABX exposure exclusively during this period in APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mice. We show that early post-natal (P) ABX treatment (P14-P21) results in long-term alterations of gut microbial genera (predominantly Lachnospiraceae and S24-7) and reduction in brain Aβ deposition in aged APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mice. These mice exhibit elevated levels of blood- and brain-resident Foxp3+ T-regulatory cells and display an alteration in the inflammatory milieu of the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Finally, we confirm that plaque-localised microglia and astrocytes are reduced in ABX-exposed mice. These findings suggest that ABX-induced microbial diversity perturbations during post-natal stages of development coincide with altered host immunity mechanisms and amyloidosis in a murine model of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles R Minter
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Reinhard Hinterleitner
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Marlies Meisel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Vanessa Leone
- The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Xulun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Mark W Musch
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xunuo Shen
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Bana Jabri
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Eugene B Chang
- The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. .,The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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25
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Füger P, Hefendehl JK, Veeraraghavalu K, Wendeln AC, Schlosser C, Obermüller U, Wegenast-Braun BM, Neher JJ, Martus P, Kohsaka S, Thunemann M, Feil R, Sisodia SS, Skodras A, Jucker M. Microglia turnover with aging and in an Alzheimer's model via long-term in vivo single-cell imaging. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1371-1376. [PMID: 28846081 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the role of microglia in brain homeostasis and disease, an understanding of their maintenance, proliferation and turnover is essential. The lifespan of brain microglia, however, remains uncertain, and reflects confounding factors in earlier assessments that were largely indirect. We genetically labeled single resident microglia in living mice and then used multiphoton microscopy to monitor these cells over time. Under homeostatic conditions, we found that neocortical resident microglia were long-lived, with a median lifetime of well over 15 months; thus, approximately half of these cells survive the entire mouse lifespan. While proliferation of resident neocortical microglia under homeostatic conditions was low, microglial proliferation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's β-amyloidosis was increased threefold. The persistence of individual microglia throughout the mouse lifespan provides an explanation for how microglial priming early in life can induce lasting functional changes and how microglial senescence may contribute to age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Füger
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jasmin K Hefendehl
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Ann-Christin Wendeln
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christine Schlosser
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Obermüller
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bettina M Wegenast-Braun
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas J Neher
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shinichi Kohsaka
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neuroscience, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Martin Thunemann
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Angelos Skodras
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Jucker
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZNE-German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
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26
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Rauf A, Bhatnagar A, Sisodia SS, Khar RK, Ahmad FJ. Lungs deposition and pharmacokinetic study of submicron budesonide particles in Wistar rats intended for immediate effect in asthma. EXCLI J 2017; 16:236-244. [PMID: 28507469 PMCID: PMC5427469 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present investigation was to study the aerosolization, lungs deposition and pharmacokinetic study of inhalable submicron particles of budesonide in male Wistar rats. Submicron particles were prepared by antisolvent nanoprecipitation method and freeze-dried to obtain free flowing powder. The freeze-drying process yielded dry powder with desirable aerodynamic properties for inhalation therapy. An in-house model inhaler was designed to deliver medicine to lungs, optimized at dose level of 10 mg for 30 sec of fluidization. The in vitro aerosolization study demonstrates that submicron particles dissolve faster with improved aerosolization effect as compared to micronized budesonide. Both submicron and micron particles were compared for in vivo lungs deposition. The results showed that relatively high quantity of submicron particles reaches deep into the lungs as compared to micron particles. Most pronounced effect observed with submicron particles from pharmacokinetic parameters was the enhancement in peak plasma concentration (Cmax) by 28.85 %, and increase in area under concentration curve (AUC0-8h) by 30.33 % compared to micron sized particles. The results suggested that developed submicronized formulation of budesonide can be used for pulmonary drug delivery for high deposition to deep lungs tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rauf
- Formulation Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Aseem Bhatnagar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Brig. Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - S S Sisodia
- Bhupal Nobles College of Pharmacy, Udaipur, India
| | - Roop K Khar
- Formulation Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farhan J Ahmad
- Formulation Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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27
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Minter MR, Zhang C, Leone V, Ringus DL, Zhang X, Oyler-Castrillo P, Musch MW, Liao F, Ward JF, Holtzman DM, Chang EB, Tanzi RE, Sisodia SS. Antibiotic-induced perturbations in gut microbial diversity influences neuro-inflammation and amyloidosis in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30028. [PMID: 27443609 PMCID: PMC4956742 DOI: 10.1038/srep30028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe amyloidosis and plaque-localized neuro-inflammation are key pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition to astrocyte and microglial reactivity, emerging evidence suggests a role of gut microbiota in regulating innate immunity and influencing brain function. Here, we examine the role of the host microbiome in regulating amyloidosis in the APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mouse model of AD. We show that prolonged shifts in gut microbial composition and diversity induced by long-term broad-spectrum combinatorial antibiotic treatment regime decreases Aβ plaque deposition. We also show that levels of soluble Aβ are elevated and that levels of circulating cytokine and chemokine signatures are altered in this setting. Finally, we observe attenuated plaque-localised glial reactivity in these mice and significantly altered microglial morphology. These findings suggest the gut microbiota community diversity can regulate host innate immunity mechanisms that impact Aβ amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles R Minter
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - Vanessa Leone
- The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Daina L Ringus
- The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Mark W Musch
- The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Fan Liao
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joseph F Ward
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Eugene B Chang
- The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,The Microbiome Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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28
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Zhang X, Sullivan E, Scimeca M, Wu X, Li YM, Sisodia SS. Evidence That the "Lid" Domain of Nicastrin Is Not Essential for Regulating γ-Secretase Activity. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:6748-53. [PMID: 26887941 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c115.701649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the structure of the γ-secretase complex consisting of presenilin (PS), anterior pharynx-defective 1 (APH-1), nicastrin (NCT), and presenilin enhancer 2 (PEN-2) is of significant therapeutic interest for the design of γ-secretase modulators for Alzheimer disease. The structure of γ-secretase revealed by cryo-EM approaches suggested a substrate binding mechanism for NCT, a bilobar structure that involved rotation of the two lobes around a central pivot and opening of a "lid" region that facilitates substrate recruitment. To validate this proposal, we expressed NCT that lacks the lid entirely, or a variety of NCT variants that harbor mutations at highly conserved residues in the lid region inNCT-deficient cells, and then assessed their impact on γ-secretase assembly, activity, and stability. In addition, we assessed the impact of mutating a critical residue proposed to be a pivot around which the two lobes of NCT rotate. Our results show that neither the mutations on the lid tested here nor the entire lid deletion has any significant impact on γ-secretase assembly, activity, and stability, and that NCT with the mutation of the proposed pivot rescues γ-secretase activity inNCT-deficient cells in a manner indistinguishable from WT NCT. These findings indicate that the NCT lid is not an essential element necessary for γ-secretase assembly, activity, and stability, and that rotation of the two lobes appears not to be a prerequisite for substrate binding and γ-secretase function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulun Zhang
- From the Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - Eric Sullivan
- From the Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - Maggie Scimeca
- From the Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - Xianzhong Wu
- the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- From the Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
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29
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Zhang X, Yu CJ, Sisodia SS. The topology of pen-2, a γ-secretase subunit, revisited: evidence for a reentrant loop and a single pass transmembrane domain. Mol Neurodegener 2015; 10:39. [PMID: 26296997 PMCID: PMC4546279 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-015-0037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The γ-secretase complex, composed of transmembrane proteins termed presenilin (PS), anterior pharynx defective (APH), nicastrin (NCT), and presenilin enhancer-2 (Pen-2) catalyzes intramembranous hydrolysis of a variety of Type I membrane protein substrates. In order to understand aspects of subunit assembly, interactions, dynamics and catalysis, it is essential to clarify the membrane topology of each polypeptide. Hydophathicity plots predict that the 101 amino acid Pen-2 molecule has two hydrophobic domains (HP1 and HP2) that may serve as transmembrane spanning domains. Earlier reports indicated that transiently overexpressed Pen-2 uses these two hydrophobic domains as transmembrane helices that generates a “U-shaped” hairpin topology with both amino- (N-) and carboxyl-(C-) termini facing the lumen. In this report, we have reexamined the topology of endogenous Pen-2 and Pen-2 chimeras that are stably expressed in mammalian cells, and have assessed the function of these molecules in rescuing γ-secretase activity in Pen-2-deficient fibroblasts. Results We confirm that the Pen-2 C-terminus is lumenal, but the N-terminus of Pen-2 is exposed to the cytoplasm, thus indicating that HP1 does not traverse the lipid bilayer as a transmembrane domain. Domain swapping studies reveal the importance of specific regions within the first hydrophobic domain of Pen-2 that are critical for generating the topology that is a prerequisite for mediating PS1 endoproteolysis and γ-secretase activity. Finally, we report that the first fourteen amino acids of the Pen-2 HP1 are required for γ-secretase activity. Conclusions We propose that the first hydrophobic domain of Pen-2 forms a structure similar to a reentrant loop while the second hydrophobic domain spans the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 947 E. 58th St. MC0928, Chicago, Il 60637, USA.
| | - Chunjiang J Yu
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 1128 S. Eastside Ave, Oak Park, Chicago, Il 60304, USA.
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 947 E. 58th St. MC0928, Chicago, Il 60637, USA.
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30
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Butkinaree C, Canuel M, Essalmani R, Poirier S, Benjannet S, Asselin MC, Roubtsova A, Hamelin J, Marcinkiewicz J, Chamberland A, Guillemot J, Mayer G, Sisodia SS, Jacob Y, Prat A, Seidah NG. Amyloid Precursor-like Protein 2 and Sortilin Do Not Regulate the PCSK9 Convertase-mediated Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Degradation but Interact with Each Other. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18609-20. [PMID: 26085104 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.647180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2) and sortilin were reported to individually bind the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and regulate its activity on the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). The data presented herein demonstrate that mRNA knockdowns of APLP2, sortilin, or both in the human hepatocyte cell lines HepG2 and Huh7 do not affect the ability of extracellular PCSK9 to enhance the degradation of the LDLR. Furthermore, mice deficient in APLP2 or sortilin do not exhibit significant changes in liver LDLR or plasma total cholesterol levels. Moreover, cellular overexpression of one or both proteins does not alter PCSK9 secretion, or its activity on the LDLR. We conclude that PCSK9 enhances the degradation of the LDLR independently of either APLP2 or sortilin both ex vivo and in mice. Interestingly, when co-expressed with PCSK9, both APLP2 and sortilin were targeted for lysosomal degradation. Using chemiluminescence proximity and co-immunoprecipitation assays, as well as biosynthetic analysis, we discovered that sortilin binds and stabilizes APLP2, and hence could regulate its intracellular functions on other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutikarn Butkinaree
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Maryssa Canuel
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Rachid Essalmani
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Steve Poirier
- the Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Suzanne Benjannet
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Asselin
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Anna Roubtsova
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Josée Hamelin
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jadwiga Marcinkiewicz
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Ann Chamberland
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Johann Guillemot
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Gaétan Mayer
- the Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger, Montréal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- the Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Yves Jacob
- the Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, F-75015 Paris, France, the CNRS, URA3015, F-75015 Paris, France, and the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Annik Prat
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Nabil G Seidah
- From the Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada,
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31
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Zhang X, Hoey R, Koide A, Dolios G, Paduch M, Nguyen P, Wu X, Li Y, Wagner SL, Wang R, Koide S, Sisodia SS. A synthetic antibody fragment targeting nicastrin affects assembly and trafficking of γ-secretase. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34851-61. [PMID: 25352592 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.609636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The γ-secretase complex, composed of presenilin, nicastrin (NCT), anterior pharynx-defective 1 (APH-1), and presenilin enhancer 2 (PEN-2), is assembled in a highly regulated manner and catalyzes the intramembranous proteolysis of many type I membrane proteins, including Notch and amyloid precursor protein. The Notch family of receptors plays important roles in cell fate specification during development and in adult tissues, and aberrant hyperactive Notch signaling causes some forms of cancer. γ-Secretase-mediated processing of Notch at the cell surface results in the generation of the Notch intracellular domain, which associates with several transcriptional coactivators involved in nuclear signaling events. On the other hand, γ-secretase-mediated processing of amyloid precursor protein leads to the production of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides that play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. We used a phage display approach to identify synthetic antibodies that specifically target NCT and expressed them in the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) format in mammalian cells. We show that expression of a NCT-specific scFv clone, G9, in HEK293 cells decreased the production of the Notch intracellular domain but not the production of amyloid β peptides that occurs in endosomal and recycling compartments. Biochemical studies revealed that scFvG9 impairs the maturation of NCT by associating with immature forms of NCT and, consequently, prevents its association with the other components of the γ-secretase complex, leading to degradation of these molecules. The reduced cell surface levels of mature γ-secretase complexes, in turn, compromise the intramembranous processing of Notch.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Hoey
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Akiko Koide
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Georgia Dolios
- the Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Marcin Paduch
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- the Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093, and
| | - Xianzhong Wu
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Yueming Li
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Steven L Wagner
- the Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093, and
| | - Rong Wang
- the Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Shohei Koide
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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32
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Villa JC, Chiu D, Brandes AH, Escorcia FE, Villa CH, Maguire WF, Hu CJ, de Stanchina E, Simon MC, Sisodia SS, Scheinberg DA, Li YM. Nontranscriptional role of Hif-1α in activation of γ-secretase and notch signaling in breast cancer. Cell Rep 2014; 8:1077-92. [PMID: 25131208 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Secretase is composed of four proteins that are obligatory for protease activity: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph1, and Pen-2. Despite the progress toward understanding the function of these individual subunits, there is no information available pertaining to the modulation of γ-secretase in response to environmental changes in cells. Here, we show that hypoxia upregulates γ-secretase activity through a direct interaction with Hif-1α, revealing an unconventional function for Hif-1α as an enzyme subunit, which is distinct from its canonical role as a transcription factor. Moreover, hypoxia-induced cell invasion and metastasis are alleviated by either γ-secretase inhibitors or a dominant-negative Notch coactivator, indicating that γ-secretase/Notch signaling plays an essential role in controlling these cellular processes. The present study reveals a mechanism in which γ-secretase can achieve temporal control through conditional interactions with regulatory proteins, such as Hif-1α, under select physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Villa
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Danica Chiu
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Alissa H Brandes
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Freddy E Escorcia
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Carlos H Villa
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - William F Maguire
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Cheng-Jun Hu
- Molecular Biology Graduate Program, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- The Center for Molecular Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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33
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Wagner SL, Zhang C, Cheng S, Nguyen P, Zhang X, Rynearson K, Wang R, Li Y, Sisodia SS, Mobley WC, Tanzi RE. Soluble γ-secretase modulators selectively inhibit the production of the 42-amino acid amyloid β peptide variant and augment the production of multiple carboxy-truncated amyloid β species. Biochemistry 2014; 53:702-13. [PMID: 24401146 PMCID: PMC3929337 DOI: 10.1021/bi401537v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized pathologically by an abundance of extracellular neuritic plaques composed primarily of the 42-amino acid amyloid β peptide variant (Aβ42). In the majority of familial AD (FAD) cases, e.g., those harboring mutations in presenilin 1 (PS1), there is a relative increase in the levels of Aβ42 compared to the levels of Aβ40. We previously reported the characterization of a series of aminothiazole-bridged aromates termed aryl aminothiazole γ-secretase modulators or AGSMs [Kounnas, M. Z., et al. (2010) Neuron 67, 769-780] and showed their potential for use in the treatment of FAD [Wagner, S. L., et al. (2012) Arch. Neurol. 69, 1255-1258]. Here we describe a series of GSMs with physicochemical properties improved compared to those of AGSMs. Specific heterocycle replacements of the phenyl rings in AGSMs provided potent molecules with improved aqueous solubilities. A number of these soluble γ-secretase modulators (SGSMs) potently lowered Aβ42 levels without inhibiting proteolysis of Notch or causing accumulation of amyloid precursor protein carboxy-terminal fragments, even at concentrations approximately 1000-fold greater than their IC50 values for reducing Aβ42 levels. The effects of one potent SGSM on Aβ peptide production were verified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, showing enhanced production of a number of carboxy-truncated Aβ species. This SGSM also inhibited Aβ42 peptide production in a highly purified reconstituted γ-secretase in vitro assay system and retained the ability to modulate γ-secretase-mediated proteolysis in a stably transfected cell culture model overexpressing a human PS1 mutation validating the potential for use in FAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L. Wagner
- Department
of Neurosciences, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0624, United States
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics
and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Soan Cheng
- Department
of Neurosciences, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0624, United States
| | - Phuong Nguyen
- Department
of Neurosciences, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0624, United States
| | - Xulun Zhang
- The
Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United
States
| | - Kevin
D. Rynearson
- Department
of Neurosciences, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0624, United States
| | - Rong Wang
- Department
of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn
Institute, New York, New York 10029, United
States
| | - Yueming Li
- Molecular
Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- The
Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United
States
| | - William C. Mobley
- Department
of Neurosciences, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0624, United States
| | - Rudolph E. Tanzi
- Genetics
and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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Veeraraghavalu K, Choi SH, Zhang X, Sisodia SS. Endogenous expression of FAD-linked PS1 impairs proliferation, neuronal differentiation and survival of adult hippocampal progenitors. Mol Neurodegener 2013; 8:41. [PMID: 24138759 PMCID: PMC3853710 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-8-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive memory loss and impaired cognitive function. Early-onset familial forms of the disease (FAD) are caused by inheritance of mutant genes encoding presenilin 1 (PS1) variants. We have demonstrated that prion promoter (PrP)-driven expression of human FAD-linked PS1 variants in mice leads to impairments in environmental enrichment (EE)-induced adult hippocampal neural progenitor cell (AHNPC) proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and have provided evidence that accessory cells in the hippocampal niche expressing PS1 variants may modulate AHNPC phenotypes, in vivo. While of significant interest, these latter studies relied on transgenic mice that express human PS1 variant transgenes ubiquitously and at high levels, and the consequences of wild type or mutant PS1 expressed under physiologically relevant levels on EE-mediated AHNPC phenotypes has not yet been tested. RESULTS To assess the impact of mutant PS1 on EE-induced AHNPC phenotypes when expressed under physiological levels, we exposed adult mice that constitutively express the PSEN1 M146V mutation driven by the endogenous PSEN1 promoter (PS1 M146V "knock-in" (KI) mice) to standard or EE-housed conditions. We show that in comparison to wild type PS1 mice, AHNPCs in mice carrying homozygous (PS1M146V/M146V) or heterozygous (PS1M146V/+) M146V mutant alleles fail to exhibit EE-induced proliferation and commitment towards neurogenic lineages. More importantly, we report that the survival of newborn progenitors are diminished in PS1 M146V KI mice exposed to EE-conditions compared to respective EE wild type controls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that expression at physiological levels achieved by a single PS1 M146V allele is sufficient to impair EE-induced AHNPC proliferation, survival and neuronal differentiation, in vivo. These results and our finding that microglia expressing a single PS1 M146V allele impairs the proliferation of wild type AHNPCs in vitro argue that expression of mutant PS1 in the AHNPC niche impairs AHNPCs phenotypes in a dominant, non-cell autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sangram S Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 947 E 58th Street, AB 308, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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35
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Veeraraghavalu K, Zhang C, Miller S, Hefendehl JK, Rajapaksha TW, Ulrich J, Jucker M, Holtzman DM, Tanzi RE, Vassar R, Sisodia SS. Comment on "ApoE-directed therapeutics rapidly clear β-amyloid and reverse deficits in AD mouse models". Science 2013; 340:924-f. [PMID: 23704555 DOI: 10.1126/science.1235505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cramer et al. (Reports, 23 March 2012, p. 1503; published online 9 February 2012) reported that bexarotene rapidly reduces β-amyloid (Aβ) levels and plaque burden in two mouse models of Aβ deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We now report that, although bexarotene reduces soluble Aβ40 levels in one of the mouse models, the drug has no impact on plaque burden in three strains that exhibit Aβ amyloidosis.
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36
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Crump CJ, Castro SV, Wang F, Pozdnyakov N, Ballard TE, Sisodia SS, Bales KR, Johnson DS, Li YM. BMS-708,163 targets presenilin and lacks notch-sparing activity. Biochemistry 2012; 51:7209-11. [PMID: 22931393 DOI: 10.1021/bi301137h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The "Notch-sparing" γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) BMS-708,163 (Avagacestat) is currently in phase II clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease. Unlike previously failed GSIs, BMS-708,163 is considered to be a promising drug candidate because of its reported Notch-sparing activity for the inhibition of Aβ production over Notch cleavage. We now report that BMS-708,163 binds directly to the presenilin-1 N-terminal fragment and that binding can be challenged by other pan-GSIs, but not by γ-secretase modulators. Furthermore, BMS-708,163 blocks the binding of four different active site-directed GSI photoaffinity probes. We therefore report that this compound acts as a nonselective γ-secretase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Crump
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
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37
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Li T, Li YM, Ahn K, Price DL, Sisodia SS, Wong PC. Increased expression of PS1 is sufficient to elevate the level and activity of γ-secretase in vivo. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28179. [PMID: 22140537 PMCID: PMC3226664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increase in the generation and deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a central role in the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Elevation of the activity of γ-secretase, a key enzyme required for the generation for Aβ, can thus be a potential risk factor in AD. However, it is not known whether γ-secretase can be upregulated in vivo. While in vitro studies showed that expression of all four components of γ-secretase (Nicastrin, Presenilin, Pen-2 and Aph-1) are required for upregulation of γ-secretase, it remains to be established as to whether this is true in vivo. To investigate whether overexpressing a single component of the γ-secretase complex is sufficient to elevate its level and activity in the brain, we analyzed transgenic mice expressing either wild type or familial AD (fAD) associated mutant PS1. In contrast to cell culture studies, overexpression of either wild type or mutant PS1 is sufficient to increase levels of Nicastrin and Pen-2, and elevate the level of active γ-secretase complex, enzymatic activity of γ-secretase and the deposition of Aβ in brains of mice. Importantly, γ-secretase comprised of mutant PS1 is less active than that of wild type PS1-containing γ-secretase; however, γ-secretase comprised of mutant PS1 cleaves at the Aβ42 site of APP-CTFs more efficiently than at the Aβ40 site, resulting in greater accumulation of Aβ deposits in the brain. Our data suggest that whereas fAD-linked PS1 mutants cause early onset disease, upregulation of PS1/γ-secretase activity may be a risk factor for late onset sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
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38
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Bisht S, Sisodia SS. Assessment of antidiabetic potential of Cinnamomum tamala leaves extract in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:582-5. [PMID: 22022005 PMCID: PMC3195132 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.84977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To establish the effect of Cinnamomum tamala leaves extract on diabetes and diabetes induced dyslipidemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight). Group I and II were kept as control and diabetic control respectively. And group III was further treated with ethanolic leaf extract of C. tamala (200 mg/kg body weight, orally) for a period of 40 days. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed before starting the experiment and blood glucose level was estimated. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way Analysis of Variance (using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences [SPSS] version 10.0) and student's ‘t’- test (Sigma Plot version 8.0). The values of P < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Treatment of diabetic animals with Cinnamomum tamala extract significantly lowered the blood glucose level, and maintained body weight and lipid-profile parameters towards near normal range. Conclusion: The extract exhibited antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic effect. Further, chemical and pharmacological investigations are required to elucidate the exact mechanism of action of this extract and to isolate the active principles responsible for these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Bisht
- Bhupal Nobels' P.G. College of Pharmacy, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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39
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Prinz M, Priller J, Sisodia SS, Ransohoff RM. Heterogeneity of CNS myeloid cells and their roles in neurodegeneration. Nat Neurosci 2011; 14:1227-35. [DOI: 10.1038/nn.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 514] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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40
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Renzi F, Zhang X, Rice WJ, Torres-Arancivia C, Gomez-Llorente Y, Diaz R, Ahn K, Yu C, Li YM, Sisodia SS, Ubarretxena-Belandia I. Structure of gamma-secretase and its trimeric pre-activation intermediate by single-particle electron microscopy. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:21440-9. [PMID: 21454611 PMCID: PMC3122203 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.193326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The γ-secretase membrane protein complex is responsible for proteolytic maturation of signaling precursors and catalyzes the final step in the production of the amyloid β-peptides implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. The incorporation of PEN-2 (presenilin enhancer 2) into a pre-activation intermediate, composed of the catalytic subunit presenilin and the accessory proteins APH-1 (anterior pharynx-defective 1) and nicastrin, triggers the endoproteolysis of presenilin and results in an active tetrameric γ-secretase. We have determined the three-dimensional reconstruction of a mature and catalytically active γ-secretase using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. γ-Secretase has a cup-like shape with a lateral belt of ∼40-50 Å in height that encloses a water-accessible internal chamber. Active site labeling with a gold-coupled transition state analog inhibitor suggested that the γ-secretase active site faces this chamber. Comparison with the structure of a trimeric pre-activation intermediate suggested that the incorporation of PEN-2 might contribute to the maturation of the active site architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Renzi
- From the Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029
- the Universita' di Roma “La Sapienza” 2, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Xulun Zhang
- the Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - William J. Rice
- the New York Structural Biology Center, New York, New York 10027
| | - Celia Torres-Arancivia
- From the Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029
- the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016
| | - Yacob Gomez-Llorente
- From the Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029
| | - Ruben Diaz
- the New York Structural Biology Center, New York, New York 10027
| | - Kwangwook Ahn
- the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Chunjiang Yu
- the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- the Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Iban Ubarretxena-Belandia
- From the Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029
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41
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Kounnas MZ, Danks AM, Cheng S, Tyree C, Ackerman E, Zhang X, Ahn K, Nguyen P, Comer D, Mao L, Yu C, Pleynet D, Digregorio PJ, Velicelebi G, Stauderman KA, Comer WT, Mobley WC, Li YM, Sisodia SS, Tanzi RE, Wagner SL. Modulation of gamma-secretase reduces beta-amyloid deposition in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 2010; 67:769-80. [PMID: 20826309 PMCID: PMC2947312 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized pathologically by the abundance of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. We synthesized over 1200 novel gamma-secretase modulator (GSM) compounds that reduced Abeta(42) levels without inhibiting epsilon-site cleavage of APP and Notch, the generation of the APP and Notch intracellular domains, respectively. These compounds also reduced Abeta(40) levels while concomitantly elevating levels of Abeta(38) and Abeta(37). Immobilization of a potent GSM onto an agarose matrix quantitatively recovered Pen-2 and to a lesser degree PS-1 NTFs from cellular extracts. Moreover, oral administration (once daily) of another potent GSM to Tg 2576 transgenic AD mice displayed dose-responsive lowering of plasma and brain Abeta(42); chronic daily administration led to significant reductions in both diffuse and neuritic plaques. These effects were observed in the absence of Notch-related changes (e.g., intestinal proliferation of goblet cells), which are commonly associated with repeated exposure to functional gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSIs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soan Cheng
- TorreyPines Therapeutics, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Curtis Tyree
- TorreyPines Therapeutics, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037
| | | | - Xulun Zhang
- The Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Kwangwook Ahn
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | | | - Dan Comer
- TorreyPines Therapeutics, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Long Mao
- TorreyPines Therapeutics, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Chengzhi Yu
- TorreyPines Therapeutics, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yue-Ming Li
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- The Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Rudolph E. Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Dept. of Neurology, Charlestown, MA 02129
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Veeraraghavalu K, Choi SH, Sisodia SS. Expression of Familial Alzheimer’s Disease-Linked Human Presenilin 1 Variants Impair Enrichment-Induced Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. NEURODEGENER DIS 2010; 7:46-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000283482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Choi SH, Li Y, Parada LF, Sisodia SS. Regulation of hippocampal progenitor cell survival, proliferation and dendritic development by BDNF. Mol Neurodegener 2009; 4:52. [PMID: 20025751 PMCID: PMC2806355 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-4-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental enrichment (EE) is known to enhance BDNF levels and neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. To examine the role of BDNF in modulating EE-mediated adult hippocampal neurogenesis, we conditionally ablated BDNF expression in the hippocampus (cKO mice) and have assessed proliferation, survival, differentiation and dendritic development of hippocampal progenitors. RESULTS We show that while the extent of cell proliferation and neuronal fate differentiation in the hippocampus of cKO mice is not different from wild-type (WT) littermates maintained in either standard or enriched conditions, reduced BDNF levels significantly impaired the survival of newborn cells in both housing conditions. In addition, while highly active enriched WT mice exhibited a robust increase in progenitor cell proliferation, highly active cKO mice showed a modest increase in cell proliferation compared to standard housed or underactive cKO mice. CONCLUSIONS There results argue that while BDNF plays a role in exercise-induced cell proliferation, other factors must contribute to this phenomenon. We also show that dendritic development was impaired in cKO mice maintained in standard housing conditions, and that EE rescued this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hoon Choi
- Committee on Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Meier M, Kennedy-Darling J, Choi SH, Norstrom EM, Sisodia SS, Ismagilov RF. Plug-based microfluidics with defined surface chemistry to miniaturize and control aggregation of amyloidogenic peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1487-9. [PMID: 19152390 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Small with control: For miniaturization of protein aggregation experiments the interfacial chemistry must be controlled to avoid protein aggregation caused by interfacial adsorption. Plug-based microfluidics with defined surface chemistry (see schematic picture) can then be used to perform hundreds of aggregation experiments with volume-limited samples, such as cerebrospinal fluid from mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Placanica L, Tarassishin L, Yang G, Peethumnongsin E, Kim SH, Zheng H, Sisodia SS, Li YM. Pen2 and presenilin-1 modulate the dynamic equilibrium of presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 gamma-secretase complexes. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:2967-2977. [PMID: 19036728 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807269200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
gamma-Secretase is known to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease through production of amyloidogenic Abeta42 peptides. Early onset familial Alzheimer disease mutations in presenilin (PS), the catalytic core of gamma-secretase, invariably increase the Abeta42:Abeta40 ratio. However, the mechanism by which these mutations affect gamma-secretase complex formation and cleavage specificity is poorly understood. We show that our in vitro assay system recapitulates the effect of PS1 mutations on the Abeta42:Abeta40 ratio observed in cell and animal models. We have developed a series of small molecule affinity probes that allow us to characterize active gamma-secretase complexes. Furthermore we reveal that the equilibrium of PS1- and PS2-containing active complexes is dynamic and altered by overexpression of Pen2 or PS1 mutants and that formation of PS2 complexes is positively correlated with increased Abeta42:Abeta40 ratios. These data suggest that perturbations to gamma-secretase complex equilibrium can have a profound effect on enzyme activity and that increased PS2 complexes along with mutated PS1 complexes contribute to an increased Abeta42:Abeta40 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Placanica
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Science of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Leonid Tarassishin
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Guangli Yang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Erica Peethumnongsin
- Huffington Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Seong-Hun Kim
- The Center for Molecular Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Hui Zheng
- Huffington Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sangram S Sisodia
- The Center for Molecular Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Medical Science of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065.
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Mirnics K, Norstrom EM, Garbett K, Choi SH, Zhang X, Ebert P, Sisodia SS. Molecular signatures of neurodegeneration in the cortex of PS1/PS2 double knockout mice. Mol Neurodegener 2008; 3:14. [PMID: 18834536 PMCID: PMC2569036 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-3-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Familial Alzheimer's disease-linked variants of presenilin (PSEN1 and PSEN2) contribute to the pathophysiology of disease by both gain-of-function and loss-of-function mechanisms. Deletions of PSEN1 and PSEN2 in the mouse forebrain result in a strong and progressive neurodegenerative phenotype which is characterized by both anatomical and behavioral changes. Results To better understand the molecular changes associated with these morphological and behavioral phenotypes, we performed a DNA microarray transcriptome profiling of the hippocampus and the frontal cortex of the PSEN1/PSEN2 double knock-out mice and littermate controls at five different ages ranging from 2–8 months. Our data suggest that combined deficiencies of PSEN1 and PSEN2 results in a progressive, age-dependent transcriptome signature related to neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. While these events may progress differently in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, the most critical expression signatures are common across the two brain regions, and involve a strong upregulation of cathepsin and complement system transcripts. Conclusion The observed neuroinflammatory expression changes are likely to be causally linked to the neurodegenerative phenotype observed in mice with compound deletions of PSEN1 and PSEN2. Furthermore, our results suggest that the evaluation of inhibitors of PS/γ-secretase activity for treatment of Alzheimer's Disease must include close monitoring for signs of calpain-cathepsin system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Károly Mirnics
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232, USA.
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Lütjohann D, Tamboli IY, Prager K, Thal DR, Thelen KM, Dewachter I, Pietrzik CU, St. George-Hyslop P, Sisodia SS, Müller U, van Leuven F, Walter J. Loss of γ-secretase function impairs endocytosis of lipoprotein particles and membrane cholesterol homeostasis. Chem Phys Lipids 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2008.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Walter J, Thelen K, Lütjohann D, DeWachter I, Leuven F, Sisodia SS, St. George-Hyslop P, Thal D, Tamboli I. P4‐190: Role of gamma‐secretase in lipoprotein endocytosis. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kim SH, Park HJ, Ikeuchi T, Sisodia SS. O4‐03–01: Evidence that RER1 is the limiting cellular factor for the ER retrieval of gamma‐secretase complex. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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