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Sharifi S, Rostami F, Babaei Khorzoughi K, Rahmati M. Effect of time-restricted eating and intermittent fasting on cognitive function and mental health in older adults: A systematic review. Prev Med Rep 2024; 42:102757. [PMID: 38774517 PMCID: PMC11107340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Emerging evidence suggests that dietary interventions hold promise for promoting cognitive function and mental well-being in aging populations. This systematic review aimed to examine the potential relationship between Time-Restricted Eating (TRE) and Intermittent Fasting (IFA) with cognitive function and mental health in older adults. Methods A thorough exploration was undertaken on electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, up to October 2023, following PRISMA standards. The evaluation of the quality and potential bias in the incorporated articles involved the use of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). Results From a total of 539 articles initially identified, eight studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review. Out of these eight studies, six focused on cognitive function, and 2 focused on mental health. The reviewed articles encompassed a wide range of population sizes, with the number of older adults studied varying from 10 to 1357, reflecting a diverse cohort of individuals. Conclusions.The findings suggest that TRE and IFA may have a positive impact on cognitive function and mental health in this population. However, additional research is needed to fully comprehend this relationship. Therefore, future research should specifically examine factors such as the duration and timing of the eating window in TRE, as well as the physical condition of older adults, to provide a more nuanced understanding of the cognitive and mental health benefits of TRE and IFA in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Sharifi
- Department of Geriatric and Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rostami
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kimia Babaei Khorzoughi
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Islamic Azad University Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rahmati
- Department of Geriatric and Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
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2
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Giudici K. Does Nutritional Supplementation Have a Disease-Modifying Effect on the Alzheimer's Disease Neurodegenerative Process? JAR LIFE 2024; 13:73-76. [PMID: 38803457 PMCID: PMC11129676 DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2024.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Because nutrition is one of the main factors related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), questions arise about how taking nutrients as supplements can affect its pathophysiological process. In the present study, an overview of the potential effects of nutritional supplementation on the main biomarkers related to the AD pathophysiology (i.e., amyloid-β and tau) is explored. Trials testing the supplementation of single or combined nutrients versus placebo identified effects on some AD biomarkers, but changes were not always accompanied by positive effects on cognitive function. Differences in characteristics of studied populations (cognitive status, age, educational level), choice of nutrient combinations and doses, duration of intervention, and adjustments for potential confounders are some factors that may explain discrepancies in findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.V. Giudici
- Institute of Aging, Gerontopole of Toulouse, Toulouse University Hospital, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Ren Q, Fu J, Duan X, Sun L, Mu Z, Liang W, Li Y, Wang Z, Xiu S. The Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Brain Gene Expressions in Type 2 Diabetes Background. Neuroscience 2024; 549:101-109. [PMID: 38734303 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor of a number of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Ketogenic diet (KD) has significant beneficial effects on glycemic control and may act effectively against NDDs, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential effects of KD on gene expressions in the brains of T2DM model mice. Male db/db mice at the age of 9 weeks were fed with KD or normal diet to the age of 6 months, and the whole brains were subjected to mRNA-seq analysis for differentially expressed genes. KD significantly lowered fasting glucose and body weights in db/db mice (P < 0.05), and the expression of 189 genes in the brain were significantly changed (P < 0.05, |log2| > 1). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes upon KD are involved in inflammatory responses and the functions of biosynthesis. In inflammatory responses, NF-κB signaling pathway, viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways were enriched, and in biosynthesis pathways, genes functioning in lipid and amino acid metabolism, protein synthesis, and energy metabolism were enriched. Moreover, consistent with the gene set enrichment analysis results, proteasomal activity measured biochemically were enhanced in KD-fed T2DM mice. These data may facilitate the understanding of how KD can be protective to the brain in T2DM background. KD could be a new strategy for the prevention of NDDs in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxu Ren
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Department of Neurology, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaoye Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhijing Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wenping Liang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Department of Neurology, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Li
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Department of Neurology, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Department of Neurology, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuangling Xiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
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4
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Eteleeb AM, Novotny BC, Tarraga CS, Sohn C, Dhungel E, Brase L, Nallapu A, Buss J, Farias F, Bergmann K, Bradley J, Norton J, Gentsch J, Wang F, Davis AA, Morris JC, Karch CM, Perrin RJ, Benitez BA, Harari O. Brain high-throughput multi-omics data reveal molecular heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002607. [PMID: 38687811 PMCID: PMC11086901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Unbiased data-driven omic approaches are revealing the molecular heterogeneity of Alzheimer disease. Here, we used machine learning approaches to integrate high-throughput transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic profiles with clinical and neuropathological data from multiple human AD cohorts. We discovered 4 unique multimodal molecular profiles, one of them showing signs of poor cognitive function, a faster pace of disease progression, shorter survival with the disease, severe neurodegeneration and astrogliosis, and reduced levels of metabolomic profiles. We found this molecular profile to be present in multiple affected cortical regions associated with higher Braak tau scores and significant dysregulation of synapse-related genes, endocytosis, phagosome, and mTOR signaling pathways altered in AD early and late stages. AD cross-omics data integration with transcriptomic data from an SNCA mouse model revealed an overlapping signature. Furthermore, we leveraged single-nuclei RNA-seq data to identify distinct cell-types that most likely mediate molecular profiles. Lastly, we identified that the multimodal clusters uncovered cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers poised to monitor AD progression and possibly cognition. Our cross-omics analyses provide novel critical molecular insights into AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M. Eteleeb
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- The Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Brenna C. Novotny
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carolina Soriano Tarraga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Christopher Sohn
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Eliza Dhungel
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Logan Brase
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Aasritha Nallapu
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jared Buss
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Fabiana Farias
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kristy Bergmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joseph Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joanne Norton
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jen Gentsch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Fengxian Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Albert A. Davis
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - John C. Morris
- The Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Celeste M. Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- The Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Perrin
- The Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Bruno A. Benitez
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Oscar Harari
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- The Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Pinheiro FI, Araújo-Filho I, do Rego ACM, de Azevedo EP, Cobucci RN, Guzen FP. Hepatopancreatic metabolic disorders and their implications in the development of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102250. [PMID: 38417711 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Dementia has been faced with significant public health challenges and economic burdens that urges the need to develop safe and effective interventions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the relationship between dementia and liver and pancreatic metabolic disorders that result in diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Previous reports have shown that there is a plausible correlation between pathologies caused by hepatopancreatic dysfunctions and dementia. Glucose, insulin and IGF-1 metabolized in the liver and pancreas probably have an important influence on the pathophysiology of the most common dementias: Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. This current review highlights recent studies aimed at identifying convergent mechanisms, such as insulin resistance and other diseases, linked to altered hepatic and pancreatic metabolism, which are capable of causing brain changes that ultimately lead to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco I Pinheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Surgical, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil; Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the Liga Norte Rio-Grandense Against Cancer
| | - Irami Araújo-Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Surgical, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Amália C M do Rego
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the Liga Norte Rio-Grandense Against Cancer
| | - Eduardo P de Azevedo
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ricardo N Cobucci
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Science Applied to Women`s Health, Medical School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Fausto P Guzen
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health and Society, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil.
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6
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Chaves JCS, Dando SJ, White AR, Oikari LE. Blood-brain barrier transporters: An overview of function, dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and strategies for treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166967. [PMID: 38008230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain-barrier (BBB) has a major function in maintaining brain homeostasis by regulating the entry of molecules from the blood to the brain. Key players in BBB function are BBB transporters which are highly expressed in brain endothelial cells (BECs) and critical in mediating the exchange of nutrients and waste products. BBB transporters can also influence drug delivery into the brain by inhibiting or facilitating the entry of brain targeting therapeutics for the treatment of brain disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have shown that AD is associated with a disrupted BBB and transporter dysfunction, although their roles in the development in AD are not fully understand. Modulation of BBB transporter activity may pose a novel approach to enhance the delivery of drugs to the brain for enhanced treatment of AD. In this review, we will give an overview of key functions of BBB transporters and known changes in AD. In addition, we will discuss current strategies for transporter modulation for enhanced drug delivery into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C S Chaves
- Mental Health and Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Samantha J Dando
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anthony R White
- Mental Health and Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lotta E Oikari
- Mental Health and Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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7
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Fontanella RA, Ghosh P, Pesapane A, Taktaz F, Puocci A, Franzese M, Feliciano MF, Tortorella G, Scisciola L, Sommella E, Ambrosino C, Paolisso G, Barbieri M. Tirzepatide prevents neurodegeneration through multiple molecular pathways. J Transl Med 2024; 22:114. [PMID: 38287296 PMCID: PMC10823712 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04927-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several evidence demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) reduce the risk of dementia in type 2 diabetes patients by improving memory, learning, and overcoming cognitive impairment. In this study, we elucidated the molecular processes underlying the protective effect of Tirzepatide (TIR), a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonist (GIP-RA)/ GLP-1RA, against learning and memory disorders. METHODS We investigated the effects of TIR on markers of neuronal growth (CREB and BDNF), apoptosis (BAX/Bcl2 ratio) differentiation (pAkt, MAP2, GAP43, and AGBL4), and insulin resistance (GLUT1, GLUT4, GLUT3 and SORBS1) in a neuroblastoma cell line (SHSY5Y) exposed to normal and high glucose concentration. The potential role on DNA methylation of genes involved in neuroprotection and epigenetic modulators of neuronal growth (miRNA 34a), apoptosis (miRNA 212), and differentiation (miRNA 29c) was also investigated. The cell proliferation was detected by measuring Ki-67 through flow cytometry. The data were analysed by SPSS IBM Version 23 or GraphPad Prism 7.0 software and expressed as the means ± SEM. Differences between the mean values were considered significant at a p-value of < 0.05. GraphPad Prism software was used for drawing figures. RESULTS For the first time, it was highlighted: (a) the role of TIR in the activation of the pAkt/CREB/BDNF pathway and the downstream signaling cascade; (b) TIR efficacy in neuroprotection; (c) TIR counteracting of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance-related effects at the neuronal level. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that TIR can ameliorate high glucose-induced neurodegeneration and overcome neuronal insulin resistance. Thus, this study provides new insight into the potential role of TIR in improving diabetes-related neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Anna Fontanella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Puja Ghosh
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ada Pesapane
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Taktaz
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Armando Puocci
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Franzese
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Federica Feliciano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tortorella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Biogem Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- UniCamillus, International Medical University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Mu C, Gao M, Xu W, Sun X, Chen T, Xu H, Qiu H. Mechanisms of microRNA-132 in central neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116029. [PMID: 38128185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-132 (miR-132) is a highly conserved molecule that plays a crucial regulatory role in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The expression levels of miR-132 exhibit variability in various neurological disorders and have been closely linked to disease onset and progression. The expression level of miR-132 in the CNS is regulated by a diverse range of stimuli and signaling pathways, including neuronal migration and integration, dendritic outgrowth, and complexity, synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity, as well as inflammation and apoptosis activation. The aberrant expression of miR-132 in various central neurodegenerative diseases has garnered widespread attention. Clinical studies have revealed altered miR-132 expression levels in both chronic and acute CNS diseases, positioning miR-132 as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target. An in-depth exploration of miR-132 holds the promise of enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying CNS diseases, thereby offering novel insights and strategies for disease diagnosis and treatment. It is anticipated that this review will assist researchers in recognizing the potential value of miR-132 and in generating innovative ideas for clinical trials related to CNS degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Mu
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weijing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianhao Chen
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hongbin Qiu
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
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9
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Cheng Y, Zhu H, Sun D, Li L, Liu C, Sun S, Guo Y, Gu C, Gao Y, He G, Xue S. High triglyceride-glucose index at admission is a predictor of post-stroke cognitive impairment in patients with acute ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107510. [PMID: 38000109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a very common complication of ischemic stroke (IS). Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index was an effective alternative marker of insulin resistance (IR). This prospective study was designed to explore the correlation between TyG index and PSCI. METHODS Between January 1 2021 to June 30 2022, consecutive patients with first onset IS were enrolled prospectively. Baseline information was collected at admission and fasting blood was drawn the next morning. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate cognitive function at three months after stroke. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the correlation between PSCI and TyG. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed to evaluate the predictive ability. RESULTS Ultimately, 313 patients were enrolled in this study. The TyG index was higher in patients with PSCI than those without PSCI (8.99 (8.55, 9.54) vs. 8.61(8.25, 8.87), P<0.001). The spearman correlation analysis indicated that TyG index was negatively correlated with MoCA score (r=-0.272, P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that TyG index was correlated with PSCI independently (P<0.001) regardless of whether the patients had diabetes or not. The area under curve (AUC) of the ROC was 0.684 (95%CI=0.635-0.768, P<0.001). The optimal cutoff value of TyG index for predicting PSCI was 8.81, with a sensitivity of 61.7% and a specificity of 73.6%. CONCLUSION A higher TyG index level at admission was independently correlated with increased risk of PSCI three months later and could be used as a predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215006, China; Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Honghong Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Dingming Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Changxia Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Shifu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Cong Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Guojun He
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, China.
| | - Shouru Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215006, China.
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10
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de Geus MB, Leslie SN, Lam T, Wang W, Roux-Dalvai F, Droit A, Kivisakk P, Nairn AC, Arnold SE, Carlyle BC. Mass spectrometry in cerebrospinal fluid uncovers association of glycolysis biomarkers with Alzheimer's disease in a large clinical sample. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22406. [PMID: 38104170 PMCID: PMC10725469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder with contributions from multiple pathophysiological pathways. One of the long-recognized and important features of AD is disrupted cerebral glucose metabolism, but the underlying molecular basis remains unclear. In this study, unbiased mass spectrometry was used to survey CSF from a large clinical cohort, comparing patients who are either cognitively unimpaired (CU; n = 68), suffering from mild-cognitive impairment or dementia from AD (MCI-AD, n = 95; DEM-AD, n = 72), or other causes (MCI-other, n = 77; DEM-other, n = 23), or Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH, n = 57). The results revealed changes related to altered glucose metabolism. In particular, two glycolytic enzymes, pyruvate kinase (PKM) and aldolase A (ALDOA), were found to be upregulated in CSF from patients with AD compared to those with other neurological conditions. Increases in full-length PKM and ALDOA levels in CSF were confirmed with immunoblotting. Levels of these enzymes furthermore correlated negatively with CSF glucose in matching CSF samples. PKM levels were also found to be increased in AD in publicly available brain-tissue data. These results indicate that ALDOA and PKM may act as technically-robust potential biomarkers of glucose metabolism dysregulation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs B de Geus
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shannon N Leslie
- Yale Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - TuKiet Lam
- W.M. Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Weiwei Wang
- W.M. Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Arnaud Droit
- CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Pia Kivisakk
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Becky C Carlyle
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Oxford, UK.
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11
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Piccirillo S, Preziuso A, Cerqueni G, Serfilippi T, Terenzi V, Vinciguerra A, Amoroso S, Lariccia V, Magi S. A strategic tool to improve the study of molecular determinants of Alzheimer's disease: The role of glyceraldehyde. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115869. [PMID: 37871878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration leading to severe cognitive, memory, and behavioral impairments. The onset of AD involves a complex interplay among various factors, including age, genetics, chronic inflammation, and impaired energy metabolism. Despite significant efforts, there are currently no effective therapies capable of modifying the course of AD, likely owing to an excessive focus on the amyloid hypothesis and a limited consideration of other intracellular pathways. In the present review, we emphasize the emerging concept of AD as a metabolic disease, where alterations in energy metabolism play a critical role in its development and progression. Notably, glucose metabolism impairment is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, and protein misfolding, forming interconnected processes that perpetuate a detrimental self-feeding loop sustaining AD progression. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), neurotoxic compounds that accumulate in AD, are considered an important consequence of glucose metabolism disruption, and glyceraldehyde (GA), a glycolytic intermediate, is a key contributor to AGEs formation in both neurons and astrocytes. Exploring the impact of GA-induced glucose metabolism impairment opens up exciting possibilities for creating an easy-to-handle in vitro model that recapitulates the early stage of the disease. This model holds great potential for advancing the development of novel therapeutics targeting various intracellular pathways implicated in AD pathogenesis. In conclusion, looking beyond the conventional amyloid hypothesis could lead researchers to discover promising targets for intervention, offering the possibility of addressing the existing medical gaps in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Piccirillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Preziuso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Serfilippi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Valentina Terenzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Antonio Vinciguerra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Amoroso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Lariccia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Simona Magi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
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12
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Guo R, Pang J, Zhao J, Xiao X, Li J, Li J, Wang W, Zhou S, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Chen H, Yuan T, Wu S, Liu Z. Unveiling the neuroprotective potential of dietary polysaccharides: a systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1299117. [PMID: 38075226 PMCID: PMC10702503 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1299117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders present a growing and costly global health challenge, accounting for over 11% of the diseases burden in high-income countries. Despite current treatments, patients often experience persistent symptoms that significantly affect their quality of life. Dietary polysaccharides have garnered attention for their potential as interventions for CNS disorders due to their diverse mechanisms of action, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Through an analysis of research articles published between January 5, 2013 and August 30, 2023, encompassing the intervention effects of dietary polysaccharides on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and stroke, we have conducted a comprehensive review with the aim of elucidating the role and mechanisms of dietary polysaccharides in various CNS diseases, spanning neurodegenerative, psychiatric, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurological dysfunctions. At least four categories of mechanistic bases are included in the dietary polysaccharides' intervention against CNS disease, which involves oxidative stress reduction, neuronal production, metabolic regulation, and gut barrier integrity. Notably, the ability of dietary polysaccharides to resist oxidation and modulate gut microbiota not only helps to curb the development of these diseases at an early stage, but also holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic agents for CNS diseases. In conclusion, this comprehensive review strives to advance therapeutic strategies for CNS disorders by elucidating the potential of dietary polysaccharides and advocating interdisciplinary collaboration to propel further research in this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingxi Pang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junhe Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingmeng Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongwang Chen
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Wu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Research and Development Center, Xi'an Yinqiao Dairy Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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13
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Wang B, Vashishth D. Advanced glycation and glycoxidation end products in bone. Bone 2023; 176:116880. [PMID: 37579812 PMCID: PMC10529863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, enhanced in diabetes and aging, result in excessive accumulation of advanced glycation and glycoxidation end products (AGEs/AGOEs) in bone. AGEs/AGOES are considered to be "the missing link" in explaining increased skeletal fragility with diabetes, aging, and osteoporosis where increased fracture risk cannot be solely explained by bone mass and/or fall incidences. AGEs/AGOEs disrupt bone turnover and deteriorate bone quality through alterations of organic matrix (collagen and non-collagenous proteins), mineral, and water content. AGEs and AGOEs are also associated with bone fragility in other conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, circadian rhythm disruption, and cancer. This review explains how AGEs and AGOEs accumulate in bone and impact bone quality and bone fracture, and how AGES/AGOEs are being targeted in preclinical and clinical investigations for inhibition or removal, and for prediction and management of diabetic, osteoporotic and insufficiency fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Wang
- Shirley Ann Jackson Ph.D. Center of Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Shirley Ann Jackson Ph.D. Center of Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Rensselaer - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Center for Engineering and Precision Medicine, New York, NY 10019, USA.
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14
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Reddy VP. Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2925. [PMID: 38001926 PMCID: PMC10669448 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, resulting from the excessive intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and other free radical species, contributes to the onset and progression of various diseases, including diabetes, obesity, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Oxidative stress is also implicated in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Exacerbated oxidative stress leads to the accelerated formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a complex mixture of crosslinked proteins and protein modifications. Relatively high levels of AGEs are generated in diabetes, obesity, AD, and other I neurological diseases. AGEs such as Ne-carboxymethyllysine (CML) serve as markers for disease progression. AGEs, through interaction with receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), initiate a cascade of deleterious signaling events to form inflammatory cytokines, and thereby further exacerbate oxidative stress in a vicious cycle. AGE inhibitors, AGE breakers, and RAGE inhibitors are therefore potential therapeutic agents for multiple diseases, including diabetes and AD. The complexity of the AGEs and the lack of well-established mechanisms for AGE formation are largely responsible for the lack of effective therapeutics targeting oxidative stress and AGE-related diseases. This review addresses the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AGE-related chronic diseases, including diabetes and neurological disorders, and recent progress in the development of therapeutics based on antioxidants, AGE breakers and RAGE inhibitors. Furthermore, this review outlines therapeutic strategies based on single-atom nanozymes that attenuate oxidative stress through the sequestering of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
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15
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Stanca S, Rossetti M, Bongioanni P. Astrocytes as Neuroimmunocytes in Alzheimer's Disease: A Biochemical Tool in the Neuron-Glia Crosstalk along the Pathogenetic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13880. [PMID: 37762184 PMCID: PMC10531177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed at assessing Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis through the investigation of the astrocytic role to transduce the load of amyloid-beta (Aβ) into neuronal death. The backbone of this review is focused on the deepening of the molecular pathways eliciting the activation of astrocytes crucial phenomena in the understanding of AD as an autoimmune pathology. The complex relations among astrocytes, Aβ and tau, together with the role played by the tripartite synapsis are discussed. A review of studies published from 1979 to 2023 on Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases was conducted. The selected papers focused not only on the morphological and metabolic characteristics of astrocytes, but also on the latest notions about their multifunctional involvement in AD pathogenesis. Astrocytes participate in crucial pathways, including pruning and sprouting, by which the AD neurodegeneration evolves from an aggregopathy to neuroinflammation, loss of synapses and neuronal death. A1 astrocytes stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory molecules which have been correlated with the progression of AD cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to "hold back" the A1 polarization and, thus, to slow the worsening of the disease. AD clinical expression is the result of dysfunctional neuronal interactions, but this is only the end of a process involving a plurality of protagonists. One of these is the astrocyte, whose importance this work intends to put under the spotlight in the AD scenario, reflecting the multifaceted nature of this disease in the functional versatility of this glial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Stanca
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- NeuroCare Onlus, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Martina Rossetti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- NeuroCare Onlus, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Bongioanni
- NeuroCare Onlus, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Medical Specialties Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56100 Pisa, Italy
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16
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Ramos-Campo DJ, Belinchón-deMiguel P, Martinez-Guardado I, Dalamitros AA, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2488. [PMID: 37760929 PMCID: PMC10526226 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and psychiatric illnesses. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between mitochondria and brain disease, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms and exploring potential therapeutic opportunities. The review covers key topics such as mitochondrial DNA mutations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dynamics, calcium dysregulation, and reactive oxygen species generation in the context of brain disease. Additionally, it discusses emerging strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial protective agents, metabolic modulators, and gene therapy approaches. By critically analysing the existing literature and recent advancements, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the multifaceted role of mitochondria in brain disease and shed light on novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Group de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco
- Psychology Department, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Belinchón-deMiguel
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | | | - Athanasios A. Dalamitros
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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17
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Torres-Sánchez ED, Ortiz GG, Reyes-Uribe E, Torres-Jasso JH, Salazar-Flores J. Effect of pesticides on phosphorylation of tau protein, and its influence on Alzheimer's disease. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5628-5642. [PMID: 37727721 PMCID: PMC10506003 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i24.5628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and neurodegenerative illness which results in alterations in cognitive development. It is characterized by loss/dysfunction of cholinergic neurons, and formation of amyloid plaques, and formation of neurofibrillary tangles, among other changes, due to hyperphosphorylation of tau-protein. Exposure to pesticides in humans occurs frequently due to contact with contaminated food, water, or particles. Organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids and neonicotinoids are associated with the most diagnosed incidents of severe cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of these pesticides on the phosphorylation of tau protein, and its cognitive implications in the development of AD. It was found that exposure to pesticides increased the phosphorylation of tau protein at sites Ser198, Ser199, Ser202, Thr205, Ser396 and Ser404. Contact with these chemicals altered the enzymatic activities of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, and protein phosphatase-2A. Moreover, it altered the expression of the microtubule associated protein tau gene, and changed levels of intracellular calcium. These changes affected tau protein phosphorylation and neuroinflammation, and also increased oxidative stress. In addition, the exposed subjects had poor level of performance in tests that involved evaluation of novelty, as test on verbal, non-verbal, spatial memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erandis D Torres-Sánchez
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University Center of la Cienega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlan 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Genaro G Ortiz
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines and Service of Molecular Biology in Medicine Hospital Civil, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Reyes-Uribe
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University Center of la Cienega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlan 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan H Torres-Jasso
- Department of Biological Sciences, CUCOSTA, University of Guadalajara, Puerto Vallarta 48280, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Joel Salazar-Flores
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University Center of la Cienega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlan 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
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18
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Xue Z, Ye L, Ge J, Lan Z, Zou X, Mao C, Bao X, Yu L, Xu Y, Zhu X. Wwl70-induced ABHD6 inhibition attenuates memory deficits and pathological phenotypes in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106864. [PMID: 37480972 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). α/β-hydrolase domain-containing 6 (ABHD6) contributes to synaptic dysfunctions, and ABHD6 inhibition has shown potential therapeutic value in neurological disorders. However, the role of ABHD6 in AD has not been fully defined. In this study, we demonstrated that adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated shRNA targeting ABHD6 in hippocampal neurons attenuated synaptic dysfunction and memory impairment of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice, while it didn't affect the amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels and neuroinflammation in the brains. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of wwl70, a specific inhibitor of ABHD6, improved synaptic plasticity and memory function in APP/PS1 mice, which might attribute to the activation of endogenous cannabinoid signaling. Furthermore, wwl70 significantly decreased the Aβ levels and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of AD mice, and enhanced Aβ phagocytized by microglia. In conclusion, for the first time our data have shown that ABHD6 inhibition might be a promising strategy for AD treatment, and wwl70 is a potential candidate for AD drug development pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Xue
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwei Ge
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Lan
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinxin Zou
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linjie Yu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Lista S, González-Domínguez R, López-Ortiz S, González-Domínguez Á, Menéndez H, Martín-Hernández J, Lucia A, Emanuele E, Centonze D, Imbimbo BP, Triaca V, Lionetto L, Simmaco M, Cuperlovic-Culf M, Mill J, Li L, Mapstone M, Santos-Lozano A, Nisticò R. Integrative metabolomics science in Alzheimer's disease: Relevance and future perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101987. [PMID: 37343679 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is determined by various pathophysiological mechanisms starting 10-25 years before the onset of clinical symptoms. As multiple functionally interconnected molecular/cellular pathways appear disrupted in AD, the exploitation of high-throughput unbiased omics sciences is critical to elucidating the precise pathogenesis of AD. Among different omics, metabolomics is a fast-growing discipline allowing for the simultaneous detection and quantification of hundreds/thousands of perturbed metabolites in tissues or biofluids, reproducing the fluctuations of multiple networks affected by a disease. Here, we seek to critically depict the main metabolomics methodologies with the aim of identifying new potential AD biomarkers and further elucidating AD pathophysiological mechanisms. From a systems biology perspective, as metabolic alterations can occur before the development of clinical signs, metabolomics - coupled with existing accessible biomarkers used for AD screening and diagnosis - can support early disease diagnosis and help develop individualized treatment plans. Presently, the majority of metabolomic analyses emphasized that lipid metabolism is the most consistently altered pathway in AD pathogenesis. The possibility that metabolomics may reveal crucial steps in AD pathogenesis is undermined by the difficulty in discriminating between the causal or epiphenomenal or compensatory nature of metabolic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lista
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Susana López-Ortiz
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Héctor Menéndez
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Martín-Hernández
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diego Centonze
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Lionetto
- Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf
- Digital Technologies Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark Mapstone
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain; Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Nisticò
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy
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20
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Douglas A, Stevens B, Lynch L. Interleukin-17 as a key player in neuroimmunometabolism. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1088-1100. [PMID: 37488456 PMCID: PMC10440016 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, interleukin (IL)-17 cytokines are produced by innate and adaptive lymphocytes. However, the IL-17 family has widespread expression throughout evolution, dating as far back as cnidaria, molluscs and worms, which predate lymphocytes. The evolutionary conservation of IL-17 suggests that it is involved in innate defence strategies, but also that this cytokine family has a fundamental role beyond typical host defence. Throughout evolution, IL-17 seems to have a major function in homeostatic maintenance at barrier sites. Most recently, a pivotal role has been identified for IL-17 in regulating cellular metabolism, neuroimmunology and tissue physiology, particularly in adipose tissue. Here we review the emerging role of IL-17 signalling in regulating metabolic processes, which may shine a light on the evolutionary role of IL-17 beyond typical immune responses. We propose that IL-17 helps to coordinate the cross-talk among the nervous, endocrine and immune systems for whole-body energy homeostasis as a key player in neuroimmunometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Douglas
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, TBSI, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brenneth Stevens
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, TBSI, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lydia Lynch
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, TBSI, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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de Geus MB, Leslie SN, Lam T, Wang W, Kivisakk P, Nairn AC, Arnold SE, Carlyle BC. Mass Spectrometry in Cerebrospinal Fluid Uncovers Association of Glycolysis Biomarkers with Alzheimer's Disease in a Large Clinical Sample. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3073597. [PMID: 37461556 PMCID: PMC10350182 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3073597/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by multiple pathophysiologies, including disruptions in brain metabolism. Defining markers for patient stratification across these pathophysiologies is an important step towards personalized treatment of AD. Efficient brain glucose metabolism is essential to sustain neuronal activity, but hypometabolism is consistently observed in AD. The molecular changes underlying these observations remain unclear. Recent studies have indicated dysregulation of several glycolysis markers in AD cerebrospinal fluid and tissue. Methods In this study, unbiased mass spectrometry was used to perform a deep proteomic survey of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a large-scale clinically complex cohort to uncover changes related to impaired glucose metabolism. Results Two glycolytic enzymes, Pyruvate kinase (PKM) and Aldolase A (ALDOA) were found to be specifically upregulated in AD CSF compared to other non-AD groups. Presence of full-length protein of these enzymes in CSF was confirmed through immunoblotting. Levels of tryptic peptides of these enzymes correlated significantly with CSF glucose and CSF lactate in matching CSF samples. Conclusions The results presented here indicate a general dysregulation of glucose metabolism in the brain in AD. We highlight two markers ALDOA and PKM that may act as potential functionally-relevant biomarkers of glucose metabolism dysregulation in AD.
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22
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Zhang W, Young JI, Gomez L, Schmidt MA, Lukacsovich D, Varma A, Chen XS, Martin ER, Wang L. Distinct CSF biomarker-associated DNA methylation in Alzheimer's disease and cognitively normal subjects. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:78. [PMID: 37038196 PMCID: PMC10088180 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence has demonstrated that DNA methylation (DNAm) plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that DNAm differences can be detected in the blood of AD subjects. Most studies have correlated blood DNAm with the clinical diagnosis of AD in living individuals. However, as the pathophysiological process of AD can begin many years before the onset of clinical symptoms, there is often disagreement between neuropathology in the brain and clinical phenotypes. Therefore, blood DNAm associated with AD neuropathology, rather than with clinical data, would provide more relevant information on AD pathogenesis. METHODS We performed a comprehensive analysis to identify blood DNAm associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathological biomarkers for AD. Our study included matched samples of whole blood DNA methylation, CSF Aβ42, phosphorylated tau181 (pTau181), and total tau (tTau) biomarkers data, measured on the same subjects and at the same clinical visits from a total of 202 subjects (123 CN or cognitively normal, 79 AD) in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. To validate our findings, we also examined the association between premortem blood DNAm and postmortem brain neuropathology measured on a group of 69 subjects in the London dataset. RESULTS We identified a number of novel associations between blood DNAm and CSF biomarkers, demonstrating that changes in pathological processes in the CSF are reflected in the blood epigenome. Overall, the CSF biomarker-associated DNAm is relatively distinct in CN and AD subjects, highlighting the importance of analyzing omics data measured on cognitively normal subjects (which includes preclinical AD subjects) to identify diagnostic biomarkers, and considering disease stages in the development and testing of AD treatment strategies. Moreover, our analysis revealed biological processes associated with early brain impairment relevant to AD are marked by DNAm in the blood, and blood DNAm at several CpGs in the DMR on HOXA5 gene are associated with pTau181 in the CSF, as well as tau-pathology and DNAm in the brain, nominating DNAm at this locus as a promising candidate AD biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a valuable resource for future mechanistic and biomarker studies of DNAm in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Juan I Young
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Lissette Gomez
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Michael A Schmidt
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - David Lukacsovich
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Achintya Varma
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - X Steven Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Lily Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14Th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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23
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Sonsalla MM, Lamming DW. Geroprotective interventions in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00782-w. [PMID: 37022634 PMCID: PMC10400530 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative disease. As the population ages, the increasing prevalence of AD threatens massive healthcare costs in the coming decades. Unfortunately, traditional drug development efforts for AD have proven largely unsuccessful. A geroscience approach to AD suggests that since aging is the main driver of AD, targeting aging itself may be an effective way to prevent or treat AD. Here, we discuss the effectiveness of geroprotective interventions on AD pathology and cognition in the widely utilized triple-transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD) which develops both β-amyloid and tau pathologies characteristic of human AD, as well as cognitive deficits. We discuss the beneficial impacts of calorie restriction (CR), the gold standard for geroprotective interventions, and the effects of other dietary interventions including protein restriction. We also discuss the promising preclinical results of geroprotective pharmaceuticals, including rapamycin and medications for type 2 diabetes. Though these interventions and treatments have beneficial effects in the 3xTg-AD model, there is no guarantee that they will be as effective in humans, and we discuss the need to examine these interventions in additional animal models as well as the urgent need to test if some of these approaches can be translated from the lab to the bedside for the treatment of humans with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2500 Overlook Terrace, VAH C3127 Research 151, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2500 Overlook Terrace, VAH C3127 Research 151, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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24
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Espinosa-Jiménez T, Cano A, Sánchez-López E, Olloquequi J, Folch J, Bulló M, Verdaguer E, Auladell C, Pont C, Muñoz-Torrero D, Parcerisas A, Camins A, Ettcheto M. A novel rhein-huprine hybrid ameliorates disease-modifying properties in preclinical mice model of Alzheimer's disease exacerbated with high fat diet. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:52. [PMID: 36895036 PMCID: PMC9999531 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01000-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a polyetiological origin. Despite the global burden of AD and the advances made in AD drug research and development, the cure of the disease remains elusive, since any developed drug has demonstrated effectiveness to cure AD. Strikingly, an increasing number of studies indicate a linkage between AD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as both diseases share some common pathophysiological features. In fact, β-secretase (BACE1) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), two enzymes involved in both conditions, have been considered promising targets for both pathologies. In this regard, due to the multifactorial origin of these diseases, current research efforts are focusing on the development of multi-target drugs as a very promising option to derive effective treatments for both conditions. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of rhein-huprine hybrid (RHE-HUP), a synthesized BACE1 and AChE inhibitor, both considered key factors not only in AD but also in metabolic pathologies. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of this compound in APP/PS1 female mice, a well-established familial AD mouse model, challenged by high-fat diet (HFD) consumption to concomitantly simulate a T2DM-like condition. RESULTS Intraperitoneal treatment with RHE-HUP in APP/PS1 mice for 4 weeks reduced the main hallmarks of AD, including Tau hyperphosphorylation, Aβ42 peptide levels and plaque formation. Moreover, we found a decreased inflammatory response together with an increase in different synaptic proteins, such as drebrin 1 (DBN1) or synaptophysin, and in neurotrophic factors, especially in BDNF levels, correlated with a recovery in the number of dendritic spines, which resulted in memory improvement. Notably, the improvement observed in this model can be attributed directly to a protein regulation at central level, since no peripheral modification of those alterations induced by HFD consumption was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that RHE-HUP could be a new candidate for the treatment of AD, even for individuals with high risk due to peripheral metabolic disturbances, given its multi-target profile which allows for the improvement of some of the most important hallmarks of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triana Espinosa-Jiménez
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Cano
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona-International University of Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Jaume Folch
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201, Reus, Spain.,Nutrition and Metabolic Health Research Group, Institute of Health Pere Virgili-IISPV, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201, Reus, Spain.,Nutrition and Metabolic Health Research Group, Institute of Health Pere Virgili-IISPV, 43201, Reus, Spain.,CIBER Physiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Auladell
- Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caterina Pont
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Parcerisas
- Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. .,Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27/31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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25
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Neurotransmitters in Type 2 Diabetes and the Control of Systemic and Central Energy Balance. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030384. [PMID: 36984824 PMCID: PMC10058084 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient signal transduction is important in maintaining the function of the nervous system across tissues. An intact neurotransmission process can regulate energy balance through proper communication between neurons and peripheral organs. This ensures that the right neural circuits are activated in the brain to modulate cellular energy homeostasis and systemic metabolic function. Alterations in neurotransmitters secretion can lead to imbalances in appetite, glucose metabolism, sleep, and thermogenesis. Dysregulation in dietary intake is also associated with disruption in neurotransmission and can trigger the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. In this review, we highlight the various roles of neurotransmitters in regulating energy balance at the systemic level and in the central nervous system. We also address the link between neurotransmission imbalance and the development of T2D as well as perspectives across the fields of neuroscience and metabolism research.
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26
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Vianello C, Salluzzo M, Anni D, Boriero D, Buffelli M, Carboni L. Increased Expression of Autophagy-Related Genes in Alzheimer's Disease-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity Models in Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20054540. [PMID: 36901549 PMCID: PMC10002426 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been extensively demonstrated, but despite this, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying it are still unknown. In previous work, we discovered a central role for the autophagy pathway in the common alterations observed between AD and T2DM. In this study, we further investigate the role of genes belonging to this pathway, measuring their mRNA expression and protein levels in 3xTg-AD transgenic mice, an animal model of AD. Moreover, primary mouse cortical neurons derived from this model and the human H4Swe cell line were used as cellular models of insulin resistance in AD brains. Hippocampal mRNA expression showed significantly different levels for Atg16L1, Atg16L2, GabarapL1, GabarapL2, and Sqstm1 genes at different ages of 3xTg-AD mice. Significantly elevated expression of Atg16L1, Atg16L2, and GabarapL1 was also observed in H4Swe cell cultures, in the presence of insulin resistance. Gene expression analysis confirmed that Atg16L1 was significantly increased in cultures from transgenic mice when insulin resistance was induced. Taken together, these results emphasise the association of the autophagy pathway in AD-T2DM co-morbidity, providing new evidence about the pathophysiology of both diseases and their mutual interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Vianello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Salluzzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Anni
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Diana Boriero
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Buffelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia Carboni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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27
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Zhang W, Young JI, Gomez L, Schmidt MA, Lukacsovich D, Varma A, Chen XS, Martin ER, Wang L. Distinct CSF biomarker-associated DNA methylation in Alzheimer's disease and cognitively normal subjects. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2391364. [PMID: 36865230 PMCID: PMC9980279 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2391364/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Growing evidence has demonstrated that DNA methylation (DNAm) plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that DNAm differences can be detected in the blood of AD subjects. Most studies have correlated blood DNAm with the clinical diagnosis of AD in living individuals. However, as the pathophysiological process of AD can begin many years before the onset of clinical symptoms, there is often disagreement between neuropathology in the brain and clinical phenotypes. Therefore, blood DNAm associated with AD neuropathology, rather than with clinical data, would provide more relevant information on AD pathogenesis. Methods We performed a comprehensive analysis to identify blood DNAm associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathological biomarkers for AD. Our study included matched samples of whole blood DNA methylation, CSF Aβ 42 , phosphorylated tau 181 (pTau 181 ), and total tau (tTau) biomarkers data, measured on the same subjects and at the same clinical visits from a total of 202 subjects (123 CN or cognitively normal, 79 AD) in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. To validate our findings, we also examined the association between premortem blood DNAm and postmortem brain neuropathology measured on a group of 69 subjects in the London dataset. Results We identified a number of novel associations between blood DNAm and CSF biomarkers, demonstrating that changes in pathological processes in the CSF are reflected in the blood epigenome. Overall, the CSF biomarker-associated DNAm is relatively distinct in CN and AD subjects, highlighting the importance of analyzing omics data measured on cognitively normal subjects (which includes preclinical AD subjects) to identify diagnostic biomarkers, and considering disease stages in the development and testing of AD treatment strategies. Moreover, our analysis revealed biological processes associated with early brain impairment relevant to AD are marked by DNAm in the blood, and blood DNAm at several CpGs in the DMR on HOXA5 gene are associated with pTau 181 in the CSF, as well as tau-pathology and DNAm in the brain, nominating DNAm at this locus as a promising candidate AD biomarker. Conclusions Our study provides a valuable resource for future mechanistic and biomarker studies of DNAm in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine
| | - Juan I Young
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine
| | | | - Michael A Schmidt
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Eden R Martin
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine
| | - Lily Wang
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine
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Shpakov AO, Zorina II, Derkach KV. Hot Spots for the Use of Intranasal Insulin: Cerebral Ischemia, Brain Injury, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Disorders and Postoperative Delirium. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3278. [PMID: 36834685 PMCID: PMC9962062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A decrease in the activity of the insulin signaling system of the brain, due to both central insulin resistance and insulin deficiency, leads to neurodegeneration and impaired regulation of appetite, metabolism, endocrine functions. This is due to the neuroprotective properties of brain insulin and its leading role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the brain, as well as in the regulation of the brain signaling network responsible for the functioning of the nervous, endocrine, and other systems. One of the approaches to restore the activity of the insulin system of the brain is the use of intranasally administered insulin (INI). Currently, INI is being considered as a promising drug to treat Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. The clinical application of INI is being developed for the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases and improve cognitive abilities in stress, overwork, and depression. At the same time, much attention has recently been paid to the prospects of using INI for the treatment of cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injuries, and postoperative delirium (after anesthesia), as well as diabetes mellitus and its complications, including dysfunctions in the gonadal and thyroid axes. This review is devoted to the prospects and current trends in the use of INI for the treatment of these diseases, which, although differing in etiology and pathogenesis, are characterized by impaired insulin signaling in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander O. Shpakov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
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González-Madrid A, Calfío C, González A, Lüttges V, Maccioni RB. Toward Prevention and Reduction of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:439-457. [PMID: 37807781 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Different investigations lead to the urgent need to generate validated clinical protocols as a tool for medical doctors to orientate patients under risk for a preventive approach to control Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, there is consensus that the combined effects of risk factors for the disease can be modified according to lifestyle, thus controlling at least 40% of cases. The other fraction of cases are derived from candidate genes and epigenetic components as a relevant factor in AD pathogenesis. At this point, it appears to be of critical relevance the search for molecular biomarkers that may provide information on probable pathological events and alert about early detectable risks to prevent symptomatic events of the disease. These precocious detection markers will then allow early interventions of non-symptomatic subjects at risk. Here, we summarize the status and potential avenues of prevention and highlight the usefulness of biological and reliable markers for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia González-Madrid
- International Center for Biomedicine - ICC and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Calfío
- International Center for Biomedicine - ICC and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea González
- International Center for Biomedicine - ICC and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Lüttges
- International Center for Biomedicine - ICC and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo B Maccioni
- International Center for Biomedicine - ICC and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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González A, Calfio C, Lüttges V, González-Madrid A, Guzmán C. The Multifactorial Etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroinflammation as the Major Contributor. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:95-100. [PMID: 37248904 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. AD is a multifactorial disease, affected by several factors including amyloid-β42 oligomers, self-assembled tau, microbiota molecules, etc. However, inflammatory components are critical to trigger AD. Neuroinflammatory pathology links glial activation by "damage signals" with tau hyperphosphorylation, as explained by the Neuroimmunomodulation Theory, discovered by the ICC laboratory. This theory elucidates the onset and progression of several degenerative diseases and concept of "multitarget" therapy. These studies led to the rationale to identify inflammatory targets for the action of bioactive molecules or drugs against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea González
- International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Functional Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Calfio
- International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Functional Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Lüttges
- International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Functional Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonia González-Madrid
- International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Functional Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Guzmán
- International Center for Biomedicine (ICC), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Functional Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Wang Y, Hu H, Liu X, Guo X. Hypoglycemic medicines in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Pathophysiological links between AD and glucose metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1138499. [PMID: 36909158 PMCID: PMC9995522 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1138499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a global chronic disease in adults with beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau protein as the pathologic characteristics. Although the exact etiology of AD is still not fully elucidated, aberrant metabolism including insulin signaling and mitochondria dysfunction plays an important role in the development of AD. Binding to insulin receptor substrates, insulin can transport through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus mediating insulin signaling pathways to regulate physiological functions. Impaired insulin signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt/GSK3β and MAPK pathways, could cause damage to the brain in the pathogenesis of AD. Mitochondrial dysfunction and overexpression of TXNIP could also be causative links between AD and DM. Some antidiabetic medicines may have benefits in the treatment of AD. Metformin can be beneficial for cognition improvement in AD patients, although results from clinical trials were inconsistent. Exendin-4 may affect AD in animal models but there is a lack of clinical trials. Liraglutide and dulaglutide could also benefit AD patients in adequate clinical studies but not semaglutide. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP4is) such as saxagliptin, vildagliptin, linagliptin, and sitagliptin could boost cognitive function in animal models. And SGLT2 inhibitors such as empagliflozin and dapagliflozin were also considerably protective against new-onset dementia in T2DM patients. Insulin therapy is a promising therapy but some studies indicated that it may increase the risk of AD. Herbal medicines are helpful for cognitive function and neuroprotection in the brain. For example, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides, and flavonoids have protective benefits in cognition function and glucose metabolism. Focusing on glucose metabolism, we summarized the pharmacological mechanism of hypoglycemic drugs and herbal medicines. New treatment approaches including antidiabetic synthesized drugs and herbal medicines would be provided to patients with AD. More clinical trials are needed to produce definite evidence for the effectiveness of hypoglycemic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Guo
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Woodfield A, Gonzales T, Helmerhorst E, Laws S, Newsholme P, Porter T, Verdile G. Current Insights on the Use of Insulin and the Potential Use of Insulin Mimetics in Targeting Insulin Signalling in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415811. [PMID: 36555450 PMCID: PMC9779379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are chronic diseases that share several pathological mechanisms, including insulin resistance and impaired insulin signalling. Their shared features have prompted the evaluation of the drugs used to manage diabetes for the treatment of AD. Insulin delivery itself has been utilized, with promising effects, in improving cognition and reducing AD related neuropathology. The most recent clinical trial involving intranasal insulin reported no slowing of cognitive decline; however, several factors may have impacted the trial outcomes. Long-acting and rapid-acting insulin analogues have also been evaluated within the context of AD with a lack of consistent outcomes. This narrative review provided insight into how targeting insulin signalling in the brain has potential as a therapeutic target for AD and provided a detailed update on the efficacy of insulin, its analogues and the outcomes of human clinical trials. We also discussed the current evidence that warrants the further investigation of the use of the mimetics of insulin for AD. These small molecules may provide a modifiable alternative to insulin, aiding in developing drugs that selectively target insulin signalling in the brain with the aim to attenuate cognitive dysfunction and AD pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Woodfield
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Tatiana Gonzales
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Erik Helmerhorst
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Simon Laws
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Philip Newsholme
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Tenielle Porter
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9266 5618
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Effect of cx-DHED on Abnormal Glucose Transporter Expression Induced by AD Pathologies in the 5xFAD Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810602. [PMID: 36142509 PMCID: PMC9505457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a form of dementia associated with abnormal glucose metabolism resulting from amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tau protein tangles. In a previous study, we confirmed that carboxy-dehydroevodiamine∙HCl (cx-DHED), a derivative of DHED, was effective at improving cognitive impairment and reducing phosphorylated tau levels and synaptic loss in an AD mouse model. However, the specific mechanism of action of cx-DHED is unclear. In this study, we investigated how the cx-DHED attenuates AD pathologies in the 5xFAD mouse model, focusing particularly on abnormal glucose metabolism. We analyzed behavioral changes and AD pathologies in mice after intraperitoneal injection of cx-DHED for 2 months. As expected, cx-DHED reversed memory impairment and reduced Aβ plaques and astrocyte overexpression in the brains of 5xFAD mice. Interestingly, cx-DHED reversed the abnormal expression of glucose transporters in the brains of 5xFAD mice. In addition, otherwise low O-GlcNac levels increased, and the overactivity of phosphorylated GSK-3β decreased in the brains of cx-DHED-treated 5xFAD mice. Finally, the reduction in synaptic proteins was found to also improve by treatment with cx-DHED. Therefore, we specifically demonstrated the protective effects of cx-DHED against AD pathologies and suggest that cx-DHED may be a potential therapeutic drug for AD.
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Kumar V, Kim SH, Bishayee K. Dysfunctional Glucose Metabolism in Alzheimer’s Disease Onset and Potential Pharmacological Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179540. [PMID: 36076944 PMCID: PMC9455726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related dementia. The alteration in metabolic characteristics determines the prognosis. Patients at risk show reduced glucose uptake in the brain. Additionally, type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of AD with increasing age. Therefore, changes in glucose uptake in the cerebral cortex may predict the histopathological diagnosis of AD. The shifts in glucose uptake and metabolism, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and abnormal autophagy advance the pathogenesis of AD syndrome. Here, we summarize the role of altered glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes for AD prognosis. Additionally, we discuss diagnosis and potential pharmacological interventions for glucose metabolism defects in AD to encourage the development of novel therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - So-Hyeon Kim
- Biomedical Science Core-Facility, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Kausik Bishayee
- Biomedical Science Core-Facility, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- Correspondence: or
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