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Domingo-Espiñeira J, Varaona A, Montero M, Lara-Abelenda FJ, Gutierrez-Rojas L, Fernández del Campo EA, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Pinto da Costa M, Ortega MA, Alvarez-Mon M, Alvarez-Mon MA. Public perception of psychiatry, psychology and mental health professionals: a 15-year analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1369579. [PMID: 38745783 PMCID: PMC11092373 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1369579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background X (previously known as "Twitter") serves as a platform for open discussions on mental health, providing an avenue for scrutinizing public perspectives regarding psychiatry, psychology and their associated professionals. Objective To analyze the conversations happening on X about psychiatrists, psychologists, and their respective disciplines to understand how the public perception of these professionals and specialties has evolved over the last 15 years. Methods We collected and analyzed all tweets posted in English or Spanish between 2007 and 2023 referring to psychiatry, psychology, neurology, mental health, psychiatrist, psychologist, or neurologist using advance topic modelling and sentiment analysis. Results A total of 403,767 tweets were analyzed, 155,217 (38%) were in English and 248,550 (62%) in Spanish. Tweets about mental health and mental health professionals and disciplines showed a consistent volume between 2011 and 2016, followed by a gradual increase from 2016 through 2022. The proportion of tweets discussing mental health doubled from 2016 to 2022, increasing from 20% to 67% in Spanish and from 15% to 45% in English. Several differences were observed on the volume of tweets overtime depending on the language they were written. Users associated each term with varied topics, such as seeking for help and recommendation for therapy, self-help resources, medication and side effects, suicide prevention, mental health in times of crisis, among others. The number of tweets mentioning these topics increased by 5-10% from 2016 to 2022, indicating a growing interest among the population. Emotional analysis showed most of the topics were associated with fear and anger. Conclusion The increasing trend in discussions about mental health and the related professionals and disciplines over time may signify an elevated collective awareness of mental health. Gaining insights into the topics around these matters and user's corresponding emotions towards them presents an opportunity to combat the stigma surrounding mental health more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Varaona
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - María Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Lara-Abelenda
- Departamento Teoria de la Señal y Comunicaciones y Sistemas Telemáticos y Computación, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Luis Gutierrez-Rojas
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and CTS-549 Research Group, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research, Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
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Gronholm PC, Kline S, Lamba M, Lempp H, Mahkmud A, Morales Cano G, Vashisht K, Vera San Juan N, Sunkel C. Exploring perspectives of stigma and discrimination among people with lived experience of mental health conditions: a co-produced qualitative study. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 70:102509. [PMID: 38444431 PMCID: PMC10912051 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Efforts to understand the mechanisms and consequences of mental health-related stigma and discrimination need to center the perspectives of people affected by these negative impacts, through research efforts that are led or co-led by people with lived experience (PWLE) of mental health conditions. Methods This study used co-production principles to explore global perspectives of stigma and discrimination among people meeting the inclusion criteria of identifying as PWLEs and being willing to share their experiences of stigma and discrimination resulting from a diagnosis of a mental health condition, and who had also participated in anti-stigma activities. Participants were recruited online via a self-selecting snowball sampling method. Qualitative data were collected from respondents via an anonymous global online survey conducted between 12/01/2021 and 02/28/2022. The main outcomes assessed were open-ended, qualitative responses to questions exploring experiences of stigma and discrimination, experiences regarding diagnoses, language/terminology related to mental health, impact of stigma and discrimination, and involvement with anti-stigma interventions. Data were synthesised through digital text network analysis and thematic content analysis. Findings A total of 198 respondents from over 30 countries across Europe, the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Australia/Oceania were included in the study. The results reflected five themes: 1) the role of language and words; 2) the role of media in perpetuating and reducing stigma; 3) societal reactions to mental health conditions and strategies to cope with these; 4) knowledge about activities to reduce stigma and discrimination and their impact; and 5) personal involvement in activities to reduce stigma and discrimination. Interpretation The findings highlight that people with mental health conditions are aware of and experience stigma and discrimination across core domains of daily life. The importance of recognising the key role PWLEs can play in efforts to reduce stigma and discrimination was highlighted, and how they can be appropriately supported to contribute and have their experiential expertise recognised. Meaningful and authentic collaborations between PWLEs and other stakeholders can enhance the quality and relevance of strategies to reduce stigma and discrimination. This is, to our knowledge, the first study of its kind to use a co-production approach to explore experiences and reflections of stigma and discrimination related to mental health from a global perspective. However, the results are not broadly representative of the general PWLE population or suggestive of globally uniform experiences of stigma and discrimination. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra C. Gronholm
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Muskan Lamba
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, Southeast Asia, Delhi, India
| | - Heidi Lempp
- Centre for Rheumatic Disease, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Akerke Mahkmud
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kriti Vashisht
- Global Mental Health Peer Network, America's Region, TX, USA
| | - Norha Vera San Juan
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Rapid Research Evaluation and Appraisal Lab (RREAL), University College London, London, UK
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Ayers JW, Zhu Z, Harrigian K, Wightman GP, Dredze M, Strathdee SA, Smith DM. Managing HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Help-Seeking Behaviors on a Social Media Forum. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:1166-1172. [PMID: 37479919 PMCID: PMC10799963 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous editorials claim the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted vulnerable populations, particularly those affected by HIV, these claims have received limited empirical evaluation. We analyzed posts to Reddit's r/HIVAIDS from January 3, 2012 through April 30, 2022 to (a) assess changes in the volume of posts during the pandemic and (b) determine the needs of HIV affected communities. There were cumulatively 100% (95%CI: 75-126) more posts than expected since the US declared a pandemic emergency. The most prevalent themes in these posts were for obtaining an HIV + diagnosis (representing 34% (95%CI:29-40) of all posts), seeking HIV treatment (20%; 95%CI:16-25), finding psychosocial support (16%; 95%CI:12-20), and tracking disease progression (8%; 95%CI:5-11). Discussions about PrEP and PEP were the least common, representing less than 6% of all posts each. Social media has increasingly become an important health resource for vulnerable populations seeking information, advice, and support. Public health organizations should recognize how the lay public uses social media and collaborate with social media companies to ensure that the needs of help-seekers on these platforms are met.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Ayers
- Qualcomm Institute, University of California, #333 CRSF 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, #333 CRSF 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Zechariah Zhu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, #333 CRSF 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Keith Harrigian
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gwenyth P Wightman
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Dredze
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steffanie A Strathdee
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, #333 CRSF 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Davey M Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, #333 CRSF 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Altman Clinical Translational Research Institute, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
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Antonio MG, Veinot TC. From illness management to quality of life: rethinking consumer health informatics opportunities for progressive, potentially fatal illnesses. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2024; 31:674-691. [PMID: 38134954 PMCID: PMC10873853 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocad234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Investigate how people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-an example of a progressive, potentially fatal illness-are using digital technologies (DTs) to address illness experiences, outcomes and social connectedness. MATERIALS AND METHODS A transformative mixed methods study was conducted in Canada with people with COPD (n = 77) or with a progressive lung condition (n = 6). Stage-1 interviews (n = 7) informed the stage-2 survey. Survey responses (n = 80) facilitated the identification of participants for stage-3 interviews (n = 13). The interviews were thematically analyzed. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the survey. The integrative mixed method analysis involved mixing between and across the stages. RESULTS Most COPD participants (87.0%) used DTs. However, few participants frequently used DTs to self-manage COPD. People used DTs to seek online information about COPD symptoms and treatments, but lacked tailored information about illness progression. Few expressed interest in using DTs for self- monitoring and tracking. The regular use of DTs for intergenerational connections may facilitate leaving a legacy and passing on traditions and memories. Use of DTs for leisure activities provided opportunities for connecting socially and for respite, reminiscing, distraction and spontaneity. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION We advocate reconceptualizing consumer health technologies to prioritize quality of life for people with a progressive, potentially fatal illness. "Quality of life informatics" should focus on reducing stigma regarding illness and disability and taboo towards death, improving access to palliative care resources and encouraging experiences to support social, emotional and mental health. For DTs to support people with fatal, progressive illnesses, we must expand informatics strategies to quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcy G Antonio
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Tiffany C Veinot
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
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Kirchner S, Niederkrotenthaler T. Experiences of suicide survivors of sharing their stories about suicidality and overcoming a crisis in media and public talks: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:142. [PMID: 38200460 PMCID: PMC10777649 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Media stories of hope and recovery from suicidal ideation have been found to have a positive impact on the audience, but little is known about how individuals who share their own experiences perceive the effects of their storytelling. This study aimed to assess qualitatively, through focus groups, how individuals who shared their personal story of hope and recovery in the media and public talks experienced the process, and which aspects they perceived as important in sharing their coping story. METHODS Three focus groups were conducted with a total of n = 12 individuals. These included n = 5 participants with experience of suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt, n = 4 individuals who had been bereaved through suicide, and n = 3 participants who experienced both. Participants were recruited from the American organisation "Suicide Survivors United". Thematic analysis was used to assess the participants' perception and experiences of sharing their story. RESULTS Participants shared that the intention to help others was the main motivation to share their story of hope and recovery. Participants noted many positive effects of their storytelling on themselves and also received positive feedback from the audience, such as improved help-seeking attitudes. The participants offered recommendations for those who want to share their story of hope and recovery, including careful personal preparation and media training before going public. They also discussed media recommendations for talking about suicide in the media. CONCLUSIONS Sharing a personal story of hope and recovery may have a beneficial impact on the storytellers. Storytelling requires a careful preparation and training before going public and support and guidance is crucial in all stages of the storytelling, particularly to help unexperienced storytellers in going public and using their personal narratives to help prevent suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Kirchner
- Unit Suicide Research & Mental Health Promotion, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
- Wiener Werkstaette for Suicide Research, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
- Unit Suicide Research & Mental Health Promotion, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Wiener Werkstaette for Suicide Research, Vienna, Austria
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Al Omari O, Valsaraj BP, Khatatbeh M, Al-Jubouri MB, Emam M, Al Hashmi I, Al Qadire M, Aljezawi M, ALBashtawy M, Alkhawaldeh A, Hasona AA, Tarhini Z, Damra J, Al Sabei S, Mohamed N. Self and public stigma towards mental illnesses and its predictors among university students in 11 Arabic-speaking countries: A multi-site study. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:1745-1755. [PMID: 37614016 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore self and public stigma towards mental illness and associated factors among university students from 11 Arabic-speaking countries. This cross-sectional study included 4241 university students recruited from Oman, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Syria, Sudan, Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine and Egypt. The participants completed three self-administrative online questionnaires-Demographic Proforma (age, gender, family income, etc.), Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale and Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire. There was a significant difference in the average mean between the 11 countries (p < 0.01) based on stigma agreement (self) and stigma awareness (public). The mean stigma agreement towards mental illnesses among university students was 19.7 (SD = 6.0), with the lowest in Lebanon, 15.9 (SD = 5.1) and the highest in UAE, 24.1 (SD = 5.6). The factors associated with stigma agreement included poor knowledge, being male, high family income, age, weak cumulative grade point average (cGPA), mothers with primary education, an unemployed parent, students in scientific colleges and fathers who completed secondary or university degrees. Furthermore, the factors associated with stigma awareness included good knowledge, acceptable cGPA and having a father who has a low income and is illiterate. Stigma towards mental illness varies among university students across Arabic-speaking countries. There is a need to sensitize youngsters to the need for a humanitarian approach in society to individuals affected by mental health concerns. Major governmental reforms must be initiated for the provision of mental health services for individuals with mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Al Omari
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | - Moawiah Khatatbeh
- School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammad Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Mahmoud Emam
- Psychology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Iman Al Hashmi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mohammad Al Qadire
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Maen Aljezawi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | | | | | | | - Zeinab Tarhini
- CAPTuR Laboratory, Control of Cell Activation in Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance, Limoges, France
- Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Jalal Damra
- Educational Psychology and Counseling Department, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Sulaiman Al Sabei
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Nora Mohamed
- Department of Educational Psychology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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7
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Manescu EA, Henderson C, Paroiu CR, Mihai A. Mental health related stigma in Romania: systematic review and narrative synthesis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:662. [PMID: 37684591 PMCID: PMC10486137 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigma related to mental illness is increasingly and more effectively addressed. Although more research is being conducted, there is relatively little from low and middle-income countries, with former Soviet bloc countries identified as a particular contributor to this evidence gap. Romania struggles with mental health stigma at many levels. The aim of this review was to bring together all relevant data regarding stigma and discrimination related to mental illness as well as actions to address these problems in Romania in order to prioritise further stigma research and identify priority targets for stigma reduction. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in three online databases and grey literature. After the analysis of full manuscripts, four were excluded based on lack of relevance or incomplete data reporting. Quality assessment was performed for included studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the narrative was synthesized based on the research questions. RESULTS The review included fifteen studies, the majority having a cross-sectional design. Stigma related to mental illness in Romania, has an impact on help-seeking attitudes and behaviours, workplace environment and social relationships of people with mental health problems. Negative stereotypes are maintained and validated by mass media reports. Significant stigma in healthcare and mental care settings has also been observed. Self-stigma was less frequently reported than public stigma. Despite a few stigma reduction actions, no rigorous evaluation of content, delivery and effectiveness has been conducted and no empirical evidence has been published. CONCLUSIONS Based on this review, three lines of action are recommended in Romania. Increase research concerning stigma in healthcare and mental care settings and use behavioural outcomes. Develop and deliver evidence-based tailored interventions to reduce stigma in identified priority subgroups of the population and ensure rigorous evaluation and scientific dissemination. Elaborate guidelines for working with community stigma and advocate for structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Manescu
- Department of Psychiatry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Tirgu-Mures, Romania.
| | - Claire Henderson
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ciprian R Paroiu
- Department of Psychiatry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
| | - Adriana Mihai
- Department of Psychiatry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
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Sampogna G, Di Vincenzo M, Luciano M, Della Rocca B, Albert U, Carmassi C, Carrà G, Cirulli F, Dell’Osso B, Nanni MG, Pompili M, Sani G, Tortorella A, Volpe U, Fiorillo A. The effect of social media and infodemic on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the COMET multicentric trial. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1226414. [PMID: 37575576 PMCID: PMC10412935 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1226414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the status of pandemic due to the COVID-19 infection. The initial phases of the pandemic were characterized by uncertainty and public fears. In order to cope with such unexpected conditions, people adopted different coping strategies, including search for information, accessing Internet, and using social media. The present study based on the COMET collaborative research network aims to: (1) assess use of Internet and of social media among the Italian general population; (2) explore differences in web usage between people with pre-existing mental disorders and the general population; (3) identify changes over time in social media usage along the phase 1 of the pandemic; (4) identify the clinical, socio-demographic and contextual predictors of excessive use of social media. A significant increase in time spent on Internet, with an average time of 4.8 ± 0.02 h per day, was found in the global sample of 20,720 participants. Compared with the general population, Internet use was significantly higher in people with pre-existing mental disorders (5.2 ± 0.1 h vs. 4.9 ± 0.02; p < 0.005). According to the multivariate logistic regression model, the risk of excessive use of social media and Internet was significantly higher in people with moderate levels of depressive symptoms (OR: 1.26, CI 95%: 0.99 to 1.59, p < 0.0.005); while protective factors were being students (OR: 0.72, CI 95%: 0.53 to 0.96, p < 0.0029) and living in central Italy (OR: 0.46, CI 95%: 0.23 to 0.90, p < 0.002). The evaluation of social media and Internet use by the general population represents a first step for developing specific protective and supportive interventions for the general population, including practical suggestions on how to safely use Internet and social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Di Vincenzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Della Rocca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina—ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Bernardo Dell’Osso
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Maria Giulia Nanni
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Sensory Organs and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Volpe
- Clinical Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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Saputra F, Uthis P, Sukratul S. Let's put mental health problems and related issues appropriately in social media: A voice of psychiatric nurses. BELITUNG NURSING JOURNAL 2023; 9:96-99. [PMID: 37469633 PMCID: PMC10353606 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.2470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Social media is one convenient way to express ourselves. Much information is offered; most is difficult to filter and can be consumed by anyone, anywhere, anytime. However, sometimes it crosses the boundaries of someone else's life or privacy, especially when discussing sensitive issues, such as mental health problems. There are a lot of discussions about whether bringing the personal experiences of people with mental health problems to the public domain can potentially increase the community's attitudes toward them or not. Still, one thing is for sure, this kind of content has caught public attention by having more viewers. Unfortunately, it potentially brings other consequences for people with mental health problems, such as stigmatization, discrimination, and sadfishing. Therefore, this paper aims to provide the viewpoints of psychiatric nurses regarding how to address mental health-related issues and appropriately put content about mental health problems on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzan Saputra
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Faculty of Health, Technology, and Science, University of Bumi Persada, Lhokseumawe, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Penpaktr Uthis
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Sukratul
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Alathur S, Pai RR. Usefulness and barriers of adoption of social media for disability services: an empirical analysis. TRANSFORMING GOVERNMENT- PEOPLE PROCESS AND POLICY 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/tg-06-2022-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the factors that influence the adoption of social media to meet the service needs of persons with disabilities.
Design/methodology/approach
This study outlines the social media adoption model in disability services by using theories of persons with disabilities’ resistance, extreme-ableist expressions and exploit-ecological theories. A questionnaire survey is conducted among citizens who participate in disability-related activities.
Findings
The adoption of social media is influenced by disability norms, administrative and platform support. Emerging trends, such as disability politics and inclusion, are inconsequential.
Research limitations/implications
Results implicate that frequent sharing of disability rights perspectives and awareness initiatives can enhance social media platforms for disability services.
Practical implications
In regional disability services, the scope of social media is hampered by a lack of reporting capabilities and a paucity of digital content sensitive to disability.
Originality/value
The disability interest group reported less specialised services enabled by social media from developing nations. The current study addresses this research gap.
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de Anta L, Alvarez-Mon MA, Donat-Vargas C, Lara-Abelanda FJ, Pereira-Sanchez V, Gonzalez Rodriguez C, Mora F, Ortega MA, Quintero J, Alvarez-Mon M. Assessment of beliefs and attitudes about electroconvulsive therapy posted on Twitter: An observational study. Eur Psychiatry 2023; 66:e11. [PMID: 36620994 PMCID: PMC9970148 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective and safe medical procedure that mainly indicated for depression, but is also indicated for patients with other conditions. However, ECT is among the most stigmatized and controversial treatments in medicine. Our objective was to examine social media contents on Twitter related to ECT to identify and evaluate public views on the matter. METHODS We collected Twitter posts in English and Spanish mentioning ECT between January 1, 2019 and October 31, 2020. Identified tweets were subject to a mixed method quantitative-qualitative content and sentiment analysis combining manual and semi-supervised natural language processing machine-learning analyses. Such analyses identified the distribution of tweets, their public interest (retweets and likes per tweet), and sentiment for the observed different categories of Twitter users and contents. RESULTS "Healthcare providers" users produced more tweets (25%) than "people with lived experience" and their "relatives" (including family members and close friends or acquaintances) (10% combined), and were the main publishers of "medical" content (mostly related to ECT's main indications). However, more than half of the total tweets had "joke or trivializing" contents, and such had a higher like and retweet ratio. Among those tweets manifesting personal opinions on ECT, around 75% of them had a negative sentiment. CONCLUSIONS Mixed method analysis of social media contents on Twitter offers a novel perspective to examine public opinion on ECT, and our results show attitudes more negative than those reflected in studies using surveys and other traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- L de Anta
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Donat-Vargas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F J Lara-Abelanda
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento Teoria de la Señal y Comunicaciones y Sistemas Telemáticos y Computación, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28942 Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - V Pereira-Sanchez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - C Gonzalez Rodriguez
- Centro de Salud Mental Infanto Juvenil Cornellá, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Mora
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Legal and Psychiatry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Quintero
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Legal and Psychiatry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Agarwal A, Gupta PK, Singh A, Kar SK. Conceptual model of Remotely Accessed Mobile Application for Psychiatric disorder Screening (RoAdMAPS): a self-screening and referral aid for mental health in India. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2023; 8:100100. [PMID: 37384138 PMCID: PMC10305938 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
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13
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Movahedi Nia Z, Bragazzi N, Asgary A, Orbinski J, Wu J, Kong J. Mpox panic, infodemic, and stigmatization of the 2SLGBTQIAP+ community: geospatial analysis, topic modeling, and sentiment analysis of a large, multilingual social media database (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022; 25:e45108. [PMID: 37126377 DOI: 10.2196/45108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global Mpox (formerly, Monkeypox) outbreak is disproportionately affecting the gay and bisexual men having sex with men community. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to use social media to study country-level variations in topics and sentiments toward Mpox and Two-Spirit, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning, Intersex, Asexual (2SLGBTQIAP+)-related topics. Previous infectious outbreaks have shown that stigma intensifies an outbreak. This work helps health officials control fear and stop discrimination. METHODS In total, 125,424 Twitter and Facebook posts related to Mpox and the 2SLGBTQIAP+ community were extracted from May 1 to December 25, 2022, using Twitter application programming interface academic accounts and Facebook-scraper tools. The tweets' main topics were discovered using Latent Dirichlet Allocation in the sklearn library. The pysentimiento package was used to find the sentiments of English and Spanish posts, and the CamemBERT package was used to recognize the sentiments of French posts. The tweets' and Facebook posts' languages were understood using the Twitter application programming interface platform and pycld3 library, respectively. Using ArcGis Online, the hot spots of the geotagged tweets were identified. Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA, and Dunn tests were used to compare the sentiment polarity of different topics and countries. RESULTS The number of Mpox posts and the number of posts with Mpox and 2SLGBTQIAP+ keywords were 85% correlated (P<.001). Interestingly, the number of posts with Mpox and 2SLGBTQIAP+ keywords had a higher correlation with the number of Mpox cases (correlation=0.36, P<.001) than the number of posts on Mpox (correlation=0.24, P<.001). Of the 10 topics, 8 were aimed at stigmatizing the 2SLGBTQIAP+ community, 3 of which had a significantly lower sentiment score than other topics (ANOVA P<.001). The Mann-Whitney U test shows that negative sentiments have a lower intensity than neutral and positive sentiments (P<.001) and neutral sentiments have a lower intensity than positive sentiments (P<.001). In addition, English sentiments have a higher negative and lower neutral and positive intensities than Spanish and French sentiments (P<.001), and Spanish sentiments have a higher negative and lower positive intensities than French sentiments (P<.001). The hot spots of the tweets with Mpox and 2SLGBTQIAP+ keywords were recognized as the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Spain, Portugal, India, Ireland, and Italy. Canada was identified as having more tweets with negative polarity and a lower sentiment score (P<.04). CONCLUSIONS The 2SLGBTQIAP+ community is being widely stigmatized for spreading the Mpox virus on social media. This turns the community into a highly vulnerable population, widens the disparities, increases discrimination, and accelerates the spread of the virus. By identifying the hot spots and key topics of the related tweets, this work helps decision makers and health officials inform more targeted policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Movahedi Nia
- Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium, York University, North York, ON, Canada
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, North York, ON, Canada
| | - Nicola Bragazzi
- Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium, York University, North York, ON, Canada
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, North York, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Asgary
- Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium, York University, North York, ON, Canada
- Advanced Disaster, Emergency and Rapid-response Simulation, York University, North York, ON, Canada
| | - James Orbinski
- Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium, York University, North York, ON, Canada
- Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research, York University, North York, ON, Canada
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium, York University, North York, ON, Canada
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, North York, ON, Canada
| | - Jude Kong
- Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium, York University, North York, ON, Canada
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, North York, ON, Canada
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14
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Revisiting Social Stigma in Non-suicidal Self-injury: A Narrative Review. CONSORTIUM PSYCHIATRICUM 2022. [DOI: 10.17816/cp196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent in our community. Yet, there is a significant discrepancy between the number of individuals engaging in NSSI and those who seek treatment for NSSI. This discrepancy can be due to the high social stigma associated with the behavior. The impact of NSSI stigma is significant and can impair the quality of life in the individuals engaging in NSSI, delay help-seeking, reduce access to mental health care and further fuel misinformation. Even though the symptomatology, risks, and demographics of NSSI have received attention in terms of research, there is limited literature on NSSI stigma and its consequences. With that background set, this review provides a birds-eye view of the different levels of stigma in NSSI (public, self, and health care), associated discrimination, the various aspects of such stigmatization (NSSI-related language, physical scarring, misinformation, the media), and, finally, the collaborative clinical-outreach interventions for mitigating NSSI-associated social stigma. If NSSI is indeed recognized as a clinical disorder, future research would need to focus on these constructs of stigma and treat them with the same importance as the one given to clinical studies of intervention and symptomatology in NSSI.
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15
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Shoib S, Srikanth S, Javed S, Gupta AK, Swed S, Das S. Altruistic suicide among Indians during the COVID-19 pandemic - Correspondence. Int J Surg 2022; 106:106933. [PMID: 36126858 PMCID: PMC9482442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | | | - Sana Javed
- Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Soumitra Das
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Sunshine Hospital, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Sukhera J, Poleksic J, Zaheer J, Pack R. Normalising disclosure or reinforcing heroism? An exploratory critical discourse analysis of mental health stigma in medical education. MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 56:823-833. [PMID: 35246993 DOI: 10.1111/medu.14790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There has been a proliferation of initiatives targeted towards improving psychological wellbeing among medical learners. Yet many learners do not seek assistance due to stigma against help seeking. Understanding the prevailing discourses on the effects of mental health stigma in the context of medical education will improve insight on how to address stigma and improve wellbeing. In this study, the authors sought to explore discourses on stigma in medical education through a Foucauldian Critical Discourse Analysis. METHODS The authors assembled several sets of texts related to stigma in medical education. The initial archive consisted of social media discourse and was expanded to include digital news media. Next, the authors conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with medical students, residents and faculty. Using principles of Critical Discourse Analysis informed by the writings of Michel Foucault, the authors analysed the archive to identify truth statements, representative statements and discursive effects. RESULTS Analysis revealed an emancipatory discourse of disclosure that normalised help-seeking, which conflicted with a discourse of performance. Results suggested that public disclosure remains challenging in private contexts due to a medical culture that rewards perfectionism and lauds heroism. Discourses on performance positioned disclosure as disruptive to the system's need to maintain its own hegemony. Overall, stigma was perceived as rooted within the structural power of the medical education system and society at large. CONCLUSION Discourses on stigma in medical education hold implications for the teaching, learning and overall wellbeing of medical learners. The tensions between discourses on disclosure and performance have the potential to perpetuate further distress for learners and worsen asymmetries in power. Interventions to address stigma would benefit from understanding and addressing the role of power and hierarchy in maintaining and dismantling stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed Sukhera
- Department of Psychiatry, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jelena Poleksic
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juveria Zaheer
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachael Pack
- Centre for Education Research and Innovation, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Yang OK, Kim SW, Hyun J, Lee K, Paik JW, Lee YR. Structural Model Analysis of Discriminatory Behavior Toward People With Severe Mental Illness. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:480-487. [PMID: 35753687 PMCID: PMC9233951 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine how prejudice and attitude toward people with severe mental illness, formed through exposure to the mass media, affect discriminatory behavior toward them. METHODS Between September and November 2019, demographic data were collected using an online survey of 622 adults residing in South Korea. The scales used in this study were taken from the 2008 survey by the National Human Rights Commission of Korea. Structural equation modeling was performed for a comparative analysis of the direct and indirect effects. RESULTS Virtual experience through mass media exposure had a statistically significant effect on prejudice against people with severe mental illness. Direct experience had a positive influence on reducing prejudice and discriminatory behavior. The direct effects of prejudice on discriminatory behavior were significant. In terms of indirect effects, the full mediating effect of prejudice was significant for the virtual experience through the mass media-prejudice-discriminatory behavior path, and the partial mediating effect of prejudice was significant on the direct experience-prejudice-discrimination behavior path. CONCLUSION This study recommends more careful reporting of mental illness in the media, promoting anti-stigmatization programs that provide opportunities for direct contact between the public and people with severe mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Kyung Yang
- Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Hyun
- Department of Social Welfare, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - KiYeon Lee
- Korea Human Resource Development Institute for Health & Welfare, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Paik
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Nambu University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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18
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Kara UY, Şenel Kara B. Schizophrenia on Turkish Twitter: an exploratory study investigating misuse, stigmatization and trivialization. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:531-539. [PMID: 34089339 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate use and misuse of the word 'schizophrenia' and its derivatives to assess the prevalence of stigmatizing and trivializing attitudes and the meanings attributed to the condition on Turkish Twitter. METHODS Using R programming language, we collected Turkish Twitter posts containing the terms used for schizophrenia in Turkish through Twitter's Search API over a 47-day period between July and June 2019. After removing retweets, we randomly sampled 3000 tweets and manually categorized them in three dimensions: use type (metaphorical/non-metaphorical), topic and attitude. Qualitative analysis on representative tweets were performed and word frequencies were calculated. RESULTS In total 44,266 tweets were collected and after removing retweets, 24,529 tweets were obtained. Overwhelming majority of the tweets (91.7%) used the terms metaphorically and the majority displayed stigmatizing (68.3%) and trivializing (23%) attitudes. Politics was the most common topic (58.2%) followed by everyday/social chatter (28.5%). Only a small number of tweets were part of awareness campaigns (0.2%) or displayed a supportive attitude (0.8%). Terms were often used metaphorically in a stigmatizing manner as personal or political insults, while in everyday/social contexts, they were used in a trivializing manner to label eccentricity, oddness, overthinking and suspiciousness. Popularity and reach metrics show that these tweets were extensively retweeted, liked and reached millions of users. CONCLUSION This is the first study investigating attitudes towards schizophrenia on Turkish Twitter. Significantly higher rates of stigmatizing attitudes demonstrate the urgent need for public health and social awareness campaigns targeting stigma surrounding schizophrenia in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Yener Kara
- Faculty of Communication, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Başak Şenel Kara
- Psychiatry Department, Karadeniz Ereğli State Hospital, Eregli, Zonguldak, Turkey
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McLellan A, Schmidt-Waselenchuk K, Duerksen K, Woodin E. Talking back to mental health stigma: An exploration of youtube comments on anti-stigma videos. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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de Anta L, Alvarez-Mon MA, Ortega MA, Salazar C, Donat-Vargas C, Santoma-Vilaclara J, Martin-Martinez M, Lahera G, Gutierrez-Rojas L, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Quintero J, Alvarez-Mon M. Areas of Interest and Social Consideration of Antidepressants on English Tweets: A Natural Language Processing Classification Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020155. [PMID: 35207644 PMCID: PMC8879287 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Antidepressants are the foundation of the treatment of major depressive disorders. Despite the scientific evidence, there is still a sustained debate and concern about the efficacy of antidepressants, with widely differing opinions among the population about their positive and negative effects, which may condition people’s attitudes towards such treatments. Our aim is to investigate Twitter posts about antidepressants in order to have a better understanding of the social consideration of antidepressants. Methods: We gathered public tweets mentioning antidepressants written in English, published throughout a 22-month period, between 1 January 2019 and 31 October 2020. We analysed the content of each tweet, determining in the first place whether they included medical aspects or not. Those with medical content were classified into four categories: general aspects, such as quality of life or mood, sleep-related conditions, appetite/weight issues and aspects around somatic alterations. In non-medical tweets, we distinguished three categories: commercial nature (including all economic activity, drug promotion, education or outreach), help request/offer, and drug trivialization. In addition, users were arranged into three categories according to their nature: patients and relatives, caregivers, and interactions between Twitter users. Finally, we identified the most mentioned antidepressants, including the number of retweets and likes, which allowed us to measure the impact among Twitter users. Results: The activity in Twitter concerning antidepressants is mainly focused on the effects these drugs may have on certain health-related areas, specifically sleep (20.87%) and appetite/weight (8.95%). Patients and relatives are the type of user that most frequently posts tweets with medical content (65.2%, specifically 80% when referencing sleep and 78.6% in the case of appetite/weight), whereas they are responsible for only 2.9% of tweets with non-medical content. Among tweets classified as non-medical in this study, the most common subject was drug trivialization (66.86%). Caregivers barely have any presence in conversations in Twitter about antidepressants (3.5%). However, their tweets rose more interest among other users, with a ratio 11.93 times higher than those posted by patients and their friends and family. Mirtazapine is the most mentioned antidepressant in Twitter (45.43%), with a significant difference with the rest, agomelatine (11.11%). Conclusions: This study shows that Twitter users that take antidepressants, or their friends and family, use social media to share medical information about antidepressants. However, other users that do not talk about antidepressants from a personal or close experience, frequently do so in a stigmatizing manner, by trivializing them. Our study also brings to light the scarce presence of caregivers in Twitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura de Anta
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.A.); (M.M.-M.); (J.Q.)
| | - Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.A.); (M.M.-M.); (J.Q.)
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (G.L.); (M.A.-M.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (G.L.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.-M.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Cristina Salazar
- Departamento Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones y Sistemas Telemáticos y Computación, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28942 Fuenlabrada, Spain;
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | | | - Maria Martin-Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.A.); (M.M.-M.); (J.Q.)
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (G.L.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), 22807 Madrid, Spain;
- Psychiatry Service, Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), 22807 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas 12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Quintero
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (L.d.A.); (M.M.-M.); (J.Q.)
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (G.L.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, CIBEREHD, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Farsi D, Martinez-Menchaca HR, Ahmed M, Farsi N. Social Media and Health Care (Part II): Narrative Review of Social Media Use by Patients. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e30379. [PMID: 34994706 PMCID: PMC8783277 DOI: 10.2196/30379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People are now connected in a borderless web-based world. The modern public, especially the younger generation, relies heavily on the internet as the main source of health-related information. In health care, patients can use social media for more tailored uses such as telemedicine, finding a provider, and for peer support. Objective The aim of this narrative review is to discuss how social media has been used in the health care industry from the perspective of patients and describe the main issues surrounding its use in health care. Methods Between March and June 2020, a review of the literature was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for English studies that were published since 2007 and discussed the use of social media in health care. In addition to only English publications that discussed the use of social media by patients, publications pertaining to ethical and legal considerations in the use of social media were included. The studies were then categorized as health information, telemedicine, finding a health care provider, peer support and sharing experiences, and influencing positive health behavior. In addition, two more sections were added to the review: issues pertaining to social media use in health care and ethical considerations. Results Initially, 75 studies were included. As the study proceeded, more studies were included, and a total of 91 studies were reviewed, complemented by 1 textbook chapter and 13 web references. Approximately half of the studies were reviews. The first study was published in 2009, and the last was published in 2021, with more than half of the studies published in the last 5 years. The studies were mostly from the United States (n=40), followed by Europe (n=13), and the least from India (n=1). WhatsApp or WeChat was the most investigated social media platform. Conclusions Social media can be used by the public and patients to improve their health and knowledge. However, due diligence must be practiced to assess the credibility of the information obtained and its source. Health care providers, patients, and the public need not forget the risks associated with the use of social media. The limitations and shortcomings of the use of social media by patients should be understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hector R Martinez-Menchaca
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | | | - Nada Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Social Media as It Interfaces with Psychosocial Development and Mental Illness in Transitional-Age Youth. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2022; 31:11-30. [PMID: 34801149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Social media (SM) can be defined as "a group of Internet-based applications that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content." This includes formation of online communities and sharing of information, ideas, opinions, messages, images, and videos. Therefore, although all online video games would not necessarily count as SM, video games that allow for substantial sharing of information and development of online communities do fit this definition. SM has become an integral component of how people worldwide connect with friends and family, share personal content, and obtain news and entertainment. Use of SM is particularly prevalent among transitional-age youth, usually defined as individuals aged 16 to 24 years, who are at critical junctures around developmental tasks such as identity development and establishment of social norms.
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Fadda M, Sykora M, Elayan S, Puhan MA, Naslund JA, Mooney SJ, Albanese E, Morese R, Gruebner O. Ethical issues of collecting, storing, and analyzing geo-referenced tweets for mental health research. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221092539. [PMID: 35433020 PMCID: PMC9008807 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221092539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial approaches to epidemiological research with big social media data provide
tremendous opportunities to study the relationship between the socio-ecological context
where these data are generated and health indicators of interest. Such research poses a
number of ethical challenges, particularly in relation to issues such as privacy, informed
consent, data security, and storage. While these issues have received considerable
attention by researchers in relation to research for physical health purposes in the past
10 years, there have been few efforts to consider the ethical challenges of conducting
mental health research, particularly with geo-referenced social media data. The aim of
this article is to identify strengths and limitations of current recommendations to
address the specific ethical issues of geo-referenced tweets for mental health research.
We contribute to the ongoing debate on the ethical implications of big data research and
also provide recommendations to researchers and stakeholders alike on how to tackle them,
with a specific focus on the use of geo-referenced data for mental health research
purposes. With increasing awareness of data privacy and confidentiality issues (even for
non-spatial social media data) it becomes crucial to establish professional standards of
conduct so that compliance with ethical standards of conducting research with
health-related social media data can be prioritized and easily assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fadda
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Martin Sykora
- Centre for Information Management, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Suzanne Elayan
- Centre for Information Management, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Milo A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John A Naslund
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - Emiliano Albanese
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Rosalba Morese
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Gruebner
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Garg S, Taylor J, El Sherief M, Kasson E, Aledavood T, Riordan R, Kaiser N, Cavazos-Rehg P, De Choudhury M. Detecting risk level in individuals misusing fentanyl utilizing posts from an online community on Reddit. Internet Interv 2021; 26:100467. [PMID: 34804810 PMCID: PMC8581502 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2021.100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Opioid misuse is a public health crisis in the US, and misuse of synthetic opioids such as fentanyl have driven the most recent waves of opioid-related deaths. Because those who misuse fentanyl are often a hidden and high-risk group, innovative methods for identifying individuals at risk for fentanyl misuse are needed. Machine learning has been used in the past to investigate discussions surrounding substance use on Reddit, and this study leverages similar techniques to identify risky content from discussions of fentanyl on this platform. METHODS A codebook was developed by clinical domain experts with 12 categories indicative of fentanyl misuse risk, and this was used to manually label 391 Reddit posts and comments. Using this data, we built machine learning classification models to identify fentanyl risk. RESULTS Our machine learning risk model was able to detect posts or comments labeled as risky by our clinical experts with 76% accuracy and 76% sensitivity. Furthermore, we provide a vocabulary of community-specific, colloquial words for fentanyl and its analogues. DISCUSSION This study uses an interdisciplinary approach leveraging machine learning techniques and clinical domain expertise to automatically detect risky discourse, which may elicit and benefit from timely intervention. Moreover, our vocabulary of online terms for fentanyl and its analogues expands our understanding of online "street" nomenclature for opiates. Through an improved understanding of substance misuse risk factors, these findings allow for identification of risk concepts among those misusing fentanyl to inform outreach and intervention strategies tailored to this at-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Garg
- College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Jordan Taylor
- College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Mai El Sherief
- College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Erin Kasson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | | | - Raven Riordan
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Nina Kaiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Patricia Cavazos-Rehg
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
| | - Munmun De Choudhury
- College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
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Li X, English AS, Kulich SJ. Anger among Chinese migrants amid COVID-19 discrimination: The role of host news coverage, cultural distance, and national identity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259866. [PMID: 34784374 PMCID: PMC8594835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the early COVID-19 outbreak sparked xenophobia against people of Asian and Chinese background, we collected data from Chinese migrants worldwide to test how discrimination at a macro-level was perceived by the Chinese during COVID-19 globally. Specifically, we examined (1) whether/how the Chinese migrants were aware of discrimination against their co-nationals during COVID; (2) if so, whether anger was a predominant reaction of these Chinese towards certain exposure to relevant information; (3) how responses of anger transcend across the group of Chinese migrants. Integrating the ecological approach to media and cultural psychology, as well as the intergroup perspective of social psychology, we conducted a study that explored the impact of traditional media exposure to discrimination on collective anger-a process mediated by national identity among the Chinese migrants. Findings provide some evidence that geographically dispersed mono-cultural groups may share or identify with collective emotions when facing xenophobic threats in a macro context. Further examination of cultural distance (between China and the host country) among the Chinese migrants also revealed a particular interaction between host newspaper coverage and cultural distance on national identity. These findings suggest further research to examine the emotional norms of similar cultures bonded via strong collective identities in times of intergroup threat and the theoretical possibility for diasporic identity processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Li
- Intercultural Institute, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alexander S. English
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Steve J. Kulich
- Intercultural Institute, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
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Zang DF, Zhang XT, Li YL, Li TX, Xiao SY, Tebes JK, Yu Y. WeChat use among family caregivers of people living with schizophrenia and its relationship to caregiving experiences. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hsiao HY, Lai CY, Liu JW, Yu YY, Chang FCS, Huang JJ. Fate of Fat Grafting In Vivo and In Vitro: Does the Suction-Assisted Lipectomy Device Matter? Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:NP1323-NP1336. [PMID: 34043750 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, there has been increasing research interest in identifying the effect of liposuction procedures on fat graft survival in order to clarify whether different harvest techniques affect the quality of fat grafts. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2 liposuction methods on the survival and regeneration potential of grafted fat tissue. The proliferation and differentiation potentials of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated by both methods was also investigated. METHODS Fat grafts were collected from patients who underwent liposuction procedures by 2 different methods: traditional suction-assisted liposuction (TSAL) and vibration amplification of sound energy at resonance (VASER). One portion of the lipoaspirates was implanted into the subcutaneous layer of nu mice for 4 and 12 weeks. ASCs were isolated from the other portion of the lipoaspirate and subjected to proliferation and differentiation assays. RESULTS Although in vivo fat grafting presented similar adipose tissue survival for the 2 different liposuction methods, more angiogenesis and less fibrosis was observed in the VASER group based on histologic evaluation. Furthermore, VASER-derived ASCs presented better quality in terms of cell differentiation capacity. CONCLUSIONS The in vivo study confirmed better graft angiogenesis with less inflammation, apoptosis, and scar formation in the VASER group. ASCs harvested with VASER exhibited increased differentiation capacity compared with those obtained by TSAL, and represent an excellent source for fat grafting and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Hsiao
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Jia-Wei Liu
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yu
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Frank Chun-Shin Chang
- Division of Craniofacial Surgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Ju Huang
- Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Dutta R, Gkotsis G, Velupillai S, Bakolis I, Stewart R. Temporal and diurnal variation in social media posts to a suicide support forum. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:259. [PMID: 34011346 PMCID: PMC8136175 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of suicide attempts and deaths are highest on Mondays and these occur more frequently in the morning or early afternoon, suggesting weekly temporal and diurnal variation in suicidal behaviour. It is unknown whether there are similar time trends on social media, of posts relevant to suicide. We aimed to determine temporal and diurnal variation in posting patterns on the Reddit forum SuicideWatch, an online community for individuals who might be at risk of, or who know someone at risk of suicide. METHODS We used time series analysis to compare date and time stamps of 90,518 SuicideWatch posts from 1st December 2008 to 31st August 2015 to (i) 6,616,431 posts on the most commonly subscribed general subreddit, AskReddit and (ii) 66,934 of these AskReddit posts, which were posted by the SuicideWatch authors. RESULTS Mondays showed the highest proportion of posts on SuicideWatch. Clear diurnal variation was observed, with a peak in the early morning (2:00-5:00 h), and a subsequent decrease to a trough in late morning/early afternoon (11:00-14:00 h). Conversely, the highest volume of posts in the control data was between 20:00-23:00 h. CONCLUSIONS Posts on SuicideWatch occurred most frequently on Mondays: the day most associated with suicide risk. The early morning peak in SuicideWatch posts precedes the time of day during which suicide attempts and deaths most commonly occur. Further research of these weekly and diurnal rhythms should help target populations with support and suicide prevention interventions when needed most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Dutta
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, King’s College London, IoPPN, PO Box 84, 3rd Floor East Wing, Room E3.07, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - George Gkotsis
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, King’s College London, IoPPN, PO Box 84, 3rd Floor East Wing, Room E3.07, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Sumithra Velupillai
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, King’s College London, IoPPN, PO Box 84, 3rd Floor East Wing, Room E3.07, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, King’s College London, IoPPN, PO Box 84, 3rd Floor East Wing, Room E3.07, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Robert Stewart
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, King’s College London, IoPPN, PO Box 84, 3rd Floor East Wing, Room E3.07, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Min A, Miller W, Rocha LM, Börner K, Correia RB, Shih PC. Just In Time: Challenges and Opportunities of First Aid Care Information Sharing for Supporting Epileptic Seizure Response. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM ON HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION 2021; 5:113. [PMID: 34355131 PMCID: PMC8336724 DOI: 10.1145/3449187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There are over three million people living with epilepsy in the U.S. People with epilepsy experience multiple daily challenges such as seizures, social isolation, social stigma, experience of physical and emotional symptoms, medication side effects, cognitive and memory deficits, care coordination difficulties, and risks of sudden unexpected death. In this work, we report findings collected from 3 focus groups of 11 people with epilepsy and caregivers and 10 follow-up questionnaires. We found that these participants feel that most people do not know how to deal with seizures. To improve others' abilities to respond safely and appropriately to someone having seizures, people with epilepsy and caregivers would like to share and educate the public about their epilepsy conditions, reduce common misconceptions about seizures and prevent associated stigma, and get first aid help from the public when needed. Considering social stigma, we propose design implications of future technologies for effective delivery of appropriate first aid care information to bystanders around individuals with epilepsy when they experience a seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy Miller
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA
| | - Luis M Rocha
- Indiana University Bloomington, USA and Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Portugal
| | | | - Rion Brattig Correia
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Portugal, CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brazil, and Indiana University Bloomington, USA
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Yadav AK, Mangal V, Devarakonda R, Srivastava K. Perceived stigma among the patients of coronavirus disease-19 admitted at a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in Northern India: A cross-sectional study. Ind Psychiatry J 2021; 30:118-122. [PMID: 34483535 PMCID: PMC8395555 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_13_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease-related stigma started early in the pandemic with multiple media reports highlighting the discriminatory practices toward the health-care workers, patients, and survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a designated COVID -19 hospital in Delhi from 22 October 20 to 21 November 20. All patients admitted to the hospital for more than 72 h were eligible for participation in the study. Anyone without a mobile phone and not able to read was excluded from the study. The data were collected using a pretested, prevalidated questionnaire. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-two (92.4%) patients answered the questionnaire. All patients were male. A total of 54 (44.26%: 95% confidence interval [CI] 35.3-53.5) COVID-19 patients blamed themselves for getting the infection, compared to 68 (55.74% 95% CI: 46.5-64.7) patients who believed that acquiring the disease was not their fault. There was a statistically significant association between feeling ashamed and blaming themselves for COVID-19 (P = 0.046). A total of 19 (15.6%) have reported that they have been told that getting COVID-19 is your fault. CONCLUSION The stigma related to COVID - 19 needs to be tackled with multipronged strategy. In India, it is not a routine to assess mental health; however, the current pandemic has brought forward the importance of stigma and other related issues during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Yadav
- Department of Community Medicine, AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vishal Mangal
- Department of Internal Medicine, AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ravi Devarakonda
- Department of Community Medicine, AFMC, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Prescott J, Rathbone AL, Brown G. Online peer to peer support: Qualitative analysis of UK and US open mental health Facebook groups. Digit Health 2020; 6:2055207620979209. [PMID: 33354335 PMCID: PMC7734541 DOI: 10.1177/2055207620979209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This research aimed to gain further understanding of how open Facebook groups are used for online peer to peer support and identify any similarities and/or differences between UK and US groups. Method A systematic search of mental health related open Facebook groups was conducted using relevant key words. The posts from 14 UK and 11 US groups were acquired over a three month period and content thematically analysed using Nvivo. Results Findings support previous research which evidences that online peer to peer support is beneficial for users seeking mental health information. Said support can increase feelings of connectedness, reduce feelings of isolation, and provide a platform for comparison of perspectives relating to personal experiences. Group membership may offer hope and increase feelings of empowerment in those using Facebook groups as a support mechanism. There was similar discourse seen throughout both UK and US posts in regards to gender inequality, lack of awareness and stigmatisation. Conclusions The study highlights the positive impact of shared personal experiences, and offers a greater understanding of the benefits of online peer to peer support for mental health and wellbeing. There is evidence that, whilst mental health is becoming a more widely discussed topic, in both the UK and US, it remains negatively perceived. Questions are posed for group administrators and health professionals relating to their utilisation and moderation of such online peer to peer support networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Prescott
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Bolton, Bolton, UK
| | | | - Gill Brown
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Bolton, Bolton, UK
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Abstract
The aim: this study presents a Coronavirus Stigma Scale for Healthcare Providers that indicates the social stigmatisation rate and severity toward healthcare providers to a certain extent. This paper aims at raising awareness on the stigmatisation of healthcare providers who sacrifice their own lives for patients diagnosed or are at risk of being infected with COVID-19. Methods: the study uses a 12-item 5-point Likert-type Coronavirus Stigma Scale for Healthcare Providers, which was constructed based on the previously shortened and modified HIV Stigma Scale. The scale was distributed online to healthcare providers, and all the results obtained were then saved to an Excel file. Correlations were determined by using ANOVA and the independent t-test. Percentages, averages, figures and rates were calculated with SPSS. Results: the population of the study comprised 136 participants in total; 40 male and 96 female. Reliability and validity studies were conducted using Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis. The stigmatisation rate toward healthcare providers was found to be significantly high, and the stigmatisation level was found to increase significantly with increasing age (p<0.05). Conclusions: the mistreatment of stigmatised healthcare providers during a pandemic where the need for them is elevated results in adverse outcomes; therefore, anti-stigma programmes need to be developed. It would be wise to find solutions such as acknowledging the stigma and introducing anti-stigma programmes.
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Improvement for most, but not all: changes in newspaper coverage of mental illness from 2008 to 2019 in England. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2020; 29:e177. [PMID: 33148367 PMCID: PMC7681112 DOI: 10.1017/s204579602000089x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Time to Change, an anti-stigma programme in England, has worked to reduce stigma relating to mental illness in many facets of life. Newspaper reports are an important factor in shaping public attitudes towards mental illnesses, as well as working as a barometer reflecting public opinion. This study aims to assess the way that coverage of mental health topics and different mental illnesses has changed since 2008. METHOD Articles covering mental health in 18 different newspapers were retrieved using keyword searches on two randomly chosen days of each month in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2019. A content analysis approach using a structured coding framework was used to extract information from the articles. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the change in odds of each hypothesised stigmatising or anti-stigmatising element occurring in 2019 compared to 2008 and 2016 with a Wald test to assess the overall significance of year as a predictor in the model. Further logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the diagnosis that an article was about and the odds that it was stigmatising, and whether this relationship is moderated by year of publication. RESULTS A total of 6731 articles were analysed, and there was a significant increase in anti-stigmatising articles in 2019 compared to 2008 (OR 3.16 (2.60-3.84), p < 0.001) and 2016 (OR 1.40 (1.16-1.69), p < 0.001). Of the 5142 articles that specified a diagnosis, articles about schizophrenia were 6.37 times more likely to be stigmatising than articles about other diagnoses (OR 6.37 (3.05-13.29) p < 0.001), and there was evidence that the strength of this relationship significantly interacted with the year an article was published (p = 0.010). Articles about depression were significantly less likely to be stigmatising (OR 0.59 (0.69-0.85) p = 0.018) than those about other diagnoses, while there was no difference in coverage of eating disorders v. other diagnoses (OR 1.37 (0.67-2.80) p = 0.386); neither of these relationships showed an interaction with the year of publication. CONCLUSION Anti-stigma programmes should continue to work with newspapers to improve coverage of mental illness. However, interventions should consider providing specific guidance and promote awareness of rarer mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, and evaluation should examine whether reductions in stigma extend to people with all mental illness diagnoses.
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Wondwossen Fantaye A, Konkle AT. Social media representation of female genital cutting: A YouTube analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 16:1745506520949732. [PMID: 32960746 PMCID: PMC7513005 DOI: 10.1177/1745506520949732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Female genital cutting is a practice that has incited controversy and conflicting discourses across the international community. There is a need to analyze social media data on the portrayal of the practice in order to gather insights and inform strategic planning and interventions design. This study aims to explore and describe the portrayal of female genital cutting in the comments section of YouTube comment posts. METHODS This mixed-method study employs a content analysis approach with a sequential exploratory design. A total of 150 YouTube comment posts were analyzed through qualitative content analysis and quantitative descriptive content analysis on NVivo 11 and Microsoft Excel, respectively. RESULTS Salient subthemes from the qualitative component included likening female genital cutting with male genital cutting, differentiating female genital cutting from male genital cutting, branding female genital cutting as a harmful and unethical practice, branding female genital cutting as a normal tradition, contribution of religion and culture to female genital cutting, gender inequality issues, and the need for education or cultural relativism to change or cope with the practice. The quantitative component identified neutral, positive, mixed, and neutral tones; and formal, colloquial, and mixed language types; as well as targets of stigma with patterns in the themes. CONCLUSION The portrayal of female genital cutting in the YouTube comment posts revealed the range of perceptions, beliefs, and opinions of users with various stances on the practice. Study findings are useful for strategic planning and the development of interventions with informative goals. Study findings can also help to gage and evaluate the effectiveness of existing programs that aim to reduce misinformation about female genital cutting or aim to reduce stigmas surrounding the practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Tm Konkle
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Bhattacharya P, Banerjee D, Rao TS. The "Untold" Side of COVID-19: Social Stigma and Its Consequences in India. Indian J Psychol Med 2020; 42:382-386. [PMID: 33402799 PMCID: PMC7746890 DOI: 10.1177/0253717620935578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prama Bhattacharya
- Dept. of Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS), Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK), kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debanjan Banerjee
- Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ts Sathyanarayana Rao
- Dept. of Psychiatry, JSS Medical College and Hospital & JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Correia RB, Wood IB, Bollen J, Rocha LM. Mining Social Media Data for Biomedical Signals and Health-Related Behavior. Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci 2020; 3:433-458. [PMID: 32550337 PMCID: PMC7299233 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-030320-040844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Social media data have been increasingly used to study biomedical and health-related phenomena. From cohort-level discussions of a condition to population-level analyses of sentiment, social media have provided scientists with unprecedented amounts of data to study human behavior associated with a variety of health conditions and medical treatments. Here we review recent work in mining social media for biomedical, epidemiological, and social phenomena information relevant to the multilevel complexity of human health. We pay particular attention to topics where social media data analysis has shown the most progress, including pharmacovigilance and sentiment analysis, especially for mental health. We also discuss a variety of innovative uses of social media data for health-related applications as well as important limitations of social media data access and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rion Brattig Correia
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Cincia, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
- Center for Social and Biomedical Complexity, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70040 Braslia DF, Brazil
| | - Ian B Wood
- Center for Social and Biomedical Complexity, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - Johan Bollen
- Center for Social and Biomedical Complexity, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - Luis M Rocha
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Cincia, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
- Center for Social and Biomedical Complexity, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
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O'Ferrall-González C, Almenara-Barrios J, García-Carretero MÁ, Salazar-Couso A, Almenara-Abellán JL, Lagares-Franco C. Factors associated with the evolution of attitudes towards mental illness in a cohort of nursing students. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2020; 27:237-245. [PMID: 31663221 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: People with mental health difficulties have poorer physical health than the general population. The stigmatizing attitude of health professionals impacts the quality of care for these people. There is a broad background on the effectiveness of activities based on theoretical training, clinical practices or social contact to improve nursing students' attitudes towards people with mental health difficulties. There is an important need to assess whether the benefits identified in the short term are maintained in the longer term. WHAT DOES THE PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The positive evolution of attitudes towards mental illness does not last over time. Some students' attitude towards people with a mental health difficulty worsened in the final stage of their training after completing clinical practices. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: It is necessary for tutors incorporate an understanding of stigma throughout the degree training and to discuss with the students the emotional aspects experienced during the performance of clinical practices. The design of any anti-stigma intervention must include the factor of "time". ABSTRACT: Introduction The stigma of health professionals is a contributing factor to morbi-mortality among people with mental health difficulties. There is a lack of research on long-term outcomes in nursing students. Objective To identify factors associated with the evolution of stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness in a cohort of students trained in mental health. Method A prospective observational study of the impact of training in mental health care. Age, gender, stigma, level of previous familiarity with mental illness, self-education by Internet, academic performance and the place where practicums are conducted were evaluated on three occasions over 15 months. Results Academic performance, online consultation and the size or origin of the theoretical group were indicators of better attitudes. The positive evolution of attitudes does not last over time. Discussion Instability over time could be explained by students' experience in the practicum, although the time itself has been identified as a determining factor. Practical implications Further studies should be promoted in academia to assess the content of mental health training and its influence on the evolution of the stigmatizing attitude. It is also necessary to address stigma in small groups, where students with better academic results lead anti-stigma activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina O'Ferrall-González
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Research Group PAIDI CTS-391, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - José Almenara-Barrios
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotecnology and Public Health, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
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Li A, Jiao D, Liu X, Zhu T. A Comparison of the Psycholinguistic Styles of Schizophrenia-Related Stigma and Depression-Related Stigma on Social Media: Content Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e16470. [PMID: 32314969 PMCID: PMC7201321 DOI: 10.2196/16470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigma related to schizophrenia is considered to be the primary focus of antistigma campaigns. Accurate and efficient detection of stigma toward schizophrenia in mass media is essential for the development of targeted antistigma interventions at the population level. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the psycholinguistic characteristics of schizophrenia-related stigma on social media (ie, Sina Weibo, a Chinese microblogging website), and then to explore whether schizophrenia-related stigma can be distinguished from stigma toward other mental illnesses (ie, depression-related stigma) in terms of psycholinguistic style. METHODS A total of 19,224 schizophrenia- and 15,879 depression-related Weibo posts were collected and analyzed. First, a human-based content analysis was performed on collected posts to determine whether they reflected stigma or not. Second, by using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software (Simplified Chinese version), a number of psycholinguistic features were automatically extracted from each post. Third, based on selected key features, four groups of classification models were established for different purposes: (a) differentiating schizophrenia-related stigma from nonstigma, (b) differentiating a certain subcategory of schizophrenia-related stigma from other subcategories, (c) differentiating schizophrenia-related stigma from depression-related stigma, and (d) differentiating a certain subcategory of schizophrenia-related stigma from the corresponding subcategory of depression-related stigma. RESULTS In total, 26.22% of schizophrenia-related posts were labeled as stigmatizing posts. The proportion of posts indicating depression-related stigma was significantly lower than that indicating schizophrenia-related stigma (χ21=2484.64, P<.001). The classification performance of the models in the four groups ranged from .71 to .92 (F measure). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study have implications for the detection and reduction of stigma toward schizophrenia on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Psychology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Jiao
- National Computer System Engineering Research Institute of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingshao Zhu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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39
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Allen CG, Roberts M, Andersen B, Khoury MJ. Communication About Hereditary Cancers on Social Media: A Content Analysis of Tweets About Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer and Lynch Syndrome. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2020; 35:131-137. [PMID: 30506398 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Social media is increasingly being used as an information source and tool for individuals and organizations to share resources and engage in conversations about health topics. Because the public tends to learn about health topics and genetics from online social media sources, it is imperative to understand the amount, type, and quality of information being shared. We performed a retrospective analysis of tweets related to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) and Lynch syndrome (LS) between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. A total of 63,770 tweets were included in our dataset. The majority were retweets (59.9%) and users came from 744 different cities. Most tweets were considered "informational" (51.4%) and were designed to provide resources to the public. Online communities (25%), organizations (20%), and providers or researchers (15%) were among the most common contributors. Our results demonstrated that conversations were primarily focused on information and resource sharing, along with individuals discussing their personal stories and testimonials about their experiences with these HBOC and LS. Future studies could consider ways to harness Twitter to help tailor and deliver health communication campaigns and education interventions to improve the public's understanding of these complex topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin G Allen
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Megan Roberts
- The National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | | | - Muin J Khoury
- Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
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40
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Farrell SM, Kar A, Valsraj K, Mukherjee S, Kunheri B, Molodynski A, George S. Wellbeing and burnout in medical students in India; a large scale survey. Int Rev Psychiatry 2019; 31:555-562. [PMID: 31774379 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2019.1688047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Medical students in India completed an anonymous online questionnaire regarding mental health and wellbeing, including Oldenburg burnout ratings, CAGE questionnaires, and general health questionnaire (GHQ12). Out of 597 student responses, over 80% were characterised as experiencing burnout. This study highlights the need to further examine this issue, including possible causes and solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Marie Farrell
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anindya Kar
- Department of Psychiatry, Advanced Neuropsychiatry Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Koravangattu Valsraj
- Department of Psychiatry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India
| | - Shuvankar Mukherjee
- Department of Community Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Beena Kunheri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - Andrew Molodynski
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Sanju George
- Rajagiri School of Behavioural Sciences and Research, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kochi, India
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41
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O’Reilly M, Dogra N, Hughes J, Reilly P, George R, Whiteman N. Potential of social media in promoting mental health in adolescents. Health Promot Int 2019; 34:981-991. [PMID: 30060043 PMCID: PMC6904320 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/day056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of adolescent mental disorders poses significant challenges for education and healthcare systems globally. Providers are therefore keen to identify effective ways of promoting positive mental health. This aim of this qualitative study was to explore perceptions that social media might be leveraged for the purposes of mental health promotion amongst adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years. Utilizing focus groups conducted with adolescents (N = 54), educational professionals (N = 16) and mental health practitioners (N = 8). We explored their views about the value of social media for this purpose. Three themes were identified. First, social media appears to have potential to promote positive mental health. Second, adolescents frequently utilize social media and the internet to seek information about mental health. Finally, there are benefits and challenges to using social media in this way. We conclude that despite challenges of using social media and the risks, social media does offer a useful way of educating and reaching adolescents to promote mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle O’Reilly
- The Greenwood Institute of Child Health, University of Leicester, Westcotes Drive, Leicester, UK
| | - Nisha Dogra
- The Greenwood Institute of Child Health, University of Leicester, Westcotes Drive, Leicester, UK
| | - Jason Hughes
- University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Paul Reilly
- Information School, University of Sheffield, 235 Regent Court, 211 Portobello, Sheffield, UK
| | - Riya George
- Bart’s and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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42
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Li A, Jiao D, Liu X, Sun J, Zhu T. A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Responses to Live-Stream Suicides on Social Media. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2848. [PMID: 31404975 PMCID: PMC6719129 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Live-stream suicide has become an emerging public health problem in many countries. Regular users are often the first to witness and respond to such suicides, emphasizing their impact on the success of crisis intervention. In order to reduce the likelihood of suicide deaths, this paper aims to use psycholinguistic analysis methods to facilitate automatic detection of negative expressions in responses to live-stream suicides on social media. In this paper, a total of 7212 comments posted on suicide-related messages were collected and analyzed. First, a content analysis was performed to investigate the nature of each comment (negative or not). Second, the simplified Chinese version of the LIWC software was used to extract 75 psycholinguistic features from each comment. Third, based on 19 selected key features, four classification models were established to differentiate between comments with and without negative expressions. Results showed that 19.55% of 7212 comments were recognized as "making negative responses". Among the four classification models, the highest values of Precision, Recall, F-Measure, and Screening Efficacy reached 69.8%, 85.9%, 72.9%, and 47.1%, respectively. This paper confirms the need for campaigns to reduce negative responses to live-stream suicides and support the use of psycholinguistic analysis methods to improve suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Psychology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, Australia.
| | - Dongdong Jiao
- National Computer System Engineering Research Institute of China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiumo Sun
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tingshao Zhu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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43
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Stigma, the Media, and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention: Observations for Enhancing Knowledge Translation and Resisting Stigma in the Canadian Context. AIDS Behav 2019; 23:1877-1887. [PMID: 30390190 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2332-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective, though sometimes stigmatized, strategy for HIV prevention. With the goal of examining how PrEP stigma can be addressed, this study examined the media's handling of stigma related to PrEP by searching the Canadian Newsstream and Daily Xtra news databases for key terms related to PrEP. Overall, 101 media articles were thematically coded in triplicate; 36.3% of which included mentions of PrEP stigma. LGBT media sources were more likely than mainstream sources to have included content coded as relating to PrEP stigma (p = 0.02). In these articles, uncertainty regarding PrEP, and neo-liberal attitudes towards sexual responsibility were major factors associated with media discussion of PrEP stigma. We discuss the role that heuristics play in shaping lay readers perceptions and interpretation of PrEP media coverage and discuss methods for overcoming stigma using evidence-based communication strategies.
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Gonsalves PP, Hodgson ES, Michelson D, Pal S, Naslund J, Sharma R, Patel V. What are young Indians saying about mental health? A content analysis of blogs on the It's Ok To Talk website. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028244. [PMID: 31230021 PMCID: PMC6596971 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study used thematic content analysis to examine submissions to a youth mental health website, www.itsoktotalk.in, in India. SETTING We considered submissions made to the It's OK to Talk web platform during the first year of its operation (April 2017-March 2018), focusing specifically on website users based in India. PARTICIPANTS We analysed 37 submissions by 33 authors aged 19-31 years (mean age 22 years) from seven Indian cities (New Delhi, Lucknow, Bengaluru, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad and Haryana). Eligible submissions were English-language first-person accounts of self-identified mental health problems, submitted in any media format for online publication by authors aged 18 years or older and who were based in India. Eight study participants were additionally involved in a focus group who contributed to the coding process and preparation of the final manuscript. RESULTS Four themes were identified: (1) living through difficulties; (2) mental health in context; (3) managing one's mental health and (4) breaking stigma and sharing hope. Overall, the participants expressed significant feelings of distress and hopelessness as a result of their mental health problems; many described the context of their difficulties as resulting from personal histories or wider societal factors; a general lack of understanding about mental health; and widespread stigma and other negative attitudes. Most participants expressed a desire to overcome mental health prejudice and discrimination. CONCLUSIONS Personal narratives offer a window into young people's self-identified priorities and challenges related to mental health problems and recovery. Such insights can inform antistigma initiatives and other public awareness activities around youth mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John Naslund
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Vikram Patel
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ganesan A, Kashima Y, Kiat JE, Dar-Nimrod I. Transmission of disorder and etiological information: Effects on health knowledge recollection and health-related cognition. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218703. [PMID: 31226156 PMCID: PMC6588244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biased transmission of health knowledge has far-reaching effects on information reproduction and health-related cognitions. We examined whether transmissions of different types of disorder and etiological information influence recollections of health knowledge and evaluations of patients, by simulating the digital transmission of information. Transmission chains of four non-interacting persons (i.e., four generations) were formed. The first generation read three vignettes describing fictitious patients with one of three disorders (physiological, psychological, culture-bound) uniquely paired with one of three etiologies (genetic, environmental, unknown etiology). Next, they evaluated patients’ well-being, rated desired social distance, and recalled the vignettes. These written recollections replaced the original vignettes for a second-generation of participants, whose recollections were used for the third generation and so on. The framing of disorders affected recollections of etiology, in which culture-bound framings resulted in the poorest recall of etiologies. Participants also perceived the culture-bound disorder as the least serious but desired the most social distance from patients diagnosed with it, when compared to other disorders. The study showed that health information is selectively attended to and reproduced, possibly affected by perceived self-relevance. Faulty recollections and framing of disorders affect health cognitions, potentially instigating biased transmission of disorder- and patient-related narratives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Ganesan
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yoshihisa Kashima
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Emmanuel Kiat
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ilan Dar-Nimrod
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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46
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47
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Hoffner CA, Cohen EL. Mental Health-Related Outcomes of Robin Williams' Death: The Role of Parasocial Relations and Media Exposure in Stigma, Help-Seeking, and Outreach. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2018; 33:1573-1582. [PMID: 29048251 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2017.1384348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study explores responses to the death of actor/comedian Robin Williams, focusing on the role of celebrity attachment and exposure to media coverage following his suicide. A total of 350 respondents recruited on Mechanical Turk completed an online survey. Participants who had a stronger parasocial relationship with Williams reported lower social distance from people with depression, greater willingness to seek treatment for depression, and more frequent outreach to other people with depression or suicidal thoughts following his death. Exposure to media coverage of suicide/depression - both informational and stigmatizing - was associated with more frequent outreach to others, but only informational coverage was related to greater willingness to seek treatment. Stigmatizing media exposure was related to greater depression stereotypes. Seeing more media stories celebrating Williams' life and career was associated with reduced depression stigma but also with less willingness to seek treatment for depression and less outreach to others. Implications of the findings for media and mental health are discussed.
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48
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Martini T, Czepielewski LS, Baldez DP, Gliddon E, Kieling C, Berk L, Berk M, Kauer-Sant’Anna M. Mental health information online: what we have learned from social media metrics in BuzzFeed’s Mental Health Week. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2018; 40:326-336. [DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Introduction The Internet has seen rapid growth in the number of websites focusing on mental health content. Considering the increased need for access to accurate information about mental health treatment, it is important to understand the promotion of this information online. Objective To analyze BuzzFeed’s Mental Health Week (BFMHW) interactions on its own website and in related social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter and YouTube) using metrics of information delivery in mental health topics. Methods We extracted social media metrics from the 20 posts with the highest number of BuzzFeed interactions on the BFMHW website and from 41 videos available on the BFMHW playlist created by the BuzzFeed Video profile on YouTube. We analyzed the format and content used in BuzzFeed’s publishing methods as well as the following social media metrics: exposure (presence online, views and time online), influence (likes) and engagement (comments, shares, replies and BuzzFeed interactions). Results Analysis of the variables revealed that audience engagement is associated with the number of medias in which the content is published: views on YouTube and shares on Facebook (0.71, p<0.001), total interactions on Facebook (0.66, p<0.001) and BuzzFeed number of total interactions (0.56, p<0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest that videos on YouTube may be an important information channel, including activity and engagement on other medias such as Facebook. Information may be more effective in reaching the audience if it is delivered in more than one media and includes personal experiences, some humor in content and detailed information about treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emma Gliddon
- Deakin University, Australia; University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Australia
| | | | - Lesley Berk
- Deakin University, Australia; University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, Australia; University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia
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Rim SJ, Jang H, Park S. Psychometric Properties of the Korean Translation of the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Stigma Questionnaire. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2018; 29:122-128. [PMID: 32595304 PMCID: PMC7289458 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.170038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Stigma Questionnaire (ASQ) and the effect of the source of information about mental health on ADHD stigma. Methods: The Korean translation of the ASQ was prepared, and 673 participants, 20–64 years of age, completed the questionnaire using an online panel survey in South Korea. The participants also completed questionnaires detailing sociodemographic variables and the source of their mental health knowledge. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to explore the internal consistency of the ASQ. Factor analysis using Varimax rotation was conducted to investigate the structure of the ASQ. Results: The 26-item ASQ demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.940). Factor analysis supported a threefactor structure, including Concerns with Public Attitudes, Negative Self-Image, and Disclosure Concerns. There were no significant differences in the total ASQ scores according to sociodemographic characteristics. Participants who reported the internet as their major source of information about mental health showed higher ASQ scores compared to those who used other sources for mental health information. Conclusion: The Korean translation of the ASQ has acceptable psychometric properties among Korean adults. Inaccurate information from the internet could increase the stigma toward ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Rim
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyesue Jang
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Jiang K, Feng S, Song Q, Calix RA, Gupta M, Bernard GR. Identifying tweets of personal health experience through word embedding and LSTM neural network. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19:210. [PMID: 29897323 PMCID: PMC5998756 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-018-2198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As Twitter has become an active data source for health surveillance research, it is important that efficient and effective methods are developed to identify tweets related to personal health experience. Conventional classification algorithms rely on features engineered by human domain experts, and engineering such features is a challenging task and requires much human intelligence. The resultant features may not be optimal for the classification problem, and can make it challenging for conventional classifiers to correctly predict personal experience tweets (PETs) due to the various ways to express and/or describe personal experience in tweets. In this study, we developed a method that combines word embedding and long short-term memory (LSTM) model without the need to engineer any specific features. Through word embedding, tweet texts were represented as dense vectors which in turn were fed to the LSTM neural network as sequences. RESULTS Statistical analyses of the results of 10-fold cross-validations of our method and conventional methods indicate that there exist significant differences (p < 0.01) in performance measures of accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC/AUC, demonstrating that our approach outperforms the conventional methods in identifying PETs. CONCLUSION We presented an efficient and effective method of identifying health-related personal experience tweets by combining word embedding and an LSTM neural network. It is conceivable that our method can help accelerate and scale up analyzing textual data of social media for health surveillance purposes, because of no need for the laborious and costly process of engineering features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Jiang
- Department of Computer Information Technology and Graphics, Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, IN USA
| | - Shichao Feng
- Department of Computer Information Technology and Graphics, Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, IN USA
| | - Qunhao Song
- Department of Computer Information Technology and Graphics, Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, IN USA
| | - Ricardo A. Calix
- Department of Computer Information Technology and Graphics, Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, IN USA
| | - Matrika Gupta
- Department of Computer Information Technology and Graphics, Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, IN USA
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