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Prola A, Pilot-Storck F. Cardiolipin Alterations during Obesity: Exploring Therapeutic Opportunities. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1638. [PMID: 36358339 PMCID: PMC9687765 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipin is a specific phospholipid of the mitochondrial inner membrane that participates in many aspects of its organization and function, hence promoting proper mitochondrial ATP production. Here, we review recent data that have investigated alterations of cardiolipin in different tissues in the context of obesity and the related metabolic syndrome. Data relating perturbations of cardiolipin content or composition are accumulating and suggest their involvement in mitochondrial dysfunction in tissues from obese patients. Conversely, cardiolipin modulation is a promising field of investigation in a search for strategies for obesity management. Several ways to restore cardiolipin content, composition or integrity are emerging and may contribute to the improvement of mitochondrial function in tissues facing excessive fat storage. Inversely, reduction of mitochondrial efficiency in a controlled way may increase energy expenditure and help fight against obesity and in this perspective, several options aim at targeting cardiolipin to achieve a mild reduction of mitochondrial coupling. Far from being just a victim of the deleterious consequences of obesity, cardiolipin may ultimately prove to be a possible weapon to fight against obesity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Prola
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fanny Pilot-Storck
- Team Relaix, INSERM, IMRB, Université Paris-Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
- EnvA, IMRB, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
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2
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Diets Rich in Olive Oil, Palm Oil, or Lard Alter Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Mitochondrial Membrane Composition in Rat Liver. Biochem Res Int 2022; 2022:9394356. [PMID: 35237451 PMCID: PMC8885195 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9394356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Palm oil (crude or refined) and lard are rich in SFA, while olive oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. SFA are considered harmful to health, while polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial to health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of diets rich in crude PO, refined PO, OO, or lard on the mitochondrial membrane, the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, and mitochondrial biogenesis. This was an experimental study in male Wistar rats fed a diet containing 30% of each oil. Rats had free access to food and water. After being fed for 12 weeks, animals were sacrificed and liver mitochondria were collected. This collection was used to determine membrane potential and ROS production, membrane phospholipid and fatty acid composition, citrate synthase activity and respiratory chain complex, cardiolipin synthase protein expression, and expression of selected genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. We found that diets rich in olive oil, palm oil, or lard altered mitochondrial biogenesis by significantly decreasing Pgc1α gene expression and altered the fatty acid composition of rat liver mitochondrial membrane PL.
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Jin R, Hao J, Yi Y, Yin D, Hua Y, Li X, Bao H, Han X, Egilmez NK, Sauter ER, Li B. Dietary Fats High in Linoleic Acids Impair Antitumor T-cell Responses by Inducing E-FABP-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5296-5310. [PMID: 34400394 PMCID: PMC8530923 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The most recent American Dietary Guidelines (2020-2025) recommend shifting dietary fats from solid saturated fats to unsaturated oils. Dietary oils contain different compositions of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA) are the most common UFA in dietary oils. How individual UFA in oils regulate immune cell function and cancer risk remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that high-fat diets (HFD) rich either in OA or LA induced a similar degree of murine obesity, but the LA-rich HFD specifically promoted mammary tumor growth. LA impaired antitumor T-cell responses by promoting naïve T-cell apoptosis and inhibiting TNFα production. While exogenous OA and LA were taken up by T cells with similar efficacy, only LA induced significant mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation. Importantly, naïve T cells predominantly expressed epidermal fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP), which is central in facilitating LA mitochondrial transport and cardiolipin incorporation. Genetic depletion of E-FABP rescued LA-impaired T-cell responses and suppressed LA-rich HFD-associated mammary tumor growth. Collectively, these data suggest that dietary oils high in LA promote mammary tumors by inducing E-FABP-mediated T-cell dysfunction. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest that modulation of dietary oil composition and inhibition of E-FABP activity may represent novel strategies to enhance T-cell function in the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Hao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Yanmei Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Di Yin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Hua
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Hanmei Bao
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nejat K Egilmez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | | | - Bing Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.
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Laudicella VA, Beveridge C, Carboni S, Franco SC, Doherty MK, Long N, Mitchell E, Stanley MS, Whitfield PD, Hughes AD. Lipidomics analysis of juveniles' blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L. 1758), a key economic and ecological species. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0223031. [PMID: 32084137 PMCID: PMC7034892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L. 1758) are important components of coastal ecosystems and in the economy of rural and coastal areas. The understanding of their physiological processes at key life stages is important both within food production systems and in the management of wild populations. Lipids are crucial molecules for bivalve growth, but their diversity and roles have not been fully characterised. In this study, traditional lipid profiling techniques, such as fatty acid (FA) and lipid class analysis, are combined to untargeted lipidomics to elucidate the lipid metabolism in newly settled spat fed on a range of diets. The evaluated diets included single strains treatments (Cylindrotheca fusiformis CCAP 1017/2 -CYL, Isochrysis galbana CCAP 927/1- ISO, Monodopsis subterranean CCAP 848/1 -MONO, Nannochloropsis oceanica CCAP 849/10- NANNO) and a commercial algae paste (SP). Spat growth was influenced by the diets, which, according to their efficacy were ranked as follows: ISO>NANNO/CYL>SP>MONO. A higher triacylglycerols (TG) content, ranging from 4.23±0.82 μg mgashfree Dry weight (DW)-1 at the beginning of the trial (T0) to 51±15.3 μg mgashfreeDW-1 in ISO, characterised significant growth in the spat, whereas, a reduction of TG (0.3±0.08 μg mgashfreeDW-1 in MONO), mono unsaturated FA-MUFA (from 8.52±1.02 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 at T0 to 2.81±1.02 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 in MONO) and polyunsaturated FA-PUFA (from 17.57±2.24 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 at T0 to 6.19±2.49 μg mgFAashfreeDW-1 in MONO) content characterised poor performing groups. Untargeted lipidomics evidenced how the availability of dietary essential PUFA did not influence only neutral lipids but also the membrane lipids, with changes in lipid molecular species in relation to the essential PUFA provided via the diet. Such changes have the potential to affect spat production cycle and their ability to respond to the surrounding environment. This study evidenced the advantages of coupling different lipid analysis techniques, as each technique disclosed relevant information on nutritional requirements of M. edulis juveniles, expanding the existing knowledge on the physiology of this important species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Beveridge
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Carboni
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia C. Franco
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - Mary K. Doherty
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Sciences, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Long
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Mitchell
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - Michele S. Stanley
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip D. Whitfield
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Sciences, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Adam D. Hughes
- Scottish Association for Marine Sciences, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, United Kingdom
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Marchioro L, Geraghty AA, Uhl O, Shokry E, O'Brien EC, Koletzko B, McAuliffe FM. Effect of a low glycaemic index diet during pregnancy on maternal and cord blood metabolomic profiles: results from the ROLO randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:59. [PMID: 31467584 PMCID: PMC6712779 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0378-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated post-prandial blood glucose during pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes, such as maternal gestational diabetes and excessive foetal growth. The ROLO Study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effect of a low glycaemic index (GI) diet in pregnancy to prevent foetal macrosomia (birth weight > 4000 g). We described the impact of a low-GI diet on the maternal and feto-placental unit metabolism by studying how the ROLO intervention affected maternal and cord blood metabolomes. Methods Fasting maternal plasma samples pre- and post-intervention of 51 pregnant women and 132 cord blood samples were measured with a targeted metabolomics approach using liquid-chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The differences between RCT groups were explored via multivariate models with covariates correction. Significance was set at Bonferroni-corrected level of 0.05. Results A total of 262 metabolites species, sums and ratios were investigated. While no metabolite reached statistical significance after Bonferroni correction, many maternal phospholipids and acylcarnitines were elevated in the intervention group at uncorrected 0.05 alpha level. Most species contained saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid chains with 16 or 18 carbon atoms. In cord blood, no differences were identified between RCT groups. Conclusions A low-GI diet in pregnancy was associated with a trend to modest but consistent changes in maternal lipid and fatty acid metabolism. The intervention seemed not to affect foetal metabolism. Our exploratory findings may be used to direct further investigations about low GI diets before and during pregnancy, to improve patient care for pre-conceptional and pregnant women with lipid dysregulations and potentially modulate the offspring's risk for future metabolic diseases. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN54392969.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Marchioro
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Aisling A Geraghty
- 2UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Olaf Uhl
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Engy Shokry
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Eileen C O'Brien
- 2UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Fionnuala M McAuliffe
- 2UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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20-Week follow-up of hepatic steatosis installation and liver mitochondrial structure and activity and their interrelation in rats fed a high-fat-high-fructose diet. Br J Nutr 2019; 119:368-380. [PMID: 29498345 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517003713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity and its metabolic complications are rapidly increasing and become a major public health issue. This trend is associated with an increase in the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), insulin resistance and diabetes. The sequence of events leading to NAFLD progression and mitochondrial dysfunction and their interrelation remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the installation and progression of NAFLD and its association with the liver mitochondrial structure and activity changes in rats fed an obesogenic diet up to 20 weeks. Male Wistar rats were fed either a standard or high-fat-high-fructose (HFHFR) diet and killed on 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks of diet intake. Rats fed the HFHFR diet developed mildly overweight, associated with increased adipose tissue weight, hepatic steatosis, hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia after 8 weeks of HFHFR diet. Hepatic steatosis and many biochemical modifications plateaued at 8-12 weeks of HFHFR diet with slight amelioration afterwards. Interestingly, several biochemical and physiological parameters of mitochondrial function, as well as its phospholipid composition, in particular cardiolipin content, were tightly related to hepatic steatosis installation. These results showed once again the interrelation between hepatic steatosis development and mitochondrial activity alterations without being able to say whether the mitochondrial alterations preceded or followed the installation/progression of hepatic steatosis. Because both hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial alterations occurred as early as 4 weeks of diet, future studies should consider these four 1st weeks to reveal the exact interconnection between these major consequences of obesogenic diet intake.
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7
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Gathungu RM, Larrea P, Sniatynski MJ, Marur VR, Bowden JA, Koelmel JP, Starke-Reed P, Hubbard VS, Kristal BS. Optimization of Electrospray Ionization Source Parameters for Lipidomics To Reduce Misannotation of In-Source Fragments as Precursor Ions. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13523-13532. [PMID: 30265528 PMCID: PMC6297073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipidomics requires the accurate annotation of lipids in complex samples to enable determination of their biological relevance. We demonstrate that unintentional in-source fragmentation (ISF, common in lipidomics) generates ions that have identical masses to other lipids. Lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), for example, generate in-source fragments with the same mass as free fatty acids and lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE). The misannotation of in-source fragments as true lipids is particularly insidious in complex matrixes since most masses are initially unannotated and comprehensive lipid standards are unavailable. Indeed, we show such LPE/LPC misannotations are incorporated in the data submitted to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) interlaboratory comparison exercise. Computer simulations exhaustively identified potential misannotations. The selection of in-source fragments of highly abundant lipids as features, instead of the correct recognition of trace lipids, can potentially lead to (i) missing the biologically relevant lipids (i.e., a false negative) and/or (ii) incorrect assignation of a phenotype to an incorrect lipid (i.e., false positive). When ISF is not eliminated in the negative ion mode, ∼40% of the 100 most abundant masses corresponding to unique phospholipids measured in plasma were artifacts from ISF. We show that chromatographic separation and ion intensity considerations assist in distinguishing precursor ions from in-source fragments, suggesting ISF may be especially problematic when complex samples are analyzed via shotgun lipidomics. We also conduct a systematic evaluation of electrospray ionization (ESI) source parameters on an Exactive equipped with a heated electrospray ionization (HESI-II) source with the objective of obtaining uniformly appropriate source conditions for a wide range of lipids, while, at the same time, reducing in-source fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose M. Gathungu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Pablo Larrea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Matthew J. Sniatynski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Vasant R. Marur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - John A. Bowden
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412
| | - Jeremy P. Koelmel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Pamela Starke-Reed
- Deputy Director, NIH Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Van S. Hubbard
- Director, NIH Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Bruce S. Kristal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Dietary fat and fiber interactively modulate apoptosis and mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles in mouse colon in a site-specific manner. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 26:301-308. [PMID: 27167153 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated that the combination of bioactive components generated by fish oil (containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) and fermentable fiber (leading to butyrate production) act coordinately to protect against colon cancer. This is, in part, the result of an enhancement of apoptosis at the base of the crypt across all stages (initiation, promotion, and progression) of colon tumorigenesis. As mitochondria are key organelles capable of regulating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and mediating programmed cell death, we investigated the effects of diet on mitochondrial function by measuring mucosal cardiolipin composition, mitochondrial respiratory parameters, and apoptosis in isolated crypts from the proximal and distal colon. C57BL/6 mice (n=15/treatment) were fed one of two dietary fats (corn oil and fish oil) and two fibers (pectin and cellulose) for 4 weeks in a 2×2 factorial design. In general, diet modulated apoptosis and the mucosal bioenergetic profiles in a site-specific manner. The fish/pectin diet promoted a more proapoptotic phenotype - for example, increased proton leak (Pinteraction=0.002) - compared with corn/cellulose (control) only in the proximal colon. With respect to the composition of cardiolipin, a unique phospholipid localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane where it mediates energy metabolism, fish oil feeding indirectly influenced its molecular species with a combined carbon number of C68 or greater, suggesting compensatory regulation. These data indicate that dietary fat and fiber can interactively modulate the mitochondrial metabolic profile and thereby potentially modulate apoptosis and subsequent colon cancer risk.
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9
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Liu X, Xu G. Recent advances in using mass spectrometry for mitochondrial metabolomics and lipidomics - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 1037:3-12. [PMID: 30292306 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics and lipidomics generally targets a huge number of intermediate and end products of cellular metabolism in body fluids, tissues, and cells etc. At present, mass spectrometry (MS) based metabolic or lipid profiling of routine biological specimens including the whole cells, tissues, plasma, serum and urine etc., can cover hundreds of metabolites or lipid species in one analysis, which has qualified deep elucidation of global metabolic and lipid networks. Mitochondria are important intracellular organelles and many critical biochemical reactions occur here, they provide building block for new cells, control redox balance, participate in apoptosis and behave as a signalling platform. Evidence suggests high prevalence of mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in a variety of cancers and other diseases, thus there is an urgent demand for investigating and clarifying mitochondrial metabolic and lipid alterations induced by diseases. Nevertheless, mitochondria contribute a small fraction to cellular contents, profiling of whole cell is probably unsuitable for monitoring alterations in mitochondria. Therefore, metabolomics and lipidomics analyses specially for mitochondria are necessary to understand disturbed metabolic and lipid pathways induced by environment and diseases. However, methods for comprehensively profiling metabolites and lipids in mitochondria have been limited at present. This review summarizes the current states and progress of MS-based mitochondrial metabolomics and lipidomics study. Details of mitochondrial isolation procedure, analytical methods and their applications are described. The challenges and opportunities are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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10
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Kieffer DA, Medici V. Wilson disease: At the crossroads between genetics and epigenetics-A review of the evidence. LIVER RESEARCH 2017; 1:121-130. [PMID: 29270329 PMCID: PMC5734098 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, including diet, exercise, stress, and toxins, profoundly impact disease phenotypes. This review examines how Wilson disease (WD), an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is influenced by genetic and environmental inputs. WD is caused by mutations in the copper-transporter gene ATP7B, leading to the accumulation of copper in the liver and brain, resulting in hepatic, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms. These symptoms range in severity and can first appear anytime between early childhood and old age. Over 300 disease-causing mutations in ATP7B have been identified, but attempts to link genotype to the phenotypic presentation have yielded little insight, prompting investigators to identify alternative mechanisms, such as epigenetics, to explain the highly varied clinical presentation. Further, WD is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in mitochondria, potentially altering the production of metabolites that are required for epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Notably, environmental exposure affects the regulation of gene expression and mitochondrial function. We present the "multi-hit" hypothesis of WD progression, which posits that the initial hit is an environmental factor that affects fetal gene expression and epigenetic mechanisms and subsequent "hits" are environmental exposures that occur in the offspring after birth. These environmental hits and subsequent changes in epigenetic regulation may impact copper accumulation and ultimately WD phenotype. Lifestyle changes, including diet, increased physical activity, stress reduction, and toxin avoidance, might influence the presentation and course of WD, and therefore may serve as potential adjunctive or replacement therapies.
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11
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Musatov A, Sedlák E. Role of cardiolipin in stability of integral membrane proteins. Biochimie 2017; 142:102-111. [PMID: 28842204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a unique phospholipid with a dimeric structure having four acyl chains and two phosphate groups found almost exclusively in certain membranes of bacteria and of mitochondria of eukaryotes. CL interacts with numerous proteins and has been implicated in function and stabilization of several integral membrane proteins (IMPs). While both functional and stabilization roles of CL in IMPs has been generally acknowledged, there are, in fact, only limited number of quantitative analysis that support this function of CL. This is likely caused by relatively complex determination of parameters characterizing stability of IMPs and particularly intricate assessment of role of specific phospholipids such as CL in IMPs stability. This review aims to summarize quantitative findings regarding stabilization role of CL in IMPs reported up to now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Musatov
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Erik Sedlák
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, P.J. Šafárik University, Jesenná 5, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia.
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12
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Campbell GJ, Senior AM, Bell-Anderson KS. Metabolic Effects of High Glycaemic Index Diets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Feeding Studies in Mice and Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:E646. [PMID: 28640233 PMCID: PMC5537766 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Low glycaemic index (LGI) diets are often reported to benefit metabolic health, but the mechanism(s) responsible are not clear. This review aimed to systematically identify studies investigating metabolic effects of high glycaemic index (HGI) versus LGI diets in mice and rats. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate an overall effect size, Hedge's standardised mean differences (hereafter d), for each trait, with moderator variables considered in subsequent meta-regressions. Across 30 articles, a HGI diet increased five of the seven traits examined: body weight (d = 0.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.79), fat mass (d = 1.08; 0.67, 1.49), fasting circulating insulin levels (d = 0.40; 0.09, 0.71), and glucose (d = 0.80; 0.35, 1.25) and insulin (d = 1.14; 0.50, 1.77) area under the curve during a glucose tolerance test. However, there was substantial heterogeneity among the effects for all traits and the small number of studies enabled only limited investigation of possible confounding factors. HGI diets favour body weight gain, increased adiposity and detrimentally affect parameters of glucose homeostasis in mice and rats, but these effects may not be a direct result of GI per se; rather they may be due to variation in other dietary constituents, such as dietary fibre, a factor which is known to reduce the GI of food and promote health via GI-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace J Campbell
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Kim S Bell-Anderson
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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13
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Bradley RM, Stark KD, Duncan RE. Influence of tissue, diet, and enzymatic remodeling on cardiolipin fatty acyl profile. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1804-18. [PMID: 27061349 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin is a specialized phospholipid found primarily in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Because of its unique dimeric structure, cardiolipin plays an important role in mitochondrial function, stability, and membrane fluidity. As such, cardiolipin is subject to a high degree of remodeling by phospholipases, acyltransferases, and transacylases that create a fatty acyl profile that tends to be highly tissue-specific. Despite this overarching regulation, the molecular species of cardiolipin produced are also influenced by dietary lipid composition. A number of studies have characterized the tissue-specific profile of cardiolipin species and have investigated the specific nature of cardiolipin remodeling, including the role of both enzymes and diet. The aim of this review is to highlight tissue specific differences in cardiolipin composition and, collectively, the enzymatic and dietary factors that contribute to these differences. Consequences of aberrant cardiolipin fatty acyl remodeling are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Bradley
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ken D Stark
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin E Duncan
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Barrera G, Gentile F, Pizzimenti S, Canuto RA, Daga M, Arcaro A, Cetrangolo GP, Lepore A, Ferretti C, Dianzani C, Muzio G. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Spotlight on Fatty Acid Oxidation and Lipoperoxidation Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:antiox5010007. [PMID: 26907355 PMCID: PMC4808756 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In several human diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced mainly by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, is increased. In cancer cells, the increase of ROS production has been associated with mtDNA mutations that, in turn, seem to be functional in the alterations of the bioenergetics and the biosynthetic state of cancer cells. Moreover, ROS overproduction can enhance the peroxidation of fatty acids in mitochondrial membranes. In particular, the peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin leads to the formation of reactive aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA), which are able to react with proteins and DNA. Covalent modifications of mitochondrial proteins by the products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the course of oxidative cell stress are involved in the mitochondrial dysfunctions observed in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Such modifications appear to affect negatively mitochondrial integrity and function, in particular energy metabolism, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, antioxidant defenses and stress responses. In neurodegenerative diseases, indirect confirmation for the pathogenetic relevance of LPO-dependent modifications of mitochondrial proteins comes from the disease phenotypes associated with their genetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Barrera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Gentile
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università del Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Rosa Angela Canuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Martina Daga
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Alessia Arcaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università del Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Paolo Cetrangolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "V. Tiberio", Università del Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
| | - Alessio Lepore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Carlo Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Giuliana Muzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
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15
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Fat Quality Influences the Obesogenic Effect of High Fat Diets. Nutrients 2015; 7:9475-91. [PMID: 26580650 PMCID: PMC4663608 DOI: 10.3390/nu7115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High fat and/or carbohydrate intake are associated with an elevated risk for obesity and chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The harmful effects of a high fat diet could be different, depending on dietary fat quality. In fact, high fat diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids are considered less deleterious for human health than those rich in saturated fat. In our previous studies, we have shown that rats fed a high fat diet developed obesity and exhibited a decrease in oxidative capacity and an increase in oxidative stress in liver mitochondria. To investigate whether polyunsaturated fats could attenuate the above deleterious effects of high fat diets, energy balance and body composition were assessed after two weeks in rats fed isocaloric amounts of a high-fat diet (58.2% by energy) rich either in lard or safflower/linseed oil. Hepatic functionality, plasma parameters, and oxidative status were also measured. The results show that feeding on safflower/linseed oil diet attenuates the obesogenic effect of high fat diets and ameliorates the blood lipid profile. Conversely, hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress appear to be negatively affected by a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids.
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16
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Enzymatic measurement of phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in cultured cells and mitochondria. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11737. [PMID: 26122953 PMCID: PMC4485230 DOI: 10.1038/srep11737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and cardiolipin (CL) are synthesized in mitochondria and regulate numerous biological functions. In this study, a novel fluorometric method was developed for measuring PG and CL using combinations of specific enzymes and Amplex Red. This assay quantified the sum of PG and CL (PG + CL) regardless of the species of fatty acyl chain. The calibration curve for PG + CL measurement was linear, and the detection limit was 1 μM (10 pmol in the reaction mixture). This new method was applied to the determinations of PG + CL content in HEK293 cells and CL content in purified mitochondria, because the mitochondrial content of PG is negligible compared with that of CL. We demonstrated that the PG+CL content was greater at low cell density than at high cell density. The overexpression of phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase 1 (PGS1) increased the cellular contents of PG + CL and phosphatidylcholine (PC), and reduced that of phosphatidic acid. PGS1 overexpression also elevated the mitochondrial contents of CL and PC, but had no effect on the number of mitochondria per cell. In addition to the enzymatic measurements of other phospholipids, this simple, sensitive and high-throughput assay for measuring PG + CL can be used to understand cellular, physiological and pathological processes.
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17
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Fouret G, Tolika E, Lecomte J, Bonafos B, Aoun M, Murphy MP, Ferreri C, Chatgilialoglu C, Dubreucq E, Coudray C, Feillet-Coudray C. The mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, MitoQ, increases liver mitochondrial cardiolipin content in obesogenic diet-fed rats. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:1025-35. [PMID: 26028302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL), a unique mitochondrial phospholipid, plays a key role in several processes of mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as in mitochondrial membrane stability and dynamics. The present study was designed to determine the effect of MitoQ, a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, on the content of liver mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, in particular CL, and its fatty acid composition in obesogenic diet-fed rats. To do this, twenty-four 6week old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups of 8 animals and fed for 8weeks with either a control diet, a high fat diet (HF), or a HF diet with MitoQ (HF+MitoQ). Phospholipid classes and fatty acid composition were assayed by chromatographic methods in liver and liver mitochondria. Mitochondrial bioenergetic function was also evaluated. While MitoQ had no or slight effects on total liver fatty acid composition and phospholipid classes and their fatty acid composition, it had major effects on liver mitochondrial phospholipids and mitochondrial function. Indeed, MitoQ both increased CL synthase gene expression and CL content of liver mitochondria and increased 18:2n-6 (linoleic acid) content of mitochondrial phospholipids by comparison to the HF diet. Moreover, mitochondrial CL content was positively correlated to mitochondrial membrane fluidity, membrane potential and respiration, as well as to ATP synthase activity, while it was negatively correlated to mitochondrial ROS production. These findings suggest that MitoQ may decrease pathogenic alterations to CL content and profiles, thereby preserving mitochondrial function and attenuating the development of some of the features of metabolic syndrome in obesogenic diet-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Fouret
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Béatrice Bonafos
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | | | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Center of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou Street, 15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Eric Dubreucq
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR IATE, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Coudray
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Feillet-Coudray
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
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18
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Lu YW, Claypool SM. Disorders of phospholipid metabolism: an emerging class of mitochondrial disease due to defects in nuclear genes. Front Genet 2015; 6:3. [PMID: 25691889 PMCID: PMC4315098 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The human nuclear and mitochondrial genomes co-exist within each cell. While the mitochondrial genome encodes for a limited number of proteins, transfer RNAs, and ribosomal RNAs, the vast majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nuclear genome. Of the multitude of mitochondrial disorders known to date, only a fifth are maternally inherited. The recent characterization of the mitochondrial proteome therefore serves as an important step toward delineating the nosology of a large spectrum of phenotypically heterogeneous diseases. Following the identification of the first nuclear gene defect to underlie a mitochondrial disorder, a plenitude of genetic variants that provoke mitochondrial pathophysiology have been molecularly elucidated and classified into six categories that impact: (1) oxidative phosphorylation (subunits and assembly factors); (2) mitochondrial DNA maintenance and expression; (3) mitochondrial protein import and assembly; (4) mitochondrial quality control (chaperones and proteases); (5) iron–sulfur cluster homeostasis; and (6) mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion). Here, we propose that an additional class of genetic variant be included in the classification schema to acknowledge the role of genetic defects in phospholipid biosynthesis, remodeling, and metabolism in mitochondrial pathophysiology. This seventh class includes a small but notable group of nuclear-encoded proteins whose dysfunction impacts normal mitochondrial phospholipid metabolism. The resulting human disorders present with a diverse array of pathologic consequences that reflect the variety of functions that phospholipids have in mitochondria and highlight the important role of proper membrane homeostasis in mitochondrial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven M Claypool
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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Bird SS, Stavrovskaya IG, Gathungu RM, Tousi F, Kristal BS. Qualitative characterization of the rat liver mitochondrial lipidome using all ion fragmentation on an Exactive benchtop Orbitrap MS. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1264:441-52. [PMID: 25631033 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2257-4_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Untargeted lipidomics profiling by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) allows researchers to observe the occurrences of lipids in a biological sample without showing intentional bias to any specific class of lipids and allows retrospective reanalysis of data collected. Typically, and in the specific method described, a general extraction method followed by LC separation is used to achieve nonspecific class coverage of the lipidome prior to high-resolution accurate mass (HRAM) MS detection. Here we describe a workflow including the isolation of mitochondria from liver tissue, followed by mitochondrial lipid extraction and the LC-MS conditions used for data acquisition. We also highlight how, in this method, all-ion fragmentation can be used to identify species of lower abundances, often missed by data-dependent fragmentation techniques. Here we describe the isolation of mitochondria from liver tissue, followed by mitochondrial lipid extraction and the LC-MS conditions used for data acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan S Bird
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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20
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Albanes D, Till C, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, Mondul AM, Weinstein SJ, Taylor PR, Parnes HL, Gaziano JM, Song X, Fleshner NE, Brown PH, Meyskens FL, Thompson IM. Plasma tocopherols and risk of prostate cancer in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:886-95. [PMID: 24961880 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) showed higher prostate cancer incidence in men supplemented with high-dose α-tocopherol. We, therefore, examined whether presupplementation plasma α-tocopherol or γ-tocopherol was associated with overall or high-grade prostate cancer. A stratified case-cohort sample that included 1,746 incident prostate cancer cases diagnosed through June 2009 and a subcohort of 3,211 men was derived from the SELECT trial of 35,533 men. Plasma was collected at entry from 2001 to 2004, and median follow-up was 5.5 years (range, 0-7.9 years). Incidence of prostate cancer as a function of plasma α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and supplementation with α-tocopherol or selenomethionine was estimated by the hazard ratio (HR). Plasma γ-tocopherol was not associated with prostate cancer. Men with higher α-tocopherol concentrations seemed to have risk similar to that of men with lower concentrations [overall HR for fifth (Q5) vs. first quintile (Q1), 1.21; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.88-1.66; P-trend = 0.24; in the trial placebo arm, Q5 HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.44-1.62; P-trend = 0.66]. We found a strong positive plasma α-tocopherol association among men receiving the trial selenomethionine supplement [Q5 HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.29-3.22; P-trend = 0.005]. A positive plasma α-tocopherol-prostate cancer association also seemed limited to high-grade disease (Gleason grade, 7-10; overall Q5 HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.13-2.24; P-trend = 0.001; among men receiving selenomethionine, Q5 HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.32-3.40; P-trend = 0.0002). Our findings indicate that higher plasma α-tocopherol concentrations may interact with selenomethionine supplements to increase high-grade prostate cancer risk, suggesting a biologic interaction between α-tocopherol and selenium itself or selenomethionine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Cathee Till
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Eric A Klein
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Phyllis J Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alison M Mondul
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Howard L Parnes
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veteran's Epidemiology, Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Neil E Fleshner
- Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Powel H Brown
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Frank L Meyskens
- University of California at Irvine, Department of Medicine, Orange, California
| | - Ian M Thompson
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
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21
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Impact of high dietary lipid intake and related metabolic disorders on the abundance and acyl composition of the unique mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:447-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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22
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Formation and regulation of mitochondrial membranes. Int J Cell Biol 2014; 2014:709828. [PMID: 24578708 PMCID: PMC3918842 DOI: 10.1155/2014/709828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane phospholipids are essential for the mitochondrial architecture, the activity of respiratory proteins, and the transport of proteins into the mitochondria. The accumulation of phospholipids within mitochondria depends on a coordinate synthesis, degradation, and trafficking of phospholipids between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria as well as intramitochondrial lipid trafficking. Several studies highlight the contribution of dietary fatty acids to the remodeling of phospholipids and mitochondrial membrane homeostasis. Understanding the role of phospholipids in the mitochondrial membrane and their metabolism will shed light on the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function and in the mitochondrial-related diseases.
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23
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Nicolson GL, Ash ME. Lipid Replacement Therapy: a natural medicine approach to replacing damaged lipids in cellular membranes and organelles and restoring function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:1657-79. [PMID: 24269541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipid Replacement Therapy, the use of functional oral supplements containing cell membrane phospholipids and antioxidants, has been used to replace damaged, usually oxidized, membrane glycerophospholipids that accumulate during aging and in various clinical conditions in order to restore cellular function. This approach differs from other dietary and intravenous phospholipid interventions in the composition of phospholipids and their defense against oxidation during storage, ingestion, digestion and uptake as well as the use of protective molecules that noncovalently complex with phospholipid micelles and prevent their enzymatic and bile disruption. Once the phospholipids have been taken in by transport processes, they are protected by several natural mechanisms involving lipid receptors, transport and carrier molecules and circulating cells and lipoproteins until their delivery to tissues and cells where they can again be transferred to intracellular membranes by specific and nonspecific transport systems. Once delivered to membrane sites, they naturally replace and stimulate removal of damaged membrane lipids. Various chronic clinical conditions are characterized by membrane damage, mainly oxidative but also enzymatic, resulting in loss of cellular function. This is readily apparent in mitochondrial inner membranes where oxidative damage to phospholipids like cardiolipin and other molecules results in loss of trans-membrane potential, electron transport function and generation of high-energy molecules. Recent clinical trials have shown the benefits of Lipid Replacement Therapy in restoring mitochondrial function and reducing fatigue in aged subjects and patients with a variety of clinical diagnoses that are characterized by loss of mitochondrial function and include fatigue as a major symptom. This Article is Part of a Special Issue Entitled: Membrane Structure and Function: Relevance in the Cell's Physiology, Pathology and Therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth L Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA 92649, USA.
| | - Michael E Ash
- Clinical Education, Newton Abbot, Devon TQ12 4SG, UK
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