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Dietary Natural Compounds and Vitamins as Potential Cofactors in Uterine Fibroids Growth and Development. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040734. [PMID: 35215384 PMCID: PMC8880543 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An analysis of the literature generated within the past 20 year-span concerning risks of uterine fibroids (UFs) occurrence and dietary factors was carried out. A link between Vitamin D deficiency and UFs formation is strongly indicated, making it a potent compound in leiomyoma therapy. Analogs of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, not susceptible to degradation by tissue 24-hydroxylase, appear to be especially promising and tend to show better therapeutic results. Although research on the role of Vitamin A in the formation of fibroids is contradictory, Vitamin A-enriched diet, as well as synthetic retinoid analogues, may be preventative or limit the growth of fibroids. Unambiguous conclusions cannot be drawn regarding Vitamin E and C supplementation, except for alpha-tocopherol. Alpha-tocopherol as a phytoestrogen taking part in the modulation of estrogen receptors (ERs) involved in UF etiology, should be particularly avoided in therapy. A diet enriched in fruits and vegetables, as sources of carotenoids, polyphenols, quercetin, and indole-3-carbinol, constitutes an easily modifiable lifestyle element with beneficial results in patients with UFs. Other natural substances, such as curcumin, can reduce the oxidative stress and protect against inflammation in leiomyoma. Although the exact effect of probiotics on uterine fibroids has not yet been thoroughly evaluated at this point, the protective role of dairy products, i.e., yogurt consumption, has been indicated. Trace elements such as selenium can also contribute to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of a recommended diet. In contrast, heavy metals, endocrine disrupting chemicals, cigarette smoking, and a diet low in antioxidants and fiber were, alongside genetic predispositions, associated with UFs formation.
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Abstract
Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are present in >75% of women and can cause serious morbidity. They are by far the leading cause of hysterectomy. Fibroids are a complex mixture of cells that include fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Rich in extracellular matrix, they typically arise through somatic mutations, most commonly MED12. Their lack of growth inhibition and their ability to have facets of malignancy yet be histologically and biologically benign provide opportunities to explore basic processes. To date, the mechanisms responsible for growth and development of leiomyomas are an enigma. This review provides an overview of current understanding and future directions for clinical and basic research of fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Stewart
- 1Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,2Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,3Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,4Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,5Women’s Health Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Romana A. Nowak
- 6Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois,7Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
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Ciebiera M, Esfandyari S, Siblini H, Prince L, Elkafas H, Wojtyła C, Al-Hendy A, Ali M. Nutrition in Gynecological Diseases: Current Perspectives. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041178. [PMID: 33918317 PMCID: PMC8065992 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet and nutrition are fundamental in maintaining the general health of populations, including women’s health. Health status can be affected by nutrient deficiency and vice versa. Gene–nutrient interactions are important contributors to health management and disease prevention. Nutrition can alter gene expression, as well as the susceptibility to diseases, including cancer, through several mechanisms. Gynecological diseases in general are diseases involving the female reproductive system and include benign and malignant tumors, infections, and endocrine diseases. Benign diseases such as uterine fibroids and endometriosis are common, with a negative impact on women’s quality of life, while malignant tumors are among the most common cause of death in the recent years. In this comprehensive review article, a bibliographic search was performed for retrieving information about nutrients and how their deficiencies can be associated with gynecological diseases, namely polycystic ovary syndrome, infertility, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, and infections, as well as cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Moreover, we discussed the potential beneficial impact of promising natural compounds and dietary supplements on alleviating these significant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Sahar Esfandyari
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.E.); (H.E.)
| | - Hiba Siblini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.S.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Lillian Prince
- Biological Sciences Division, Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Hoda Elkafas
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.E.); (H.E.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Cairo 15301, Egypt
| | - Cezary Wojtyła
- International Prevention Research Institute-Collaborating Centre, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.S.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Uterine Fibroids and Diet. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031066. [PMID: 33504114 PMCID: PMC7908561 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Uterine myomas or fibroids are the most common benign female tumors of the reproductive organs, associated with significant morbidity and quality of life impairment. Several epidemiological risk factors for their occurrence have been identified so far, including nutrition and dietary habits. In this investigation, authors reviewed, as a narrative review, the data about diet and uterine myoma development in order to homogenize the current data. A PubMed search was conducted for the years 1990–2020, using a combination of keywords of interest for the selected topic. The authors searched the databases, selecting the randomized clinical studies, the observational studies, and the basic (experimental), clinical, and epidemiological researches. Once they collected the articles, they analyzed them according to the number of citations of each article, starting from the most cited to the least cited articles. Subsequently, authors collected the data of each article and inserted them in the various research paragraphs, summarizing the data collected. In this way, they crossed the available data regarding the association between nutrition habits and dietary components and myoma onset and growth. Many nutrients and dietary habits are associated with myoma development risk. These factors include low intakes of fruit, vegetables, and vitamin D, as well as pollutants in food. Despite the available data on the influence of some foods on the development of fibroids, further research is mandatory to understand all the nutrition risk factors which contribute to myoma growth and how exactly these risk factors influence myoma pathogenesis.
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Wise LA, Wesselink AK, Bethea TN, Brasky TM, Wegienka G, Harmon Q, Block T, Baird DD. Intake of Lycopene and other Carotenoids and Incidence of Uterine Leiomyomata: A Prospective Ultrasound Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:92-104. [PMID: 33350944 PMCID: PMC7768815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine leiomyomata (UL) are the leading indication for hysterectomy in the United States. Dietary supplementation with lycopene was associated with reduced size and incidence of oviduct leiomyoma in the Japanese quail. Two US prospective cohort studies of women reported little association between intake of lycopene, or other carotenoids, and UL incidence. However, these studies relied on self-reported physician-diagnosed UL, which is prone to misclassification. OBJECTIVE This study examines the association between dietary intake of carotenoids and UL incidence. DESIGN Data were derived from the Study of the Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids, a prospective cohort study. Women completed self-administered baseline questionnaires on demographic characteristics, reproductive history, and lifestyle, including a 110-item validated food frequency questionnaire, from which dietary intakes of carotenoids-including alpha carotene, beta carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein-zeaxanthin, and lycopene-and vitamin A were estimated. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING One thousand two hundred thirty Black women aged 23 to 35 years who did not have a previous diagnosis of UL, cancer, or autoimmune disease were eligible for enrollment (2010-2012). Participants were residents of the Detroit, MI, metropolitan area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Transvaginal ultrasound was used to assess UL at baseline and 20, 40, and 60 months of follow-up. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs, adjusted for energy intake, age at menarche, education, body mass index, parity, age at first birth, years since last birth, current use of oral contraceptives or progestin-only injectables, alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking. RESULTS Among 1,230 women without prevalent UL at baseline, 301 incident UL cases during follow-up were identified. Intakes of lycopene, other carotenoids, and vitamin A were not appreciably associated with UL incidence. Hazard ratios comparing quartiles 2 (2,376 to 3,397 μg/day), 3 (3,398 to 4,817 μg/day), and 4 (≥4,818 μg/day) with quartile 1 (<2,376 μg/day) of lycopene intake were 1.03 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.47), 1.22 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.72), and 0.95 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.36), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Study findings do not support the hypothesis that greater carotenoid intake is associated with reduced UL incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Wise
- (1)Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- (1)Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Traci N Bethea
- (2)Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC
| | - Theodore M Brasky
- (3)Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus, OH
| | - Ganesa Wegienka
- (4)Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System; Detroit, MI
| | - Quaker Harmon
- (5)Epidemiology Branch, Women's Health Group, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle, NC
| | | | - Donna D Baird
- (5)Epidemiology Branch, Women's Health Group, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle, NC
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Tuoxunjiang H, Yimamu A, Li X, Maimaiti R, Wang Y. Effect of ensiled tomato pomace on performance and antioxidant status in the peripartum dairy cow. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/124049/2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ciebiera M, Ali M, Prince L, Jackson-Bey T, Atabiekov I, Zgliczyński S, Al-Hendy A. The Evolving Role of Natural Compounds in the Medical Treatment of Uterine Fibroids. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1479. [PMID: 32423112 PMCID: PMC7290481 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) remain a significant health issue for many women, with a disproportionate impact on women of color, likely due to both genetic and environmental factors. The prevalence of UFs is estimated to be approximately 70% depending on population. UF-derived clinical symptoms include pelvic pain, excessive uterine bleeding, gastrointestinal and voiding problems, as well as impaired fertility. Nowadays numerous methods of UF treatment are available-from conservative treatment to invasive surgeries. Selecting an appropriate treatment option should be individualized and adjusted to the patient's expectations as much as possible. So far, the mainstay of treatment is surgery, but their negative impact of future fertility is clear. On the other hand, emerging new pharmaceutical options have significant adverse effects like liver function impairment, hot flashes, bone density loss, endometrial changes, and inability to attempt conception during treatment. Several natural compounds are found to help treat UFs and relieve their symptoms. In this review we summarize all the current available data about natural compounds that may be beneficial for patients with UFs, especially those who want to preserve their future fertility or have treatment while actively pursuing conception. Vitamin D, epigallocatechin gallate, berberine, curcumin, and others are being used as alternative UF treatments. Moreover, we propose the concept of using combined therapies of natural compounds on their own or combined with hormonal agents to manage UFs. There is a strong need for more human clinical trials involving these compounds before promoting widespread usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lillian Prince
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Tia Jackson-Bey
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Ihor Atabiekov
- Moscow Region Cancer Center, Balashikha 143900, Russian;
| | - Stanisław Zgliczyński
- Department of Internal Diseases and Endocrinology, Central Teaching Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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Buffa G, Tsiplakou E, Mitsiopoulou C, Pulina G, Nudda A. Supplementation of by-products from grape, tomato and myrtle affects antioxidant status of dairy ewes and milk fatty acid profile. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:493-506. [PMID: 31989701 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets containing different dried by-products on milk and blood plasma antioxidant capacity of dairy ewes. Thirty-six Sarda ewes were assigned to four treatments: control (CON; no by-product), 100 g/day of grape marc (GM), 100 g/day tomato pomace (TP) and 75 g/day of exhausted myrtle berries (EMBs). The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in blood, and SOD, GR and lactoperoxidase (LPO) in milk were determined. Total antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS assays), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls (PCs) were also measured. Milk fatty acid profile was investigated by gas chromatography. The results showed higher antioxidant capacity measured by FRAP or ABTS assays and a reduction in MDA in GM plasma than CON. All by-products enhanced the protection of milk proteins by oxidation, as evidenced by lower values of PCs compared with CON. GM supplementation increased PUFAn-6, due to increase in C18:2n-6, the main component of GM compared with CON. All by-products did not modify the nutritional indexes of milk fat. In conclusion, dietary GM may enhance protection against oxidative condition of dairy ewes, whereas TP and EMB need further research to define the optimum inclusion level in sheep diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Buffa
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Eleni Tsiplakou
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Mitsiopoulou
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Giuseppe Pulina
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Anna Nudda
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, Università degli studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Sahin K, Yenice E, Tuzcu M, Orhan C, Mizrak C, Ozercan IH, Sahin N, Yilmaz B, Bilir B, Ozpolat B, Kucuk O. Lycopene Protects Against Spontaneous Ovarian Cancer Formation in Laying Hens. J Cancer Prev 2018; 23:25-36. [PMID: 29629346 PMCID: PMC5886492 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2018.23.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary intake of lycopene has been associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer, suggesting its chemopreventive potential against ovarian carcinogenesis. Lycopene's molecular mechanisms of action in ovarian cancer have not been fully understood. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of lycopene on the ovarian cancer formation using the laying hen model, a biologically relevant animal model of spontaneous ovarian carcinogenesis due to high incidence rates similar to humans. Methods In this study, a total of 150 laying hens at age of 102 weeks were randomized into groups of 50: a control group (0 mg of lycopene per kg of diet) and two treatment groups (200 mg or 400 mg of lycopene per kg of diet, or ~26 and 52 mg/d/hen, respectively). At the end of 12 months, blood, ovarian tissues and tumors were collected. Results We observed that lycopene supplementation significantly reduced the overall ovarian tumor incidence (P < 0.01) as well as the number and the size of the tumors (P < 0.004 and P < 0.005, respectively). Lycopene also significantly decreased the rate of adenocarcinoma, including serous and mucinous subtypes (P < 0.006). Moreover, we also found that the serum level of oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde was significantly lower in lycopene-fed hens compared to control birds (P < 0.001). Molecular analysis of the ovarian tumors revealed that lycopene reduced the expression of NF-κB while increasing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 and its major target protein, heme oxygenase 1. In addition, lycopene supplementation decreased the expression of STAT3 by inducing the protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 expression in the ovarian tissues. Conclusions Taken together, our findings strongly support the potential of lycopene in the chemoprevention of ovarian cancer through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Ibrahim H Ozercan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Bahiddin Yilmaz
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Birdal Bilir
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Eroglu S, Haskul İ, Aziz V, Yurtcu E, Karatas F, Neşelioğlu S, Erel O. Dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis in patients with Uterine Myoma. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 216:24-26. [PMID: 28697394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to measure and compare the dynamic thiol and disulphide homeostasis between patients with Uterine Myoma (UM) and healthy subjects. MATERIAL AND METHOD A total of 54 patients with UM who were diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography and 37 age- and body mass index-matched healthy individuals were included in this study. Thiol/disulphide homeostasis was measured by a novel automatic spectrophotometric method. RESULTS The mean serum native thiol, disulphide, and thiol levels were statistically lower in UM group than those in the control group [(284.66±59.41μmol/L vs. 320.98±56.17μmol/L, P<0.0001), (17.27±5.59μmol/L vs. 22.38±6.93μmol/L, P<0.0001) and (319.21±61.69 vs. 365.76±61.46μmol/L, P<0.0001), respectively]. There were no statistically significant differences in ratios of the disulphide/native thiol, native thiol/total thiol, and disulphide/total thiol among patients with UM versus healthy control group (P=0.096, 0.092, 0.092, respectively). CONCLUSION It was found that the native thiol, total thiol, and disulphide levels in patients with UM decreased while the ratio of native thiol/disulphide remained unchanged.It is necessary to investigate whether these findings have a role in the etiology and clinical course of the UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Eroglu
- Karabuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Turkey
| | - İsmail Haskul
- Karabuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Turkey
| | - Vüsale Aziz
- Karabuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Turkey
| | - Engin Yurtcu
- Karabuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Turkey
| | - Fatih Karatas
- Karabuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Turkey.
| | - Salim Neşelioğlu
- Yıldırım Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Yıldırım Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Turkey
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Abstract
Uterine leiomyomata (UL) have a substantial impact on women's health, but relatively few studies have identified opportunities for primary prevention of these neoplasms. Most established risk factors are not modifiable, including premenopausal age, African ancestry, age at menarche, and childbearing history. The main challenge in studying UL is that a large proportion of tumors are asymptomatic. Herein, we review the epidemiology of UL from published studies to date. We highlight the advantages of ultrasound screening studies and the ways in which their innovative methods have helped clarify the etiology of disease. We conclude with a discussion of promising new hypotheses.
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Hosseini-Vashan SJ, Golian A, Yaghobfar A. Growth, immune, antioxidant, and bone responses of heat stress-exposed broilers fed diets supplemented with tomato pomace. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2016; 60:1183-1192. [PMID: 26589827 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-015-1112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation of dried tomato pomace (DTP) on growth performance, relative weights of viscera, serum biological parameters, antioxidant status, immune response, and bone composition of broilers exposed to a high ambient temperature. A total of 352 one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups consisting of four replicates with 22 birds each. One group was reared under the thermoneutral zone and fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet. The other three groups were subjected to a cyclic heat stress from 29 to 42 days of age (34 ± 1 °C, 55 % RH, 5 h/day). These birds were fed corn-soybean meal basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 3 % DTP (420 mg lycopene/kg diet) or 5 % (708 mg lycopene/kg diet) of DTP. Blood samples were collected on days 28 and 42, and the birds were slaughtered at the same times. Supplementation of 5 % of DTP increased body weight and production index and decreased feed conversion ratio during 1-28 days of age. On day 28, the broilers supplemented with 5 % DTP had lower serum triglycerides and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration than those on the other dietary treatments. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were higher and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower in the broilers fed 5 % TP than those of the broilers fed other diets at 28 days of age. The effects of heat stress (HS) were impaired body weight, enhanced serum activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lipase, and MDA concentration while reducing the activities of GPx and SOD. Dried tomato pomace supplementation did not influence growth performance under HS but ameliorated the negative effects of HS on the serum enzyme activities, GPx activity, and lipid peroxidation. Heat stress did not change the relative weights of the lymphoid organs but reduced the total and IgG titers for secondary antibody response to sheep red blood cells and titer against Newcastle disease virus and increased the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. The supplementation with 5 % of DTP completely alleviated the negative effects of HS on immune responses. The ash, Ca, and P contents of the tibia bone were decreased under HS. The ash and Ca contents of the tibia were not significantly different between thermoneutral and heat-stressed broilers supplemented with 5 % DTP. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of DTP, particularly 5 % DTP, to broiler diet attenuated the detrimental effects of HS on the activities of serum enzymes, oxidative status, immune response, and bone composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hosseini-Vashan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, PO Box 91775-163, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - A Golian
- The Excellence Center for Animal Sciences and Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, PO Box 91775-1163, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - A Yaghobfar
- Animal Nutrition Department, Animal Research Institute, Karj, Iran
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13
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Sparic R, Mirkovic L, Malvasi A, Tinelli A. Epidemiology of Uterine Myomas: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2015; 9:424-35. [PMID: 26985330 PMCID: PMC4793163 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2015.4599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Myomas are the most common benign tumors of the genital organs in women of
childbearing age, causing significant morbidity and impairing their quality of life.
In our investigation, we have reviewed the epidemiological data related to the development of myomas in order to homogenize the current data. Therefore, a MEDLINE
and PubMed search, for the years 1990-2013, was conducted using a combination
of keywords, such as "myoma," "leiomyoma," "fibroids," "myomectomy," "lifestyle," "cigarette," "alcohol," "vitamins," "diet," and "hysterectomy". Randomized
controlled studies were selected based upon the authors’ estimation. Peer-reviewed
articles examining myomas were sorted by their relevance and included in this research. Additional articles were also identified from the references of the retrieved
papers and included according to authors’ estimation. Many epidemiologic factors are linked to the development of myomas; however,
many are not yet fully understood. These factors include age, race, heritage, reproductive factors, sex hormones, obesity, lifestyle (diet, caffeine and alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity and stress), environmental and other influences,
such as hypertension and infection. Some of the epidemiological data is conflicting.
Thus, more research is needed to understand all the risk factors that contribute to
myoma formation and how they exactly influence their onset and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Sparic
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Mirkovic
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Antonio Malvasi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Santa Maria Hospital, Bari, Italy; International Translational Medicine and Biomodelling Research Group Department of Applied Mathematics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Andrea Tinelli
- International Translational Medicine and Biomodelling Research Group Department of Applied Mathematics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Moscow Region, Russia; Division of Experimental Endoscopic Surgery, Imaging, Technology and Minimally Invasive Therapy, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy
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Shen Y, Wu Y, Lu Q, Ren M. Vegetarian diet and reduced uterine fibroids risk: A case-control study in Nanjing, China. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2015; 42:87-94. [PMID: 26458740 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate whether a vegetarian diet correlates with a potential reduced risk of uterine fibroids. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used data from a case-control study conducted in Southeast University Zhongda Hospital between February 2010 and December 2014. Cases included 600 Chinese Han women with uterine fibroids (case group) whose clinical diagnosis dated back no more than 1 year. Controls were 600 patients without uterine fibroids as well as healthy volunteers (control group). All of the information gathered through the questionnaire survey was analyzed for the risk factors of the uterine fibroids pathogenesis. RESULTS The multifactor analysis showed that women with uterine fibroids reported a less frequent consumption of broccoli (odds ratio [OR]: 0.552; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.316-0.964), cabbage (OR: 0.446; 95%CI: 0.211-0.943), Chinese cabbage (OR: 0.311; 95%CI: 0.102-0.946), tomato (OR: 0.453; 95%CI: 0.241-0.853), and apple (OR: 0.416; 95%CI: 0.213-0.814) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The original evidence from this epidemiological investigation shows that a high consumption of broccoli, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, tomato and apple seems to be a protective factor for uterine fibroids. We suggest that greater intake of fresh fruits and cruciferous vegetables may be able to reduce the incidence of uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mulan Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Sahin K, Cross B, Sahin N, Ciccone K, Suleiman S, Osunkoya AO, Master V, Harris W, Carthon B, Mohammad R, Bilir B, Wertz K, Moreno CS, Walker CL, Kucuk O. Lycopene in the prevention of renal cell cancer in the TSC2 mutant Eker rat model. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 572:36-39. [PMID: 25602702 PMCID: PMC5657428 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent upper urinary tract cancer in humans and accounts for 80-85% of malignant renal tumors. Eker rat represents a unique animal model to study RCC since these rats develop spontaneous renal tumors and leiomyoma, which may be due to tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) mutation resulting in the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This study examines the role of a lycopene-rich diet in the development of RCC in the TSC2 mutant Eker rat model. Ten-week old female Eker rats (n=90) were assigned in equal numbers to receive 0, 100 or 200mg/kg of lycopene as part of their daily diet. After 18 months the rats were sacrificed and the kidneys were removed. Immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against mTOR, phospho-S6 and EGFR were performed, as well as hematoxylin-eosin staining for histologic examination of the tumors. Tumors were counted and measured in individual kidneys. Presence of tumor decreased from 94% in control animals to 65% in the experimental group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P<0.12). However, mean numbers of renal carcinomas were statistically significantly decreased in the lycopene-treated rats (P<0.008) when compared to untreated controls. In the lycopene group, tumor numbers decreased (P<0.002) and the numbers tended to decrease linearly (P<0.003) as supplemental lycopene increased from 0 to 200. Control rats fed only basal diet had a greater length of tumors (23.98 mm) than rats fed lycopene supplement groups (12.90 mm and 11.07 mm) (P<0.05). Moreover tumor length decreased (P<0.02) and tumor length tended to decrease linearly (P<0.03) as supplemental lycopene increased from 0 to 200mg/kg. All tumors showed strong staining with antibodies against mTOR, phospho-S6 and EGFR. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with lycopene attenuates the development of renal cell cancers in the predisposed TSC2 mutant Eker rat model. These results suggest that lycopene may play a role in the prevention of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Brian Cross
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Karina Ciccone
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shadeah Suleiman
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Viraj Master
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Wayne Harris
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Bradley Carthon
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ramzi Mohammad
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Birdal Bilir
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Carlos S Moreno
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Cheryl L Walker
- Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park - Research Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
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16
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Parazzini F, Di Martino M, Candiani M, Viganò P. Dietary components and uterine leiomyomas: a review of published data. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:569-79. [PMID: 25826470 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1015746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Some studies have considered the association between diet and uterine fibroid risk, but the issue is largely unsettled. To identify potential modifiable risk factors for fibroid development, we have herein systematically reviewed prior publications dealing with this aspect. Comprehensive searches in electronic databases were conducted to collect studies published on association between uterine leiomyomas and both nutrients and food groups. We identified 13 publications deriving from 4 case-control, 3 cross-sectional, and 4 cohort studies. A protective effect has been demonstrated for consumption of fruits and green vegetables in both case-control and cohort studies. Moreover, very recent cross-sectional and case-control studies evaluating serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 tend to indicate that vitamin D insufficiency, which may in part be due to the diet intake, may play an important role in the development of uterine fibroids. No association was found with the intake of fibers, vitamin C and E, phytoestrogens and carotenoids, whereas association was controversial for the consumption of meat, fish, dairy products, and vitamin A. Most data have also been discussed herein in light of the available experimental and animal model results. These findings may be useful in devising nutritional strategies to reduce leiomyoma risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Parazzini
- a Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, Fondazione IRCCS CáGranda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milano , Italy
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17
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Fletcher NM, Saed MG, Abuanzeh S, Abu-Soud HM, Al-Hendy A, Diamond MP, Saed GM. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase is differentially regulated in normal myometrium versus leiomyoma. Reprod Sci 2014; 21:1145-52. [PMID: 24520084 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114522552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor in women. The goal of this study was to investigate whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), a major source of superoxide and subsequent oxidative stress, was differentially regulated in myometrium versus leiomyoma. Expression levels of NOXs1-5, dual oxidase (DUOX), DUOX2, NOX organizer (NOXO) 1, NOX activator 1, p47(phox), p67(phox), and p22(phox) were determined in cells treated with hypoxia by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry in tissues. Expression of NOX4 increased in fibroid compared to myometrial tissues and cells. The NOX2, DUOX1, and p67(phox) were higher while p22(phox) was lower in fibroid than that in myometrial cells. Hypoxia increased NOX4, DUOX1, and NOXO1 and decreased p22(phox) in myometrial and reduced DUOX1 in fibroid cells. The NOX1, NOX3, NOX5, and DUOX2 were undetectable. Fibroid cells are characterized by a unique NOX profile, which promotes a severe prooxidant state that may be responsible for their development. Targeting these subunits may be beneficial for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Fletcher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mohammed G Saed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Suleiman Abuanzeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Husam M Abu-Soud
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael P Diamond
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ghassan M Saed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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18
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Orhan C, Sahin N, Akdemir F, Markiewicz-Zukowska R, Borawska M, Isidorov V, Hayirli A, Sahin K. The effect ofCirsium arvenseextract on antioxidant status in quail. Br Poult Sci 2013; 54:620-6. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.811713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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19
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Uterine fibroids are characterized by an impaired antioxidant cellular system: potential role of hypoxia in the pathophysiology of uterine fibroids. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:969-74. [PMID: 23812845 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fibroids are the most common smooth muscle overgrowth in women. This study determined the expression and the effect of hypoxia on two potent antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) on human fibroid cells. METHODS Immortalized human leiomyoma (fibroid) and myometrial cells were subjected to hypoxia (2 % O2, 24 h). Total RNA and cell homogenate were obtained from control and treated cells; CAT and SOD mRNA and activity levels were determined by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS Fibroid cells have significantly lower antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT mRNA and activity levels than normal myometrial cells (p < 0.05). Hypoxia treatment significantly increased SOD activity in myometrial cells while significantly decreasing CAT activity in fibroid cells (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in CAT mRNA levels or activity in response to hypoxia in myometrial cells. Also, there was no significant difference in SOD mRNA levels in response to hypoxia in myometrial cells. CONCLUSION This is the first report to show that uterine fibroids are characterized by an impaired antioxidant cellular enzymatic system. More importantly, our results indicate a role for hypoxia in the modulation of the balance of those enzymes in fibroid and myometrial cells. Collectively, these results shed light on the pathophysiology of fibroids thereby providing potential targets for novel fibroid treatment.
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Wise LA, Radin RG, Palmer JR, Kumanyika SK, Boggs DA, Rosenberg L. Intake of fruit, vegetables, and carotenoids in relation to risk of uterine leiomyomata. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 94:1620-31. [PMID: 22071705 PMCID: PMC3252555 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.111.016600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND US black women have higher rates of uterine leiomyomata (UL) and lower intakes of fruit and vegetables than do white women. Whether fruit and vegetable intake is associated with UL in black women has not been studied. OBJECTIVE We assessed the association of dietary intake of fruit, vegetables, carotenoids, folate, fiber, and vitamins A, C, and E with UL in the Black Women's Health Study. DESIGN In this prospective cohort study, we followed 22,583 premenopausal women for incident UL (1997-2009). Diet was estimated by using food-frequency questionnaires in 1995 and 2001. Cox regression was used to derive incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs for the association between each dietary variable (in quintiles) and UL. RESULTS There were 6627 incident cases of UL diagnosed by ultrasonography (n = 4346) or surgery (n = 2281). Fruit and vegetable intake was inversely associated with UL (≥4 compared with <1 serving/d; IRR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; P-trend = 0.03). The association was stronger for fruit (≥2 servings/d compared with <2 servings/wk; IRR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.98; P-trend = 0.07) than for vegetables (≥2 servings/d compared with <4 servings/wk: IRR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.05; P-trend = 0.51). Citrus fruit intake was inversely associated with UL (≥3 servings/wk compared with <1 serving/mo: IRR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.00; P-trend = 0.01). The inverse association for dietary vitamin A (upper compared with lower quintiles: IRR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.97; P-trend = 0.01) appeared to be driven by preformed vitamin A (animal sources), not provitamin A (fruit and vegetable sources). UL was not materially associated with dietary intake of vitamins C and E, folate, fiber, or any of the carotenoids, including lycopene. CONCLUSION These data suggest a reduced risk of UL among women with a greater dietary intake of fruit and preformed vitamin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Wise
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, MA 02215, USA.
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21
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Sahin K, Tuzcu M, Sahin N, Akdemir F, Ozercan I, Bayraktar S, Kucuk O. Inhibitory effects of combination of lycopene and genistein on 7,12- dimethyl benz(a)anthracene-induced breast cancer in rats. Nutr Cancer 2011; 63:1279-86. [PMID: 21958026 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2011.606955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Carotenoids and soy isoflavones have been postulated to have breast cancer preventive effects. We investigated the potential preventive effects of lycopene and genistein, alone and in combination, on breast cancer development in female Wistar rats treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), a carcinogen known to induce breast tumors. Mammary carcinogenesis was initiated by a single, oral gavage of DMBA (80 mg/kg body weight) at 55 days of animal age. Fifty female Wistar rats were divided into 5 experimental groups having 10 animals per group: Group 1 (normal control), Group 2 (DMBA control), Group 3 (DMBA + lycopene), Group 4 (DMBA + genistein), and Group 5 (DMBA + lycopene and genistein). Rats were fed either lycopene (20 mg /kg bw) or genistein (2 mg /kg bw) by oral gavage (3 times per week) starting 2 wk prior to DMBA injection. Treatment was continued for 20 wk. Rats treated with DMBA developed mammary tumors with 100% tumor incidence during the 20-wk study. Inhibition of mammary cancer incidence by lycopene (70%), genistein (60%) and their combination (40%) was observed. Tumor weight decreased by 48%, 61%, and 67%, and mean tumor volume decreased by 18%, 35%, and 65% with lycopene, genistein, and lycopene + genistein, respectively (P < 0.01 for the combination). The proportions of adenocarcinoma masses decreased with lycopene and genistein combination (P < 0.05). Administration of lycopene and genistein combination suppressed breast cancer development and was associated with a decrease in MDA, 8-isoprostane, and 8-OhdG levels and with an increase in serum lycopene and genistein levels. Animals administered DMBA developed breast cancer, which was associated with increased expression of Bcl-2 and decreased expression of Bax, caspase 3, and caspase 9 in mammary tissues. Administration of genistein and lycopene in combination was more effective in inhibiting DMBA-induced breast tumors and modulating the expression of apoptosis associated proteins than the administration of each agent alone. Our results suggest that lycopene and genistein are potent antioxidants and, when given in combination, offer maximum protection against DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
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22
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Sahin K, Orhan C, Akdemir F, Tuzcu M, Ali S, Sahin N. Tomato powder supplementation activates Nrf-2 via ERK/Akt signaling pathway and attenuates heat stress-related responses in quails. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Gullett NP, Ruhul Amin ARM, Bayraktar S, Pezzuto JM, Shin DM, Khuri FR, Aggarwal BB, Surh YJ, Kucuk O. Cancer prevention with natural compounds. Semin Oncol 2010; 37:258-81. [PMID: 20709209 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2010.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Botanical and nutritional compounds have been used for the treatment of cancer throughout history. These compounds also may be useful in the prevention of cancer. Population studies suggest that a reduced risk of cancer is associated with high consumption of vegetables and fruits. Thus, the cancer chemopreventive potential of naturally occurring phytochemicals is of great interest. There are numerous reports of cancer chemopreventive activity of dietary botanicals, including cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage and broccoli, Allium vegetables such as garlic and onion, green tea, Citrus fruits, soybeans, tomatoes, berries, and ginger, as well as medicinal plants. Several lead compounds, such as genistein (from soybeans), lycopene (from tomatoes), brassinin (from cruciferous vegetables), sulforaphane (from asparagus), indole-3-carbinol (from broccoli), and resveratrol (from grapes and peanuts) are in preclinical or clinical trials for cancer chemoprevention. Phytochemicals have great potential in cancer prevention because of their safety, low cost, and oral bioavailability. In this review, we discuss potential natural cancer preventive compounds and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norleena P Gullett
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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24
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Tuzcu M, Sahin N, Ozercan I, Seren S, Sahin K, Kucuk O. The effects of selenium supplementation on the spontaneously occurring fibroid tumors of oviduct, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels, and heat shock protein 70 response in Japanese quail. Nutr Cancer 2010; 62:495-500. [PMID: 20432170 DOI: 10.1080/01635580903441303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. Spontaneously occurring benign oviduct leiomyomas are common tumors of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), which makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. Since dietary intake of selenium has been associated with a reduced risk of a variety of human cancers, we investigated the effects of selenium supplementation on the development of leiomyomas in the Japanese quail. Potential mechanisms of action of selenium include its antioxidant properties and modulation of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70); therefore, we measured levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-isoprostane levels, and Hsp70 expression in tissue specimens obtained from the quails. One hundred and eighty quails (8 mo old) were assigned to 3 treatment groups consisting of 60 birds in each group. Birds were fed either a basal diet containing 0.048 mg Se per kg or the basal diet supplemented with 0.2 mg or 0.4 mg of selenium (Selenomax, yeast-bound l-selenomethionine, 60%) per kg of diet. The animals were sacrificed after 250 days, and the tumors were identified. Selenium supplementation did not affect the number of leiomyomas as compared to control subjects (P > 0.05). However, the tumors in selenium fed birds were smaller than those found in control birds (P = 0.01). Serum Se increased (P = 0.01), whereas MDA and 8-isoprostane, 8-OHdG concentrations decreased (P = 0.01) with selenium supplementation (P = 0.01). Selenium supplementation decreased Hsp70 in the tissue of birds. The results indicate that dietary supplementation with selenium reduces the size of spontaneously occurring leiomyoma of the oviduct in the Japanese quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Tuzcu
- Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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25
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Amin AR, Kucuk O, Khuri FR, Shin DM. Perspectives for cancer prevention with natural compounds. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:2712-25. [PMID: 19414669 PMCID: PMC2690394 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.20.6235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Despite the estimated 565,650 deaths in 2008 of Americans as a result of cancer, it is mostly a preventable disease. Simply by modification of diet, maintenance of optimum body weight, and regular physical activity, 30% to 40% of all instances of cancer could be prevented. Modification of diet alone by increasing vegetable and fruit intake could prevent 20% or more of all cases of cancer and may potentially prevent approximately 200,000 cancer-related deaths annually. Because of their safety, low toxicity, antioxidant properties, and general acceptance as dietary supplements, fruits, vegetables, and other dietary elements (phytochemicals and minerals) are being investigated for the prevention of cancer. Extensive research over the past several decades has identified numerous dietary and botanical natural compounds that have chemopreventive potential. In this review, we discuss promising natural chemopreventive compounds, their molecular targets, and their mechanisms, which may help the further design and conduct of preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.R.M. Ruhul Amin
- From the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- From the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Fadlo R. Khuri
- From the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Dong M. Shin
- From the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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Sahin N, Orhan C, Tuzcu M, Sahin K, Kucuk O. The effects of tomato powder supplementation on performance and lipid peroxidation in quail. Poult Sci 2008; 87:276-83. [PMID: 18212370 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested a protective role for lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid, in the prevention of stress including environmental stress. Tomatoes and tomato products are the major dietary source of lycopene. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary tomato powder supplementation on the performance and lipid peroxidation of meat in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to a high ambient temperature of 34 degrees C. A total of 180 ten-day-old male quails were randomly allocated into 6 groups consisting of 10 replicates of 3 birds. Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22 degrees C (thermoneutral) or 34 degrees C (heat stress) for 8 h/ d (0900 to 1700 h during the study). Birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 2.5 or 5.0% of tomato powder. Tomato powder supplementation linearly increased feed intake, live weight gain, and feed conversion (P = 0.01) under heat stress conditions but did not show the same effect at thermoneutral conditions (P > 0.05). Heat stress significantly increased malondialdehyde concentration and decreased vitamin concentrations in the serum, liver, and muscles of quail. Serum lycopene and vitamin C, E, and A (P = 0.01) concentrations increased linearly in birds at all groups. Malondialdehyde levels in serum, liver (P = 0.001), and muscles linearly decreased in all birds of both thermoneutral and heat stress groups as dietary tomato powder supplementation increased. The results of the study indicate that tomato powder modulates the oxidation-antioxidation system of the muscles in Japanese quail exposed to high ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
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27
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Sahin K, Ozercan R, Onderci M, Sahin N, Khachik F, Seren S, Kucuk O. Dietary tomato powder supplementation in the prevention of leiomyoma of the oviduct in the Japanese quail. Nutr Cancer 2008; 59:70-5. [PMID: 17927504 DOI: 10.1080/01635580701365076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous leiomyomas of the oviduct are common tumors of the Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), which makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. We have previously reported a decreased incidence of leiomyomas in the oviduct of Japanese quail with lycopene supplementation. Although the major carotenoid in tomatoes is lycopene, tomatoes also contain other compounds, which may contribute to their health benefit. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of tomato powder supplementation on the development of leiomyomas in the oviduct of Japanese quail. We also measured serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), carotenoids, and vitamins C, E, and A. A total of 150 quails (3 mo old) were assigned to 3 treatment groups consisting of 5 replicates of 10 birds in each group. Birds were fed either a basal diet (control group) or the basal diet supplemented with 25 g (Treatment I) or 50 g (Treatment II) of tomato powder (0.8 mg lycopene per g of tomato powder) per kg of diet. The animals were sacrificed after 365 days, and the tumors were identified. Tomato powder supplementation significantly decreased the number of leiomyomas as compared to control birds (P < 0.01). The tumors in tomato powder fed birds were smaller than those found in control birds (P < 0.01). Serum lycopene, lutein, zeaxantin, and vitamins C, E, and A increased (P = 0.01), whereas MDA concentrations decreased (P = 0.01) with tomato powder supplementation. No measurable lycopene could be detected in the serum of control birds, whereas a dose-dependent increase was observed in the serum of birds supplemented with tomato powder. The results indicate that dietary supplementation with tomato powder reduces the incidence and size of spontaneously occurring leiomyoma of the oviduct in the Japanese quail. Clinical trials should be conducted to investigate the efficacy of tomato powder supplementation in the prevention and treatment of uterine leiomyoma in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Sahin N, Akdemir F, Orhan C, Kucuk O, Hayirli A, Sahin K. Lycopene-enriched quail egg as functional food for humans. Food Res Int 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2007.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Terry KL, Missmer SA, Hankinson SE, Willett WC, De Vivo I. Lycopene and other carotenoid intake in relation to risk of uterine leiomyomata. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 198:37.e1-8. [PMID: 17981250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carotenoids have antioxidant properties and have been associated with reduced risks of some cancers. We hypothesized that carotenoid intake may reduce the risk of diagnosed uterine leiomyoma (UL). STUDY DESIGN We evaluated the associations between dietary carotenoids and risk of diagnosed UL in 82,512 premenopausal women aged 26-46 years in 1991 in the Nurses' Health Study II over 10 years of follow-up. Diet was assessed every 4 years with a validated food frequency questionnaire, and incidence of UL was assessed biennially by questionnaire. RESULTS Total lycopene intake was not associated with diagnosed UL risk. Intake of beta-carotene was associated with slightly increased risks of diagnosed UL; this association was restricted to current smokers (for highest vs lowest quintile, relative risk = 1.36, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.76; P(trend) = .003). CONCLUSION Overall, our findings do not suggest that carotenoids reduce the risk of diagnosed UL. Among current smokers, high intake of beta-carotene may slightly increase risk of diagnosed UL.
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Rencuzogullari N, Erdogan S. Oral administration of lycopene reverses cadmium-suppressed body weight loss and lipid peroxidation in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2007; 118:175-83. [PMID: 17873360 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-007-0027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure has been recognized to result in a wide variety of cellular responses, including oxidative stress and body weight loss. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of lycopene supplementation on the antioxidant defense system, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, and body weight in Cd-exposed rats. Animals were divided into four groups (n = 7): control, Cd-treated, Cd plus lycopene-treated, and lycopene-treated. Cadmium (as CdCl2) was administrated orally for 20 days (6.6 mg kg(-1) day(-1)), and lycopene (10 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) was similarly administered. Lycopene administration significantly suppressed Cd-induced LPO in plasma and kidney homogenates. Lycopene also reversed Cd-decreased body weight compared to the control. Cadmium treatment had diverse effects on the antioxidant enzyme activities. Although antioxidant superoxide dismutase activity was unchanged, glutathione peroxidase activity was decreased, and catalase activity was elevated in kidney homogenates of Cd-administrated group. However, lycopene treatment reversed Cd-changed enzyme activities to the control level. Xanthine oxidase activity and TNF-alpha concentration were not altered by Cd administration, indicating that superoxide anion production and inflammation were not stimulated. Cadmium did not change NO levels in kidney homogenates but decreased those in plasma, and this effect was not prevented by lycopene supplementation. The result suggests that consumption of adequate levels of lycopene may be useful to prevent heavy-metal-induced LPO and body weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadir Rencuzogullari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Sokmen Campus, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey
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