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Lyu C, Yin X, Li Z, Wang T, Xu R. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:118. [PMID: 38833040 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D acts through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and vitamin D level decreases in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in VDR alter its functions to affect the vitamin D status. This raises the question of whether VDR gene polymorphisms are associated with MM risk, which has been investigated in case‒control studies, but the results have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and MM risk. The PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal (VIP), Wanfang Databases (WANFANG) were searched from inception to June 1, 2023, without language restriction or publication preference. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each variable were calculated. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using Begg' and Egger's tests, and the trim-and-fill method was used to compensate for publication bias. The correlation meta-analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 and STATA 12.0 software. All the included studies were based on Asian populations and involved four VDR gene polymorphisms, TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410) and FokI (rs2228570). The results showed that TaqI (C vs. T: OR = 1.487, 95% CI 1.052, 2.104, P = 0.025; CC + CT vs. TT: OR = 1.830, 95% CI 1.138, 2.944, P = 0.013), ApaI (T vs. G: OR = 1.292, 95% CI 1.101, 1.517, P = 0.002; TT vs. GG: OR = 1.600, 95% CI 1.106, 2.314, P = 0.013; TG vs. GG: OR 1.305, 95% CI 1.050, 1.622; P = 0.016; TT + TG vs. GG: OR = 1.353, 95% CI 1.103, 1.662, P = 0.004), BsmI (GG vs. AA: OR = 1.918, 95% CI 1.293, 2.844, P = 0.001; GA vs. AA: OR = 1.333, 95% CI 1.058, 1.679, P = 0.015; G vs. A: OR = 1.398, 95% CI 1.180, 1.657, P = 0.000; GG vs. AA + GA: OR = 1.686, 95% CI 1.174, 2.423, P = 0.005), and FokI (T vs. C: OR = 1.687, 95% CI 1.474, 1.931, P = 0.000; TT vs. CC: OR = 2.829, 95% CI 2.066, 3.872, P = 0.000; TC vs. CC: OR = 1.579, 95% CI 1.304, 1.913, P = 0.000, TT + TC vs. CC: OR = 1.771, 95% CI 1.477, 2.125, P = 0.000; TT vs. CC + TC: OR = 2.409, 95% CI 1.814, 3.200, P = 0.000) are associated with MM risk. VDR gene polymorphisms including ApaI, BsmI, TaqI, and FokI are associated with MM risk in Asian populations. Additional studies with large sample sizes and different ethnicities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Lyu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonghong Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Hematology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Health Commission, Institute of Hematology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Zhao S, Qian F, Wan Z, Chen X, Pan A, Liu G. Vitamin D and major chronic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00112-7. [PMID: 38824035 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Numerous observational studies have demonstrated a significant inverse association between vitamin D status and the risk of major chronic disease, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. However, findings from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest minimal or no benefit of increased vitamin D levels. We provide an overview of recent literature linking vitamin D to major chronic diseases. Because emerging evidence indicates a potential threshold effect of vitamin D, future well-designed studies focused on diverse populations with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency are warranted for a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of maintaining sufficient vitamin D status on the prevention of major chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhao
- School of Public Health, and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Frank Qian
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston Medical Center, and Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Public Health, and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Fendler A, Stephan C, Ralla B, Jung K. Discordant Health Implications and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D in Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Prostate Cancer: A Critical Appraisal of the Literature Data. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5286. [PMID: 38791324 PMCID: PMC11120741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical studies have provided conflicting data on the postulated beneficial effects of vitamin D in patients with prostate cancer. In this opinion piece, we discuss reasons for discrepancies between preclinical and clinical vitamin D studies. Different criteria have been used as evidence for the key roles of vitamin D. Clinical studies report integrative cancer outcome criteria such as incidence and mortality in relation to vitamin D status over time. In contrast, preclinical vitamin D studies report molecular and cellular changes resulting from treatment with the biologically active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) in tissues. However, these reported changes in preclinical in vitro studies are often the result of treatment with biologically irrelevant high calcitriol concentrations. In typical experiments, the used calcitriol concentrations exceed the calcitriol concentrations in normal and malignant prostate tissue by 100 to 1000 times. This raises reasonable concerns regarding the postulated biological effects and mechanisms of these preclinical vitamin D approaches in relation to clinical relevance. This is not restricted to prostate cancer, as detailed data regarding the tissue-specific concentrations of vitamin D metabolites are currently lacking. The application of unnaturally high concentrations of calcitriol in preclinical studies appears to be a major reason why the results of preclinical in vitro studies hardly match up with outcomes of vitamin D-related clinical studies. Regarding future studies addressing these concerns, we suggest establishing reference ranges of tissue-specific vitamin D metabolites within various cancer entities, carrying out model studies on human cancer cells and patient-derived organoids with biologically relevant calcitriol concentrations, and lastly improving the design of vitamin D clinical trials where results from preclinical studies guide the protocols and endpoints within these trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Fendler
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Stephan
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ralla
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.F.); (B.R.)
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Lin Y, Xie C, Zhang Y, Luo F, Gao Q, Li Y, Su L, Xu R, Zhang X, Chen R, Zhou S, Li P, Liu J, Liang M, Nie S. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with cardiovascular mortality and kidney outcome in patients with early stages of CKD. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02383-6. [PMID: 38733429 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE While serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) deficiency is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD), the effects of 25(OH)D deficiency on cardiovascular mortality and kidney outcomes in patients with early-stage CKD remain incompletely understood. METHODS This multicenter retrospective cohort study included adult patients with stages 1-3 CKD from 19 medical centers across China between January 2000 and May 2021. The primary outcome was cardiovascular mortality. The secondary study outcome included CKD progression (defined as a sustained > 40% eGFR decrease from baseline or progress to end-stage kidney disease), and annual percentage change of eGFR. RESULTS Of 9229 adults with stages 1-3 CKD, 27.0% and 38.9% had severe (< 10 ng/mL) and moderate (10 to < 20 ng/mL) serum 25(OH)D deficiency, respectively. Compared with patients having 25(OH)D ≥ 20 ng/mL, a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.90, 95% CI 1.37-2.63), CKD progression (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.68-2.88), and a steeper annual decline in eGFR (estimate - 7.87%; 95% CI - 10.24% to - 5.51% per year) was found in those with serum 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL. Similar results were obtained in subgroups and by sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS 25(OH)D deficiency is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular mortality and CKD progression in patients with early-stage CKD. Studies are needed to determine whether early intervention for 25(OH)D deficiency could improve the prognosis of patients with early-stage CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lin
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - C Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - F Luo
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Q Gao
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Y Li
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - L Su
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - R Xu
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - X Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - R Chen
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - S Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - P Li
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - J Liu
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - M Liang
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - S Nie
- Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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5
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Zhang Z, Lv T, Wang X, Wu M, Zhang R, Yang X, Fu Y, Liu Z. Role of the microbiota-gut-heart axis between bile acids and cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116567. [PMID: 38583340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) receptors (e.g., farnesoid X-activated receptor, muscarinic receptor) are expressed in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, indicating the relevance of BAs to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hydrophobic BAs are cardiotoxic, while hydrophilic BAs are cardioprotective. For example, fetal cardiac insufficiency in maternal intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, and the degree of fetal cardiac abnormality, is closely related to the level of hydrophobic BAs in maternal blood and infant blood. However, ursodeoxycholic acid (the most hydrophilic BA) can reverse/prevent these detrimental effects of increased levels of hydrophobic BAs on the heart. The gut microbiota (GM) and GM metabolites (especially secondary BAs) have crucial roles in hypertension, atherosclerosis, unstable angina, and heart failure. Herein, we describe the relationship between CVD and the GM at the BA level. We combine the concept of the "microbiota-gut-heart axis" (MGHA) and postulate the role and mechanism of BAs in CVD development. In addition, the strategies for treating CVD with BAs under the MGHA are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Menglu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ruolin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yongping Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
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6
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Yahyavi SK, Boisen IM, Cui Z, Jorsal MJ, Kooij I, Holt R, Juul A, Blomberg Jensen M. Calcium and vitamin D homoeostasis in male fertility. Proc Nutr Soc 2024; 83:95-108. [PMID: 38072394 DOI: 10.1017/s002966512300486x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Calcium and vitamin D have well-established roles in maintaining calcium balance and bone health. Decades of research in human subjects and animals have revealed that calcium and vitamin D also have effects on many other organs including male reproductive organs. The presence of calcium-sensing receptor, vitamin D receptor, vitamin D activating and inactivating enzymes and calcium channels in the testes, male reproductive tract and human spermatozoa suggests that vitamin D and calcium may modify male reproductive function. Functional animal models have shown that vitamin D deficiency in male rodents leads to a decrease in successful mating and fewer pregnancies, often caused by impaired sperm motility and poor sperm morphology. Human studies have to a lesser extent validated these findings; however, newer studies suggest a positive effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen quality in cases with vitamin D deficiency, which highlights the need for initiatives to prevent vitamin D deficiency. Calcium channels in male reproductive organs and spermatozoa contribute to the regulation of sperm motility and capacitation, both essential for successful fertilisation, which supports a need to avoid calcium deficiency. Studies have demonstrated that vitamin D, as a regulator of calcium homoeostasis, influences calcium influx in the testis and spermatozoa. Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between vitamin D deficiency and male infertility, although further investigation is needed to establish a definitive causal relationship. Understanding the interplay between vitamin D, calcium and male reproductive health may open new avenues for improving fertility outcomes in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Kafai Yahyavi
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral, and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Marie Boisen
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral, and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhihui Cui
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral, and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Joon Jorsal
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral, and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ireen Kooij
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral, and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rune Holt
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral, and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Blomberg Jensen
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral, and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Du Y, Geng P, Chen Q, Han L, Liu L, Yang M, Tan M, Meng J, Sun X, Feng L. Associations of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with risk of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1377058. [PMID: 38681668 PMCID: PMC11047136 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1377058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a lipid soluble steroid hormone, which plays a critical role in the calcium homeostasis, neuronal development, cellular differentiation, and growth by binding to vitamin D receptor (VDR). Associations between VDR gene polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk has been investigated extensively, but the results remain ambiguous. The aim of this study was to comprehensively assess the correlations between four VDR polymorphisms (FokI, BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI) and susceptibility to AD, PD, and MCI. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to determine the relationship of interest. Pooled analyses suggested that the ApaI polymorphism decreased the overall AD risk, and the TaqI increased the overall PD susceptibility. In addition, the BsmI and ApaI polymorphisms were significantly correlated with the overall MCI risk. Stratified analysis by ethnicity further showed that the TaqI and ApaI genotypes reduced the AD predisposition among Caucasians, while the TaqI polymorphism enhanced the PD risk among Asians. Intriguingly, carriers with the BB genotype significantly decreased the MCI risk in Asian descents, and the ApaI variant elevated the predisposition to MCI in Caucasians and Asians. Further studies are need to identify the role of VDR polymorphisms in AD, PD, and MCI susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Du
- Department of Encephalopathy, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Peizhen Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qunqun Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Weifang Brain Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Laixi Han
- Department of Rehabilitation, Weifang Brain Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Maoquan Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Mingzhu Tan
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lidan Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
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8
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Wang P, Nie J, Li J, Ye C, Chen J, Zhang Z, Li B. VDRA downregulate β-catenin/Smad3 and DNA damage and repair associated with improved prognosis in ccRCC patients. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130405. [PMID: 38403213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) spotlighted the poorest survival, while chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) was associated with the best survival. Earlier studies corroborated vitamin D receptor (VDR) was a promising molecular for improving the prognosis of RCC. In contrast to VDRA, the one of VDR isoforms, VDRB1 (VDR isoform B1) has an N-terminal extension of 50 amino acids and is less ligand-dependent. However, the functional differences between VDRA and VDRB1, and their roles in the prognosis of ccRCC and chRCC, have not been investigated. In the present study, we uncovered that the transcripts related to vitamin D pathway and cellular calcium signaling were effectively decreased in the context of ccRCC, yet failed to exert a comparable effect within chRCC. Specially, minimally levels of VDRA wherein kidneys of patients suffering from ccRCC predict shorter survival time. In addition, the protein expressions for β-catenin/Smad3 pathway and DNA damage and repair pathways were obviously impeded in VDRA-overexpressed ccRCC cells, yet this inhibitory effect was conspicuously absent in enable VDRB1 cells. Our results provide a new idea to improve the prognosis of ccRCC via VDRA upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiafu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caiyong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianwu Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Bingyan Li
- Deparment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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9
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Giustina A, Lazaretti-Castro M, Martineau AR, Mason RS, Rosen CJ, Schoenmakers I. A view on vitamin D: a pleiotropic factor? Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:202-208. [PMID: 38253860 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita Salute University, Milano, Italy.
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy.
| | - Marise Lazaretti-Castro
- Bone and Mineral Metabolism Research Unit, at Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adrian R Martineau
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Rebecca S Mason
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Singh A, Singh N. Vitamin D intervention as a curative measure for glucose intolerance in obese children and adolescents: a systematic review on randomized control trials. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1475-1483. [PMID: 38206398 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with obesity and its associated metabolic disorders, as specified in many epidemiological studies. The assertion that vitamin D can mitigate insulin insensitivity in obese children and adolescents lacks adequate empirical substantiation. Thus, the study utilized some clinical trials on vitamin D interventions to examine the impact of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents. The literature was extracted by applying the PRISMA method through electronic databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed from 2012 to 2022. All the articles were in English, and the inclusion criteria for each article were based on the study design and the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of the subjects. A total of 572 research articles were acquired, out of which only seven closely adhered to the inclusion criteria of the study. The studies in this systematic review are based on randomized control trials. The age range of the children in this study spans from 2 to 19 years, and the follow-up period ranges from 3 to 12 months. The range of daily vitamin D doses provided varied from 2000 to 10,000 IU. The results indicate that four randomized controlled trials have demonstrated a positive impact on glycemic parameters, such as insulin levels, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance, in the subjects following vitamin D treatment. However, the three trials did not provide sufficient evidence to support a statistically significant effect. CONCLUSION The present review highlights that a significant proportion of the studies incorporated in the analysis demonstrate that the administration of vitamin D may be a preventive measure in ameliorating insulin resistance among pediatric patients with obesity, but it is advisable to implement a prolonged intervention with a substantial sample size and perform micro-level analysis at the gene level to evaluate the impact of vitamin D treatment. WHAT IS KNOWN • Childhood obesity and its associated metabolic disorder is a concerned global problem. • Several studies showed an association of vitamin D deficiency with adiposity- induced metabolicdisorders which are still controversial. This study focused on finding interlink between vitamin Dsupplementation with obesity induced insulin resistance in children and adolescents. WHAT IS NEW • This study supports that high dosage of Vitamin D in long term may be protective against insulinresistance in obese paediatric individuals. • A new factor is also reported in the study that vitamin D may alter the composition of gut microbiotawhich represents a compelling approach to the therapeutic management of obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Singh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Home Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Neetu Singh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Home Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Sun Y, Zhou Q, Tian D, Zhou J, Dong S. Relationship between vitamin D levels and pediatric celiac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:185. [PMID: 38491474 PMCID: PMC10943820 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Vitamin D levels and pediatric celiac disease (CD) remains controversial. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between Vitamin D and pediatric CD. METHODS We screened relevant studies from PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science published in English from January 1, 2000, to August 1, 2023. The included studies were assessed according to the STROBE checklist. Heterogeneity was quantified by Cochran's Q test and the I2 statistic. Publication bias was estimated by Begg's test and Egger's test. Meta-regression was used to detect potential sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS A total of 26 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Nineteen articles compared 25(OH)D3 levels between CD patients and control groups, average 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3 or calcidiol], and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol] levels, as the main forms of Vitamin D, there was a significant difference in CD patients and healthy controls (weighted mean difference (WMD) = - 5.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [- 10.86, - 0.69] nmol/L). Meanwhile, eleven articles reported the numbers of patients and controls with Vitamin D deficiency, there was a significant difference in the incidence of 25(OH)D3 deficiency between CD patients and healthy controls (odds ratio 2.20, 95% CI= [1.19, 4.08]). Nine articles reported changes in 25(OH)D3 levels before and after administering a GFD in patients with CD, the result of this study revealed the increase of 25(OH)D3 levels in CD patients after a gluten-free diet (GFD) (WMD = - 6.74, 95% CI = [- 9.78, - 3.70] nmol/L). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D levels in pediatric CD patients were lower than in healthy controls, and 25(OH)D3 deficiency was more prevalent in CD patients. We found that 25(OH)D3 levels were elevated in CD patients after GFD, which is consistent with previous research. Further well-designed, longitudinal, prospective cohort studies focusing on the role of Vitamin D in the pathogenesis of CD are therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, , National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Qingxue Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Dandan Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, , National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jianming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, , National Children's Regional Medical Center, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Shilei Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
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12
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Zhuang Y, Zhuang Z, Cai Q, Hu X, Huang H. Serum vitamin D is substantially reduced and predicts flares in diabetic retinopathy patients. J Diabetes Investig 2024. [PMID: 38469994 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Research has suggested that vitamin D deficiency is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Our study aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is the cause of diabetic retinopathy or if diabetic retinopathy reduces vitamin D levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants with type-2 diabetes were recruited for this prospective observational clinical study and were divided into a diabetic group without retinopathy and a diabetic group with retinopathy, with additional healthy volunteers serving as a control group. The differences in clinical characteristics among the three groups were also compared. Patients without retinopathy were then followed for 1 year to monitor the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. After follow-up, participants were divided into subgroups based on whether diabetic retinopathy occurred. The baseline data of the subgroups were compared, and the independent risk factors were analyzed. RESULTS Vitamin D levels were generally low. Participants with diabetic retinopathy had significantly lower vitamin D levels than did those without retinopathy (P < 0.01). A comparison of the two subgroups revealed lower baseline vitamin D concentrations in the new-DR subgroup than in the non-DR subgroup (P < 0.01). Vitamin D deficiency and elevated HbA1c levels were found to be independent risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (OR = 0.935, 95% CI: 0.867-0.981, P = 0.006; OR = 2.208, 95% CI: 1.764-2.764, P < 0.01). The limit of vitamin D intake according to the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 26.01 ng/mL, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.603 (95% CI: 0.559-0.706, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. More importantly, vitamin D deficiency may accelerate the onset of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zihao Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qingyan Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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13
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Rizwan M, Cheng K, Gang Y, Hou Y, Wang C. Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D and Zinc on Viral Infection. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04139-y. [PMID: 38451442 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Several nutrients are crucial in enhancing the immune system and preserving the structural integrity of bodily tissue barriers. Vitamin D (VD) and zinc (Zn) have received considerable interest due to their immunomodulatory properties and ability to enhance the body's immune defenses. Due to their antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory properties, the two nutritional powerhouses VD and Zn are crucial for innate and adaptive immunity. As observed with COVID-19, deficiencies in these micronutrients impair immune responses, increasing susceptibility to viral infections and severe disease. Ensuring an adequate intake of VD and Zn emerges as a promising strategy for fortifying the immune system. Ongoing clinical trials are actively investigating their potential therapeutic advantages. Beyond the immediate context of the pandemic, these micronutrients offer valuable tools for enhancing immunity and overall well-being, especially in the face of future viral threats. This analysis emphasizes the enduring significance of VD and Zn as both treatment and preventive measures against potential viral challenges beyond the current health crisis. The overview delves into the immunomodulatory potential of VD and Zn in combating viral infections, with particular attention to their effects on animals. It provides a comprehensive summary of current research findings regarding their individual and synergistic impacts on immune function, underlining their potential in treating and preventing viral infections. Overall, this overview underscores the need for further research to understand how VD and Zn can modulate the immune response in combatting viral diseases in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Gang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuntao Hou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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14
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Van Ankum EM, Majcher KB, Dolovich AT, Johnston JD, Flegel KP, Boughner JC. Food texture and vitamin D influence mouse mandible form and molar roots. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:611-632. [PMID: 37702738 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization influenced several facets of lifestyle, including softer nutrient-poor diets that contributed to vitamin D deficiency in post-industrzialized populations, with concomitantly increased dental problems. Here we simulated a post-industrialized diet in a mouse model to test the effects of diet texture and vitamin D level on mandible and third molar (M3) forms. Mice were raised on a soft diet with vitamin D (VitD) or without it (NoD), or on a hard diet with vitamin D. We hypothesized that a VitD/hard diet is optimal for normal mandible and tooth root form, as well as for timely M3 initiation. Subsets of adult NoD/soft and VitD/soft groups were bred to produce embryos that were micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanned to stage M3 development. M3 stage did not differ between embryos from mothers fed VitD and NoD diets, indicating that vitamin D does not affect timing of M3 onset. Sacrificed adult mice were μCT-scanned, their mandibles 3D-landmarked and M3 roots were measured. Principal component (PC) analysis described the largest proportion of mandible shape variance (PC1, 30.1%) related to diet texture, and nominal shape variance (PC2, 13.8%) related to vitamin D. Mice fed a soft diet had shorter, relatively narrower, and somewhat differently shaped mandibles that recapitulated findings in human populations. ANOVA and other multivariate tests found significantly wider M3 roots and larger root canals in mice fed a soft diet, with vitamin D having little effect. Altogether our experiments using a mouse model contribute new insights about how a post-industrial diet may influence human craniodental variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Van Ankum
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kadin B Majcher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Allan T Dolovich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - James D Johnston
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kennedy P Flegel
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Julia C Boughner
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Ashraf A, Singh R, Ganai BA, Mir S. Hypermethylation and down-regulation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) as contributing factors for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a case-control study from Kashmir, North India. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:1091-1100. [PMID: 38227018 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevailing endocrinopathy affecting a significant population of women of reproductive age across the globe. A myriad set of complex intertwined factors ranging from etiological, genetic, and epigenetic reasons cause this disorder. Out of the different factors, vitamin D shows an imperative aspect in health and fertility of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The importance of vitamin D is facilitated by vitamin D receptor (VDR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor in the steroid/ thyroid hormone receptor superfamily that controls the pleiotropic biological properties of vitamin D. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of promoter methylation of the VDR gene, a transcription factor with numerous biological utilities, with its relative expression and clinico-pathological findings and outcomes. METHODOLOGY A total of 200 blood samples were collected, 100 from PCOS case subjects, and 100 from the normal healthy controls respectively, which were assessed by qRT-PCR for determining the expression summary. MS-PCR technique was used for analyzing the promoter methylation status of the VDR gene. Blood samples were withdrawn, respectively, for each case and the control study separately experimented for different stages for the given study, of which estimation of vitamin D was also a part. RESULTS In this test-versus-control study, first, the promoter methylation status of VDR gene was identified which was found more prominent i.e., hyper-methylation of the VDR gene was identified in 84 cases (84%), and in the normal healthy controls, it was found (62%). The promoter methylation status of the VDR gene has remarkably shown the results with a significant difference (p value < 0.0001*). Second, the expression analysis of VDR gene was found to be strongly downregulated in majority (64%) of PCOS case samples analyzed by means fold change of 0.8743 (± 0.06466) (p value 0.0054**). This result is, therefore, indicative of VDR gene role in PCOS pathogenesis as the said gene is downregulated. Moreover, compared to the vitamin D parameter, hyper-methylation and expression analysis of the VDR promoter gene were found to correspond to some associations with PCOS. Certain case-and-control study analyses showed that patients with normal vitamin D levels showed less indicative effects of PCOS and vice versa. CONCLUSION Our study, being exclusive from Kashmir, one of the foremost specified that VDR confirms anomalous methylation configuration in PCOS with subsequent downregulation in the gene expression i.e., there is an inverse correlation among VDR gene expression (downregulated) and methylation status (hyper-methylated) from the conclusion of our PCOS case-versus-control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahila Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula Amroha, UP, 244236, India.
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India.
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula Amroha, UP, 244236, India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Shahnawaz Mir
- Department of Endocrinology, Government Medical College, Super Speciality Hospital, Srinagar, J&K, India
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16
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Rubab ZE, Naz S, Ashraf M, Shahid S, Rehman R. Identification of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDBP) Gene and Its Dysregulated Pathway Through VDR-VDBP Interaction Network Analysis in Vitamin D-Deficient Infertile Females. Cureus 2024; 16:e55602. [PMID: 38586664 PMCID: PMC10995750 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of female infertility in Pakistan is currently estimated at 22%, and emerging research suggests that vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) may play a significant role in influencing female fertility. The focus of this study was to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) patterns within the VD binding protein (VDBP). The study aimed to explore dysregulated pathways and gene enrichment through an interaction network analysis, specifically focusing on the interplay between the VD receptor (VDR) and VDBP in females experiencing unexplained infertility (UI) coupled with VDD. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on VD-deficient, fertile, and UI female subjects. VDBP and VDR were assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay and genotyping performed. FunRich (version 3.1.3; http://funrich.org/index.html) was employed for analysis of the identified proteins: VDR and VDBP and with their mapped gene datasets, gene enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. RESULTS The mean VD and VDR values of infertile females were significantly lower than those of fertile females. VDBP in infertile females (median (IQR)): 296.05 (232.58-420.23)) was lower than that of fertile females (469.9 (269.57-875.55), (p=0.01)). On sequence analysis, a mutation rs 4588 SNP (Thr 436 Lys) was found in exon 11 of the VDBP gene of UI females, but no mutation in exons 8 and 9 of the VDR gene, with some insignificant intronic variants, was observed. The proteins such as plasma membrane estrogen receptor signaling pathway (p < 0.001), VDR, SMAD3, NCOR1, CREBBP, NCOA1, STAT1, GRB2, PPP2CA, TP53, and NCOA2 were enriched after biological pathway grouping when VDR was made the focused gene and directly interacting with VDBP. CONCLUSION The females with UI exhibited significantly low VD, VDBP, and VDR. The plasma membrane estrogen receptor signaling pathway was enriched in VDD infertile females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zil E Rubab
- Department of Biochemistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sumaira Naz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mussarat Ashraf
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Saba Shahid
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, PAK
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17
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Meshkin A, Badiee F, Salari N, Hassanabadi M, Khaleghi AA, Mohammadi M. The Global Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Elderly: A Meta-analysis. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:223-230. [PMID: 38425824 PMCID: PMC10899554 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-01089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent among the elderly, posing significant health risks. This study aims to determine the global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, examining databases including Scientific Information Database (SID), Medline (PubMed), ScienceDirect, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar until January 2023. The publication bias of the studies was assessed using the I2 test of heterogeneity and the Egger test. Results The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, defined as levels below 20 ng or 50 nmol was found to be 59.7% (95% CI 45.9-72.1). Furthermore, a review of six studies involving 6748 elderly individuals showed a prevalence of 27.5% (95% CI 21.8-34.1) for deficiency defined between 20 and 30 ng or 50-75 nmol. Additionally, a meta-analysis of seven studies with a sample size of 6918 elderly individuals reported a prevalence of 16% (95% CI 10.2-24.1) for deficiency defined above 30 nmol or 75 nmol. Conclusion The results of the present study reveal that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the elderly is high and requires the attention of health policymakers at the World Health Organization to prioritize extensive information dissemination and screening to mitigate the adverse effects on their quality of life. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-023-01089-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Meshkin
- Student Research Committee, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Badiee
- Student Research Committee, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Hassanabadi
- Department of Strategy and Operations Management, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Ali Asghar Khaleghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
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BharathwajChetty B, Sajeev A, Vishwa R, Aswani BS, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Kunnumakkara AB. Dynamic interplay of nuclear receptors in tumor cell plasticity and drug resistance: Shifting gears in malignant transformations and applications in cancer therapeutics. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:321-362. [PMID: 38517618 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances have brought forth the complex interplay between tumor cell plasticity and its consequential impact on drug resistance and tumor recurrence, both of which are critical determinants of neoplastic progression and therapeutic efficacy. Various forms of tumor cell plasticity, instrumental in facilitating neoplastic cells to develop drug resistance, include epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) alternatively termed epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) attributes, and transdifferentiation into diverse cell lineages. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of transcription factors (TFs) that play an essential role in regulating a multitude of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. NRs have been implicated to play a critical role in modulating gene expression associated with tumor cell plasticity and drug resistance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of how NRs regulate these key aspects of cancer biology. We discuss the diverse mechanisms through which NRs influence tumor cell plasticity, including EMT, stemness, and metastasis. Further, we explore the intricate relationship between NRs and drug resistance, highlighting the impact of NR signaling on chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies. We also discuss the emerging therapeutic strategies targeting NRs to overcome tumor cell plasticity and drug resistance. This review also provides valuable insights into the current clinical trials that involve agonists or antagonists of NRs modulating various aspects of tumor cell plasticity, thereby delineating the potential of NRs as therapeutic targets for improved cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ravichandran Vishwa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Babu Santha Aswani
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Skv M, Abraham SM, Eshwari O, Golla K, Jhelum P, Maity S, Komal P. Tremendous Fidelity of Vitamin D3 in Age-related Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w. [PMID: 38372958 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD) is a secosteroid hormone and shows a pleiotropic effect in brain-related disorders where it regulates redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, energy production, and growth factor synthesis. Vitamin D3's active metabolic form, 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol), is a known regulator of several genes involved in neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, neurotropism, and neuroinflammation. Multiple studies suggest that VD deficiency can be proposed as a risk factor for the development of several age-related neurological disorders. The evidence for low serum levels of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 or calcidiol), the major circulating form of VD, is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), dementia, and cognitive impairment. Despite decades of evidence on low VD association with neurological disorders, the precise molecular mechanism behind its beneficial effect remains controversial. Here, we will be delving into the neurobiological importance of VD and discuss its benefits in different neuropsychiatric disorders. The focus will be on AD, PD, and HD as they share some common clinical, pathological, and epidemiological features. The central focus will be on the different attributes of VD in the aspect of its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cholinesterase activity, and psychotropic effect in different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Skv
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sharon Mariam Abraham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Omalur Eshwari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore Golla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Program, The Research Instituteof the, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pragya Komal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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20
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Kallioğlu MA, Sharma A, Kallioğlu A, Kumar S, Khargotra R, Singh T. UV index-based model for predicting synthesis of (pre-)vitamin D3 in the mediterranean basin. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3541. [PMID: 38347060 PMCID: PMC10861575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of solar radiation for the body's ability to synthesize Vitamin D3 is well documented, yet the precise amount of sun exposure required to avoid Vitamin D insufficiency is less clear. To address this knowledge gap, this study sought to utilize the sun in a suitable period at the optimum dose by utilizing numerical simulations to determine the amount of Vitamin D3 synthesis in the skin according to season, time of day, and geographical location in Turkey. The study was carried out in three stages; in the first stage, daily, monthly, and annual values were determined in cases where the solar zenith angle has the active UV-B wavelength. The second stage determined the level of Vitamin D that can be synthesized in all skin types at 25% solar radiation exposure. In the third stage, the sun exposure time required for 1000 International Units (IU) for all skin types was calculated. According to the analysis, the yearly period of active synthesis of D3 on Earth lasts from the beginning of March to the third week of October. During the day, it is between 10:00 and 16:00. For 1000 IU/day, the average annual estimated times (minutes) are 5.05 for Type I, 6.3 for Type II, 7.6 for Type III, 11.35 for Type IV, 15.15 for Type V, and 25.25 for Type VI. The results of this paper will impact awareness for academic-medical users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia
| | - Ayşan Kallioğlu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cigli Research and Training Hospital, Izmir Bakırçay University, 8780, Çiğli - İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Rohit Khargotra
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pannonia University, Veszprem, 8200, Hungary.
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10., Veszprém, 8200, Hungary.
| | - Tej Singh
- Savaria Institute of Technology, Faculty of Informatics, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
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21
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Abdulcader Riyaz SSM, Torwane NA, Almuntashri AA, Priyadarshini SR, Jain A, Bala D, Ramaiah VV. Evaluation of the Function of Vitamin D in Treating Oral Lichen Planus. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S714-S716. [PMID: 38595429 PMCID: PMC11001090 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_961_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of the current research was to evaluate the role of vitamin D in the management of oral lichen planus. Materials and Method Based on their vitamin D levels, 90 individuals with oral lichen planus were equally divided into three groups. Deficient subjects received oral vitamin D supplementation. Result The majority of improvements were observed in patients who were taking vitamin D supplements. It was discovered that the data comparison was statistically considerable. Conclusion It was determined that vitamin D was crucial for the management of oral lichen planus.
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Affiliation(s)
- SS Mohamed Abdulcader Riyaz
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences College of Dentistry in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilesh Arjun Torwane
- HDR Researcher, Department of Population Oral Health, The School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ahmed Ali Almuntashri
- Department of Oral and Dental Health, Collge of Applied Health Sciences in Al Rass, Qassim Univrsity, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Smita R. Priyadarshini
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Odisha, India
| | - Amol Jain
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbilogy, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Deepak Bala
- Department of Periodontology, Rayat Bahra Dental College and Hospital, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Vardharajula Venkata Ramaiah
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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22
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Liang Y, Zhang X, Peng J, Liu J, Chen H, Guo S. Vitamin D-mediated tsRNA-07804 triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression by targeting CRKL. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:51. [PMID: 38289488 PMCID: PMC10827823 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs with various functions in multiple cancers. Nevertheless, whether vitamin D executes its function in mitochondrial dysfunction and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression through tsRNAs remains obscure. METHODS Differentially expressed tsRNAs between control and vitamin D-treated H1299 cells were acquired by small RNA sequencing. Cell and animal experiments were implemented to elucidate the impacts of vitamin D and tsRNA on mitochondrial dysfunction and NSCLC progression. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and recovery experiments were applied to determine the mechanism of tsRNA in NSCLC. RESULTS We discovered that vitamin D receptor resulted in decreased mitochondrial-related functions and vitamin D caused mitochondrial dysfunction of NSCLC cells. tsRNA-07804 was remarkably upregulated in vitamin D-treated H1299 cells. Functional experiments indicated that vitamin D led to mitochondrial dysfunction, repressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis of H1299 cells via regulating tsRNA-07804. Mechanistically, tsRNA-07804 induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited the malignancy of H1299 cells by suppressing CRKL expression. In vivo experiments showed that vitamin D inhibited the tumor growth in NSCLC by increasing tsRNA-07804 expression. Moreover, clinical sample analysis unveiled that tsRNA-07804 had a negative correlation with CRKL. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study proved that vitamin D induced mitochondrial dysfunction and suppressed the progression of NSCLC through the tsRNA-07804/CRKL axis. Overall, these results unveiled that tsRNA-07804 might act as a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jinhua Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - He Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shanxian Guo
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 519 Beijing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China.
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunoregulation, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China.
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23
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Bird RP. Vitamin D and cancer. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 109:92-159. [PMID: 38777419 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The role of vitamin D in the prevention of chronic diseases including cancer, has received a great deal of attention during the past few decades. The term "Cancer" represents multiple disease states with varying biological complexities. The strongest link between vitamin D and cancer is provided by ecological and studies like observational, in preclinical models. It is apparent that vitamin D exerts diverse biological responses in a tissue specific manner. Moreover, several human factors could affect bioactivity of vitamin D. The mechanism(s) underlying vitamin D initiated anti-carcinogenic effects are diverse and includes changes at the muti-system levels. The oncogenic environment could easily corrupt the traditional role of vitamin D or could ensure resistance to vitamin D mediated responses. Several researchers have identified gaps in our knowledge pertaining to the role of vitamin D in cancer. Further areas are identified to solidify the role of vitamin D in cancer control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana P Bird
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
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24
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Mason N, Sweet LM, Wills Z, Schall S. Vitamin D Abuse in Pursuit of "Gains" Resulting in Acute Kidney Injury. Mil Med 2024; 189:e417-e419. [PMID: 37402617 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin toxicity represents an increasingly frequent clinical diagnosis and can be difficult to initially recognize given the plethora of over-the-counter supplements available. The young, active, and heavily male population of the military is especially susceptible to such supplementation pitfalls. Here we present the case of acute renal failure with hypercalcemia that was found to be secondary to unrecognized high-dose over-the-counter vitamin supplementation and subsequent vitamin D hypervitaminosis initiated by the patient in the hope of boosting testosterone production. This clinical scenario demonstrates the dangers of easily accessible, often seemingly benign supplements and the need for greater education and awareness of supplementation use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Mason
- Arizona College of Medicine, Midwestern University, Ocotillo Hall, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
| | - Lauren M Sweet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX 78219, USA
| | - Zachary Wills
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX 78219, USA
| | - Sarah Schall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX 78219, USA
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25
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Nakamura Y, Kawai Y, Nagoshi S, Ogawa T, Hasegawa H. Multiple electrolytes imbalances in a patient with inflammatory bowel disease associated with vitamin D deficiency: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:26. [PMID: 38246996 PMCID: PMC10802040 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease involves chronic inflammation and ulceration, primarily Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease is rising in industrialized countries. We describe the case of a patient with inflammatory bowel disease and multiple electrolyte disturbances that emphasize the link between a vitamin D deficiency and electrolyte imbalances. CASE An 86-year-old Japanese man with severe hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia was referred to the gastroenterology and hepatology department our university hospital for severe diarrhea and abdominal pain. Based on clinical symptoms and biochemical and endoscopic findings, Crohn's disease, intestinal Behçet's disease, and intestinal tuberculosis were considered as differential diagnoses, but a final diagnosis was not reached. Prednisolone, azathioprine, and metronidazole were administered, and no apparent electrolyte abnormality was observed at the patient's admission to our hospital. On the 80th hospital day, marked hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia were noted and prolonged, despite daily supplementation with Ca and inorganic P. At his consultation with our department, we observed decreased fractional excretion of Ca, tubular reabsorption of phosphate, fractional excretion of K, and fractional excretion of Mg, suggesting the depletion of vitamin D and extrarenal wasting of K and Mg. The patient's serum Ca and inorganic P were quickly elevated in response to treatment with an active form of vitamin D, and his serum levels of K and Mg were restored to the normal range by an intravenous administration of K and Mg. A vitamin D deficiency is not rare in inflammatory bowel disease and is caused primarily by the decreased intestinal absorption of vitamin D. In the management of electrolyte imbalances in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, clinicians must consider the possible development of vitamin D deficiency-related disorders. CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency in entero-Behçet's disease leads to severe hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, highlighting the importance of awareness in management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Nakamura
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kawai
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Sumiko Nagoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Tomonari Ogawa
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Hajime Hasegawa
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan.
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26
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Ursache A, Lozneanu L, Bujor IE, Mandici CE, Boiculese LV, Bausic AIG, Grigore M, Socolov D, Matasariu DR. Vitamin D-The Iceberg in Endometriosis-Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pers Med 2024; 14:119. [PMID: 38276241 PMCID: PMC10821152 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Although vitamin D has many known biological effects, very little research has been conducted on how vitamin D may be related or play a role in endometriosis. The aim of our study was to perform an evaluation regarding vitamin D levels and possible implications in endometriosis through a statistical analysis of the data collected from the included studies. (2) Methods: For this review, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, and PubMed/Internet portal of the National Library of Medicine databases using several keywords related to our topic. (3) Results: Only nine articles were identified as complete or possessing the capacity to compute all available data. We totalized a number of 976 patients with endometriosis and 674 controls. From the nine studies included in our analysis, three of them claim there is no difference between women with and without endometriosis concerning 25(OH) vitamin D levels; however, the other six studies found significant differences regarding this aspect. (4) Conclusions: Our results underscored the complexity of analyzing the role of the vitamin D complex in a challenging condition like endometriosis and suggest that focusing on the tissue level might be essential to obtain accurate answers to our inquiries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ursache
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (M.G.); (D.S.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ludmila Lozneanu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I—Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Iuliana Elena Bujor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (M.G.); (D.S.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Cristina Elena Mandici
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (M.G.); (D.S.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Lucian Vasile Boiculese
- Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | | | - Mihaela Grigore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (M.G.); (D.S.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Demetra Socolov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (M.G.); (D.S.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniela Roxana Matasariu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (M.G.); (D.S.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Vodă Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
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27
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Iwaki M, Kanemoto Y, Sawada T, Nojiri K, Kurokawa T, Tsutsumi R, Nagasawa K, Kato S. Differential gene regulation by a synthetic vitamin D receptor ligand and active vitamin D in human cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295288. [PMID: 38091304 PMCID: PMC10718451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) exerts a wide variety of biological functions including calcemic activity. VD nutritional status is closely associated with the onset and development of chronic diseases. To develop a VD analog with the desired VD activity but without calcemic activity, we screened synthetic VDR antagonists. We identified 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26-23-lactams (DLAM)-2a-d (DLAM-2s) as nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) ligands in a competitive VDR binding assay for 1α,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), and DLAM-2s showed an antagonistic effect on 1α,25(OH)2 D3-induced cell differentiation in HL60 cells. In a luciferase reporter assay in which human VDR was exogenously expressed in cultured COS-1 cells, DLAM-2s acted as transcriptional antagonists. Consistently, DLAM-2s had an antagonistic effect on the 1α,25(OH)2D3-induced expression of a known VD target gene [Cytochrome P450 24A1 (CYP24A1)], and VDR bound DLAM-2s was recruited to an endogenous VD response element in chromatin in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) endogenously expressing VDR. In an ATAC-seq assay, the effects of 1α,25(OH)2 D3 and DLAM-2b on chromatin reorganization were undetectable in HaCaT cells, while the effect of an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist (bicalutamide) was confirmed in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) expressing endogenous AR. However, whole genome analysis using RNA-seq and ATAC (Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin)-seq revealed differential gene expression profiles regulated by DLAM-2b versus 1α,25(OH)2D3. The upregulated and downregulated genes only partially overlapped between cells treated with 1α,25(OH)2D3 and those treated with DLAM-2b. Thus, the present findings illustrate a novel VDR ligand with gene regulatory activity differing from that of 1α,25(OH)2D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Iwaki
- Graduate School of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kanemoto
- Graduate School of Life Science and Technology, Iryo Sosei University, Iino, Chuo-dai, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sawada
- Graduate School of Life Science and Technology, Iryo Sosei University, Iino, Chuo-dai, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koki Nojiri
- Graduate School of Life Science and Technology, Iryo Sosei University, Iino, Chuo-dai, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurokawa
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
- School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Rino Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Graduate School of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kato
- Graduate School of Life Science and Technology, Iryo Sosei University, Iino, Chuo-dai, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
- School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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28
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Lu X, Chen Z, Lu J, Watsky MA. Effects of 1,25-Vitamin D3 and 24,25-Vitamin D3 on Corneal Nerve Regeneration in Diabetic Mice. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1754. [PMID: 38136625 PMCID: PMC10742127 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal nerve homeostasis is essential for the functional integrity of the ocular surface. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and vitamin D receptor knockout (VDR KO) have been found to reduce corneal nerve density in diabetic mice. This is the first study to comprehensively examine the influence of vitamin D on nerve regeneration following corneal epithelial injury in diabetic mice. Corneal nerve regeneration was significantly retarded by diabetes, VDR KO, and VDD, and it was accelerated following topical 1,25 Vit D and 24,25 Vit D administration. Furthermore, topical 1,25 Vit D and 24,25 Vit D increased nerve growth factor, glial cell line-derived neurotropic factor, and neurotropin-3 protein expression, and it increased secretion of GDNF protein from human corneal epithelial cells. CD45+ cells and macrophage numbers were significantly decreased, and vitamin D increased CD45+ cell and macrophage recruitment in these wounded diabetic mouse corneas. The accelerated nerve regeneration observed in these corneas following topical 1,25 Vit D and 24,25 Vit D administration may be related to the vitamin D-stimulated expression, secretion of neurotrophic factors, and recruitment of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Lu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CB-2901, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | | | - Mitchell A. Watsky
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, CB-2901, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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29
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Lucock MD. Vitomics: A novel paradigm for examining the role of vitamins in human biology. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300127. [PMID: 37727095 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The conventional view of vitamins reflects a diverse group of small molecules that facilitate critical aspects of metabolism and prevent potentially fatal deficiency syndromes. However, vitamins also contribute to the shaping and maintenance of the human phenome over lifecycle and evolutionary timescales, enabling a degree of phenotypic plasticity that operates to allow adaptive responses that are appropriate to key periods of sensitivity (i.e., epigenetic response during prenatal development within the lifecycle or as an evolved response to environmental challenge over a great many lifecycles). Individually, vitamins are important, but their effect is often based on nutrient-nutrient (vitamin-vitamin), nutrient-gene (vitamin-gene), and gene-gene interactions, and the environmental influence of shifting geophysical cycles, as well as evolving cultural practices. These ideas will be explored within what I refer to as the "adaptive vitome (vitomics)" paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Lucock
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
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30
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Pavlou IA, Spandidos DA, Zoumpourlis V, Adamaki M. Nutrient insufficiencies and deficiencies involved in the pathogenesis of bruxism (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:563. [PMID: 37954114 PMCID: PMC10632959 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been well-documented to have a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of bruxism. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and subsequent release of corticosteroids lead to increased muscle activity. Neurological studies have demonstrated that chronic stress exposure induces neurodegeneration of important neuronal structures and destabilization of the mesocortical dopaminergic pathway. These disruptions impair the abilities to counteract the overactivity of the HPA axis and disinhibit involuntary muscle activity, while at the same time, there is activation of the amygdala. Recent evidence shows that overactivation of the amygdala under stressful stimuli causes rhythmic jaw muscle activity by over activating the mesencephalic and motor trigeminal nuclei. The present review aimed to discuss the negative effects of certain vitamin and mineral deficiencies, such as vitamin D, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids, on the central nervous system. It provides evidence on how such insufficiencies may increase stress sensitivity and neuromuscular excitability and thereby reduce the ability to effectively respond to the overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, and also how stress can in turn lead to these insufficiencies. Finally, the positive effects of individualized supplementation are discussed in the context of diminishing anxiety and oxidative stress, neuroprotection and in the reversal of neurodegeneration, and also in alleviating/reducing neuromuscular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
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31
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Al-Sroji RY, Al-Laham S, Almandili A. Protective effects of vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) on vancomycin-induced oxidative nephrotoxic damage in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:755-766. [PMID: 37139624 PMCID: PMC10161947 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2204916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vancomycin (VCM), an important antibiotic against refractory infections, has been used to treat secondary infections in severe COVID-19 patients. Regrettably, VCM treatment has been associated with nephrotoxicity. Vitamin D3 can prevent nephrotoxicity through its antioxidant effect. OBJECTIVE This study tests the antioxidant effect of vitamin D3 in the prevention of VCM-induced nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar Albino rats (21) were randomly divided into 3 groups: (A) control; (B) VCM 300 mg/kg daily for 1 week; and (C) VCM plus vitamin D3 500 IU/kg daily for 2 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed and serum was separated to determine kidney function parameters. Their kidneys were also dissected for histological examination and for oxidative stress markers. RESULTS Lipid peroxidation, creatinine, and urea levels decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) in the vitamin D3-treated group (14.46, 84.11, 36.17%, respectively) compared to the VCM group that was given VCM (MIC<2 μg/mL) only. A significant increase was observed in superoxide dismutase levels in the vitamin D3-treated group (p < 0.05) compared to rats without treatment. Furthermore, kidney histopathology of the rats treated with vitamin D3 showed that dilatation, vacuolization and necrosis tubules decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with those in the VCM group. Glomerular injury, hyaline dystrophy, and inflammation improved significantly in the vitamin D3 group (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively) compared with the VCM group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D3 can prevent VCM nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the appropriate dose of this vitamin must be determined, especially for those infected with COVID-19 and receiving VCM, to manage their secondary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouba Yasser Al-Sroji
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Shaza Al-Laham
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ahmad Almandili
- Department of Histopathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
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Ceolin G, Antunes LDC, Moretti M, Rieger DK, Moreira JD. Vitamin D and depression in older adults: lessons learned from observational and clinical studies. Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:259-280. [PMID: 35022097 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422422000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a mental disorder triggered by the interaction of social, psychological and biological factors that have an important impact on an individual's life. Despite being a well-studied disease with several established forms of treatment, its prevalence is increasing, especially among older adults. New forms of treatment and prevention are encouraged, and some researchers have been discussing the effects of vitamin D (VitD) on depression; however, the exact mechanism by which VitD exerts its effects is not yet conclusive. In this study, we aimed to discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the association between VitD and depression in older adults. Therefore, we conducted a systematic search of databases for indexed articles published until 30 April 2021. The primary focus was on both observational studies documenting the association between VitD and depression/depressive symptoms, and clinical trials documenting the effects of VitD supplementation on depression/depressive symptoms, especially in older adults. Based on pre-clinical, clinical and observational studies, it is suggested that the maintenance of adequate VitD concentrations is an important issue, especially in older adults, which are a risk population for both VitD deficiency and depression. Nevertheless, it is necessary to carry out more studies using longitudinal approaches in low- and middle-income countries to develop a strong source of evidence to formulate guidelines and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilciane Ceolin
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luciana da Conceição Antunes
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Débora Kurrle Rieger
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Júlia Dubois Moreira
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Gotoh S, Kitaguchi K, Yabe T. Pectin Modulates Calcium Absorption in Polarized Caco-2 Cells via a Pathway Distinct from Vitamin D Stimulation. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2023; 70:59-66. [PMID: 38143569 PMCID: PMC10738857 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2022_0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectin, a type of soluble fiber, promotes morphological changes in the small intestinal villi. Although its physiological significance is unknown, we hypothesized that changes in villus morphology enhance the efficiency of nutrient absorption in the small intestine and investigated the effect of pectin derived from persimmon on calcium absorption using polarized Caco-2 cells. In polarized Caco-2 cells, pectin altered the mRNA expression levels of substances involved in calcium absorption and the regulation of intracellular calcium concentration and significantly reduced calcium absorption. Although this was comparable to the results of absorption and permeability associated with the addition of active vitamin D, the simultaneous action of pectin and active vitamin D did not show any additive effects. Furthermore, as active vitamin D significantly increases the activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is known to be involved in the regulation of intestinal absorption of calcium and lipids, we also investigated the effect of pectin on intestinal ALP activity. As a result, it was found that, unlike the effect of active vitamin D, pectin significantly reduced intestinal ALP activity. These results suggest that pectin stimulates polarized Caco-2 cells through a mechanism distinct from the regulation of calcium absorption by vitamin D, modulating total calcium absorption from the elongated villi through morphological changes in the small intestine by suppressing it at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Gotoh
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University
| | - Kohji Kitaguchi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University
- Preemptive Food Research Center (PFRC), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study
| | - Tomio Yabe
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University
- Preemptive Food Research Center (PFRC), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University
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Iwai Y, Iijima A, Kise S, Nagao C, Senda Y, Yabu K, Mano H, Nishikawa M, Ikushiro S, Yasuda K, Sakaki T. Characterization of Rickets Type II Model Rats to Reveal Functions of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Receptor. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1666. [PMID: 38002348 PMCID: PMC10669209 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has been known to exert a wide range of physiological effects, including calcemic, osteogenic, anticancer, and immune responses. We previously generated genetically modified (GM) rats and performed a comparative analysis of their physiological properties to elucidate the roles of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR). In this study, our primary goal was to investigate the manifestations of type II rickets in rats with the VDR(H301Q) mutation, analogous to the human VDR(H305Q). Additionally, we created a double-mutant rat with the VDR(R270L/H301Q) mutation, resulting in almost no affinity for 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (1,25D3) or 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (25D3). Notably, the plasma calcium concentration in Vdr(R270L/H301Q) rats was significantly lower than in wild-type (WT) rats. Meanwhile, Vdr(H301Q) rats had calcium concentrations falling between those of Vdr(R270L/H301Q) and WT rats. GM rats exhibited markedly elevated plasma parathyroid hormone and 1,25D3 levels compared to those of WT rats. An analysis of bone mineral density in the cortical bone of the femur in both GM rats revealed significantly lower values than in WT rats. Conversely, the bone mineral density in the trabecular bone was notably higher, indicating abnormal bone formation. This abnormal bone formation was more pronounced in Vdr(R270L/H301Q) rats than in Vdr(H301Q) rats, highlighting the critical role of the VDR-dependent function of 1,25D3 in bone formation. In contrast, neither Vdr(H301Q) nor Vdr(R270L/H301Q) rats exhibited symptoms of alopecia or cyst formation in the skin, which were observed in the Vdr-KO rats. These findings strongly suggest that unliganded VDR is crucial for maintaining the hair cycle and normal skin. Our GM rats hold significant promise for comprehensive analyses of vitamin D and VDR functions in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Iwai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Ayano Iijima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Satoko Kise
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Chika Nagao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Yuto Senda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Kana Yabu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Hiroki Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Miyu Nishikawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (M.N.); (S.I.)
| | - Shinichi Ikushiro
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (M.N.); (S.I.)
| | - Kaori Yasuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu 939-0398, Toyama, Japan; (Y.I.); (A.I.); (S.K.); (C.N.); (Y.S.); (K.Y.); (H.M.)
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Lin X, Chen X, Liu S, Deng Y, Wang Y, Lu Q, Li R, Ou Y, Tian Q, Liao Y, Cui G, Yang K, Pan A, Liu G. Associations of Serum 25(OH)D With Risk of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Individuals With Coronary Heart Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1712-e1719. [PMID: 37279959 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Few studies have examined the relationship between vitamin D and the risk of recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events in people with coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with the risk of recurrent CV events in individuals with established CHD. METHODS A total of 22 571 participants with CHD were included from the UK Biobank. Recurrent CV events, including myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), stroke, and CV disease mortality, were identified from electronic health records. Cox proportional-hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) of serum 25(OH)D concentration was 44.8 nmol/L (range, 30.3-61.4 nmol/L), and 58.6% of participants had 25(OH)D below 50 nmol/L. During a median follow-up of 11.2 years, a total of 3998 recurrent CV events were documented. After multivariable adjustment, there was a nonlinear inverse relationship between serum 25(OH)D and recurrent CV events (P nonlinearity <.01), and the decreasing risk gradually leveled off at around 50 nmol/L. Compared with participants with serum 25(OH)D less than 25.0 nmol/L, the HRs (95% CIs) for participants with serum 25(OH)D of 50.0 to 74.9 nmol/L were 0.64 (0.58-0.71) for recurrent CV events, 0.78 (0.65-0.94) for MI, 0.66 (0.57-0.76) for HF, and 0.66 (0.52-0.84) for stroke. In addition, these associations were not modified by genetic variants in the VDR. CONCLUSION In people with established CHD, higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations were nonlinearly associated with a lower risk of recurrent CV events, with a potential threshold around 50 nmol/L. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D status in the prevention of recurrent CV events among individuals with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yulei Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuexuan Wang
- Department of Applied Statistics, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yunjing Ou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qingying Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yunfei Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guanglin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442008, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Quan QL, Yoon KN, Lee JS, Kim EJ, Lee DH. Impact of ultraviolet radiation on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders: The role of nitric oxide and vitamin D. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2023; 39:573-581. [PMID: 37731181 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has both harmful and beneficial effects on human skin and health. It causes skin damage, aging, and cancer; however, it is also a primary source of vitamin D. Additionally, UV radiation can impact energy metabolism and has protective effects on several cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in mice and humans. However, the mechanisms of UV protection against these diseases have not been clearly identified. METHODS This review summarizes the systemic effects of UV radiation on hypertension and several metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice, and we also consider the mechanisms of action of the related regulators nitric oxide (NO) and vitamin D. RESULTS UV exposure can lower blood pressure and prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, primarily through mechanisms that depend on UV-induced NO. UV radiation may also effectively delay the onset of type 1 diabetes through mechanisms that rely on UV-induced vitamin D. UV-induced NO and vitamin D play roles in preventing and slowing the progression of NAFLD. CONCLUSION UV exposure is a promising nonpharmacological intervention for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. NO and vitamin D may play a crucial role in mediating these effects. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the exact mechanisms and determine the optimal dosage and exposure duration of UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ling Quan
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong-No Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Su Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Wang X, Hivert V, Groot S, Wang Y, Yengo L, McGrath JJ, Kemper KE, Visscher PM, Wray NR, Revez JA. Cross-ancestry analyses identify new genetic loci associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1011033. [PMID: 37963177 PMCID: PMC10684098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D status-a complex trait influenced by environmental and genetic factors-is tightly associated with skin colour and ancestry. Yet very few studies have investigated the genetic underpinnings of vitamin D levels across diverse ancestries, and the ones that have, relied on small sample sizes, resulting in inconclusive results. Here, we conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD)-the main circulating form of vitamin D-in 442,435 individuals from four broad genetically-determined ancestry groups represented in the UK Biobank: European (N = 421,867), South Asian (N = 9,983), African (N = 8,306) and East Asian (N = 2,279). We identify a new genetic determinant of 25OHD (rs146759773) in individuals of African ancestry, which was not detected in previous analysis of much larger European cohorts due to low minor allele frequency. We show genome-wide significant evidence of dominance effects in 25OHD that protect against vitamin D deficiency. Given that key events in the synthesis of 25OHD occur in the skin and are affected by pigmentation levels, we conduct GWAS of 25OHD stratified by skin colour and identify new associations. Lastly, we test the interaction between skin colour and variants associated with variance in 25OHD levels and identify two loci (rs10832254 and rs1352846) whose association with 25OHD differs in individuals of distinct complexions. Collectively, our results provide new insights into the complex relationship between 25OHD and skin colour and highlight the importance of diversity in genomic studies. Despite the much larger rates of vitamin D deficiency that we and others report for ancestry groups with dark skin (e.g., South Asian), our study highlights the importance of considering ancestral background and/or skin colour when assessing the implications of low vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Valentin Hivert
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shiane Groot
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ying Wang
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Loic Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John J. McGrath
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus V, Denmark
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Kemper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter M. Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Naomi R. Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joana A. Revez
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Khan R, Naseem I. Antiglycation, antifibrillation and antioxidative effects of para coumaric acid and vitamin D; an in-vitro and in-silico comparative-cum-synergistic approach. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130455. [PMID: 37678652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder that results in impaired utilization of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Severe hyperglycemia is its principal clinical symptom. Human serum albumin (HSA) is used as a model protein since it is viewed as a sign of glycaemic management because it is more likely to get glycated in diabetic people than other proteins. Para-coumaric acid (pCA), a phenolic acid, and Vitamin D (vit-D) are used as protective agents. In the present work, we deduce a synergistic-cum-comparative effect of pCA and vit-D, expecting some improvement in the efficacy of pCA when combined with vit-D. Methods employed are DPPH radical scavenging activity, In-vitro glycation of HSA, UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence analysis, and circular dichroism measurement. After treatment, increasein the absorbance and fluorescence intensity were reduced along with normalization of CD value. . The glycation-mediated fibrillation assessed by Congo-Red and Thioflavin T (ThT) were found to be diminishedwhen HSA was treated with equimolar concentration of p-CA and vit-D- treatment. Fructosamine adduct formation and lysine modificationwas also decreased, while inhibition to hemolysis and lipid peroxidation was found to increase upon treatment. The reactive oxygen species generation detection was also performed in lymphocytes treated with various protein samples. Docking results further confirmed theblocking some glycation-prone amino acids by both compounds. The study shows that the combination in the ratio of 1:1 has provided higher overall protection comparable to aminoguanidine (AG), the molecule which is utilized as a positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
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Johnson CR, Thacher TD. Vitamin D: immune function, inflammation, infections and auto-immunity. Paediatr Int Child Health 2023; 43:29-39. [PMID: 36857810 DOI: 10.1080/20469047.2023.2171759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an active role beyond mineral metabolism and skeletal health, including regulation of the immune system. Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent, and observational studies link low vitamin D status to a risk of infections and auto-immune disorders. Reports indicate an inverse relationship between vitamin D status and such conditions. This review details vitamin D signalling interactions with the immune system and provides experimental and clinical evidence evaluating vitamin D status, vitamin D supplementation and host susceptibility to infections, inflammation and auto-immunity. The published literature including related reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies and basic science reports have been synthesised. Meta-analyses of observational studies have demonstrated a link between low vitamin D status and risk of acute respiratory infections, COVID-19 disorders, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus and other auto-immune disorders. Observational studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may protect against several infectious and auto-immune conditions. Meta-analyses of RCTs had mixed results, demonstrating a small protective role for vitamin D supplementation against acute respiratory infections, especially in those with vitamin D deficiency and children, and providing modest benefits for the management of T1DM and IBD. Vitamin D status is inversely associated with the incidence of several infectious and auto-immune conditions. Supplementation is recommended for those with vitamin D deficiency or at high risk of deficiency, and it might provide additional benefit in acute respiratory infections and certain auto-immune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey R Johnson
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tom D Thacher
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York, USA
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Kise S, Iijima A, Nagao C, Okada T, Nishikawa M, Ikushiro S, Nakanishi T, Sato S, Yasuda K, Sakaki T. Gene therapy for alopecia in type II rickets model rats using vitamin D receptor-expressing adenovirus vector. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18528. [PMID: 37898650 PMCID: PMC10613246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II rickets is a hereditary disease caused by a mutation in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. The main symptoms of this disease are bone dysplasia and alopecia. Bone dysplasia can be ameliorated by high calcium intake; however, there is no suitable treatment for alopecia. In this study, we verified whether gene therapy using an adenoviral vector (AdV) had a therapeutic effect on alopecia in Vdr-KO rats. The VDR-expressing AdV was injected into six 7-week-old female Vdr-KO rats (VDR-AdV rats). On the other hand, control-AdV was injected into 7-week-old female rats (control-AdV rats); non-infected Vdr-KO rats (control rats) were also examined. The hair on the backs of the rats was shaved with hair clippers, and VDR-AdV or control-AdV was intradermally injected. Part of the back skin was collected from each rat after AdV administration. Hair follicles were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and VDR expression was examined using immunostaining and western blotting. VDR-AdV rats showed significant VDR expression in the skin, enhanced hair growth, and low cyst formation, whereas control-AdV and non-infected rats did not show any of these effects. The effect of VDR-AdV lasted for nearly 60 days. These results indicate that gene therapy using VDR-AdV may be useful to treat alopecia associated with type II rickets, if multiple injections are possible after a sufficient period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Kise
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Ayano Iijima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Chika Nagao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okada
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Okayama Gakuin University, 787 Aruki, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-8511, Japan
| | - Miyu Nishikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ikushiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakanishi
- Center of Biomedical Research Resources, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shigeto Sato
- Center of Biomedical Research Resources, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kaori Yasuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
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Argano C, Mirarchi L, Amodeo S, Orlando V, Torres A, Corrao S. The Role of Vitamin D and Its Molecular Bases in Insulin Resistance, Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Disease: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15485. [PMID: 37895163 PMCID: PMC10607188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, an increasing awareness was directed to the role of Vitamin D in non-skeletal and preventive roles for chronic diseases. Vitamin D is an essential hormone in regulating calcium/phosphorous balance and in the pathogenesis of inflammation, insulin resistance, and obesity. The main forms of vitamin D, Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) and Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) are converted into the active form (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) thanks to two hydroxylations in the liver, kidney, pancreas, and immune cells. Some anti-inflammatory cytokines are produced at higher levels by vitamin D, while some pro-inflammatory cytokines are released at lower levels. Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) expression is increased, and a pro-inflammatory state is also linked to low levels of vitamin D. Regardless of how it affects inflammation, various pathways suggest that vitamin D directly improves insulin sensitivity and secretion. The level of vitamin D in the body may change the ratio of pro- to anti-inflammatory cytokines, which would impact insulin action, lipid metabolism, and the development and function of adipose tissue. Many studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between vitamin D concentrations and pro-inflammatory markers, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. It is interesting to note that several long-term studies also revealed an inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and the occurrence of diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D supplementation in people has controversial effects. While some studies demonstrated improvements in insulin sensitivity, glucose, and lipid metabolism, others revealed no significant effect on glycemic homeostasis and inflammation. This review aims to provide insight into the molecular basis of the relationship between vitamin D, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 1 and 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiano Argano
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Luigi Mirarchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Amodeo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Valentina Orlando
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandra Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Salvatore Corrao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, [PROMISE], University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Donati S, Palmini G, Aurilia C, Falsetti I, Marini F, Giusti F, Iantomasi T, Brandi ML. Calcifediol: Mechanisms of Action. Nutrients 2023; 15:4409. [PMID: 37892484 PMCID: PMC10610216 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its essential role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis, the secosteroid hormone calcitriol has received growing attention over the last few years. Calcitriol, like other steroid hormones, may function through both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. In the traditional function, the interaction between the biologically active form of vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) affects the transcription of thousands of genes by binding to repeated sequences present in their promoter region, named vitamin D-responsive elements (VDREs). Non-transcriptional effects, on the other hand, occur quickly and are unaffected by inhibitors of transcription and protein synthesis. Recently, calcifediol, the immediate precursor metabolite of calcitriol, has also been shown to bind to the VDR with weaker affinity than calcitriol, thus exerting gene-regulatory properties. Moreover, calcifediol may also trigger rapid non-genomic responses through its interaction with specific membrane vitamin D receptors. Membrane-associated VDR (mVDR) and protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 (Pdia3) are the best-studied candidates for mediating these rapid responses to vitamin D metabolites. This paper provides an overview of the calcifediol-related mechanisms of action, which may help to better understand the vitamin D endocrine system and to identify new therapeutic targets that could be important for treating diseases closely associated with vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (G.P.); (C.A.); (I.F.); (F.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Gaia Palmini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (G.P.); (C.A.); (I.F.); (F.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Cinzia Aurilia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (G.P.); (C.A.); (I.F.); (F.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Irene Falsetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (G.P.); (C.A.); (I.F.); (F.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Francesca Marini
- Fondazione Italiana Ricerca Sulle Malattie dell’Osso (FIRMO Onlus), 50129 Florence, Italy;
| | - Francesca Giusti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (G.P.); (C.A.); (I.F.); (F.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Teresa Iantomasi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (G.P.); (C.A.); (I.F.); (F.G.); (T.I.)
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Fondazione Italiana Ricerca Sulle Malattie dell’Osso (FIRMO Onlus), 50129 Florence, Italy;
- Donatello Bone Clinic, Villa Donatello Hospital, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Veeresh PKM, Basavaraju CG, Dallavalasa S, Anantharaju PG, Natraj SM, Sukocheva OA, Madhunapantula SV. Vitamin D3 Inhibits the Viability of Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinomas in Mice by Promoting Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest and by Impeding Tumor Angiogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4833. [PMID: 37835527 PMCID: PMC10571758 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of aggressive and resistant breast cancers is growing at alarming rates, indicating a necessity to develop better treatment strategies. Recent epidemiological and preclinical studies detected low serum levels of vitamin D in cancer patients, suggesting that vitamin D may be effective in mitigating the cancer burden. However, the molecular mechanisms of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, vit-D3)-induced cancer cell death are not fully elucidated. The vit-D3 efficacy of cell death activation was assessed using breast carcinoma cell lines in vitro and a widely used Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) breast cancer model in vivo in Swiss albino mice. Both estrogen receptor-positive (ER+, MCF-7) and -negative (ER-, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468) cell lines absorbed about 50% of vit-D3 in vitro over 48 h of incubation. The absorbed vit-D3 retarded the breast cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values ranging from 0.10 to 0.35 mM. Prolonged treatment (up to 72 h) did not enhance vit-D3 anti-proliferative efficacy. Vit-D3-induced cell growth arrest was mediated by the upregulation of p53 and the downregulation of cyclin-D1 and Bcl2 expression levels. Vit-D3 retarded cell migration and inhibited blood vessel growth in vitro as well as in a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The intraperitoneal administration of vit-D3 inhibited solid tumor growth and reduced body weight gain, as assessed in mice using a liquid tumor model. In summary, vit-D3 cytotoxic effects in breast cancer cell lines in vitro and an EAC model in vivo were associated with growth inhibition, the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and the impediment of angiogenic processes. The generated data warrant further studies on vit-D3 anti-cancer therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Kumar M. Veeresh
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (P.K.M.V.); (C.G.B.); (S.D.); (P.G.A.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Chaithanya G. Basavaraju
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (P.K.M.V.); (C.G.B.); (S.D.); (P.G.A.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Siva Dallavalasa
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (P.K.M.V.); (C.G.B.); (S.D.); (P.G.A.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Preethi G. Anantharaju
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (P.K.M.V.); (C.G.B.); (S.D.); (P.G.A.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Suma M. Natraj
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (P.K.M.V.); (C.G.B.); (S.D.); (P.G.A.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Olga A. Sukocheva
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Rd, Adelaide 5000, Australia;
| | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; (P.K.M.V.); (C.G.B.); (S.D.); (P.G.A.); (S.M.N.)
- Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
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Bouillon R, LeBoff MS, Neale RE. Health Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation: Lessons Learned From Randomized Controlled Trials and Mendelian Randomization Studies. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1391-1403. [PMID: 37483080 PMCID: PMC10592274 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an important role in calcium homeostasis and many cellular processes. Although vitamin D supplements are widely recommended for community-dwelling adults, definitive data on whether these supplements benefit clinically important skeletal and extraskeletal outcomes have been conflicting. Although observational studies on effects of vitamin D on musculoskeletal and extraskeletal outcomes may be confounded by reverse causation, randomized controlled studies (RCTs) and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies can help to elucidate causation. In this review, we summarize the recent findings from large RCTs and/or MR studies of vitamin D on bone health and risk of fractures, falls, cancer, and cardiovascular disease, disorders of the immune system, multiple sclerosis, and mortality in community-dwelling adults. The primary analyses indicate that vitamin D supplementation does not decrease bone loss, fractures, falls, cancer incidence, hypertension, or cardiovascular risk in generally healthy populations. Large RCTs and meta-analyses suggest an effect of supplemental vitamin D on cancer mortality. The existence of extraskeletal benefits of vitamin D supplementations are best documented for the immune system especially in people with poor vitamin D status, autoimmune diseases, and multiple sclerosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that vitamin D may reduce all-cause mortality. These findings, in mostly vitamin D-replete populations, do not apply to older adults in residential communities or adults with vitamin D deficiency or osteoporosis. The focus of vitamin D supplementation should shift from widespread use in generally healthy populations to targeted vitamin D supplementation in select individuals, good nutritional approaches, and elimination of vitamin D deficiency globally. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Bouillon
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Mebabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Meryl S LeBoff
- Calcium and Bone Section, Endocrine, Diabetes and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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Carlberg C, Mycko MP. Linking Mechanisms of Vitamin D Signaling with Multiple Sclerosis. Cells 2023; 12:2391. [PMID: 37830605 PMCID: PMC10571821 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental triggers often work via signal transduction cascades that modulate the epigenome and transcriptome of cell types involved in the disease process. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system being characterized by a combination of recurring inflammation, demyelination and progressive loss of axons. The mechanisms of MS onset are not fully understood and genetic variants may explain only some 20% of the disease susceptibility. From the environmental factors being involved in disease development low vitamin D levels have been shown to significantly contribute to MS susceptibility. The pro-hormone vitamin D3 acts via its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) as a high affinity ligand to the transcription factor VDR (vitamin D receptor) and is a potent modulator of the epigenome at thousands of genomic regions and the transcriptome of hundreds of genes. A major target tissue of the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and VDR are cells of innate and adaptive immunity, such as monocytes, dendritic cells as well as B and T cells. Vitamin D induces immunological tolerance in T cells and reduces inflammatory reactions of various types of immune cells, all of which are implicated in MS pathogenesis. The immunomodulatory effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 contribute to the prevention of MS. However, the strength of the responses to vitamin D3 supplementation is highly variegated between individuals. This review will relate mechanisms of individual's vitamin D responsiveness to MS susceptibility and discuss the prospect of vitamin D3 supplementation as a way to extinguish the autoimmunity in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Carlberg
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marcin P. Mycko
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
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Papasavva M, Vikelis M, Siokas V, Katsarou MS, Dermitzakis EV, Raptis A, Dardiotis E, Drakoulis N. Genetic Variability in Vitamin D Receptor and Migraine Susceptibility: A Southeastern European Case-Control Study. Neurol Int 2023; 15:1117-1128. [PMID: 37755360 PMCID: PMC10536141 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15030069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a common primary headache disorder with both environmental and genetic inputs. Cumulative evidence indicates an association between vitamin D and headache. Unravelling the precise role of vitamin D and its receptor in the pathophysiology of migraine can eventually contribute to more efficient prevention and management of this headache disorder. The aim of the study was to investigate the relation of the three most studied VDR variants, i.e., FokI (rs2228570), TaqI (rs731236) and BsmI (rs1544410), with migraine susceptibility and distinct clinical phenotypes in a Southeastern European case-control population residing in Greece. DNA was extracted from 191 unrelated patients diagnosed with migraine and 265 headache-free controls and genotyped using real-time PCR (LightSNiP assays) followed by melting curve analysis. Genotype frequency distribution analysis of the TaqI and BsmI variants showed a statistically significant difference between migraine cases and controls. In addition, subgroup analyses revealed a significant association between all three studied VDR variants, particularly with a migraine without aura subtype. Therefore, the current study provides supporting evidence for a possible association of VDR variants with migraines, particularly migraine without aura susceptibility in Southeastern Europeans residing in Greece, further reinforcing the emerging role of vitamin D and its receptor in migraines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papasavva
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Vikelis
- Headache Clinic, Mediterraneo Hospital, 166 75 Glifada, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 411 00 Larissa, Greece
| | - Martha-Spyridoula Katsarou
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Athanasios Raptis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 411 00 Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
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Nagy D, Hricisák L, Walford GP, Lékai Á, Karácsony G, Várbíró S, Ungvári Z, Benyó Z, Pál É. Disruption of Vitamin D Signaling Impairs Adaptation of Cerebrocortical Microcirculation to Carotid Artery Occlusion in Hyperandrogenic Female Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3869. [PMID: 37764653 PMCID: PMC10534509 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related cerebrovascular diseases, including ischemic stroke. Sex hormonal status may also influence the prevalence of these disorders, indicated by a heightened vulnerability among postmenopausal and hyperandrogenic women. To investigate the potential interaction between sex steroids and disrupted vitamin D signaling in the cerebral microcirculation, we examined the cerebrovascular adaptation to unilateral carotid artery occlusion (CAO) in intact, ovariectomized, and hyperandrogenic female mice with normal or functionally inactive vitamin D receptor (VDR). We also analyzed the morphology of leptomeningeal anastomoses, which play a significant role in the compensation. Ablation of VDR by itself did not impact the cerebrocortical adaptation to CAO despite the reduced number of pial collaterals. While ovariectomy did not undermine compensatory mechanisms following CAO, androgen excess combined with VDR inactivity resulted in prolonged hypoperfusion in the cerebral cortex ipsilateral to the occlusion. These findings suggest that the cerebrovascular consequences of disrupted VDR signaling are less pronounced in females, providing a level of protection even after ovariectomy. Conversely, even short-term androgen excess with lacking VDR signaling may lead to unfavorable outcomes of ischemic stroke, highlighting the complex interplay between sex steroids and vitamin D in terms of cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Nagy
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hricisák
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Guillaume Peter Walford
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Ágnes Lékai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Gábor Karácsony
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Ungvári
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Pál
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (G.P.W.); (Á.L.); (G.K.); (Z.B.)
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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48
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Roussev BH, Salim AS, Nenkova GT, Barbolov MT, Nashar MA, Ivanova DG, Sokrateva TD. Effect of vitamin D metabolites and gene expression of vitamin D receptor, and 1-alpha-hydroxylase related to the sperm quality. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1214-1224. [PMID: 37386932 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of male fertility disorders has increased greatly due to various genetic and lifestyle factors. Recently, it has been hypothesized that vitamin D may be involved with idiopathic infertility. The goal of the study was to determine the effect and relationship between blood vitamin D metabolites, intracellular sperm vitamin D levels, and gene expression of 1-α-hydroxylase and VDR, with regard to semen quality. Seventy volunteers aged 25-45 were involved in the study. According to spermogram analysis, participants were stratified into normozoospermic control group, non-normozoospermic target group, and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic group. Vitamin D metabolites (total 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) in blood and spermatozoa were determined by ELISA. Free and bioavailable 25-hydroxycholecalciferol were calculated using the Vermeulen equation. mRNA expression of VDR and 1-α hydroxylase was evaluated by qPCR. Free and bioavailable 25-hydroxycholecalciferol were significantly higher in the control group compared to the target group and compared to the oligoasthenoteratozoospermic group . Intracellular sperm 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol was higher in the control group compared to the target group. The mRNA levels of 1- α-hydroxylase were significantly higher in the control samples, while VDR expression was significantly higher in the target group. Significant positive correlations were established between free and bioavailable 25-hydroxycholecalciferol with sperm motility and morphology. Vitamin D metabolites in blood and intracellular sperm 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol seem to exert beneficial effects on sperm motility and morphology. Regarding sperm quality, these effects are more pronounced in the free and bioavailable 25OHD compared to the total 25OHD in blood. Higher expression of 1-α-hydroxylase likely leads to higher intracellular levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, which could contribute to sperm motility and morphology. Higher VDR expression may be a compensatory mechanism related to lower intracellular sperm 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan H Roussev
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Ayshe S Salim
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galina T Nenkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Momchil T Barbolov
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Milka A Nashar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Diana G Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Todorka D Sokrateva
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
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49
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Kamal K, Tewari J, Bharti V, Sharma D, Atam I, Atam V, Rana A, Roy S. Serum Vitamin D Level as a Risk Factor and Prognostic Marker for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study at a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India. Cureus 2023; 15:e46117. [PMID: 37900424 PMCID: PMC10612136 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stroke is a predominant cause of death worldwide. Major risk factors for stroke in any age group are diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, smoking, and long-term alcohol abuse. It is of utmost importance to identify the risk factors for stroke to prevent recurrence. Vitamin D deficiency is identified as a risk factor for stroke. Therefore, we attempted to look for a correlation between vitamin D levels and acute ischemic stroke. Methods This observational case-control study was conducted with 150 patients (75 cases and 75 controls). On the day of admission, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was calculated, and vitamin D levels were measured for each patient. The functional outcome was determined by the modified Rankin scale (mRS). Results The most common risk factors identified in this study were hypertension (61.3%), diabetes mellitus (41.3%), and smoking (37.3%). Out of 75 patients enrolled in the study, 49.4% had significant vitamin D deficiency, and 30.6% had insufficient vitamin D levels. Our study showed a significant correlation between vitamin D sufficiency in the body and the incidence of stroke (x2=3.888 and p=0.048). A significant correlation (p=0.03) was found between the NIHSS score and vitamin D levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Conclusion In this observational case-control study, we concluded that the increasing severity of vitamin D deficiency was associated with more deaths and poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kislaya Kamal
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Jay Tewari
- Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Vipin Bharti
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Isha Atam
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Virendra Atam
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Anadika Rana
- Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Shubhajeet Roy
- Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
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50
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Hassanein MM, Huri HZ, Abduelkarem AR, Baig K. Therapeutic Effects of Vitamin D on Vaginal, Sexual, and Urological Functions in Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:3804. [PMID: 37686835 PMCID: PMC10490181 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of growing evidence concerning vitamin D's potential role in women's health, specifically in postmenopausal women. This evidence also includes its connection to various genitourinary disorders and symptoms. Numerous clinical studies have observed improvements in vulvovaginal symptoms linked to the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) with vitamin D supplementation. These studies have reported positive effects on various aspects, such as vaginal pH, dryness, sexual functioning, reduced libido, and decreased urinary tract infections. Many mechanisms underlying these pharmacological effects have since been proposed. Vitamin D receptors (VDRs) have been identified as a major contributor to its effects. It is now well known that VDRs are expressed in the superficial layers of the urogenital organs. Additionally, vitamin D plays a crucial role in supporting immune function and modulating the body's defense mechanisms. However, the characterization of these effects requires more investigation. Reviewing existing evidence regarding vitamin D's impact on postmenopausal women's vaginal, sexual, and urological health is the purpose of this article. As research in this area continues, there is a potential for vitamin D to support women's urogenital and sexual health during the menopausal transition and postmenopausal periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Hassanein
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Hasniza Zaman Huri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Abduelmula R. Abduelkarem
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, University City Road—University City, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, University City Road—University City, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kauser Baig
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
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