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Marstein HS, Witczak BN, Godang K, Olarescu NC, Schwartz T, Flatø B, Molberg Ø, Bollerslev J, Sjaastad I, Sanner H. Adipokine profile in long-term juvenile dermatomyositis, and associations with adipose tissue distribution and cardiac function: a cross-sectional study. RMD Open 2023; 9:rmdopen-2022-002815. [PMID: 36828644 PMCID: PMC9972436 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In long-term juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), altered adipose tissue distribution and subclinical cardiac dysfunction have been described. Our aims were to compare adipokine levels in patients with JDM after long-term disease with controls, and explore associations between adipokines and (1) adipose tissue distribution and (2) cardiac function. METHODS The study cohort included 59 patients with JDM (60% female, mean age 25.2 years, mean disease duration 16.9 years), and 59 age/sex-matched controls. Updated Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization criteria for clinically inactive JDM were used to stratify patients into active (JDM-active) or inactive (JDM-inactive) disease groups. Lipodystrophy was clinically assessed in all patients. In all study participants, we measured adipose tissue distribution by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and cardiac function by echocardiography. Serum adipokines (adiponectin, apelin-12, lipocalin-2, leptin, visfatin and resistin) were analysed using ELISA. RESULTS Patients with JDM had higher leptin levels compared with controls (p≤0.01). In JDM-active, apelin-12 and visfatin were higher compared with JDM-inactive (p≤0.05). In JDM-total and JDM-active, lower adiponectin correlated with lipodystrophy and total fat mass. Also, systolic dysfunction correlated with: lower adiponectin in JDM-total, JDM-inactive and JDM-active, and with lower apelin-12 in JDM-total and JDM-active and resistin in JDM-active (all p≤0.05). Lower adiponectin correlated with diastolic dysfunction in JDM-total and JDM-active. CONCLUSION After long-term disease, leptin levels were unfavourably regulated in patients with JDM compared with controls, and apelin-12 and visfatin in JDM-active versus JDM-inactive. We found associations between adipokines and both adipose tissue distribution and cardiac systolic function in all patients with JDM, which was most prominent in patients with active disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Schermacher Marstein
- Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway .,Department of Health Sciences, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Birgit Nomeland Witczak
- Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Godang
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Medical Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicoleta Christina Olarescu
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Medical Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Schwartz
- Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Berit Flatø
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Molberg
- Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens Bollerslev
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Medical Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway,KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helga Sanner
- Department of Health Sciences, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway,Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Hernando-Redondo J, Toloba A, Benaiges D, Salas-Salvadó J, Martínez-Gonzalez MA, Corella D, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Ros E, Goday A, Castañer O, Fitó M. Mid- and long-term changes in satiety-related hormones, lipid and glucose metabolism, and inflammation after a Mediterranean diet intervention with the goal of losing weight: A randomized, clinical trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:950900. [PMID: 36466401 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.950900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundObesity is produced by the enlargement of the adipose tissue. Functioning as an endocrine organ, it releases and receives information through a complex network of cytokines, hormones, and substrates contributing to a low-chronic inflammation environment. Diet and healthy habits play key roles in the prevention of obesity and its related pathologies. In this regard, there is a need to switch to healthier and more appetizing diets, such as the Mediterranean one.ObjectiveTo compare the mid-and long-term effects of two Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) interventions, one energy-reduced plus physical activity promotion versus a non-restrictive diet, on peripheral satiety-related hormones, weight loss, glucose/lipid metabolism, and pro-inflammatory markers in subjects with obesity/overweight and metabolic syndrome.Materials and methodsA randomized, lifestyle intervention was conducted in 23 Spanish centers, with a large cohort of patients presenting metabolic syndrome. Our study is a subproject set in IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute). Participants were men and women, aged 55–75 and 60–75, respectively, who at baseline met at least three metabolic syndrome components. Subjects were assigned to two intervention groups: (1) an intensive lifestyle intervention with an energy-reduced MedDiet and physical activity promotion (intervention group) with the aim of weight loss; and (2) a normocaloric MedDiet (control). We quantified in a subsample of 300 volunteers from Hospital del Mar Research Institute (Barcelona), following analytes at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year: glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, C-peptide, ghrelin, GLP-1, glucagon, insulin, leptin, PAI-1, resistin, and visfatin. Anthropometric and classical cardiovascular risk factors were also determined. A multivariate statistical model was employed to compare the two groups. Linear mixed-effect models were performed to compare changes in risk factors and biomarkers between intervention groups and over time.ResultsCompared to participants in the control group, those in intervention one showed greater improvements in weight, waist circumference, insulin (P < 0.001), glucose metabolism-related compounds (P < 0.05), triglyceride-related lipid profile (P < 0.05), leptin, blood pressure, and pro-inflammatory markers such as PAI-1 (P < 0.001) at mid-and/or long-term. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, resistin, and vifastin also decreased in both groups.ConclusionA weight loss intervention employing a hypocaloric MedDiet and physical activity promotion has beneficial effects on adiposity, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, leptin, and pro-inflammatory markers, such as PAI-1 in both mid-and long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hernando-Redondo
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Ph.D. Program in Food Science and Nutrition, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Toloba
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Benaiges
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Salas-Salvadó
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - M A Martínez-Gonzalez
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - D Corella
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F J Tinahones
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, University of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - E Ros
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Lipid Clinic, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Goday
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Castañer
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Fitó
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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Ali AI, Nori W. Correlation of Serum Visfatin Level in Non-obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Matched Control. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:3285-3293. [PMID: 35687303 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrinopathy affecting reproductive-age women. Visfatin, an adipocytokine, and insulin resistance (IR) marker in diabetes since PCOS and diabetes share insulin resistance as an etiological factor, this study aimed to investigate visfatin as a predictive marker for IR and hyperandrogenemia in non-obese PCOS women and test its correlation to other parameters. A cross-sectional study conducted at the University Hospital recruited 140 women, divided into two groups. Group I (70/140, study group) was PCOS patients' diagnosis based on 2003 Rotterdam criteria and Group II (70/140, healthy controls). Both were aged, and body mass index (BMI) matched. After a detailed history and general examination, the clinical, demographic, biochemical, hormonal, and metabolic parameters were taken for comparison's sake. PCOS patients were subdivided according to the clinical or hormonal evidence of hyperandrogenemia into two groups: those with hyperandrogenemia and those without. Higher serum visfatin was estimated in the PCOS group (4.4 ± 1.7) versus healthy controls (3.1 ± 0.7) ng/mL, P < 0.0001. Significantly higher visfatin was confirmed in hyperandrogenic PCOS versus non-hyperandrogenic PCOS women (5.69 ± 1.1 vs. 2.76 ± 0.51 ng/mL). A strong correlation was found between visfatin versus hemoglobin A1c and free androgen index (FAI); r = 0.784 and 0.624, respectively. BMI and free testosterone scored a modest correlation. BMI centiles' correlation with serum visfatin revealed no significant effect on serum visfatin, P = 0.62. The ROC calculated visfatin cut-off value; 4.34 ng/mL with 51.4% sensitivity and 100% specificity, and a P-value < 0.001 in discriminating PCOS cases. In conclusion, a strong positive correlation of visfatin with insulin resistance, followed by FAI in PCOS cases irrespective of BMI, suggests the intimate relation of visfatin in PCOS pathophysiology among non-obese women. Further research is warranted to explore this association's therapeutic and prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Ibrahim Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Wassan Nori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Can B, Tutuncu Y, Can B, Keskin H, Bekpinar S, Dinccag N. Inflammatory markers are associated with the progression of gestational diabetes to metabolic syndrome. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:1857-1861. [PMID: 35468011 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2048363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The progression of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of inflammatory markers in former GDM patients with and without MetS. Medical records were screened retrospectively for patients who were diagnosed with GDM 10 (±2) years ago. Former GDM patients were invited to the hospital for an assessment of their current health status. Of 52 women with former GDM, 27 (52%) had MetS. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were significantly higher in the MetS group while adiponectin was significantly lower (p < .001, p = .037, p = .002 and p = .013, respectively). There was no significant difference in plasma levels of visfatin and tumour necrosis factor-α. Interleukin-6, CRP, PAI-1 and adiponectin may be used as biomarkers to detect MetS in the pre-clinical phase. With timely diagnosis, early interventions can be implemented. IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? The progression of 'gestational diabetes mellitus' to 'metabolic syndrome' is associated with systemic inflammation. Up to half of cases with former gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) eventually progress to metabolic syndrome (MetS).What do the results of this study add? Interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and adiponectin may be used as biomarkers to detect MetS in the pre-clinical phase.What are the implications of these findings from clinical practice and/or further research? The progression of GDM to MetS is associated with systemic inflammation. Potential therapies should therefore target this inflammatory state. Interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and adiponectin may be used as biomarkers to detect MetS in the pre-clinical phase. With timely diagnosis, early interventions and lifestyle changes can be implemented to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with full-blown MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Can
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yildiz Tutuncu
- Department of Immunology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Can
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Havva Keskin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seldag Bekpinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevin Dinccag
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Roth B, Myllyvainio J, D’Amato M, Larsson E, Ohlsson B. A Starch- and Sucrose-Reduced Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Leads to Lower Circulating Levels of PAI-1 and Visfatin: A Randomized Controlled Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091688. [PMID: 35565656 PMCID: PMC9101041 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms. Overweight and increased risk of metabolic syndromes/diabetes are observed in IBS, conditions associated with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and visfatin. The aim of this study was to measure blood levels of AXIN1, cholecystokinin (CCK), enkephalin, ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), PAI-1, and visfatin before and after a 4-week intervention with a starch- and sucrose-reduced diet (SSRD). A total of 105 IBS patients were randomized to either SSRD (n = 80) or ordinary diet (n = 25). Questionnaires were completed, and blood was analyzed for AXIN1 and hormones. AXIN1 (p = 0.001) and active ghrelin levels (p = 0.025) were lower in IBS than in healthy volunteers at baseline, whereas CCK and enkephalin levels were higher (p < 0.001). In the intervention group, total IBS-symptom severity score (IBS-SSS), specific gastrointestinal symptoms, psychological well-being, and the influence of intestinal symptoms on daily life were improved during the study, and weight decreased (p < 0.001 for all), whereas only constipation (p = 0.045) and bloating (p = 0.001) were improved in the control group. PAI-1 levels tended to be decreased in the intervention group (p = 0.066), with a difference in the decrease between groups (p = 0.022). Visfatin levels were decreased in the intervention group (p = 0.007). There were few correlations between hormonal levels and symptoms. Thus, this diet not only improves IBS symptoms but also seems to have a general health-promoting effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodil Roth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden;
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden; (J.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Julia Myllyvainio
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden; (J.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Mauro D’Amato
- Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE—BRTA, 48160 Derio, Spain; or
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70010 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Ewa Larsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden; (J.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden;
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden; (J.M.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Morató L, Astori S, Zalachoras I, Rodrigues J, Ghosal S, Huang W, Guillot de Suduiraut I, Grosse J, Zanoletti O, Cao L, Auwerx J, Sandi C. eNAMPT actions through nucleus accumbens NAD +/SIRT1 link increased adiposity with sociability deficits programmed by peripuberty stress. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj9109. [PMID: 35235362 PMCID: PMC8890725 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is frequently associated with impairments in the social domain, and stress at puberty can lead to long-lasting changes in visceral fat deposition and in social behaviors. However, whether stress-induced changes in adipose tissue can affect fat-to-brain signaling, thereby orchestrating behavioral changes, remains unknown. We found that peripubertally stressed male-but not female-mice exhibit concomitant increased adiposity and sociability deficits. We show that reduced levels of the adipokine nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) in fat and its extracellular form eNAMPT in blood contribute to lifelong reductions in sociability induced by peripubertal stress. By using a series of adipose tissue and brain region-specific loss- and gain-of-function approaches, we implicate impaired nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/SIRT1 pathway in the nucleus accumbens. Impairments in sociability and accumbal neuronal excitability are prevented by normalization of eNAMPT levels or treatment with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a NAD+-boosting compound. We propose NAD+ boosters to treat social deficits of early life stress origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Morató
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simone Astori
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Zalachoras
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joao Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sriparna Ghosal
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wei Huang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Isabelle Guillot de Suduiraut
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jocelyn Grosse
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Zanoletti
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lei Cao
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Chang ML, Lin YS, Chang MY, Hsu CL, Chien RN, Fann CSJ. Accelerated cardiovascular risk after viral clearance in hepatitis C patients with the NAMPT-rs61330082 TT genotype: An 8-year prospective cohort study. Virulence 2021; 12:270-280. [PMID: 33446046 PMCID: PMC7834047 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1870080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Involvement of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT, i.e., visfatin or pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor), a cancer metabokine, in chronically hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected (CHC) patients with sustained virological responses (SVRs) remains elusive. This 8-year prospective cohort study evaluated eNAMPT profiles of 842 consecutive CHC patients, including 519 who had completed an anti-HCV therapy course and pre-therapy and 24-week post-therapy surveys. For 842 patients, pre-therapy associations were HCV RNA, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and body mass index with eNAMPT levels, and NAMPT-rs61330082 T allele with total cholesterol levels. NAMPT-rs10953502, NAMPT-rs2058539, and NAMPT-rs61330082 were in a linkage disequilibrium block, which was associated with total cholesterol levels. Compared to pre-therapy levels, at 24 weeks post-therapy, decreased eNAMPT and increased lipid levels were observed in SVR patients (n = 427). Among SVR patients, higher cumulative incidences of cardiovascular events occurred in those with a NAMPT-rs61330082 TT genotype than those with non-TT genotypes (28.2% vs. 8.4%, p < 0.001). NAMPT-rs61330082 TT genotype was independently associated with incident cardiovascular events (95% CI hazard ratio (HR): 1.88-10.37; HR: 4.415); no eNAMPT profiles were associated with incident malignancies. Of CHC patients, hepatic vascular endothelial cells and baseline peripheral leukocytes expressed higher eNAMPT levels than controls, and peripheral eNAMPT-positive leukocyte proportions decreased after SVR. During HCV infection, eNAMPT involvement in glucose metabolism was modulated by HCV RNA linked to lipid metabolism and NAMPT-associated SNPs. Hepatic endothelial cells and peripheral leukocytes potentially secrete eNAMPT. Caution is required for incident cardiovascular events in SVR patients with NAMPT-rs61330082 TT genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ling Chang
- Liver Research Center, Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Healthcare Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yu Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Neurologic Medicine, Chang Gung Children’s Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Liver Research Center, Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cathy SJ Fann
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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NNMT is induced dynamically during beige adipogenesis in adipose tissues depot-specific manner. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 78:169-183. [PMID: 34699038 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a novel regulator, shown recently to regulate adipose tissue energy expenditure partly through changing NAD + content, which is essential for mitochondrial. We determine whether NNMT plays important role in energy metabolism during the beige adipogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Male C57BL/6 mice at 8 weeks old were exposed to 4 ℃ for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days, respectively. Interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT), inguinal subcutaneous WAT (sWAT), and epididymal WAT (eWAT) were harvested for gene and protein expression analysis and the correlation analysis. In addition, cultured primary mice brown adipocyte (BA) and white adipocyte (WA) treated with or without β3-adrenoceptor agonist (CL316, 243) were also harvested for these analyses. A combination of NNMT and its related genetic (Nmnat1, Nampt, Cyp2e1, Nrk1, Cd38) and proteic analyses and also the NAD + levels demonstrated the dynamical and depot-specific remodeling of NAD metabolism in different adipose tissues in response to cold exposure. While upon CL316, 243 treatment, gene expression of Nnmt, Nampt, Cyp2e1, and Nrk1 was all significantly decreased in WA but not in BA. The increased NAD + amount in BA and WA during the beige adipogenesis was observed. Besides, it is demonstrated that the expression of NNMT both in sWAT and WA showed significant negative correlation with browning markers UCP-1 and PGC-1α at protein levels. Above all, NNMT was induced in WAT during the 'cold remodeling' phase and correlated negatively with the process of browning in sWAT and WA, indicating the specific role of NNMT in the regulation of energy homeostasis during the process of beige adipogenesis.
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Lee JK. EFFECTS OF EXERCISE TYPE AND INTENSITY ON VISFATIN AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME IN OBESITY. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202127022020_0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: Visfatin may regulate a variety of physiological functions and it has great potential to significantly enhance our knowledge of the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to metabolic abnormalities, such as abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, high low-density cholesterol, high blood pressure and diabetes, and physical activity is an important factor for the management of MS. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of visfatin on MS and MS risk factors through differences in aerobic exercise intensity and exercise type based on the premise of the same amount of exercise (energy expenditure of 400 kcal per day). Method: Thirty two obese, middle-aged women were randomly assigned to exercise intensity groups VO2max 50% (MAE, n=8) and VO2max 80% (VAE, n=8) and to type of exercise groups VO2max 50% + TRX (MARE, n=8) and VO2max 80% + TRX (VARE, n=8). The exercise program was performed 5 times a week. The data was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc tests within groups with LSD. Results: Body weight (p<.01 and p<.001) and % body fat (p<.05 and p<.01) significantly decreased in all groups and visfatin only increased significantly after exercise in the VARE group (p<.05). TG, glucose, and waist circumstance (p<.05, p<.01, and p<.001) significantly decreased in all groups and HDL-C (p<.05) only increased significantly after exercise only in the MARE group. Conclusion: These results suggest that, in spite of differences in exercise intensity and exercise type, exercise is effective in improving obesity and MS risk factors, but further research is needed on the exact mechanisms of visfatin. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic Studies Investigating the Results of Treatment .
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AlZaim I, Hammoud SH, Al-Koussa H, Ghazi A, Eid AH, El-Yazbi AF. Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation: A Novel Therapeutic Approach in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:602088. [PMID: 33282920 PMCID: PMC7705180 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.602088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a critical regulator of systemic metabolism and bodily homeostasis as it secretes a myriad of adipokines, including inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. As the main storage pool of lipids, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues undergo marked hypertrophy and hyperplasia in response to nutritional excess leading to hypoxia, adipokine dysregulation, and subsequent low-grade inflammation that is characterized by increased infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells. The specific localization, physiology, susceptibility to inflammation and the heterogeneity of the inflammatory cell population of each adipose depot are unique and thus dictate the possible complications of adipose tissue chronic inflammation. Several lines of evidence link visceral and particularly perivascular, pericardial, and perirenal adipose tissue inflammation to the development of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to the implication of the immune system in the regulation of adipose tissue function, adipose tissue immune components are pivotal in detrimental or otherwise favorable adipose tissue remodeling and thermogenesis. Adipose tissue resident and infiltrating immune cells undergo metabolic and morphological adaptation based on the systemic energy status and thus a better comprehension of the metabolic regulation of immune cells in adipose tissues is pivotal to address complications of chronic adipose tissue inflammation. In this review, we discuss the role of adipose innate and adaptive immune cells across various physiological and pathophysiological states that pertain to the development or progression of cardiovascular diseases associated with metabolic disorders. Understanding such mechanisms allows for the exploitation of the adipose tissue-immune system crosstalk, exploring how the adipose immune system might be targeted as a strategy to treat cardiovascular derangements associated with metabolic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim AlZaim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Safaa H Hammoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Houssam Al-Koussa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alaa Ghazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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11
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Dakroub A, A. Nasser S, Younis N, Bhagani H, Al-Dhaheri Y, Pintus G, Eid AA, El-Yazbi AF, Eid AH. Visfatin: A Possible Role in Cardiovasculo-Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112444. [PMID: 33182523 PMCID: PMC7696687 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Visfatin/NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) is an adipocytokine with several intriguing properties. It was first identified as pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor but turned out to possess enzymatic functions in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis, with ubiquitous expression in skeletal muscles, liver, cardiomyocytes, and brain cells. Visfatin exists in an intracellular (iNAMPT) and extracellular (eNAMPT) form. Intracellularly, visfatin/iNAMPT plays a regulatory role in NAD+ biosynthesis and thereby affects many NAD-dependent proteins such as sirtuins, PARPs, MARTs and CD38/157. Extracellularly, visfatin is associated with many hormone-like signaling pathways and activates some intracellular signaling cascades. Importantly, eNAMPT has been associated with several metabolic disorders including obesity and type 1 and 2 diabetes. In this review, a brief overview about visfatin is presented with special emphasis on its relevance to metabolic diseases. Visfatin/NAMPT appears to be a unique molecule with clinical significance with a prospective promising diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications in many cardiovasculo-metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Dakroub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
| | - Suzanne A. Nasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon;
| | - Nour Younis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
| | - Humna Bhagani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
| | - Yusra Al-Dhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, UAE;
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, UAE;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Assaad A. Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Ahmed F. El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, El-Mesallah, Egypt
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +974-4403-3333
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12
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Yang L, Qiu Y, Ling W, Liu Z, Yang L, Wang C, Peng X, Wang L, Chen J. Anthocyanins regulate serum adipsin and visfatin in patients with prediabetes or newly diagnosed diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1935-1944. [PMID: 32930848 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have suggested that adipsin and visfatin are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. This is the first study to investigate the effects of supplementation with purified anthocyanins on serum adipsin and visfatin in patients with prediabetes or newly diagnosed diabetes. METHODS A total of 160 participants with prediabetes or newly diagnosed diabetes (40-75 years old) were given 320 mg anthocyanins or placebo daily for 12 weeks in a randomized trial. Serum adipsin, serum visfatin, lipids and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured. The areas under the curve (AUCs) for glucose, insulin and C-peptide were determined before-and after-treatment by a standard 3-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS Relatively significant increases in serum adipsin (net change 0.15 µg/mL [0.03, 0.27], p = 0.018) and decreases in visfatin (-3.5 ng/mL [-6.69, -0.31], p = 0.032) were observed between the anthocyanins and placebo groups. We also observed significant improvements in HbA1c (-0.11% [-0.22, -0.11], p = 0.033), apolipoprotein A-1 (apo A-1) (0.12 g/L [0.03, 0.21], p = 0.012) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) (-0.07 g/L [-0.14, -0.01], p = 0.033) in response to the anthocyanins intervention. CONCLUSION Purified anthocyanins supplementation for 12 weeks increased serum adipsin and decreased serum visfatin in patients with prediabetes or newly diagnosed diabetes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02689765.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74th ZhongShan Road II, GuangZhou, 510080, PR China. .,Center for Chronic Disease Control, Nanshan, ShenZhen, PR China.
| | - Yun Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74th ZhongShan Road II, GuangZhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74th ZhongShan Road II, GuangZhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Zhaomin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74th ZhongShan Road II, GuangZhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Lili Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74th ZhongShan Road II, GuangZhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Changyi Wang
- Center for Chronic Disease Control, Nanshan, ShenZhen, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Center for Chronic Disease Control, Nanshan, ShenZhen, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Center for Chronic Disease Control, Nanshan, ShenZhen, PR China
| | - Jianying Chen
- GuangDong Province, BaiYun Hospital, YueXiu District, GuangZhou, PR China
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13
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Wnuk A, Stangret A, Wątroba M, Płatek AE, Skoda M, Cendrowski K, Sawicki W, Szukiewicz D. Can adipokine visfatin be a novel marker of pregnancy-related disorders in women with obesity? Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13022. [PMID: 32220005 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity have become a dangerous disease requiring multiple interventions, treatment and preventions. In women of reproductive age, obesity is one of the most common medical conditions. Among others, obese state is characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation and enhanced oxidative stress. Increased maternal body mass index might amplify inflammation and reactive oxygen species production, which is associated with unfavourable clinical outcomes that affect both mother and child. Intrauterine growth retardation, preeclampsia, or gestational diabetes mellitus are examples of the hampered maternal and foetoplacental unit interactions. Visfatin is the obesity-related adipokine produced mainly by the visceral adipose tissue. Visfatin affects glucose homeostasis, as well as the regulation of genes related to oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Here, we review visfatin interactions in pregnancy-related disorders linked to obesity. We highlight the possible predictive and prognostic value of visfatin in diagnostic strategies on gravidas with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wnuk
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Stangret
- Chair and Department of General and Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wątroba
- Chair and Department of General and Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna E Płatek
- Chair and Department of General and Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Skoda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Cendrowski
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Sawicki
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Chair and Department of General and Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Wei X, Jia R, Wang G, Hong S, Song L, Sun B, Chen K, Wang N, Wang Q, Luo X, Yan J. Depot-specific regulation of NAD +/SIRTs metabolism identified in adipose tissue of mice in response to high-fat diet feeding or calorie restriction. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 80:108377. [PMID: 32278117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Deteriorated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/sirtuins (SIRTs) metabolism in adipose tissue is implicated in diet-induced obesity, while calorie restriction (CR)-induced beneficial effects require sufficient NAD+ biosynthesis. Mechanistic links have not been defined. This study aims to identify changes of specific components of NAD+/SIRTs system in white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) of mice upon energy imbalance, focusing on key enzymes in NAD+ salvage (Nampt, Nmnat1, Nrk1), clearance (Nnmt, Aox1, Cyp2e1) and consumption pathways (Sirt1, Sirt2, Sirt3, Sirt6, Parp1). Male C57BL/6J mice were fed ad libitum with the standard laboratory chow diet, high-fat diet (HFD) or 40% CR diet, respectively. The epididymal and inguinal WAT (eWAT and iWAT) and interscapular BAT (iBAT) were harvested for histological, NAD+ assay, gene and protein expression analysis after 16 weeks of dietary regimen. HFD decreased, while CR increased, the NAD+ and NADH levels in eWAT, iWAT and iBAT. NAD+ content negatively correlated with plasma cholesterol, TNF-α levels and calorie intake, while it positively correlated with plasma adiponectin level. The change trend of SIRT1 is quite the same as that of NAD+/NADH ratio. Nmnat1 gene is sensitive to energy imbalance in WAT but not in BAT. Nrk1 gene expression was decreased in eWAT and iWAT but increased in iBAT of HFD mice. Nnmt mRNA and protein abundance was increased in iWAT of HFD mice. Nampt, Cyp2e1 and Sirt3 were the most robust genes responding to energy imbalance. In summary, adipose tissue responds to long-term energy excess or shortage with depot-specific transcriptional activation or repression of NAD+/SIRTs metabolic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ru Jia
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shangyu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Song
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jianqun Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Karaca E, Ersoy G. The Relationship Between Serum Visfatin Levels and Metabolic Parameters According To Different Body Mass Indexes. EURASIAN JOURNAL OF FAMILY MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.33880/ejfm.2019080404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index and serum visfatin and metabolic parameters in subjects with different body mass indexes.
Methods: Patients enrolled in this study were applied a questionnaire including their personal information, dietary habits and status of physical activities. Their length and body weight were measured, body mass indexes were calculated, and body fat percentage and waist circumference were measured. In addition, routine biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin) and serum visfatin levels of patients were measured, and they were evaluated according to their body mass indexes.
Results: Serum visfatin levels of patients were not found to be correlated with their age, gender and waist circumference, but a moderate negative correlation was determined with body fat percentage. Also there was a negative correlation between body mass indexes and serum visfatin level. While there was no statistically significant relation between serum visfatin level and cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol as well as VLDL-cholesterol, a negative correlation was found between serum visfatin and fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels.
Conclusion: Serum visfatin levels resulted lower in patients with high body mass indexes. Negative correlation between serum visfatin levels and fasting blood glucose as well as fasting blood insulin indicates that serum visfatin levels may be associated with the mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity.
Keywords: visfatin, body mass index, metabolic profile
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen Karaca
- Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi
| | - Gulgun Ersoy
- Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul Medipol Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi
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16
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Catalina MOS, Redondo PC, Granados MP, Cantonero C, Sanchez-Collado J, Albarran L, Lopez JJ. New Insights into Adipokines as Potential Biomarkers for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4119-4144. [PMID: 29210636 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666171205162248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A large number of studies have been focused on investigating serum biomarkers associated with risk or diagnosis of type-2 diabetes mellitus. In the last decade, promising studies have shown that circulating levels of adipokines could be used as a relevant biomarker for diabetes mellitus progression as well as therapeutic future targets. Here, we discuss the possible use of recently described adipokines, including apelin, omentin-1, resistin, FGF-21, neuregulin-4 and visfatin, as early biomarkers for diabetes. In addition, we also include recent findings of other well known adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin. In conclusion, further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiological significance and clinical value of these biological factors as potential biomarkers in type-2 diabetes and related dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro C Redondo
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Maria P Granados
- Aldea Moret's Medical Center, Extremadura Health Service, 10195-Caceres, Spain
| | - Carlos Cantonero
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose Sanchez-Collado
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Letizia Albarran
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
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17
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Souvannavong-Vilivong X, Sitticharoon C, Klinjampa R, Keadkraichaiwat I, Sripong C, Chatree S, Sririwichitchai R, Lertbunnaphong T. Placental expressions and serum levels of adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin in GDM. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:1121-1131. [PMID: 31076892 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin have been shown to be associated with insulin sensitivity and might have a role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to (1) compare adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin mRNA expressions in placenta and their serum levels between normal pregnancy (NP) and GDM class A1 (GDMA1) pregnancy and (2) determine correlations between placental gene expressions as well as serum levels with maternal and neonatal clinical parameters in all, NP, and GDM subjects. METHODS NP subjects (n = 37), who had normal medical history during their pregnancies without diagnosis of any abnormalities and GDMA1 subjects (n = 37), who were diagnosed since they had antenatal care, were recruited when they were in labor with a gestational age of at least 34 weeks. Clinical parameters and serum adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin levels were measured in the delivery room. RESULTS GDMA1 subjects had higher serum visfatin and plasma glucose levels, but lower serum omentin levels (p < 0.05 all) compared to controls, with comparable levels of placental adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin expressions, plasma insulin, and indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance. Serum visfatin was negatively correlated with neonatal weight and length in the GDM group (p < 0.05 all). Serum omentin was negatively correlated with pre-pregnancy body mass index and waist circumference only in the NP group (p < 0.05 all). Serum adiponectin was negatively correlated with maternal age and HOMA-IR in the NP group (p < 0.05 all) and with placental weight and serum omentin in the GDM group (p < 0.05 all). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, in GDMA1, increased serum visfatin, which has insulin-mimetic effect, might be associated with a compensatory mechanism that improves the impaired insulin function. Decreased serum omentin in GDMA1, which is normally found in visceral obesity, might lead to insulin resistance and contribute to the pathophysiology of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xaynaly Souvannavong-Vilivong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chantacha Sitticharoon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Roongrit Klinjampa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Issarawan Keadkraichaiwat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chanakarn Sripong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Saimai Chatree
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Rungnapa Sririwichitchai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Tripop Lertbunnaphong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
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Pace NP, Bonello A, Roshan MH, Vassallo J. Circulating visfatin levels in the second and third trimester of pregnancies with gestational diabetes: a systematic review. MINERVA GINECOLOGICA 2019; 71:329-343. [PMID: 31274262 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4784.18.04293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are multiple published conflicting associations of the adipocytokine visfatin with gestational diabetes. In this study, we attempted to investigate this relationship via a systematic review of the published literature. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Literature retrieval using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Hydi databases followed by article selection and data extraction were conducted. Relevant studies published up to June 2018 were included. In total, 29 cohorts that were published in 27 articles were analyzed. Three studies carried out in early pregnancy were excluded. A total of 2365 individuals, with 1069 gestational diabetes (GDM) cases and 1296 controls from studies describing visfatin in the second or third trimester of gestation were included. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The difference in visfatin levels between women with GDM and the controls in the second and third trimester was measured by weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was inspected by using both subgroup and meta-regression analysis. Analysis was restricted to studies describing singleton pregnancies. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. CONCLUSIONS No significant difference in circulating visfatin levels in GDM during the second trimester of pregnancy (WMD -0.30 ng/mL, 95% CI: -2.06, 1.45, SE=0.895, P=0.733) was detected. Meta-analysis of the studies in the third trimester revealed a significant negative effect, that was however driven by only one study. This finding limits the meaningful interpretation of the pooled analysis. Significant heterogeneity was identified between studies, and meta-regression analysis showed that homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance contributes significantly to heterogeneity. In conclusion, our findings suggest that peripheral blood visfatin concentration cannot be robustly associated with gestational diabetes status in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai P Pace
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta -
| | - Antonia Bonello
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Mohsin H Roshan
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Josanne Vassallo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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Reddy P, Lent-Schochet D, Ramakrishnan N, McLaughlin M, Jialal I. Metabolic syndrome is an inflammatory disorder: A conspiracy between adipose tissue and phagocytes. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 496:35-44. [PMID: 31229566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) describes a cluster of cardio-metabolic factors that predispose to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). While 35% of Americans suffer from this disorder, the specific pathways related to this disease are largely underexplored. The prevailing consensus is that inflammatory pathways contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease, and therefore new research has uncovered how inflammation plays a critical role in the development and progression of MetS. The purpose of this review is to understand the role of major inflammatory mechanisms and their role in MetS. Our review identifies that adipose tissue (AT) contributes to the inflammatory pathways through the release of pro-inflammatory adipokines such as leptin and chemerin and dysregulation of anti-inflammatory adiponectin. Chemokines and cytokines deriving from monocytes are also altered and promote inflammation and insulin resistance. Circulating inflammatory biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, Serum amyloid A (SAA), cytokines, and chemokines have also been linked to the pathogenesis of MetS. Researchers have identified the significance of CRP levels in predicting future sequelae of MetS such as ASCVD. Mast cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) promote both inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, both AT and phagocyte activity define MetS as an inflammatory disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Reddy
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | | | - Neeraj Ramakrishnan
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Matthew McLaughlin
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Ishwarlal Jialal
- California Northstate University, College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; VA Medical Center, Mather, CA 95757, USA.
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20
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Musilova I, Kolackova M, Andrys C, Drahosova M, Baranová I, Chmelarova M, Stranik J, Jacobsson B, Kacerovsky M. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase and intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:736-746. [PMID: 31056993 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1615049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The amniotic fluid nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) levels have not been compared among women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) comorbid with intra-amniotic infection, sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI), colonization, or without IAI and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC). Therefore, the main aim was to quantify the amniotic fluid NAMPT in women with PPROM complicated by intra-amniotic infection, sterile IAI, or colonization. The second aim was to characterize the diagnostic indices of NAMPT to reveal IAI. The third aim was to determine whether the cervical fluid and maternal serum NAMPT quantitation might be of value in the identification of intra-amniotic inflammatory complications in PPROM.Methods of study: NAMPT levels in amniotic fluid, cervical fluid, and maternal serum were assessed in three independent cohorts of women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM between 24+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation consisting of 88, 121, and 88 women, respectively. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis, cervical fluid samples were obtained using a Dacron polyester swab and maternal blood was obtained by venipuncture of the cubital vein. The NAMPT levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Testing for MIAC and IAI was performed on all women, who were then categorized into four subgroups: intra-amniotic infection (MIAC and IAI), sterile IAI (IAI alone), colonization (MIAC alone), and without MIAC and IAI.Results: Women with intra-amniotic infection and women with sterile IAI had higher NAMPT levels than did women with colonization and women without MIAC and IAI (intra-amniotic infection: median 73.6 ng/mL, sterile IAI: median 55.5 ng/mL, colonization: median 12.1 ng/mL, without MIAC and IAI: 10.6 ng/mL; p < .0001). An amniotic fluid NAMPT level of 37 ng/mL was the best value for the detection of intra-amniotic infection in women with PPROM. Cervical fluid (p = .51) and maternal serum (p = .50) NAMPT levels did not reflect intra-amniotic inflammatory complications in women with PPROM.Conclusions: Intra-amniotic infection and sterile IAI are associated with higher NAMPT levels in amniotic fluid but not in cervical fluid or maternal serum in women with PPROM. Amniotic fluid NAMPT might be a marker for invasive identification of IAI in PPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Musilova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Drahosova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Baranová
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Chmelarova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Stranik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marian Kacerovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Cinti
- Professor of Human Anatomy, Director, Center of Obesity, University of Ancona (Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy
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22
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Abushahla HS, Bulatova N, Kasabri V, Naffa R. Correlates of ghrelin and visfatin in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-018-0654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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23
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Mir E, Fathi M. Changes in Plasma Visfatin and Insulin Resistance Index in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes after Pilates Exercise. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/jhc.20.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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25
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Farghaly HS, Metwalley KA, Ahmed FA, Raafat DM, El-Asheer O, Ali AM, Bahdawy A, Zahran AM. Visfatin level in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2017; 8:119-125. [PMID: 28979761 PMCID: PMC5617091 DOI: 10.1177/2042018817731073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess the levels of visfatin in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and its relationship with disease-related variables. METHODS The study included 84 children and adolescents with AIT and 84 healthy subjects. Measurements of fasting glucose, insulin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4), antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) were completed, with assessment of visfatin levels. RESULTS Overt hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 58 cases, while subclinical hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 26 of the studied patients. Total studied cases, overt and subclinical subgroups had significantly higher levels of TSH, HOMA-IR, TPOAb, TgAb and visfatin and significantly lower FT4 level compared with the control. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that visfatin was correlated positively with BMI, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), TSH and TPOAb, while inversely correlation with FT4. In logistic regression analysis, visfatin was correlated only with TPOAb. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study provides evidence of significantly higher level of visfatin in children and adolescents with AIT. Visfatin might have a potential role in the pathogenesis of AIT, which needs to be validated by measuring immunological responses in children and adolescents with AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hekma Saad Farghaly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | | - Duaa Mohamed Raafat
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Osama El-Asheer
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mahmood Ali
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahlam Bahdawy
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Mohamed Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Carbone F, Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Vecchiè A, Casula M, Cea M, Monacelli F, Caffa I, Bruzzone S, Montecucco F, Nencioni A. Regulation and Function of Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/Visfatin. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:603-621. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Jokinen R, Pirnes-Karhu S, Pietiläinen KH, Pirinen E. Adipose tissue NAD +-homeostasis, sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases -important players in mitochondrial metabolism and metabolic health. Redox Biol 2017; 12:246-263. [PMID: 28279944 PMCID: PMC5343002 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a chronic state of energy overload, is characterized by adipose tissue dysfunction that is considered to be the major driver for obesity associated metabolic complications. The reasons for adipose tissue dysfunction are incompletely understood, but one potential contributing factor is adipose tissue mitochondrial dysfunction. Derangements of adipose tissue mitochondrial biogenesis and pathways associate with obesity and metabolic diseases. Mitochondria are central organelles in energy metabolism through their role in energy derivation through catabolic oxidative reactions. The mitochondrial processes are dependent on the proper NAD+/NADH redox balance and NAD+ is essential for reactions catalyzed by the key regulators of mitochondrial metabolism, sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). Notably, obesity is associated with disturbed adipose tissue NAD+ homeostasis and the balance of SIRT and PARP activities. In this review we aim to summarize existing literature on the maintenance of intracellular NAD+ pools and the function of SIRTs and PARPs in adipose tissue during normal and obese conditions, with the purpose of comprehending their potential role in mitochondrial derangements and obesity associated metabolic complications. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that are the root cause of the adipose tissue mitochondrial derangements is crucial for developing new effective strategies to reverse obesity associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Jokinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sini Pirnes-Karhu
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Pirinen
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Kieswich J, Sayers SR, Silvestre MF, Harwood SM, Yaqoob MM, Caton PW. Monomeric eNAMPT in the development of experimental diabetes in mice: a potential target for type 2 diabetes treatment. Diabetologia 2016; 59:2477-2486. [PMID: 27541013 PMCID: PMC5506101 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Serum extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) concentrations are elevated in type 2 diabetes. However, the relationship between abnormally elevated serum eNAMPT and type 2 diabetes pathophysiology is unclear. eNAMPT circulates in functionally and structurally distinct monomeric and dimeric forms. Dimeric eNAMPT promotes NAD biosynthesis. The role of eNAMPT-monomer is unclear but it may have NAD-independent proinflammatory effects. However, studies of eNAMPT in type 2 diabetes have not distinguished between monomeric and dimeric forms. Since type 2 diabetes is characterised by chronic inflammation, we hypothesised a selective NAD-independent role for eNAMPT-monomer in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Two mouse models were used to examine the role of eNAMPT-monomer in type 2 diabetes; (1) a mouse model of diabetes fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks received i.p. injections with an anti-monomeric-eNAMPT antibody; and (2) lean non-diabetic mice received i.p. injections with recombinant monomeric eNAMPT daily for 14 days. RESULTS Serum monomeric eNAMPT levels were elevated in HFD-fed mouse models of diabetes, whilst eNAMPT-dimer levels were unchanged. eNAMPT-monomer neutralisation in HFD-fed mice resulted in lower blood glucose levels, amelioration of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and whole-body insulin resistance, improved pancreatic islet function, and reduced inflammation. These effects were maintained for at least 3 weeks post-treatment. eNAMPT-monomer administration induced a diabetic phenotype in mice, characterised by elevated blood glucose, IGT, impaired pancreatic insulin secretion and the presence of systemic and tissue inflammation, without changes in NAD levels. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We demonstrate that elevation of monomeric-eNAMPT plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diet-induced diabetes via proinflammatory mechanisms. These data provide proof-of-concept evidence that the eNAMPT-monomer represents a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Kieswich
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sophie R Sayers
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Marta F Silvestre
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steven M Harwood
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Muhammad M Yaqoob
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Paul W Caton
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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29
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Shaheen A, Nazli R, Fatima S, Ali R, Khan I, Khattak S. Adipokine Serum visfatin level in pregnancy induced hypertension and uncomplicated pregnancy. Pak J Med Sci 2016; 32:1419-1424. [PMID: 28083037 PMCID: PMC5216293 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.326.10917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy is the significant disease that badly affects the maternal and fetal prognosis and lead to higher mortality and morbidity in the prenatal period. Visfatin, potentially a new adipokine has emerged having high contribution in pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. The objective of the study was to find the level of Visfatin in pregnancy induced hypertension and normal pregnant women. METHODS This study was carried out in tertiary care hospitals, Peshawar from March-October 2014. A total of 234 pregnant women (gestational age >20 weeks) were included in the study with distribution as Preeclampsia (PE=86), Eclampsia (E=74) and control (N=74). Blood was taken for measuring Visfatin level by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. SPSS version 19 was used for statistical analysis. Student's t test was performed to evaluate the mean differences in patients and control. RESULTS Serum level of visfatin was significantly higher in pregnancy induced hypertension when compared with control (P value<0.001).: Comparisons of mean value of visfatin with age group of 21-40 years, body mass index (BMI), primary parous and parity 2-4, gestational age of >36 weeks and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were highly significant in pregnancy induced hypertension when compared with control (p value<0.001). CONCLUSION Pregnancy induced hypertensive women showed increased level of serum Visfatin than normal pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Shaheen
- Dr. Asmat Shaheen, BDS, M.Phil. Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University (KMU), Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Rubina Nazli
- Dr. Rubina Nazli, MBBS, PhD. Professor of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Fatima
- Dr. Sadia Fatima, MBBS, PhD. Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Roshan Ali
- Dr. Roshan Ali, PhD. Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ihsanullah Khan
- Ihsanuullah Khan, M.Phil, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Salim Khattak
- Dr. Salim Khattak, MBBS, FCPS. Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University (KMU), Kohat, Pakistan
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Owczarek AJ, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Kocełak P, Bożentowicz-Wikarek M, Brzozowska A, Mossakowska M, Puzianowska-Kuźnicka M, Grodzicki T, Więcek A, Chudek J. The relationship between circulating visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, obesity, inflammation and lipids profile in elderly population, determined by structural equation modeling. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2016; 76:632-640. [PMID: 27712122 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1230884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The available literature suggests that circulating visfatin/Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) level variability in humans is related to obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipid profile. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between circulating visfatin/NAMPT, obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipid profile in a large population-based, elderly cohort, applying structural equation modeling. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analysis included 2983 elderly participants of the PolSenior study with assessed total blood count, fasting concentrations of lipids, glucose, insulin, hs-CRP, interleukin-6, and visfatin/NAMPT (by ELISA), and calculated HOMA-IR. RESULTS The circulating visfatin/NAMPT levels were higher in obese compared to normal weight subjects, in those with hs-CRP above 3 mg/L, with low serum HDL cholesterol, and in insulin resistant subjects. Based on results of the exploratory factor analysis, a baseline model of mutual relationship between four latent and measured variables was created and a final model was developed by maintaining only two significant categories. The important variables for 'latent inflammation' proved to be hs-CRP and IL-6 serum levels. In the case of 'nutritional status', important variables were BMI, waist circumference, and to a lesser extent insulin resistance. Additionally, the residual correlation between those two constructs was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION The structural equation modeling provided support for the existence of a link between nutritional status, inflammation and circulating visfatin/NAMPT level. This indicates that circulating visfatin/NAMPT can be considered as a novel surrogate marker of systemic inflammation associated with fat depot, especially visceral, in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander J Owczarek
- a Department of Statistics, Department of Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec , Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
- b Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Piotr Kocełak
- b Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Maria Bożentowicz-Wikarek
- c Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Aniceta Brzozowska
- b Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | | | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka
- e Department of Human Epigenetics , Mossakowski Medical Research Centre , Warsaw , Poland.,f Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology , Medical Center of Postgraduate Education , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Tomasz Grodzicki
- g Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krakow , Poland
| | - Andrzej Więcek
- h Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty in Katowice , Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- c Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology , Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
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Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Golpaie A, Foroughi M, Hosseinpanah F, Zahediasl S, Azizi F. The relationship between visfatin and serum concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 in patients with metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:917-22. [PMID: 27023106 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0457-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the relationship between inflammatory and pro inflammatory markers, with obesity and visceral adiposity in male subjects with or without metabolic syndrome (MS). SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 37 patients with MS and 37 age matched controls were included (mean age 46.35 ± 1.6 years). MS was defined by the criteria of the international diabetes federation 2005. Anthropometric and biochemical profiles, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), visfatin and interleukin 6 (IL-6), were measured. Data were compared between groups by using t test. Pearson's correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between variables. P values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS In patients with MS, CRP and IL-6 were significantly correlated with body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio. Visfatin levels were significantly lower in patients with MS compared to controls (log visfatin: 1.74 ± 0.27 vs. 1.86 ± 0.13 ng/ml, MS vs. control group respectively). We cannot find any significant correlation between visfatin, CRP and IL-6. Also there were no correlation between visfatin levels and any anthropometric parameters in patients with MS or control groups. CONCLUSION Serum visfatin was lower in patients with MS. Therefore it seems that visfatin could not be considered as a pro inflammatory adipocytokine in MS. The positive associations of obesity and visceral adiposity with elevated CRP and IL-6 levels suggest the importance of reducing visceral adiposity to prevent the risk of coronary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No#44, Hojjatdoost St, Naderi Ave, Keshavarz Bld, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A Golpaie
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Foroughi
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Hosseinpanah
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Zahediasl
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Azizi
- Obesity Research Center and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk: Variations in Visfatin Gene Can Modify the Obesity Associated Cardiovascular Risk. Results from the Segovia Population Based-Study. Spain. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153976. [PMID: 27166797 PMCID: PMC4864316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Our aim was to investigate if genetic variations in the visfatin gene (SNPs rs7789066/ rs11977021/rs4730153) could modify the cardiovascular-risk (CV-risk) despite the metabolic phenotype (obesity and glucose tolerance). In addition, we investigated the relationship between insulin sensitivity and variations in visfatin gene. Material and Methods A population-based study in rural and urban areas of the Province of Segovia, Spain, was carried out in the period of 2001–2003 years. A total of 587 individuals were included, 25.4% subjects were defined as obese (BMI ≥30 Kg/m2). Results Plasma visfatin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects with DM2 than in other categories of glucose tolerance. The genotype AA of the rs4730153 SNP was significantly associated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance) after adjustment for gender, age, BMI and waist circumference. The obese individuals carrying the CC genotype of the rs11977021 SNP showed higher circulating levels of fasting proinsulin after adjustment for the same variables. The genotype AA of the rs4730153 SNP seems to be protective from CV-risk either estimated by Framingham or SCORE charts in general population; and in obese and non-obese individuals. No associations with CV-risk were observed for other studied SNPs (rs11977021/rs7789066). Conclusions In summary, this is the first study which concludes that the genotype AA of the rs4730153 SNP appear to protect against CV-risk in obese and non–obese individuals, estimated by Framingham and SCORE charts. Our results confirm that the different polymorphisms in the visfatin gene might be influencing the glucose homeostasis in obese individuals.
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Cabia B, Andrade S, Carreira MC, Casanueva FF, Crujeiras AB. A role for novel adipose tissue-secreted factors in obesity-related carcinogenesis. Obes Rev 2016; 17:361-76. [PMID: 26914773 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, a pandemic disease, is caused by an excessive accumulation of fat that can have detrimental effects on health. Adipose tissue plays a very important endocrine role, secreting different molecules that affect body physiology. In obesity, this function is altered, leading to a dysfunctional production of several factors, known as adipocytokines. This process has been linked to various comorbidities associated with obesity, such as carcinogenesis. In fact, several classical adipocytokines with increased levels in obesity have been demonstrated to exert a pro-carcinogenic role, including leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 and resistin, whereas others like adiponectin, with decreased levels in obesity, might have an anti-carcinogenic function. In this expanding field, new proteomic techniques and approaches have allowed the identification of novel adipocytokines, a number of which exhibit an altered production in obesity and type 2 diabetes and thus are related to adiposity. Many of these novel adipocytokines have also been identified in various tumour types, such as that of the breast, liver or endometrium, thereby increasing the list of potential contributors to carcinogenesis. This review is focused on the regulation of these novel adipocytokines by obesity, including apelin, endotrophin, FABP4, lipocalin 2, omentin-1, visfatin, chemerin, ANGPTL2 or osteopontin, emphasizing its involvement in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cabia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Carreira
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - F F Casanueva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - A B Crujeiras
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
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Pisani DF, Dumortier O, Beranger GE, Casamento V, Ghandour RA, Giroud M, Gautier N, Balaguer T, Chambard JC, Virtanen KA, Nuutila P, Niemi T, Taittonen M, Van Obberghen E, Hinault C, Amri EZ. Visfatin expression analysis in association with recruitment and activation of human and rodent brown and brite adipocytes. Adipocyte 2016; 5:186-95. [PMID: 27386154 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2015.1122854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human brown adipocytes are able to burn fat and glucose and are now considered as a potential strategy to treat obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic disorders. Besides their thermogenic function, brown adipocytes are able to secrete adipokines. One of these is visfatin, a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase involved in nicotinamide dinucleotide synthesis, which is known to participate in the synthesis of insulin by pancreatic β cells. In a therapeutic context, it is of interest to establish whether a potential correlation exists between brown adipocyte activation and/or brite adipocyte recruitment, and adipokine expression. We analyzed visfatin expression, as a pre-requisite to its secretion, in rodent and human biopsies and cell models of brown/brite adipocytes. We found that visfatin was preferentially expressed in mature adipocytes and that this expression was higher in brown adipose tissue of rodents compared to other fat depots. However, using various rodent models we were unable to find any correlation between visfatin expression and brown or brite adipocyte activation or recruitment. Interestingly, the situation is different in humans where visfatin expression was found to be equivalent between white and brown or brite adipocytes in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, visfatin can be considered only as a rodent brown adipocyte biomarker, independently of tissue activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier F. Pisani
- Univ. Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Medecine, Nice, France
- CNRS, iBV, UMR, 7277, Nice, France
- INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
| | - Olivier Dumortier
- Univ. of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- INSERM, IRCAN, U1081, Nice, France
- CNRS, IRCAN, UMR7284, Nice, France
| | - Guillaume E. Beranger
- Univ. Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Medecine, Nice, France
- CNRS, iBV, UMR, 7277, Nice, France
- INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
| | - Virginie Casamento
- Univ. of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- INSERM, IRCAN, U1081, Nice, France
- CNRS, IRCAN, UMR7284, Nice, France
| | - Rayane A. Ghandour
- Univ. Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Medecine, Nice, France
- CNRS, iBV, UMR, 7277, Nice, France
- INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
| | - Maude Giroud
- Univ. Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Medecine, Nice, France
- CNRS, iBV, UMR, 7277, Nice, France
- INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
| | - Nadine Gautier
- Univ. of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- INSERM, IRCAN, U1081, Nice, France
- CNRS, IRCAN, UMR7284, Nice, France
| | - Thierry Balaguer
- Univ. Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Medecine, Nice, France
- CNRS, iBV, UMR, 7277, Nice, France
- INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nice, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, St-Roch Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Claude Chambard
- Univ. Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Medecine, Nice, France
- CNRS, iBV, UMR, 7277, Nice, France
- INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
| | - Kirsi A. Virtanen
- Turku PET Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tarja Niemi
- Department of Surgery, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Taittonen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Emmanuel Van Obberghen
- Univ. of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- INSERM, IRCAN, U1081, Nice, France
- CNRS, IRCAN, UMR7284, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nice, Biochemistry Laboratory, Pasteur Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Charlotte Hinault
- Univ. of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
- INSERM, IRCAN, U1081, Nice, France
- CNRS, IRCAN, UMR7284, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nice, Biochemistry Laboratory, Pasteur Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Ez-Zoubir Amri
- Univ. Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Medecine, Nice, France
- CNRS, iBV, UMR, 7277, Nice, France
- INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
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Nagy K, Nagaraju SP, Rhee CM, Mathe Z, Molnar MZ. Adipocytokines in renal transplant recipients. Clin Kidney J 2016; 9:359-73. [PMID: 27274819 PMCID: PMC4886901 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfv156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, perceptions about the role of body fat have changed. Adipocytes modulate endocrine and immune homeostasis by synthesizing hundreds of hormones, known as adipocytokines. Many studies have been investigating the influences and effects of these adipocytokines and suggest that they are modulated by the nutritional and immunologic milieu. Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are a unique and relevant population in which the function of adipocytokines can be examined, given their altered nutritional and immune status and subsequent dysregulation of adipocytokine metabolism. In this review, we summarize the recent findings about four specific adipocytokines and their respective roles in KTRs. We decided to evaluate the most widely described adipocytokines, including leptin, adiponectin, visfatin and resistin. Increasing evidence suggests that these adipocytokines may lead to cardiovascular events and metabolic changes in the general population and may also increase mortality and graft loss rate in KTRs. In addition, we present findings on the interrelationship between serum adipocytokine levels and nutritional and immunologic status, and mechanisms by which adipocytokines modulate morbidity and outcomes in KTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Nagy
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | | | - Connie M Rhee
- Harold Simmons Center for Chronic Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension , University of California Irvine , Orange, CA , USA
| | - Zoltan Mathe
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Miklos Z Molnar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, TN , USA
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Choi SH, Chun SY, Kim TH, Kwon TG. Identifying the emerging role of adipokine as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2016; 34:259.e15-9. [PMID: 26992934 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association and prognostic value of adipokines (adipocyte-secreted peptide hormones) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma samples from 54 RCC patients and 25 age-matched healthy controls were analyzed for levels of adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, retinol-binding protein 4 [RBP4], and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase [NAMPT]). Baseline characteristics and adipokine levels were compared between patients and controls. The effect of adipokine levels on RCC severity was also investigated. RESULTS Medians (patients/controls) were body mass index: 24.6/23.5kg/m(2), serum glucose: 111/93mg/dl, and high-density lipoprotein: 43/53mg/dl, and significantly differed between the 2 groups. Median levels (patients/controls) of adipokines were adiponectin: 4.36/8.84ug/ml, leptin: 2.91/2.92ng/ml, RBP4: 30.27/16.17ug/ml and NAMPT: 2.26/2.06ng/ml; adiponectin, RBP4 and NAMPT (but not leptin) were independently associated with RCC in logistic regression models, and only serum NAMPT was significantly associated with RCC severity (T stage). CONCLUSIONS Lower plasma levels of adiponectin, and higher levels of RBP4 and NAMPT, are strongly correlated with RCC, indicating that these adipokines could be used as biomarkers for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seock Hwan Choi
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Salemi Z, Rafie E, Goodarzi MT, Ghaffari MA. Effect of Metformin, Acarbose and Their Combination on the Serum Visfatin Level in Nicotinamide/Streptozocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e23814. [PMID: 27247792 PMCID: PMC4884299 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.23814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with life-threatening complications. Metformin and acarbose are two oral antidiabetic drugs. OBJECTIVES This experimental study was designed and carried out at the Arak University of Medical Sciences in Arak, Iran, to investigate the effects of these drugs (both alone and in combination) on glycemic control, lipid profile, and serum visfatin levels in nicotinamide/streptozotocin type 2 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Type 2 diabetes was induced in 30 male Wistar rats by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally (IP) 15 minutes after the IP administration of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg body weight). After one week, the diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups. Three diabetic groups were treated with 150 mg/kg/day of metformin, acarbose (40 mg/100 g of diet), or a combination of the two for six weeks, respectively. Biochemical parameters, including fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, insulin, and visfatin were assessed and compared with those of the control diabetic group. RESULTS The data showed metformin, acarbose, and acarbose + metformin downregulated visfatin levels in diabetic rats, but only the reduction in metformin-treated rats was significant (162 ± 21.7, 195.66 ± 6.45 (ng/l), P = 0.001). Fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin decreased significantly in all treated rats, specifically in the treated group that received the two drugs in combination. The serum insulin level was also reduced in all treated groups, and it was significant in the acarbose (P < 0.05) and the combination therapy groups (P < 0.05). The lipid profile improved in all treated groups. CONCLUSIONS Compared with acarbose or metformin monotherapy, the addition of acarbose to metformin had superior antihyperglycemia efficacy and provided an efficacious and safe alternative for the treatment of type 2 diabetic rats. Acarbose/metformin reduced the fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin without significant changes in serum visfatin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Salemi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Zahra Salemi, Department of Biochemistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9183645842, Fax: +98-8634173529, E-mail:
| | - Elham Rafie
- Department of Biochemistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
| | - Mohamad Taghi Goodarzi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran
| | - Mohamad ali Ghaffari
- Department of Biochemistry, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
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Rappou E, Jukarainen S, Rinnankoski-Tuikka R, Kaye S, Heinonen S, Hakkarainen A, Lundbom J, Lundbom N, Saunavaara V, Rissanen A, Virtanen KA, Pirinen E, Pietiläinen KH. Weight Loss Is Associated With Increased NAD(+)/SIRT1 Expression But Reduced PARP Activity in White Adipose Tissue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:1263-73. [PMID: 26760174 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are 2 important nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)(+)-dependent enzyme families with opposing metabolic effects. Energy shortage increases NAD(+) biosynthesis and SIRT activity but reduces PARP activity in animals. Effects of energy balance on these pathways in humans are unknown. OBJECTIVE We compared NAD(+)/SIRT pathway expressions and PARP activities in sc adipose tissue (SAT) between lean and obese subjects and investigated their change in the obese subjects during a 12-month weight loss. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS SAT biopsies were obtained from 19 clinically healthy obese subjects (mean ± SE body mass index, 34.6 ± 2.7 kg/m(2)) during a weight-loss intervention (0, 5, and 12 mo) and from 19 lean reference subjects (body mass index, 22.7 ± 1.1 kg/m(2)) at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES SAT mRNA expressions of SIRTs 1-7 and the rate-limiting gene in NAD(+) biosynthesis, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) were measured by Affymetrix, and total PARP activity by ELISA kit. RESULTS SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT7, and NAMPT expressions were significantly lower, whereas total PARP activity was increased in obese compared with lean subjects. SIRT1 and NAMPT expressions increased in obese subjects between 0 and 5 months, after a mean weight loss of 11.7%. In subjects who continued to lose weight between 5 and 12 months, SIRT1 expression increased progressively, whereas in subjects with weight regain, SIRT1 reverted to baseline levels. PARP activity significantly decreased in all subjects upon weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Calorie restriction is an attractive strategy to improve the NAD(+)/SIRT pathway and decrease PARPs in SAT in human obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rappou
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Jukarainen
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rita Rinnankoski-Tuikka
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Kaye
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sini Heinonen
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Hakkarainen
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jesper Lundbom
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Lundbom
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virva Saunavaara
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aila Rissanen
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi A Virtanen
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Pirinen
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit (E.R., S.J., S.K., S.H., A.R., K.H.P.), Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Program for Molecular Neurology (R.R.-T., E.P.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Medical Imaging Center (A.H., J.L., N.L.), Radiology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology (J.L.), German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Turku Positron Emission Tomography Center (V.S., K.A.V.), Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (K.H.P.), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Endocrinology (K.H.P.), Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Kacso AC, Bondor CI, Coman AL, Potra AR, Georgescu CE. Determinants of visfatin in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic kidney disease: Relationship to inflammation, adiposity and undercarboxylated osteocalcin. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2016; 76:217-25. [PMID: 26922969 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2015.1137349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visfatin is a proinflammatory molecule with possible actions on glucose metabolism. Interactions to bone metabolism and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (uOC) in diabetic patients (T2DP) with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) have not been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 51 incident T2DP with DKD. History, laboratory evaluation, anthropometry, visfatin, uOC were obtained. Fifteen T2DP without DKD were used as controls. RESULTS Visfatin was similar in DKD patients and controls: 1.56(0.97-3.03) versus 2.04(1.08-3.21) ng/mL, p = 0.51. In controls, visfatin positively correlated with diabetes duration (r = 0.63, p = 0.01) and negatively with uOC (r = -0.57, p = 0.03). In multivariate regression, diabetes duration remained significant (p = 0.01). In patients with DKD, visfatin was positively linked to C reactive protein (r = 0.27, p = 0.05), tricipital skin fold (TSF) (r = 0.41, p = 0.004) and leukocytes (r = 0.37, p = 0.01); the latter two parameters predicted visfatin in multivariate model (p = 0.001). In normoalbuminuric patients, visfatin was linked to body mass index (r = 0.32, p = 0.04), waist circumference (r = 0.42, p < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.33, p = 0.03), serum glucose (r = 0.36, p = 0.03) and glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.41, p = 0.007); there was a trend towards negative correlation to uOC (r = -0.28, p = 0.07); only glycaemia remained significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.04). Albuminuric patients displayed a positive correlation of visfatin to waist to hip ratio (r = 0.41, p = 0.04) and leukocytes (r = 0.56, p = 0.04); the latter remained significant in multivariate regression (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION The main determinant of visfatin in T2D patients with DKD is inflammation; in normoalbuminuric patients, a positive link to adiposity and altered glycemic control and a trend towards a negative correlation to uOC was observable; the latter relationship was evident in patients without DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C Kacso
- a University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca
| | - Cosmina I Bondor
- b Department of Informatics and Biostatistics , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Anca L Coman
- c Department of Nephrology , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Alina R Potra
- c Department of Nephrology , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Carmen E Georgescu
- d Department of Endocrinology , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
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Kocelak P, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Owczarek A, Bozentowicz-Wikarek M, Brzozowska A, Mossakowska M, Skalska A, Wiecek A, Chudek J. Plasma visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (visfatin/NAMPT) concentration is not related to kidney function in elderly subjects. Clin Chem Lab Med 2016; 53:793-9. [PMID: 25274953 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2014-0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies assessing plasma visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) concentrations in chronic kidney disease with the ELISA method are restricted mainly to subjects with end-stage kidney disease. Therefore, little is known about to what extent glomerular filtration rate (GFR) affects the plasma levels of visfatin/NAMPT. The aim of this study was to assess the relations between circulating visfatin/NAMPT levels and estimated GFR (eGFR), independently of potential confounders such as inflammation, nutritional status, and insulin resistance in the elderly population. METHODS The analysis included 3023 elderly subjects (1076 with impaired kidney excretory function - eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) who were participants of the PolSenior study. Serum insulin, glucose, creatinine, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and plasma visfatin/NAMPT concentrations were measured by a highly specific ELISA method. Insulin resistance was assessed on the basis of homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, and kidney excretory function was assessed using the full MDRD formula. RESULTS Similar plasma visfatin/NAMPT levels were found in subjects with eGFR ≥60 and <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (0.96 ng/mL in both groups), and even in those subjects with eGFR 15-30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (0.83 ng/mL). Additionally, there was no association between plasma visfatin/NAMPT concentrations and eGFR values in models of regression analysis including confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study suggest that plasma visfatin/NAMPT levels are not affected by impaired kidney excretory function in elderly subjects.
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Sawicka-Gutaj N, Zybek-Kocik A, Klimowicz A, Kloska M, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Sowiński J, Ruchała M. Circulating Visfatin in Hypothyroidism Is Associated with Free Thyroid Hormones and Antithyroperoxidase Antibodies. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:7402469. [PMID: 26884761 PMCID: PMC4739229 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7402469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that regulation of visfatin in hypothyroidism might be altered by coexisting chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. This is a prospective case-control study of 118 subjects. The autoimmune study group (AIT) consisted of 39 patients newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism in a course of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. The nonautoimmune study group (TT) consisted of 40 patients thyroidectomized due to the differentiated thyroid cancer staged pT1. The control group comprised 39 healthy volunteers adjusted for age, sex, and BMI with normal thyroid function and negative thyroid antibodies. Exclusion criteria consisted of other autoimmune diseases, active neoplastic disease, diabetes mellitus, and infection, which were reported to alter visfatin level. Fasting blood samples were taken for visfatin, TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), glucose, and insulin levels. The highest visfatin serum concentration was in AIT group, and healthy controls had visfatin level higher than TT (p = 0.0001). Simple linear regression analysis revealed that visfatin serum concentration was significantly associated with autoimmunity (β = 0.1014; p = 0.003), FT4 (β = 0.05412; p = 0.048), FT3 (β = 0.05242; p = 0.038), and TPOAb (β = 0.0002; p = 0.0025), and the relationships were further confirmed in the multivariate regression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
- *Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj:
| | - Ariadna Zybek-Kocik
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Klimowicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Kloska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sowiński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewski Street 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
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Salama HM, Galal A, Motawie AA, Kamel AF, Ibrahim DM, Aly AA, Hassan EA. Adipokines Vaspin and Visfatin in Obese Children. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2015; 3:563-6. [PMID: 27275288 PMCID: PMC4877888 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines provides new insights about the physiology, pathology and treatment of obesity. AIM We investigated the association between serum vaspin and serum visfatin concentrations with obesity in Egyptian children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty two obese children with body mass index (BMI) above 95th percentile; 11 males and 11 females were included in this study. Their mean age was 9.18 ± 2.8 years. After general clinical examination, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured in cases and controls (n=11). Fasting insulin, vaspin and visfatin were detected using ELIZA. Insulin resistance was estimated by Homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR). RESULTS Blood pressure, in both systolic and diastolic measurements was elevated significantly in obese children. Significant elevation of serum insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA/IR) were observed in obese children too. Vaspin and visfatin showed significant elevation in obese children than controls. Significant positive correlations were detected between visfatin and BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and HOMA/IR. We found that Vaspin and visfatin are higher in obese children. CONCLUSION Visfatin but not vaspin correlates positively with waist circumference and HOMA/IR in obese children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashraf Galal
- National Research Centre, Pediatrics, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Azza A Aly
- National Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Clinical Pathology, Cairo, Egypt
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Adipokines and their receptors: potential new targets in cardiovascular diseases. Future Med Chem 2015; 7:139-57. [PMID: 25686003 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an 'endocrine organ' that influences diverse physiological and pathological processes via adipokines secretion. Strong evidences suggest that epicardial and perivascular adipose tissue can directly regulate heart and vessels' structure and function. Indeed, in obesity there is a shift toward the secretion of adipokines that promote a pro-inflammatory status and contribute to obesity cardiomyopathy. The prospect of modulating adipokines and/or their receptors represents an attractive perspective to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, we described the most important actions of certain adipokines and their receptors that are capable of influencing cardiovascular physiology as well as their possible use as therapeutic targets.
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Impact of Treatment with Metformin on Adipocytokines in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140565. [PMID: 26473366 PMCID: PMC4608563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metformin is effective for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome, but conflicting results regarding its effect on adipocytokine levels (adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, and leptin) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome receiving metformin treatment have been reported. To provide high-quality evidence about the effect of metformin treatment on adipocytokines in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, relevant studies that assessed the levels of adipocytokines (adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, and leptin) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome receiving treatment with metformin administration were reviewed and analyzed. Methods A literature search was conducted in the SCI, PUBMED, EMBASE, and Elsevier databases, and personal contact was made with the authors. Standard mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and combined appropriately. To ensure synthesis of the best available evidence, sensitivity analyses were performed. Results A total of 34 data sets were included in 4 different outcomes, involving 744 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and adipocytokine levels measured both before and after metformin administration. Metformin treatment was associated with significantly elevated serum adiponectin concentrations (standard mean differences [95% confidence interval], −0.43 [−0.75 to −0.11]) and decreased serum leptin concentrations (0.65 [0.26 to 1.04]), whereas no significant difference in resistin level (−0.01 [−0.49 to 0.45]) or visfatin level (−0.04 [−1.55 to 1.46]) was found. Conclusions Metformin administration was associated with increased serum adiponectin concentrations and decreased serum leptin levels. Further study is needed to elucidate whether this apparent effect decreases the incidence of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
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Saboori S, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Yousefi Rad E, Hosseini M, Mirzaei K, Ahmadivand Z. The comparison of serum vaspin and visfatin concentrations in obese and normal weight women. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2015; 9:320-323. [PMID: 25470626 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is evidence based studies which show that plasma level of visfatin and vaspin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus elevate in comparison with healthy people. But there is no consistency in plasma visfatin and vaspin concentration between studies done on obese people. For this reason, the aim of this study is to investigate the serum level concentrations of visfatin and vaspin in obese women compared to normal weight women. MATERIALS AND METHODS The participants of this study consist of 43 women aged 20-50, and 43 healthy women with normal weight as a control group. They were matched for age and physical activity. 24h food recall was used to collect dietary information from subjects. Moreover, blood sampling was taken to measure the blood levels of sugar, lipid profile, vaspin and visfatin. RESULTS The mean serum level of visfatin was not statistically different between obese and normal weight women. But, the obese women had statistically higher mean serum level of vaspin than normal women (p=0.04). We found no relations between serum levels of vaspin with serum concentration of visfatin. Also, serum levels of these two adipokines were not related to the serum concentrations of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyserides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Also, there was a significant positive relationship between carbohydrate intake and serum visfatin level in women participating to this study (p=0.018, r=0.257). CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that the level of serum vaspin was significantly higher in obese women. But there were no differences in serum levels of visfatin in comparison to normal weight women. Meanwhile this study demonstrated a positive relationship between serum levels of visfatin with dietary intake of carbohydrate, but no relationship between serum level of visfatin and vaspin in women participating in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saboori
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, school of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M J Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, school of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - E Yousefi Rad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, school of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Hosseini
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, school of Public Heath, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, school of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Ahmadivand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, school of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ha CH, Swearingin B, Jeon YK. Relationship of visfatin level to pancreatic endocrine hormone level, HOMA-IR index, and HOMA β-cell index in overweight women who performed hydraulic resistance exercise. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2965-9. [PMID: 26504336 PMCID: PMC4616137 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the correlation of visfatin level to pancreatic
endocrine hormone level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)
index, and HOMA β-cell index in hydraulic resistance exercise. Furthermore, it
investigated the relationship between visfatin level and other variables affected by
exercise in overweight women. [Subjects and Methods] The exercise group trained for 12
weeks, 70 minutes/day, 5 days/week. Visfatin level, pancreatic endocrine hormone level,
HOMA-IR index, and HOMA β-cell index were measured before and after the intervention.
Based on the blood insulin and glucose concentrations, HOMA-IR index, the indicator of
insulin resistance, and HOMA β-cell index, the indicator of insulin secretion level, were
assessed. [Results] Interaction effects on visfatin level, insulin level, HOMA-IR index,
and HOMA β-cell index were observed. Interaction effects on glucagon and glucose levels
were not observed between the intervention groups. The correlations of visfatin level to
insulin, glucagon, and glucose levels, and HOMA-IR and HOMA β-cell indexes were not
significant for any of the subjects. [Conclusion] Therefore, the 12-week resistance
exercise affected body composition, visfatin level, insulin level, HOMA-IR index, and HOMA
β-cell index. Finally, visfatin was not related to insulin, glucagon, and glucose levels,
and HOMA-IR and HOMA β-cell indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Ha
- Department of Human Performance and Leisure Studies, North Carolina A&T State University, USA
| | | | - Yong Kyun Jeon
- Department of Physical Education, Dankook University, Republic of Korea
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Papaetis GS, Papakyriakou P, Panagiotou TN. Central obesity, type 2 diabetes and insulin: exploring a pathway full of thorns. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:463-82. [PMID: 26170839 PMCID: PMC4495144 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.52350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing. This is strongly related to the contemporary lifestyle changes that have resulted in increased rates of overweight individuals and obesity. Central (intra-abdominal) obesity is observed in the majority of patients with T2D. It is associated with insulin resistance, mainly at the level of skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver. The discovery of macrophage infiltration in the abdominal adipose tissue and the unbalanced production of adipocyte cytokines (adipokines) was an essential step towards novel research perspectives for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the development of insulin resistance. Furthermore, in an obese state, the increased cellular uptake of non-esterified fatty acids is exacerbated without any subsequent β-oxidation. This in turn contributes to the accumulation of intermediate lipid metabolites that cause defects in the insulin signaling pathway. This paper examines the possible cellular mechanisms that connect central obesity with defects in the insulin pathway. It discusses the discrepancies observed from studies organized in cell cultures, animal models and humans. Finally, it emphasizes the need for therapeutic strategies in order to achieve weight reduction in overweight and obese patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios S. Papaetis
- Diabetes Clinic, Paphos, Cyprus
- Diabetes Clinic, 3 Department of Medicine, University of Athens Medical School, ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Themistoklis N. Panagiotou
- Diabetes Clinic, 3 Department of Medicine, University of Athens Medical School, ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Body Composition, Lipid Profile, Adipokine Concentration, and Antioxidant Capacity Changes during Interventions to Treat Overweight with Exercise Programme and Whole-Body Cryostimulation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:803197. [PMID: 26171117 PMCID: PMC4485500 DOI: 10.1155/2015/803197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of six-month-long physical exercise programme with a two-time exposure to whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) in 20 sessions on antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid profile, and body composition changes in obese people (30 adult subjects; BMI = 30.39 ± 4.31 kg/m(2)). Blood samples were taken before the programme, one month following the exercise programme, before and after the first WBC treatment, six months following the exercise programme, after the second WBC treatment, and finally one month after the intervention. Six months of moderate aerobic activity combined with WBC did not change body mass or fat and lean body mass percentages, or circulating adiponectin, leptin, and resistin concentrations. In response to intervention a significant decrease in the level of low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides was observed, with a slight increase in high-density lipoprotein concentration. The nature of changes in the activity of respective antioxidant enzymes was not identical. After one month of increased physical activity, a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase activities was observed (13%, 8%, and 70%, resp.). The SOD activity increased significantly after successive whole-body cryostimulation sessions. As regards catalase, a significant progressive decrease in its activity was observed.
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Kotnik P, Fischer Posovszky P, Wabitsch M. Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Adipose Tissue in Children and Adolescents. Zdr Varst 2015; 54:131-8. [PMID: 27646920 PMCID: PMC4820166 DOI: 10.1515/sjph-2015-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is implicated in many endocrine and metabolic processes. Leptin was among the first identified adipose-secreted factors, which act in an auto-, para- and endocrine manner. Since leptin, many other adipose tissue factors were determined, some primarily secreted from the adipocytes, some from other cells of the adipose tissue. So-called adipokines are not only involved in obesity and its complications, as are insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and other components of the metabolic syndrome, but also in growth, reproduction, bone metabolism, immune response, cancer development and many other important biological processes. Research in the field of adipokines has revealed new insights into the physiological and pathophysiologal processes and opened new therapeutic possibilities. In the present article, a special emphasis is devoted to research in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primož Kotnik
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, University Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Bohoriceva 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Seidel M, King JA, Ritschel F, Döpmann J, Bühren K, Seitz J, Roessner V, Westphal S, Egberts K, Burghardt R, Wewetzer C, Fleischhaker C, Hebebrand J, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Ehrlich S. Serum visfatin concentration in acutely ill and weight-recovered patients with anorexia nervosa. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 53:127-35. [PMID: 25617618 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Visfatin is a recently described protein that is thought to regulate the process of adipocyte differentiation. Findings suggest that visfatin may be actively involved in the control of weight regulatory networks. However, to what extent and which role it plays in eating disorders is still poorly understood, as mixed results have been reported. The aim of the current study was to investigate serum visfatin concentrations on a cross sectional sample between acute anorexia nervosa patients (n=44), weight recovered patients (n=13) and healthy controls (n=46) and a longitudinal sample of acute patients (n=57) during weight recovery at three different time-points. Results did not show significant differences in visfatin between the three groups; however, acute patients showed a higher visfatin/BMI-SDS ratio than controls and recovered patients. Longitudinal results revealed an increase of visfatin levels during therapy. Our results suggest that high ratios of visfatin/BMI-SDS could be a state marker in acute anorexia nervosa, displaying a compensatory mechanism of the individual to maintain normal visfatin levels under malnourished conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Seidel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorder Services and Research Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Joseph A King
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorder Services and Research Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Ritschel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorder Services and Research Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Döpmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Bühren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University, Neuenhofer Weg 21, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Seitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University, Neuenhofer Weg 21, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorder Services and Research Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Westphal
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Magdeburg University Hospital, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karin Egberts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, University Würzburg, Füchsleinstrasse 15, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Burghardt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Wewetzer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Cologne, University Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 10, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Fleischhaker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Freiburg, University Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 8, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Wickenburgstrasse 21, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH University, Neuenhofer Weg 21, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorder Services and Research Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C. G. Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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