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Korlimarla A, Lim JA, McIntosh P, Zimmerman K, Sun BD, Kishnani PS. New Insights into Gastrointestinal Involvement in Late-Onset Pompe Disease: Lessons Learned from Bench and Bedside. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153395. [PMID: 34362174 PMCID: PMC8347662 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are new emerging phenotypes in Pompe disease, and studies on smooth muscle pathology are limited. Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are poorly understood and underreported in Pompe disease. METHODS To understand the extent and the effects of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT; alglucosidase alfa) in Pompe disease, we studied the histopathology (entire GI tract) in Pompe mice (GAAKO 6neo/6neo). To determine the disease burden in patients with late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD), we used Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurements Information System (PROMIS)-GI symptom scales and a GI-focused medical history. RESULTS Pompe mice showed early, extensive, and progressive glycogen accumulation throughout the GI tract. Long-term ERT (6 months) was more effective to clear the glycogen accumulation than short-term ERT (5 weeks). GI manifestations were highly prevalent and severe, presented early in life, and were not fully amenable to ERT in patients with LOPD (n = 58; age range: 18-79 years, median age: 51.55 years; 35 females; 53 on ERT). CONCLUSION GI manifestations cause a significant disease burden on adults with LOPD, and should be evaluated during routine clinical visits, using quantitative tools (PROMIS-GI measures). The study also highlights the need for next generation therapies for Pompe disease that target the smooth muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Korlimarla
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.-A.L.); (B.D.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (P.S.K.)
| | - Jeong-A Lim
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.-A.L.); (B.D.S.)
| | - Paul McIntosh
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | | | - Baodong D. Sun
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.-A.L.); (B.D.S.)
| | - Priya S. Kishnani
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (J.-A.L.); (B.D.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (P.S.K.)
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2
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Rosenberg JB, Chen A, De BP, Dyke JP, Ballon DJ, Monette S, Ricart Arbona RJ, Kaminsky SM, Crystal RG, Sondhi D. Safety of Direct Intraparenchymal AAVrh.10-Mediated Central Nervous System Gene Therapy for Metachromatic Leukodystrophy. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:563-580. [PMID: 33380277 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy, a fatal pediatric neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) gene, is characterized by intracellular accumulation of sulfatides in the lysosomes of cells of the central nervous system (CNS). In previous studies, we have demonstrated efficacy of AAVrh.10hARSA, an adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype rh.10 vector coding for the human ARSA gene to the CNS of a mouse model of the disease, and that catheter-based intraparenchymal administration of AAVrh.10hARSA to the CNS of nonhuman primates (NHPs) white matter results in widespread expression of ARSA. As a formal dose-escalating safety/toxicology study, we assessed the safety of intraparenchymal delivery of AAVrh.10hARSA vector to 12 sites in the white matter of the CNS of NHPs at 2.85 × 1010 (total low dose, 2.4 × 109 genome copies [gc]/site) and 1.5 × 1012 (total high dose, 1.3 × 1011 gc/site) gc, compared to AAVrh.10Null (1.5 × 1012 gc total, 1.3 × 1011 gc/site) as a vector control, and phosphate buffered saline for a sham surgical control. No significant adverse effects were observed in animals treated with low dose AAVrh.10hARSA. However, animals treated with the high dose AAVrh.10ARSA and the high dose Null vector had highly localized CNS abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging scans at the sites of catheter infusions, and histopathology demonstrated that these sites were associated with infiltrates of T cells, B cells, microglial cells, and/or macrophages. Although these findings had no clinical consequences, these safety data contribute to understanding the dose limits for CNS white matter direct intraparenchymal administration of AAVrh.10 vectors for treatment of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Rosenberg
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alvin Chen
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bishnu P De
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan P Dyke
- Department of Radiology, Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Douglas J Ballon
- Department of Radiology, Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen M Kaminsky
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Meena NK, Raben N. Pompe Disease: New Developments in an Old Lysosomal Storage Disorder. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1339. [PMID: 32962155 PMCID: PMC7564159 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pompe disease, also known as glycogen storage disease type II, is caused by the lack or deficiency of a single enzyme, lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase, leading to severe cardiac and skeletal muscle myopathy due to progressive accumulation of glycogen. The discovery that acid alpha-glucosidase resides in the lysosome gave rise to the concept of lysosomal storage diseases, and Pompe disease became the first among many monogenic diseases caused by loss of lysosomal enzyme activities. The only disease-specific treatment available for Pompe disease patients is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) which aims to halt the natural course of the illness. Both the success and limitations of ERT provided novel insights in the pathophysiology of the disease and motivated the scientific community to develop the next generation of therapies that have already progressed to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Raben
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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4
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Chien YH, Tsai WH, Chang CL, Chiu PC, Chou YY, Tsai FJ, Wong SL, Lee NC, Hwu WL. Earlier and higher dosing of alglucosidase alfa improve outcomes in patients with infantile-onset Pompe disease: Evidence from real-world experiences. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 23:100591. [PMID: 32373469 PMCID: PMC7193123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), the only approved therapy for infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD), had heterogeneous clinical effects due to factors such as severity, age at first treatment, dosage, and dosing regimens. We report the clinical and biochemical outcomes of a cohort of IOPD patients identified through newborn screening, and evaluating the dosage effect. Study design A retrospective observational study was designed to describe the long-term clinical and biochemical outcomes of a uniform cohort of IOPD patients who have been treated with high-dosage of ERT. Results Twenty-eight patients received alglucosidase alpha at either the labeled dosage followed by a high dosage (n = 23) or a high dosage exclusively (n = 5). At a median age of 8.3 years (0.8–17.3), 15 patients were walkers, 8 were weak walkers, and 5 were nonwalkers. The three groups exhibited a significant difference in the age of gross motor decline (p < .001). In patients with classical IOPD diagnosed through newborn screening, those late in ERT initiation (p = .006) or late in high-dosage ERT initiation (p = .044) had a higher risk of motor decline. At the latest assessment, both serum creatine kinase (CK) and urinary glucose tetrasaccharide (uGlc4) levels were lowest in the walkers. During follow up, the biomarker levels, once rose, never returned to normal. Conclusion Low CK and uGlc4 levels were correlated with favorable response to ERT in IOPD patients, although CK may be more fluctuated than uGlc4. High-dose ERT instituted immediately at newborn screening seems to give the best outcome, and a dosage increase is necessary upon – or, even better, before – a rise in biomarker levels. CK and uGlc4 levels were correlated with favorable response to ERT in IOPD patients. Once these biomarkers rose, they never returned to normal. High-dose ERT instituted immediately at newborn screening seems to give the best outcome.
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Key Words
- CK, creatine kinase
- CRIM, cross-reactive immunological material
- Dosage
- ERT, enzyme replacement therapy
- Early treatment
- Enzyme replacement therapy
- GAA, acid alpha-glucosidase
- GMFM, Gross Motor Function Measure
- IOPD, infantile-onset PD
- ITI, immune tolerance induction
- NBS, newborn screening
- Newborn screening
- PD, Pompe disease
- PDMS-2, Peabody Developmental Motor Scale, Second Edition
- Pompe disease
- uGlc4, urine glucose tetrasaccharide
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hsiu Chien
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chaw-Liang Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Cathay General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chin Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yin Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Siew-Lee Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Chung Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wuh-Liang Hwu
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Grover A, Crippen-Harmon D, Nave L, Vincelette J, Wait JCM, Melton AC, Lawrence R, Brown JR, Webster KA, Yip BK, Baridon B, Vitelli C, Rigney S, Christianson TM, Tiger PMN, Lo MJ, Holtzinger J, Shaywitz AJ, Crawford BE, Fitzpatrick PA, LeBowitz JH, Bullens S, Aoyagi-Scharber M, Bunting S, O'Neill CA, Pinkstaff J, Bagri A. Translational studies of intravenous and intracerebroventricular routes of administration for CNS cellular biodistribution for BMN 250, an enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of Sanfilippo type B. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:425-439. [PMID: 31942701 PMCID: PMC7066106 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BMN 250 is being developed as enzyme replacement therapy for Sanfilippo type B, a primarily neurological rare disease, in which patients have deficient lysosomal alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU) enzyme activity. BMN 250 is taken up in target cells by the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR, insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor), which then facilitates transit to the lysosome. BMN 250 is dosed directly into the central nervous system via the intracerebroventricular (ICV) route, and the objective of this work was to compare systemic intravenous (IV) and ICV delivery of BMN 250 to confirm the value of ICV dosing. We first assess the ability of enzyme to cross a potentially compromised blood-brain barrier in the Naglu-/- mouse model and then assess the potential for CI-MPR to be employed for receptor-mediated transport across the blood-brain barrier. In wild-type and Naglu-/- mice, CI-MPR expression in brain vasculature is high during the neonatal period but virtually absent by adolescence. In contrast, CI-MPR remains expressed through adolescence in non-affected non-human primate and human brain vasculature. Combined results from IV administration of BMN 250 in Naglu-/- mice and IV and ICV administration in healthy juvenile non-human primates suggest a limitation to therapeutic benefit from IV administration because enzyme distribution is restricted to brain vascular endothelial cells: enzyme does not reach target neuronal cells following IV administration, and pharmacological response following IV administration is likely restricted to clearance of substrate in endothelial cells. In contrast, ICV administration enables central nervous system enzyme replacement with biodistribution to target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Grover
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | | | - Lacey Nave
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Jon Vincelette
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Jill C M Wait
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Andrew C Melton
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Roger Lawrence
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Jillian R Brown
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | | | - Bryan K Yip
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Brian Baridon
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Catherine Vitelli
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Sara Rigney
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | | | - Pascale M N Tiger
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Melanie J Lo
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - John Holtzinger
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Adam J Shaywitz
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Brett E Crawford
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | | | | | - Sherry Bullens
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | | | - Stuart Bunting
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Charles A O'Neill
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA.
| | - Jason Pinkstaff
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
| | - Anil Bagri
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., 105 Digital Drive, Novato, CA, 94949, USA
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6
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Zhou Z, Austin GL, Shaffer R, Armstrong DD, Gentry MS. Antibody-Mediated Enzyme Therapeutics and Applications in Glycogen Storage Diseases. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:1094-1109. [PMID: 31522955 PMCID: PMC6889062 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of antibodies as targeting molecules or cell-penetrating tools has emerged at the forefront of pharmaceutical research. Antibody-directed therapies in the form of antibody-drug conjugates, immune modulators, and antibody-directed enzyme prodrugs have been most extensively utilized as hematological, rheumatological, and oncological therapies, but recent developments are identifying additional applications of antibody-mediated delivery systems. A novel application of this technology is for the treatment of glycogen storage disorders (GSDs) via an antibody-enzyme fusion (AEF) platform to penetrate cells and deliver an enzyme to the cytoplasm, nucleus, and/or other organelles. Exciting developments are currently underway for AEFs in the treatment of the GSDs Pompe disease and Lafora disease (LD). Antibody-based therapies are quickly becoming an integral part of modern disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqiu Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Grant L Austin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew S Gentry
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Lafora Epilepsy Cure Initiative, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Epilepsy and Brain Metabolism Alliance, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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7
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Takeda T, Komatsu M, Chiwaki F, Komatsuzaki R, Nakamura K, Tsuji K, Kobayashi Y, Tominaga E, Ono M, Banno K, Aoki D, Sasaki H. Upregulation of IGF2R evades lysosomal dysfunction-induced apoptosis of cervical cancer cells via transport of cathepsins. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:876. [PMID: 31748500 PMCID: PMC6868013 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in the world; however, the survival rates of advanced-stage and recurrent cervical cancer patients remain poor. The multifaced protein insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) has various ligands, represented as IGF-2 and mannose-6-phosphate (M6P)-tagged proteins. Regarding its antagonistic activity as an IGF1R signal, IGF2R is currently considered a tumor suppressor gene, whereas its significance as an M6P receptor is still unclear. Here, on the basis of transcriptome analysis of TCGA and GEO open datasets, we show that IGF2R is upregulated and correlated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer. Several experiments using cervical cancer cell lines revealed that IGF2R depletion induced apoptosis, decreased cell viability, and increased vulnerability to certain anticancer drug cisplatin. In contrast to its negligible impact in IGF1R signaling, loss of IGF2R disrupted the Golgi-to-lysosome transport of M6P-tagged cathepsins, resulting in decreased lysosomal activity, with their abnormal accumulation and dysfunction of both autophagy and mitophagy, which cause the accumulation of misfolded proteins and production of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, IGF2R has an oncogenic role through transportation of M6P-tagged cargo in cervical cancer and can be used as a predictive biomarker for prognostic classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Takeda
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komatsu
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Fumiko Chiwaki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Rie Komatsuzaki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kanako Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tsuji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Tominaga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Ono
- Department of Clinical Proteomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kouji Banno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sasaki
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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8
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Dalle Vedove E, Costabile G, Merkel OM. Mannose and Mannose-6-Phosphate Receptor-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems and Their Application in Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701398. [PMID: 29719138 PMCID: PMC6108418 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to overcome the main disadvantages of conventional cancer therapies, which prove to be inadequate because of their lack of selectivity, the development of targeted delivery systems is one of the main focuses in anticancer research. It is repeatedly shown that decorating the surface of nanocarriers with high-affinity targeting ligands, such as peptides or small molecules, is an effective way to selectively deliver therapeutics by enhancing their specific cellular uptake via the binding between a specific receptor and the nanosystems. Nowadays, the need of finding new potential biological targets with a high endocytic efficiency as well as a low tendency to mutate is urgent and, in this context, mannose and mannose-6-phosphate receptors appear promising to target anticancer drugs to cells where their expression is upregulated. Moreover, they open the path to encouraging applications in immune-based and gene therapies as well as in theragnostic purposes. In this work, the potential of mannose- and mannose-6-phosphate-targeted delivery systems in cancer therapy is discussed, emphasizing their broad application both in direct treatments against cancer cells with conventional chemotherapeutics or by gene therapy and also their encouraging capabilities in immunotherapy and diagnostics purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dalle Vedove
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriella Costabile
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81337 Munich, Germany
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9
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Rosenberg JB, Kaminsky SM, Aubourg P, Crystal RG, Sondhi D. Gene therapy for metachromatic leukodystrophy. J Neurosci Res 2017; 94:1169-79. [PMID: 27638601 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Leukodystrophies (LDs) are rare, often devastating genetic disorders with neurologic symptoms. There are currently no disease-specific therapeutic approaches for these diseases. In this review we use metachromatic leukodystrophy as an example to outline in the brief the therapeutic approaches to MLD that have been tested in animal models and in clinical trials, such as enzyme-replacement therapy, bone marrow/umbilical cord blood transplants, ex vivo transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells, and gene therapy. These studies suggest that to be successful the ideal therapy for MLD must provide persistent and high level expression of the deficient gene, arylsulfatase A in the CNS. Gene therapy using adeno-associated viruses is therefore the ideal choice for clinical development as it provides the best balance of potential for efficacy with reduced safety risk. Here we have summarized the published preclinical data from our group and from others that support the use of a gene therapy with AAVrh.10 serotype for clinical development as a treatment for MLD, and as an example of the potential of gene therapy for LDs especially for Krabbe disease, which is the focus of this special issue. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Rosenberg
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Stephen M Kaminsky
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
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10
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Wang Y, MacDonald RG, Thinakaran G, Kar S. Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II/Cation-Independent Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54:2636-2658. [PMID: 26993302 PMCID: PMC5901910 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor II/mannose 6-phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptor is a multifunctional single transmembrane glycoprotein. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the structure, ligand-binding properties, and trafficking of the IGF-II/M6P receptor. This receptor has been implicated in a variety of important cellular processes including growth and development, clearance of IGF-II, proteolytic activation of enzymes, and growth factor precursors, in addition to its well-known role in the delivery of lysosomal enzymes. The IGF-II/M6P receptor, distributed widely in the central nervous system, has additional roles in mediating neurotransmitter release and memory enhancement/consolidation, possibly through activating IGF-II-related intracellular signaling pathways. Recent studies suggest that overexpression of the IGF-II/M6P receptor may have an important role in regulating the levels of transcripts and proteins involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-the prevalent cause of dementia affecting the elderly population in our society. It is reported that IGF-II/M6P receptor overexpression can increase the levels/processing of amyloid precursor protein leading to the generation of β-amyloid peptide, which is associated with degeneration of neurons and subsequent development of AD pathology. Given the significance of the receptor in mediating the transport and functioning of the lysosomal enzymes, it is being considered for therapeutic delivery of enzymes to the lysosomes to treat lysosomal storage disorders. Notwithstanding these results, additional studies are required to validate and fully characterize the function of the IGF-II/M6P receptor in the normal brain and its involvement in various neurodegenerative disorders including AD. It is also critical to understand the interaction between the IGF-II/M6P receptor and lysosomal enzymes in neurodegenerative processes, which may shed some light on developing approaches to detect and prevent neurodegeneration through the dysfunction of the receptor and the endosomal-lysosomal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M8, Canada
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - R G MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - G Thinakaran
- Departments of Neurobiology, Neurology, and Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - S Kar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M8, Canada.
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M8, Canada.
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11
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Bohnsack RN, Warejcka DJ, Wang L, Gillespie SR, Bernstein AM, Twining SS, Dahms NM. Expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor in corneal keratocytes during differentiation and in response to wound healing. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:7697-708. [PMID: 25358730 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) associates with ligands that influence wound healing outcomes. However, the expression pattern of IGF2R and its role in the cornea is unknown. METHODS Human keratocytes were isolated from donor corneas. Fibroblasts (fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF2]-treated) or myofibroblasts (TGF-β1-treated) were analyzed for IGF2R and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by Western blotting and immunolocalization. Mouse corneas were wounded in vivo and porcine corneas ex vivo. The IGF2R and α-SMA protein expression were visualized and quantified by immunohistochemistry. The IGF2R gene expression in human corneal fibroblasts was knocked-down with targeted lentiviral shRNA. RESULTS The IGF2R is expressed in epithelial and stromal cells of normal human, mouse, and porcine corneas. The IGF2R increases (11.2 ± 0.4-fold) in the epithelial and (11.7 ± 0.9-fold) stromal layers of in vivo wounded mouse corneas. Double-staining with α-SMA- and IGF2R-specific antibodies reveals that IGF2R protein expression is increased in stromal myofibroblasts in the wounded cornea relative to keratocytes in the normal cornea (11.2 ± 0.8-fold). Human primary stromal keratocytes incubated with FGF2 or TGF-β1 in vitro demonstrate increased expression (2.0 ± 0.4-fold) of IGF2R in myofibroblasts relative to fibroblasts. Conversion of IGF2R shRNA-lentiviral particle transduced corneal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts reveals a dependence on IGF2R expression, as only 40% ± 10% of cells transduced converted to myofibroblasts compared to 86% ± 3% in control cells. CONCLUSIONS The IGF2R protein expression is increased during corneal wound healing and IGF2R regulates human corneal fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Bohnsack
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Debra J Warejcka
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | | | - Audrey M Bernstein
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sally S Twining
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Nancy M Dahms
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
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12
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Rosenberg JB, Sondhi D, Rubin DG, Monette S, Chen A, Cram S, De BP, Kaminsky SM, Sevin C, Aubourg P, Crystal RG. Comparative efficacy and safety of multiple routes of direct CNS administration of adeno-associated virus gene transfer vector serotype rh.10 expressing the human arylsulfatase A cDNA to nonhuman primates. HUM GENE THER CL DEV 2014; 25:164-77. [PMID: 25144894 DOI: 10.1089/humc.2013.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), a fatal disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase A (ARSA), is associated with an accumulation of sulfatides, causing widespread demyelination in both central and peripheral nervous systems. On the basis of prior studies demonstrating that adeno-associated virus AAVrh.10 can mediate widespread distribution in the CNS of a secreted lysosomal transgene, and as a prelude to human trials, we comparatively assessed the optimal CNS delivery route of an AAVrh.10 vector encoding human ARSA in a large animal model for broadest distribution of ARSA enzyme. Five routes were tested (each total dose, 1.5 × 10(12) genome copies of AAVrh.10hARSA-FLAG): (1) delivery to white matter centrum ovale; (2) deep gray matter delivery (putamen, thalamus, and caudate) plus overlying white matter; (3) convection-enhanced delivery to same deep gray matter locations; (4) lateral cerebral ventricle; and (5) intraarterial delivery with hyperosmotic mannitol to the middle cerebral artery. After 13 weeks, the distribution of ARSA activity subsequent to each of the three direct intraparenchymal administration routes was significantly higher than in phosphate-buffered saline-administered controls, but administration by the intraventricular and intraarterial routes failed to demonstrate measurable levels above controls. Immunohistochemical staining in the cortex, white matter, deep gray matter of the striatum, thalamus, choroid plexus, and spinal cord dorsal root ganglions confirmed these results. Of the five routes studied, administration to the white matter generated the broadest distribution of ARSA, with 80% of the brain displaying more than a therapeutic (10%) increase in ARSA activity above PBS controls. No significant toxicity was observed with any delivery route as measured by safety parameters, although some inflammatory changes were seen by histopathology. We conclude that AAVrh.10-mediated delivery of ARSA via CNS administration into the white matter is likely to be safe and yields the widest distribution of ARSA, making it the most suitable route of vector delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Rosenberg
- 1 Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY 10065
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13
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Spampanato C, Feeney E, Li L, Cardone M, Lim JA, Annunziata F, Zare H, Polishchuk R, Puertollano R, Parenti G, Ballabio A, Raben N. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a new therapeutic target for Pompe disease. EMBO Mol Med 2013; 5:691-706. [PMID: 23606558 PMCID: PMC3662313 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201202176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A recently proposed therapeutic approach for lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) relies upon the ability of transcription factor EB (TFEB) to stimulate autophagy and induce lysosomal exocytosis leading to cellular clearance. This approach is particularly attractive in glycogen storage disease type II [a severe metabolic myopathy, Pompe disease (PD)] as the currently available therapy, replacement of the missing enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase, fails to reverse skeletal muscle pathology. PD, a paradigm for LSDs, is characterized by both lysosomal abnormality and dysfunctional autophagy. Here, we show that TFEB is a viable therapeutic target in PD: overexpression of TFEB in a new muscle cell culture system and in mouse models of the disease reduced glycogen load and lysosomal size, improved autophagosome processing, and alleviated excessive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles. Unexpectedly, the exocytosed vesicles were labelled with lysosomal and autophagosomal membrane markers, suggesting that TFEB induces exocytosis of autophagolysosomes. Furthermore, the effects of TFEB were almost abrogated in the setting of genetically suppressed autophagy, supporting the role of autophagy in TFEB-mediated cellular clearance.
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14
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Li HM, Feeney E, Li L, Zare H, Puertollano R, Raben N. WITHDRAWN: Clearance of lysosomal glycogen accumulation by Transcription factor EB (TFEB) in muscle cells from lysosomal alpha-glucosidase deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013:S0006-291X(13)00272-6. [PMID: 23416076 PMCID: PMC3687018 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Ming Li
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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15
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Banugaria SG, Patel TT, Mackey J, Das S, Amalfitano A, Rosenberg AS, Charrow J, Chen YT, Kishnani PS. Persistence of high sustained antibodies to enzyme replacement therapy despite extensive immunomodulatory therapy in an infant with Pompe disease: need for agents to target antibody-secreting plasma cells. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 105:677-80. [PMID: 22365055 PMCID: PMC3711263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with alglucosidase alfa (rhGAA, Myozyme®) for Pompe disease, the clinical course of the disease has changed. We have previously described the poor outcome in cross reactive immunologic material (CRIM)-negative and high-titer CRIM-positive (HTCP) patients secondary to high sustained antibody titers (HSAT) which effectively neutralize ERT efficacy. Various immunomodulation strategies are being explored to diminish the immune response to ERT. However, once HSAT are formed, tolerization therapy has uniformly failed to lower antibody titers. Here we describe a case in which immunomodulation over a prolonged period of 28 months with cyclophosphamide, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, increased doses of rhGAA and rituximab failed to lower antibody titers and resulted in continued clinical decline in an infantile Pompe disease patient treated with ERT. Thus, it appears that the failure to target the antibody-secreting plasma cells responsible for HSAT led to a failure of tolerance induction. This is the first report using this combination of agents over a very extensive period of time with no success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhrad G. Banugaria
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Trusha T. Patel
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joanne Mackey
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Stuti Das
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrea Amalfitano
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amy S. Rosenberg
- Division of Therapeutic Proteins, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joel Charrow
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Y.-T. Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Priya S. Kishnani
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Corresponding author at: DUMC Box 103856, GSRB I, 4th Floor, 905 LaSalle Street, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Fax: +1 919 684 8944. (P.S. Kishnani)
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16
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Kalla Singh S, Tan QW, Brito C, De León M, De León D. Insulin-like growth factors I and II receptors in the breast cancer survival disparity among African-American women. Growth Horm IGF Res 2010; 20:245-254. [PMID: 20347606 PMCID: PMC2875325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Revised: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE African-American (AA) women with breast cancer are more likely to have advanced disease at diagnosis, higher risk of recurrence and poorer prognosis than Caucasian (CA) women. We have recently shown higher insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) expression in paired breast tissue samples from AA women as compared to CA women. IGF-II is a potent mitogen that induces cell proliferation and survival signals through activation of the IGF-I and Insulin receptors (IGF-IR, IR) while IGF-II circulating levels are regulated by cellular uptake through the IGF2 receptor. We hypothesize that differential expression of the IGF1R and IGF2R among AA and CA women potentiates IGF-II mitogenic effects, thus contributing to the health disparity observed between these ethnic groups. DESIGN We examined IGF-IR and IGF2R mRNA, protein expression and IGF1R phosphorylation in paired breast tissue samples from AA and CA women by Real Time-PCR, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and ELISA techniques. RESULTS Our results showed significantly increased expression of IGF1R in AA normal tissues as compared to CA normal tissues. IGF1R expression was similar between AA normal and malignant tissues, while IGF1R, IRS-1 and Shc phosphorylation was significantly higher in AA tumor samples. Significantly higher levels of IGF2R were found in CA tumor samples as compared to AA tumor samples. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that IGF1R and IGF2R differential expression may contribute to the increased risk of malignant transformation in young AA women and to the more aggressive breast cancer phenotype observed among AA breast cancer patients and represent, along with IGF-II, potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Black or African American/genetics
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/ethnology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Papillary/ethnology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/mortality
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Health Status Disparities
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 2/genetics
- White People/genetics
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kalla Singh
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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17
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Douillard-Guilloux G, Raben N, Takikita S, Ferry A, Vignaud A, Guillet-Deniau I, Favier M, Thurberg BL, Roach PJ, Caillaud C, Richard E. Restoration of muscle functionality by genetic suppression of glycogen synthesis in a murine model of Pompe disease. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 19:684-96. [PMID: 19959526 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII) or Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency, leading to lysosomal glycogen accumulation. Affected individuals store glycogen mainly in cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues resulting in fatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and respiratory failure in the most severe infantile form. Enzyme replacement therapy has already proved some efficacy, but results remain variable especially in skeletal muscle. Substrate reduction therapy was successfully used to improve the phenotype in several lysosomal storage disorders. We have recently demonstrated that shRNA-mediated reduction of glycogen synthesis led to a significant reduction of glycogen accumulation in skeletal muscle of GSDII mice. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of a complete genetic elimination of glycogen synthesis in the same GSDII model. GAA and glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) KO mice were inter-crossed to generate a new double-KO model. GAA/GYS1-KO mice exhibited a profound reduction of the amount of glycogen in the heart and skeletal muscles, a significant decrease in lysosomal swelling and autophagic build-up as well as a complete correction of cardiomegaly. In addition, the abnormalities in glucose metabolism and insulin tolerance observed in the GSDII model were corrected in double-KO mice. Muscle atrophy observed in 11-month-old GSDII mice was less pronounced in GAA/GYS1-KO mice, resulting in improved exercise capacity. These data demonstrate that long-term elimination of muscle glycogen synthesis leads to a significant improvement of structural, metabolic and functional defects in GSDII mice and offers a new perspective for the treatment of Pompe disease.
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18
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Zhu Y, Jiang JL, Gumlaw NK, Zhang J, Bercury SD, Ziegler RJ, Lee K, Kudo M, Canfield WM, Edmunds T, Jiang C, Mattaliano RJ, Cheng SH. Glycoengineered acid alpha-glucosidase with improved efficacy at correcting the metabolic aberrations and motor function deficits in a mouse model of Pompe disease. Mol Ther 2009; 17:954-63. [PMID: 19277015 PMCID: PMC2835178 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the delivery of therapeutics to disease-affected tissues can increase their efficacy and safety. Here, we show that chemical conjugation of a synthetic oligosaccharide harboring mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) residues onto recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase (rhGAA) via oxime chemistry significantly improved its affinity for the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR) and subsequent uptake by muscle cells. Administration of the carbohydrate-remodeled enzyme (oxime-neo-rhGAA) into Pompe mice resulted in an approximately fivefold higher clearance of lysosomal glycogen in muscles when compared to the unmodified counterpart. Importantly, treatment of immunotolerized Pompe mice with oxime-neo-rhGAA translated to greater improvements in muscle function and strength. Treating older, symptomatic Pompe mice also reduced tissue glycogen levels but provided only modest improvements in motor function. Examination of the muscle pathology suggested that the poor response in the older animals might have been due to a reduced regenerative capacity of the skeletal muscles. These findings lend support to early therapeutic intervention with a targeted enzyme as important considerations in the management of Pompe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhu
- Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701-9322, USA.
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19
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Porto C, Cardone M, Fontana F, Rossi B, Tuzzi MR, Tarallo A, Barone MV, Andria G, Parenti G. The pharmacological chaperone N-butyldeoxynojirimycin enhances enzyme replacement therapy in Pompe disease fibroblasts. Mol Ther 2009; 17:964-71. [PMID: 19293774 PMCID: PMC2835191 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of the progress in the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), in some of these disorders the available therapies show limited efficacy and a need exists to identify novel therapeutic strategies. We studied the combination of enzyme replacement and enzyme enhancement by pharmacological chaperones in Pompe disease (PD), a metabolic myopathy caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase. We showed that coincubation of Pompe fibroblasts with recombinant human alpha-glucosidase and the chaperone N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ) resulted in more efficient correction of enzyme activity. The chaperone improved alpha-glucosidase delivery to lysosomes, enhanced enzyme maturation, and increased enzyme stability. Improved enzyme correction was also found in vivo in a mouse model of PD treated with coadministration of single infusions of recombinant human alpha-glucosidase and oral NB-DNJ. The enhancing effect of chaperones on recombinant enzymes was also observed in fibroblasts from another lysosomal disease, Fabry disease, treated with recombinant alpha-galactosidase A and the specific chaperone 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin (DGJ). These results have important clinical implications, as they demonstrate synergy between pharmacological chaperones and enzyme replacement. A synergistic effect of these treatments may result particularly useful in patients responding poorly to therapy and in tissues in which sufficient enzyme levels are difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Porto
- Department of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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20
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Hawkes C, Amritraj A, Macdonald RG, Jhamandas JH, Kar S. Heterotrimeric G proteins and the single-transmembrane domain IGF-II/M6P receptor: functional interaction and relevance to cell signaling. Mol Neurobiol 2008; 35:329-45. [PMID: 17917122 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-007-0021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2007] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family represents the largest and most versatile group of cell surface receptors. Classical GPCR signaling constitutes ligand binding to a seven-transmembrane domain receptor, receptor interaction with a heterotrimeric G protein, and the subsequent activation or inhibition of downstream intracellular effectors to mediate a cellular response. However, recent reports on direct, receptor-independent G protein activation, G protein-independent signaling by GPCRs, and signaling of nonheptahelical receptors via trimeric G proteins have highlighted the intrinsic complexities of G protein signaling mechanisms. The insulin-like growth factor-II/mannose-6 phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptor is a single-transmembrane glycoprotein whose principal function is the intracellular transport of lysosomal enzymes. In addition, the receptor also mediates some biological effects in response to IGF-II binding in both neuronal and nonneuronal systems. Multidisciplinary efforts to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways that underlie these effects have generated data to suggest that the IGF-II/M6P receptor might mediate transmembrane signaling via a G protein-coupled mechanism. The purpose of this review is to outline the characteristics of traditional and nontraditional GPCRs, to relate the IGF-II/M6P receptor's structure with its role in G protein-coupled signaling and to summarize evidence gathered over the years regarding the putative signaling of the IGF-II/M6P receptor mediated by a G protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hawkes
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Alzheimer and Neurodegenerative Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
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21
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Fukuda T, Ahearn M, Roberts A, Mattaliano RJ, Zaal K, Ralston E, Plotz PH, Raben N. Autophagy and mistargeting of therapeutic enzyme in skeletal muscle in Pompe disease. Mol Ther 2006; 14:831-9. [PMID: 17008131 PMCID: PMC2693339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2006] [Revised: 08/06/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) became a reality for patients with Pompe disease, a fatal cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy caused by a deficiency of glycogen-degrading lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA). The therapy, which relies on receptor-mediated endocytosis of recombinant human GAA (rhGAA), appears to be effective in cardiac muscle, but less so in skeletal muscle. We have previously shown a profound disturbance of the lysosomal degradative pathway (autophagy) in therapy-resistant muscle of GAA knockout mice (KO). Our findings here demonstrate a progressive age-dependent autophagic buildup in addition to enlargement of glycogen-filled lysosomes in multiple muscle groups in the KO. Trafficking and processing of the therapeutic enzyme along the endocytic pathway appear to be affected by the autophagy. Confocal microscopy of live single muscle fibers exposed to fluorescently labeled rhGAA indicates that a significant portion of the endocytosed enzyme in the KO was trapped as a partially processed form in the autophagic areas instead of reaching its target--the lysosomes. A fluid-phase endocytic marker was similarly mistargeted and accumulated in vesicular structures within the autophagic areas. These findings may explain why ERT often falls short of reversing the disease process and point toward new avenues for the development of pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokiko Fukuda
- Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meghan Ahearn
- Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ashley Roberts
- Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Kristien Zaal
- Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Evelyn Ralston
- Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul H. Plotz
- Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nina Raben
- Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Address correspondence to: Nina Raben 9000 Rockville Pike, Clinical Center Bld.10/9N244 NIH, NIAMS, Bethesda, MD 20892-1820 Phone: (301) 496-1474; Fax: (301) 402-0012, E-mail:
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22
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Kishnani PS, Nicolino M, Voit T, Rogers RC, Tsai ACH, Waterson J, Herman GE, Amalfitano A, Thurberg BL, Richards S, Davison M, Corzo D, Chen YT. Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase in infantile-onset Pompe disease. J Pediatr 2006; 149:89-97. [PMID: 16860134 PMCID: PMC2692727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2005] [Revised: 01/13/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct an open-label, multinational, multicenter study examining the safety and efficacy of recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase (rhGAA) in treatment of infantile-onset Pompe disease. STUDY DESIGN We enrolled 8 infant patients who had Pompe disease with GAA activity <1% of normal, cardiomyopathy, and hypotonia. In the 52-week initial phase, rhGAA was infused intravenously at 10 mg/kg weekly; an extension phase continued survivors' treatment with 10 to 20 mg/kg of rhGAA weekly or 20 mg/kg every 2 weeks for as long as 153 weeks. Safety measurements included adverse events, laboratory tests, and anti-rhGAA antibody titers. Efficacy evaluations included survival, ventilator use, echocardiograms, growth, and motor and cognitive function. RESULT After 52 weeks of treatment, 6 of 8 patients were alive, and 5 patients were free of invasive ventilator support. Clinical improvements included ameliorated cardiomyopathy and improved growth and cognition. Five patients acquired new motor milestones; 3 patients walked independently. Four patients died after the initial study phase; the median age at death or treatment withdrawal for all patients was 21.7 months, significantly later than expected for patients who were not treated. Treatment was safe and well tolerated; no death was drug-related. CONCLUSION rhGAA improved ventilator-free survival, cardiomyopathy, growth, and motor function in patients with infantile-onset Pompe disease compared with outcomes expected for patients without treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Sunil Kishnani
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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23
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Zhu Y, Li X, Mcvie-Wylie A, Jiang C, Thurberg B, Raben N, Mattaliano R, Cheng S. Carbohydrate-remodelled acid alpha-glucosidase with higher affinity for the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor demonstrates improved delivery to muscles of Pompe mice. Biochem J 2005; 389:619-28. [PMID: 15839836 PMCID: PMC1180711 DOI: 10.1042/bj20050364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To enhance the delivery of rhGAA (recombinant GAA, where GAA stands for acid alpha-glucosidase) to the affected muscles in Pompe disease, the carbohydrate moieties on the enzyme were remodelled to exhibit a high affinity ligand for the CI-MPR (cation-independent M6P receptor, where M6P stands for mannose 6-phosphate). This was achieved by chemically conjugating on to rhGAA, a synthetic oligosaccharide ligand bearing M6P residues in the optimal configuration for binding the receptor. The carbonyl chemistry used resulted in the conjugation of approx. six synthetic ligands on to each enzyme. The resulting modified enzyme [neo-rhGAA (modified recombinant human GAA harbouring synthetic oligosaccharide ligands)] displayed near-normal specific activity and significantly increased affinity for the CI-MPR. However, binding to the mannose receptor was unaffected despite the introduction of additional mannose residues in neo-rhGAA. Uptake studies using L6 myoblasts showed neo-rhGAA was internalized approx. 20-fold more efficiently than the unmodified enzyme. Administration of neo-rhGAA into Pompe mice also resulted in greater clearance of glycogen from all the affected muscles when compared with the unmodified rhGAA. Comparable reductions in tissue glycogen levels in the Pompe mice were realized using an approx. 8-fold lower dose of neo-rhGAA in the heart and diaphragm and an approx. 4-fold lower dose in the skeletal muscles. Treatment of older Pompe mice, which are more refractory to enzyme therapy, with 40 mg/kg neo-rhGAA resulted in near-complete clearance of glycogen from all the affected muscles as opposed to only partial correction with the unmodified rhGAA. These results demonstrate that remodelling the carbohydrate of rhGAA to improve its affinity for the CI-MPR represents a feasible approach to enhance the efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy for Pompe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhu
- *Genzyme Corporation, 31 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, U.S.A
| | - Xuemei Li
- *Genzyme Corporation, 31 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, U.S.A
| | - Alison Mcvie-Wylie
- *Genzyme Corporation, 31 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, U.S.A
| | - Canwen Jiang
- *Genzyme Corporation, 31 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, U.S.A
| | - Beth L. Thurberg
- *Genzyme Corporation, 31 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, U.S.A
| | - Nina Raben
- †National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S.A
| | | | - Seng H. Cheng
- *Genzyme Corporation, 31 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, U.S.A
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Al-Jumaily W, Bruce MC. The postnatal age of rat lung fibroblasts influences G1/S phase transition in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1999; 35:410-6. [PMID: 10462205 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-999-0116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the neonatal rat lung, alveolar development occurs from postnatal Days 4-13, during which time there is a fourfold increase in interstitial fibroblasts. Factors influencing emergence of new septa and cell proliferation associated with septal elongation have yet to be identified, in part because of difficulties inherent in studying this process in vivo. Using flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of freshly isolated lung fibroblasts, we found that proliferation, as indicated by the percentage of cells in S plus G2/M phases, peaked on postnatal Day 4 (P < 0.04). By Days 9-10 the proliferation rate was lower than on Days 3, 4, 5, or 6 (P < 0.005). We then evaluated rates of in vitro proliferation as a function of postnatal age in first passage fibroblasts and found that the proliferative phenotype expressed in vivo persists in vitro. Fibroblasts from 4-5-d-old pups increased in number and incorporated 3H-thymidine at a faster rate than did fibroblasts obtained from pups at other postnatal ages (P < 0.0001). Age-dependent differences in cell cycle transit time were compared in fibroblasts synchronized by serum starvation and analyzed by flow cytometry at 2-h intervals from 13-21 h after release from serum starvation. A greater percentage of cells from 5-d-old pups entered S phase during this period than was seen for cells obtained from 2-, 9-, 13-, or 23-d-old rat pups (P = 0.0001). Cells from 5-, 9-, and 13-d-old pups reentered G0/G1 by 21 h after release from serum starvation, in contrast to fibroblasts from 2- and 23-d-old rats which did not. Throughout the 15-h period after release from serum starvation, levels of cyclin E, which peaks at the G1/S border, were highest in the 5-d-old cells (P < 0.025). Synchronization with 2.5 mM hydroxyurea which inhibits DNA synthesis completely abolished age-related differences in cell cycle transit time, implying that age-dependent differences in lung fibroblast proliferation rates are the result of events occurring before S-phase entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Al-Jumaily
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky Medical School, Lexington 40536, USA
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Kikuchi T, Yang HW, Pennybacker M, Ichihara N, Mizutani M, Van Hove JL, Chen YT. Clinical and metabolic correction of pompe disease by enzyme therapy in acid maltase-deficient quail. J Clin Invest 1998; 101:827-33. [PMID: 9466978 PMCID: PMC508631 DOI: 10.1172/jci1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pompe disease is a fatal genetic muscle disorder caused by a deficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA), a glycogen degrading lysosomal enzyme. GAA-deficient (AMD) Japanese quails exhibit progressive myopathy and cannot lift their wings, fly, or right themselves from the supine position (flip test). Six 4-wk-old acid maltase-deficient quails, with the clinical symptoms listed, were intravenously injected with 14 or 4.2 mg/kg of precursor form of recombinant human GAA or buffer alone every 2-3 d for 18 d (seven injections). On day 18, both high dose-treated birds (14 mg/kg) scored positive flip tests and flapped their wings, and one bird flew up more than 100 cm. GAA activity increased in most of the tissues examined. In heart and liver, glycogen levels dropped to normal and histopathology was normal. In pectoralis muscle, morphology was essentially normal, except for increased glycogen granules. In sharp contrast, sham-treated quail muscle had markedly increased glycogen granules, multi-vesicular autophagosomes, and inter- and intrafascicular fatty infiltrations. Low dose-treated birds (4.2 mg/kg) improved less biochemically and histopathologically than high dose birds, indicating a dose-dependent response. Additional experiment with intermediate doses and extended treatment (four birds, 5.7-9 mg/kg for 45 d) halted the progression of the disease. Our data is the first to show that an exogenous protein can target to muscle and produce muscle improvement. These data also suggest enzyme replacement with recombinant human GAA is a promising therapy for human Pompe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kikuchi
- Department of Animal Models for Human Disease, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo 187, Japan
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Geertz R, Kiess W, Kessler U, Hoeflich A, Tarnok A, Gercken G. Expression of IGF receptors on alveolar macrophages: IGF-induced changes in InsPi formation, [Ca2+]i, and pHi. Mol Cell Biochem 1997; 177:33-45. [PMID: 9450643 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006836631673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptors and insulin-like growth factor-II/mannose-6-phosphate (IGF-II/Man6P) receptors in cultured bovine alveolar macrophages (BAM) was demonstrated by competitive binding studies and crosslinking experiments. Western blotting of protein extracts from cultured BAM using an anti bovine IGF-II/Man6P receptor antiserum (#66416) confirmed the presence of IGF-II/Man6P receptors on BAM. The effects of IGFs and Man6P on generation of inositol phosphates was measured by HPLC analysis of perchloric acid extracts from myo-[3H]inositol-labelled cultured BAM. IGF-I at nanomolar concentrations and Man6P (10[-8]-10[-3] M) stimulated the accumulation of both Ins(1,4,5)P3 and Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 after 30 sec. IGF-II (up to 2.3 x 10[-8] M) had no significant effect on inositol phosphate accumulation under the same conditions. Both IGFs and Man6P induced a rise in [Ca2+]i in cultured BAM. In addition, using the fluorescent dye SNARF-1/AM we could demonstrate rapid but small IGF-II (10[-9] M) triggered acidification (0.07 pH units) of cultured BAM. Taken together, our results indicate not only the presence of both IGF-I and IGF-II/Man6P receptors on BAM, but also provide evidence of the linkage of the IGF-I receptor to the inositol phosphate system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Geertz
- University of Hamburg, Institute of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Germany
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