1
|
Wu Z, Chen N, Takao D. The role of primary cilia in myoblast proliferation and cell cycle regulation during myogenesis. Cell Struct Funct 2025; 50:53-63. [PMID: 39805615 DOI: 10.1247/csf.24067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
The process of mammalian myogenesis is fundamental to understanding muscle development and holds broad relevance across multiple fields, from developmental biology to regenerative medicine. This review highlights two key aspects: myoblast proliferation and the role of cilia in this process. Myoblasts, as muscle precursor cells, must undergo tightly regulated cycles of proliferation and differentiation to ensure proper muscle growth and function. Recent research has uncovered an essential role for primary cilia, hair-like sensory organelles on the cell surface, in modulating signaling pathways crucial to myogenesis. Cilium-mediated signaling appears to regulate various stages of myogenesis, including the control of myoblast differentiation. Furthermore, primary cilia undergo multiple cycles of formation and disassembly during myogenesis, presumably enabling detailed, context-dependent regulation of their functions. In particular, the regulation of myoblast proliferation through cell cycle control by primary cilia is an important topic that requires further investigation. By examining the interactions between primary cilia and myoblasts, this review aims to provide new insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving muscle development, with potential applications for understanding muscle-related diseases and advancing therapeutic strategies. Additionally, advancements in imaging and image analysis technologies have become indispensable for studying these processes at the cellular level. This review also addresses these technological advancements and current challenges.Key words: myogenesis, myoblast, proliferation, cilia, imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Nuo Chen
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Daisuke Takao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University
- Hubei Hongshan Labolatory
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peng Y, Du J, Li R, Günther S, Wettschureck N, Offermanns S, Wang Y, Schneider A, Braun T. RhoA-mediated G 12-G 13 signaling maintains muscle stem cell quiescence and prevents stem cell loss. Cell Discov 2024; 10:76. [PMID: 39009565 PMCID: PMC11251043 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple processes control quiescence of muscle stem cells (MuSCs), which is instrumental to guarantee long-term replenishment of the stem cell pool. Here, we describe that the G-proteins G12-G13 integrate signals from different G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to control MuSC quiescence via activation of RhoA. Comprehensive screening of GPCR ligands identified two MuSC-niche-derived factors, endothelin-3 (ET-3) and neurotensin (NT), which activate G12-G13 signaling in MuSCs. Stimulation with ET-3 or NT prevented MuSC activation, whereas pharmacological inhibition of ET-3 or NT attenuated MuSC quiescence. Inactivation of Gna12-Gna13 or Rhoa but not of Gnaq-Gna11 completely abrogated MuSC quiescence, which depleted the MuSC pool and was associated with accelerated sarcopenia during aging. Expression of constitutively active RhoA prevented exit from quiescence in Gna12-Gna13 mutant MuSCs, inhibiting cell cycle entry and differentiation via Rock and formins without affecting Rac1-dependent MuSC projections, a hallmark of quiescent MuSCs. The study uncovers a critical role of G12-G13 and RhoA signaling for active regulation of MuSC quiescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yundong Peng
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| | - Jingjing Du
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Andre Schneider
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.
- Member of the German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen MT, Dash R, Jeong K, Lee W. Role of Actin-Binding Proteins in Skeletal Myogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:2523. [PMID: 37947600 PMCID: PMC10650911 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of skeletal muscle quantity and quality is essential to ensure various vital functions of the body. Muscle homeostasis is regulated by multiple cytoskeletal proteins and myogenic transcriptional programs responding to endogenous and exogenous signals influencing cell structure and function. Since actin is an essential component in cytoskeleton dynamics, actin-binding proteins (ABPs) have been recognized as crucial players in skeletal muscle health and diseases. Hence, dysregulation of ABPs leads to muscle atrophy characterized by loss of mass, strength, quality, and capacity for regeneration. This comprehensive review summarizes the recent studies that have unveiled the role of ABPs in actin cytoskeletal dynamics, with a particular focus on skeletal myogenesis and diseases. This provides insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate skeletal myogenesis via ABPs as well as research avenues to identify potential therapeutic targets. Moreover, this review explores the implications of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) targeting ABPs in skeletal myogenesis and disorders based on recent achievements in ncRNA research. The studies presented here will enhance our understanding of the functional significance of ABPs and mechanotransduction-derived myogenic regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, revealing how ncRNAs regulate ABPs will allow diverse therapeutic approaches for skeletal muscle disorders to be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.J.)
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuho Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.J.)
| | - Wan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (M.T.N.); (K.J.)
- Channelopathy Research Center, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yamamoto M, Miyoshi M, Morioka K, Mitani T, Takaya T. Anti-nucleolin aptamer, iSN04, inhibits the inflammatory responses in C2C12 myoblasts by modulating the β-catenin/NF-κB signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 664:1-8. [PMID: 37127012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A myogenetic oligodeoxynucleotide, iSN04, is the 18-base single-stranded DNA that acts as an anti-nucleolin aptamer. iSN04 has been reported to restore myogenic differentiation by suppressing inflammatory responses in myoblasts isolated from patients with diabetes or healthy myoblasts exposed to cancer-releasing factors. Thus, iSN04 is expected to be a nucleic acid drug for the muscle wasting associated with chronic diseases. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of iSN04 in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) or Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands (Pam3CSK4 and FSL-1) induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), resulting in upregulated expression of TNF-α and interleukin-6. Pre-treatment with iSN04 significantly suppressed these inflammatory responses by inhibiting the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin induced by TNF-α or TLR ligands. These results demonstrate that antagonizing nucleolin with iSN04 downregulates the inflammatory effect mediated by the β-catenin/NF-κB signaling pathway in C2C12 cells. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of iSN04 were also observed in the rat smooth muscle cell line A10 and the murine adipocyte-like fibroblast cell line 3T3-L1, suggesting that iSN04 may be useful in preventing inflammation induced by metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Machi Yamamoto
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Mana Miyoshi
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kamino Morioka
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takakazu Mitani
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tomohide Takaya
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bell RAV, Al-Khalaf MH, Brunette S, Alsowaida D, Chu A, Bandukwala H, Dechant G, Apostolova G, Dilworth FJ, Megeney LA. Chromatin Reorganization during Myoblast Differentiation Involves the Caspase-Dependent Removal of SATB2. Cells 2022; 11:966. [PMID: 35326417 PMCID: PMC8946544 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of lineage-specific gene programs are strongly influenced by alterations in local chromatin architecture. However, key players that impact this genome reorganization remain largely unknown. Here, we report that the removal of the special AT-rich binding protein 2 (SATB2), a nuclear protein known to bind matrix attachment regions, is a key event in initiating myogenic differentiation. The deletion of myoblast SATB2 in vitro initiates chromatin remodeling and accelerates differentiation, which is dependent on the caspase 7-mediated cleavage of SATB2. A genome-wide analysis indicates that SATB2 binding within chromatin loops and near anchor points influences both loop and sub-TAD domain formation. Consequently, the chromatin changes that occur with the removal of SATB2 lead to the derepression of differentiation-inducing factors while also limiting the expression of genes that inhibit this cell fate change. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the temporal control of the SATB2 protein is critical in shaping the chromatin environment and coordinating the myogenic differentiation program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. V. Bell
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mohammad H. Al-Khalaf
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Steve Brunette
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
| | - Dalal Alsowaida
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alphonse Chu
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Hina Bandukwala
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
| | - Georg Dechant
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (G.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Galina Apostolova
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (G.D.); (G.A.)
| | - F. Jeffrey Dilworth
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Lynn A. Megeney
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (R.A.V.B.); (M.H.A.-K.); (S.B.); (D.A.); (A.C.); (H.B.); (F.J.D.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen M, Zhang L, Guo Y, Liu X, Song Y, Li X, Ding X, Guo H. A novel lncRNA promotes myogenesis of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells via PFN1-RhoA/Rac1. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5988-6005. [PMID: 33942976 PMCID: PMC8256363 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenesis, the process of skeletal muscle formation, is a highly coordinated multistep biological process. Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a gatekeeper in myogenesis. Up to now, most studies on muscle development-related lncRNAs are mainly focussed on humans and mice. In this study, a novel muscle highly expressed lncRNA, named lnc23, localized in nucleus, was found differentially expressed in different stages of embryonic development and myogenic differentiation. The knockdown and over-expression experiments showed that lnc23 positively regulated the myogenic differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells. Then, TMT 10-plex labelling quantitative proteomics was performed to screen the potentially regulatory proteins of lnc23. Results indicated that lnc23 was involved in the key processes of myogenic differentiation such as cell fusion, further demonstrated that down-regulation of lnc23 may inhibit myogenic differentiation by reducing signal transduction and cell fusion among cells. Furthermore, RNA pulldown/LC-MS and RIP experiment illustrated that PFN1 was a binding protein of lnc23. Further, we also found that lnc23 positively regulated the protein expression of RhoA and Rac1, and PFN1 may negatively regulate myogenic differentiation and the expression of its interacting proteins RhoA and Rac1. Hence, we support that lnc23 may reduce the inhibiting effect of PFN1 on RhoA and Rac1 by binding to PFN1, thereby promoting myogenic differentiation. In short, the novel identified lnc23 promotes myogenesis of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells via PFN1-RhoA/Rac1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yiwen Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yingshen Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xiangbin Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Hong Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy HusbandryCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yingling CV, Pruyne D. FHOD formin and SRF promote post-embryonic striated muscle growth through separate pathways in C. elegans. Exp Cell Res 2021; 398:112388. [PMID: 33221314 PMCID: PMC7750259 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous work with cultured cells has shown transcription of muscle genes by serum response factor (SRF) can be stimulated by actin polymerization driven by proteins of the formin family. However, it is not clear if endogenous formins similarly promote SRF-dependent transcription during muscle development in vivo. We tested whether formin activity promotes SRF-dependent transcription in striated muscle in the simple animal model, Caenorhabditis elegans. Our lab has shown FHOD-1 is the only formin that directly promotes sarcomere formation in the worm's striated muscle. We show here FHOD-1 and SRF homolog UNC-120 both support muscle growth and also muscle myosin II heavy chain A expression. However, while a hypomorphic unc-120 allele blunts expression of a set of striated muscle genes, these genes are largely upregulated or unchanged by absence of FHOD-1. Instead, pharmacological inhibition of the proteasome restores myosin protein levels in worms lacking FHOD-1, suggesting elevated proteolysis accounts for their myosin deficit. Interestingly, proteasome inhibition does not restore normal muscle growth to fhod-1(Δ) mutants, suggesting formin contributes to muscle growth by some alternative mechanism. Overall, we find SRF does not depend on formin to promote muscle gene transcription in a simple in vivo system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Curtis V Yingling
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, 107 Weiskotten Hall, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 766 Irving Avenue, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - David Pruyne
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, 107 Weiskotten Hall, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 766 Irving Avenue, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Venugopal N, Ghosh A, Gala H, Aloysius A, Vyas N, Dhawan J. The primary cilium dampens proliferative signaling and represses a G2/M transcriptional network in quiescent myoblasts. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:25. [PMID: 32293249 PMCID: PMC7161131 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reversible cell cycle arrest (quiescence/G0) is characteristic of adult stem cells and is actively controlled at multiple levels. Quiescent cells also extend a primary cilium, which functions as a signaling hub. Primary cilia have been shown to be important in multiple developmental processes, and are implicated in numerous developmental disorders. Although the association of the cilium with G0 is established, the role of the cilium in the control of the quiescence program is still poorly understood. RESULTS Primary cilia are dynamically regulated across different states of cell cycle exit in skeletal muscle myoblasts: quiescent myoblasts elaborate a primary cilium in vivo and in vitro, but terminally differentiated myofibers do not. Myoblasts where ciliogenesis is ablated using RNAi against a key ciliary assembly protein (IFT88) can exit the cell cycle but display an altered quiescence program and impaired self-renewal. Specifically, the G0 transcriptome in IFT88 knockdown cells is aberrantly enriched for G2/M regulators, suggesting a focused repression of this network by the cilium. Cilium-ablated cells also exhibit features of activation including enhanced activity of Wnt and mitogen signaling and elevated protein synthesis via inactivation of the translational repressor 4E-BP1. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results show that the primary cilium integrates and dampens proliferative signaling, represses translation and G2/M genes, and is integral to the establishment of the quiescence program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Venugopal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, -500 007, India
| | - Ananga Ghosh
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, -500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Hardik Gala
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, -500 007, India
| | - Ajoy Aloysius
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, -500 007, India
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Neha Vyas
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, -500 007, India
- Present address: St. John's Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560034, India
| | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, -500 007, India.
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bengaluru, 560065, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Adhikari A, Davie J. Wnt deregulation in rhabdomyosarcoma. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:13. [PMID: 31304179 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Adhikari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine and Simmons Cancer Institute, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Judith Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine and Simmons Cancer Institute, Carbondale, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saleh A, Subramaniam G, Raychaudhuri S, Dhawan J. Cytoplasmic sequestration of the RhoA effector mDiaphanous1 by Prohibitin2 promotes muscle differentiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8302. [PMID: 31165762 PMCID: PMC6549159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle differentiation is controlled by adhesion and growth factor-dependent signalling through common effectors that regulate muscle-specific transcriptional programs. Here we report that mDiaphanous1, an effector of adhesion-dependent RhoA-signalling, negatively regulates myogenesis at the level of Myogenin expression. In myotubes, over-expression of mDia1ΔN3, a RhoA-independent mutant, suppresses Myogenin promoter activity and expression. We investigated mDia1-interacting proteins that may counteract mDia1 to permit Myogenin expression and timely differentiation. Using yeast two-hybrid and mass-spectrometric analysis, we report that mDia1 has a stage-specific interactome, including Prohibitin2, MyoD, Akt2, and β-Catenin, along with a number of proteosomal and mitochondrial components. Of these interacting partners, Prohibitin2 colocalises with mDia1 in cytoplasmic punctae in myotubes. We mapped the interacting domains of mDia1 and Phb2, and used interacting (mDia1ΔN3/Phb2 FL or mDia1ΔN3/Phb2-Carboxy) and non-interacting pairs (mDia1H + P/Phb2 FL or mDia1ΔN3/Phb2-Amino) to dissect the functional consequences of this partnership on Myogenin promoter activity. Co-expression of full-length as well as mDia1-interacting domains of Prohibitin2 reverse the anti-myogenic effects of mDia1ΔN3, while non-interacting regions do not. Our results suggest that Prohibitin2 sequesters mDia1, dampens its anti-myogenic activity and fine-tunes RhoA-mDia1 signalling to promote differentiation. Overall, we report that mDia1 is multi-functional signalling effector whose anti-myogenic activity is modulated by a differentiation-dependent interactome. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012257.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amena Saleh
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gunasekaran Subramaniam
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Swasti Raychaudhuri
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India.
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research -Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hayes MN, McCarthy K, Jin A, Oliveira ML, Iyer S, Garcia SP, Sindiri S, Gryder B, Motala Z, Nielsen GP, Borg JP, van de Rijn M, Malkin D, Khan J, Ignatius MS, Langenau DM. Vangl2/RhoA Signaling Pathway Regulates Stem Cell Self-Renewal Programs and Growth in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 22:414-427.e6. [PMID: 29499154 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor growth and relapse are driven by tumor propagating cells (TPCs). However, mechanisms regulating TPC fate choices, maintenance, and self-renewal are not fully understood. Here, we show that Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2), a core regulator of the non-canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (Wnt/PCP) pathway, affects TPC self-renewal in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)-a pediatric cancer of muscle. VANGL2 is expressed in a majority of human RMS and within early mononuclear progenitor cells. VANGL2 depletion inhibited cell proliferation, reduced TPC numbers, and induced differentiation of human RMS in vitro and in mouse xenografts. Using a zebrafish model of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), we determined that Vangl2 expression enriches for TPCs and promotes their self-renewal. Expression of constitutively active and dominant-negative isoforms of RHOA revealed that it acts downstream of VANGL2 to regulate proliferation and maintenance of TPCs in human RMS. Our studies offer insights into pathways that control TPCs and identify new potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline N Hayes
- Molecular Pathology, Cancer Center, and Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Karin McCarthy
- Molecular Pathology, Cancer Center, and Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexander Jin
- Molecular Pathology, Cancer Center, and Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mariana L Oliveira
- Molecular Pathology, Cancer Center, and Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sowmya Iyer
- Molecular Pathology, Cancer Center, and Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sara P Garcia
- Molecular Pathology, Cancer Center, and Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sivasish Sindiri
- Oncogenomics Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Berkley Gryder
- Oncogenomics Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zainab Motala
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - G Petur Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Borg
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix Marseille Univ UM105, Inst Paoli Calmettes, UMR7258 CNRS, U1068 INSERM, "Cell Polarity, Cell signalling and Cancer - Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer," Marseille, France
| | - Matt van de Rijn
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David Malkin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Myron S Ignatius
- Molecular Medicine and Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - David M Langenau
- Molecular Pathology, Cancer Center, and Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Induction of quiescence (G0) in bone marrow stromal stem cells enhances their stem cell characteristics. Stem Cell Res 2018; 30:69-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
13
|
Kim D, Jung J, You E, Ko P, Oh S, Rhee S. mDia1 regulates breast cancer invasion by controlling membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase localization. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17829-43. [PMID: 26893363 PMCID: PMC4951253 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian diaphanous-related formin 1 (mDia1) expression has been linked with progression of malignant cancers in various tissues. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying mDia1-mediated invasion in cancer cells has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that mDia1 is upregulated in invasive breast cancer cells. Knockdown of mDia1 in invasive breast cancer profoundly reduced invasive activity by controlling cellular localization of membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) through interaction with microtubule tracks. Gene silencing and ectopic expression of the active form of mDia1 showed that mDia1 plays a key role in the intracellular trafficking of MT1-MMP to the plasma membrane through microtubules. We also demonstrated that highly invasive breast cancer cells possessed invasive activity in a 3D culture system, which was significantly reduced upon silencing mDia1 or MT1-MMP. Furthermore, mDia1-deficient cells cultured in 3D matrix showed impaired expression of the cancer stem cell marker genes, CD44 and CD133. Collectively, our findings suggest that regulation of cellular trafficking and microtubule-mediated localization of MT1-MMP by mDia1 is likely important in breast cancer invasion through the expression of cancer stem cell genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jangho Jung
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Eunae You
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Panseon Ko
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Somi Oh
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
RhoA knockout fibroblasts lose tumor-inhibitory capacity in vitro and promote tumor growth in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E1413-E1421. [PMID: 28174275 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621161114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are a main player in the tumor-inhibitory microenvironment. Upon tumor initiation and progression, fibroblasts can lose their tumor-inhibitory capacity and promote tumor growth. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this switch have not been defined completely. Previously, we identified four proteins overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and linked to Rho GTPase signaling. Here, we show that knocking out the Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) gene in normal fibroblasts decreased their tumor-inhibitory capacity, as judged by neighbor suppression in vitro and accompanied by promotion of tumor growth in vivo. This also induced PC3 cancer cell motility and increased colony size in 2D cultures. RhoA knockout in fibroblasts induced vimentin intermediate filament reorganization, accompanied by reduced contractile force and increased stiffness of cells. There was also loss of wide F-actin stress fibers and large focal adhesions. In addition, we observed a significant loss of α-smooth muscle actin, which indicates a difference between RhoA knockout fibroblasts and classic cancer-associated fibroblasts. In 3D collagen matrix, RhoA knockout reduced fibroblast branching and meshwork formation and resulted in more compactly clustered tumor-cell colonies in coculture with PC3 cells, which might boost tumor stem-like properties. Coculturing RhoA knockout fibroblasts and PC3 cells induced expression of proinflammatory genes in both. Inflammatory mediators may induce tumor cell stemness. Network enrichment analysis of transcriptomic changes, however, revealed that the Rho signaling pathway per se was significantly triggered only after coculturing with tumor cells. Taken together, our findings in vivo and in vitro indicate that Rho signaling governs the inhibitory effects by fibroblasts on tumor-cell growth.
Collapse
|
15
|
Arora R, Rumman M, Venugopal N, Gala H, Dhawan J. Mimicking Muscle Stem Cell Quiescence in Culture: Methods for Synchronization in Reversible Arrest. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1556:283-302. [PMID: 28247356 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6771-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the view that in adult stem cells, the defining stem cell features of potency and self-renewal are associated with the quiescent state. Thus, uncovering the molecular logic of this reversibly arrested state underlies not only a fundamental understanding of adult tissue dynamics but also hopes for therapeutic regeneration and rejuvenation of damaged or aging tissue. A key question concerns how adult stem cells use quiescence to establish or reinforce the property of self-renewal. Since self-renewal is largely studied by assays that measure proliferation, the concept of self-renewal programs imposed during non-proliferating conditions is counterintuitive. However, there is increasing evidence generated by deconstructing the quiescent state that highlights how programs characteristic of this particular cell cycle exit may enhance stem cell capabilities, through both cell-intrinsic and extrinsic programs.Toward this end, culture models that recapitulate key aspects of stem cell quiescence are useful for molecular analysis to explore attributes and regulation of the quiescent state. In this chapter, we review the different methods used to generate homogeneous populations of quiescent muscle cells, largely by manipulating culture conditions that feed into core signaling programs that regulate the cell cycle. We also provide detailed protocols developed or refined in our lab over the past two decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reety Arora
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Mohammed Rumman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Nisha Venugopal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Hardik Gala
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Weise-Cross L, Taylor JM, Mack CP. Inhibition of Diaphanous Formin Signaling In Vivo Impairs Cardiovascular Development and Alters Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2374-83. [PMID: 26381868 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We and others have previously shown that RhoA-dependent stimulation of myocardin-related transcription factor nuclear localization promotes smooth muscle cell (SMC) marker gene expression. The goal of this study was to provide direct in vivo evidence that actin polymerization by the diaphanous-related formins contributes to the regulation of SMC differentiation and phenotype. APPROACH AND RESULTS Conditional Cre-based genetic approaches were used to overexpress a well-characterized dominant-negative variant of mDia1 (DNmDia) in SMC. DNmDia expression in SM22-expressing cells resulted in embryonic and perinatal lethality in ≈20% of mice because of defects in myocardial development and SMC investment of peripheral vessels. Although most DNmDia(+)/SM22Cre(+) mice exhibited no overt phenotype, the re-expression of SMC differentiation marker gene expression that occurs after carotid artery ligation was delayed, and this effect was accompanied by a significant decrease in myocardin-related transcription factor-A nuclear localization. Interestingly, neointima growth was inhibited by expression of DNmDia in SMC and this was likely because of a defect in directional SMC migration and not to defects in SMC proliferation or survival. Finally, by using the tamoxifen-inducible SM MHC-CreER(T2) line, we showed that SMC-specific induction of DNmDia in adult mice decreased SMC marker gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Our demonstration that diaphanous-related formin signaling plays a role in heart and vascular development and the maintenance of SMC phenotype provides important new evidence that Rho/actin/myocardin-related transcription factor signaling plays a critical role in cardiovascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Weise-Cross
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Joan M Taylor
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Christopher P Mack
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Arden JD, Lavik KI, Rubinic KA, Chiaia N, Khuder SA, Howard MJ, Nestor-Kalinoski AL, Alberts AS, Eisenmann KM. Small-molecule agonists of mammalian Diaphanous-related (mDia) formins reveal an effective glioblastoma anti-invasion strategy. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:3704-18. [PMID: 26354425 PMCID: PMC4626057 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-11-1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Formin agonists impede the most dangerous aspect of glioblastoma—tumor spread into surrounding healthy tissue. Formin activation impairs a novel aspect of the transformed cell and informs the development of antitumor strategies for a cancer needing a more effective therapy. The extensive invasive capacity of glioblastoma (GBM) makes it resistant to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy and thus makes it lethal. In vivo, GBM invasion is mediated by Rho GTPases through unidentified downstream effectors. Mammalian Diaphanous (mDia) family formins are Rho-directed effectors that regulate the F-actin cytoskeleton to support tumor cell motility. Historically, anti-invasion strategies focused upon mDia inhibition, whereas activation remained unexplored. The recent development of small molecules directly inhibiting or activating mDia-driven F-actin assembly that supports motility allows for exploration of their role in GBM. We used the formin inhibitor SMIFH2 and mDia agonists IMM-01/-02 and mDia2-DAD peptides, which disrupt autoinhibition, to examine the roles of mDia inactivation versus activation in GBM cell migration and invasion in vitro and in an ex vivo brain slice invasion model. Inhibiting mDia suppressed directional migration and spheroid invasion while preserving intrinsic random migration. mDia agonism abrogated both random intrinsic and directional migration and halted U87 spheroid invasion in ex vivo brain slices. Thus mDia agonism is a superior GBM anti-invasion strategy. We conclude that formin agonism impedes the most dangerous GBM component—tumor spread into surrounding healthy tissue. Formin activation impairs novel aspects of transformed cells and informs the development of anti-GBM invasion strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Arden
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614
| | - Kari I Lavik
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614
| | - Kaitlin A Rubinic
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614
| | - Nicolas Chiaia
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614
| | - Sadik A Khuder
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health and Homeland Security, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614
| | - Marthe J Howard
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614
| | | | - Arthur S Alberts
- Laboratory of Cell Structure and Signal Integration, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503
| | - Kathryn M Eisenmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614 )
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Subramaniam S, Sreenivas P, Cheedipudi S, Reddy VR, Shashidhara LS, Chilukoti RK, Mylavarapu M, Dhawan J. Distinct transcriptional networks in quiescent myoblasts: a role for Wnt signaling in reversible vs. irreversible arrest. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65097. [PMID: 23755177 PMCID: PMC3670900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cells in adult mammals are non-dividing: differentiated cells exit the cell cycle permanently, but stem cells exist in a state of reversible arrest called quiescence. In damaged skeletal muscle, quiescent satellite stem cells re-enter the cell cycle, proliferate and subsequently execute divergent programs to regenerate both post-mitotic myofibers and quiescent stem cells. The molecular basis for these alternative programs of arrest is poorly understood. In this study, we used an established myogenic culture model (C2C12 myoblasts) to generate cells in alternative states of arrest and investigate their global transcriptional profiles. Using cDNA microarrays, we compared G0 myoblasts with post-mitotic myotubes. Our findings define the transcriptional program of quiescent myoblasts in culture and establish that distinct gene expression profiles, especially of tumour suppressor genes and inhibitors of differentiation characterize reversible arrest, distinguishing this state from irreversibly arrested myotubes. We also reveal the existence of a tissue-specific quiescence program by comparing G0 C2C12 myoblasts to isogenic G0 fibroblasts (10T1/2). Intriguingly, in myoblasts but not fibroblasts, quiescence is associated with a signature of Wnt pathway genes. We provide evidence that different levels of signaling via the canonical Wnt pathway characterize distinct cellular states (proliferation vs. quiescence vs. differentiation). Moderate induction of Wnt signaling in quiescence is associated with critical properties such as clonogenic self-renewal. Exogenous Wnt treatment subverts the quiescence program and negatively affects clonogenicity. Finally, we identify two new quiescence-induced regulators of canonical Wnt signaling, Rgs2 and Dkk3, whose induction in G0 is required for clonogenic self-renewal. These results support the concept that active signal-mediated regulation of quiescence contributes to stem cell properties, and have implications for pathological states such as cancer and degenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Prethish Sreenivas
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Sirisha Cheedipudi
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li D, Dammer EB, Lucki NC, Sewer MB. cAMP-stimulated phosphorylation of diaphanous 1 regulates protein stability and interaction with binding partners in adrenocortical cells. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24:848-57. [PMID: 23325789 PMCID: PMC3596254 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-08-0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DIAPH1, the RhoA effector protein, forms a complex in adrenocortical cells and is phosphorylated by a cAMP/PKA-dependent pathway. Phosphorylation differentially modulates protein–protein interactions, regulates the stability of the protein, and facilitates sumoylation. Diaphanous homologue 1 (DIAPH1) is a Rho effector protein that coordinates cellular dynamics by regulating microfilament and microtubule function. We previously showed that DIAPH1 plays an integral role in regulating the production of cortisol by controlling the rate of mitochondrial movement, by which activation of the adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)/cAMP signaling pathway stimulates mitochondrial trafficking and promotes the interaction between RhoA and DIAPH1. In the present study we use mass spectrometry to identify DIAPH1 binding partners and find that DIAPH1 interacts with several proteins, including RhoA, dynamin-1, kinesin, β-tubulin, β-actin, oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)–related protein 2 (ORP2), and ORP10. Moreover, DIAPH1 is phosphorylated in response to dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2cAMP) at Thr-759 via a pathway that requires extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK). Alanine substitution of Thr-759 renders DIAPH1 more stable and attenuates the interaction between DIAPH1 and kinesin, ORP2, and actin but has no effect on the ability of the protein to interact with RhoA or β-tubulin. Finally, overexpression of a DIAPH1 T759A mutant significantly decreases the rate of Bt2cAMP-stimulated mitochondrial movement. Taken together, our findings establish a key role for phosphorylation in regulating the stability and function of DIAPH1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Li
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0704, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
RAGE in tissue homeostasis, repair and regeneration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:101-9. [PMID: 23103427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
21
|
Provenzano PP, Keely PJ. Mechanical signaling through the cytoskeleton regulates cell proliferation by coordinated focal adhesion and Rho GTPase signaling. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:1195-205. [PMID: 21444750 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.067009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The notion that cell shape and spreading can regulate cell proliferation has evolved over several years, but only recently has this been linked to forces from within and upon the cell. This emerging area of mechanical signaling is proving to be wide-spread and important for all cell types. The microenvironment that surrounds cells provides a complex spectrum of different, simultaneously active, biochemical, structural and mechanical stimuli. In this milieu, cells probe the stiffness of their microenvironment by pulling on the extracellular matrix (ECM) and/or adjacent cells. This process is dependent on transcellular cell-ECM or cell-cell adhesions, as well as cell contractility mediated by Rho GTPases, to provide a functional linkage through which forces are transmitted through the cytoskeleton by intracellular force-generating proteins. This Commentary covers recent advances in the underlying mechanisms that control cell proliferation by mechanical signaling, with an emphasis on the role of 3D microenvironments and in vivo extracellular matrices. Moreover, as there is much recent interest in the tumor-stromal interaction, we will pay particular attention to exciting new data describing the role of mechanical signaling in the progression of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo P Provenzano
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Han JW, Lee HJ, Bae GU, Kang JS. Promyogenic function of Integrin/FAK signaling is mediated by Cdo, Cdc42 and MyoD. Cell Signal 2011; 23:1162-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
23
|
Li D, Sewer MB. RhoA and DIAPH1 mediate adrenocorticotropin-stimulated cortisol biosynthesis by regulating mitochondrial trafficking. Endocrinology 2010; 151:4313-23. [PMID: 20591975 PMCID: PMC2940507 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones are formed by the successive action of enzymes that are localized in mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Compartmentalization of these enzymes in different subcellular organelles dictates the need for efficient transfer of intermediary metabolites between the mitochondrion and ER; however, the molecular determinants that regulate interorganelle substrate exchange are unknown. The objective of this study was to define the molecular mechanism by which adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) signaling regulates communication between mitochondria and the ER during steroidogenesis. Using live cell video confocal microscopy, we found that ACTH and dibutyryl cAMP rapidly increased the rate of mitochondrial movement. Inhibiting tubulin polymerization prevented both basal and ACTH/cAMP-stimulated mitochondrial trafficking and decreased cortisol secretion. This decrease in cortisol secretion evoked by microtubule inhibition was paralleled by an increase in dehydroepiandrosterone production. In contrast, treatment with paclitaxel to stabilize microtubules or latrunculin B to inhibit actin polymerization and disrupt microfilament organization increased both mitochondrial trafficking and cortisol biosynthesis. ACTH-stimulated mitochondrial movement was dependent on RhoA and the RhoA effector, diaphanous-related homolog 1 (DIAPH1). ACTH signaling temporally increased the cellular concentrations of GTP-bound and Ser-188 phosphorylated RhoA, which promoted interaction with DIAPH1. Expression of a dominant-negative RhoA mutant or silencing DIAPH1 impaired mitochondrial trafficking and cortisol biosynthesis and concomitantly increased the secretion of adrenal androgens. We conclude that ACTH regulates cortisol production by facilitating interorganelle substrate transfer via a process that is mediated by RhoA and DIAPH1, which act to coordinate the dynamic trafficking of mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Li
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0704, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Macharia R, Otto A, Valasek P, Patel K. Neuromuscular junction morphology, fiber-type proportions, and satellite-cell proliferation rates are altered in MyoD(-/-) mice. Muscle Nerve 2010; 42:38-52. [PMID: 20544915 DOI: 10.1002/mus.21637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gene compensation by members of the myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) family has been proposed to explain the apparent normal adult phenotype of MyoD(-/-) mice. Nerve and field stimulation were used to investigate contraction properties of muscle from MyoD(-/-) mice, and molecular approaches were used to investigate satellite-cell behavior. We demonstrate that MyoD deletion results in major alterations in the organization of the neuromuscular junction, which have a dramatic influence on the physiological contractile properties of skeletal muscle. Second, we show that the lineage progression of satellite cells (especially initial proliferation) in the absence of MyoD is abnormal and linked to perturbations in the nuclear localization of beta-catenin, a key readout of canonical Wnt signaling. These results show that MyoD has unique functions in both developing and adult skeletal muscle that are not carried out by other members of the MRF family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Macharia
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sambasivan R, Cheedipudi S, Pasupuleti N, Saleh A, Pavlath GK, Dhawan J. The small chromatin-binding protein p8 coordinates the association of anti-proliferative and pro-myogenic proteins at the myogenin promoter. J Cell Sci 2009; 122:3481-91. [PMID: 19723804 PMCID: PMC2746131 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.048678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quiescent muscle progenitors called satellite cells persist in adult skeletal muscle and, upon injury to muscle, re-enter the cell cycle and either undergo self-renewal or differentiate to regenerate lost myofibers. Using synchronized cultures of C2C12 myoblasts to model these divergent programs, we show that p8 (also known as Nupr1), a G1-induced gene, negatively regulates the cell cycle and promotes myogenic differentiation. p8 is a small chromatin protein related to the high mobility group (HMG) family of architectural factors and binds to histone acetyltransferase p300 (p300, also known as CBP). We confirm this interaction and show that p300-dependent events (Myc expression, global histone acetylation and post-translational acetylation of the myogenic regulator MyoD) are all affected in p8-knockdown myoblasts, correlating with repression of MyoD target-gene expression and severely defective differentiation. We report two new partners for p8 that support a role in muscle-specific gene regulation: p68 (Ddx5), an RNA helicase reported to bind both p300 and MyoD, and MyoD itself. We show that, similar to MyoD and p300, p8 and p68 are located at the myogenin promoter, and that knockdown of p8 compromises chromatin association of all four proteins. Thus, p8 represents a new node in a chromatin regulatory network that coordinates myogenic differentiation with cell-cycle exit.
Collapse
|
26
|
Otto A, Collins-Hooper H, Patel K. The origin, molecular regulation and therapeutic potential of myogenic stem cell populations. J Anat 2009; 215:477-97. [PMID: 19702867 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells, originating in the embryonic dermamyotome, reside beneath the myofibre of mature adult skeletal muscle and constitute the tissue-specific stem cell population. Recent advances following the identification of markers for these cells (including Pax7, Myf5, c-Met and CD34) (CD, cluster of differentiation; c-Met, mesenchymal epithelial transition factor) have led to a greater understanding of the role played by satellite cells in the regeneration of new skeletal muscle during growth and following injury. In response to muscle damage, satellite cells harbour the ability both to form myogenic precursors and to self-renew to repopulate the stem cell niche following myofibre damage. More recently, other stem cell populations including bone marrow stem cells, skeletal muscle side population cells and mesoangioblasts have also been shown to have myogenic potential in culture, and to be able to form skeletal muscle myofibres in vivo and engraft into the satellite cell niche. These cell types, along with satellite cells, have shown potential when used as a therapy for skeletal muscle wasting disorders where the intrinsic stem cell population is genetically unable to repair non-functioning muscle tissue. Accurate understanding of the mechanisms controlling satellite cell lineage progression and self-renewal as well as the recruitment of other stem cell types towards the myogenic lineage is crucial if we are to exploit the power of these cells in combating myopathic conditions. Here we highlight the origin, molecular regulation and therapeutic potential of all the major cell types capable of undergoing myogenic differentiation and discuss their potential therapeutic application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Otto
- School of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Degenerative muscle fiber accelerates adipogenesis of intramuscular cells via RhoA signaling pathway. Differentiation 2009; 77:350-9. [PMID: 19281783 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In some pathological conditions such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, it has been known that a fatty infiltration in skeletal muscle is often observed and that is also one of primary factors to induce marked decline of muscular strength. However, the mechanism of fatty infiltration, cellular origin of accumulated adipocytes and its significance are not fully understood. The fact that persistent degenerative muscle fibers are present on dystrophic muscle leads us to hypothesize that muscle fiber condition affects fatty infiltration in skeletal muscle. We employed a single fiber culture system to determine whether fiber condition affects an appearance of adipocytes on the fibers. Artificially hyper-contracted muscle fibers (HCF), generated from isolated intact fibers (IF) of rat extensor digitrum longus muscle, were maintained as non-adherent cultures for 5-7 days. Interestingly, there appeared to be considerable numbers of mature adipocytes on HCF, whereas no adipocytes were seen on IF, indicating that cells on HCF spontaneously differentiated into mature adipocytes. Activation of RhoA signaling by the addition of thrombin decreased the number of adipocytes on HCF in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the number of MyoD-positive myoblasts increased. In contrast, Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho kinases (ROCK), induced adipogenic differentiation of cells derived from IF. In addition, administration of Y-27632 into mouse regenerating muscle resulted in fat accumulation in the muscle. Taken together, the present studies clearly demonstrated that muscle fiber condition affects fat accumulation in skeletal muscle and that is possibly mediated by the RhoA signaling pathway.
Collapse
|