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Benítez FJ, Melín V, Perez-Gonzalez G, Henríquez A, Zarate X, Schott E, Contreras D. The ferryl generation by fenton reaction driven by catechol. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139155. [PMID: 37290511 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Fenton and Fenton-like reactions are based on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by Fe(II), primarily producing highly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals (HO∙). While HO∙ is the main oxidizing species in these reactions, Fe(IV) (FeO2+) generation has been reported as one of the primary oxidants. FeO2+ has a longer lifetime than HO∙ and can remove two electrons from a substrate, making it a critical oxidant that may be more efficient than HO∙. It is widely accepted that the preferential generation of HO∙ or FeO2+ in the Fenton reaction depends on factors such as pH and Fe: H2O2 ratio. Reaction mechanisms have been proposed to generate FeO2+, which mainly depend on the radicals generated in the coordination sphere and the HO∙ radicals that diffuse out of the coordination sphere and react with Fe(III). As a result, some mechanisms are dependent on prior HO∙ radical production. Catechol-type ligands can induce and amplify the Fenton reaction by increasing the generation of oxidizing species. Previous studies have focused on the generation of HO∙ radicals in these systems, whereas this study investigates the generation of FeO2+ (using xylidine as a selective substrate). The findings revealed that FeO2+ production is increased compared to the classical Fenton reaction and that FeO2+ generation is mainly due to the reactivity of Fe(III) with HO∙ from outside the coordination sphere. It is proposed that the inhibition of FeO2+ generation via HO∙ generated from inside the coordination sphere is caused by the preferential reaction of HO∙ with semiquinone in the coordination sphere, favoring the formation of quinone and Fe(III) and inhibiting the generation of FeO2+ through this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca J Benítez
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Melín
- Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez 1775, Arica 1000007, Chile
| | - Gabriel Perez-Gonzalez
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Adolfo Henríquez
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Ximena Zarate
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Santiago, Chile; Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Chile
| | - Eduardo Schott
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Centro de Energía UC, Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago, Chile; Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Chile
| | - David Contreras
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Millenium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Chile.
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Xin Y, Shido S, Kato K, Shirai T. Glazes induced degradation of tea catechins. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10507. [PMID: 37380665 PMCID: PMC10307877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In present work, the degradation behavior of tea catechins on various commercial glazes was elucidated for the first time. Four kinds of Japanese typical commercial glaze powders (Oribe /Namako/Irabo /Toumei) based on Fe/Mg /Cu /Ti oxides were utilized and deposited on ceramic tiles. Tea solution extracted from green tea leaves at 80 °C and then utilized for the examination of degradation behavior with glazes to meet a nearly identical condition in human daily tea drinking with ceramicwares. It was found that the degradation of tea catechins significantly dependent on the chemical structure of glazes, that is: Fe/Cu/Mg oxides contained glazes can promote the degradation of epigallocatechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate, while Ti oxide contained glaze stimulated the degradation of epigallocatechin gallate selectively. Coloring pigments were produced in degraded tea solutions, whose color shows glaze dependent property. We presume that these color pigments can be assigned as oxytheotannin, especially theaflavin and its oxides as well as thearubigins, that produced through the polymerization of intermediate free radical catechin and/or the ortho-quinone generated by catalytic effect of glaze oxides worked as Lewis's acids. The specific function of glazes on degradation of catechins discovered here not only provides principal information for design and development of functional materials but also bring new impacts on daily tea drinking and long-term human health-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzi Xin
- Advanced Ceramics Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Sota Shido
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Kato
- Advanced Ceramics Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Shirai
- Advanced Ceramics Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
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Patanè GT, Putaggio S, Tellone E, Barreca D, Ficarra S, Maffei C, Calderaro A, Laganà G. Catechins and Proanthocyanidins Involvement in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119228. [PMID: 37298181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies on natural antioxidant compounds have highlighted their potentiality against various pathological conditions. The present review aims to selectively evaluate the benefits of catechins and their polymeric structure on metabolic syndrome, a common disorder characterized by a cluster of three main risk factors: obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Patients with metabolic syndrome suffer chronic low inflammation state and oxidative stress both conditions effectively countered by flavanols and their polymers. The mechanism behind the activity of these molecules has been highlighted and correlated with the characteristic features present on their basic flavonoidic skelethon, as well as the efficient doses needed to perform their activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The amount of evidence provided in this review offers a starting point for flavanol dietary supplementation as a potential strategy to counteract several metabolic targets associated with metabolic syndrome and suggests a key role of albumin as flavanol-delivery system to the different target of action inside the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tancredi Patanè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Putaggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ester Tellone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Silvana Ficarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Carlo Maffei
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Calderaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Laganà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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4
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Ahmad R, Aldholmi M, Alqathama A, Althomali E, Aljishi F, Mostafa A, Alqarni AM, Shaaban H. The effect of natural antioxidants, pH, and green solvents upon catechins stability during ultrasonic extraction from green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 94:106337. [PMID: 36821932 PMCID: PMC9981997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is a first-time report to evaluate the effect of natural antioxidants, pH, and green solvents upon catechins yield and stability during the active process of extraction from green tea leaves. METHODOLOGY Green solvents (model-A) augmented with piperine (PPN) and quercetin (QT) as natural antioxidants (model-B) at different pH 2-6 (model-C) were used to extract catechins from green tea leaves using an ultrasonic extraction process (USE). For quantification of catechins (EC; epicatechins, ECG; epicatechin gallate, and EGCG; epigallocatechin gallate), a green and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated. RESULTS The UHPLC-MS/MS method showed an accuracy of 98.3-102.6 % within the linearity range of 1-500 ppb for EC (m/z) 289 → 245 → 109, ECG (m/z) 441.2 → 169 → 289, and EGCG (m/z) 457.1 → 169 → 125.1. The general yield (ppb) for EC, ECG, and EGCG was observed with the ranges and sum of (N = 180) 0.06-157.80 and 6696.83, 0.04-316.93 and 12632.60 and, 0.12-584.11 and 26144.83, respectively. Model-C revealed the highest yield for catechins at the lowest pH-2 with an individual catechin yield of EGCG (584.11) > ECG (316.93) > EC (157.80) in CW2. In terms of stability, EGCG was the most unstable catechin whereas, catechins extracted in model-B exhibited more stability (%recovery of 14.70 for EC, 10.55 for ECG, and 5.36 for EGCG in BEP). Moreover, model-B showed the minimal degradation for catechins within the range of 11.81-94.64 (BEP); even the most degradable EGCG was seen with the smallest %loss of 11.81-94.64 at time 24-70 h, as compared to the loss of > 95 % in model-A and C. The ANOVA score for catechins yield was; F11,168 = 61.06 (EC), F11,168 = 66.53 (ECG), and F11,168 = 48.92 (EGCG) (P = 0.00) with mean scores of (M = 94.63, SD = 25.46) for EC, (M = 194.87, SD = 51.41) ECG, and (M = 357.57, SD = 96.80) EGCG in CE2. CONCLUSION A significant effect on catechins yield and stability was observed with the use of natural antioxidants and lowest pH-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Aldholmi
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aljawharah Alqathama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtihal Althomali
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Aljishi
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik M Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Lotus Root Polysaccharide-Phenol Complexes: Interaction, Structure, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030577. [PMID: 36766107 PMCID: PMC9914407 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to explore the interaction between lotus root polysaccharides (LRPs) and phenolic compounds, and to study the effects of phenolic binding on the structural and functional properties of LRPs. The influences of pH, temperature, and NaCl and phenol concentration on the binding ratio of gallic acid (GA)/epigallocatechin (EGC) to LRPs were evaluated. LRP-GA/EGC complexes with different phenolic binding amounts were then prepared and characterized via ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and average molecular weight (MW) measurements. The results suggest that hydrogen bonds contributed to the binding of GA/EGC and LRPs. The phenolic binding led to significant changes in the structure and MW of LRPs. Moreover, antioxidant activity and the macrophage-stimulating effect of LRPs were improved after binding with GA/EGC, depending on the binding amount and type of polyphenol. Interestingly, LRP-GA/EGC complexes with polyphenol binding amounts of 105.4 mg/g and 50.71 mg/g, respectively, showed better stimulation effects on the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 secretion of macrophages when compared to LRPs. These results show the great potential of phenolic binding to be applied to improve the structure and functional activity of LRPs.
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Zhang J, Niu Y, Zhou Y, Ju S, Gu Y. Green preparation of nano-zero-valent iron-copper bimetals for nitrate removal: Characterization, reduction reaction pathway, and mechanisms. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Pan Y, Qin R, Hou M, Xue J, Zhou M, Xu L, Zhang Y. The interactions of polyphenols with Fe and their application in Fenton/Fenton-like reactions. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Chen B, Zhang W, Lin C, Zhang L. A Comprehensive Review on Beneficial Effects of Catechins on Secondary Mitochondrial Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911569. [PMID: 36232871 PMCID: PMC9569714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main sites for oxidative phosphorylation and synthesis of adenosine triphosphate in cells, and are known as cellular power factories. The phrase "secondary mitochondrial diseases" essentially refers to any abnormal mitochondrial function other than primary mitochondrial diseases, i.e., the process caused by the genes encoding the electron transport chain (ETC) proteins directly or impacting the production of the machinery needed for ETC. Mitochondrial diseases can cause adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis disorder, an increase in oxygen free radicals, and intracellular redox imbalance. It can also induce apoptosis and, eventually, multi-system damage, which leads to neurodegenerative disease. The catechin compounds rich in tea have attracted much attention due to their effective antioxidant activity. Catechins, especially acetylated catechins such as epicatechin gallate (ECG) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), are able to protect mitochondria from reactive oxygen species. This review focuses on the role of catechins in regulating cell homeostasis, in which catechins act as a free radical scavenger and metal ion chelator, their protective mechanism on mitochondria, and the protective effect of catechins on mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This review highlights catechins and their effects on mitochondrial functional metabolic networks: regulating mitochondrial function and biogenesis, improving insulin resistance, regulating intracellular calcium homeostasis, and regulating epigenetic processes. Finally, the indirect beneficial effects of catechins on mitochondrial diseases are also illustrated by the warburg and the apoptosis effect. Some possible mechanisms are shown graphically. In addition, the bioavailability of catechins and peracetylated-catechins, free radical scavenging activity, mitochondrial activation ability of the high-molecular-weight polyphenol, and the mitochondrial activation factor were also discussed.
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Ding Y, Choy LY, Chew MH, Lin Q, Johns PW. Effects of Metal Ions on Cyanocobalamin Stability in Heated Milk
Protein‐Based
Matrices. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, 20 Biopolis Way, #09‐01/02 Centros Building 138668 Singapore Singapore
| | - Li Yin Choy
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, 20 Biopolis Way, #09‐01/02 Centros Building 138668 Singapore Singapore
| | - Min Hui Chew
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, 20 Biopolis Way, #09‐01/02 Centros Building 138668 Singapore Singapore
| | - Qi Lin
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, 20 Biopolis Way, #09‐01/02 Centros Building 138668 Singapore Singapore
| | - Paul W. Johns
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, 20 Biopolis Way, #09‐01/02 Centros Building 138668 Singapore Singapore
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Relationship between the Grade and the Characteristic Flavor of PCT (Panyong Congou Black Tea). Foods 2022; 11:foods11182815. [PMID: 36140943 PMCID: PMC9497606 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Panyong Congou black tea (PCT) is one of the most representative and historically famous Congou black teas in China and has been gaining more and more attention for its beneficial health properties. Currently, four grades of PCT are available, based on the raw leaf materials and consumer palatability. The chemical profiles distinguishing different grades of PCT are yet to be defined, nor has the relationship with grade been evaluated. In the present study, chemometric analysis showed that epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin (C), polyphenols, gallic acid (GA), and free amino acids are grade related bio-markers of PCT. These compounds are associated with the sweet and mellow aftertaste of PCT. A total of 34 volatile components were identified, of which the three component types with the highest relative percentages were alcohols (51.34–52.51%), ketones (27.31–30.28%), and aldehydes (12.70–13.18%). Additionally, our results revealed that sweet floral and fruity aromas were positively correlated with six volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 1-pentanol, propyl hexanoate, linalool, cyclohexanone, hexanal, and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine. Clear discrimination was achieved using orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The findings provide vital information on the characteristic flavor of each grade of PCT.
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Study on the color effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate under different pH and temperatures in a model beverage system. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Tang L, Dang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Hu T, Ding C, Wu H, Ni Y, Chen L, Huang L, Zhang M. Rapid fabrication of bionic pyrogallol-based self-adhesive hydrogel with mechanically tunable, self-healing, antibacterial, wound healing, and hemostatic properties. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212765. [PMID: 35929329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are functional materials that are similar to human skin and have received much attention in recent years for biomedical applications. However, the preparation of nontoxic, highly adhesive, and antimicrobial hydrogels in an efficient way remains a great challenge. Inspired by adhesive mussel foot proteins (mfps) which consist of abundant catecholic amino acids and lysine (Lys) residues, gallic acid-modified ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL/GA) was synthesized, and an active functional monomer (AA-EPL/GA) was then created through a reaction with acrylic acid (AA). The polymerization of AA-EPL/GA occurred rapidly (30-160 s) under blue light (λ = 405 nm) irradiation to produce a biomimetic PAA-EPL/GA hydrogel under mild conditions. The biomimetic pyrogallol-Lys distribution endowed the PAA-EPL/GA hydrogels with superior adhesion in humid environments (with an adhesive strength of 50.02 kPa toward wet porcine skin) and tunable mechanical and self-healing properties. Additionally, the PAA-EPL/GA hydrogels exhibited outstanding antibacterial ability due to the inherent characteristics of GA and EPL. In a mouse model, PAA-EPL/GA adhered firmly around the wound tissues. Photographs of the wound and the histological results demonstrated the ability of the hydrogel to promote wound healing, control wound infection, and suppress scar formation. Moreover, the hydrogel had a good hemostatic effect on liver bleeding. Our results highlighted the promising application potential of GA-based hydrogels, which were easily, harmlessly, and efficiently fabricated by blue light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Tang
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Yuan Dang
- Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350011, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Tianshuo Hu
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Cuicui Ding
- College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, PR China.
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Limerick Pulp & Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Lihui Chen
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Liulian Huang
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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Tea consumption and risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study of 377 592 UK Biobank participants. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:171. [PMID: 35474192 PMCID: PMC9042826 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a widely consumed beverage, tea boasts diverse health benefits. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between tea consumption and dementia risk. We conducted a prospective cohort study with 377 592 UK Biobank participants during a 9-year follow-up. Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation index, education, body mass index, lifestyle factors, dietary factors and apolipoprotein E4 status were used to examine the association of tea consumption with dementia risk. Subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex and forms of dementia (Alzheimer's disease [AD] and vascular dementia [VD]) were performed. Moreover, the restricted cubic splines were used to calculate the nonlinear relationship between daily dosage of tea and dementia risk. After adjustment for all covariates, tea drinkers were 16% (95% confidence interval: 8-23) less likely to develop dementia compared with non-drinkers. Moderate consumption (1-6 cups/day) of tea exerted significant protective effects. Subgroup analyses showed that mid-aged participants or males benefited more from tea consumption. Moreover, moderate drinkers had a 16-19% lower hazard of AD and a 25-29% lower hazard of VD. Furthermore, a U-shaped association between tea consumption and dementia risk was shown (Pnon-linearity = 7E-04), and the consumption of around three cups per day showed the strongest protective effect. Within 3 cups/day, drinking one extra cup of tea per day brought a 6% reduction of incidence. In conclusion, moderate consumption of tea was significantly associated with a reduced risk of dementia, suggesting that tea consumption could be a modifiable lifestyle factor for dementia.
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Li Y, Karim MR, Wang B, Peng J. Effects of Green Tea (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) on Cardiac Function - A Review of the Therapeutic Mechanism and Potentials. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2371-2382. [PMID: 35345998 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220328161826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease, the leading cause of death globally, refers to various illnesses that affect heart structure and function. Specific abnormalities affecting cardiac muscle contractility and remodeling and common factors including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis underlie the pathogenesis of heart diseases. Epidemiology studies have associated green tea consumption with lower morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, including heart and blood vessel dysfunction. Among the various compounds found in green tea, catechins are believed to play a significant role in producing benefits to cardiovascular health. Comprehensive literature reviews have been published to summarize the tea catechins' antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects in the context of various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and metabolic diseases. However, recent studies on tea catechins, especially the most abundant (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), revealed their capabilities in regulating cardiac muscle contraction by directly altering myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity on force development and Ca2+ ion handling in cardiomyocytes under both physiological and pathological conditions. In vitro and in vivo data also demonstrated that green tea extract or EGCG protected or rescued cardiac function, independent of their well-known effects against oxidative stress and inflammation. This minireview will focus on the specific effects of tea catechins on heart muscle contractility at the molecular and cellular level, revisit their effects on oxidative stress and inflammation in a variety of heart diseases, and discuss EGCG's potential as one of the lead compounds for new drug discovery for heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejin Li
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore
| | | | - Buheng Wang
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore
| | - Jiangnan Peng
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore
- Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore
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15
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Zhou Y, Li X. Effect of addition sites on bioaugmentation of tea polyphenols-NZVI/PE composite packing: Nitrogen removal efficiency and service life. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133258. [PMID: 34914945 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although efficient improvement of the nitrogen removal from wastewater by adding iron was achieved in wastewater process, the influence mechanism of addition sites is unclear. The study was based on the A/O-MBR treating simulated domestic wastewater, and tea polyphenol-nano zero-valent iron/polyethylene packing (TP-NZVI/PE) was added into the anoxic tank, aerobic tank and membrane effluent end of the process, respectively. The effect of the different addition sites on the nitrogen removal performance of A/O-MBR was investigated. Combine with the corrosion rate of NZVI on the packing surface to optimize TP-NZVI/PE addition site. The enhancement mechanism of TP-NZVI/PE under different addition site was explored through the calculation of the materials balance (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus). The results showed that the pollutant removal of A/O-MBR was significantly increased with the TP-NZVI/PE added. In particular, the TP-NZVI/PE was added into the aerobic tank, and the pollutant removal rate was increased 31.71% (TN) and 53.00% (total phosphorus), respectively. Meanwhile, the service life of TP-NZVI/PE in the aerobic tank was 66 days. The anti-oxidation and dispersion of NZVI was improved with the encapsulation of tea polyphenols and support of packing, and it also played a certain slow-release effect, so that the service life of NZVI was further prolonged in aerobic condition. Combined with the material balance analysis, the result showed that the environmental structure made diversity in the aerobic tank by added the TP-NZVI/PE, and the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process was achieved. The dependence of the denitrification process on the carbon source was greatly reduced. Besides, it promoted the adsorption and chemical precipitation process of the system for phosphor pollutant and achieved the denitrifying phosphorus removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Xiufen Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou, 215009, PR China.
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16
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Zhou Y, Li X. Green synthesis of modified polyethylene packing supported tea polyphenols-NZVI for nitrate removal from wastewater: Characterization and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150596. [PMID: 34592281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nano-zero-valent iron (NZVI), as an electron donor, performed excellence in the reduction and remove of nitrate. However, the easy agglomeration and poor antioxidation of NZVI declined the nitrate removal and limited the application in the field of wastewater treatment. Herein, a novel composite packing of tea polyphenol, NZVI and modified polyethylene carrier (TP-NZVI/PE) was prepared and characterized, the removal efficiency of nitrate was verified, and the preliminary removal mechanism was finally investigated. The results showed that the maximum iron loading on TP-NZVI/PE composite achieved under 50 °C, pH of 5.0, 4.0 g/L of Fe2+, and 7.2 g/L of TP, respectively, with 3.51 ± 0.12 mg/g. NZVI presented satisfactory antioxidation and anti-agglomeration via TP encapsulation. TP encapsulation of TP-NZVI/PE composite was easily degraded by microorganisms and NZVI was exposed to nitrate during wastewater treatment, which made the reduction of nitrate possible. The nitrate removal efficiency of TP-NZVI/PE composite with microorganism was 79.88 ± 0.17%, higher three times than that of TP-NZVI/PE (25.54 ± 0.21%). The oxidized NZVI was transformed to Fe2+/Fe3+, which were prone to adsorb nitrate and then co-precipitate. It was favorable for further removal of nitrate. Results suggested a novel approach for fast and eco-friendly preparation and efficient application of NZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Xiufen Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
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17
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Effect of Brewing Water on the Antioxidant Capacity of Green Tea Infusion with DPPH Assay. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7736117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brewing water plays a crucial role in flavor and potential healthy functions of tea infusion. In this study, seven water samples with different physicochemical properties were selected to brew green tea. Results showed that the brewing water with higher minerals level and pH value would reduce the yield of catechins in tea infusion, which in turn caused the decrease of antioxidant activity to a large extent. Besides, it was found that EGCG, as a major contributor to the antioxidant activity of green tea infusion, was influenced differently by different metal ions, among which Ca2+/Mg2+ could enhance the antioxidant activity of EGCG solutions with different concentration through synergistic effect, particularly Ca2+, and the effect was more markable at a higher EGCG concentration. These results offered theoretical direction to the selection of tea brewing water for consumers and gave a new sight to the effects of metal ions on the antioxidant capacity of EGCG.
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18
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Synergistic protective effects of lycopene and N-acetylcysteine against cisplatin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13979. [PMID: 34234176 PMCID: PMC8263713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is one of the most frequently used chemotherapy agents. The objective of this design was to determine the ameliorative effect of lycopene (LP) and/or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in rats with hepatic and renal toxicity induced by CP. Rats were divided randomly into 7 groups (7 rats/group): control vehicle group (saline only), the LP group (10 mg/kg, orally), the NAC group (150 mg/kg, orally), the CP group (7.5 mg/kg, IP on day 27), the LP-CP group, the NAC-CP group, and the LP-NAC-CP group. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (APK), and levels of urea, creatinine, and lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) increased after CP injection in the serum. Moreover, CP decreased levels of protein, albumin, and HDL cholesterol. Meanwhile, malondialdehyde significantly increased with a decrease in reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the liver and kidney tissues. CP also induced some pathological lesions and increased the expression of caspase-3 in the liver and kidney tissues. Administration of LP and NAC alone or in combinations ameliorated hepatorenal toxicity and apoptosis induced by CP.
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Cao QQ, Wang F, Wang JQ, Chen JX, Yin JF, Li L, Meng FK, Cheng Y, Xu YQ. Effects of brewing water on the sensory attributes and physicochemical properties of tea infusions. Food Chem 2021; 364:130235. [PMID: 34175625 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of brewing water on the sensory attributes and physicochemical properties of tea infusions made from Chinese teas were investigated. The tea infusions brewed in water with higher pH and total dissolved solids (TDS), generally had a darker color and lower overall sensory acceptability. Moreover, those infusions had less catechins, particularly galloylated-catechins, and lower antioxidant capacity. The teas with less fermentation contained more galloylated-catechins and had higher antioxidant capacity, but were much more susceptible to high mineral brewing water. Green tea was proved to be the most susceptible one, whereas dark tea the most stable one. Green tea infusions prepared with higher pH/TDS water were more rapidly oxidized, resulting in a darker color due to polymerization of catechins, when exposed to the air. These findings suggested that low mineral brewing water was better for Chinese tea, both from the sensory and health benefit perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Cao
- Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Wang
- Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian-Xin Chen
- Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jun-Feng Yin
- Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Lijun Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Fan-Ke Meng
- Foshan Shunde Midea Water Dispenser Manufacturing Co., Ltd, 68 Guangle Road, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Zhejiang Skyherb Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Anji 313300, China
| | - Yong-Quan Xu
- Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China.
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20
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Retrospecting the Antioxidant Activity of Japanese Matcha Green Tea–Lack of Enthusiasm? APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11115087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Matcha tea is a traditional Japanese tea that is said to possess ten times higher bioactive components and polyphenols than that of conventional green teas. Matcha is remotely popular among the global community and meagerly researched and infamous among the scientific population. It is the powdered form of green tea leaves that are directly suspended in hot water and drunk without filtration. Matcha is said to be one of the richest antioxidant sources naturally available. This review summarizes the available research publications related to matcha and compares the research accomplishments of green tea and matcha researchers. The fact that green tea is backed up by 35,000 publications while matcha has merely 54 publications to its credit is highlighted in this review for the first time. The future of matcha for tapping its enormous antioxidant activity and health potentials remains connected to the volume of scientific awareness and enhanced research attention in this area. If green tea has so much to offer towards human health and welfare, there is certainly room for more benefits from matcha, which is yet to be disclosed. As public awareness cannot be won without scientific approval, this review seeks that this gap may be bridged using essential knowledge gained from matcha applications and allied research.
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21
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Abstract
Catechin exhibits numerous physiological characteristics. In this study, we determined the photosensitivity of catechin to various lights under alkaline conditions, and the mechanisms by which catechin generates free radical species and polymerizes via a photoreaction. In addition to this, the application of catechin photolysis was investigated. A solution of catechin is transparent, but turns yellowish under blue light illumination (BLI) in neutral or weak alkaline solutions. When catechin is subjected to BLI, a dimeric catechin (proanthocyanidin) and a superoxide anion radical (O2•−) are generated in a photolytic reaction. When ascorbic acid or gallic acid is added to catechin and the mixture is subjected to BLI at alkaline pH, fewer catechin dimers and less O2•− are produced, because both acids inhibit the photosensitive oxidation of catechin. When AlCl3 is added to catechin and the mixture is subjected to BLI at pH 8, a photolytic reaction is suppressed by AlCl3, and AlCl3 acts as a catalyst for the disconnection of proanthocyanidin during photolysis. Under alkaline conditions, catechin generates O2•− via photosensitive oxidation, which suppresses the growth of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) by at least 4 logs, and deactivates its multi-drug-resistant strain. This study shows that catechin photolysis is a process of oxidation, and that it can be safely applied as a tool for environmental applications.
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22
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Opportunities and challenges for the nanodelivery of green tea catechins in functional foods. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110186. [PMID: 33773663 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Green tea, the least processed tea product, is scientifically known for its rich antioxidant content originating from polyphenols, especially catechins. The most potent green tea catechin is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which is responsible for a wide range of health benefits including anticancer, antidiabetics, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, green tea catechins (GTCs) are very labile under both environmental and gastrointestinal conditions; their chemical stability and bioavailability primarily depend on the processing and formulation conditions. Nanocarriers can protect GTCs against such conditions, and consequently, can be applicable for designing nanodelivery systems suitable for GTCs. In this review, the latest findings about both opportunities and limitations for the nanodelivery of GTCs and their incorporation into various functional food products are discussed. The scientific findings so far confirm that nanodelivery of GTCs can be an efficient approach towards the enhancement of their health-promoting effects with a minimal dose, controlled and targeted release, lessening the dose-related toxicity, and the efficient incorporation into functional foods. However, further investigation is yet needed to fully explain the cellular mechanisms of action of GTCs on human health and to elucidate the effect of encapsulation on their bioefficacy using well-designed, systematic, long-term, and large-scale clinical interventions. There also exists a substantial concern regarding the safety of the manufactured nanoparticles, their absorption, and the associated release mechanisms.
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23
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Iron Complexes of Flavonoids-Antioxidant Capacity and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020646. [PMID: 33440733 PMCID: PMC7827006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are common plant natural products able to suppress ROS-related damage and alleviate oxidative stress. One of key mechanisms, involved in this phenomenon is chelation of transition metal ions. From a physiological perspective, iron is the most significant transition metal, because of its abundance in living organisms and ubiquitous involvement in redox processes. The chemical, pharmaceutical, and biological properties of flavonoids can be significantly affected by their interaction with transition metal ions, mainly iron. In this review, we explain the interaction of various flavonoid structures with Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions and critically discuss the influence of chelated ions on the flavonoid biochemical properties. In addition, specific biological effects of their iron metallocomplexes, such as the inhibition of iron-containing enzymes, have been included in this review.
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24
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Catechin Photolysis Suppression by Aluminum Chloride under Alkaline Conditions and Assessment with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245985. [PMID: 33348758 PMCID: PMC7766431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea is rich in catechins and aluminum. In this study, the process of catechin photolysis was applied as a model for examining the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on the structural changes of catechin and the alteration of aluminum complexes under blue light irradiation (BLI) at pH 8 using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques. Additionally, the effects of anions on catechin upon the addition of AlCl3 and treatment with BLI were also studied. In this study, when 1 mM catechin was treated with BLI, a superoxide anion radical (O2•-) was generated in an air-saturated aqueous solution, in addition to forming a dimeric catechin (proanthocyanidin) via a photon-induced redox reaction. The relative percentage of catechin was found to be 59.0 and 95.7 for catechin treated with BLI and catechin upon the addition of 1 mM AlCl3 treated with BLI, respectively. It suggested that catechin treated with BLI could be suppressed by AlCl3, while AlCl3 did not form a complex with catechin in the photolytic system. However, under the same conditions, it was also found that the addition of AlCl3 inhibited the photolytic formation of O2•-, and reduced the generation of proanthocyanidin, suggesting that the disconnection of proanthocyanidin was achieved by AlCl3 acting as a catalyst under treatment with BLI. The influence of 1 mM fluoride (F-) and 1 mM oxalate (C2O42-) ions on the photolysis of 1 mM catechin upon the addition of 1 mM AlCl3 and treatment with BLI was found to be insignificant, implying that, during the photolysis of catechin, the Al species were either neutral or negatively charged and the aluminum species did not form a complex with anions in the photolytic system. Therefore, aluminum, which is an amphoteric species, has an inherent potential to stabilize the photolysis of catechin in an alkaline conditions, while suppressing the O2•- and proanthocyanidin generation via aluminum ion catalysis in the catechin/Al system under treatment with BLI.
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25
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Wang X, Feng Y, Chen C, Yang H, Yang X. Preparation, characterization and activity of tea polyphenols-zinc complex. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Nagarajan S, Nagarajan R, Kumar J, Salemme A, Togna AR, Saso L, Bruno F. Antioxidant Activity of Synthetic Polymers of Phenolic Compounds. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1646. [PMID: 32722059 PMCID: PMC7464737 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, developing potent antioxidants has been a very active area of research. In this context, phenolic compounds have been evaluated for their antioxidant activity. However, the use of phenolic compounds has also been limited by poor antioxidant activity in several in vivo studies. Polymeric phenols have received much attention owing to their potent antioxidant properties and increased stability in aqueous systems. To be truly effective in biological applications, it is important that these polymers be synthesized using benign methods. In this context, enzyme catalyzed synthesis of polymeric phenols has been explored as an environmentally friendly and safer approach. This review summarizes work in enzymatic syntheses of polymers of phenols. Several assays have been developed to determine the antioxidant potency of these polymeric phenols. These assays are discussed in detail along with structure-property relationships. A deeper understanding of factors affecting antioxidant activity would provide an opportunity for the design of versatile, high performing polymers with enhanced antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhalakshmi Nagarajan
- Department of Natural and Social Sciences, Bowling Green State University-Firelands, Huron, OH 44839, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Nagarajan
- Department of Plastics Engineering and Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
| | - Jayant Kumar
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA;
| | - Adele Salemme
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.T.); (L.S.)
| | - Anna Rita Togna
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.T.); (L.S.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.T.); (L.S.)
| | - Ferdinando Bruno
- Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center, Natick, MA 01760, USA
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27
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Shokrzadeh M, Javanmard H, Golmohammad Zadeh G, Asgarian Emran H, Modanlou M, Yaghubi-Beklar S, Ataee R. Evaluation of the Anti-apoptotic and Anti-cytotoxic Effect of Epicatechin Gallate and Edaravone on SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 10:619-630. [PMID: 32477479 PMCID: PMC7253806 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.10.1159.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting older individuals with signs of motor disability and cognitive impairment. Epicatechin (EC) and edaravone have neuroprotective effects most probably due to their antioxidant activity; however, a limited number of studies have considered their role in PD. This research aimed at investigating the neuroprotective effect of EC and edaravone in a neurotoxin-induced model of PD. Methods: An in vitro model of PD was made by subjecting SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to neurotoxin: 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) 100 μM/well. The cytoprotective effect of EC and edaravone in five concentrations on cell viability was tested using the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay. The apoptotic assay was done by annexin V and propidium iodide method using flow cytometry. Results: According to the MTT assay analysis, EC and edaravone had protective effects against 6-OH DA-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells that were much more significant for edaravone and also a relative synergistic effect between EC and edaravone was observed. The apoptotic analysis showed that edaravone alone could decrease early and late apoptosis, whereas EC diminished early apoptosis, but enhanced late apoptosis and necrosis. Besides, co-treatment of edaravone and EC had a synergistic effect on decreasing apoptosis and increasing cell viability. Conclusion: The protective effect of edaravone on apoptosis and cytotoxicity was demonstrated clearly and EC had a synergistic effect with edaravone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hashem Javanmard
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | | | - Mona Modanlou
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeed Yaghubi-Beklar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ramin Ataee
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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28
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Revealing the main factors and two-way interactions contributing to food discolouration caused by iron-catechol complexation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8288. [PMID: 32427917 PMCID: PMC7237488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fortification of food with iron is considered to be an effective approach to counter the global health problem caused by iron deficiency. However, reactivity of iron with the catechol moiety of food phenolics leads to discolouration and impairs bioavailability. In this study, we investigated the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic factors on food discolouration caused by iron-catechol complexation. To this end, a three-level fractional factorial design was implemented. Absorbance spectra were analysed using statistical methods, including PCA, HCA, and ANOVA. Furthermore, a direct link between absorbance spectra and stoichiometry of the iron-catechol complexes was confirmed by ESI-Q-TOF-MS. All statistical methods confirm that the main effects affecting discolouration were type of iron salt, pH, and temperature. Additionally, several two-way interactions, such as type of iron salt × pH, pH × temperature, and type of iron salt × concentration significantly affected iron-catechol complexation. Our findings provide insight into iron-phenolic complexation-mediated discolouration, and facilitate the design of iron-fortified foods.
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29
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Wojtunik-Kulesza K, Oniszczuk A, Oniszczuk T, Combrzyński M, Nowakowska D, Matwijczuk A. Influence of In Vitro Digestion on Composition, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Food Polyphenols-A Non-Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1401. [PMID: 32414132 PMCID: PMC7284996 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increased interest in following a healthy lifestyle and consuming a substantial portion of secondary plant metabolites, such as polyphenols, due to their benefits for the human body. Food products enriched with various forms of fruits and vegetables are sources of pro-health components. Nevertheless, in many cases, the level of their activities is changed in in vivo conditions. The changes are strictly connected with processes in the digestive system that transfigure the structure of the active compounds and simultaneously keep or modify their biological activities. Much attention has focused on their bioavailability, a prerequisite for further physiological functions. As human studies are time consuming, costly and restricted by ethical concerns, in vitro models for investigating the effects of digestion on these compounds have been developed to predict their release from the food matrix, as well as their bioaccessibility. Most typically, models simulate digestion in the oral cavity, the stomach, the small intestine and, occasionally, the large intestine. The presented review aims to discuss the impact of in vitro digestion on the composition, bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of food polyphenols. Additionally, we consider the influence of pH on antioxidant changes in the aforementioned substances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Combrzyński
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dominika Nowakowska
- Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1, 20-079 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
- Department of Physics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
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30
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M Hegazy E, Ibrahim NM, S M Saleh N. Determination of Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities in Cookies Fortified with Solar Dried Prickly Pear Peels Powder. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 23:590-601. [PMID: 32363815 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.590.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The fortification of bakery products by new materials that attain various goals is considered a challenging that finally gains useful health amelioration. This study was planned to assess the effect of incorporation of solar dried prickly pear peels powder in qaraqeesh (Egyptian cookies) with respect to increase shelf life, sensory palatability and nutritional value. Prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) beside distributed in arid and semiarid regions proved to have phytochemical compounds with high antioxidants capacity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fungi colonies were isolated from prickly pear peels. Three levels (1, 3 and 5%) of dried peels powder were added to wheat flour along with other ingredients to make cookies samples. Mycological analysis was assessed in yeast with the three concentrations of peels powder as well as the fresh peels and negative control. The total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins and carotenoids as well as the antioxidant activity were evaluated in fresh and dried cactus peels. RESULTS Findings showed that the prickly pear peels powder (PPPP) antioxidant activity was not much affected by the solar drying conditions. The effect of different extracting solvents at different polarties and pH on the phenolic and flavonoids contents of PPPP was studied. Aflatoxins production by aflatoxignicity A. flavus (ATCC 28542) was inhibited by adding different concentrations of PPPP to cookies. Sensory evaluation of fortified cookies was done. All the evaluated characteristics of cookies were given nearly the same values for all levels of dried peels powder. CONCLUSION Addition of 5% dried cactus peel had lower overall quality and color than the control. Adding 3% of PPPP to cookies (qaraqeesh) showed the highest sensory score. Dried cactus peels may improve quality, nutritional value and shelf life of cookies.
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Das D, Sen S, Sen K. Caffeine and catechin towards prevention of drug induced oxidation of hemoglobin: A spectroscopic study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 232:118167. [PMID: 32106030 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Administration of low doses of nitrates over prolonged periods in patients suffering from coronary heart disease may lead to chronic methemoglobinemia, a disease caused by oxidation of hemoglobin. Previous reports have shown that natural products like curcumin, vitamin E, vitamin C, resveratrol, etc., are capable of inhibition of nitrite induced oxidation of hemoglobin. Hence in this study we aimed to investigate the preventive role of antioxidants present in our diet, like caffeine and catechin hydrate which are commonly found in coffee and tea towards methemoglobin (met-Hb) formation. Our study revealed that when the hemolysate was pre-incubated with equimolar concentration of caffeine and its metabolite with respect to nitrite, the rate of the nitrite induced oxidation of HbA decreased from (7.33 ± 0.54) × 10-5 min-1 to (7.09 ± 1.05) × 10-5 min-1 and (2.98 ± 0.06) × 10-5 min-1 respectively. Hence it was evident that the metabolite of caffeine, 1-methyluric acid, exhibited better efficiency at physiological concentration than its precursor. On the contrary, only 4 mM catechin hydrate could enhance the rate of methemoglobin formation even in absence of nitrite and the rate of the reaction was (6.088 ± 0.31) × 10-5 min-1 which is comparable with that of 400 μM nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Souvik Sen
- KPC Medical College & Hospital, 1F, Raja Subodh Chandra Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Kamalika Sen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
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Management of Iron Overload in Resource Poor Nations: A Systematic Review of Phlebotomy and Natural Chelators. J Toxicol 2020; 2020:4084538. [PMID: 32399029 PMCID: PMC7204175 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4084538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element and the most abundant trace metal in the body involved in oxygen transport and oxygen sensing, electron transfer, energy metabolism, and DNA synthesis. Excess labile and unchelated iron can catalyze the formation of tissue-damaging radicals and induce oxidative stress. English abstracts were identified in PubMed and Google Scholar using multiple and various search terms based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Full-length articles were selected for systematic review, and secondary and tertiary references were developed. Although bloodletting or phlebotomy remains the gold standard in the management of iron overload, this systematic review is an updated account of the pitfalls of phlebotomy and classical synthetic chelators with scientific justification for the use of natural iron chelators of dietary origin in resource-poor nations.
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Xue Y, Huang F, Tang R, Fan Q, Zhang B, Xu Z, Sun X, Ruan Z. Chlorogenic acid attenuates cadmium-induced intestinal injury in Sprague–Dawley rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Wu QQ, Liang YF, Ma SB, Li H, Gao WY. Stability and stabilization of (-)-gallocatechin gallate under various experimental conditions and analyses of its epimerization, auto-oxidation, and degradation by LC-MS. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5984-5993. [PMID: 31215023 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND (-)-Gallocatechin gallate (GCG) shows multi-bioactivities. Its stability, however, has not been investigated systematically yet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the stability of GCG and to find ways to stabilize it in biological assays. Furthermore, the epimerization of the compound, its auto-oxidation and degradation were also analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). RESULTS The stability of GCG was concentration-dependent and was sensitive to pH, temperature, bivalent cations, and dissolved oxygen level. The results also showed that GCG was not stable in common buffers (50 mmol L-1 , pH 7.4, 37 °C) or in cell culture medium DMEM/F12 under physiological conditions (pH 7.4, 37 °C). Our experiments indicated that nitrogen-saturation and the addition of ascorbic acid (VC) could stabilize GCG in biological assays. In addition, LC-MS determination indicated that GCG was able to be epimerized to its epimer (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Meanwhile it was also able to be auto-oxidized to theasinensin and compound P2 and degraded to gallocatechin and gallic acid in pure water at 100 °C. CONCLUSION The stability of GCG should be seriously considered in research on the bioactivity of it to avoid possible artifacts. Nitrogen-saturation and use of VC are good ways to make GCG stable in biological assays. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Fei Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Sheng-Bo Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Heng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Yun Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems and College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, China
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Mukai K, Nagai K, Ouchi A, Suzuki T, Izumisawa K, Nagaoka S. Finding of remarkable synergistic effect on the aroxyl‐radical‐scavenging rates under the coexistence of α‐tocopherol and catechins. INT J CHEM KINET 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Mukai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceEhime University Matsuyama Japan
| | - Kanae Nagai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceEhime University Matsuyama Japan
| | - Aya Ouchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceEhime University Matsuyama Japan
| | - Tomomi Suzuki
- Product Development Department, Consumer hhc Business DivisionEisai Company, Ltd. Tokyo Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Izumisawa
- Product Development Department, Consumer hhc Business DivisionEisai Company, Ltd. Tokyo Japan
| | - Shin‐Ichi Nagaoka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceEhime University Matsuyama Japan
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Wang X, Chen Z, Zhang C, Zhang C, Ma G, Yang J, Wei X, Sun H. A Generic Coordination Assembly-Enabled Nanocoating of Individual Tumor Cells for Personalized Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900474. [PMID: 31322330 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A generic and effective tumor cells encapsulation strategy enabled by metal-organic coordination is developed to prepare a vaccine for personalized immunotherapy. Specifically, an epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-Al(III) coordination layer is in situ formed onto individual living cells in aqueous phase and the process can be completed within an hour. 98% of proteins in the cells are entrapped within the microparticles, which are endowed with high antigens loading capacity. The microparticles enhance the uptake efficiency of antigens, protect antigens from degradation in vivo, and delay the retention time of antigens in the lymph nodes. Moreover, dendritic cells (DCs) activation is triggered by the microparticles, and simultaneously, the expression of costimulation marker on DCs and the production of Th1-related cytokines are significantly upregulated. Moreover, six kinds of tumor cells are utilized and successfully coated with the EGCG/Al(III) layer, suggesting the generalization of this strategy. More importantly, the microparticles exhibit a comparative antitumor effect with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) in B16 pulmonary metastasis model. Overall, the encapsulation strategy enabled by metal-organic coordination can be potentially useful for personalized immunotherapy customized to individual patient's tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Zuoguan Chen
- Department of Vascular SurgeryBeijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Chuangnian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Guilei Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Xiaoqing Wei
- Oral Biomedical SciencesSchool of DentistryCardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and RepairCollege of Biomedical and Life SciencesCardiff University Cardiff CF14 4XY UK
| | - Hongfan Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin 300192 China
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Complex of EGCG with Cu(II) Suppresses Amyloid Aggregation and Cu(II)-Induced Cytotoxicity of α-Synuclein. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162940. [PMID: 31416122 PMCID: PMC6719089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is a remarkable pathology for Parkinson’s disease (PD), therefore clearing it is possibly a promising strategy for treating PD. Aberrant copper (Cu(II)) homeostasis and oxidative stress play critical roles in the abnormal aggregation of α-Syn in the progress of PD. It is reported that the polyphenol (−)-epi-gallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can inhibit α-Syn fibrillation and aggregation, disaggregate α-Syn mature fibrils, as well as protect α-Syn overexpressed-PC12 cells against damage. Also, previous studies have reported that EGCG can chelate many divalent metal ions. What we investigate here is whether EGCG can interfere with the Cu(II) induced fibrillation of α-Syn and protect the cell viability. In this work, on a molecular and cellulaire basis, we demonstrated that EGCG can form a Cu(II)/EGCG complex, leading to the inhibition of Cu(II)-induced conformation transition of α-Syn from random coil to β-sheet, which is a dominant structure in α-Syn fibrils and aggregates. Moreover, we found that the mixture of Cu(II) and EGCG in a molar ratio from 0.5 to 2 can efficiently inhibit this process. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in the α-Syn transduced-PC12 cells, EGCG can inhibit the overexpression and fibrillation of α-Syn in the cells, and reduce Cu(II)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), protecting the cells against Cu(II)-mediated toxicity.
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Effect of green tea catechins on physical stability and sensory quality of lactose-reduced UHT milk during storage for one year. Int Dairy J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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39
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Inactivation of Alpha-2-Macroglobulin by Photo-Illuminated Gallic Acid. J Fluoresc 2019; 29:969-979. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-019-02410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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40
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Alhafez M, Kheder F, Aljoubbeh M. Synthesis, characterization and antioxidant activity of EGCG complexes with copper and zinc ions. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1638510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maysoon Alhafez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Fadi Kheder
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Malak Aljoubbeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
- Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
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Nagaoka SI, Nakayama N, Teramae H, Nagashima U. Correlations of computational ionization energy with experimental oxidation potential and with antioxidant efficiencies in catechins. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Xu YQ, Yu P, Zhou W. Combined effect of pH and temperature on the stability and antioxidant capacity of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in aqueous system. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Kakutani S, Watanabe H, Murayama N. Green Tea Intake and Risks for Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051165. [PMID: 31137655 PMCID: PMC6567241 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia has become a major issue that requires urgent measures. The prevention of dementia may be influenced by dietary factors. We focused on green tea and performed a systematic review of observational studies that examined the association between green tea intake and dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, or cognitive impairment. We searched for articles registered up to 23 August 2018, in the PubMed database and then for references of original articles or reviews that examined tea and cognition. Subsequently, the extracted articles were examined regarding whether they included original data assessing an association of green tea intake and dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, or cognitive impairment. Finally, we included three cohort studies and five cross-sectional studies. One cohort study and three cross-sectional studies supported the positive effects of green tea intake. One cohort study and one cross-sectional study reported partial positive effects. The remaining one cohort study and one cross-sectional study showed no significant association of green tea intake. These results seem to support the hypothesis that green tea intake might reduce the risk for dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, or cognitive impairment. Further results from well-designed and well-conducted cohort studies are required to derive robust evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Kakutani
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, Suntory World Research Center, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Souraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, Suntory World Research Center, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Souraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Norihito Murayama
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, Suntory World Research Center, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Souraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
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Pires F, Geraldo VP, Antunes A, Marletta A, Oliveira ON, Raposo M. Effect of blue light irradiation on the stability of phospholipid molecules in the presence of epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 177:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shen CL, Smith BJ, Li J, Cao JJ, Song X, Newhardt MF, Corry KA, Tomison MD, Tang L, Wang JS, Chyu MC. Effect of Long-Term Green Tea Polyphenol Supplementation on Bone Architecture, Turnover, and Mechanical Properties in Middle-Aged Ovariectomized Rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104:285-300. [PMID: 30413854 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of 6-month green tea polyphenols (GTP) supplementation on bone architecture, turnover, and mechanical properties in middle-aged ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Female rats were sham-operated (n = 39, 13/group) or OVX (n = 143, 13/group). Sham-control and OVX-control rats (n = 39) receiving no GTP were assigned for sample collection at baseline, 3, or 6 months. The remaining OVX rats (n = 104) were randomized to 0.15%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% (g/dL) GTP for 3 or 6 months. Blood and bone samples were collected. Relative to the OVX-control group, GTP (1% and 1.5%) lowered serum procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide at 3 and 6 months, C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen at 3 months, and insulin-like growth factor-I at 6 months. GTP did not affect bone mineral content and density. At 6 months, no dose of GTP positively affected trabecular bone volume based on microCT, but a higher cortical thickness and improved biomechanical properties of the femur mid-diaphysis was observed in the 1.5% GTP-treated group. At 3 and 6 months, GTP (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) had lower rates of trabecular bone formation and resorption than the OVX-control group, but the inhibitory effects of GTP on periosteal and endocortical bone mineralization and formation at the tibial midshaft were only evident at 3 months. GTP at higher doses suppressed bone turnover in the trabecular and cortical bone of OVX rats and resulted in improved cortical bone structural and biomechanical properties, although it was not effective in preventing the ovariectomy-induced dramatic cancellous bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jay J Cao
- USDA ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Maria F Newhardt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Kylie A Corry
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael D Tomison
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jia-Sheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ming-Chien Chyu
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
- Graduate Healthcare Engineering Option, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
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Wang X, Liang J, Zhang C, Ma G, Wang C, Kong D. Coordination microparticle vaccines engineered from tumor cell templates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1568-1571. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc10004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A microparticle vaccine was developed by encapsulating individual tumor cells with an EGCG–Al(iii) coordination layer, efficiently internalized via actin polymerization and clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Jiayi Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Chuangnian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Guilei Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Deling Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular Biology
- College of Life Science
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
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Stevens JF, Revel JS, Maier CS. Mitochondria-Centric Review of Polyphenol Bioactivity in Cancer Models. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1589-1611. [PMID: 29084444 PMCID: PMC6207154 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Humans are exposed daily to polyphenols in milligram-to-gram amounts through dietary consumption of fruits and vegetables. Polyphenols are also available as components of dietary supplements for improving general health. Although polyphenols are often advertised as antioxidants to explain health benefits, experimental evidence shows that their beneficial cancer preventing and controlling properties are more likely due to stimulation of pro-oxidant and proapoptotic pathways. Recent Advances: The understanding of the biological differences between cancer and normal cell, and especially the role that mitochondria play in carcinogenesis, has greatly advanced in recent years. These advances have resulted in a wealth of new information on polyphenol bioactivity in cell culture and animal models of cancer. Polyphenols appear to target oxidative phosphorylation and regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glycolysis, pro-oxidant pathways, and antioxidant (adaptive) stress responses with greater selectivity in tumorigenic cells. CRITICAL ISSUES The ability of polyphenols to dissipate the MMP (Δψm) by a protonophore mechanism has been known for more than 50 years. However, researchers focus primarily on the downstream molecular effects of Δψm dissipation and mitochondrial uncoupling. We argue that the physicochemical properties of polyphenols are responsible for their anticancer properties by virtue of their protonophoric and pro-oxidant properties rather than their specific effects on downstream molecular targets. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Polyphenol-induced dissipation of Δψm is a physicochemical process that cancer cells cannot develop resistance against by gene mutation. Therefore, polyphenols should receive more attention as agents for cotherapy with cancer drugs to gain synergistic activity. Antioxid. Redox Signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F. Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Johana S. Revel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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Zhang L, Liu Y, Hu X, Wang Y, Xu M. Binding and Precipitation of Germanium(IV) by Penta- O-galloyl-β-d-glucose. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:11000-11007. [PMID: 30284441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Complex formation and precipitation of germanium by a well-characterized hydrolyzable tannin, 1,2,3,4,6-penta- O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (PGG), was studied in this work. Two simple phenolic compounds, methyl gallate and gallic acid, were also used for comparison purposes. The influence of pH on the stoichiometry and conditional association constants (log K) of the germanium complexes was investigated. UV-visible spectroscopy showed the successive formation of GePGG and Ge2PGG at pH 6.0 and of GePGG at pH 4.0. The results of the precipitation experiments indicated that germanium precipitation was influenced by organic solvents, pH values, the germanium/PGG ratio, and the presence of zinc. Acetone had the biggest effect on the solubility of these complexes, and lower pH values favored the precipitation of the complex. The results showed that a germanium/PGG ratio of more than 3:1 was essential for precipitation. Furthermore, the presence of zinc ions in the solution decreased the precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory , Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF , Nanjing 210042 , China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory , Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF , Nanjing 210042 , China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory , Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF , Nanjing 210042 , China
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory , Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF , Nanjing 210042 , China
| | - Man Xu
- Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory , Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF , Nanjing 210042 , China
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Kirtil E, Dag D, Guner S, Unal K, Oztop MH. Dynamics of unloaded and green tea extract loaded lecithin based liposomal dispersions investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance T 2 relaxation. Food Res Int 2017; 99:807-814. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Grzesik M, Naparło K, Bartosz G, Sadowska-Bartosz I. Antioxidant properties of catechins: Comparison with other antioxidants. Food Chem 2017; 241:480-492. [PMID: 28958556 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant properties of five catechins and five other flavonoids were compared with several other natural and synthetic compounds and related to glutathione and ascorbate as key endogenous antioxidants in several in vitro tests and assays involving erythrocytes. Catechins showed the highest ABTS-scavenging capacity, the highest stoichiometry of Fe3+ reduction in the FRAP assay and belonged to the most efficient compounds in protection against SIN-1 induced oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123, AAPH-induced fluorescein bleaching and hypochlorite-induced fluorescein bleaching. Glutathione and ascorbate were less effective. (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were the most effective compounds in protection against AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis while (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin protected at lowest concentrations against hypochlorite-induced hemolysis. Catechins [(-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin gallate)] were most efficient in the inhibition of AAPH-induced oxidation of 2'7'-dichlorodihydroflurescein contained inside erythrocytes. Excellent antioxidant properties of catechins and other flavonoids make them ideal candidates for nanoformulations to be used in antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Grzesik
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszów, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Naparło
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszów, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszów, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland.
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