1
|
Barr KJ, Panuwet P, Saikawa E. The effect of farming techniques on degradation of DDT in historical cotton farms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:123961. [PMID: 38614425 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
DDT was used in the mid 20th century for crop and livestock production. After use, DDT and its degradates DDE and DDD (collectively DDX) remain in the environment for decades. A few studies have reported that the rate of degradation of DDT into its metabolites is affected by various farming techniques like tillage, irrigation, and use of fertilizers. However, most of these studies did not evaluate active farms, and none of them focused on the Southeast US or historical cotton farms. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine if different farming techniques affect the decomposition of DDT in Walton County, Georgia, where farms historically grew cotton. Five Walton County farms were sampled for soil, and churches were sampled as control sites. The extensive land history of the farms was recorded, and the soil levels of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDT, and o,p'-DDE were measured using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. All farm sites had detectable levels of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, and p,p'-DDD, while few sites had detectable levels of o,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDE. Tillage was found to speed up p,p'-DDE degradation, but there was no effect on p,p'-DDT degradation. Plowing was associated with an increase in decomposition of p,p'-DDT, but p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDD were not significantly increased. The largest difference in the degradation of DDT was based on the fertilizer type. Natural fertilizer sped up degradation of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE; synthetic fertilizer increased p,p'-DDE degradation, but not p,p'-DDT degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Barr
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Laboratory of Exposure Assessment and Development in Environmental Health Research, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Eri Saikawa
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen X, Yang S, Zhu B, Zhang M, Zheng N, Hua J, Li R, Han J, Yang L, Zhou B. Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of niclosamide on lipid metabolism and steroid hormone synthesis in adult female zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168737. [PMID: 37992841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Niclosamide (NIC) is a commonly used molluscicide that reportedly disrupts the endocrine system and may lead to lipid metabolism disorders. However, few studies have investigated the mechanism by which NIC affects the endocrine system from the perspective of lipid metabolism. Adult female zebrafish were fed either a normal-fat diet (NFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) and then exposed for 28 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of NIC. NIC accumulated most in the liver followed by the brain and then the gonads in both feeding conditions. Somatic index changes confirmed that HFD promotes fish growth, and NIC administration inhibits it. Lipid metabolites were decreased by NIC, as were levels of pregnenolone, androstenedione, estrogen, testosterone, and estradiol, suggesting that NIC impacted steroidogenesis. In addition, gene transcription changes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad-liver (HPGL) axis and altered ovarian histology strongly suggest that environmental relevant concentrations of NIC exposure may disrupt endocrine function. These findings highlighted that NIC exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations elicited endocrine-disruption effects may through impairing of steroid hormone synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shangyue Yang
- Library, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Biran Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430061, China.
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Na Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jianghuan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ruiwen Li
- Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Ecology and Environment Administration of Yangtze River Basin, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang R, Liu S, Yin N, Zhang Y, Faiola F. Tox21-Based Comparative Analyses for the Identification of Potential Toxic Effects of Environmental Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:14668-14679. [PMID: 36178254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollution has become a prominent environmental problem. In recent years, quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) assays have been developed for the fast assessment of chemicals' toxic effects. Toxicology in the 21st Century (Tox21) is a well-known and continuously developing qHTS project. Recent reports utilizing Tox21 data have mainly focused on setting up mathematical models for in vivo toxicity predictions, with less attention to intuitive qHTS data visualization. In this study, we attempted to reveal and summarize the toxic effects of environmental pollutants by analyzing and visualizing Tox21 qHTS data. Via PubMed text mining, toxicity/structure clustering, and manual classification, we detected a total of 158 chemicals of environmental concern (COECs) from the Tox21 library that we classified into 13 COEC groups based on structure and activity similarities. By visualizing these COEC groups' bioactivities, we demonstrated that COECs frequently displayed androgen and progesterone antagonistic effects, xenobiotic receptor agonistic roles, and mitochondrial toxicity. We also revealed many other potential targets of the 13 COEC groups, which were not well illustrated yet, and that current Tox21 assays may not correctly classify known teratogens. In conclusion, we provide a feasible method to intuitively understand qHTS data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, U.K
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Metcalfe CD, Bayen S, Desrosiers M, Muñoz G, Sauvé S, Yargeau V. An introduction to the sources, fate, occurrence and effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals released into the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112658. [PMID: 34990614 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many classes of compounds are known or suspected to disrupt the endocrine system of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. This review of the sources and fate of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment includes classes of compounds that are "legacy" contaminants, as well as contaminants of emerging concern. EDCs included for discussion are organochlorine compounds, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, brominated flame retardants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, alkylphenols, phthalates, bisphenol A and analogues, pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse and steroid hormones, personal care products, and organotins. An exhaustive survey of the fate of these contaminants in all environmental media (e.g., air, water, soil, biota, foods and beverages) is beyond the scope of this review, so the priority is to highlight the fate of EDCs in environmental media for which there is a clear link between exposure and endocrine effects in humans or in biota from other taxa. Where appropriate, linkages are also made between the fate of EDCs and regulatory limits such as environmental quality guidelines for water and sediments and total daily intake values for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Bayen
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M Desrosiers
- Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques du Québec. Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - G Muñoz
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S Sauvé
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - V Yargeau
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Katti PA, Goundadkar BB. Waves of follicle development, growth and degeneration in adult ovary of zebrafish (Danio rerio) on chronic exposure to environmental estrogens in laboratory. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 110:31-38. [PMID: 35331892 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patterns of quantitative production of follicles, their growth, and degeneration in the adult ovary of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in response to long-term (80 days) exposure to environmental estrogens (EE) in the laboratory, were studied. Experimentally naive female D. rerio procured from fish farm were acclimated to the laboratory (natural temperature, 26 ± 1° C, photoperiod, 11.30 L:12.30 D) for two weeks and divided into 10 groups. Each group (n = 20) was housed in a separate glass aquarium containing 10 L of conditioned water (physico-chemical parameters maintained within the permissible range prescribed for zebrafish) along with either 5 ng or 10 ng/L of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) or diethylstilbestrol (DES) or bisphenol A (BPA) or estradiol 17-β (positive control) or water with no chemical (negative control). All experimental fish were fed twice daily on commercial pellets (ad libitum) supplemented with Artemia nauplius, the exposure was semi-static and chemical residues in media samples were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Exposure of fish to estrogens increased (p < 0.05) (i) body mass and gonadosomatic indices (GSI) in E2, EE2 and DES groups (ii) previtellogenic and vitellogenic follicles in E2 and EE2 groups (iii) atretic follicles (AF) in DES and BPA groups compared to controls and (iv) decrease in total oocyte volumes (V = 4/3. π. r3) compared to those of E2 group. These results suggest that the chronic exposure of fish to EE (at environmentally relevant concentrations) has a profound influence on ovarian follicular dynamics and the effects of individual EE are discrete on the ovary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pancharatna A Katti
- Department of Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India.
| | - Basavaraj B Goundadkar
- Department of Zoology, Govindram Seksaria Science College, Belagavi 590006, Karnataka, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ho V, Pelland-St-Pierre L, Gravel S, Bouchard MF, Verner MA, Labrèche F. Endocrine disruptors: Challenges and future directions in epidemiologic research. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111969. [PMID: 34461123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Public concern about the impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on both humans and the environment is growing steadily. Epidemiologic research provides key information towards our understanding of the relationship between environmental exposures like EDCs and human health outcomes. Intended for researchers in disciplines complementary to epidemiology, this paper highlights the importance and challenges of epidemiologic research in order to present the key elements pertaining to the design and interpretation of an epidemiologic study on EDCs. The conduct of observational studies on EDCs derives from a thoughtful research question, which will help determine the subsequent methodological choices surrounding the careful selection of the study population (including the comparison group), the adequate ascertainment of exposure(s) and outcome(s) of interest, and the application of methodological and statistical concepts more specific to epidemiology. The interpretation of epidemiologic results may be arduous due to the latency occurring between EDC exposure and certain outcome(s), the complexity in capturing EDC exposure(s), and traditional methodological and statistical issues that also deserve consideration (e.g., confounding, effect modification, non-monotonic responses). Moving forward, we strongly advocate for an integrative approach of expertise in the fields of epidemiology, exposure science, risk assessment and toxicology to adequately study the health risks associated with EDCs while tackling their challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Ho
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - L Pelland-St-Pierre
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - S Gravel
- . Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M F Bouchard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M-A Verner
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - F Labrèche
- Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada; . Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang C, Wu J, Chen Q, Tan H, Huang F, Guo J, Zhang X, Yu H, Shi W. Allosteric binding on nuclear receptors: Insights on screening of non-competitive endocrine-disrupting chemicals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 159:107009. [PMID: 34883459 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can compete with endogenous hormones and bind to the orthosteric site of nuclear receptors (NRs), affecting normal endocrine system function and causing severe symptoms. Recently, a series of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been discovered to bind to the allosteric sites of NRs and induce similar effects. However, it remains unclear how diverse EDCs work in this new way. Therefore, we have systematically summarized the allosteric sites and underlying mechanisms based on existing studies, mainly regarding drugs belonging to the PPCP class. Advanced methods, classified as structural biology, biochemistry and computational simulation, together with their advantages and hurdles for allosteric site recognition and mechanism insight have also been described. Furthermore, we have highlighted two available strategies for virtual screening of numerous EDCs, relying on the structural features of allosteric sites and lead compounds, respectively. We aim to provide reliable theoretical and technical support for a broader view of various allosteric interactions between EDCs and NRs, and to drive high-throughput and accurate screening of potential EDCs with non-competitive effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinqiu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health Risk, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
RIERA JOSÉ, MATUS ERICKA, MATUS LORENA, MOLINO JAY. Toxicity of commercial atrazine in rattus novergicus organs as a function of concentration: histopathological, ultrastructural and hematological evaluation. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20201125. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - ERICKA MATUS
- Universidad Especializada de las Américas, Panama; Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Panama
| | | | - JAY MOLINO
- Universidad Especializada de las Américas, Panama; Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Panama
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu M, Peng B, Su G, Fang M. Reactive Flame Retardants: Are They Safer Replacements? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:14477-14479. [PMID: 34665601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637141
| | - Bo Peng
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637141
| | - Guanyong Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637141
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gadaleta D, d'Alessandro L, Marzo M, Benfenati E, Roncaglioni A. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Modeling of the Amplex Ultrared Assay to Predict Thyroperoxidase Inhibitory Activity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:713037. [PMID: 34456728 PMCID: PMC8387701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.713037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyroid system plays a major role in the regulation of several physiological processes. The dysregulation of the thyroid system caused by the interference of xenobiotics and contaminants may bring to pathologies like hyper- and hypothyroidism and it has been recently correlated with adverse outcomes leading to cancer, obesity, diabetes and neurodevelopmental disorders. Thyroid disruption can occur at several levels. For example, the inhibition of thyroperoxidase (TPO) enzyme, which catalyses the synthesis of thyroid hormones, may cause dysfunctions related to hypothyroidism. The inhibition of the TPO enzyme can occur as a consequence of prolonged exposure to chemical compounds, for this reason it is of utmost importance to identify alternative methods to evaluate the large amount of pollutants and other chemicals that may pose a potential hazard to the human health. In this work, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models to predict the TPO inhibitory potential of chemicals are presented. Models are developed by means of several machine learning and data selection approaches, and are based on data obtained in vitro with the Amplex UltraRed-thyroperoxidase (AUR-TPO) assay. Balancing methods and feature selection are applied during model development. Models are rigorously evaluated through internal and external validation. Based on validation results, two models based on Balanced Random Forest (BRF) and K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) algorithms were selected for a further validation phase, that leads predictive performance (BA = 0.76-0.78 on external data) that is comparable with the reported experimental variability of the AUR-TPO assay (BA ∼0.70). Finally, a consensus between the two models was proposed (BA = 0.82). Based on the predictive performance, these models can be considered suitable for toxicity screening of environmental chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Gadaleta
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca d'Alessandro
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Marzo
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roncaglioni
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hall JM, Korach KS. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and sex steroid receptors. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2021; 92:191-235. [PMID: 34452687 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sex-steroid receptors (SSRs) are essential mediators of estrogen, progestin, and androgen signaling that are critical in vast aspects of human development and multi-organ homeostasis. Dysregulation of SSR function has been implicated in numerous pathologies including cancers, obesity, Type II diabetes mellitus, neuroendocrine disorders, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, male and female infertility, and other reproductive disorders. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) modulate SSR function in a wide variety of cell and tissues. There exists strong experimental, clinical, and epidemiological evidence that engagement of EDCs with SSRs may disrupt endogenous hormone signaling leading to physiological abnormalities that may manifest in disease. In this chapter, we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which EDCs interact with estrogen, progestin, and androgen receptors and alter SSR functions in target cells. In addition, the pathological consequences of disruption of SSR action in reproductive and other organs by EDCs is described with an emphasis on underlying mechanisms of receptors dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Hall
- Quinnipiac University Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Hamden, CT, United States.
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lisco G, Giagulli VA, Iovino M, Guastamacchia E, Pergola GD, Triggiani V. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Introduction to the Theme. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:677-685. [PMID: 33847259 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210413124425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are natural or synthetic compounds deriving from different human activities and are widely spread into the environment, contributing to indoor and outdoor pollution. EDCs may be conveyed by food and water consumption and skin, airways, placental, and breastfeeding. Upon entering the circulation, they can interfere with endocrine system homeostasis by several mechanisms. AIM In this narrative review, the authors overviewed the leading mechanisms by which EDCs interact and disrupt the endocrine system, leading to possible human health concerns. RESULTS The leading mechanisms of EDCs-related toxicity have been illustrated in in vitro studies and animal models and may be summarized as follows: receptor agonism and antagonism; modulation of hormone receptor expression; interference with signal transduction in hormone-responsive cells; epigenetic modifications in hormone-producing or hormone-responsive cells; interference with hormone synthesis; interference with hormone transport across cell membranes; interference with hormone metabolism or clearance; interference with the destiny of hormone-producing or hormone-responsive cells. DISCUSSION Despite these well-defined mechanisms, some limitations do not allow for conclusive assumptions. Indeed, epidemiological and ecological studies are currently lacking and usually refer to a specific cluster of patients (occupational exposure). Methodological aspects could further complicate the issue since these studies could require a long time to provide useful information. The lack of a real unexposed group in environmental conditions, possible interference of EDCs mixture on biological results, and unpredictable dose-response curves for some EDCs should also be considered significant limitations. CONCLUSION Given these limitations, specific observational and long-term studies are needed to identify at-risk populations for adequate treatment of exposed patients and effective prevention plans against excessive exposure to EDCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lisco
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Vito Angelo Giagulli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Michele Iovino
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Edoardo Guastamacchia
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari. Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lambiase S, Serpe FP, Pilia M, Fiorito F, Iaccarino D, Gallo P, Esposito M. Polychlorinated organic pollutants (PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs) in loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles from Central-Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128226. [PMID: 33297182 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study assesses for the first time the levels of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in sea turtles coming from Tyrrhenian Sea. The concentrations measured in liver of the 24 specimens analysed were 6.90 vs 5.65 pg g-1 wet weight (ww) for PCDD/Fs and 10.95 vs 0.79 ng g-1 ww for DL-PCBs in Caretta caretta and Chelonia mydas, respectively. The DL-PCB levels resulted very higher in Caretta caretta than Chelonia mydas probably due to the different eating habits between the two species investigated. Furthermore, the highest levels of DL-PCBs were determined in livers of the adult Caretta caretta turtles of male sex. Positive correlations were found out between PCB-81 and the body mass (BM) of turtles (r2 = 0.6561; p = 0.001) and between PCB-81 and the curved carapace length (CCL) (r2 = 0.6250; p = 0.006) suggesting that the body burden of contaminants is related to the body size. The mean TEQ values, as a matter of risk assessment for turtles, were 3.64 vs 1.62 pg TEQ g-1 ww for PCDD/Fs and 8.72 vs 2.16 pg TEQ g-1 ww for DL-PCBs in Caretta caretta and Chelonia mydas, respectively. The results reported in this study increase the data available about the consequences of the Mediterranean Sea contamination by organochlorine pollutants and highlight an evident PCDD/F and PCB bioaccumulation in sea turtle tissues that threatens the survival of these marine organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lambiase
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Marisa Pilia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Filomena Fiorito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Doriana Iaccarino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Pasquale Gallo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Mauro Esposito
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu M, Jia S, Dong T, Zhao F, Xu T, Yang Q, Gong J, Fang M. Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of MCF-7 Cells Exposed to 23 Chemicals at Human-Relevant Levels: Estimation of Individual Chemical Contribution to Effects. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:127008. [PMID: 33325755 PMCID: PMC7741182 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans are constantly being exposed to various xenobiotics at relatively low concentrations. To date, limited evidence is available to ascertain whether a complex xenobiotic mixture at human-relevant levels causes any health effect. Moreover, there is no effective method to pinpoint the contribution of each chemical toward such an effect. OBJECTIVES This study aims to understand the responses of cells to a mixture containing 23 xenobiotics at human-relevant levels and develop a feasible method to decipher the chemical(s) that contribute significantly to the observed effect. METHODS We characterized the metabolome and transcriptome of breast cancer cells (MCF-7) before and after exposure to the mixture at human-relevant levels; preexposure levels were derived from existing large-scale biomonitoring data. A high-throughput metabolomics-based "leave-one-out" method was proposed to understand the relative contribution of each component by comparing the metabolome with and without the particular chemical in the mixture. RESULTS The metabolomic analysis suggested that the mixture altered metabolites associated with cell proliferation and oxidative stress. For the transcriptomes, gene ontology terms and pathways including "cell cycle," "cell proliferation," and "cell division" were significantly altered after mixture exposure. The mixture altered genes associated with pathways such as "genotoxicity" and "nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)." Through joint pathways analysis, metabolites and genes were observed to be well-aligned in pyrimidine and purine metabolisms. The leave-one-out results showed that many chemicals made their contributions to specific metabolic pathways. The overall metabolome pattern of the absence of 2,4-dihyroxybenzophenone (DHB) or bisphenol A (BPA) showed great resemblance to controls, suggesting their higher relative contribution to the observed effect. DISCUSSION The omics results showed that exposure to the mixture at human-relevant levels can induce significant in vitro cellular changes. Also, the leave one out method offers an effective approach for deconvoluting the effects of the mixture. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6641.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Shenglan Jia
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Ting Dong
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fanrong Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Tengfei Xu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Qin Yang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jicheng Gong
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu HP, Lin YS, Chang CF, Lu SY, Chao PM. Dietary Exposure to Oxidized Frying Oil from Fetus to Adulthood Suppresses Male Reproductive Development by Altering Testicular Cholesterol and Testosterone Homeostasis in Sprague Dawley Rats. J Nutr 2020; 150:1713-1721. [PMID: 32286625 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary frying oil may have endocrine-disrupting effects, as a feminization effect was observed in cohorts of C57BL/6J male mice fetuses from dams consuming oxidized frying oil (OFO) during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE The aim of present study was to test the hypothesis that OFO is an anti-androgen. METHODS In experiment 1, male progeny of Sprague Dawley female rats fed fresh oil or an OFO diet (10 g fat/100 g, from fresh or 24-h-fried soybean oil; [control diet (C) and OFO groups, respectively] from midgestation through lactation were studied. Pups were weaned at 3 wk of age and then consumed their mothers' diet until 9 wk of age. In addition, a group of dams and pups that consumed a high-fat diet (HF; 10 g fried and 20 g fresh soybean oil/100 g) was included to counteract body-weight loss associated with OFO ingestion. Indices of male reproductive development and testosterone homeostasis were measured. In experiment 2, male rats were allocated to C and OFO groups (treated as above) and indices of male fertility compared at 9-10 wk of age. RESULTS In experiment 1, final body weights of the HF group were lower (17%) than the C group but higher (14%) than the OFO group (P < 0.0001 for each). In addition to abnormalities in seminiferous tubules, HF and OFO groups did not differ from one another, but, compared with the C group, had delayed preputial separation (4.9 d) and reductions in serum testosterone concentrations (17-74%), anogenital distance (8-20%), weights of androgen-dependent tissues (8-30%), testicular testosterone and cholesterol concentrations (30-40%), and mRNA levels of genes involved in steroidogenesis and cholesterol homeostasis (30-70%). In experiment 2, OFO-exposed males had 20% lower sperm motility (P < 0.05); however, when mated to normal females, pregnancy rates and litter sizes did not differ between OFO and C groups. CONCLUSIONS The anti-androgenic effect of OFO in Sprague Dawley rats was attributed to decreased testicular concentrations of cholesterol (testosterone precursor) and not body-weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Wu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shun Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fen Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shui-Yuan Lu
- Department of Applied Toxicology, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Min Chao
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huq F, Obida M, Bornman R, Di Lenardo T, Chevrier J. Associations between prenatal exposure to DDT and DDE and allergy symptoms and diagnoses in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE), South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109366. [PMID: 32299029 PMCID: PMC7336873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) is an organochlorine insecticide that is banned internationally except for use as part of Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) programs to control malaria. Although animal studies show that DDT and its breakdown product dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (DDE) affect the immune system and may cause allergies, no studies have examined this question in populations where IRS is conducted. The aim of our study was to investigate whether prenatal exposure to DDT and DDE is associated with allergy symptoms and diagnose among South African children living in an area where IRS is conducted. To accomplish this aim, we used data from the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE), an ongoing birth cohort study of 752 children born between 2012 and 2013 in the rural Vhembe district of Limpopo, South Africa. We measured maternal peripartum serum concentrations of DDT and DDE, and administered a questionnaire to the caregivers of 658 children aged 3.5 years to collect information on allergy symptoms and diagnoses as well as potential confounders using validated instruments. Using multiple logistic regression models, we found positive associations between DDT and DDE serum concentrations and most of the allergy symptoms and diagnoses. Maternal DDT (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.5 per 10-fold increase, 95% Confidence interval, CI = 1.0, 2.3) and DDE (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.8, 2.4) serum concentrations were most strongly associated with caregiver report of wheezing or whistling in the chest. Concentrations of DDT and/or DDE were also associated with increased odds of children's chests sounding wheezy during or after exercise, itchy rashes coming and going for at least six months, diagnosis of food allergy, and diagnosis of dust or dust mites allergy but confidence intervals crossed the null. Results suggest that prenatal exposure to DDT, and possibly DDE, is associated with elevated odds of wheezing among children from an IRS area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Huq
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Muvhulawa Obida
- University of Pretoria School of Health Systems and Public Health, and Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Riana Bornman
- University of Pretoria School of Health Systems and Public Health, and Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thomas Di Lenardo
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Chevrier
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Warner GR, Mourikes VE, Neff AM, Brehm E, Flaws JA. Mechanisms of action of agrochemicals acting as endocrine disrupting chemicals. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 502:110680. [PMID: 31838026 PMCID: PMC6942667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Agrochemicals represent a significant class of endocrine disrupting chemicals that humans and animals around the world are exposed to constantly. Agrochemicals can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals through a variety of mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that several mechanisms of action involve the ability of agrochemicals to mimic the interaction of endogenous hormones with nuclear receptors such as estrogen receptors, androgen receptors, peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and thyroid hormone receptors. Further, studies indicate that agrochemicals can exert toxicity through non-nuclear receptor-mediated mechanisms of action. Such non-genomic mechanisms of action include interference with peptide, steroid, or amino acid hormone response, synthesis and degradation as well as epigenetic changes (DNA methylation and histone modifications). This review summarizes the major mechanisms of action by which agrochemicals target the endocrine system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genoa R Warner
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Vasiliki E Mourikes
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Alison M Neff
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Emily Brehm
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qiu Z, Qu K, Luan F, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Yuan Y, Li H, Zhang H, Hai Y, Zhao C. Binding specificities of estrogen receptor with perfluorinated compounds: A cross species comparison. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105284. [PMID: 31707300 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were reported to result in the endocrine disruption by activating the estrogen receptor (ER) and inducing ER-mediated transcriptions. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present work was to perform cross-species comparisons on the characteristics of eight PFCs binding to humans ERα and to rats ERα. METHODS In the present work, in vivo tests, including serum estradiol level assay and immunohistochemical staining, fluorescence assay and molecular models were applied. RESULTS Based on the in vivo experiments, the exposure of PFOA and PFOS to female rats was proved to increase the ERα expression in the terus, suggesting that PFCs may act as estrogenic compounds to activate ERα in vivo. The further fluorescence assay presented that these eight PFCs have stronger binding abilities to human ERα than to rat ERα. In addition, the differences in binding specificities between human ERα and rat ERα were identified in the process of molecular dynamics modeling with the term of helix position and the ability of coregulator recruitment. It can be found that more and stronger charge clamps could form between PFCs with human ERα than with rat ERα. Also, the eight PFCs presented lower binding energies in human ERα systems, which proved that eight PFCs presented much stronger binding abilities with human ERα. DISCUSSION In all, it can be concluded that PFCs might be more sensitive to human ERα than to that of rats, which also suggested the greater susceptibility to adverse effects on humans. The present work was a beginning assessment of a cross-species comparison, providing important information on health impacts of PFCs in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kaili Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Feng Luan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yaquan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongna Yuan
- School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ying Hai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Phale PS, Shah BA, Malhotra H. Variability in Assembly of Degradation Operons for Naphthalene and its derivative, Carbaryl, Suggests Mobilization through Horizontal Gene Transfer. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10080569. [PMID: 31357661 PMCID: PMC6723655 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the biosphere, the largest biological laboratory, increased anthropogenic activities have led microbes to evolve and adapt to the changes occurring in the environment. Compounds, specifically xenobiotics, released due to such activities persist in nature and undergo bio-magnification in the food web. Some of these compounds act as potent endocrine disrupters, mutagens or carcinogens, and therefore their removal from the environment is essential. Due to their persistence, microbial communities have evolved to metabolize them partially or completely. Diverse biochemical pathways have evolved or been assembled by exchange of genetic material (horizontal gene transfer) through various mobile genetic elements like conjugative and non-conjugative plasmids, transposons, phages and prophages, genomic islands and integrative conjugative elements. These elements provide an unlimited opportunity for genetic material to be exchanged across various genera, thus accelerating the evolution of a new xenobiotic degrading phenotype. In this article, we illustrate examples of the assembly of metabolic pathways involved in the degradation of naphthalene and its derivative, Carbaryl, which are speculated to have evolved or adapted through the above-mentioned processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant S Phale
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India.
| | - Bhavik A Shah
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
| | - Harshit Malhotra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Keller M, Vandenberg LN, Charlier TD. The parental brain and behavior: A target for endocrine disruption. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 54:100765. [PMID: 31112731 PMCID: PMC6708493 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the sequential release of progesterone, 17β-estradiol, prolactin, oxytocin and placental lactogens reorganize the female brain. Brain structures such as the medial preoptic area, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the motivation network including the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens are reorganized by this specific hormonal schedule such that the future mother will be ready to provide appropriate care for her offspring right at parturition. Any disruption to this hormone pattern, notably by exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC), is therefore likely to affect the maternal brain and result in maladaptive maternal behavior. Development effects of EDCs have been the focus of intense study, but relatively little is known about how the maternal brain and behavior are affected by EDCs. We encourage further research to better understand how the physiological hormone sequence prepares the mother's brain and how EDC exposure could disturb this reorganization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Keller
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Reproduction & des Comportements, UMR 7247 INRA/CNRS/Université de Tours/IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
| | - Thierry D Charlier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Galligan TM, Balmer BC, Schwacke LH, Bolton JL, Quigley BM, Rosel PE, Ylitalo GM, Boggs ASP. Examining the relationships between blubber steroid hormones and persistent organic pollutants in common bottlenose dolphins. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:982-991. [PMID: 31146318 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Odontocete cetaceans bioaccumulate high concentrations of endocrine disrupting persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethylene (DDE), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) - collectively DDTs - but few studies have explored DDTs-mediated endocrine disruption in cetaceans. Herein, we use remotely collected blubber biopsies from common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting a site with high localized DDTs contamination to study the relationships between DDTs exposure and steroid hormone homeostasis in cetaceans. We quantified blubber steroid hormone concentrations by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and blubber POP concentrations by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We detected six steroid hormones in blubber, including progesterone (P4), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP4), androstenedione (AE), testosterone (T), cortisol (F), and cortisone (E). Sampled dolphins (n = 62) exhibited exposure to DDT, DDE, DDD, chlordanes (CHLDs), mirex, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs). Using principal components analysis (PCA), we determined that blubber DDTs primarily loaded to the first principal component (PC1) explaining 81.6% of the total variance in POP exposure, while the remaining POPs primarily loaded to the PC2 (10.4% of variance). PC1 scores were negatively correlated with blubber T in males and blubber F in females, suggesting that exposure to DDTs impacted androgen and corticosteroid homeostasis. These conclusions were further supported by observed negative correlations between T and o,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDD, and p,p'-DDD in males sampled in the fall, and between F and the six individual DDTs and ∑6DDTs in females. Overall, these results suggest that POP-mediated endocrine disruption may have occurred in this stock of dolphins, which could negatively impact their health and fitness. However, this study relied on uncontrolled incidental exposures, making it impossible to establish a causal relationship between DDTs exposure and endocrine effects. Importantly, this study demonstrates that remotely collected blubber biopsies are a useful matrix for studying endocrine disruption in marine mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Galligan
- Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, 310 West Campus Drive, 101 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA.
| | - Brian C Balmer
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, 3419 Maybank Highway, Site B, Johns Island, SC, 29455, USA
| | - Lori H Schwacke
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, 3419 Maybank Highway, Site B, Johns Island, SC, 29455, USA
| | - Jennie L Bolton
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Brian M Quigley
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, 3419 Maybank Highway, Site B, Johns Island, SC, 29455, USA
| | - Patricia E Rosel
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 646 Cajundome Boulevard, Lafayette, LA, 70506, USA
| | - Gina M Ylitalo
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Ashley S P Boggs
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gallo A, Tosti E. Effects of ecosystem stress on reproduction and development. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1269-1272. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Gallo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine OrganismsStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale Naples Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tosti
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine OrganismsStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale Naples Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Migliaccio V, Sica R, Scudiero R, Simoniello P, Putti R, Lionetti L. Physiological Adaptation to Simultaneous Chronic Exposure to High-Fat Diet and Dichlorodipheniletylhene (DDE) in Wistar Rat Testis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050443. [PMID: 31083466 PMCID: PMC6562479 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental chemicals can be introduced by consuming contaminated foods. The environmental chemical dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a persistent metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), can affect spermatogenesis. Our study aims to evaluate, by using spectrophotometric analyses, western blot, and immunohistochemistry, the adaptive responses in testis of adult rats treated with a non-toxic dose of DDE, alone or in association with a high-fat diet (HFD). Four experimental groups were performed: N (normal diet); D (HFD); D + DDE (HFD + DDE); N + DDE (normal diet + DDE). D group showed a reduction in antioxidant capacity, and increases in lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, and proliferation associated with morphological impairment. A reduction in androgen receptor (AR) and serum testosterone levels were also found. DDE-treated groups exhibited higher lipid peroxidation levels compared to N and D, associated with pronounced defect in antioxidant capacity, apoptosis, cellular proliferation, as well as with tissue damage. Moreover, decreases in AR and serum testosterone levels were found in DDE-treated groups vs. N and D. In conclusion, HFD and DDE produced cellular stress leading to antioxidant impairment, apoptosis, and decreases in AR and serum testosterone levels associated with tissue damage. Cellular proliferation could be used as an adaptation to counterbalance the occurred damage, maintaining a pool of tubules that follow physiological maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, 80126, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Sica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, 80126, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Scudiero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, 80126, Italy.
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Naples, Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Putti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, 80126, Italy.
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lin YS, Lu SY, Wu HP, Chang CF, Chiu YT, Yang HT, Chao PM. Is frying oil a dietary source of an endocrine disruptor? Anti-estrogenic effects of polar compounds from frying oil in rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:18-27. [PMID: 30412894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate endocrine-disrupting effects of polar compounds from oxidized frying oil. Estrogenicity of polar compounds was tested with a rat uterotrophic bioassay. Dietary oxidized frying oil (containing 51% polar compounds) or polar compounds isolated from it were incorporated into feed (in lieu of fresh soybean oil) and fed to ovariectomized rats, with or without treatment with exogenous ethynyl estradiol. Exogenous estrogen restored uterine weight, and caused histological abnormalities (stratified epithelia and conglomerate glands) as well as proliferation of uterine epithelial cells. However, tamoxifen or polar compounds reduced these effects. Furthermore, tamoxifen or polar compounds down-regulated uterine mRNA expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-target genes, implicating reduced ER activity in this hypo-uterotrophic effect. Inhibition of ER signaling and mitosis by polar compounds were attributed to reduced MAPK and AKT activation, as well as a reduced ligand binding domain-transactivity of ERα/β. We concluded polar compounds from frying oil are potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals, with implications for food and environmental safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shun Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shui-Yuan Lu
- Department of Applied Toxicology, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Ping Wu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fen Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Tsung Chiu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Yang
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Min Chao
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lerro CC, Koutros S, Andreotti G, Sandler DP, Lynch CF, Louis LM, Blair A, Parks CG, Shrestha S, Lubin JH, Albert PS, Hofmann JN, Beane Freeman LE. Cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study after 20 years of follow-up. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:311-322. [PMID: 30805813 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a cohort of private pesticide applicators, their spouses, and commercial applicators, based on 12,420 cancers, adding 5,989 cancers, and 9 years of follow-up since last evaluation. METHODS We calculated age, year, sex, and race-adjusted standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer sites in the AHS relative to the general population. RESULTS Overall AHS cancer incidence was lower than the general population (SIRprivate = 0.91, CI 0.89-0.93; SIRspouse = 0.89, CI 0.86-0.92; SIRcommercial = 0.83, CI 0.76-0.92), with notable deficits across applicators and spouses for oral cavity, pancreas, and lung cancers. Cancer excesses included prostate cancer, lip cancer, certain B-cell lymphomas (e.g., multiple myeloma), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), thyroid cancer, testicular cancer, and peritoneal cancer. The lung cancer deficit was strongest among applicators reporting potential exposure to endotoxin at study enrollment (tasks such as raising animals and handling stored grain). CONCLUSIONS Although an overall deficit in cancer was observed, there were notable exceptions, including newly observed excesses for AML, thyroid, testicular, and peritoneal cancers. Furthermore, endotoxin exposure may, in part, account for observed lung cancer incidence deficits. Cancer incidence patterns in the AHS suggest farm exposures' relevance to cancer etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C Lerro
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6E116, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Stella Koutros
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6E116, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Gabriella Andreotti
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6E116, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Charles F Lynch
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, 145 N. Riverside Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Lydia M Louis
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6E116, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Aaron Blair
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6E116, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Christine G Parks
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Srishti Shrestha
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Jay H Lubin
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Paul S Albert
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6E116, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6E116, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Galligan TM, Hale MD, McCoy JA, Bermudez DS, Guillette LJ, Parrott BB. Assessing impacts of precocious steroid exposure on thyroid physiology and gene expression patterns in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 271:61-72. [PMID: 30408484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The thyroid gland is sensitive to steroid hormone signaling, and many thyroid disrupting contaminants also disrupt steroid hormone homeostasis, presenting the possibility that thyroid disruption may occur through altered steroid hormone signaling. To examine this possibility, we studied short-term and persistent impacts of embryonic sex steroid exposure on thyroid physiology in the American alligator. Alligators from a lake contaminated with endocrine disrupting contaminants (Lake Apopka, FL, USA) have been shown to display characteristics of thyroid and steroid hormone disruption. Previous studies suggest these alterations arise during development and raise the possibility that exposure to maternally deposited contaminants might underlie persistent organizational changes in both thyroidal and reproductive function. Thus, this population provides a system to investigate contaminant-mediated organizational thyroid disruption in an environmentally-relevant context. We assess the developmental expression of genetic pathways involved in thyroid hormone biosynthesis and find that expression of these genes increases prior to hatching. Further, we show that nuclear steroid hormone receptors are also expressed during this period, indicating the developing thyroid is potentially responsive to steroid hormone signaling. We then explore functional roles of steroid signaling during development on subsequent thyroid function in juvenile alligators. We exposed alligator eggs collected from both Lake Apopka and a reference site to 17β-estradiol and a non-aromatizable androgen during embryonic development, and investigated effects of exposure on hatchling morphometrics and thyroidal gene expression profiles at 5 months of age. Steroid hormone treatment did not impact the timing of hatching or hatchling size. Furthermore, treatment with steroid hormones did not result in detectable impacts on thyroid transcriptional programs, suggesting that precocious or excess estrogen and androgen exposure does not influence immediate or long-term thyroidal physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Galligan
- Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, College of Natural Resources and the Environment, Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, 101 Cheatham Hall, 310 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Matthew D Hale
- Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA; University of Georgia, Eugene P. Odum School of Ecology, 140 E. Green Street, Athens, GA 30602.
| | - Jessica A McCoy
- Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; College of Charleston, 66 George Street, Charleston, SC 29424, USA
| | - Dieldrich S Bermudez
- Mars Inc., Global Innovation Center, 1132 W. Blackhawk Street, Chicago, IL 60642, USA
| | - Louis J Guillette
- Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Benjamin B Parrott
- Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA; University of Georgia, Eugene P. Odum School of Ecology, 140 E. Green Street, Athens, GA 30602.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rietjens IMCM, Vervoort J, Maslowska-Górnicz A, Van den Brink N, Beekmann K. Use of proteomics to detect sex-related differences in effects of toxicants: implications for using proteomics in toxicology. Crit Rev Toxicol 2018; 48:666-681. [PMID: 30257127 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2018.1509941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of results obtained when using proteome analysis for detecting sex-based differences in response to toxicants. It reveals implications to be taken into account when considering the use of proteomics in toxicological studies. It appears that results may differ when studying the same chemical in the same species in different target tissues. Another result of interest is the limited dose-response behavior of differential abundance patterns observed in studies where more than one dose level is tested. It is concluded that use of proteomics to study differences in modes of action of toxic compounds is an active area of research. The examples from use of proteomics to study sex-dependent differences also reveal that further studies are needed to provide reliable insight in modes of action, novel biomarkers or even novel therapies. To eventually reach this aim for this and other toxicological endpoints, it is essential to consider background variability, consequences of timing of toxicant administration, dose-response behavior, relevant species and target organ, species and organ variability and the presence of proteoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacques Vervoort
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nico Van den Brink
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karsten Beekmann
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Steyn L, Bouwman H, Maina JN. Associations between DDT and egg parameters of the House Sparrow Passer domesticus from the Thohoyandou area of South Africa. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 198:249-256. [PMID: 29421736 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the pesticide DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and its metabolites, DDE (Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) and DDD (Dichlorobischlorophenylethane) were associated with adverse effects on multiple endpoints of the eggs of House Sparrows from the Thohoyandou area in South Africa, where DDT is used for malaria control. Eggshell thickness, pore numbers, pore shapes, and volume densities of the pores were measured to test possible adverse effects. Analysis was done using a scanning electron microscope and the concentrations of the pesticides were determined with the aid of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The highest concentrations recorded was p,p'-DDE at 0.84 μg/g wm (wet mass) in the eggs collected from Mangondi (a site last sprayed five years before sampling). Overall, the concentrations of total DDT recorded in this study were lower than reported by most other studies conducted in the same area. The association between DDT concentrations and House Sparrows eggshells were noticeable in the eggshell thicknesses, with significant differences between the eggs collected from Muledane (a site last sprayed 30 years before sampling) and Makula (a site sprayed both years of sampling) (P < 0.0022). Limited differences were found between the pore numbers and pore density of eggshells from the various sites. It may be that the limited effect on the pore numbers and volume densities of the pores are associated with low concentrations of DDT in the House Sparrow eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Steyn
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
| | - H Bouwman
- Research Unit, Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - J N Maina
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bornman M, Delport R, Farías P, Aneck-Hahn N, Patrick S, Millar RP, de Jager C. Alterations in male reproductive hormones in relation to environmental DDT exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 113:281-289. [PMID: 29373146 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
DDT [1, 1, 1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethane] compounds are used for indoor residual spraying (IRS) to control malaria mosquitoes. DDT is an endocrine disruptor chemical in experimental conditions, but little is known of adverse effects related to living conditions with continual uptake across a time span by all possible means of exposure. Based on estrogenic and/or anti-androgenic effects found in animal studies, we hypothesized that chronic DDT/DDE exposures in men may be associated with changes in male reproductive hormones. We tested this hypothesis by compared the magnitude and direction of associations between DDT and DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene) concentrations and male reproductive hormones in samples collected from IRS and non-IRS areas. We sampled a cross-section of 535 men (aged 18-40 years). Men living in IRS villages had significantly higher DDT and DDE concentrations compared with men from non-IRS villages. Men with DDT or DDE uptake (as reflected in detectable plasma concentrations) had significantly higher total-, free and bio-available testosterone (T), and lower follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations; lower luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were only evident with DDT uptake. To establish a dose-dependent effect, four sub-categories were defined. Men with the highest DDT (74-519 μg/g) and DDE (173-997 μg/g) concentrations had significantly higher total-, free and bio-available T, and lower FSH concentrations compared with subjects with non-detectable isomer concentrations. Estradiol concentrations were significantly higher in men with DDT and DDE concentrations in both the third (DDE: 27-172 μg/g; DDT: 5-73 μg/g) and fourth (DDE: 173-997 μg/g; DDT: 74-519 μg/g) categories. Men from IRS villages were significantly more likely to have higher total and bioavailable T as well as higher estradiol concentrations OR = 2.5 (95% CI 1.2, 3.2); OR 2.5 (95% CI 1.6, 4.0) and OR = 2.3 (95% CI 1.3, 4.1) compared to men from non-IRS villages, after controlling for age, BMI, personal use of pesticides, and smoking. Men living in IRS villages with life-long exposure (17.6 (±6) years) at the current residence with multiple exposure modalities incurred the highest degree of physiological imbalance over and above circulating isomer concentrations. Further studies are needed to elucidate the health implications of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bornman
- School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH), University of Pretoria, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control (UP ISMC) and MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Hormone Dependent Cancer Consortium, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Rhena Delport
- Department of Chemical Pathology and UP ISMC, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Natalie Aneck-Hahn
- Department of Urology, SHSPH and UP ISMC, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sean Patrick
- School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH), University of Pretoria, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control (UP ISMC) and MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Robert P Millar
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom; Hormone Dependent Cancer Consortium, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Christiaan de Jager
- School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH), University of Pretoria, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control (UP ISMC) and MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xu B, Li K, Qiao J, Liungai Z, Chen C, Lu Y. UV photoconversion of environmental oestrogen diethylstilbestrol and its persistence in surface water under sunlight. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 127:77-85. [PMID: 29035768 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most oestrogenic synthetic compounds in water environment, diethylstilbestrol (DES) has been studied for decades. Some studies showed that DES can be removed by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. However, no one has paid attention to the formation of oestrogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs) and the persistence of DES in surface water remains a mystery. In this study, UV was found to be very effective in removing oestrogenic activity regardless of water quality. Three oestrogenic DBPs were specifically isolated by oestrogen receptor-based affinity chromatography and identified as 9,10-diethylphenanthrene-3,6-diol, cis-DES and Z,Z-dienestrol. Among them, 9,10-diethylphenanthrene-3,6-diol was proved to have stronger oestrogenic activity than E2, but it can be further photodegraded. In addition, DES was also demonstrated to be a photochromic compound, whose UV-induced intermediates can be transformed back to DES under sunlight, which significantly slows down the photodegradation of DES. This study solves the question as to why UV-degradable DES is still detectable in the ambient water and provides a deep understanding of DES removal during UV disinfection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bi Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuixiao Li
- Research and Development Centre, Beijing Drainage Group Company Limited, Beijing 100024, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqi Liungai
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun Lu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Toxicity of marine pollutants on the ascidian oocyte physiology: an electrophysiological approach. ZYGOTE 2017; 26:14-23. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199417000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIn marine animals with external fertilization, gametes are released into seawater where fertilization and embryo development occur. Consequently, pollutants introduced into the marine environment by human activities may affect gametes and embryos. These xenobiotics can alter cell physiology with consequent reduction of fertilization success. Here the adverse effects on the reproductive processes of the marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis (ascidian) of different xenobiotics: lead, zinc, an organic tin compound and a phenylurea herbicide were evaluated. By using the electrophysiological technique of whole-cell voltage clamping, the effects of these compounds on the mature oocyte plasma membrane electrical properties and the electrical events of fertilization were tested by calculating the concentration that induced 50% normal larval formation (EC50). The results demonstrated that sodium currents in mature oocytes were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by all tested xenobiotics, with the lowest EC50 value for lead. In contrast, fertilization current frequencies were differently affected by zinc and organic tin compound. Toxicity tests on gametes demonstrated that sperm fertilizing capability and fertilization oocyte competence were not altered by xenobiotics, whereas fertilization was inhibited in zinc solution and underwent a reduction in organic tin compound solution (EC50 value of 1.7 µM). Furthermore, fertilized oocytes resulted in a low percentage of normal larvae with an EC50 value of 0.90 µM. This study shows that reproductive processes of ascidians are highly sensitive to xenobiotics suggesting that they may be considered a reliable biomarker and that ascidians are suitable model organisms to assess marine environmental quality.
Collapse
|
32
|
Bornman MS, Chevrier J, Rauch S, Crause M, Obida M, Sathyanarayana S, Barr DB, Eskenazi B. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane exposure and anogenital distance in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE) birth cohort study, South Africa. Andrology 2017; 4:608-15. [PMID: 27457477 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is used for malaria control by 10 countries, nine of which are in Africa. Technical DDT contains various isomers with 65-80% insecticidal p,p'-DDT and 15-21% o,p'-DDT, an estrogenic chemical, while the persistent metabolite of p,p'-DDT, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), is an antiandrogen. In utero antiandrogenic exposure reduces anogenital distance in animal models and the anal position index in a single study. This study examined the associations between mother's serum DDT and DDE levels at delivery and anogenital distance in their children at birth and age 1 year. Data were collected as part of the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE), a birth cohort study located in rural South Africa. DDT and DDE concentrations were measured in blood samples collected from 752 mothers at delivery. Anogenital distance measurements, taken at birth (n = 671) and age 1 year (n = 674), included anofourchette and anoclitoral distances in girls, and anoscrotal and anopenile lengths in boys. We also measured anococcygeal and coccyx-fourchette distances in girls, while in boys, we measured anococcygeal and coccyx-scrotal distances as well as penile length and penile width. The anal position index is calculated for both sexes as anoscrotal/coccyx-scrotal in boys and anofourchette/coccyx-fourchette in girls. We found no associations between p,p'-DDT/-DDE or o,p'-DDT and anogenital distance measurements at birth in either boys or girls. At 1 year, o,p'-DDE was negatively associated with anofourchette in girls (β =-1.32 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -2.27, -0.38) and positively associated with penile width in boys (β = 0.30 mm, 95% CI = 0.00, 0.60). The results do not suggest an overt antiandrogenic or estrogenic effect on anogenital distance after long-term DDT exposure. These weak associations may be due to chance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Bornman
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control (UP CSMC), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J Chevrier
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Rauch
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Crause
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control (UP CSMC), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M Obida
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria Centre for Sustainable Malaria Control (UP CSMC), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D B Barr
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - B Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chanyshev MD, Ushakov DS, Gulyaeva LF. Expression of miR-21 and its Acat1, Armcx1, and Pten target genes in liver of female rats treated with DDT and benzo[a]pyrene. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893317040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
34
|
Anwer F, Chaurasia S, Khan AA. Hormonally active agents in the environment: a state-of-the-art review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2016; 31:415-433. [PMID: 27487487 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2016-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
After the Second World War, infatuation with modern products has exponentially widened the spectrum of chemicals used. Some of them are capable of hijacking the endocrine system by blocking or imitating a hormone and are referred to as hormonally active chemicals or endocrine disruptors. These are chemicals that the body was not designed for evolutionarily and they are present in every matrix of the environment. We are living in a chemical world where the exposures are ubiquitous and take place in combinations that can interact with the endocrine system and some other metabolic activities in unexpected ways. The complexity of interaction of these compounds can be understood by the fact that they interfere with gene expression at extremely low levels, consequently harming an individual life form, its offspring or population. As the endocrine system plays a critical role in many biological or physiological functions, by interfering body's endocrine system, endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) have various adverse effects on human health, starting from birth defects to developmental disorders, deadly deseases like cancer and even immunological disorders. Most of these compounds have not been tested yet for safety and their effects cannot be assessed by the available techniques. The establishment of proper exposure measurement techniques and integrating correlation is yet to be achieved to completely understand the impacts at various levels of the endocrine axis.
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang Q, Ji C, Yan L, Lu M, Lu C, Zhao M. The identification of the metabolites of chlorothalonil in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and their embryo toxicity and endocrine effects at environmentally relevant levels. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:8-15. [PMID: 27541960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlorothalonil is a broad spectrum fungicide with high annual production and environmental contamination. Despite its high consumption, studies regarding the potential ecological risks of chlorothalonil, especially its metabolites, to aquatic organisms are still limited. In this study, we selected the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the in vivo model and first identified the metabolite (4-hydroxychlorothalonil) of chlorothalonil in zebrafish by tandem quadrupole/orthogonal-acceleration time-of-flight (Q-TOF). Then, the in vivo and in vitro models were applied to comprehensively estimate the embryo toxicity and potential endocrine effect of chlorothalonil and 4-hydroxychlorothalonil. The data from zebrafish embryo toxicity showed that the lowest observed effect concentrations of both chlorothalonil and 4-hydroxychlorothalonil were 50 μg/L after 96 h of exposure. The mortality rate of the 4-hydroxychlorothalonil was 2.6-fold higher than that of the parent compound at the concentration of 50 μg/L. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays indicated that both chlorothalonil and 4-hydroxychlorothalonil exerted estrogen receptor α (ERα) agonist activity with REC20 values of 2.4 × 10-8 M and 3.6 × 10-8 M, respectively. However, only 4-hydroxychlorothalonil exhibited both thyroid receptor β (TRβ) agonistic and antagonistic activities. Lastly, we employed molecular docking to predict the binding affinity of chlorothalonil and 4-hydroxychlorothalonil with ERα or TRβ. The results revealed that the potential endocrine effect of chlorothalonil and 4-hydroxychlorothaloni might be attributed to the different binding affinities with the receptors. In conclusion, our studies revealed that 4-hydroxychlorothalonil exhibited potent endocrine-disrupting effects compared to its parent compound, chlorothalonil. The results provided here remind us that the assessment of the potential ecological and health risks of the metabolites of fungicides in addition to their parent compounds should arouse great concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chenyang Ji
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Lu Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Meiya Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chensheng Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Room G3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Johnston TK, Perkins E, Ferguson DC, Cropek DM. Tissue explant coculture model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver axis of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) as a predictive tool for endocrine disruption. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:2530-2541. [PMID: 26931821 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) can impact the reproductive system by interfering with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Although in vitro testing methods have been developed to screen chemicals for endocrine disruption, extrapolation of in vitro responses to in vivo action shows inconsistent accuracy. The authors describe a tissue coculture of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) HPG axis and liver (HPG-L) as a tissue explant model that mimics in vivo results. Brain (hypothalamus), pituitary, gonad, and liver tissue explants from adult fish were examined for function both individually and in coculture to determine combinations and conditions that could replicate in vivo behavior. Only cocultures had the ability to respond to an EDC, trenbolone, similarly to in vivo studies, based on estradiol, testosterone, and vitellogenin production trends, where lower exposure doses suppressed hormone production but higher doses increased production, resulting in distinctive U-shaped curves. These data suggest that a coculture system with all components of the HPG-L axis can be used as a link between in vitro and in vivo studies to predict endocrine system disruption in whole organisms. This tissue-based HPG-L system acts as a flexible deconstructed version of the in vivo system for better control and examination of the minute changes in system operation and response on EDC exposure with options to isolate, interrogate, and recombine desired components. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2530-2541. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa K Johnston
- US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Illinois
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Edward Perkins
- US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Duncan C Ferguson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Donald M Cropek
- US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Illinois.
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ming-Ch'eng Adams CI, Baker JE, Kjellerup BV. Toxicological effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on freshwater turtles in the United States. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 154:148-154. [PMID: 27043381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Prediction of vertebrate health effects originating from persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has remained a challenge for decades thus making the identification of bioindicators difficult. POPs are predominantly present in soil and sediment, where they adhere to particles due to their hydrophobic characteristics. Animals inhabiting soil and sediment can be exposed to PCBs via dermal exposure while others may obtain PCBs through contaminated trophic interaction. Freshwater turtles can serve as bioindicators due to their strong site fidelity, longevity and varied diet. Previous research observed the health effects of PCBs on turtles such as decreased bone mass, changed sexual development and decreased immune responses through studying both contaminated sites along with laboratory experimentation. Higher deformity rates in juveniles, increased mortality and slower growth have also been observed. Toxicological effects of PCBs vary between species of freshwater turtles and depend on the concertation and configuration of PCB congeners. Evaluation of ecotoxicological effects of PCBs in non-endangered turtles could provide important knowledge about the health effects of endangered turtle species thus inform the design of remediation strategies. In this review, the PCB presence in freshwater turtle habitats and the ecotoxicological effects were investigated with the aim of utilizing the health status to identify areas of focus for freshwater turtle conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Isabel Ming-Ch'eng Adams
- Iowa State University, 353 Bessey Hall, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Ames, IA 50011-1020, USA
| | - Joel E Baker
- University of Washington Tacoma, The Center for Urban Waters, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, WA 98402-3100, USA
| | - Birthe V Kjellerup
- University of Maryland at College Park, A. James Clark School of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Thompson PA, Khatami M, Baglole CJ, Sun J, Harris SA, Moon EY, Al-Mulla F, Al-Temaimi R, Brown DG, Colacci A, Mondello C, Raju J, Ryan EP, Woodrick J, Scovassi AI, Singh N, Vaccari M, Roy R, Forte S, Memeo L, Salem HK, Amedei A, Hamid RA, Lowe L, Guarnieri T, Bisson WH. Environmental immune disruptors, inflammation and cancer risk. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S232-53. [PMID: 26106141 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An emerging area in environmental toxicology is the role that chemicals and chemical mixtures have on the cells of the human immune system. This is an important area of research that has been most widely pursued in relation to autoimmune diseases and allergy/asthma as opposed to cancer causation. This is despite the well-recognized role that innate and adaptive immunity play as essential factors in tumorigenesis. Here, we review the role that the innate immune cells of inflammatory responses play in tumorigenesis. Focus is placed on the molecules and pathways that have been mechanistically linked with tumor-associated inflammation. Within the context of chemically induced disturbances in immune function as co-factors in carcinogenesis, the evidence linking environmental toxicant exposures with perturbation in the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses is reviewed. Reported effects of bisphenol A, atrazine, phthalates and other common toxicants on molecular and cellular targets involved in tumor-associated inflammation (e.g. cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin E2, nuclear factor kappa B, nitric oxide synthesis, cytokines and chemokines) are presented as example chemically mediated target molecule perturbations relevant to cancer. Commentary on areas of additional research including the need for innovation and integration of systems biology approaches to the study of environmental exposures and cancer causation are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Medical School, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA, Inflammation and Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI) (Retired), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H2X 2P2, Canada, Department of Biochemistry, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA, Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2L3, Canada, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of South Korea, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy, The Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA, Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra, Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Getting to Know Cancer, Room 229A, 36 Arthur St, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1X5, Canada Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi, 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy Center for Appl
| | - Mahin Khatami
- Inflammation and Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI) (Retired), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H2X 2P2, Canada
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Shelley A Harris
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2L3, Canada
| | - Eun-Yi Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of South Korea
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | | | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Annamaria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Mondello
- The Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- The Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Molecular Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Roslida A Hamid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra, Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Room 229A, 36 Arthur St, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1X5, Canada
| | - Tiziana Guarnieri
- Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi, 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 9, 40126 Bologna, Italy, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Viale Medaglie d' Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy and
| | - William H Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Addressing the Impact of Environmental Xenobiotics in Coal-Fired Flue Gas. SUSTAINABILITY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/su7032678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
40
|
Parsley LM, Wapstra E, Jones SM. Atrazine disrupts gonadal development in a live-bearing lizard. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/23273747.2015.1006071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Parsley
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Tasmania; Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Erik Wapstra
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Tasmania; Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Susan M Jones
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Tasmania; Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cartier C, Muckle G, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL, Dewailly É, Ayotte P, Chevrier C, Saint-Amour D. Prenatal and 5-year p,p′-DDE exposures are associated with altered sensory processing in school-aged children in Nunavik: A visual evoked potential study. Neurotoxicology 2014; 44:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
42
|
Jarošová B, Erseková A, Hilscherová K, Loos R, Gawlik BM, Giesy JP, Bláha L. Europe-wide survey of estrogenicity in wastewater treatment plant effluents: the need for the effect-based monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:10970-82. [PMID: 24870285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A pan-European monitoring campaign of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents was conducted to obtain a concise picture on a broad range of pollutants including estrogenic compounds. Snapshot samples from 75 WWTP effluents were collected and analysed for concentrations of 150 polar organic and 20 inorganic compounds as well as estrogenicity using the MVLN reporter gene assay. The effect-based assessment determined estrogenicity in 27 of 75 samples tested with the concentrations ranging from 0.53 to 17.9 ng/L of 17-beta-estradiol equivalents (EEQ). Approximately one third of municipal WWTP effluents contained EEQ greater than 0.5 ng/L EEQ, which confirmed the importance of cities as the major contamination source. Beside municipal WWTPs, some treated industrial wastewaters also exhibited detectable EEQ, indicating the importance to investigate phytoestrogens released from plant processing factories. No steroid estrogens were detected in any of the samples by instrumental methods above their limits of quantification of 10 ng/L, and none of the other analysed classes of chemicals showed correlation with detected EEQs. The study demonstrates the need of effect-based monitoring to assess certain classes of contaminants such as estrogens, which are known to occur at low concentrations being of serious toxicological concern for aquatic biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Jarošová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Matsuda R, Bi C, Anguizola J, Sobansky M, Rodriguez E, Vargas Badilla J, Zheng X, Hage B, Hage DS. Studies of metabolite-protein interactions: a review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 966:48-58. [PMID: 24321277 PMCID: PMC4032809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study of metabolomics can provide valuable information about biochemical pathways and processes at the molecular level. There have been many reports that have examined the structure, identity and concentrations of metabolites in biological systems. However, the binding of metabolites with proteins is also of growing interest. This review examines past reports that have looked at the binding of various types of metabolites with proteins. An overview of the techniques that have been used to characterize and study metabolite-protein binding is first provided. This is followed by examples of studies that have investigated the binding of hormones, fatty acids, drugs or other xenobiotics, and their metabolites with transport proteins and receptors. These examples include reports that have considered the structure of the resulting solute-protein complexes, the nature of the binding sites, the strength of these interactions, the variations in these interactions with solute structure, and the kinetics of these reactions. The possible effects of metabolic diseases on these processes, including the impact of alterations in the structure and function of proteins, are also considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Matsuda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Cong Bi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Jeanethe Anguizola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Matthew Sobansky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Elliott Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - John Vargas Badilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Xiwei Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Benjamin Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Antagonistic effects of a mixture of low-dose nonylphenol and di-n-butyl phthalate (monobutyl phthalate) on the Sertoli cells and serum reproductive hormones in prepubertal male rats in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93425. [PMID: 24676355 PMCID: PMC3968147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogenic chemical nonylphenol (NP) and the antiandrogenic agent di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) are regarded as widespread environmental endocrine disruptors (EDCs) which at high doses in some species of laboratory animals, such as mice and rats, have adverse effects on male reproduction and development. Given the ubiquitous coexistence of various classes of EDCs in the environment, their combined effects warrant clarification. In this study, we attempted to determine the mixture effects of NP and DBP on the testicular Sertoli cells and reproductive endocrine hormones in serum in male rats based on quantitative data analysis by a mathematical model. In the in vitro experiment, monobutyl phthalate (MBP), the active metabolite of DBP, was used instead of DBP. Sertoli cells were isolated from 9-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats followed by treatment with NP and MBP, singly or combined. Cell viability, apoptosis, necrosis, membrane integrity and inhibin-B concentration were tested. In the in vivo experiment, rats were gavaged on postnatal days 23-35 with a single or combined NP and DBP treatment. Serum reproductive hormone levels were recorded. Next, Bliss Independence model was employed to analyze the quantitative data obtained from the in vitro and in vivo investigation. Antagonism was identified as the mixture effects of NP and DBP (MBP). In this study, we demonstrate the potential of Bliss Independence model for the prediction of interactions between estrogenic and antiandrogenic agents.
Collapse
|
45
|
Freire C, Koifman RJ, Sarcinelli PN, Rosa ACS, Clapauch R, Koifman S. Association between serum levels of organochlorine pesticides and sex hormones in adults living in a heavily contaminated area in Brazil. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2014; 217:370-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
46
|
Detection of persistent organic pollutants binding modes with androgen receptor ligand binding domain by docking and molecular dynamics. BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2013; 13:16. [PMID: 24053684 PMCID: PMC3848780 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6807-13-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are persistent in the environment after release from industrial compounds, combustion productions or pesticides. The exposure of POPs has been related to various reproductive disturbances, such as reduced semen quality, testicular cancer, and imbalanced sex ratio. Among POPs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4’-DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are the most widespread and well-studied compounds. Recent studies have revealed that 4,4’-DDE is an antagonist of androgen receptor (AR). However, the mechanism of the inhibition remains elusive. CB-153 is the most common congener of PCBs, while the action of CB-153 on AR is still under debate. Results Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) approaches have been employed to study binding modes and inhibition mechanism of 4,4’-DDE and CB-153 against AR ligand binding domain (LBD). Several potential binding sites have been detected and analyzed. One possible binding site is the same binding site of AR natural ligand androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Another one is on the ligand-dependent transcriptional activation function (AF2) region, which is crucial for the co-activators recruitment. Besides, a novel possible binding site was observed for POPs with low binding free energy with the receptor. Detailed interactions between ligands and the receptor have been represented. The disrupting mechanism of POPs against AR has also been discussed. Conclusions POPs disrupt the function of AR through binding to three possible biding sites on AR/LBD. One of them shares the same binding site of natural ligand of AR. Another one is on AF2 region. The third one is in a cleft near N-terminal of the receptor. Significantly, values of binding free energy of POPs with AR/LBD are comparable to that of natural ligand androgen DHT.
Collapse
|
47
|
Gallo A, Tosti E. Adverse effect of antifouling compounds on the reproductive mechanisms of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:3554-68. [PMID: 24065165 PMCID: PMC3806468 DOI: 10.3390/md11093554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilization and embryo development that occur in sea water are sensitive to xenobiotics from anthropogenic sources. In this work, we evaluated the influence of two antifouling biocides, tributyltin (TBT) and diuron, on the reproductive mechanisms of the marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis. By using electrophysiological techniques, we examined the impact of these compounds on the electrical properties of the mature oocytes and of events occurring at fertilization. With different toxicity assays, we studied the effect of the two biocides on the gametes by evaluating fertilization rate and embryo development. Results show that sodium (Na⁺) currents were significantly reduced by either of the two biocides, whereas conductance was significantly increased. The fertilization current frequency and amplitude, fertilization rate and larval development were affected only by TBT. This study suggests that: (i) the two biocides affect either the electrical properties of the oocyte plasma membrane and the reproductive success representing a risk factor for the survival of the species exposed to environmental pollution; (ii) the ascidian Ciona intestinalis may represent a good model organism to test toxicity of marine pollutants. Possible mechanisms of action of the two biocides are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabetta Tosti
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Evolution, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sadakane K, Ichinose T, Takano H, Yanagisawa R, Koike E, Inoue KI. The alkylphenols 4-nonylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol and 4-tert-butylphenol aggravate atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:893-902. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Sadakane
- Department of Health Sciences; Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences; Megusuno Oita City Oita Japan
| | - Takamichi Ichinose
- Department of Health Sciences; Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences; Megusuno Oita City Oita Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Department of Environmental Engineering; Kyoto University Graduate School of Engineering; Nishikyo-ku Kyoto Japan
| | - Rie Yanagisawa
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute for Environmental Studies; Tsukuba City Ibaraki Japan
| | - Eiko Koike
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute for Environmental Studies; Tsukuba City Ibaraki Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Inoue
- Center for Medical Science; International University of Health and Welfare; Otawara Tochigi Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fish processing wastes for microbial enzyme production: a review. 3 Biotech 2013; 3:255-265. [PMID: 28324586 PMCID: PMC3723863 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-012-0099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fishery processing industries generate large amounts of by-products. The disposal of these wastes represents an increasing environmental and health problem. To avoid wasting these by-products, various disposal methods have been applied including, ensilation, fermentation, hydrolysate and fish oil production. Interestingly, fish by-products provide an excellent nutrient source for microbial growth useful in enzyme production process, which is largely governed by the cost related to the growth media. Fish wastes (heads, viscera, chitinous material, wastewater, etc.) were prepared and tested as growth substrates for microbial enzymes production such as protease, lipase, chitinolytic and ligninolytic enzymes. This new approach described in this review can reduce environmental problems associated with waste disposal and, simultaneously, lower the cost of microbial enzyme production.
Collapse
|
50
|
Xi Y, Li D, San W. Exposure to the endocrine disruptor nonylphenol alters structure and function of thyroid gland in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 185:52-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|