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van Melis LVJ, Peerdeman AM, Huiberts EHW, van Kleef RGDM, de Groot A, Westerink RHS. Effects of acute insecticide exposure on neuronal activity in vitro in rat cortical cultures. Neurotoxicology 2024; 102:58-67. [PMID: 38599286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides, such as carbamates, organophosphates, organochlorines and pyrethroids, has been linked to various health problems, including neurotoxicity. Although most in vivo studies use only male rodents, some studies have shown in vivo sex-specific effects after acute exposure. Since in vivo studies are costly and require a large number of animals, in vitro assays that take sex-specific effects into account are urgently needed. We therefore assessed the acute effects of exposure to different carbamates (methomyl, aldicarb and carbaryl), organophosphates (chlorpyrifos (CPF), chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO) and 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol), organochlorines (endosulfan, dieldrin and lindane) and pyrethroids (permethrin, alpha-cypermethrin and 3-phenoxy-benzoic acid (3-PBA)) on neuronal network function in sex-separated rat primary cortical cultures using micro-electrode array (MEA) recordings. Our results indicate that exposure to the carbamate carbaryl and the organophosphates CPF and CPO decreased neuronal activity, with CPO being the most potent. Notably, (network) burst patterns differed between CPF and CPO, with CPO inducing fewer, but more intense (network) bursts. Exposure to low micromolar levels of endosulfan induced a hyperexcitation, most likely due to the antagonistic effects on GABA receptors. Interestingly, females were more sensitive to endosulfan than males. Exposure to dieldrin and lindane also increased neuronal activity, albeit less than endosulfan and without sex-specific effects. Exposure to type I pyrethroid permethrin increased neuronal activity, while exposure to type II pyrethroid alpha-cypermethrin strongly decreased neuronal activity. The increase seen after permethrin exposure was more pronounced in males than in females. Together, these results show that acute exposure to different classes of pesticides exerts differential effects on neuronal activity. Moreover, it shows that MEA recordings are suited to detect sex-specific neurotoxic effects in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart V J van Melis
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, TD, Utrecht NL-3508, the Netherlands
| | - Anneloes M Peerdeman
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, TD, Utrecht NL-3508, the Netherlands
| | - Eva H W Huiberts
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, TD, Utrecht NL-3508, the Netherlands
| | - Regina G D M van Kleef
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, TD, Utrecht NL-3508, the Netherlands
| | - Aart de Groot
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, TD, Utrecht NL-3508, the Netherlands
| | - Remco H S Westerink
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, TD, Utrecht NL-3508, the Netherlands..
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Andrew PM, Feng W, Calsbeek JJ, Antrobus SP, Cherednychenko GA, MacMahon JA, Bernardino PN, Liu X, Harvey DJ, Lein PJ, Pessah IN. The α4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Is Necessary for the Initiation of Organophosphate-Induced Neuronal Hyperexcitability. TOXICS 2024; 12:263. [PMID: 38668486 PMCID: PMC11054284 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Acute intoxication with organophosphorus (OP) cholinesterase inhibitors can produce seizures that rapidly progress to life-threatening status epilepticus. Significant research effort has been focused on investigating the involvement of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) in OP-induced seizure activity. In contrast, there has been far less attention on nicotinic AChRs (nAChRs) in this context. Here, we address this data gap using a combination of in vitro and in vivo models. Pharmacological antagonism and genetic deletion of α4, but not α7, nAChR subunits prevented or significantly attenuated OP-induced electrical spike activity in acute hippocampal slices and seizure activity in mice, indicating that α4 nAChR activation is necessary for neuronal hyperexcitability triggered by acute OP exposures. These findings not only suggest that therapeutic strategies for inhibiting the α4 nAChR subunit warrant further investigation as prophylactic and immediate treatments for acute OP-induced seizures, but also provide mechanistic insight into the role of the nicotinic cholinergic system in seizure generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Andrew
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Jonas J. Calsbeek
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Shane P. Antrobus
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Gennady A. Cherednychenko
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Jeremy A. MacMahon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Pedro N. Bernardino
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiuzhen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Danielle J. Harvey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Pamela J. Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
| | - Isaac N. Pessah
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.M.A.); (W.F.); (J.J.C.); (S.P.A.); (G.A.C.); (J.A.M.); (P.N.B.); (X.L.)
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Pan C, Liu J, Gao Y, Yang M, Hu H, Liu C, Qian M, Yuan HY, Yang S, Zheng MH, Wang L. Hepatocyte CHRNA4 mediates the MASH-promotive effects of immune cell-produced acetylcholine and smoking exposure in mice and humans. Cell Metab 2023; 35:2231-2249.e7. [PMID: 38056431 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a leading risk factor for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we report that CHRNA4, a subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), is an accelerator of MASH progression. CHRNA4 also mediates the MASH-promotive effects induced by smoking. Chrna4 was expressed specifically in hepatocytes and exhibited increased levels in mice and patients with MASH. Elevated CHRNA4 levels were positively correlated with MASH severity. We further revealed that during MASH development, acetylcholine released from immune cells or nicotine derived from smoking functioned as an agonist to activate hepatocyte-intrinsic CHRNA4, inducing calcium influx and activation of inflammatory signaling. The communication between immune cells and hepatocytes via the acetylcholine-CHRNA4 axis led to the production of a variety of cytokines, eliciting inflammation in liver and promoting the pathogenesis of MASH. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of CHRNA4 protected mice from diet-induced MASH. Targeting CHRNA4 might be a promising strategy for MASH therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyue Pan
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Yingsheng Gao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Maohui Yang
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Minyi Qian
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 211198, China
| | - Hai-Yang Yuan
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015, China.
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Lirui Wang
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Kim DS, Pessah IN, Santana CM, Purnell BS, Li R, Buchanan GF, Rumbeiha WK. Investigations into hydrogen sulfide-induced suppression of neuronal activity in vivo and calcium dysregulation in vitro. Toxicol Sci 2023; 192:kfad022. [PMID: 36882182 PMCID: PMC10109532 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute exposure to high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) leads to sudden death and, if survived, lingering neurological disorders. Clinical signs include seizures, loss of consciousness, and dyspnea. The proximate mechanisms underlying H2S-induced acute toxicity and death have not been clearly elucidated. We investigated electrocerebral, cardiac and respiratory activity during H2S exposure using electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (EKG) and plethysmography. H2S suppressed electrocerebral activity and disrupted breathing. Cardiac activity was comparatively less affected. To test whether Ca2+ dysregulation contributes to H2S-induced EEG suppression, we developed an in vitro real-time rapid throughput assay measuring patterns of spontaneous synchronized Ca2+ oscillations in cultured primary cortical neuronal networks loaded with the indicator Fluo-4 using the fluorescent imaging plate reader (FLIPR-Tetra®). Sulfide >5 ppm dysregulated synchronous calcium oscillation (SCO) patterns in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibitors of NMDA and AMPA receptors magnified H2S-induced SCO suppression. Inhibitors of L-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels and transient receptor potential channels prevented H2S-induced SCO suppression. Inhibitors of T-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels, ryanodine receptors, and sodium channels had no measurable influence on H2S-induced SCO suppression. Exposures to > 5 ppm sulfide also suppressed neuronal electrical activity in primary cortical neurons measured by multi-electrode array (MEA), an effect alleviated by pretreatment with the nonselective transient receptor potential channel inhibitor, 2-APB. 2-APB also reduced primary cortical neuronal cell death from sulfide exposure. These results improve our understanding of the role of different Ca2+ channels in acute H2S-induced neurotoxicity and identify transient receptor potential channel modulators as novel structures with potential therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Isaac N Pessah
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Cristina M Santana
- VDPAM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- MRIGlobal, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
| | - Benton S Purnell
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246, USA
- Department of Nerosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246, USA
| | - Gordon F Buchanan
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246, USA
| | - Wilson K Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Wang HL, Li R, Zhao M, Wang ZY, Tang H, Cao ZY, Zheng GL, Zhang W. A Drimane Meroterpenoid Borate as a Synchronous Ca + Oscillation Inhibitor from the Coral-Associated Fungus Alternaria sp. ZH-15. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:429-433. [PMID: 36729068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Territrem F (1), a drimane meroterpenoid bearing a unique borate ring system, was isolated together with its diol precursor territrem B (2) from the fungus Alternaria sp. ZH-15 associated with the soft coral Lobophytum crassum collected in the South China Sea. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and an X-ray single-crystal diffraction study, representing a new type of boron-containing natural product. Both compounds significantly inhibited spontaneous synchronous Ca2+ oscillations (SCOs) and epileptic discharges induced by 4-aminopyridine, showing the potential for antiepileptic drug research. The 5,9-boronic ester derivative of 2 did not change its SCO inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Liang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Li
- School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng-Yiyi Wang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Zhong-Yang Road, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Liang Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kong-Jiang Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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Hutton SJ, Siddiqui S, Pedersen EI, Markgraf CY, Segarra A, Hladik ML, Connon RE, Brander SM. Comparative behavioral ecotoxicology of Inland Silverside larvae exposed to pyrethroids across a salinity gradient. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159398. [PMID: 36257430 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids, a class of commonly used insecticides, are frequently detected in aquatic environments, including estuaries. The influence that salinity has on organism physiology and the partitioning of hydrophobic chemicals, such as pyrethroids, has driven interest in how toxicity changes in saltwater compared to freshwater. Early life exposures in fish to pyrethroids cause toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations, which can alter behavior. Behavior is a highly sensitive endpoint that influences overall organism fitness and can be used to detect toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of aquatic pollutants. Inland Silversides (Menidia beryllina), a commonly used euryhaline model fish species, were exposed from 5 days post fertilization (~1-day pre-hatch) for 96 h to six pyrethroids: bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, esfenvalerate and permethrin. Exposures were conducted at three salinities relevant to brackish, estuarine habitat (0.5, 2, and 6 PSU) and across 3 concentrations, either 0.1, 1, 10, and/or 100 ng/L, plus a control. After exposure, Inland Silversides underwent a behavioral assay in which larval fish were subjected to a dark and light cycle stimuli to determine behavioral toxicity. Assessment of total distanced moved and thigmotaxis (wall hugging), used to measure hyper/hypoactivity and anxiety like behavior, respectively, demonstrate that even at the lowest concentration of 0.1 ng/L pyrethroids can induce behavioral changes at all salinities. We found that toxicity decreased as salinity increased for all pyrethroids except permethrin. Additionally, we found evidence to suggest that the relationship between log KOW and thigmotaxis is altered between the lower and highest salinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Hutton
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.
| | - Samreen Siddiqui
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, United States of America
| | - Emily I Pedersen
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, United States of America
| | - Christopher Y Markgraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America
| | - Amelie Segarra
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Michelle L Hladik
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, Sacramento, CA 95819, United States of America
| | - Richard E Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Susanne M Brander
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, United States of America
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Xi C, Yang Z, Yu Y, Li S, He J, El-Aziz TMA, Zhao F, Cao Z. Influence of perinatal deltamethrin exposure at distinct developmental stages on motor activity, learning and memory. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113460. [PMID: 35378399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal exposure to deltamethrin (DM) causes attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder-like behaviors. However, the vulnerable time window to DM exposure and the possible mechanism are obscure. We aimed to identify the critical window(s) at perinatal stages for DM exposure and the possible mechanism. METHOD Pregnant mice were exposed to DM (0.5 mg/kg) at three different prenatal stages [gestational day (GD) 0-5, 6-15 and 16-birth (16-B)] and early postnatal stage (PD 0-10). Locomotor activity, learning and memory were evaluated using open field and Y-maze test, respectively. Nissl staining and western blots were used to examine the neuronal loss and the protein expression, respectively. RESULTS Perinatal exposures to DM had no effect on reproductive and growth index of offspring. However, mice receiving DM exposure during GD 16-B displayed significantly higher mortality suggesting GD 16-B is the most vulnerable time window to DM exposure. Prenatal but not early postnatal DM exposure impaired locomotor activity, learning and memory, and caused neuron loss in the dentate gyrus of male offspring. However, neither prenatal nor postnatal DM exposure affected mouse behavior of female offspring. Prenatal DM exposures decreased the protein levels of NR2A and NR2B in both hippocampi and cerebral cortices of male offspring. However, female mice receiving DM exposure at GD 16-B but not other stages displayed increased expression levels of NR2A and NR2B in hippocampi. CONCLUSION Prenatal but not early postnatal DM exposure impairs the neuron development in male but not female mice. Altered NMDA receptor expression may correlate to DM-induced behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Xi
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
| | - Yiyi Yu
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
| | - Shaoheng Li
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
| | - Jing He
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
| | - Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China.
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Li T, Xi C, Yu Y, Wang N, Wang X, Iwasaki A, Fang F, Ding L, Li S, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Wang T, Yan X, He S, Cao Z, Naman CB. Targeted Discovery of Amantamide B, an Ion Channel Modulating Nonapeptide from a South China Sea Oscillatoria Cyanobacterium. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:493-500. [PMID: 34986303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Amantamide B (1) is a new linear nonapeptide analogue of the cyanobacterial natural product amantamide A (2), and both have methyl ester and butanamide termini. These compounds were discovered in this study from the organic extract of a tropical marine filamentous cyanobacterium, Oscillatoria sp., collected around the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea. The use of LC-MS/MS molecular networking for sample prioritization and as an analytical dereplication tool facilitated the targeted isolation of 1 and 2. These molecules were characterized by spectroscopy and spectrometry, and configurational assignments were determined using chemical degradation and chiral-phase HPLC analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 modulated spontaneous calcium oscillations without notable cytotoxicity at 10 μM in short duration in vitro testing on primary cultured neocortical neurons, a model system that evaluates neuronal excitability and/or the potential activity on Ca2+ signaling. Both molecules were also found to be moderately cytotoxic in longer duration bioassays, with in vitro IC50 values of 1-10 μM against CCRF-CEM human T lymphoblastoid cells and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells. These formerly undiscovered bioactivities of known compound 2 expand upon its previously reported function as a selective CXCR7 agonist among 168 GPCR targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Li
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuchu Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Arihiro Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Fang Fang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijian Ding
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - C Benjamin Naman
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
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Hu T, Ma Y, Qiao K, Jiang Y, Li S, Gui W, Zhu G. Estrogen receptor: A potential linker of estrogenic and dopaminergic pathways in zebrafish larvae following deltamethrin exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149938. [PMID: 34525687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DM), a type II pyrethroid insecticide, is widely used to control agricultural pests. However, its excessive use exerts a detrimental effect on the ecological environment and human health, indicating the need to study its potential risks in detail. In the present study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to varying concentrations of DM (0.1, 1, 10, and 25 μg/L) for 96 h to assess the alterations in the transcript levels of proteins of the estrogenic and dopaminergic pathways. In addition, its effect on zebrafish locomotor activity was studied. The mRNA expression of cyp19a1b, erα, erβ2, fshr, gnrh2, gnrhr3, vtg3, dat, and dr1 significantly changed after exposing the embryos to DM. Deltamethrin at 10 and 25 μg/L significantly reduced the average swimming speed of zebrafish larvae. In addition, embryos injected with zebrafish estrogen receptor α (erα) and β (erβ) morpholinos and co-exposed to 25 μg/L DM for 96 h showed reduced expression of vtg3 mRNA compared to embryos exposed to 25 μg/L DM only. The locomotor activity of erα and erβ knockdown zebrafish following DM exposure was increased significantly when compared with that of larvae exposed to 25 μg/L DM only. Our results demonstrated that DM altered the locomotor activity of zebrafish larvae and the transcript levels of the components of estrogenic and dopaminergic pathways; erα and erβ knockdown weakened these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Hu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Institute of Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shuying Li
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wenjun Gui
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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Zheng J, Antrobus S, Feng W, Purdy TN, Moore BS, Pessah IN. Marine and Anthropogenic Bromopyrroles Alter Cellular Ca 2+ Dynamics of Murine Cortical Neuronal Networks by Targeting the Ryanodine Receptor and Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16023-16033. [PMID: 34788016 PMCID: PMC8813095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Bromopyrroles (BrPyr) are synthesized naturally by marine sponge symbionts and produced anthropogenically as byproducts of wastewater treatment. BrPyr interact with ryanodine receptors (RYRs) and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). Influences of BrPyr on the neuronal network activity remain uncharted. BrPyr analogues with differing spectra of RYR/SERCA activities were tested using RYR-null or RYR1-expressing HEK293 and murine cortical neuronal/glial cocultures (NGCs) loaded with Fluo-4 to elucidate their mechanisms altering Ca2+ dynamics. The NGC electrical spike activity (ESA) was measured from NGCs plated on multielectrode arrays. Nanomolar tetrabromopyrrole (TBP, 1) potentiated caffeine-triggered Ca2+ release independent of extracellular [Ca2+] in RYR1-HEK293, whereas higher concentrations produce slow and sustained rise in cytoplasmic [Ca2+] independent of RYR1 expression. TBP, 2,3,5-tribromopyrrole (2), pyrrole (3), 2,3,4-tribromopyrrole (4), and ethyl 4-bromopyrrole-2-carboxylate (5) added acutely to NGC showed differential potency; rank order TBP (IC50 ≈ 220 nM) > 2 ≫ 5, whereas 3 and 4 were inactive at 10 μM. TBP >2 μM elicited sustained elevation of cytoplasmic [Ca2+] and loss of neuronal viability. TBP did not alter network ESA. BrPyr from marine and anthropogenic sources are ecological signaling molecules and emerging anthropogenic pollutants of concern to environmental and human health that potently alter ER Ca2+ dynamics and warrant further investigation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Shane Antrobus
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Trevor N Purdy
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, United States
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, United States
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, United States
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, United States
| | - Isaac N Pessah
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Li J, Bi H. The effect and mechanism of cypermethrin-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity as determined by network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9279-9289. [PMID: 34714723 PMCID: PMC8810029 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CMN) is a widely used artificial synthetic pesticide that causes neurotoxicity in the hippocampus. However, the underlying toxicological targets and mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, network pharmacology analysis and in vitro models were integrated to investigate the effect and mechanism of CMN-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity. A total of 88 targets of CMN-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity were predicted. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment (KEGG) analyses suggested that these targets were related to multiple GO terms and signaling pathways. To further investigate underlying mechanism, the top 10 hub targets (Akt1, Tnf, Ptgs2, Casp3, Igf1, Sirt1, Jun, Cat, Il10, and Bcl2l1) were screened. Furthermore, cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays demonstrated that CMN was toxic to HT22 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining revealed that treatment with CMN increased the proportion of apoptotic cells. In addition, the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results indicated that CMN altered the mRNA expression levels of most of the hub targets, with the exceptions of Igf1 and Jun. The results demonstrated that multiple targets and signaling pathways were involved in CMN-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity. These findings provided reference values for subsequent studies of the toxicological mechanism of CMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Li
- KeyLaboratory of Environment and Health, College of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haoran Bi
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Wang Y, Li H, Xue C, Chen H, Xue Y, Zhao F, Zhu MX, Cao Z. TRPV3 enhances skin keratinocyte proliferation through EGFR-dependent signaling pathways. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 37:313-330. [PMID: 32535744 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09536-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) is highly expressed in skin keratinocytes where it forms Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels to regulate various cutaneous functions. TRPV3 expression is upregulated in many skin disorders. Here, we examined how TRPV3 affects keratinocyte proliferation and investigated the underlying mechanism. Topical application of TRPV3 agonist, carvacrol, increased skin thickness in wild type (WT) mice but not in TRPV3 knockout (KO) mice. Carvacrol promoted proliferation of human keratinocytes HaCaT cells at concentrations ≤ 100 μM, but at 300 μM, it decreased cell viability, suggesting a nonmonotonic proliferative effect. Suppression of TRPV3 expression abolished carvacrol-induced cell proliferation while overexpression of TRPV3 enhanced HaCaT cell proliferation. Carvacrol also stimulated Ca2+ influx and proliferation of primary keratinocytes prepared from WT but not TRPV3 KO mice, suggesting that carvacrol-stimulated cell proliferation was dependent on TRPV3-mediated Ca2+ influx. Mechanistic investigation demonstrated that carvacrol stimulated TGFα release and increased phosphorylation levels of EGFR, PI3K, and NF-κB, effects abolished by suppression of TRPV3 expression and CaMKII inhibition. Moreover, inhibition of CaMKII, EGFR, PI3K, or NF-κB diminished carvacrol-induced cell proliferation. We conclude that while strong activation of TRPV3 may cause cell death, moderate activation of TRPV3 promotes cell proliferation in keratinocytes through Ca2+/CaMKII→TGFα/EGFR→PI3K→NF-κB signaling. Graphical abstract Headlights 1. Carvacrol induces epidermal hyperplasia and keratinocyte proliferation. 2. TRPV3 mediates carvacrol-induced epidermal hyperplasia and keratinocyte proliferation. 3. TRPV3 acts through Ca2+/CaMKII→TGFα/EGFR→PI3K→NF-κB signaling to promote keratinocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanning Xue
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
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Ravula AR, Yenugu S. Effect of oral administration of a mixture of pyrethroids at doses relevant to human exposure on the general and male reproductive physiology in the rat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111714. [PMID: 33396045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the effects of unintentional intake of pyrethroid pesticides that are akin to actual human exposure settings are very rare. Such an exposure is primarily by consuming the food products as routine diet that contain residual levels of pyrethroids. In this study, rats were orally administered for 15 months with a mixture of pyrethroids at a dose that is one-fifth (high dose; HD) or one-twenty fifth (low dose; LD) of the residual levels commonly present in the average amount of rice and vegetables consumed by Indian population. Lipid profile, kidney and liver function were assessed. Lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, antioxidant enzyme activities and histopathological changes were analyzed in the liver, lung, kidney, pancreas, testes, caput, cauda and prostate. The effect on the male reproductive system as a function of sperm count, enzyme activity of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD and the expression profile of genes involved in spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, genetic reprogramming and apoptosis of male gametes were evaluated. Significant increase in the relative organ weight, perturbations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid profile and liver function were observed in both LD and HD groups. Damage to the anatomical architecture was evident in all the tissues due to pyrethroid toxicity. Exposure to LD and HD of pyrethroid mixture resulted in decreased sperm count, activities of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD, impaired capacitation and acrosome reaction and perturbations in the expression of genes that govern male gamete production. Results of our study indicate that exposure to pyrethroids for longer durations even at doses that are far below the residual levels present in the food consumed will result in severe damage to general physiological processes as well as reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandha Rao Ravula
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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BmK NSPK, a Potent Potassium Channel Inhibitor from Scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch, Promotes Neurite Outgrowth via NGF/TrkA Signaling Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13010033. [PMID: 33466524 PMCID: PMC7824859 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Scorpion toxins represent a variety of tools to explore molecular mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways of many biological functions. These toxins are also promising lead compounds for developing treatments for many neurological diseases. In the current study, we purified a new scorpion toxin designated as BmK NSPK (Buthus martensii Karsch neurite-stimulating peptide targeting Kv channels) from the BmK venom. The primary structure was determined using Edman degradation. BmK NSPK directly inhibited outward K+ current without affecting sodium channel activities, depolarized membrane, and increased spontaneous calcium oscillation in spinal cord neurons (SCNs) at low nanomolar concentrations. BmK NSPK produced a nonmonotonic increase on the neurite extension that peaked at ~10 nM. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that BmK NSPK increased the release of nerve growth factor (NGF). The tyrosine kinases A (TrkA) receptor inhibitor, GW 441756, eliminated the BmK NSPK-induced neurite outgrowth. BmK NSPK also increased phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (Akt) that is the downstream regulator of TrkA receptors. These data demonstrate that BmK NSPK is a new voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel inhibitor that augments neurite extension via NGF/TrkA signaling pathway. Kv channels may represent molecular targets to modulate SCN development and regeneration and to develop the treatments for spinal cord injury.
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Liu J, Xi CC, He J, Fan QJ, Zhou GZ, Zhang CL, Cao ZY. New phenylpropanoid-substituted and benzyl-substituted flavonols from Alangium chinense. Fitoterapia 2021; 148:104792. [PMID: 33276012 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two previously undescribed flavonols with phenylpropanoid or benzyl substitution, named alangsine A (1), and alangsine B (2), together with four known compounds (3-6) were isolated from the leaves of Alangium chinense. Alangsine A was a racemic mixture, which was further separated into two enantiomers via high-performance liquid chromatography on a chiral column. The absolute configurations of the enantiomer pairs were deduced from the circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The activity of the isolated compounds towards neuronal excitability was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Chu Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Jing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Zhong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zheng-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines & Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People's Republic of China.
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Liu X, Gao Q, Feng Z, Tang Y, Zhao X, Chen D, Feng X. Protective Effects of Spermidine and Melatonin on Deltamethrin-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Neurotoxicity in Zebrafish. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 21:29-41. [PMID: 32651933 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increased application of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin has adverse effects on the cardiac system and neurobehavior on the non-target organisms, which has raised the public's attention. Because of spermidine and melatonin considered to have cardioprotective and neuroprotective characteristics, zebrafish were utilized as the model organism to explore the protective effects of spermidine and melatonin against deltamethrin-induced toxicity. We tested the neurobehavior of zebrafish larvae through a rest/wake behavior assay, and evaluated the levels of the expression of Scn5lab, gata4, nkx2.5, hcrt, hcrtr, and aanat2 by qRT-PCR. Besides that cmlc2 was evaluated by whole-mount in situ hybridization. Results have shown that compared with control group, 0.025 mg/L deltamethrin could significantly disturb the cardiac development, downregulating the expression of Scn5lab and transcriptional factors gata4 and nkx2.5, disturbing cardiac looping, resulting in defects in cardiac morphology and function. Moreover, deltamethrin could alter the expression levels of rest/wake genes and cause hyperactivity in zebrafish larvae. Besides, compared with deltamethrin group, the exogenous 0.01 mg/L spermidine and 0.232 mg/L melatonin could significantly rescue the adverse effects of deltamethrin on the cardiac system and neurobehavior in zebrafish. This indicated that spermidine and melatonin have neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects against deltamethrin-induced adverse effects in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zeyang Feng
- The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information Systems, College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaqiu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information Systems, College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dongyan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xizeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Zhang CL, Huang QL, Zhu Q, Chen J, Zhang F, Cao ZY. New phthalideisoquinoline hemiacetal alkaloid derivatives from Corydalis decumbens. Fitoterapia 2020; 144:104494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Zhang CL, Huang QL, Zhu Q, He J, Chen J, Zhang F, Cao ZY. Alkaloids from Corydalis decumbens modulate neuronal excitability. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zou X, Wang Y, Yu Y, He J, Zhao F, Xi C, Zhang C, Cao Z. BmK NSP, a new sodium channel activator from Buthus martensii Karsch, promotes neurite outgrowth in primary cultured spinal cord neurons. Toxicon 2020; 182:13-20. [PMID: 32353571 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Scorpion venom is a rich source of bioactive compounds that affect neuronal excitability by modulating the activities of various channels/receptors. In the current study, guided by a Ca2+ mobilization assay, we purified a new neuroactive peptide designated as BmK NSP (Buthus martensii Karsch neurite-stimulating peptide, MW: 7064.30 Da). The primary structure of BmK NSP was determined by Edman degradation. BmK NSP concentration-dependently elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) with an EC50 value of 4.18 μM in primary cultured spinal cord neurons (SCNs). Depletion of extracellular Ca2+ abolished BmK NSP-triggered Ca2+ response. Moreover, we demonstrated that BmK NSP-induced Ca2+ response was partially suppressed by the inhibitors of L-type Ca2+ channels, Na+-Ca2+ exchangers and NMDA receptors and was abolished by voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) blocker, tetrodotoxin. Whole-cell patch clamp recording demonstrated that BmK NSP delayed VGSC inactivation (EC50 = 1.10 μM) in SCNs. BmK NSP enhanced neurite outgrowth in a non-monotonic manner that peaked at ~30 nM in SCNs. BmK NSP-promoted neurite outgrowth was suppressed by the inhibitors of L-type Ca2+ channels, NMDA receptors, and VGSCs. Considered together, these data demonstrate that BmK NSP is a new α-scorpion toxin that enhances neurite outgrowth through main routes of Ca2+ influx. Modulation of VGSC activity by α-scorpion toxin might represent a novel strategy to regulate the neurogenesis in SCNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zou
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Yiyi Yu
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Chuchu Xi
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Supervision & Inspection Center of Green & Degradable Materials, Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, No. 3 E. Jialingjiang Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210019, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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