1
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Cuchot P, Bonnet T, Dehorter O, Henry PY, Teplitsky C. How interacting anthropogenic pressures alter the plasticity of breeding time in two common songbirds. J Anim Ecol 2024. [PMID: 38790091 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Phenological adjustment is the first line of adaptive response of vertebrates when seasonality is disrupted by climate change. The prevailing response is to reproduce earlier in warmer springs, but habitat changes, such as forest degradation, are expected to affect phenological plasticity, for example, due to loss of reliability of environmental cues used by organisms to time reproduction. Relying on a two-decade, country-level capture-based monitoring of common songbirds' reproduction, we investigated how habitat anthropization, here characterized by the rural-urban and forest-farmland gradients, affected the average phenology and plasticity to local temperature in two common species, the great tit Parus major and the blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus. We built a hierarchical model that simultaneously estimated fledging phenology and its response to spring temperatures based on the changes in the proportion of juveniles captured over the breeding season. Both species fledge earlier in warmer sites (blue tit: 2.94 days/°C, great tit: 3.83 days/°C), in warmer springs (blue tit: 2.49 days/°C, great tit: 2.75 days/°C) and in most urbanized habitats (4 days for blue tit and 2 days for great tit). The slope of the reaction norm of fledging phenology to spring temperature varied across sites in both species, but this variation was explained by habitat anthropization only in the deciduous forest specialist, the blue tit. In this species, the responses to spring temperature were shallower in agricultural landscapes and slightly steeper in more urban areas. Habitat anthropization did not explain variation in the slope of the reaction norm in the habitat-generalist species (great tit), for which mean fledgling phenology and plasticity were correlated (i.e., steeper response in later sites). The effects of habitat change on phenological reaction norms provide another way through which combined environmental degradations may threaten populations' persistence, to an extent depending on species and on the changes in their prey phenology and abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Cuchot
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Timothée Bonnet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372, Université de la Rochelle-CNRS, Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Olivier Dehorter
- Centre de Recherches sur la Biologie des Populations d'Oiseaux (CRBPO), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO UMR 7204), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Henry
- Centre de Recherches sur la Biologie des Populations d'Oiseaux (CRBPO), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO UMR 7204), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Mécanismes adaptatifs et évolution (MECADEV UMR 7179), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Brunoy, France
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2
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Tyler NJC, Post E, Hazlerigg DG. Weak coupling between energetic status and the timing of reproduction in an Arctic ungulate. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6352. [PMID: 38491083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56550-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioenergetic constraints are the ultimate determinant of the timing of reproduction, and seasonal breeding is consequently a widely observed trait. Consistent with this, attention has focused on plasticity in reproductive phenology conceptualized as a response to concomitant advances in the phenology of the environmental energy supply caused by climate change. Few studies, however, have directly compared timing of reproduction with energetic status in free-living wild animals. Here we demonstrate that neither body mass nor adiposity are strong proximate predictors of date of conception in wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Weak coupling between energetic status and the phenology of reproduction accounts for the increasing discrepancy between the phenology of forage (energy supply) and the phenology of reproduction (energy demand) observed across the last 2-4 decades in two populations of this species. The results emphasise that phenological plasticity is not a passive response to changes in energy supply but derives from the way in which environmental factors interact with the core control mechanisms that govern timing. Central in this respect is integration, within the rheostatic centres of the hypothalamus, of information on nutritional status with the circannual life-history calendar.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J C Tyler
- Centre for Saami Studies, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - E Post
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - D G Hazlerigg
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
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3
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Moiron M, Teplitsky C, Haest B, Charmantier A, Bouwhuis S. Micro-evolutionary response of spring migration timing in a wild seabird. Evol Lett 2024; 8:8-17. [PMID: 38370547 PMCID: PMC10872114 DOI: 10.1093/evlett/qrad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of rapid climate change, phenological advance is a key adaptation for which evidence is accumulating across taxa. Among vertebrates, phenotypic plasticity is known to underlie most of this phenological change, while evidence for micro-evolution is very limited and challenging to obtain. In this study, we quantified phenotypic and genetic trends in timing of spring migration using 8,032 dates of arrival at the breeding grounds obtained from observations on 1,715 individual common terns (Sterna hirundo) monitored across 27 years, and tested whether these trends were consistent with predictions of a micro-evolutionary response to selection. We observed a strong phenotypic advance of 9.3 days in arrival date, of which c. 5% was accounted for by an advance in breeding values. The Breeder's equation and Robertson's Secondary Theorem of Selection predicted qualitatively similar evolutionary responses to selection, and these theoretical predictions were largely consistent with our estimated genetic pattern. Overall, our study provides rare evidence for micro-evolution underlying (part of) an adaptive response to climate change in the wild, and illustrates how a combination of adaptive micro-evolution and phenotypic plasticity facilitated a shift towards earlier spring migration in this free-living population of common terns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moiron
- Life-history Biology Department, Institute of Avian Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Birgen Haest
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandra Bouwhuis
- Life-history Biology Department, Institute of Avian Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
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4
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Benoit L, Morellet N, Bonnot NC, Cargnelutti B, Chaval Y, Gaillard JM, Loison A, Lourtet B, Marchand P, Coulon A, Hewison AJM. Reproductive tactics, birth timing and the risk-resource trade-off in an income breeder. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20230948. [PMID: 37876188 PMCID: PMC10598439 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In variable environments, habitats that are rich in resources often carry a higher risk of predation. As a result, natural selection should favour individuals that balance allocation of time to foraging versus avoiding predation through an optimal decision-making process that maximizes fitness. The behavioural trade-off between resource acquisition and risk avoidance is expected to be particularly acute during gestation and lactation, when the energetic demands of reproduction peak. Here, we investigated how reproductive female roe deer adjust their foraging activity and habitat use during the birth period to manage this trade-off compared with non-reproductive juveniles, and how parturition date constrains individual tactics of risk-resource management. Activity of reproductive females more than doubled immediately following parturition, when energy demand is highest. Furthermore, compared with non-reproductive juveniles, they increased their exposure to risk by using open habitat more during daytime and ranging closer to roads. However, these post-partum modifications in behaviour were particularly pronounced in late-parturient females who adopted a more risk-prone tactic, presumably to compensate for the growth handicap of their late-born offspring. In income breeders, individuals that give birth late may be constrained to trade risk avoidance for foraging during peak allocation to reproduction, with probable consequences for individual fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Benoit
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Nicolas Morellet
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Nadège C Bonnot
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- INRAE, EFNO, 45290 Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France
| | - Bruno Cargnelutti
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Yannick Chaval
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Jean-Michel Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR 5558, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Loison
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Lourtet
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Office Français de la Biodiversité, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique, Service Anthropisation et Fonctionnement des Ecosystèmes Terrestres, 147 avenue de Lodève, Les Portes du Soleil, 34990 Juvignac, France
| | - Aurélie Coulon
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CP 135, 57 rue Cuvier 75005 Paris, France
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - A J Mark Hewison
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
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5
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Oosthuizen WC, Pistorius PA, Bester MN, Altwegg R, de Bruyn PJN. Reproductive phenology is a repeatable, heritable trait linked to the timing of other life-history events in a migratory marine predator. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231170. [PMID: 37464761 PMCID: PMC10354465 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-level shifts in reproductive phenology in response to environmental change are common, but whether individual-level responses are modified by demographic and genetic factors remains less well understood. We used mixed models to quantify how reproductive timing varied across 1772 female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) breeding at Marion Island in the Southern Ocean (1989-2019), and to identify the factors that correlate with phenological shifts within and between individuals. We found strong support for covariation in the timing of breeding arrival dates and the timing of the preceding moult. Breeding arrival dates were more repeatable at the individual level, as compared with the population level, even after accounting for individual traits (wean date as a pup, age and breeding experience) associated with phenological variability. Mother-daughter similarities in breeding phenology were also evident, indicating that additive genetic effects may contribute to between-individual variation in breeding phenology. Over 30 years, elephant seal phenology did not change towards earlier or later dates, and we found no correlation between annual fluctuations in phenology and indices of environmental variation. Our results show how maternal genetic (or non-genetic) effects, individual traits and linkages between cyclical life-history events can drive within- and between-individual variation in reproductive phenology.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Oosthuizen
- Centre for Statistics in Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
- Marine Apex Predator Research Unit, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research and Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - P A Pistorius
- Marine Apex Predator Research Unit, Institute for Coastal and Marine Research and Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - M N Bester
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - R Altwegg
- Centre for Statistics in Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - P J N de Bruyn
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
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6
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Bestion E, San-Jose LM, Di Gesu L, Richard M, Sinervo B, Côte J, Calvez O, Guillaume O, Cote J. Plastic responses to warmer climates: a semi-natural experiment on lizard populations. Evolution 2023; 77:1634-1646. [PMID: 37098894 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Facing warming environments, species can exhibit plastic or microevolutionary changes in their thermal physiology to adapt to novel climates. Here, using semi-natural mesocosms, we experimentally investigated over two successive years whether a 2°C-warmer climate produces selective and inter- and intragenerational plastic changes in the thermal traits (preferred temperature and dorsal coloration) of the lizard Zootoca vivipara. In a warmer climate, the dorsal darkness, dorsal contrast, and preferred temperature of adults plastically decreased and covariances between these traits were disrupted. While selection gradients were overall weak, selection gradients for darkness were slightly different between climates and in the opposite direction to plastic changes. Contrary to adults, male juveniles were darker in warmer climates either through plasticity or selection and this effect was strengthened by intergenerational plasticity when juveniles' mothers also experienced warmer climates. While the plastic changes in adult thermal traits alleviate the immediate overheating costs of warming, its opposite direction to selective gradients and to juveniles' phenotypic responses may slow down evolutionary shifts toward phenotypes that are better adapted to future climates. Our study demonstrates the importance of considering inter- and intragenerational plasticity along with selective processes to better understand adaptation and population dynamics in light of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvire Bestion
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UAR 2029, Moulis, France
| | - Luis M San-Jose
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Di Gesu
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174, Toulouse, France
| | - Murielle Richard
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UAR 2029, Moulis, France
| | - Barry Sinervo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Coastal Biology Building, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Côte
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UAR 2029, Moulis, France
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, UAR 2029, Moulis, France
| | - Julien Cote
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD; UMR5174, Toulouse, France
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7
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Laforge MP, Webber QMR, Vander Wal E. Plasticity and repeatability in spring migration and parturition dates with implications for annual reproductive success. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:1042-1054. [PMID: 36871141 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
In seasonal environments, animals should be adapted to match important life-history traits to when environmental conditions are optimal. Most animal populations therefore reproduce when resource abundance is highest to increase annual reproductive success. When facing variable, and changing, environments animals can display behavioural plasticity to acclimate to changing conditions. Behaviours can further be repeatable. For example, timing of behaviours and life history traits such as timing of reproduction may indicate phenotypic variation. Such variation may buffer animal populations against the consequences of variation and change. Our goal was to quantify plasticity and repeatability in migration and parturition timing in response to timing of snowmelt and green-up in a migratory herbivore (caribou, Rangifer tarandus, n = 132 ID-years) and their effect on reproductive success. We used behavioural reaction norms to quantify repeatability in timing of migration and timing of parturition in caribou and their plasticity to timing of spring events, while also quantifying phenotypic covariance between behavioural and life-history traits. Timing of migration for individual caribou was positively correlated with timing of snowmelt. The timing of parturition for individual caribou varied as a function of inter-annual variation in timing of snowmelt and green-up. Repeatability for migration timing was moderate, but low for timing of parturition. Plasticity did not affect reproductive success. We also did not detect any evidence of phenotypic covariance among any traits examined-timing of migration was not correlated with timing of parturition, and neither was there a correlation in the plasticity of these traits. Repeatability in migration timing suggests the possibility that the timing of migration in migratory herbivores could evolve if the repeatability detected in this study has a genetic or otherwise heritable basis, but observed plasticity may obviate the need for an evolutionary response. Our results also suggest that observed shifts in caribou parturition timing are due to plasticity as opposed to an evolutionary response to changing conditions. While this provides some evidence that populations may be buffered from the consequences of climate change via plasticity, a lack of repeatability in parturition timing could impede adaptation as warming increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel P Laforge
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Quinn M R Webber
- Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Vander Wal
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.,Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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8
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Sheldon BC, Kruuk LEB, Alberts SC. The expanding value of long-term studies of individuals in the wild. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1799-1801. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Pemberton JM, Kruuk LE, Clutton-Brock T. The Unusual Value of Long-Term Studies of Individuals: The Example of the Isle of Rum Red Deer Project. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012722-024041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Long-term studies of individuals enable incisive investigations of questions across ecology and evolution. Here, we illustrate this claim by reference to our long-term study of red deer on the Isle of Rum, Scotland. This project has established many of the characteristics of social organization, selection, and population ecology typical of large, polygynous, seasonally breeding mammals, with wider implications for our understanding of sexual selection and the evolution of sex differences, as well as for their population dynamics and population management. As molecular genetic techniques have developed, the project has pivoted to investigate evolutionary genetic questions, also breaking new ground in this field. With ongoing advances in genomics and statistical approaches and the development of increasingly sophisticated ways to assay new phenotypic traits, the questions that long-term studies such as the red deer study can answer become both broader and ever more sophisticated. They also offer powerful means of understanding the effects of ongoing climate change on wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine M. Pemberton
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Loeske E.B. Kruuk
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Clutton-Brock
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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10
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Gauzere J, Pemberton JM, Kruuk LEB, Morris A, Morris S, Walling CA. Maternal effects do not resolve the paradox of stasis in birth weight in a wild red deer populaton. Evolution 2022; 76:2605-2617. [PMID: 36111977 PMCID: PMC9828841 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In natural populations, quantitative traits seldom show short-term evolution at the rate predicted by evolutionary models. Resolving this "paradox of stasis" is a key goal in evolutionary biology, as it directly challenges our capacity to predict evolutionary change. One particularly promising hypothesis to explain the lack of evolutionary responses in a key offspring trait, body weight, is that positive selection on juveniles is counterbalanced by selection against maternal investment in offspring growth, given that reproduction is costly for the mothers. Here, we used data from one of the longest individual-based studies of a wild mammal population to test this hypothesis. We first showed that despite positive directional selection on birth weight, and heritable variation for this trait, no genetic change has been observed for birth weight over the past 47 years in the study population. Contrarily to our expectation, we found no evidence of selection against maternal investment in birth weight-if anything, selection favors mothers that produce large calves. Accordingly, we show that genetic change in birth weight over the study period is actually lower than that predicted from models including selection on maternal performance; ultimately our analysis here only deepens rather than resolves the paradox of stasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gauzere
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FLUK
| | - Josephine M. Pemberton
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FLUK
| | - Loeske E. B. Kruuk
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FLUK,Research School of BiologyThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 0200Australia
| | - Alison Morris
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FLUK
| | - Sean Morris
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FLUK
| | - Craig A. Walling
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FLUK
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11
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Long-term temporal trends in gastrointestinal parasite infection in wild Soay sheep. Parasitology 2022; 149:1749-1759. [PMID: 36052517 PMCID: PMC10090761 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022001263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the prevalence and abundance of parasites over time is important for addressing their potential impact on host life histories, immunological profiles and their influence as a selective force. Only long-term ecological studies have the potential to shed light on both the temporal trends in infection prevalence and abundance and the drivers of such trends, because of their ability to dissect drivers that may be confounded over shorter time scales. Despite this, only a relatively small number of such studies exist. Here, we analysed changes in the prevalence and abundance of gastrointestinal parasites in the wild Soay sheep population of St. Kilda across 31 years. The host population density (PD) has increased across the study, and PD is known to increase parasite transmission, but we found that PD and year explained temporal variation in parasite prevalence and abundance independently. Prevalence of both strongyle nematodes and coccidian microparasites increased during the study, and this effect varied between lambs, yearlings and adults. Meanwhile, abundance of strongyles was more strongly linked to host PD than to temporal (yearly) dynamics, while abundance of coccidia showed a strong temporal trend without any influence of PD. Strikingly, coccidian abundance increased 3-fold across the course of the study in lambs, while increases in yearlings and adults were negligible. Our decades-long, intensive, individual-based study will enable the role of environmental change and selection pressures in driving these dynamics to be determined, potentially providing unparalleled insight into the drivers of temporal variation in parasite dynamics in the wild.
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12
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Runge J, König B, Lindholm AK, Bendesky A. Parent-offspring inference in inbred populations. Mol Ecol Resour 2022; 22:2981-2993. [PMID: 35770342 PMCID: PMC9796703 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Genealogical relationships are fundamental components of genetic studies. However, it is often challenging to infer correct and complete pedigrees even when genome-wide information is available. For example, inbreeding can obscure genetic differences between individuals, making it difficult to even distinguish first-degree relatives such as parent-offspring from full siblings. Similarly, genotyping errors can interfere with the detection of genetic similarity between parents and their offspring. Inbreeding is common in natural, domesticated, and experimental populations and genotyping of these populations often has more errors than in human data sets, so efficient methods for building pedigrees under these conditions are necessary. Here, we present a new method for parent-offspring inference in inbred pedigrees called specific parent-offspring relationship estimation (spore). spore is vastly superior to existing pedigree-inference methods at detecting parent-offspring relationships, in particular when inbreeding is high or in the presence of genotyping errors, or both. spore therefore fills an important void in the arsenal of pedigree inference tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan‐Niklas Runge
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior InstituteColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Barbara König
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Anna K. Lindholm
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Andres Bendesky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior InstituteColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
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13
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Aubry LM, Williams CT. Vertebrate Phenological Plasticity: from Molecular Mechanisms to Ecological and Evolutionary Implications. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:958-971. [PMID: 35867980 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal variation in the availability of essential resources is one of the most important drivers of natural selection on the phasing and duration of annually recurring life-cycle events. Shifts in seasonal timing are among the most commonly reported responses to climate change and the capacity of organisms to adjust their timing, either through phenotypic plasticity or evolution, is a critical component of resilience. Despite growing interest in documenting and forecasting the impacts of climate change on phenology, our ability to predict how individuals, populations, and species might alter their seasonal timing in response to their changing environments is constrained by limited knowledge regarding the cues animals use to adjust timing, the endogenous genetic and molecular mechanisms that transduce cues into neural and endocrine signals, and the inherent capacity of animals to alter their timing and phasing within annual cycles. Further, the fitness consequences of phenological responses are often due to biotic interactions within and across trophic levels, rather than being simple outcomes of responses to changes in the abiotic environment. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the mechanisms that control seasonal timing in vertebrates, as well as the ecological and evolutionary consequences of individual, population, and species-level variation in phenological responsiveness. Understanding the causes and consequences of climate-driven phenological shifts requires combining ecological, evolutionary, and mechanistic approaches at individual, populational, and community scales. Thus, to make progress in forecasting phenological responses and demographic consequences, we need to further develop interdisciplinary networks focused on climate change science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise M Aubry
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, 1474 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Cory T Williams
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 1878 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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14
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Bonnet T, Morrissey MB, de Villemereuil P, Alberts SC, Arcese P, Bailey LD, Boutin S, Brekke P, Brent LJN, Camenisch G, Charmantier A, Clutton-Brock TH, Cockburn A, Coltman DW, Courtiol A, Davidian E, Evans SR, Ewen JG, Festa-Bianchet M, de Franceschi C, Gustafsson L, Höner OP, Houslay TM, Keller LF, Manser M, McAdam AG, McLean E, Nietlisbach P, Osmond HL, Pemberton JM, Postma E, Reid JM, Rutschmann A, Santure AW, Sheldon BC, Slate J, Teplitsky C, Visser ME, Wachter B, Kruuk LEB. Genetic variance in fitness indicates rapid contemporary adaptive evolution in wild animals. Science 2022; 376:1012-1016. [PMID: 35617403 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The rate of adaptive evolution, the contribution of selection to genetic changes that increase mean fitness, is determined by the additive genetic variance in individual relative fitness. To date, there are few robust estimates of this parameter for natural populations, and it is therefore unclear whether adaptive evolution can play a meaningful role in short-term population dynamics. We developed and applied quantitative genetic methods to long-term datasets from 19 wild bird and mammal populations and found that, while estimates vary between populations, additive genetic variance in relative fitness is often substantial and, on average, twice that of previous estimates. We show that these rates of contemporary adaptive evolution can affect population dynamics and hence that natural selection has the potential to partly mitigate effects of current environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Bonnet
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Pierre de Villemereuil
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL, MNHN, CNRS, SU, UA, Paris, France.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan C Alberts
- Departments of Biology and Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peter Arcese
- Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Liam D Bailey
- Departments of Evolutionary Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patricia Brekke
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, London, UK
| | - Lauren J N Brent
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Glauco Camenisch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Charmantier
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Tim H Clutton-Brock
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Andrew Cockburn
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - David W Coltman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexandre Courtiol
- Departments of Evolutionary Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eve Davidian
- Departments of Evolutionary Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon R Evans
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - John G Ewen
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, London, UK
| | | | - Christophe de Franceschi
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Lars Gustafsson
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oliver P Höner
- Departments of Evolutionary Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas M Houslay
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Lukas F Keller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zoological Museum, University of Zurich,, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marta Manser
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Andrew G McAdam
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Emily McLean
- Biology Department, Oxford College, Emory University, Oxford, GA, USA
| | - Pirmin Nietlisbach
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - Helen L Osmond
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Erik Postma
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Jane M Reid
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alexis Rutschmann
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna W Santure
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ben C Sheldon
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jon Slate
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Céline Teplitsky
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Marcel E Visser
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Bettina Wachter
- Departments of Evolutionary Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Loeske E B Kruuk
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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15
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Okeke ES, Olovo CV, Nkwoemeka NE, Okoye CO, Nwankwo CEI, Onu CJ. Microbial ecology and evolution is key to pandemics: using the coronavirus model to mitigate future public health challenges. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09449. [PMID: 35601228 PMCID: PMC9113781 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pandemics are global challenges that lead to total disruption of human activities. From the inception of human existence, all pandemics have resulted in loss of human lives. The coronavirus disease caused by SAR-CoV-2 began in China and is now at the global scale with an increase in mortality and morbidity. Numerous anthropogenic activities have been implicated in the emergence and severity of pandemics, including COVID-19. These activities cause changes in microbial ecology, leading to evolution due to mutation and recombination. This review hypothesized that an understanding of these anthropogenic activities would explain the dynamics of pandemics. The recent coronavirus model was used to study issues leading to microbial evolution, towards preventing future pandemics. Our review highlighted anthropogenic activities, including deforestation, mining activities, waste treatment, burning of fossil fuel, as well as international travels as drivers of microbial evolution leading to pandemics. Furthermore, human-animal interaction has also been implicated in pandemic incidents. Our study recommends substantial control of such anthropogenic activities as having been highlighted as ways to reduce the frequency of mutation, reduce pathogenic reservoirs, and the emergence of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Natural Sciences Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, PR China
| | - Chinasa Valerie Olovo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ndidi Ethel Nkwoemeka
- Natural Sciences Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Charles Obinwanne Okoye
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Chidiebele Emmanuel Ikechukwu Nwankwo
- Natural Sciences Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Chisom Joshua Onu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 400001, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
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16
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Whelan S, Hatch SA, Gaston AJ, Gilchrist HG, Elliott KH. Opposite, but insufficient, phenological responses to climate in two circumpolar seabirds: relative roles of phenotypic plasticity and selection. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Whelan
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences McGill University Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue QC Canada
| | - Scott A. Hatch
- Institute for Seabird Research and Conservation Anchorage AK USA
| | | | - H. Grant Gilchrist
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Kyle H. Elliott
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences McGill University Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue QC Canada
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17
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Reid JM, Acker P. Conceptualizing the evolutionary quantitative genetics of phenological life‐history events: Breeding time as a plastic threshold trait. Evol Lett 2022; 6:220-233. [PMID: 35784452 PMCID: PMC9233176 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jane M. Reid
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics NTNU Trondheim 7491 Norway
- School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 2TZ United Kingdom
| | - Paul Acker
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics NTNU Trondheim 7491 Norway
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18
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Mohr AS, Ewanyk J, Hardy O, Windsor J, Zulliger E, Hilson C, Gunther MS, Bean WT. A multi‐metric movement model for identifying elk parturition events. WILDLIFE SOC B 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Mohr
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata 95521 CA USA
| | - Jon Ewanyk
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata 95521 CA USA
| | - Owen Hardy
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata 95521 CA USA
| | - Justin Windsor
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata 95521 CA USA
| | - Erin Zulliger
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata 95521 CA USA
| | | | | | - William T. Bean
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata 95521 CA USA
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19
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Lopez-Idiaquez D, Teplitsky C, Grégoire A, Fargevieille A, Rey MD, Franceschi CD, Charmantier A, Doutrelant C. Long-term decrease in coloration: a consequence of climate change? Am Nat 2022; 200:32-47. [DOI: 10.1086/719655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Pemberton J, Johnston SE, Fletcher TJ. The genome sequence of the red deer, Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758. Wellcome Open Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17493.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a genome assembly from an individual female Cervus elaphus (the red deer; Chordata; Mammalia; Artiodactyla; Cervidae). The genome sequence is 2,887 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 34 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the X sex chromosome assembled.
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21
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Hagen R, Ortmann S, Elliger A, Arnold J. Advanced roe deer (
Capreolus capreolus
) parturition date in response to climate change. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hagen
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - Sylvia Ortmann
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Elliger
- Wildlife Research Unit Agricultural Centre Baden‐Württemberg Aulendorf Germany
| | - Janosch Arnold
- Wildlife Research Unit Agricultural Centre Baden‐Württemberg Aulendorf Germany
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22
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Pavez-Fox MA, Negron-Del Valle JE, Thompson IJ, Walker CS, Bauman SE, Gonzalez O, Compo N, Ruiz-Lambides A, Martinez MI, Platt ML, Montague MJ, Higham JP, Snyder-Mackler N, Brent LJN. Sociality predicts individual variation in the immunity of free-ranging rhesus macaques. Physiol Behav 2021; 241:113560. [PMID: 34454245 PMCID: PMC8605072 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Social integration and social status can substantially affect an individual’s health and survival. One route through which this occurs is by altering immune function, which can be highly sensitive to changes in the social environment. However, we currently have limited understanding of how sociality influences markers of immunity in naturalistic populations where social dynamics can be fully realized. To address this gap, we asked if social integration and social status in free-ranging rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) predict anatomical and physiological markers of immunity. We used data on agonistic interactions to determine social status, and social network analysis of grooming interactions to generate measures of individual variation in social integration. As measures of immunity, we included the size of two of the major organs involved in the immune response, the spleen and liver, and counts of three types of blood cells (red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells). Controlling for body mass and age, we found that neither social status nor social integration predicted the size of anatomical markers of immunity. However, individuals that were more socially connected, i.e., with more grooming partners, had lower numbers of white blood cells than their socially isolated counterparts, indicating lower levels of inflammation with increasing levels of integration. These results build upon and extend our knowledge of the relationship between sociality and the immune system in humans and captive animals to free-ranging primates, demonstrating generalizability of the beneficial role of social integration on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Pavez-Fox
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Indya J Thompson
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, NC, United States
| | - Christopher S Walker
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, NC, United States
| | - Samuel E Bauman
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Melween I Martinez
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico
| | - Michael L Platt
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, PA, United States; Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, PA, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, PA, United States; Department of Marketing, University of Pennsylvania , PA, United States
| | - Michael J Montague
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, PA, United States
| | - James P Higham
- Department of Anthropology, New York University, NY, United States
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, AZ, United States; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, AZ, United States
| | - Lauren J N Brent
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
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23
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Biquet J, Bonamour S, de Villemereuil P, de Franceschi C, Teplitsky C. Phenotypic plasticity drives phenological changes in a Mediterranean blue tit population. J Evol Biol 2021; 35:347-359. [PMID: 34669221 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Earlier phenology induced by climate change, such as the passerines' breeding time, is observed in many natural populations. Understanding the nature of such changes is key to predict the responses of wild populations to climate change. Genetic changes have been rarely investigated for laying date, though it has been shown to be heritable and under directional selection, suggesting that the trait could evolve. In a Corsican blue tit population, the birds' laying date has significantly advanced over 40 years, and we here determine whether this response is of plastic or evolutionary origin, by comparing the predictions of the breeder's and the Robertson-Price (STS) equations, to the observed genetic changes. We compare the results obtained for two fitness proxies (fledgling and recruitment success), using models accounting for their zero inflation. Because the trait appears heritable and under directional selection, the breeder's equation predicts that genetic changes could drive a significant part of the phenological change observed. We, however, found that fitness proxies and laying date are not genetically correlated. The STS, therefore, predicts no evolution of the breeding time, predicting correctly the absence of trend in breeding values. Our results also emphasize that when investigating selection on a plastic trait under fluctuating selection, part of the fitness-trait phenotypic covariance can be due to within individual covariance. In the case of repeated measurements, splitting within and between individual covariance can shift our perspective on the actual intensity of selection over multiple selection episodes, shedding light on the potential for the trait to evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Biquet
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Suzanne Bonamour
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204), Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre de Villemereuil
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL, MNHN, CNRS, SU, UA, Paris, France
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24
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McFarlane SE, Ålund M, Sirkiä PM, Qvarnström A. Low Heritability but Significant Early Environmental Effects on Resting Metabolic Rate in a Wild Passerine. Am Nat 2021; 198:551-560. [PMID: 34559605 DOI: 10.1086/715842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPredicting the impact of climate change on biodiversity requires understanding the adaptation potential of wild organisms. Evolutionary responses depend on the additive genetic variation associated with the phenotypic traits targeted by selection. We combine 5 years of cross-fostering experiments, measurements of resting metabolic rate (RMR) on nearly 200 wild collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) nestlings, and animal models using a 17-year pedigree to evaluate the potential for an evolutionary response to changing environmental conditions. Contrary to other avian studies, we find no significant heritability of whole-organism, mass-independent, or mass-specific RMR, but we report a strong effect of nest environment instead. We therefore conclude that variation in nestling RMR is explained by variation in the early-life environment provided by the parents. We discuss possible underlying specific parental effects and the importance of taking different mechanisms into account to understand how animals phenotypically adapt (or fail to adapt) to climate change.
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25
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Culina A, Adriaensen F, Bailey LD, Burgess MD, Charmantier A, Cole EF, Eeva T, Matthysen E, Nater CR, Sheldon BC, Sæther B, Vriend SJG, Zajkova Z, Adamík P, Aplin LM, Angulo E, Artemyev A, Barba E, Barišić S, Belda E, Bilgin CC, Bleu J, Both C, Bouwhuis S, Branston CJ, Broggi J, Burke T, Bushuev A, Camacho C, Campobello D, Canal D, Cantarero A, Caro SP, Cauchoix M, Chaine A, Cichoń M, Ćiković D, Cusimano CA, Deimel C, Dhondt AA, Dingemanse NJ, Doligez B, Dominoni DM, Doutrelant C, Drobniak SM, Dubiec A, Eens M, Einar Erikstad K, Espín S, Farine DR, Figuerola J, Kavak Gülbeyaz P, Grégoire A, Hartley IR, Hau M, Hegyi G, Hille S, Hinde CA, Holtmann B, Ilyina T, Isaksson C, Iserbyt A, Ivankina E, Kania W, Kempenaers B, Kerimov A, Komdeur J, Korsten P, Král M, Krist M, Lambrechts M, Lara CE, Leivits A, Liker A, Lodjak J, Mägi M, Mainwaring MC, Mänd R, Massa B, Massemin S, Martínez‐Padilla J, Mazgajski TD, Mennerat A, Moreno J, Mouchet A, Nakagawa S, Nilsson J, Nilsson JF, Cláudia Norte A, van Oers K, Orell M, Potti J, Quinn JL, Réale D, Kristin Reiertsen T, Rosivall B, Russell AF, Rytkönen S, Sánchez‐Virosta P, Santos ESA, Schroeder J, Senar JC, Seress G, Slagsvold T, Szulkin M, Teplitsky C, Tilgar V, Tolstoguzov A, Török J, Valcu M, Vatka E, Verhulst S, Watson H, Yuta T, Zamora‐Marín JM, Visser ME. Connecting the data landscape of long-term ecological studies: The SPI-Birds data hub. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:2147-2160. [PMID: 33205462 PMCID: PMC8518542 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The integration and synthesis of the data in different areas of science is drastically slowed and hindered by a lack of standards and networking programmes. Long-term studies of individually marked animals are not an exception. These studies are especially important as instrumental for understanding evolutionary and ecological processes in the wild. Furthermore, their number and global distribution provides a unique opportunity to assess the generality of patterns and to address broad-scale global issues (e.g. climate change). To solve data integration issues and enable a new scale of ecological and evolutionary research based on long-term studies of birds, we have created the SPI-Birds Network and Database (www.spibirds.org)-a large-scale initiative that connects data from, and researchers working on, studies of wild populations of individually recognizable (usually ringed) birds. Within year and a half since the establishment, SPI-Birds has recruited over 120 members, and currently hosts data on almost 1.5 million individual birds collected in 80 populations over 2,000 cumulative years, and counting. SPI-Birds acts as a data hub and a catalogue of studied populations. It prevents data loss, secures easy data finding, use and integration and thus facilitates collaboration and synthesis. We provide community-derived data and meta-data standards and improve data integrity guided by the principles of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR), and aligned with the existing metadata languages (e.g. ecological meta-data language). The encouraging community involvement stems from SPI-Bird's decentralized approach: research groups retain full control over data use and their way of data management, while SPI-Birds creates tailored pipelines to convert each unique data format into a standard format. We outline the lessons learned, so that other communities (e.g. those working on other taxa) can adapt our successful model. Creating community-specific hubs (such as ours, COMADRE for animal demography, etc.) will aid much-needed large-scale ecological data integration.
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26
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Marchand P, Garel M, Morellet N, Benoit L, Chaval Y, Itty C, Petit E, Cargnelutti B, Hewison AJM, Loison A. A standardised biologging approach to infer parturition: An application in large herbivores across the hider‐follower continuum. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Marchand
- Office Français de la Biodiversité Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique Unité Ongulés Sauvages Juvignac France
| | - Mathieu Garel
- Office Français de la Biodiversité Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique Unité Ongulés Sauvages Gières France
| | - Nicolas Morellet
- Université de ToulouseINRAECEFS Castanet‐Tolosan France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Laura Benoit
- Université de ToulouseINRAECEFS Castanet‐Tolosan France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Yannick Chaval
- Université de ToulouseINRAECEFS Castanet‐Tolosan France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Christian Itty
- Office Français de la Biodiversité Service Appui aux Acteurs et Mobilisation des Territoires Castanet‐le‐Haut France
| | - Elodie Petit
- Office Français de la Biodiversité Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique Unité Sanitaire de la Faune Sévrier France
- VetAgro Sup Lyon Marcy‐l'Étoile France
| | - Bruno Cargnelutti
- Université de ToulouseINRAECEFS Castanet‐Tolosan France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Aidan J. M. Hewison
- Université de ToulouseINRAECEFS Castanet‐Tolosan France
- LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne Auzeville‐Tolosane France
| | - Anne Loison
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont‐BlancCNRSLECA Grenoble France
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27
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Laforge MP, Bonar M, Vander Wal E. Tracking snowmelt to jump the green wave: phenological drivers of migration in a northern ungulate. Ecology 2021; 102:e03268. [PMID: 33326603 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In northern climates, spring is a time of rapid environmental change: for migrating terrestrial animals, melting snow facilitates foraging and travel, and newly emergent vegetation provides a valuable nutritional resource. These changes result in selection on the timing of important life-history events such as migration and parturition occurring when high-quality resources are most abundant. We examined the timing of female caribou (Rangifer tarandus, n = 94) migration and parturition in five herds across 7 yr in Newfoundland, Canada, as a function of two measures of environmental change-snowmelt and vegetation green-up. We generated resource selection functions to test whether caribou selected for areas associated with snowmelt and green-up during migration and following calving. We found that caribou migrated approximately 1 wk prior to snowmelt, with the flush of emergent vegetation occurring during the weeks following parturition. The results indicate that caribou "jump" the green wave of emergent forage and do so by tracking the receding edge of melting snow, likely reducing movement and foraging costs related to snow cover. Our research further broadens the ecological scope of resource tracking in animals. We demonstrate that resource tracking extends beyond resources directly related to foraging to those related to movement. We also show that snowmelt provides an environmental cue that may provide a buffer against changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel P Laforge
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Maegwin Bonar
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X9, Canada.,Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Suite A211, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Eric Vander Wal
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X9, Canada.,Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology Program, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X9, Canada
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28
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Hindell MA, McMahon CR, Jonsen I, Harcourt R, Arce F, Guinet C. Inter- and intrasex habitat partitioning in the highly dimorphic southern elephant seal. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1620-1633. [PMID: 33613994 PMCID: PMC7882946 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Partitioning resources is a key mechanism for avoiding intraspecific competition and maximizing individual energy gain. However, in sexually dimorphic species it is difficult to discern if partitioning is due to competition or the different resource needs of morphologically distinct individuals. In the highly dimorphic southern elephant seal, there are intersexual differences in habitat use; at Iles Kerguelen, males predominantly use shelf waters, while females use deeper oceanic waters. There are equally marked intrasexual differences, with some males using the nearby Kerguelen Plateau, and others using the much more distant Antarctic continental shelf (~2,000 km away). We used this combination of inter and intrasexual behavior to test two hypotheses regarding habitat partitioning in highly dimorphic species. (a) that intersexual differences in habitat use will not appear until the seals diverge in body size and (b) that some habitats have higher rates of energy return than others. In particular, that the Antarctic shelf would provide higher energy returns than the Kerguelen Shelf, to offset the greater cost of travel. We quantified the habitat use of 187 southern elephant seals (102 adult females and 85 subadult males). The seals in the two groups were the same size (~2.4 m) removing the confounding effect of body size. We found that the intersexual differences in habitat use existed before the divergence in body size. Also, we found that the amount of energy gained was the same in all of the major habitats. This suggests that the use of shelf habitats by males is innate, and a trade-off between the need to access the large benthic prey available on shelf waters, against the higher risk of predation there. Intrasexual differences in habitat use are another trade-off; although there are fewer predators on the Antarctic shelf, it is subject to considerable interannual fluctuations in sea-ice extent. In contrast, the Kerguelen Plateau presents more consistent foraging opportunities, but contains higher levels of predation. Habitat partitioning in this highly dimorphic species is therefore the result of complex interplay of life history strategies, environmental conditions and predation pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Hindell
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Clive R. McMahon
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- IMOS Animal Tagging, Sydney Institute of Marine ScienceMosmanNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversityNorth Ryde, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ian Jonsen
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversityNorth Ryde, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Robert Harcourt
- IMOS Animal Tagging, Sydney Institute of Marine ScienceMosmanNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversityNorth Ryde, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Fernando Arce
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Christophe Guinet
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC)UMR 7372Université de la Rochelle‐CNRSVilliers en BoisFrance
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29
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Monnahan PJ, Colicchio J, Fishman L, Macdonald SJ, Kelly JK. Predicting evolutionary change at the DNA level in a natural Mimulus population. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1008945. [PMID: 33439857 PMCID: PMC7837469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution by natural selection occurs when the frequencies of genetic variants change because individuals differ in Darwinian fitness components such as survival or reproductive success. Differential fitness has been demonstrated in field studies of many organisms, but it remains unclear how well we can quantitatively predict allele frequency changes from fitness measurements. Here, we characterize natural selection on millions of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genome of the annual plant Mimulus guttatus. We use fitness estimates to calibrate population genetic models that effectively predict allele frequency changes into the next generation. Hundreds of SNPs experienced "male selection" in 2013 with one allele at each SNP elevated in frequency among successful male gametes relative to the entire population of adults. In the following generation, allele frequencies at these SNPs consistently shifted in the predicted direction. A second year of study revealed that SNPs had effects on both viability and reproductive success with pervasive trade-offs between fitness components. SNPs favored by male selection were, on average, detrimental to survival. These trade-offs (antagonistic pleiotropy and temporal fluctuations in fitness) may be essential to the long-term maintenance of alleles. Despite the challenges of measuring selection in the wild, the strong correlation between predicted and observed allele frequency changes suggests that population genetic models have a much greater role to play in forward-time prediction of evolutionary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Monnahan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Jack Colicchio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Lila Fishman
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Stuart J. Macdonald
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - John K. Kelly
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
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30
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Ridley AR, Wiley EM, Bourne AR, Cunningham SJ, Nelson-Flower MJ. Understanding the potential impact of climate change on the behavior and demography of social species: The pied babbler (Turdoides bicolor) as a case study. ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.asb.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Zimova M, Giery ST, Newey S, Nowak JJ, Spencer M, Mills LS. Lack of phenological shift leads to increased camouflage mismatch in mountain hares. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201786. [PMID: 33323093 PMCID: PMC7779512 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding whether organisms will be able to adapt to human-induced stressors currently endangering their existence is an urgent priority. Globally, multiple species moult from a dark summer to white winter coat to maintain camouflage against snowy landscapes. Decreasing snow cover duration owing to climate change is increasing mismatch in seasonal camouflage. To directly test for adaptive responses to recent changes in snow cover, we repeated historical (1950s) field studies of moult phenology in mountain hares (Lepus timidus) in Scotland. We found little evidence that population moult phenology has shifted to align seasonal coat colour with shorter snow seasons, or that phenotypic plasticity prevented increases in camouflage mismatch. The lack of responses resulted in 35 additional days of mismatch between 1950 and 2016. We emphasize the potential role of weak directional selection pressure and low genetic variability in shaping the scope for adaptive responses to anthropogenic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Zimova
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
- Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Sean T. Giery
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Scott Newey
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK
| | - J. Joshua Nowak
- Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Michael Spencer
- Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - L. Scott Mills
- Wildlife Biology Program and Office of Research and Creative Scholarship, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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32
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Davidson SC, Bohrer G, Gurarie E, LaPoint S, Mahoney PJ, Boelman NT, Eitel JUH, Prugh LR, Vierling LA, Jennewein J, Grier E, Couriot O, Kelly AP, Meddens AJH, Oliver RY, Kays R, Wikelski M, Aarvak T, Ackerman JT, Alves JA, Bayne E, Bedrosian B, Belant JL, Berdahl AM, Berlin AM, Berteaux D, Bêty J, Boiko D, Booms TL, Borg BL, Boutin S, Boyd WS, Brides K, Brown S, Bulyuk VN, Burnham KK, Cabot D, Casazza M, Christie K, Craig EH, Davis SE, Davison T, Demma D, DeSorbo CR, Dixon A, Domenech R, Eichhorn G, Elliott K, Evenson JR, Exo KM, Ferguson SH, Fiedler W, Fisk A, Fort J, Franke A, Fuller MR, Garthe S, Gauthier G, Gilchrist G, Glazov P, Gray CE, Grémillet D, Griffin L, Hallworth MT, Harrison AL, Hennin HL, Hipfner JM, Hodson J, Johnson JA, Joly K, Jones K, Katzner TE, Kidd JW, Knight EC, Kochert MN, Kölzsch A, Kruckenberg H, Lagassé BJ, Lai S, Lamarre JF, Lanctot RB, Larter NC, Latham ADM, Latty CJ, Lawler JP, Léandri-Breton DJ, Lee H, Lewis SB, Love OP, Madsen J, Maftei M, Mallory ML, Mangipane B, Markovets MY, Marra PP, McGuire R, McIntyre CL, McKinnon EA, Miller TA, Moonen S, Mu T, Müskens GJDM, Ng J, Nicholson KL, Øien IJ, Overton C, Owen PA, Patterson A, Petersen A, Pokrovsky I, Powell LL, Prieto R, Quillfeldt P, Rausch J, Russell K, Saalfeld ST, Schekkerman H, Schmutz JA, Schwemmer P, Seip DR, Shreading A, Silva MA, Smith BW, Smith F, Smith JP, Snell KRS, Sokolov A, Sokolov V, Solovyeva DV, Sorum MS, Tertitski G, Therrien JF, Thorup K, Tibbitts TL, Tulp I, Uher-Koch BD, van Bemmelen RSA, Van Wilgenburg S, Von Duyke AL, Watson JL, Watts BD, Williams JA, Wilson MT, Wright JR, Yates MA, Yurkowski DJ, Žydelis R, Hebblewhite M. Ecological insights from three decades of animal movement tracking across a changing Arctic. Science 2020; 370:712-715. [PMID: 33154141 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Arctic is entering a new ecological state, with alarming consequences for humanity. Animal-borne sensors offer a window into these changes. Although substantial animal tracking data from the Arctic and subarctic exist, most are difficult to discover and access. Here, we present the new Arctic Animal Movement Archive (AAMA), a growing collection of more than 200 standardized terrestrial and marine animal tracking studies from 1991 to the present. The AAMA supports public data discovery, preserves fundamental baseline data for the future, and facilitates efficient, collaborative data analysis. With AAMA-based case studies, we document climatic influences on the migration phenology of eagles, geographic differences in the adaptive response of caribou reproductive phenology to climate change, and species-specific changes in terrestrial mammal movement rates in response to increasing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Davidson
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gil Bohrer
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Eliezer Gurarie
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Scott LaPoint
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Black Rock Forest, 65 Reservoir Road, Cornwall, NY, USA.,Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
| | - Peter J Mahoney
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Natalie T Boelman
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
| | - Jan U H Eitel
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Laura R Prugh
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lee A Vierling
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Jyoti Jennewein
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Emma Grier
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ophélie Couriot
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, Annapolis, MD, USA
| | - Allicia P Kelly
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Fort Smith, NT, Canada
| | - Arjan J H Meddens
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Ruth Y Oliver
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Roland Kays
- College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Joshua T Ackerman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - José A Alves
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland, Laugarvatn, Iceland
| | - Erin Bayne
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Jerrold L Belant
- Global Wildlife Conservation Center, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Andrew M Berdahl
- School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alicia M Berlin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Dominique Berteaux
- Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Joël Bêty
- Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Dmitrijs Boiko
- Latvian National Museum of Natural History, Riga, Latvia.,Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia.,Latvian Swan Research Society, Kalnciems, Latvia
| | | | - Bridget L Borg
- National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve, Denali Park, AK, USA
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - W Sean Boyd
- Science & Technology Branch, Environment & Climate Change Canada, Delta, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Victor N Bulyuk
- Biological Station Rybachy, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - David Cabot
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael Casazza
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tracy Davison
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Inuvik, NT, Canada
| | | | | | - Andrew Dixon
- Reneco International Wildlife Consultants, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Götz Eichhorn
- Vogeltrekstation-Dutch Centre for Avian Migration and Demography, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kyle Elliott
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Klaus-Michael Exo
- Institute for Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland," Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aaron Fisk
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, School of the Environment, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Jérôme Fort
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS, La Rochelle University, La Rochelle, France
| | - Alastair Franke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Arctic Raptor Project, Rankin Inlet, NU, Canada
| | - Mark R Fuller
- Boise State University, Raptor Research Center, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Stefan Garthe
- Research and Technology Centre (FTZ), Kiel University, Büsum, Germany
| | - Gilles Gauthier
- Département de Biologie & Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Grant Gilchrist
- Environment & Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Petr Glazov
- Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Carrie E Gray
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - David Grémillet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle University, Villiers en Bois, France.,Percy Fitzpatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | | | - Michael T Hallworth
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, USA.,Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Autumn-Lynn Harrison
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, USA
| | - Holly L Hennin
- Science & Technology Branch, Environment & Climate Change Canada, Delta, BC, Canada.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - J Mark Hipfner
- Environment & Climate Change Canada, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, Delta, BC, Canada
| | - James Hodson
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, NT, Canada
| | - James A Johnson
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Kyle Joly
- National Park Service, Gates of the Arctic National Park & Preserve, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | | | - Todd E Katzner
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Boise, ID, USA
| | | | - Elly C Knight
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Michael N Kochert
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Andrea Kölzsch
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Institute for Wetlands and Waterbird Research e.V., Verden (Aller), Germany
| | - Helmut Kruckenberg
- Institute for Wetlands and Waterbird Research e.V., Verden (Aller), Germany
| | - Benjamin J Lagassé
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Sandra Lai
- Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | | | - Richard B Lanctot
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Nicholas C Larter
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Fort Simpson, NT, Canada
| | - A David M Latham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Christopher J Latty
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - James P Lawler
- National Park Service, Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Program, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | | | - Hansoo Lee
- Korea Institute of Environmental Ecology, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Oliver P Love
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Jesper Madsen
- Department of Bioscience-Kalø, Aarhus University, Rønde, Denmark
| | - Mark Maftei
- High Arctic Gull Research Group, Bamfield, BC, Canada
| | - Mark L Mallory
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Buck Mangipane
- National Park Service, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Mikhail Y Markovets
- Biological Station Rybachy, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Peter P Marra
- Department of Biology and the McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rebecca McGuire
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Arctic Beringia Program, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Carol L McIntyre
- National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve, Denali Park, AK, USA
| | | | - Tricia A Miller
- Conservation Science Global, Inc., West Cape May, NJ, USA.,Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sander Moonen
- Institute for Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland," Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Tong Mu
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Gerhard J D M Müskens
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Janet Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Cory Overton
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Patricia A Owen
- National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve, Denali Park, AK, USA
| | - Allison Patterson
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Ivan Pokrovsky
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Laboratory of Ornithology, Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia.,Arctic Research Station of Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB, RAS, Labytnangi, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, Russia
| | - Luke L Powell
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, USA.,Durham University, Durham, UK.,University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Rui Prieto
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Institute of Marine Research and Okeanos R&D Centre, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
| | | | - Jennie Rausch
- Environment & Climate Change Canada, Yellowknife, NT, Canada
| | | | - Sarah T Saalfeld
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | | | - Joel A Schmutz
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Philipp Schwemmer
- Research and Technology Centre (FTZ), Kiel University, Büsum, Germany
| | - Dale R Seip
- British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | | | - Mónica A Silva
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Institute of Marine Research and Okeanos R&D Centre, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal.,Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Brian W Smith
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Fletcher Smith
- Center for Conservation Biology, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.,Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Brunswick, GA, USA
| | - Jeff P Smith
- HawkWatch International, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,H. T. Harvey & Associates, Los Gatos, CA, USA
| | - Katherine R S Snell
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aleksandr Sokolov
- Arctic Research Station of Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB, RAS, Labytnangi, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Sokolov
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Diana V Solovyeva
- Laboratory of Ornithology, Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia
| | - Mathew S Sorum
- National Park Service, Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve, Central Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Network, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | | | - J F Therrien
- Département de Biologie & Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Hawk Mountain Sanctuary, Kempton, PA, USA
| | - Kasper Thorup
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Lee Tibbitts
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Ingrid Tulp
- Wageningen Marine Research, IJmuiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Rob S A van Bemmelen
- Wageningen Marine Research, IJmuiden, Netherlands.,Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, Netherlands
| | - Steven Van Wilgenburg
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment & Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Andrew L Von Duyke
- North Slope Borough, Department of Wildlife Management, Utqiaġvik, AK, USA
| | - Jesse L Watson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bryan D Watts
- Center for Conservation Biology, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Judy A Williams
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, NT, Canada
| | | | - James R Wright
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - David J Yurkowski
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Mark Hebblewhite
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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33
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Dantzer B, McAdam AG, Humphries MM, Lane JE, Boutin S. Decoupling the effects of food and density on life-history plasticity of wild animals using field experiments: Insights from the steward who sits in the shadow of its tail, the North American red squirrel. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:2397-2414. [PMID: 32929740 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Long-term studies of wild animals provide the opportunity to investigate how phenotypic plasticity is used to cope with environmental fluctuations and how the relationships between phenotypes and fitness can be dependent upon the ecological context. Many previous studies have only investigated life-history plasticity in response to changes in temperature, yet wild animals often experience multiple environmental fluctuations simultaneously. This requires field experiments to decouple which ecological factor induces plasticity in fitness-relevant traits to better understand their population-level responses to those environmental fluctuations. For the past 32 years, we have conducted a long-term integrative study of individually marked North American red squirrels Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben in the Yukon, Canada. We have used multi-year field experiments to examine the physiological and life-history responses of individual red squirrels to fluctuations in food abundance and conspecific density. Our long-term observational study and field experiments show that squirrels can anticipate increases in food availability and density, thereby decoupling the usual pattern where animals respond to, rather than anticipate, an ecological change. As in many other study systems, ecological factors that can induce plasticity (such as food and density) covary. However, our field experiments that manipulate food availability and social cues of density (frequency of territorial vocalizations) indicate that increases in social (acoustic) cues of density in the absence of additional food can induce similar life-history plasticity, as does experimental food supplementation. Changes in the levels of metabolic hormones (glucocorticoids) in response to variation in food and density are one mechanism that seems to induce this adaptive life-history plasticity. Although we have not yet investigated the energetic response of squirrels to elevated density or its association with life-history plasticity, energetics research in red squirrels has overturned several standard pillars of knowledge in physiological ecology. We show how a tractable model species combined with integrative studies can reveal how animals cope with resource fluctuations through life-history plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Dantzer
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew G McAdam
- Department for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Murray M Humphries
- Natural Resource Sciences Department, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey E Lane
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Michel ES, Strickland BK, Demarais S, Belant JL, Kautz TM, Duquette JF, Beyer DE, Chamberlain MJ, Miller KV, Shuman RM, Kilgo JC, Diefenbach DR, Wallingford BD, Vreeland JK, Ditchkoff SS, DePerno CS, Moorman CE, Chitwood MC, Lashley MA. Relative reproductive phenology and synchrony affect neonate survival in a nonprecocial ungulate. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Michel
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Division of Fish and Wildlife Madelia MN USA
| | - Bronson K. Strickland
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA
| | - Stephen Demarais
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA
| | - Jerrold L. Belant
- Global Wildlife Conservation Center State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse NY USA
| | - Todd M. Kautz
- Global Wildlife Conservation Center State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse NY USA
| | - Jared F. Duquette
- Illinois Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Division Forbes Natural History Building Champaign IL USA
| | - Dean E. Beyer
- Customer Service Center Michigan Department of Natural Resources Marquette MI USA
| | | | - Karl V. Miller
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA USA
| | | | - John C. Kilgo
- USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station New Ellenton SC USA
| | - Duane R. Diefenbach
- U.S. Geological Survey Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA
| | | | | | | | - Christopher S. DePerno
- Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Program North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Christopher E. Moorman
- Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Program North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - M. Colter Chitwood
- Wildlife Biology Program, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana Missoula MT USA
| | - Marcus A. Lashley
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
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35
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Rehnus M, Peláez M, Bollmann K. Advancing plant phenology causes an increasing trophic mismatch in an income breeder across a wide elevational range. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maik Rehnus
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL Zürcherstrasse 111 Birmensdorf8903Switzerland
| | - Marta Peláez
- Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria s/n Madrid28040Spain
| | - Kurt Bollmann
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL Zürcherstrasse 111 Birmensdorf8903Switzerland
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36
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Gauzere J, Pemberton JM, Morris S, Morris A, Kruuk LEB, Walling CA. The genetic architecture of maternal effects across ontogeny in the red deer. Evolution 2020; 74:1378-1391. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gauzere
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FL United Kingdom
| | - Josephine M. Pemberton
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FL United Kingdom
| | - Sean Morris
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FL United Kingdom
| | - Alison Morris
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FL United Kingdom
| | - Loeske E. B. Kruuk
- Research School of Biology The Australian National University ACT 0200 Canberra Australia
| | - Craig A. Walling
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FL United Kingdom
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37
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Hajduk GK, Walling CA, Cockburn A, Kruuk LEB. The 'algebra of evolution': the Robertson-Price identity and viability selection for body mass in a wild bird population. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190359. [PMID: 32146880 PMCID: PMC7133512 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
By the Robertson–Price identity, the change in a quantitative trait owing to selection, is equal to the trait's covariance with relative fitness. In this study, we applied the identity to long-term data on superb fairy-wrens Malurus cyaneus, to estimate phenotypic and genetic change owing to juvenile viability selection. Mortality in the four-week period between fledging and independence was 40%, and heavier nestlings were more likely to survive, but why? There was additive genetic variance for both nestling mass and survival, and a positive phenotypic covariance between the traits, but no evidence of additive genetic covariance. Comparing standardized gradients, the phenotypic selection gradient was positive, βP = 0.108 (0.036, 0.187 95% CI), whereas the genetic gradient was not different from zero, βA = −0.025 (−0.19, 0.107 95% CI). This suggests that factors other than nestling mass were the cause of variation in survival. In particular, there were temporal correlations between mass and survival both within and between years. We suggest that use of the Price equation to describe cross-generational change in the wild may be challenging, but a more modest aim of estimating its first term, the Robertson–Price identity, to assess within-generation change can provide valuable insights into the processes shaping phenotypic diversity in natural populations. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Fifty years of the Price equation’.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Hajduk
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - C A Walling
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - A Cockburn
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - L E B Kruuk
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Bridle
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK.
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