1
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Wreven E, Ruiz de Adana MS, Hardivillé S, Gmyr V, Kerr-Conte J, Chetboun M, Pasquetti G, Delalleau N, Thévenet J, Coddeville A, Vallejo Herrera MJ, Hinden L, Benavides Espínola IC, Gómez Duro M, Sanchez Salido L, Linares F, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Tam J, Bonner C, Egan JM, Olveira G, Colomo N, Pattou F, González-Mariscal I. Pharmaceutical targeting of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor impacts the crosstalk between immune cells and islets to reduce insulitis in humans. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06193-6. [PMID: 38864887 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insulitis, a hallmark of inflammation preceding autoimmune type 1 diabetes, leads to the eventual loss of functional beta cells. However, functional beta cells can persist even in the face of continuous insulitis. Despite advances in immunosuppressive treatments, maintaining functional beta cells to prevent insulitis progression and hyperglycaemia remains a challenge. The cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R), present in immune cells and beta cells, regulates inflammation and beta cell function. Here, we pioneer an ex vivo model mirroring human insulitis to investigate the role of CB1R in this process. METHODS CD4+ T lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from male and female individuals at the onset of type 1 diabetes and from non-diabetic individuals, RNA was extracted and mRNA expression was analysed by real-time PCR. Single beta cell expression from donors with type 1 diabetes was obtained from data mining. Patient-derived human islets from male and female cadaveric donors were 3D-cultured in solubilised extracellular matrix gel in co-culture with the same donor PBMCs, and incubated with cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ) for 24-48 h in the presence of vehicle or increasing concentrations of the CB1R blocker JD-5037. Expression of CNR1 (encoding for CB1R) was ablated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Viability, intracellular stress and signalling were assayed by live-cell probing and real-time PCR. The islet function measured as glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was determined in a perifusion system. Infiltration of immune cells into the islets was monitored by microscopy. Non-obese diabetic mice aged 7 weeks were treated for 1 week with JD-5037, then euthanised. Profiling of immune cells infiltrated in the islets was performed by flow cytometry. RESULTS CNR1 expression was upregulated in circulating CD4+ T cells from individuals at type 1 diabetes onset (6.9-fold higher vs healthy individuals) and in sorted islet beta cells from donors with type 1 diabetes (3.6-fold higher vs healthy counterparts). The peripherally restricted CB1R inverse agonist JD-5037 arrested the initiation of insulitis in humans and mice. Mechanistically, CB1R blockade prevented islet NO production and ameliorated the ATF6 arm of the unfolded protein response. Consequently, cyto/chemokine expression decreased in human islets, leading to sustained islet cell viability and function. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results suggest that CB1R could be an interesting target for type 1 diabetes while highlighting the regulatory mechanisms of insulitis. Moreover, these findings may apply to type 2 diabetes where islet inflammation is also a pathophysiological factor. DATA AVAILABILITY Transcriptomic analysis of sorted human beta cells are from Gene Expression Omnibus database, accession no. GSE121863, available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSM3448161 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Wreven
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - María Soledad Ruiz de Adana
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Stéphan Hardivillé
- CNRS UMR8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Valery Gmyr
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Mikael Chetboun
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Gianni Pasquetti
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Delalleau
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Julien Thévenet
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Anaïs Coddeville
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - María José Vallejo Herrera
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Liad Hinden
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Inmaculada Concepción Benavides Espínola
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mireia Gómez Duro
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Lourdes Sanchez Salido
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Linares
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Caroline Bonner
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Colomo
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - François Pattou
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Isabel González-Mariscal
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research for Diabetes, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France.
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.
- Grupo de Trabajo de Investigación Básica en Diabetes, Sociedad Española de Diabetes, Madrid, Spain.
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Murata N, Nishimura K, Harada N, Kitakaze T, Yoshihara E, Inui H, Yamaji R. Insulin reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial hyperpolarization and caspase-12 in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16106. [PMID: 38884322 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell mass is a critical determinant of insulin secretion. Severe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress causes β-cell apoptosis; however, the mechanisms of progression and suppression are not yet fully understood. Here, we report that the autocrine/paracrine function of insulin reduces ER stress-induced β-cell apoptosis. Insulin reduced the ER-stress inducer tunicamycin- and thapsigargin-induced cell viability loss due to apoptosis in INS-1 β-cells. Moreover, the effect of insulin was greater than that of insulin-like growth factor-1 at physiologically relevant concentrations. Insulin did not attenuate the ER stress-induced increase in unfolded protein response genes. ER stress did not induce cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Mitochondrial hyperpolarization was induced by ER stress and prevented by insulin. The protonophore/mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler, but not the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and α-tocopherol, exhibited potential cytoprotection during ER stress. Both procaspase-12 and cleaved caspase-12 levels increased under ER stress. The caspase-12 inhibitor Z-ATAD-FMK decreased ER stress-induced apoptosis. Caspase-12 overexpression reduced cell viability, which was diminished in the presence of insulin. Insulin decreased caspase-12 levels at the post-translational stages. These results demonstrate that insulin protects against ER stress-induced β-cell apoptosis in this cell line. Furthermore, mitochondrial hyperpolarization and increased caspase-12 levels are involved in ER stress-induced and insulin-suppressed β-cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Murata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kana Nishimura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Harada
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kitakaze
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Yoshihara
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hiroshi Inui
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Otemae University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yamaji
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Research and Development of Bioresources, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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Triolo TM, Parikh HM, Tosur M, Ferrat L, You L, Gottlieb PA, Oram RA, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Krischer JP, Rich SS, Steck AK, Redondo MJ. Genetic Associations with C-peptide Levels before Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis in At-Risk Relatives. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae349. [PMID: 38767115 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether the type 1 diabetes genetic risk score-2 (T1D-GRS2) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with C-peptide preservation before type 1 diabetes diagnosis. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 713 autoantibody-positive participants who developed type 1 diabetes in the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study who had T1DExomeChip data. We evaluated the relationships of 16 known SNPs and T1D-GRS2 with area under the curve (AUC) C-peptide levels during oral glucose tolerance tests conducted in the 9 months before diagnosis. RESULTS Higher T1D-GRS2 was associated with lower C-peptide AUC in the 9 months before diagnosis in univariate (β=-0.06, P<0.0001) and multivariate (β=-0.03, P=0.005) analyses. Participants with the JAZF1 rs864745 T allele had lower C-peptide AUC in both univariate (β=-0.11, P=0.002) and multivariate (β=-0.06, P=0.018) analyses. CONCLUSIONS The type 2 diabetes-associated JAZF1 rs864745 T allele and higher T1D-GRS2 are associated with lower C-peptide AUC prior to diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, with implications for the design of prevention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Hemang M Parikh
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mustafa Tosur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Lu You
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Peter A Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | | | | | - Jeffrey P Krischer
- Health Informatics Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - Andrea K Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Maria J Redondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Filipowska J, Cisneros Z, Leon-Rivera N, Wang P, Kang R, Lu G, Yuan YC, Bhattacharya S, Dhawan S, Garcia-Ocaña A, Kondegowda NG, Vasavada RC. LGR4 is essential for maintaining β-cell homeostasis through suppression of RANK. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593645. [PMID: 38798561 PMCID: PMC11118322 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell stress contributes to diabetes progression. This study demonstrates that Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled-receptor-4 (LGR4) is critical for maintaining β-cell health and is modulated by stressors. In vitro , Lgr4 knockdown decreases proliferation and survival in rodent β-cells, while overexpression protects against cytokine-induced cell death in rodent and human β-cells. Mechanistically, LGR4 suppresses Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFκB) (RANK) and its subsequent activation of NFκB to protect β-cells. β-cell-specific Lgr4 -conditional knockout (cko) mice exhibit normal glucose homeostasis but increased β-cell death in both sexes and decreased proliferation only in females. Male Lgr4 cko mice under stress display reduced β-cell proliferation and a further increase in β-cell death. Upon aging, both male and female Lgr4 cko mice display impaired β-cell homeostasis, however, only female mice are glucose intolerant with decreased plasma insulin. We show that LGR4 is required for maintaining β-cell health under basal and stress-induced conditions, through suppression of RANK. Teaser LGR4 receptor is critical for maintaining β-cell health under basal and stressed conditions, through suppression of RANK.
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5
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Ghiasi SM, Marchetti P, Piemonti L, Nielsen JH, Porse BT, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Rutter GA. Proinflammatory cytokines suppress nonsense-mediated RNA decay to impair regulated transcript isoform processing in pancreatic β cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1359147. [PMID: 38586449 PMCID: PMC10995974 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1359147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proinflammatory cytokines are implicated in pancreatic ß cell failure in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and are known to stimulate alternative RNA splicing and the expression of nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) components. Here, we investigate whether cytokines regulate NMD activity and identify transcript isoforms targeted in ß cells. Methods A luciferase-based NMD reporter transiently expressed in rat INS1(832/13), human-derived EndoC-ßH3, or dispersed human islet cells is used to examine the effect of proinflammatory cytokines (Cyt) on NMD activity. The gain- or loss-of-function of two key NMD components, UPF3B and UPF2, is used to reveal the effect of cytokines on cell viability and function. RNA-sequencing and siRNA-mediated silencing are deployed using standard techniques. Results Cyt attenuate NMD activity in insulin-producing cell lines and primary human ß cells. These effects are found to involve ER stress and are associated with the downregulation of UPF3B. Increases or decreases in NMD activity achieved by UPF3B overexpression (OE) or UPF2 silencing raise or lower Cyt-induced cell death, respectively, in EndoC-ßH3 cells and are associated with decreased or increased insulin content, respectively. No effects of these manipulations are observed on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that Cyt increases alternative splicing (AS)-induced exon skipping in the transcript isoforms, and this is potentiated by UPF2 silencing. Gene enrichment analysis identifies transcripts regulated by UPF2 silencing whose proteins are localized and/or functional in the extracellular matrix (ECM), including the serine protease inhibitor SERPINA1/α-1-antitrypsin, whose silencing sensitizes ß-cells to Cyt cytotoxicity. Cytokines suppress NMD activity via UPR signaling, potentially serving as a protective response against Cyt-induced NMD component expression. Conclusion Our findings highlight the central importance of RNA turnover in ß cell responses to inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed M. Ghiasi
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Development and Aging Program, and Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Jens H. Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo T. Porse
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem) Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre (CRCHUM) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Krishnan P, Branco RCS, Weaver SA, Chang G, Lee CC, Syed F, Evans-Molina C. miR-146a-5p mediates inflammation-induced β cell mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585543. [PMID: 38562689 PMCID: PMC10983918 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We previously showed that miR-146a-5p is upregulated in pancreatic islets treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Others have reported that miR-146a-5p overexpression is associated with β cell apoptosis and impaired insulin secretion. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating these effects remain elusive. To investigate the role of miR-146a-5p in β cell function, we developed stable MIN6 cell lines to either overexpress or inhibit the expression of miR-146a-5p. Monoclonal cell populations were treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFNγ, and TNFα) to model T1D in vitro. We found that overexpression of miR-146a-5p increased cell death under conditions of inflammatory stress, whereas inhibition of miR-146a-5p reversed these effects. Additionally, inhibition of miR-146a-5p increased mitochondrial DNA copy number, respiration rate, and ATP production. Further, RNA sequencing data showed enrichment of pathways related to insulin secretion, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function when the expression levels of miR-146a-5p were altered. Finally, a temporal increase in miR-146a-5p expression levels and a decrease in mitochondria function markers was observed in islets derived from NOD mice. Collectively, these data suggest that miR-146a-5p may promote β cell dysfunction and death during inflammatory stress by suppressing mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Renato Chaves Souto Branco
- Department of Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Staci A Weaver
- Department of Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Garrick Chang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Chih-Chun Lee
- Department of Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
- Department of Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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7
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Saito Y, Yang Y, Saito M, Park CY, Funato K, Tabar V, Darnell RB. NOVA1 acts as an oncogenic RNA-binding protein to regulate cholesterol homeostasis in human glioblastoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314695121. [PMID: 38416679 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314695121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
NOVA1 is a neuronal RNA-binding protein identified as the target antigen of a rare autoimmune disorder associated with cancer and neurological symptoms, termed paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia. Despite the strong association between NOVA1 and cancer, it has been unclear how NOVA1 function might contribute to cancer biology. In this study, we find that NOVA1 acts as an oncogenic factor in a GBM (glioblastoma multiforme) cell line established from a patient. Interestingly, NOVA1 and Argonaute (AGO) CLIP identified common 3' untranslated region (UTR) targets, which were down-regulated in NOVA1 knockdown GBM cells, indicating a transcriptome-wide intersection of NOVA1 and AGO-microRNA (miRNA) targets regulation. NOVA1 binding to 3'UTR targets stabilized transcripts including those encoding cholesterol homeostasis related proteins. Selective inhibition of NOVA1-RNA interactions with antisense oligonucleotides disrupted GBM cancer cell fitness. The precision of our GBM CLIP studies point to both mechanism and precise RNA sequence sites to selectively inhibit oncogenic NOVA1-RNA interactions. Taken together, we find that NOVA1 is commonly overexpressed in GBM, where it can antagonize AGO2-miRNA actions and consequently up-regulates cholesterol synthesis, promoting cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhki Saito
- HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Yanhong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065
| | - Misa Saito
- HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Christopher Y Park
- HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Kosuke Funato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065
| | - Viviane Tabar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065
| | - Robert B Darnell
- HHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
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F De Jesus D, Zhang Z, Brown NK, Li X, Xiao L, Hu J, Gaffrey MJ, Fogarty G, Kahraman S, Wei J, Basile G, Rana TM, Mathews C, Powers AC, Parent AV, Atkinson MA, Dhe-Paganon S, Eizirik DL, Qian WJ, He C, Kulkarni RN. Redox regulation of m 6A methyltransferase METTL3 in β-cells controls the innate immune response in type 1 diabetes. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:421-437. [PMID: 38409327 PMCID: PMC11042681 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Several observations have renewed the interest in β-cell RNA sensors and editors. Here, we report that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an adaptive β-cell safeguard mechanism that controls the amplitude and duration of the antiviral innate immune response at T1D onset. m6A writer methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) levels increase drastically in β-cells at T1D onset but rapidly decline with disease progression. m6A sequencing revealed the m6A hypermethylation of several key innate immune mediators, including OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and ADAR1 in human islets and EndoC-βH1 cells at T1D onset. METTL3 silencing enhanced 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase levels by increasing its mRNA stability. Consistently, in vivo gene therapy to prolong Mettl3 overexpression specifically in β-cells delayed diabetes progression in the non-obese diabetic mouse model of T1D. Mechanistically, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species blocked upregulation of METTL3 in response to cytokines, while physiological levels of nitric oxide enhanced METTL3 levels and activity. Furthermore, we report that the cysteines in position C276 and C326 in the zinc finger domains of the METTL3 protein are sensitive to S-nitrosylation and are important to the METTL3-mediated regulation of oligoadenylate synthase mRNA stability in human β-cells. Collectively, we report that m6A regulates the innate immune response at the β-cell level during the onset of T1D in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F De Jesus
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zijie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalie K Brown
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ling Xiao
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiang Hu
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Garrett Fogarty
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sevim Kahraman
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiangbo Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giorgio Basile
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tariq M Rana
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Clayton Mathews
- Department of Pathology, The University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alvin C Powers
- Department of Medicine, and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Audrey V Parent
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, The University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sirano Dhe-Paganon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Kim YK, Kim YR, Wells KL, Sarbaugh D, Guney M, Tsai CF, Zee T, Karsenty G, Nakayasu ES, Sussel L. PTPN2 Regulates Metabolic Flux to Affect β-Cell Susceptibility to Inflammatory Stress. Diabetes 2024; 73:434-447. [PMID: 38015772 PMCID: PMC10882156 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase N2 (PTPN2) is a type 1 diabetes (T1D) candidate gene identified from human genome-wide association studies. PTPN2 is highly expressed in human and murine islets and becomes elevated upon inflammation and models of T1D, suggesting that PTPN2 may be important for β-cell survival in the context of T1D. To test whether PTPN2 contributed to β-cell dysfunction in an inflammatory environment, we generated a β-cell-specific deletion of Ptpn2 in mice (PTPN2-β knockout [βKO]). Whereas unstressed animals exhibited normal metabolic profiles, low- and high-dose streptozotocin-treated PTPN2-βKO mice displayed hyperglycemia and accelerated death, respectively. Furthermore, cytokine-treated Ptpn2-KO islets resulted in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, mitochondrial defects, and reduced glucose-induced metabolic flux, suggesting β-cells lacking Ptpn2 are more susceptible to inflammatory stress associated with T1D due to maladaptive metabolic fitness. Consistent with the phenotype, proteomic analysis identified an important metabolic enzyme, ATP-citrate lyase, as a novel PTPN2 substrate. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kyung Kim
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Youngjung Rachel Kim
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Campus, New York, NY
| | - Kristen L. Wells
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Dylan Sarbaugh
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Michelle Guney
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Tiffany Zee
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Campus, New York, NY
| | - Gerard Karsenty
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Campus, New York, NY
| | - Ernesto S. Nakayasu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Lori Sussel
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Campus, New York, NY
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10
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Ghiasi SM, Marchetti P, Piemonti L, Nielsen JH, Porse BT, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Rutter GA. Proinflammatory Cytokines Suppress Nonsense-Mediated RNA Decay to Impair Regulated Transcript Isoform Processing in Pancreatic β-Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.20.572623. [PMID: 38187722 PMCID: PMC10769295 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines are implicated in pancreatic β-cell failure in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and are known to stimulate alternative RNA splicing and the expression of Nonsense-Mediated RNA Decay (NMD) components. Here, we investigate whether cytokines regulate NMD activity and identify transcript isoforms targeted in β-cells. A luciferase-based NMD reporter transiently expressed in rat INS1(832/13), human-derived EndoC-βH3 or dispersed human islet cells is used to examine the effect of proinflammatory cytokines (Cyt) on NMD activity. Gain- or loss-of function of two key NMD components UPF3B and UPF2 is used to reveal the effect of cytokines on cell viability and function. RNA-sequencing and siRNA-mediated silencing are deployed using standard techniques. Cyt attenuate NMD activity in insulin-producing cell lines and primary human β-cells. These effects are found to involve ER stress and are associated with downregulation of UPF3B. Increases or decreases in NMD activity achieved by UPF3B overexpression (OE) or UPF2 silencing, raises or lowers Cyt-induced cell death, respectively, in EndoC-βH3 cells, and are associated with decreased or increased insulin content, respectively. No effects of these manipulations are observed on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that Cyt increase alternative splicing (AS)-induced exon skipping in the transcript isoforms, and this is potentiated by UPF2 silencing. Gene enrichment analysis identifies transcripts regulated by UPF2 silencing whose proteins are localized and/or functional in extracellular matrix (ECM) including the serine protease inhibitor SERPINA1/α-1-antitrypsin, whose silencing sensitises β-cells to Cyt cytotoxicity. Cytokines suppress NMD activity via UPR signalling, potentially serving as a protective response against Cyt-induced NMD component expression. Our findings highlight the central importance of RNA turnover in β-cell responses to inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed. M. Ghiasi
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Jens H. Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Bo T. Porse
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem) Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- CHUM Research Centre (CRCHUM) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, 900 Rue St. Denis, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 637553, Singapore
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11
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Shahedi F, Foma AM, Mahmoudi-Aznaveh A, Mazlomi MA, Azizi Z, Khorramizadeh MR. Differentiation of Pancreatic Beta Cells: Dual Acting of Inflammatory Factors. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:832-839. [PMID: 37150985 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230504093649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, scientists have made outstanding efforts to treat diabetes. However, diabetes treatment is still far from satisfactory due to the complex nature of the disease and the challenges encountered in resolving it. Inflammatory factors are key regulators of the immune system's response to pathological insults, organ neogenesis, rejuvenation of novel cells to replace injured cells and overwhelming disease conditions. Currently, the available treatments for type 1 diabetes include daily insulin injection, pancreatic beta cell or tissue transplantation, and gene therapy. Cell therapy, exploiting differentiation, and reprogramming various types of cells to generate pancreatic insulin-producing cells are novel approaches for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. A better understanding of the inflammatory pathways offers valuable and improved therapeutic options to provide more advanced and better treatments for diabetes. In this review, we investigated different types of inflammatory factors that participate in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, their possible dual impacts on the differentiation, reprogramming, and fusion of other stem cell lines into pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells, and the possibility of applying these factors to improve the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Shahedi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arron Munggela Foma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Mahmoudi-Aznaveh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mazlomi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Azizi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khorramizadeh
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular- Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Martemucci G, Fracchiolla G, Muraglia M, Tardugno R, Dibenedetto RS, D’Alessandro AG. Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review from the Oxidative Stress to the Management of Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2091. [PMID: 38136211 PMCID: PMC10740837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as diabesity, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. All biochemical changes observed in MS, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, endothelial cell function and intestinal microbiota, promote pathological bridges between metabolic syndrome, diabesity and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarise metabolic syndrome's involvement in diabesity and highlight the link between MS and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. A better understanding of MS could promote a novel strategic approach to reduce MS comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Martemucci
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Marilena Muraglia
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Savina Dibenedetto
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
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13
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Thomaidou S, Munoz Garcia A, de Lange S, Gan J, van der Slik AR, Hoeben RC, Roep BO, Carlotti F, Zaldumbide A. IFNɣ but not IFNα increases recognition of insulin defective ribosomal product-derived antigen to amplify islet autoimmunity. Diabetologia 2023; 66:2075-2086. [PMID: 37581620 PMCID: PMC10542729 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The inflammatory milieu characteristic of insulitis affects translation fidelity and generates defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) that participate in autoimmune beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes. Here, we studied the role of early innate cytokines (IFNα) and late immune adaptive events (IFNɣ) in insulin DRiP-derived peptide presentation to diabetogenic CD8+ T cells. METHODS Single-cell transcriptomics of human pancreatic islets was used to study the composition of the (immuno)proteasome. Specific inhibition of the immunoproteasome catalytic subunits was achieved using siRNA, and antigenic peptide presentation at the cell surface of the human beta cell line EndoC-βH1 was monitored using peptide-specific CD8 T cells. RESULTS We found that IFNγ induces the expression of the PSMB10 transcript encoding the β2i catalytic subunit of the immunoproteasome in endocrine beta cells, revealing a critical role in insulin DRiP-derived peptide presentation to T cells. Moreover, we showed that PSMB10 is upregulated in a beta cell subset that is preferentially destroyed in the pancreases of individuals with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data highlight the role of the degradation machinery in beta cell immunogenicity and emphasise the need for evaluation of targeted immunoproteasome inhibitors to limit beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes. DATA AVAILABILITY The single-cell RNA-seq dataset is available from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) using the accession number GSE218316 ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE218316 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Thomaidou
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Amadeo Munoz Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine de Lange
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jin Gan
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arno R van der Slik
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart O Roep
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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14
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Riaz F, Wei P, Pan F. PPARs at the crossroads of T cell differentiation and type 1 diabetes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1292238. [PMID: 37928539 PMCID: PMC10623333 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1292238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell-mediated autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells (β-cells). The increasing prevalence of T1D poses significant challenges to the healthcare system, particularly in countries with struggling economies. This review paper highlights the multifaceted roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) in the context of T1D, shedding light on their potential as regulators of immune responses and β-cell biology. Recent research has elucidated the intricate interplay between CD4+ T cell subsets, such as Tregs and Th17, in developing autoimmune diseases like T1D. Th17 cells drive inflammation, while Tregs exert immunosuppressive functions, highlighting the delicate balance crucial for immune homeostasis. Immunotherapy has shown promise in reinstating self-tolerance and restricting the destruction of autoimmune responses, but further investigations are required to refine these therapeutic strategies. Intriguingly, PPARs, initially recognized for their role in lipid metabolism, have emerged as potent modulators of inflammation in autoimmune diseases, particularly in T1D. Although evidence suggests that PPARs affect the β-cell function, their influence on T-cell responses and their potential impact on T1D remains largely unexplored. It was noted that PPARα is involved in restricting the transcription of IL17A and enhancing the expression of Foxp3 by minimizing its proteasomal degradation. Thus, antagonizing PPARs may exert beneficial effects in regulating the differentiation of CD4+ T cells and preventing T1D. Therefore, this review advocates for comprehensive investigations to delineate the precise roles of PPARs in T1D pathogenesis, offering innovative therapeutic avenues that target both the immune system and pancreatic function. This review paper seeks to bridge the knowledge gap between PPARs, immune responses, and T1D, providing insights that may revolutionize the treatment landscape for this autoimmune disorder. Moreover, further studies involving PPAR agonists in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice hold promise for developing novel T1D therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Riaz
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
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15
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Ren X, Dai Y, Shan M, Zheng J, Zhang Z, Shen T. Astragalus polysaccharide restores insulin secretion impaired by lipopolysaccharides through the protein kinase B /mammalian target of rapamycin/glucose transporter 2 pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37817130 PMCID: PMC10563267 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells leads to impaired insulin (INS) secretion. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a bioactive heteropolysaccharide extracted from Astragalus membranaceus and is a popular Chinese herbal medicine. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which APS affects INS secretion from β-cells under LPS stress. METHODS Rat insulinoma (INS-1) cells were treated with LPS at a low, medium, or high concentration of APS. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Transcriptome sequencing was used to assess genome-wide gene expression. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was used to determine the signaling pathways affected by APS. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the gene expression of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), glucokinase (GCK), pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), and INS. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), total Akt (t-Akt), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), total mTOR (t-mTOR), and GLUT2. RESULTS LPS decreased GLUT2, GCK, PDX-1, and INS expression and reduced GSIS. These LPS-induced decreases in gene expression and GSIS were restored by APS treatment. In addition, transcriptome sequencing in combination with KEGG enrichment analysis revealed changes in the INS signaling pathway following APS treatment. LPS decreased p-Akt and p-mTOR expression, which was restored by APS treatment. The restorative effects of APS on GSIS as well as on the expression of GLUT2, GCK, PDX-1, and INS were abolished by treatment with the Akt inhibitor MK2206 or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (RPM). CONCLUSIONS APS restored GSIS in LPS-stimulated pancreatic β-cells by activating the Akt/mTOR/GLUT2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Ren
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37, Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District, 610075, 610075, Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Dai
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengya Shan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37, Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District, 610075, 610075, Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37, Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District, 610075, 610075, Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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16
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Felton JL, Griffin KJ, Oram RA, Speake C, Long SA, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Rich SS, Monaco GSF, Evans-Molina C, DiMeglio LA, Ismail HM, Steck AK, Dabelea D, Johnson RK, Urazbayeva M, Gitelman S, Wentworth JM, Redondo MJ, Sims EK. Disease-modifying therapies and features linked to treatment response in type 1 diabetes prevention: a systematic review. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:130. [PMID: 37794169 PMCID: PMC10550983 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. Prevention efforts have focused on immune modulation and supporting beta cell health before or around diagnosis; however, heterogeneity in disease progression and therapy response has limited translation to clinical practice, highlighting the need for precision medicine approaches to T1D disease modification. METHODS To understand the state of knowledge in this area, we performed a systematic review of randomized-controlled trials with ≥50 participants cataloged in PubMed or Embase from the past 25 years testing T1D disease-modifying therapies and/or identifying features linked to treatment response, analyzing bias using a Cochrane-risk-of-bias instrument. RESULTS We identify and summarize 75 manuscripts, 15 describing 11 prevention trials for individuals with increased risk for T1D, and 60 describing treatments aimed at preventing beta cell loss at disease onset. Seventeen interventions, mostly immunotherapies, show benefit compared to placebo (only two prior to T1D onset). Fifty-seven studies employ precision analyses to assess features linked to treatment response. Age, beta cell function measures, and immune phenotypes are most frequently tested. However, analyses are typically not prespecified, with inconsistent methods of reporting, and tend to report positive findings. CONCLUSIONS While the quality of prevention and intervention trials is overall high, the low quality of precision analyses makes it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions that inform clinical practice. To facilitate precision medicine approaches to T1D prevention, considerations for future precision studies include the incorporation of uniform outcome measures, reproducible biomarkers, and prespecified, fully powered precision analyses into future trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Felton
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kurt J Griffin
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Richard A Oram
- NIHR Exeter Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Academic Kidney Unit, University of Exeter, Devon, UK
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, Devon, UK
- Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Cate Speake
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Alice Long
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Gabriela S F Monaco
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Linda A DiMeglio
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Heba M Ismail
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Randi K Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Stephen Gitelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Center; University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John M Wentworth
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne Department of Medicine, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Maria J Redondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emily K Sims
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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17
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Weldemariam MM, Sudhir PR, Woo J, Zhang Q. Effects of multiple stressors on pancreatic human islets proteome reveal new insights into the pathways involved. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2300022. [PMID: 37489002 PMCID: PMC10591809 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is an early hallmark of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Among the potentially critical factors that cause β-cell dysfunction are cytokine attack, glucotoxicity, induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or mitochondria stress. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying β-cell's inability to maintain glucose homeostasis under severe stresses is unknown. This study used proinflammatory cytokines, thapsigargin, and rotenone in the presence of high concentration glucose to mimicking the conditions experienced by dysfunctional β-cells in human pancreatic islets, and profiled the alterations to the islet proteome with TMT-based proteomics. The results were further verified with label-free quantitative proteomics. The differentially expressed proteins under stress conditions reveal that immune related pathways are mostly perturbed by cytokines, while the respiratory electron transport chains and protein processing in ER pathways by rotenone. Thapsigargin together with high glucose induces dramatic increases of proteins in lipid synthesis and peroxisomal protein import pathways, with energy metabolism and vesicle secretion related pathways downregulated. High concentration glucose, on the other hand, alleviated complex I inhibition induced by rotenone. Our results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular events involved in β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehari Muuz Weldemariam
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Putty-Reddy Sudhir
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Jongmin Woo
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Qibin Zhang
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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18
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Sionov RV, Ahdut-HaCohen R. A Supportive Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Insulin-Producing Langerhans Islets with a Specific Emphasis on The Secretome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2558. [PMID: 37761001 PMCID: PMC10527322 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a gradual destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the endocrine pancreas due to innate and specific immune responses, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. T1D patients usually require regular insulin injections after meals to maintain normal serum glucose levels. In severe cases, pancreas or Langerhans islet transplantation can assist in reaching a sufficient β-mass to normalize glucose homeostasis. The latter procedure is limited because of low donor availability, high islet loss, and immune rejection. There is still a need to develop new technologies to improve islet survival and implantation and to keep the islets functional. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells with high plasticity that can support human pancreatic islet function both in vitro and in vivo and islet co-transplantation with MSCs is more effective than islet transplantation alone in attenuating diabetes progression. The beneficial effect of MSCs on islet function is due to a combined effect on angiogenesis, suppression of immune responses, and secretion of growth factors essential for islet survival and function. In this review, various aspects of MSCs related to islet function and diabetes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ronit Ahdut-HaCohen
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Medical Research, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Department of Science, The David Yellin Academic College of Education, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel
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19
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Hammad SM, Lopes-Virella MF. Circulating Sphingolipids in Insulin Resistance, Diabetes and Associated Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14015. [PMID: 37762318 PMCID: PMC10531201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids play an important role in the development of diabetes, both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as in the development of both micro- and macro-vascular complications. Several reviews have been published concerning the role of sphingolipids in diabetes but most of the emphasis has been on the possible mechanisms by which sphingolipids, mainly ceramides, contribute to the development of diabetes. Research on circulating levels of the different classes of sphingolipids in serum and in lipoproteins and their importance as biomarkers to predict not only the development of diabetes but also of its complications has only recently emerged and it is still in its infancy. This review summarizes the previously published literature concerning sphingolipid-mediated mechanisms involved in the development of diabetes and its complications, focusing on how circulating plasma sphingolipid levels and the relative content carried by the different lipoproteins may impact their role as possible biomarkers both in the development of diabetes and mainly in the development of diabetic complications. Further studies in this field may open new therapeutic avenues to prevent or arrest/reduce both the development of diabetes and progression of its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar M. Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Maria F. Lopes-Virella
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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20
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Atkinson MA, Mirmira RG. The pathogenic "symphony" in type 1 diabetes: A disorder of the immune system, β cells, and exocrine pancreas. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1500-1518. [PMID: 37478842 PMCID: PMC10529265 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is widely considered to result from the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β cells. This concept has been a central tenet for decades of attempts seeking to decipher the disorder's pathogenesis and prevent/reverse the disease. Recently, this and many other disease-related notions have come under increasing question, particularly given knowledge gained from analyses of human T1D pancreas. Perhaps most crucial are findings suggesting that a collective of cellular constituents-immune, endocrine, and exocrine in origin-mechanistically coalesce to facilitate T1D. This review considers these emerging concepts, from basic science to clinical research, and identifies several key remaining knowledge voids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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21
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Cantley J, Eizirik DL, Latres E, Dayan CM. Islet cells in human type 1 diabetes: from recent advances to novel therapies - a symposium-based roadmap for future research. J Endocrinol 2023; 259:e230082. [PMID: 37493471 PMCID: PMC10502961 DOI: 10.1530/joe-23-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing understanding that the early phases of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are characterised by a deleterious dialogue between the pancreatic beta cells and the immune system. This, combined with the urgent need to better translate this growing knowledge into novel therapies, provided the background for the JDRF-DiabetesUK-INNODIA-nPOD symposium entitled 'Islet cells in human T1D: from recent advances to novel therapies', which took place in Stockholm, Sweden, in September 2022. We provide in this article an overview of the main themes addressed in the symposium, pointing to both promising conclusions and key unmet needs that remain to be addressed in order to achieve better approaches to prevent or reverse T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cantley
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - D L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles Faculté de Médecine, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - E Latres
- JDRF International, New York, NY, USA
| | - C M Dayan
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - the JDRF-DiabetesUK-INNODIA-nPOD Stockholm Symposium 2022
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles Faculté de Médecine, Bruxelles, Belgium
- JDRF International, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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22
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Martín-Vázquez E, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, López-Noriega L, Lorenzo PI, Gauthier BR. The PTGS2/COX2-PGE 2 signaling cascade in inflammation: Pro or anti? A case study with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:4157-4165. [PMID: 37705740 PMCID: PMC10496497 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins are lipid mediators involved in physiological processes, such as constriction or dilation of blood vessels, but also pathophysiological processes, which include inflammation, pain and fever. They are produced by almost all cell types in the organism by activation of Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthases/Cyclooxygenases. The inducible Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase 2/Cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2/COX2) plays an important role in pathologies associated with inflammatory signaling. The main product derived from PTGS2/COX2 expression and activation is Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which promotes a wide variety of tissue-specific effects, pending environmental inputs. One of the major sources of PGE2 are infiltrating inflammatory cells - the production of this molecule increases drastically in damaged tissues. Immune infiltration is a hallmark of type 1 diabetes mellitus, a multifactorial disease that leads to autoimmune-mediated pancreatic beta cell destruction. Controversial effects for the PTGS2/COX2-PGE2 signaling cascade in pancreatic islet cells subjected to diabetogenic conditions have been reported, allocating PGE2 as both, cause and consequence of inflammation. Herein, we review the main effects of this molecular pathway in a tissue-specific manner, with a special emphasis on beta cell mass protection/destruction and its potential role in the prevention or development of T1DM. We also discuss strategies to target this pathway for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Martín-Vázquez
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Livia López-Noriega
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Petra I. Lorenzo
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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23
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Urizar AI, Prause M, Ingerslev LR, Wortham M, Sui Y, Sander M, Williams K, Barrès R, Larsen MR, Christensen GL, Billestrup N. Beta cell dysfunction induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 is associated with histone modifications and decreased NeuroD1 chromatin binding. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:399. [PMID: 37407581 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient insulin secretion is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes and has been attributed to beta cell identity loss characterized by decreased expression of several key beta cell genes. The pro-inflammatory factor BMP-2 is upregulated in islets of Langerhans from individuals with diabetes and acts as an inhibitor of beta cell function and proliferation. Exposure to BMP-2 induces expression of Id1-4, Hes-1, and Hey-1 which are transcriptional regulators associated with loss of differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which BMP-2 induces beta cell dysfunction and loss of cell maturity. Mouse islets exposed to BMP-2 for 10 days showed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and beta cell proliferation. BMP-2-induced beta cell dysfunction was associated with decreased expression of cell maturity and proliferation markers specific to the beta cell such as Ins1, Ucn3, and Ki67 and increased expression of Id1-4, Hes-1, and Hey-1. The top 30 most regulated proteins significantly correlated with corresponding mRNA expression. BMP-2-induced gene expression changes were associated with a predominant reduction in acetylation of H3K27 and a decrease in NeuroD1 chromatin binding activity. These results show that BMP-2 induces loss of beta cell maturity and suggest that remodeling of H3K27ac and decreased NeuroD1 DNA binding activity participate in the effect of BMP-2 on beta cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michala Prause
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Roed Ingerslev
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew Wortham
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yinghui Sui
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kristine Williams
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Romain Barrès
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Nice Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Nils Billestrup
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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24
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Eizirik DL, Szymczak F, Mallone R. Why does the immune system destroy pancreatic β-cells but not α-cells in type 1 diabetes? Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:425-434. [PMID: 37072614 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00826-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
A perplexing feature of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is that the immune system destroys pancreatic β-cells but not neighbouring α-cells, even though both β-cells and α-cells are dysfunctional. Dysfunction, however, progresses to death only for β-cells. Recent findings indicate important differences between these two cell types. First, expression of BCL2L1, a key antiapoptotic gene, is higher in α-cells than in β-cells. Second, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes are differentially expressed, with higher expression levels of pro-apoptotic CHOP in β-cells than in α-cells and higher expression levels of HSPA5 (which encodes the protective chaperone BiP) in α-cells than in β-cells. Third, expression of viral recognition and innate immune response genes is higher in α-cells than in β-cells, contributing to the enhanced resistance of α-cells to coxsackievirus infection. Fourth, expression of the immune-inhibitory HLA-E molecule is higher in α-cells than in β-cells. Of note, α-cells are less immunogenic than β-cells, and the CD8+ T cells invading the islets in T1D are reactive to pre-proinsulin but not to glucagon. We suggest that this finding is a result of the enhanced capacity of the α-cell to endure viral infections and ER stress, which enables them to better survive early stressors that can cause cell death and consequently amplify antigen presentation to the immune system. Moreover, the processing of the pre-proglucagon precursor in enteroendocrine cells might favour immune tolerance towards this potential self-antigen compared to pre-proinsulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decio L Eizirik
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Center for Diabetes Research and Welbio, Medical Faculty, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Florian Szymczak
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Center for Diabetes Research and Welbio, Medical Faculty, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roberto Mallone
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie et Immunologie Clinique, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
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25
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Quattrin T, Mastrandrea LD, Walker LSK. Type 1 diabetes. Lancet 2023; 401:2149-2162. [PMID: 37030316 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00223-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Individuals with type 1 diabetes are reliant on insulin for survival. Despite enhanced knowledge related to the pathophysiology of the disease, including interactions between genetic, immune, and environmental contributions, and major strides in treatment and management, disease burden remains high. Studies aimed at blocking the immune attack on β cells in people at risk or individuals with very early onset type 1 diabetes show promise in preserving endogenous insulin production. This Seminar will review the field of type 1 diabetes, highlighting recent progress within the past 5 years, challenges to clinical care, and future directions in research, including strategies to prevent, manage, and cure the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Quattrin
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Diabetes Center, John R Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Lucy D Mastrandrea
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Diabetes Center, John R Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lucy S K Walker
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
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26
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Castellá M, Blasco-Roset A, Peyrou M, Gavaldà-Navarro A, Villarroya J, Quesada-López T, Lorente-Poch L, Sancho J, Szymczak F, Piron A, Rodríguez-Fernández S, Carobbio S, Goday A, Domingo P, Vidal-Puig A, Giralt M, Eizirik DL, Villarroya F, Cereijo R. Adipose tissue plasticity in pheochromocytoma patients suggests a role of the splicing machinery in human adipose browning. iScience 2023; 26:106847. [PMID: 37250773 PMCID: PMC10209542 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue from pheochromocytoma patients acquires brown fat features, making it a valuable model for studying the mechanisms that control thermogenic adipose plasticity in humans. Transcriptomic analyses revealed a massive downregulation of splicing machinery components and splicing regulatory factors in browned adipose tissue from patients, with upregulation of a few genes encoding RNA-binding proteins potentially involved in splicing regulation. These changes were also observed in cell culture models of human brown adipocyte differentiation, confirming a potential involvement of splicing in the cell-autonomous control of adipose browning. The coordinated changes in splicing are associated with a profound modification in the expression levels of splicing-driven transcript isoforms for genes involved in the specialized metabolism of brown adipocytes and those encoding master transcriptional regulators of adipose browning. Splicing control appears to be a relevant component of the coordinated gene expression changes that allow human adipose tissue to acquire a brown phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Castellá
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Blasco-Roset
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marion Peyrou
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Quesada-López
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Juan Sancho
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florian Szymczak
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anthony Piron
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sonia Rodríguez-Fernández
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge 289, UK
| | - Stefania Carobbio
- Bases Moleculares de Patologías Humanas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology Service, Hospital del Mar, IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Pere Domingo
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge 289, UK
| | - Marta Giralt
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Décio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Cereijo
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Syed F, Krishnan P, Chang G, Langlais SR, Hati S, Yamada K, Lam AK, Talware S, Liu X, Sardar R, Liu J, Mirmira RG, Evans-Molina C. β Cell microRNAs Function as Molecular Hubs of Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis and as Biomarkers of Diabetes Risk. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.15.545170. [PMID: 37398133 PMCID: PMC10312758 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.15.545170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in modulating gene expression and are enriched in cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). We investigated whether miRNAs from human islets and islet-derived EVs could provide insight into β cell stress pathways activated during type 1 diabetes (T1D) evolution, therefore serving as potential disease biomarkers. We treated human islets from 10 cadaveric donors with IL-1β and IFN-γ to model T1D ex vivo. MicroRNAs were isolated from islets and islet-derived EVs, and small RNA sequencing was performed. We found 20 and 14 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in cytokine- versus control-treated islets and EVs, respectively. Interestingly, the miRNAs found in EVs were mostly different from those found in islets. Only two miRNAs, miR-155-5p and miR-146a-5p, were upregulated in both islets and EVs, suggesting selective sorting of miRNAs into EVs. We used machine learning algorithms to rank DE EV-associated miRNAs, and developed custom label-free Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-based biosensors to measure top ranked EVs in human plasma. Results from this analysis revealed that miR-155, miR-146, miR-30c, and miR-802 were upregulated and miR-124-3p was downregulated in plasma-derived EVs from children with recent-onset T1D. In addition, miR-146 and miR-30c were upregulated in plasma-derived EVs of autoantibody positive (AAb+) children compared to matched non-diabetic controls, while miR-124 was downregulated in both T1D and AAb+ groups. Furthermore, single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed increased expression of the most highly upregulated islet miRNA, miR-155, in pancreatic sections from organ donors with AAb+ and T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Syed
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Preethi Krishnan
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Garrick Chang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Sarah R. Langlais
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Sumon Hati
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Kentaro Yamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Anh K. Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sayali Talware
- School for Informatics and Computer, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Rajesh Sardar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | | | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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28
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Mameli C, Triolo TM, Chiarelli F, Rewers M, Zuccotti G, Simmons KM. Lessons and Gaps in the Prediction and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2023; 193:106792. [PMID: 37201589 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a serious chronic autoimmune condition. Even though the root cause of T1D development has yet to be determined, enough is known about the natural history of T1D pathogenesis to allow study of interventions that may delay or even prevent the onset of hyperglycemia and clinical T1D. Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of beta cell autoimmunity in asymptomatic people at high genetic risk for T1D. Secondary prevention strategies aim to preserve functional beta cells once autoimmunity is present, and tertiary prevention aims to initiate and extend partial remission of beta cell destruction after the clinical onset of T1D. The approval of teplizumab in the United States to delay the onset of clinical T1D marks an impressive milestone in diabetes care. This treatment opens the door to a paradigm shift in T1D care. People with T1D risk need to be identified early by measuring T1D related islet autoantibodies. Identifying people with T1D before they have symptoms will facilitate better understanding of pre-symptomatic T1D progression and T1D prevention strategies that may be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Taylor M Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Marian Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Kimber M Simmons
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
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29
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Wang Y, Zhao J, Gu Y, Wang H, Jiang M, Zhao S, Qing H, Ni J. Cathepsin H: molecular characteristics and clues to function and mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115585. [PMID: 37148981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin H (CatH) is a lysosomal cysteine protease with a unique aminopeptidase activity that is extensively expressed in the lung, pancreas, thymus, kidney, liver, skin, and brain. Owing to its specific enzymatic activity, CatH has critical effects on the regulation of biological behaviours of cancer cells and pathological processes in brain diseases. Moreover, a neutral pH level is optimal for CatH activity, so it is expected to be active in the extra-lysosomal and extracellular space. In the present review, we describe the expression, maturation, and enzymatic properties of CatH, and summarize the available experimental evidence that mechanistically links CatH to various physiological and pathological processes. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potentials of CatH inhibitors in CatH-induced disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Aerospace Medical Center, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yebo Gu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muzhou Jiang
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Shuxuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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30
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van Tienhoven R, Kracht MJL, van der Slik AR, Thomaidou S, Wolters AHG, Giepmans BNG, Riojas JPR, Nelson MS, Carlotti F, de Koning EJP, Hoeben RC, Zaldumbide A, Roep BO. Presence of immunogenic alternatively spliced insulin gene product in human pancreatic delta cells. Diabetologia 2023; 66:884-896. [PMID: 36884057 PMCID: PMC10036285 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Transcriptome analyses revealed insulin-gene-derived transcripts in non-beta endocrine islet cells. We studied alternative splicing of human INS mRNA in pancreatic islets. METHODS Alternative splicing of insulin pre-mRNA was determined by PCR analysis performed on human islet RNA and single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Antisera were generated to detect insulin variants in human pancreatic tissue using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and single-cell western blot to confirm the expression of insulin variants. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activation was determined by MIP-1β release. RESULTS We identified an alternatively spliced INS product. This variant encodes the complete insulin signal peptide and B chain and an alternative C-terminus that largely overlaps with a previously identified defective ribosomal product of INS. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the translation product of this INS-derived splice transcript was detectable in somatostatin-producing delta cells but not in beta cells; this was confirmed by light and electron microscopy. Expression of this alternatively spliced INS product activated preproinsulin-specific CTLs in vitro. The exclusive presence of this alternatively spliced INS product in delta cells may be explained by its clearance from beta cells by insulin-degrading enzyme capturing its insulin B chain fragment and a lack of insulin-degrading enzyme expression in delta cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data demonstrate that delta cells can express an INS product derived from alternative splicing, containing both the diabetogenic insulin signal peptide and B chain, in their secretory granules. We propose that this alternative INS product may play a role in islet autoimmunity and pathology, as well as endocrine or paracrine function or islet development and endocrine destiny, and transdifferentiation between endocrine cells. INS promoter activity is not confined to beta cells and should be used with care when assigning beta cell identity and selectivity. DATA AVAILABILITY The full EM dataset is available via www.nanotomy.org (for review: http://www.nanotomy.org/OA/Tienhoven2021SUB/6126-368/ ). Single-cell RNA-seq data was made available by Segerstolpe et al [13] and can be found at https://sandberglab.se/pancreas . The RNA and protein sequence of INS-splice was uploaded to GenBank (BankIt2546444 INS-splice OM489474).
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Affiliation(s)
- René van Tienhoven
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Discovery Science, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Maria J L Kracht
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arno R van der Slik
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sofia Thomaidou
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk H G Wolters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michael S Nelson
- Light Microscopy Core, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eelco J P de Koning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart O Roep
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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31
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Felton JL, Griffin KJ, Oram RA, Speake C, Long SA, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Rich SS, Monaco GS, Evans-Molina C, DiMeglio LA, Ismail HM, Steck AK, Dabelea D, Johnson RK, Urazbayeva M, Gitelman S, Wentworth JM, Redondo MJ, Sims EK. Type 1 Diabetes Prevention: a systematic review of studies testing disease-modifying therapies and features linked to treatment response. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.12.23288421. [PMID: 37131690 PMCID: PMC10153317 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.12.23288421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. Efforts to prevent T1D have focused on modulating immune responses and supporting beta cell health; however, heterogeneity in disease progression and responses to therapies have made these efforts difficult to translate to clinical practice, highlighting the need for precision medicine approaches to T1D prevention. Methods To understand the current state of knowledge regarding precision approaches to T1D prevention, we performed a systematic review of randomized-controlled trials from the past 25 years testing disease-modifying therapies in T1D and/or identifying features linked to treatment response, analyzing bias using a Cochrane-risk-of-bias instrument. Results We identified 75 manuscripts, 15 describing 11 prevention trials for individuals with increased risk for T1D, and 60 describing treatments aimed at preventing beta cell loss in individuals at disease onset. Seventeen agents tested, mostly immunotherapies, showed benefit compared to placebo (only two prior to T1D onset). Fifty-seven studies employed precision analyses to assess features linked to treatment response. Age, measures of beta cell function and immune phenotypes were most frequently tested. However, analyses were typically not prespecified, with inconsistent methods reporting, and tended to report positive findings. Conclusions While the quality of prevention and intervention trials was overall high, low quality of precision analyses made it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions that inform clinical practice. Thus, prespecified precision analyses should be incorporated into the design of future studies and reported in full to facilitate precision medicine approaches to T1D prevention. Plain Language Summary Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, necessitating lifelong insulin dependence. T1D prevention remains an elusive goal, largely due to immense variability in disease progression. Agents tested to date in clinical trials work in a subset of individuals, highlighting the need for precision medicine approaches to prevention. We systematically reviewed clinical trials of disease-modifying therapy in T1D. While age, measures of beta cell function, and immune phenotypes were most commonly identified as factors that influenced treatment response, the overall quality of these studies was low. This review reveals an important need to proactively design clinical trials with well-defined analyses to ensure that results can be interpreted and applied to clinical practice.
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32
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Ghosh A, Peyot ML, Leung YH, Ravenelle F, Madiraju SRM, Prentki M. A peripherally restricted cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonist promotes insulin secretion and protects from cytokine toxicity in human pancreatic islets. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 944:175589. [PMID: 36773683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The cannabinoid receptor CB1R is expressed in pancreatic β-cells; CB1R increased activity is associated with diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disorders as well as decreased insulin secretion and insulin resistance. CB1R was shown to signal through G-protein coupling as well as β-arrestins in β-cells. Peripherally restricted CB1R inverse agonists purportedly have beneficial effects on insulin secretion in β-cells, without the unwanted effects in the central nervous system. Here we show that a peripherally restricted CB1R inverse agonist, MRI-1891, augments glucose stimulated insulin secretion in isolated human pancreatic islets and mouse islets. The insulin secretion enhancing effect of MRI-1891 is comparable to exendin-4, an analogue of the glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP1). Moreover, MRI-1891 treatment protects isolated human islet cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis, similar to exendin-4. Thus, MRI-1891, a new class of CB1R inverse agonist, may be considered a potential therapeutic for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes because of its ability to protect pancreatic β-cells from cytokine toxicity and to promote insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Ghosh
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Marie-Line Peyot
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Yat Hei Leung
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - François Ravenelle
- Inversago Pharma Inc., 1100 Rene-Levesque West, Suite 1110, Montreal, QC, H3B 4N4, Canada
| | - S R Murthy Madiraju
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
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Mohammadi-Motlagh HR, Sadeghalvad M, Yavari N, Primavera R, Soltani S, Chetty S, Ganguly A, Regmi S, Fløyel T, Kaur S, Mirza AH, Thakor AS, Pociot F, Yarani R. β Cell and Autophagy: What Do We Know? Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040649. [PMID: 37189396 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells are central to glycemic regulation through insulin production. Studies show autophagy as an essential process in β cell function and fate. Autophagy is a catabolic cellular process that regulates cell homeostasis by recycling surplus or damaged cell components. Impaired autophagy results in β cell loss of function and apoptosis and, as a result, diabetes initiation and progress. It has been shown that in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and high metabolic demands, autophagy affects β cell function, insulin synthesis, and secretion. This review highlights recent evidence regarding how autophagy can affect β cells' fate in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Furthermore, we discuss the role of important intrinsic and extrinsic autophagy modulators, which can lead to β cell failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid-Reza Mohammadi-Motlagh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67155-1616, Iran
| | - Mona Sadeghalvad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran
| | - Niloofar Yavari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Panum Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rosita Primavera
- Interventional Regenerative Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Setareh Soltani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67145-1673, Iran
| | - Shashank Chetty
- Interventional Regenerative Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Abantika Ganguly
- Interventional Regenerative Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Shobha Regmi
- Interventional Regenerative Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Tina Fløyel
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Aashiq H Mirza
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Avnesh S Thakor
- Interventional Regenerative Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reza Yarani
- Interventional Regenerative Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Koppes EA, Johnson MA, Moresco JJ, Luppi P, Lewis DW, Stolz DB, Diedrich JK, Yates JR, Wek RC, Watkins SC, Gollin SM, Park HJ, Drain P, Nicholls RD. Insulin secretion deficits in a Prader-Willi syndrome β-cell model are associated with a concerted downregulation of multiple endoplasmic reticulum chaperones. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010710. [PMID: 37068109 PMCID: PMC10138222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisystem disorder with neurobehavioral, metabolic, and hormonal phenotypes, caused by loss of expression of a paternally-expressed imprinted gene cluster. Prior evidence from a PWS mouse model identified abnormal pancreatic islet development with retention of aged insulin and deficient insulin secretion. To determine the collective roles of PWS genes in β-cell biology, we used genome-editing to generate isogenic, clonal INS-1 insulinoma lines having 3.16 Mb deletions of the silent, maternal- (control) and active, paternal-allele (PWS). PWS β-cells demonstrated a significant cell autonomous reduction in basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Further, proteomic analyses revealed reduced levels of cellular and secreted hormones, including all insulin peptides and amylin, concomitant with reduction of at least ten endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones, including GRP78 and GRP94. Critically, differentially expressed genes identified by whole transcriptome studies included reductions in levels of mRNAs encoding these secreted peptides and the group of ER chaperones. In contrast to the dosage compensation previously seen for ER chaperones in Grp78 or Grp94 gene knockouts or knockdown, compensation is precluded by the stress-independent deficiency of ER chaperones in PWS β-cells. Consistent with reduced ER chaperones levels, PWS INS-1 β-cells are more sensitive to ER stress, leading to earlier activation of all three arms of the unfolded protein response. Combined, the findings suggest that a chronic shortage of ER chaperones in PWS β-cells leads to a deficiency of protein folding and/or delay in ER transit of insulin and other cargo. In summary, our results illuminate the pathophysiological basis of pancreatic β-cell hormone deficits in PWS, with evolutionary implications for the multigenic PWS-domain, and indicate that PWS-imprinted genes coordinate concerted regulation of ER chaperone biosynthesis and β-cell secretory pathway function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A Koppes
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Marie A Johnson
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - James J Moresco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Patrizia Luppi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dale W Lewis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Donna B Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jolene K Diedrich
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ronald C Wek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Susanne M Gollin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Peter Drain
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert D Nicholls
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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35
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Sundaresan B, Shirafkan F, Ripperger K, Rattay K. The Role of Viral Infections in the Onset of Autoimmune Diseases. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030782. [PMID: 36992490 PMCID: PMC10051805 DOI: 10.3390/v15030782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are the consequence of a breach in immune tolerance, leading to the inability to sufficiently differentiate between self and non-self. Immune reactions that are targeted towards self-antigens can ultimately lead to the destruction of the host's cells and the development of autoimmune diseases. Although autoimmune disorders are comparatively rare, the worldwide incidence and prevalence is increasing, and they have major adverse implications for mortality and morbidity. Genetic and environmental factors are thought to be the major factors contributing to the development of autoimmunity. Viral infections are one of the environmental triggers that can lead to autoimmunity. Current research suggests that several mechanisms, such as molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, and bystander activation, can cause viral-induced autoimmunity. Here we describe the latest insights into the pathomechanisms of viral-induced autoimmune diseases and discuss recent findings on COVID-19 infections and the development of AIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Sundaresan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Shirafkan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Ripperger
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Rattay
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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36
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Lichti CF, Wan X. Using mass spectrometry to identify neoantigens in autoimmune diseases: The type 1 diabetes example. Semin Immunol 2023; 66:101730. [PMID: 36827760 PMCID: PMC10324092 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
In autoimmune diseases, recognition of self-antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules elicits unexpected attack of tissue by autoantibodies and/or autoreactive T cells. Post-translational modification (PTM) may alter the MHC-binding motif or TCR contact residues in a peptide antigen, transforming the tolerance to self to autoreactivity. Mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidomics provides a valuable mechanism for identifying MHC ligands that contain PTMs and can thus provide valuable insights into pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune diseases. A plethora of PTMs have been implicated in this process, and this review highlights their formation and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl F Lichti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8118, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Xiaoxiao Wan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Immunobiology, The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8118, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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De Jesus DF, Zhang Z, Brown NK, Li X, Gaffrey MJ, Kahraman S, Wei J, Hu J, Basile G, Xiao L, Rana TM, Mathews C, Powers AC, Atkinson MA, Eizirik DL, Dhe-Paganon S, Parent AV, Qian WJ, He C, Kulkarni RN. Redox Regulation of m 6 A Methyltransferase METTL3 in Human β-cells Controls the Innate Immune Response in Type 1 Diabetes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.16.528701. [PMID: 36824909 PMCID: PMC9948953 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.16.528701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Several observations have renewed interest in the innate immune system as an initiator of the disease process against β-cells. Here, we show that N 6 -Methyladenosine (m 6 A) is an adaptive β-cell safeguard mechanism that accelerates mRNA decay of the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) genes to control the antiviral innate immune response at T1D onset. m 6 A writer methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) levels increase drastically in human and mouse β-cells at T1D onset but rapidly decline with disease progression. Treatment of human islets and EndoC-βH1 cells with pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 β and interferon α mimicked the METTL3 upregulation seen at T1D onset. Furthermore, m 6 A-sequencing revealed the m 6 A hypermethylation of several key innate immune mediators including OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3 in human islets and EndoC-βH1 cells challenged with cytokines. METTL3 silencing in human pseudoislets or EndoC-βH1 cells enhanced OAS levels by increasing its mRNA stability upon cytokine challenge. Consistently, in vivo gene therapy, to prolong Mettl3 overexpression specifically in β-cells, delayed diabetes progression in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D by limiting the upregulation of Oas pointing to potential therapeutic relevance. Mechanistically, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species blocked METTL3 upregulation in response to cytokines, while physiological levels of nitric oxide promoted its expression in human islets. Furthermore, for the first time to our knowledge, we show that the cysteines in position C276 and C326 in the zinc finger domain of the METTL3 protein are sensitive to S-nitrosylation (SNO) and are significant for the METTL3 mediated regulation of OAS mRNA stability in human β-cells in response to cytokines. Collectively, we report that m 6 A regulates human and mouse β-cells to control the innate immune response during the onset of T1D and propose targeting METTL3 to prevent β-cell death in T1D.
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Frørup C, Gerwig R, Svane CAS, Mendes Lopes de Melo J, Henriksen K, Fløyel T, Pociot F, Kaur S, Størling J. Characterization of the functional and transcriptomic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on human EndoC-βH5 beta cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1128523. [PMID: 37113489 PMCID: PMC10126300 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1128523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective EndoC-βH5 is a newly established human beta-cell model which may be superior to previous model systems. Exposure of beta cells to pro-inflammatory cytokines is widely used when studying immune-mediated beta-cell failure in type 1 diabetes. We therefore performed an in-depth characterization of the effects of cytokines on EndoC-βH5 cells. Methods The sensitivity profile of EndoC-βH5 cells to the toxic effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) was examined in titration and time-course experiments. Cell death was evaluated by caspase-3/7 activity, cytotoxicity, viability, TUNEL assay and immunoblotting. Activation of signaling pathways and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I expression were examined by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Insulin and chemokine secretion were measured by ELISA and Meso Scale Discovery multiplexing electrochemiluminescence, respectively. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by extracellular flux technology. Global gene expression was characterized by stranded RNA sequencing. Results Cytokines increased caspase-3/7 activity and cytotoxicity in EndoC-βH5 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The proapoptotic effect of cytokines was primarily driven by IFNγ signal transduction. Cytokine exposure induced MHC-I expression and chemokine production and secretion. Further, cytokines caused impaired mitochondrial function and diminished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Finally, we report significant changes to the EndoC-βH5 transcriptome including upregulation of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and non-coding RNAs, in response to cytokines. Among the differentially expressed genes were several type 1 diabetes risk genes. Conclusion Our study provides detailed insight into the functional and transcriptomic effects of cytokines on EndoC-βH5 cells. This information should be useful for future studies using this novel beta-cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Frørup
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Rebekka Gerwig
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Joana Mendes Lopes de Melo
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kristine Henriksen
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tina Fløyel
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Joachim Størling
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Joachim Størling,
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Guyer P, Arribas-Layton D, Manganaro A, Speake C, Lord S, Eizirik DL, Kent SC, Mallone R, James EA. Recognition of mRNA Splice Variant and Secretory Granule Epitopes by CD4+ T Cells in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2023; 72:85-96. [PMID: 36201618 PMCID: PMC9797322 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A recent discovery effort resulted in identification of novel splice variant and secretory granule antigens within the HLA class I peptidome of human islets and documentation of their recognition by CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood and human islets. In the current study, we applied a systematic discovery process to identify novel CD4+ T cell epitopes derived from these candidate antigens. We predicted 145 potential epitopes spanning unique splice junctions and within conventional secretory granule antigens and measured their in vitro binding to DRB1*04:01. We generated HLA class II tetramers for the 35 peptides with detectable binding and used these to assess immunogenicity and isolate T cell clones. Tetramers corresponding to peptides with verified immunogenicity were then used to label T cells specific for these putative epitopes in peripheral blood. T cells that recognize distinct epitopes derived from a cyclin I splice variant, neuroendocrine convertase 2, and urocortin-3 were detected at frequencies that were similar to those of an immunodominant proinsulin epitope. Cells specific for these novel epitopes predominantly exhibited a Th1-like surface phenotype. Among the three epitopes, responses to the cyclin I peptide exhibited a distinct memory profile. Responses to neuroendocrine convertase 2 were detected among pancreatic infiltrating T cells. These results further establish the contribution of unconventional antigens to the loss of tolerance in autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrin Guyer
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - David Arribas-Layton
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Anthony Manganaro
- Division of Diabetes, Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Cate Speake
- Diabetes Clinical Research Program and Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Sandra Lord
- Diabetes Clinical Research Program and Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Decio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sally C. Kent
- Division of Diabetes, Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Service de Diabétologie et Immunologie Clinique, Cochin Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eddie A. James
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA
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Syed F, Singhal D, Raedschelders K, Krishnan P, Bone RN, McLaughlin MR, Van Eyk JE, Mirmira RG, Yang ML, Mamula MJ, Wu H, Liu X, Evans-Molina C. A discovery-based proteomics approach identifies protein disulphide isomerase (PDIA1) as a biomarker of β cell stress in type 1 diabetes. EBioMedicine 2023; 87:104379. [PMID: 36463755 PMCID: PMC9719098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress responses within the β cell have been linked with both increased β cell death and accelerated immune activation in type 1 diabetes (T1D). At present, information on the timing and scope of these responses as well as disease-related changes in islet β cell protein expression during T1D development is lacking. METHODS Data independent acquisition-mass spectrometry was performed on islets collected longitudinally from NOD mice and NOD-SCID mice rendered diabetic through T cell adoptive transfer. FINDINGS In islets collected from female NOD mice at 10, 12, and 14 weeks of age, we found a time-restricted upregulation of proteins involved in stress mitigation and maintenance of β cell function, followed by loss of expression of protective proteins that heralded diabetes onset. EIF2 signalling and the unfolded protein response, mTOR signalling, mitochondrial function, and oxidative phosphorylation were commonly modulated pathways in both NOD mice and NOD-SCID mice rendered acutely diabetic by T cell adoptive transfer. Protein disulphide isomerase A1 (PDIA1) was upregulated in NOD islets and pancreatic sections from human organ donors with autoantibody positivity or T1D. Moreover, PDIA1 plasma levels were increased in pre-diabetic NOD mice and in the serum of children with recent-onset T1D compared to non-diabetic controls. INTERPRETATION We identified a core set of modulated pathways across distinct mouse models of T1D and identified PDIA1 as a potential human biomarker of β cell stress in T1D. FUNDING NIH (R01DK093954, DK127308, U01DK127786, UC4DK104166, R01DK060581, R01GM118470, and 5T32DK101001-09). VA Merit Award I01BX001733. JDRF (2-SRA-2019-834-S-B, 2-SRA-2018-493-A-B, 3-PDF-20016-199-A-N, 5-CDA-2022-1176-A-N, and 3-PDF-2017-385-A-N).
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Syed
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W Walnut St, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202
| | - Divya Singhal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Alberta, Canada, T2N1N4
| | - Koen Raedschelders
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Precision Health, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center at the Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Suite A9227, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90048
| | - Preethi Krishnan
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W Walnut St, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202
| | - Robert N Bone
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W Walnut St, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202
| | - Madeline R McLaughlin
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Precision Health, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center at the Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Suite A9227, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 90048
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, 900 E 57th St, Chicago, IL, USA, 60637
| | - Mei-Ling Yang
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA, 06510
| | - Mark J Mamula
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA, 06510
| | - Huanmei Wu
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 535 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Department of Health Services Administration and Policy, Temple University College of Public Health, 1101 W. Montgomery Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 19122
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, USA, 70112
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 W Walnut St, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10th St, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202; Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, 1481 W 10th St, Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202.
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Long SA, Buckner JH. Clinical and experimental treatment of type 1 diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:105-113. [PMID: 35980300 PMCID: PMC9750829 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting in the destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Disease progression occurs along a trajectory from genetic risk, the development of islet autoantibodies, and autoreactive T cells ultimately progressing to clinical disease. Natural history studies and mechanistic studies linked to clinical trials have provided insight into the role of the immune system in disease pathogenesis. Here, we review our current understanding of the underlying etiology of T1D, focusing on the immune cell types that have been implicated in progression from pre-symptomatic T1D to clinical diagnosis and established disease. This knowledge has been foundational for the development of immunotherapies aimed at the prevention and treatment of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alice Long
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
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Benaglio P, Zhu H, Okino ML, Yan J, Elgamal R, Nariai N, Beebe E, Korgaonkar K, Qiu Y, Donovan MK, Chiou J, Wang G, Newsome J, Kaur J, Miller M, Preissl S, Corban S, Aylward A, Taipale J, Ren B, Frazer KA, Sander M, Gaulton KJ. Type 1 diabetes risk genes mediate pancreatic beta cell survival in response to proinflammatory cytokines. CELL GENOMICS 2022; 2:100214. [PMID: 36778047 PMCID: PMC9903835 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We combined functional genomics and human genetics to investigate processes that affect type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk by mediating beta cell survival in response to proinflammatory cytokines. We mapped 38,931 cytokine-responsive candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) in beta cells using ATAC-seq and snATAC-seq and linked them to target genes using co-accessibility and HiChIP. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen in EndoC-βH1 cells, we identified 867 genes affecting cytokine-induced survival, and genes promoting survival and up-regulated in cytokines were enriched at T1D risk loci. Using SNP-SELEX, we identified 2,229 variants in cytokine-responsive cCREs altering transcription factor (TF) binding, and variants altering binding of TFs regulating stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were enriched for T1D risk. At the 16p13 locus, a fine-mapped T1D variant altering TF binding in a cytokine-induced cCRE interacted with SOCS1, which promoted survival in cytokine exposure. Our findings reveal processes and genes acting in beta cells during inflammation that modulate T1D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Benaglio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Han Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mei-Lin Okino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jian Yan
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ruth Elgamal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Naoki Nariai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elisha Beebe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katha Korgaonkar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yunjiang Qiu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Joshua Chiou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gaowei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jacklyn Newsome
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sierra Corban
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Aylward
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jussi Taipale
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Genome-Scale Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bing Ren
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kelly A. Frazer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kyle J. Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Stem-Cell-Derived β-Like Cells with a Functional PTPN2 Knockout Display Increased Immunogenicity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233845. [PMID: 36497105 PMCID: PMC9737324 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a polygenic disease that results in an autoimmune response directed against insulin-producing beta cells. PTPN2 is a known high-risk type 1 diabetes associated gene expressed in both immune- and pancreatic beta cells, but how genes affect the development of autoimmune diabetes is largely unknown. We employed CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate a functional knockout of PTPN2 in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) followed by differentiating stem-cell-derived beta-like cells (sBC) and detailed phenotypical analyses. The differentiation efficiency of PTPN2 knockout (PTPN2 KO) sBC is comparable to wild-type (WT) control sBC. Global transcriptomics and protein assays revealed the increased expression of HLA Class I molecules in PTPN2 KO sBC at a steady state and upon exposure to proinflammatory culture conditions, indicating a potential for the increased immune recognition of human beta cells upon differential PTPN2 expression. sBC co-culture with autoreactive preproinsulin-reactive T cell transductants confirmed increased immune stimulations by PTPN2 KO sBC compared to WT sBC. Taken together, our results suggest that the dysregulation of PTPN2 expression in human beta cell may prime autoimmune T cell reactivity and thereby contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes.
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Tran DT, Pottekat A, Lee K, Raghunathan M, Loguercio S, Mir SA, Paton AW, Paton JC, Arvan P, Kaufman RJ, Itkin-Ansari P. Inflammatory Cytokines Rewire the Proinsulin Interaction Network in Human Islets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:3100-3110. [PMID: 36017587 PMCID: PMC10233482 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Aberrant biosynthesis and secretion of the insulin precursor proinsulin occurs in both type I and type II diabetes. Inflammatory cytokines are implicated in pancreatic islet stress and dysfunction in both forms of diabetes, but the mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the effect of the diabetes-associated cytokines on proinsulin folding, trafficking, secretion, and β-cell function. METHODS Human islets were treated with interleukin-1β and interferon-γ for 48 hours, followed by analysis of interleukin-6, nitrite, proinsulin and insulin release, RNA sequencing, and unbiased profiling of the proinsulin interactome by affinity purification-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Cytokine treatment induced secretion of interleukin-6, nitrites, and insulin, as well as aberrant release of proinsulin. RNA sequencing showed that cytokines upregulated genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress, and, consistent with this, affinity purification-mass spectrometry revealed cytokine induced proinsulin binding to multiple endoplasmic reticulum chaperones and oxidoreductases. Moreover, increased binding to the chaperone immunoglobulin binding protein was required to maintain proper proinsulin folding in the inflammatory environment. Cytokines also regulated novel interactions between proinsulin and type 1 and type 2 diabetes genome-wide association studies candidate proteins not previously known to interact with proinsulin (eg, Ataxin-2). Finally, cytokines induced proinsulin interactions with a cluster of microtubule motor proteins and chemical destabilization of microtubules with Nocodazole exacerbated cytokine induced proinsulin secretion. CONCLUSION Together, the data shed new light on mechanisms by which diabetes-associated cytokines dysregulate β-cell function. For the first time, we show that even short-term exposure to an inflammatory environment reshapes proinsulin interactions with critical chaperones and regulators of the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc T Tran
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Plexium, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anita Pottekat
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kouta Lee
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Megha Raghunathan
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Saiful A Mir
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | - Peter Arvan
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Chen H, Peng L, Wang Z, He Y, Tang S, Zhang X. Exploration of cross-talk and pyroptosis-related gene signatures and molecular mechanisms between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus via peripheral blood mononuclear cell microarray data analysis. Cytokine 2022; 159:156014. [PMID: 36084605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This bioinformatics study is aimed at identifying cross-talk genes, pyroptosis-related genes, and related pathways between periodontitis (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM), which includes type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS GEO datasets containing peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) data of PD and DM were acquired. After batch correction and normalization, differential expression analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). And cross-talk genes in the PD-T1DM pair and the PD-T2DM pair were identified by overlapping DEGs with the same trend in each pair. The weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm helped locate the pyroptosis-related genes that are related to cross-talk genes. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis confirmed the predictive accuracy of these hub genes in diagnosing PD and DM. The correlation between hub genes and the immune microenvironment of PBMC in these diseases was investigated by Spearman correlation analysis. The experimentally validated protein-protein interaction (PPI) and gene-pathway network were constructed. Subnetwork analysis helped identify the key pathway connecting DM and PD. RESULTS Hub genes in the PD-T1DM pair (HBD, NLRC4, AIM2, NLRP2) and in the PD-T2DM pair (HBD, IL-1Β, AIM2, NLRP2) were identified. The similarity and difference in the immunocytes infiltration levels and immune pathway scores of PD and DM were observed. ROC analysis showed that AIM2 and HBD exhibited pleasant discrimination ability in all diseases, and the subnetwork of these genes indicated that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway is the most potentially relevant pathway linking PD and DM. CONCLUSION HBD and AIM2 could be the most relevant potential cross-talk and pyroptosis-related genes, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway could be the top candidate molecular mechanism linking PD and DM, supporting a potential pathophysiological relationship between PD and DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, China
| | - Limin Peng
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, China
| | - Zhenxiang Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, China
| | - Yujuan He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Tang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, China.
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Proteomic Profiling of Intra-Islet Features Reveals Substructure-Specific Protein Signatures. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100426. [PMID: 36244662 PMCID: PMC9706166 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their diminutive size, islets of Langerhans play a large role in maintaining systemic energy balance in the body. New technologies have enabled us to go from studying the whole pancreas to isolated whole islets, to partial islet sections, and now to islet substructures isolated from within the islet. Using a microfluidic nanodroplet-based proteomics platform coupled with laser capture microdissection and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry, we present an in-depth investigation of protein profiles specific to features within the islet. These features include the islet-acinar interface vascular tissue, inner islet vasculature, isolated endocrine cells, whole islet with vasculature, and acinar tissue from around the islet. Compared to interface vasculature, unique protein signatures observed in the inner vasculature indicate increased innervation and intra-islet neuron-like crosstalk. We also demonstrate the utility of these data for identifying localized structure-specific drug-target interactions using existing protein/drug binding databases.
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Association of MARC1, ADCY5, and BCO1 Variants with the Lipid Profile, Suggests an Additive Effect for Hypertriglyceridemia in Mexican Adult Men. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911815. [PMID: 36233117 PMCID: PMC9569691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported that the Mexican population is highly susceptible to dyslipidemia. The MARC1, ADCY5, and BCO1 genes have recently been involved in lipidic abnormalities. This study aimed to analyze the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2642438, rs56371916, and rs6564851 on MARC1, ADCY5, and BCO1 genes, respectively, with the lipid profile in a cohort of Mexican adults. We included 1900 Mexican adults from the Health Workers Cohort Study. Demographic and clinical data were collected through a structured questionnaire and standardized procedures. Genotyping was performed using a predesigned TaqMan assay. A genetic risk score (GRS) was created on the basis of the three genetic variants. Associations analysis was estimated using linear and logistic regression. Our results showed that rs2642438-A and rs6564851-A alleles had a risk association for hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.57, p = 0.013; and OR = 1.33, p = 0.031, respectively), and rs56371916-C allele a trend for low HDL-c (OR = 1.27, p = 0.060) only in men. The GRS revealed a significant association for hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 2.23, p = 0.022). These findings provide evidence of an aggregate effect of the MARC1, ADCY5, and BCO1 variants on the risk of hypertriglyceridemia in Mexican men. This knowledge could represent a tool for identifying at-risk males who might benefit from early interventions and avoid secondary metabolic traits.
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Carroll KR, Katz JD. Restoring tolerance to β-cells in Type 1 diabetes: Current and emerging strategies. Cell Immunol 2022; 380:104593. [PMID: 36081179 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from insulin insufficiency due to islet death and dysfunction following T cell-mediated autoimmune attack. The technical feasibility of durable, functional autologous islet restoration is progressing such that it presents the most likely long-term cure for T1D but cannot succeed without the necessary counterpart of clinically effective therapeutic strategies that prevent grafted islets' destruction by pre-existing anti-islet T cells. While advances have been made in broad immunosuppression to lower off-target effects, the risk of opportunistic infections and cancers remains a concern, especially for well-managed T1D patients. Current immunomodulatory strategies in development focus on autologous Treg expansion, treatments to decrease antigen presentation and T effector (Teff) activation, and broad depletion of T cells with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplants. Emerging strategies harnessing the intensified DNA damage response present in expanding T cells, exacerbating their already high sensitivity to apoptosis to abate autoreactive Teff cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin R Carroll
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Jonathan D Katz
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States.
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Nova1 or Bim Deficiency in Pancreatic β-Cells Does Not Alter Multiple Low-Dose Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183866. [PMID: 36145242 PMCID: PMC9500891 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of functional pancreatic β-cell mass is an important hallmark of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The RNA-binding protein NOVA1 is expressed in human and rodent pancreatic β-cells. Previous in vitro studies indicated that NOVA1 is necessary for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and its deficiency-enhanced cytokine-induced apoptosis. Moreover, Bim, a proapoptotic protein, is differentially spliced and potentiates apoptosis in NOVA1-deficient β-cells in culture. We generated two novel mouse models by Cre-Lox technology lacking Nova1 (βNova1-/-) or Bim (βBim-/-) in β-cells. To test the impact of Nova1 or Bim deletion on β-cell function, mice were subjected to multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLD-STZ)-induced diabetes or high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. β-cell-specific Nova1 or Bim deficiency failed to affect diabetes development in response to MLD-STZ-induced β-cell dysfunction and death evidenced by unaltered blood glucose levels and pancreatic insulin content. In addition, body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance test, and pancreatic insulin content were indistinguishable between control and βNova1-/- or βBim-/- mice on a high fat diet. Thus, Nova1 or Bim deletion in β-cells does not impact on glucose homeostasis or diabetes development in mice. Together, these data argue against an in vivo role for the Nova1-Bim axis in β-cells.
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Szymczak F, Alvelos MI, Marín-Cañas S, Castela Â, Demine S, Colli ML, Op de Beeck A, Thomaidou S, Marselli L, Zaldumbide A, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL. Transcription and splicing regulation by NLRC5 shape the interferon response in human pancreatic β cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn5732. [PMID: 36103539 PMCID: PMC9473574 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn5732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
IFNα is a key regulator of the dialogue between pancreatic β cells and the immune system in early type 1 diabetes (T1D). IFNα up-regulates HLA class I expression in human β cells, fostering autoantigen presentation to the immune system. We observed by bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing that exposure of human induced pluripotent-derived islet-like cells to IFNα induces expression of HLA class I and of other genes involved in antigen presentation, including the transcriptional activator NLRC5. We next evaluated the global role of NLRC5 in human insulin-producing EndoC-βH1 and human islet cells by RNA sequencing and targeted gene/protein determination. NLRC5 regulates expression of HLA class I, antigen presentation-related genes, and chemokines. NLRC5 also mediates the effects of IFNα on alternative splicing, a generator of β cell neoantigens, suggesting that it is a central player of the effects of IFNα on β cells that contribute to trigger and amplify autoimmunity in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Szymczak
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Inês Alvelos
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Marín-Cañas
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ângela Castela
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Demine
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Maikel Luis Colli
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Op de Beeck
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofia Thomaidou
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Décio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Welbio, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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