1
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Shi T, Chen Z, Li J, Wang H, Wang Q. AIF translocation into nucleus caused by Aifm1 R450Q mutation: generation and characterization of a mouse model for AUNX1. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:905-918. [PMID: 38449065 PMCID: PMC11070138 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in AIFM1, encoding for apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), cause AUNX1, an X-linked neurologic disorder with late-onset auditory neuropathy (AN) and peripheral neuropathy. Despite significant research on AIF, there are limited animal models with the disrupted AIFM1 representing the corresponding phenotype of human AUNX1, characterized by late-onset hearing loss and impaired auditory pathways. Here, we generated an Aifm1 p.R450Q knock-in mouse model (KI) based on the human AIFM1 p.R451Q mutation. Hemizygote KI male mice exhibited progressive hearing loss from P30 onward, with greater severity at P60 and stabilization until P210. Additionally, muscle atrophy was observed at P210. These phenotypic changes were accompanied by a gradual reduction in the number of spiral ganglion neuron cells (SGNs) at P30 and ribbons at P60, which coincided with the translocation of AIF into the nucleus starting from P21 and P30, respectively. The SGNs of KI mice at P210 displayed loss of cytomembrane integrity, abnormal nuclear morphology, and dendritic and axonal demyelination. Furthermore, the inner hair cells and myelin sheath displayed abnormal mitochondrial morphology, while fibroblasts from KI mice showed impaired mitochondrial function. In conclusion, we successfully generated a mouse model recapitulating AUNX1. Our findings indicate that disruption of Aifm1 induced the nuclear translocation of AIF, resulting in the impairment in the auditory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shi
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Qiuju Wang
- Senior Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
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2
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Fagnani E, Cocomazzi P, Pellegrino S, Tedeschi G, Scalvini FG, Cossu F, Da Vela S, Aliverti A, Mastrangelo E, Milani M. CHCHD4 binding affects the active site of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF): Structural determinants for allosteric regulation. Structure 2024; 32:594-602.e4. [PMID: 38460521 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), which is confined to mitochondria of normal healthy cells, is the first identified caspase-independent cell death effector. Moreover, AIF is required for the optimal functioning of the respiratory chain machinery. Recent findings have revealed that AIF fulfills its pro-survival function by interacting with CHCHD4, a soluble mitochondrial protein which promotes the entrance and the oxidative folding of different proteins in the inner membrane space. Here, we report the crystal structure of the ternary complex involving the N-terminal 27-mer peptide of CHCHD4, NAD+, and AIF harboring its FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) prosthetic group in oxidized form. Combining this information with biophysical and biochemical data on the CHCHD4/AIF complex, we provide a detailed structural description of the interaction between the two proteins, validated by both chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry analysis and site-directed mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fagnani
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocomazzi
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; Cimaina, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Grassi Scalvini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Federica Cossu
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Da Vela
- Hochschule Bremerhaven, Karlstadt 8, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Alessandro Aliverti
- Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Eloise Mastrangelo
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Milani
- Biophysics Institute, CNR-IBF, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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3
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Matveeva A, Watters O, Rukhadze A, Khemka N, Gentile D, Perez IF, Llorente-Folch I, Farrell C, Lo Cacciato E, Jackson J, Piazzesi A, Wischhof L, Woods I, Halang L, Hogg M, Muñoz AG, Dillon ET, Matallanas D, Arijs I, Lambrechts D, Bano D, Connolly NMC, Prehn JHM. Integrated analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic alterations in mouse models of ALS/FTD identify early metabolic adaptions with similarities to mitochondrial dysfunction disorders. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:135-149. [PMID: 37779364 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2261979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease that results in loss of motor neurons and, in some patients, associates with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Apart from the accumulation of proteinaceous deposits, emerging literature indicates that aberrant mitochondrial bioenergetics may contribute to the onset and progression of ALS/FTD. Here we sought to investigate the pathophysiological signatures of mitochondrial dysfunction associated with ALS/FTD. METHODS By means of label-free mass spectrometry (MS) and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq), we report pre-symptomatic changes in the cortices of TDP-43 and FUS mutant mouse models. Using tissues from transgenic mouse models of mitochondrial diseases as a reference, we performed comparative analyses and extracted unique and common mitochondrial signatures that revealed neuroprotective compensatory mechanisms in response to early damage. RESULTS In this regard, upregulation of both Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 3 (ACSL3) and mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (YARS2) were the most representative change in pre-symptomatic ALS/FTD tissues, suggesting that fatty acid beta-oxidation and mitochondrial protein translation are mechanisms of adaptation in response to ALS/FTD pathology. CONCLUSIONS Together, our unbiased integrative analyses unveil novel molecular components that may influence mitochondrial homeostasis in the earliest phase of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Matveeva
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Orla Watters
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ani Rukhadze
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Niraj Khemka
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Debora Gentile
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ivan Fernandez Perez
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Irene Llorente-Folch
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Cliona Farrell
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Joshua Jackson
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Antonia Piazzesi
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Wischhof
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ina Woods
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Luise Halang
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Marion Hogg
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amaya Garcia Muñoz
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Eugène T Dillon
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Ingrid Arijs
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Niamh M C Connolly
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin 2, Ireland
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4
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Keshavan N, Minczuk M, Viscomi C, Rahman S. Gene therapy for mitochondrial disorders. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:145-175. [PMID: 38171948 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we detail the current state of application of gene therapy to primary mitochondrial disorders (PMDs). Recombinant adeno-associated virus-based (rAAV) gene replacement approaches for nuclear gene disorders have been undertaken successfully in more than ten preclinical mouse models of PMDs which has been made possible by the development of novel rAAV technologies that achieve more efficient organ targeting. So far, however, the greatest progress has been made for Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, for which phase 3 clinical trials of lenadogene nolparvovec demonstrated efficacy and good tolerability. Other methods of treating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorders have also had traction, including refinements to nucleases that degrade mtDNA molecules with pathogenic variants, including transcription activator-like effector nucleases, zinc-finger nucleases, and meganucleases (mitoARCUS). rAAV-based approaches have been used successfully to deliver these nucleases in vivo in mice. Exciting developments in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology have achieved in vivo gene editing in mouse models of PMDs due to nuclear gene defects and new CRISPR-free gene editing approaches have shown great potential for therapeutic application in mtDNA disorders. We conclude the review by discussing the challenges of translating gene therapy in patients both from the point of view of achieving adequate organ transduction as well as clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandaki Keshavan
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michal Minczuk
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlo Viscomi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Shamima Rahman
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
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5
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Wischhof L, Scifo E, Ehninger D, Bano D. AIFM1 beyond cell death: An overview of this OXPHOS-inducing factor in mitochondrial diseases. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104231. [PMID: 35994922 PMCID: PMC9420475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial intermembrane space flavoprotein with diverse functions in cellular physiology. In this regard, a large number of studies have elucidated AIF's participation to chromatin condensation during cell death in development, cancer, cardiovascular and brain disorders. However, the discovery of rare AIFM1 mutations in patients has shifted the interest of biomedical researchers towards AIF's contribution to pathogenic mechanisms underlying inherited AIFM1-linked metabolic diseases. The functional characterization of AIF binding partners has rapidly advanced our understanding of AIF biology within the mitochondria and beyond its widely reported role in cell death. At the present time, it is reasonable to assume that AIF contributes to cell survival by promoting biogenesis and maintenance of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. With this review, we aim to outline the current knowledge around the vital role of AIF by primarily focusing on currently reported human diseases that have been linked to AIFM1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Wischhof
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Enzo Scifo
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
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6
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Apoptosis-Inducing Factor Deficiency Induces Tissue-Specific Alterations in Autophagy: Insights from a Preclinical Model of Mitochondrial Disease and Exercise Training Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030510. [PMID: 35326160 PMCID: PMC8944439 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) deficiency, as well as those of an exercise training intervention on autophagy across tissues (heart, skeletal muscle, cerebellum and brain), that are primarily affected by mitochondrial diseases, using a preclinical model of these conditions, the Harlequin (Hq) mouse. Autophagy markers were analyzed in: (i) 2, 3 and 6 month-old male wild-type (WT) and Hq mice, and (ii) WT and Hq male mice that were allocated to an exercise training or sedentary group. The exercise training started upon onset of the first symptoms of ataxia in Hq mice and lasted for 8 weeks. Higher content of autophagy markers and free amino acids, and lower levels of sarcomeric proteins were found in the skeletal muscle and heart of Hq mice, suggesting increased protein catabolism. Leupeptin-treatment demonstrated normal autophagic flux in the Hq heart and the absence of mitophagy. In the cerebellum and brain, a lower abundance of Beclin 1 and ATG16L was detected, whereas higher levels of the autophagy substrate p62 and LAMP1 levels were observed in the cerebellum. The exercise intervention did not counteract the autophagy alterations found in any of the analyzed tissues. In conclusion, AIF deficiency induces tissue-specific alteration of autophagy in the Hq mouse, with accumulation of autophagy markers and free amino acids in the heart and skeletal muscle, but lower levels of autophagy-related proteins in the cerebellum and brain. Exercise intervention, at least if starting when muscle atrophy and neurological symptoms are already present, is not sufficient to mitigate autophagy perturbations.
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7
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van Rensburg D, Lindeque Z, Harvey BH, Steyn SF. Reviewing the mitochondrial dysfunction paradigm in rodent models as platforms for neuropsychiatric disease research. Mitochondrion 2022; 64:82-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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8
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Gould RL, Craig SW, McClatchy S, Churchill GA, Pazdro R. Genetic mapping of renal glutathione suggests a novel regulatory locus on the murine X chromosome and overlap with hepatic glutathione regulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:28-39. [PMID: 34324982 PMCID: PMC8597656 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a critical cellular antioxidant that protects against byproducts of aerobic metabolism and other reactive electrophiles to prevent oxidative stress and cell death. Proper maintenance of its reduced form, GSH, in excess of its oxidized form, GSSG, prevents oxidative stress in the kidney and protects against the development of chronic kidney disease. Evidence has indicated that renal concentrations of GSH and GSSG, as well as their ratio GSH/GSSG, are moderately heritable, and past research has identified polymorphisms and candidate genes associated with these phenotypes in mice. Yet those discoveries were made with in silico mapping methods that are prone to false positives and power limitations, so the true loci and candidate genes that control renal glutathione remain unknown. The present study utilized high-resolution gene mapping with the Diversity Outbred mouse stock to identify causal loci underlying variation in renal GSH levels and redox status. Mapping output identified a suggestive locus associated with renal GSH on murine chromosome X at 51.602 Mbp, and bioinformatic analyses identified apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 1 (Aifm1) as the most plausible candidate. Then, mapping outputs were compiled and compared against the genetic architecture of the hepatic GSH system, and we discovered a locus on murine chromosome 14 that overlaps between hepatic GSH concentrations and renal GSH redox potential. Overall, the results support our previously proposed model that the GSH redox system is regulated by both global and tissue-specific loci, vastly improving our understanding of GSH and its regulation and proposing new candidate genes for future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Gould
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Steven W Craig
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Susan McClatchy
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Gary A Churchill
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Robert Pazdro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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9
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Geldon S, Fernández-Vizarra E, Tokatlidis K. Redox-Mediated Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Dynamics, and Respiratory Chain Assembly in Yeast and Human Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:720656. [PMID: 34557489 PMCID: PMC8452992 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.720656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles that contain their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and reminiscent of its endosymbiotic origin. Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration via the function of the electron oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and composed of the four electron transport chain (ETC) enzymes (complexes I-IV), and the ATP synthase (complex V). Even though the mtDNA encodes essential OXPHOS components, the large majority of the structural subunits and additional biogenetical factors (more than seventy proteins) are encoded in the nucleus and translated in the cytoplasm. To incorporate these proteins and the rest of the mitochondrial proteome, mitochondria have evolved varied, and sophisticated import machineries that specifically target proteins to the different compartments defined by the two membranes. The intermembrane space (IMS) contains a high number of cysteine-rich proteins, which are mostly imported via the MIA40 oxidative folding system, dependent on the reduction, and oxidation of key Cys residues. Several of these proteins are structural components or assembly factors necessary for the correct maturation and function of the ETC complexes. Interestingly, many of these proteins are involved in the metalation of the active redox centers of complex IV, the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial ETC. Due to their function in oxygen reduction, mitochondria are the main generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), on both sides of the inner membrane, i.e., in the matrix and the IMS. ROS generation is important due to their role as signaling molecules, but an excessive production is detrimental due to unwanted oxidation reactions that impact on the function of different types of biomolecules contained in mitochondria. Therefore, the maintenance of the redox balance in the IMS is essential for mitochondrial function. In this review, we will discuss the role that redox regulation plays in the maintenance of IMS homeostasis as well as how mitochondrial ROS generation may be a key regulatory factor for ETC biogenesis, especially for complex IV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Fernández-Vizarra
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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10
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Chelko SP, Keceli G, Carpi A, Doti N, Agrimi J, Asimaki A, Beti CB, Miyamoto M, Amat-Codina N, Bedja D, Wei AC, Murray B, Tichnell C, Kwon C, Calkins H, James CA, O'Rourke B, Halushka MK, Melloni E, Saffitz JE, Judge DP, Ruvo M, Kitsis RN, Andersen P, Di Lisa F, Paolocci N. Exercise triggers CAPN1-mediated AIF truncation, inducing myocyte cell death in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/581/eabf0891. [PMID: 33597260 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf0891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Myocyte death occurs in many inherited and acquired cardiomyopathies, including arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), a genetic heart disease plagued by the prevalence of sudden cardiac death. Individuals with ACM and harboring pathogenic desmosomal variants, such as desmoglein-2 (DSG2), often show myocyte necrosis with progression to exercise-associated heart failure. Here, we showed that homozygous Dsg2 mutant mice (Dsg2 mut/mut), a model of ACM, die prematurely during swimming and display myocardial dysfunction and necrosis. We detected calcium (Ca2+) overload in Dsg2 mut/mut hearts, which induced calpain-1 (CAPN1) activation, association of CAPN1 with mitochondria, and CAPN1-induced cleavage of mitochondrial-bound apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Cleaved AIF translocated to the myocyte nucleus triggering large-scale DNA fragmentation and cell death, an effect potentiated by mitochondrial-driven AIF oxidation. Posttranslational oxidation of AIF cysteine residues was due, in part, to a depleted mitochondrial thioredoxin-2 redox system. Hearts from exercised Dsg2 mut/mut mice were depleted of calpastatin (CAST), an endogenous CAPN1 inhibitor, and overexpressing CAST in myocytes protected against Ca2+ overload-induced necrosis. When cardiomyocytes differentiated from Dsg2 mut/mut embryonic stem cells (ES-CMs) were challenged with β-adrenergic stimulation, CAPN1 inhibition attenuated CAPN1-induced AIF truncation. In addition, pretreatment of Dsg2 mut/mut ES-CMs with an AIF-mimetic peptide, mirroring the cyclophilin-A (PPIA) binding site of AIF, blocked PPIA-mediated AIF-nuclear translocation, and reduced both apoptosis and necrosis. Thus, preventing CAPN1-induced AIF-truncation or barring binding of AIF to the nuclear chaperone, PPIA, may avert myocyte death and, ultimately, disease progression to heart failure in ACM and likely other forms of cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Chelko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Gizem Keceli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrea Carpi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples 80134, Italy
| | - Jacopo Agrimi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Angeliki Asimaki
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London WC1E 6BS, UK
| | - Carlos Bueno Beti
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London WC1E 6BS, UK
| | - Matthew Miyamoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nuria Amat-Codina
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Djahida Bedja
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - An-Chi Wei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Brittney Murray
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Crystal Tichnell
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chulan Kwon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hugh Calkins
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cynthia A James
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Brian O'Rourke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Marc K Halushka
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Edon Melloni
- Department of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova 16126, Italy
| | - Jeffrey E Saffitz
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 20115, USA
| | - Daniel P Judge
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples 80134, Italy
| | - Richard N Kitsis
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Peter Andersen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
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11
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Bertan F, Wischhof L, Scifo E, Guranda M, Jackson J, Marsal-Cots A, Piazzesi A, Stork M, Peitz M, Prehn JHM, Ehninger D, Nicotera P, Bano D. Comparative analysis of CI- and CIV-containing respiratory supercomplexes at single-cell resolution. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100002. [PMID: 35474694 PMCID: PMC9017192 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria sustain the energy demand of the cell. The composition and functional state of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system are informative indicators of organelle bioenergetic capacity. Here, we describe a highly sensitive and reproducible method for a single-cell quantification of mitochondrial CI- and CIV-containing respiratory supercomplexes (CI∗CIV-SCs) as an alternative means of assessing mitochondrial respiratory chain integrity. We apply a proximity ligation assay (PLA) and stain CI∗CIV-SCs in fixed human and mouse brains, tumorigenic cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived neural precursor cells (NPCs), and neurons. Spatial visualization of CI∗CIV-SCs enables the detection of mitochondrial lesions in various experimental models, including complex tissues undergoing degenerative processes. We report that comparative assessments of CI∗CIV-SCs facilitate the quantitative profiling of even subtle mitochondrial variations by overcoming the confounding effects that mixed cell populations have on other measurements. Together, our PLA-based analysis of CI∗CIV-SCs is a sensitive and complementary technique for detecting cell-type-specific mitochondrial perturbations in fixed materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Bertan
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Lena Wischhof
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Enzo Scifo
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Mihaela Guranda
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Joshua Jackson
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Anaïs Marsal-Cots
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Antonia Piazzesi
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Miriam Stork
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Michael Peitz
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
- Cell Programming Core Facility, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Jochen Herbert Martin Prehn
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Department, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dan Ehninger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Pierluigi Nicotera
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Gebäude 99, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia 53127, Germany
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12
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Liu S, Zhou M, Ruan Z, Wang Y, Chang C, Sasaki M, Rajaram V, Lemoff A, Nambiar K, Wang JE, Hatanpaa KJ, Luo W, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Wang Y. AIF3 splicing switch triggers neurodegeneration. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:25. [PMID: 33853653 PMCID: PMC8048367 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), as a mitochondrial flavoprotein, plays a fundamental role in mitochondrial bioenergetics that is critical for cell survival and also mediates caspase-independent cell death once it is released from mitochondria and translocated to the nucleus under ischemic stroke or neurodegenerative diseases. Although alternative splicing regulation of AIF has been implicated, it remains unknown which AIF splicing isoform will be induced under pathological conditions and how it impacts mitochondrial functions and neurodegeneration in adult brain. METHODS AIF splicing induction in brain was determined by multiple approaches including 5' RACE, Sanger sequencing, splicing-specific PCR assay and bottom-up proteomic analysis. The role of AIF splicing in mitochondria and neurodegeneration was determined by its biochemical properties, cell death analysis, morphological and functional alterations and animal behavior. Three animal models, including loss-of-function harlequin model, gain-of-function AIF3 knockin model and conditional inducible AIF splicing model established using either Cre-loxp recombination or CRISPR/Cas9 techniques, were applied to explore underlying mechanisms of AIF splicing-induced neurodegeneration. RESULTS We identified a nature splicing AIF isoform lacking exons 2 and 3 named as AIF3. AIF3 was undetectable under physiological conditions but its expression was increased in mouse and human postmortem brain after stroke. AIF3 splicing in mouse brain caused enlarged ventricles and severe neurodegeneration in the forebrain regions. These AIF3 splicing mice died 2-4 months after birth. AIF3 splicing-triggered neurodegeneration involves both mitochondrial dysfunction and AIF3 nuclear translocation. We showed that AIF3 inhibited NADH oxidase activity, ATP production, oxygen consumption, and mitochondrial biogenesis. In addition, expression of AIF3 significantly increased chromatin condensation and nuclear shrinkage leading to neuronal cell death. However, loss-of-AIF alone in harlequin or gain-of-AIF3 alone in AIF3 knockin mice did not cause robust neurodegeneration as that observed in AIF3 splicing mice. CONCLUSIONS We identified AIF3 as a disease-inducible isoform and established AIF3 splicing mouse model. The molecular mechanism underlying AIF3 splicing-induced neurodegeneration involves mitochondrial dysfunction and AIF3 nuclear translocation resulting from the synergistic effect of loss-of-AIF and gain-of-AIF3. Our study provides a valuable tool to understand the role of AIF3 splicing in brain and a potential therapeutic target to prevent/delay the progress of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqiao Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Zhi Ruan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Calvin Chang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Masayuki Sasaki
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Veena Rajaram
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Andrew Lemoff
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Kalyani Nambiar
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Jennifer E. Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Kimmo J. Hatanpaa
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Weibo Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Ted M. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Valina L. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Yingfei Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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13
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Hintze M, Griesing S, Michels M, Blanck B, Wischhof L, Hartmann D, Bano D, Franz T. Alopecia in Harlequin mutant mice is associated with reduced AIF protein levels and expression of retroviral elements. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:12-29. [PMID: 33367954 PMCID: PMC7878237 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-020-09854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the contribution of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, in supporting hair growth. We report that pelage abnormalities developed during hair follicle (HF) morphogenesis in Harlequin (Hq) mutant mice. Fragility of the hair cortex was associated with decreased expression of genes encoding structural hair proteins, though key transcriptional regulators of HF development were expressed at normal levels. Notably, Aifm1 (R200 del) knockin males and Aifm1(R200 del)/Hq females showed minor hair defects, despite substantially reduced AIF levels. Furthermore, we cloned the integrated ecotropic provirus of the Aifm1Hq allele. We found that its overexpression in wild-type keratinocyte cell lines led to down-regulation of HF-specific Krt84 and Krtap3-3 genes without altering Aifm1 or epidermal Krt5 expression. Together, our findings imply that pelage paucity in Hq mutant mice is mechanistically linked to severe AIF deficiency and is associated with the expression of retroviral elements that might potentially influence the transcriptional regulation of structural hair proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Hintze
- Institute of Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, UKB, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Medical Department, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Griesing
- Institute of Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, UKB, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Dept. of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Marion Michels
- Institute of Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, UKB, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Birgit Blanck
- Institute of Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, UKB, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Wischhof
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Hartmann
- Institute of Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, UKB, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Franz
- Institute of Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, UKB, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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14
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Fernández-de la Torre M, Fiuza-Luces C, Valenzuela PL, Laine-Menéndez S, Arenas J, Martín MA, Turnbull DM, Lucia A, Morán M. Exercise Training and Neurodegeneration in Mitochondrial Disorders: Insights From the Harlequin Mouse. Front Physiol 2020; 11:594223. [PMID: 33363476 PMCID: PMC7752860 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.594223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Cerebellar neurodegeneration is a main phenotypic manifestation of mitochondrial disorders caused by apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) deficiency. We assessed the effects of an exercise training intervention at the cerebellum and brain level in a mouse model (Harlequin, Hq) of AIF deficiency. Methods Male wild-type (WT) and Hq mice were assigned to an exercise (Ex) or control (sedentary [Sed]) group (n = 10-12/group). The intervention (aerobic and resistance exercises) was initiated upon the first symptoms of ataxia in Hq mice (∼3 months on average) and lasted 8 weeks. Histological and biochemical analyses of the cerebellum were performed at the end of the training program to assess indicators of mitochondrial deficiency, neuronal death, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In brain homogenates analysis of enzyme activities and levels of the oxidative phosphorylation system, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation were performed. Results The mean age of the mice at the end of the intervention period did not differ between groups: 5.2 ± 0.2 (WT-Sed), 5.2 ± 0.1 (WT-Ex), 5.3 ± 0.1 (Hq-Sed), and 5.3 ± 0.1 months (Hq-Ex) (p = 0.489). A significant group effect was found for most variables indicating cerebellar dysfunction in Hq mice compared with WT mice irrespective of training status. However, exercise intervention did not counteract the negative effects of the disease at the cerebellum level (i.e., no differences for Hq-Ex vs. Hq-Sed). On the contrary, in brain, the activity of complex V was higher in both Hq mice groups in comparison with WT animals (p < 0.001), and post hoc analysis also revealed differences between sedentary and trained Hq mice. Conclusion A combined training program initiated when neurological symptoms and neuron death are already apparent is unlikely to promote neuroprotection in the cerebellum of Hq model of mitochondrial disorders, but it induces higher complex V activity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Fernández-de la Torre
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro L Valenzuela
- Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Laine-Menéndez
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arenas
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martín
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, Madrid, Spain
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Morán
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital '12 de Octubre' ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Koňaříková E, Marković A, Korandová Z, Houštěk J, Mráček T. Current progress in the therapeutic options for mitochondrial disorders. Physiol Res 2020; 69:967-994. [PMID: 33129249 PMCID: PMC8549882 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders manifest enormous genetic and clinical heterogeneity - they can appear at any age, present with various phenotypes affecting any organ, and display any mode of inheritance. What mitochondrial diseases do have in common, is impairment of respiratory chain activity, which is responsible for more than 90% of energy production within cells. While diagnostics of mitochondrial disorders has been accelerated by introducing Next-Generation Sequencing techniques in recent years, the treatment options are still very limited. For many patients only a supportive or symptomatic therapy is available at the moment. However, decades of basic and preclinical research have uncovered potential target points and numerous compounds or interventions are now subjects of clinical trials. In this review, we focus on current and emerging therapeutic approaches towards the treatment of mitochondrial disorders. We focus on small compounds, metabolic interference, such as endurance training or ketogenic diet and also on genomic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Koňaříková
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology Czech Acad. Sci., Prague, Czech Republic. ,
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16
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Delavallée L, Mathiah N, Cabon L, Mazeraud A, Brunelle-Navas MN, Lerner LK, Tannoury M, Prola A, Moreno-Loshuertos R, Baritaud M, Vela L, Garbin K, Garnier D, Lemaire C, Langa-Vives F, Cohen-Salmon M, Fernández-Silva P, Chrétien F, Migeotte I, Susin SA. Mitochondrial AIF loss causes metabolic reprogramming, caspase-independent cell death blockade, embryonic lethality, and perinatal hydrocephalus. Mol Metab 2020; 40:101027. [PMID: 32480041 PMCID: PMC7334469 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Apoptosis-Inducing Factor (AIF) is a protein involved in mitochondrial electron transport chain assembly/stability and programmed cell death. The relevant role of this protein is underlined because mutations altering mitochondrial AIF properties result in acute pediatric mitochondriopathies and tumor metastasis. By generating an original AIF-deficient mouse strain, this study attempted to analyze, in a single paradigm, the cellular and developmental metabolic consequences of AIF loss and the subsequent oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) dysfunction. METHODS We developed a novel AIF-deficient mouse strain and assessed, using molecular and cell biology approaches, the cellular, embryonic, and adult mice phenotypic alterations. Additionally, we conducted ex vivo assays with primary and immortalized AIF knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to establish the cell death characteristics and the metabolic adaptive responses provoked by the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) breakdown. RESULTS AIF deficiency destabilized mitochondrial ETC and provoked supercomplex disorganization, mitochondrial transmembrane potential loss, and high generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). AIF-/Y MEFs counterbalanced these OXPHOS alterations by mitochondrial network reorganization and a metabolic reprogramming toward anaerobic glycolysis illustrated by the AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172, the overexpression of the glucose transporter GLUT-4, the subsequent enhancement of glucose uptake, and the anaerobic lactate generation. A late phenotype was characterized by the activation of P53/P21-mediated senescence. Notably, approximately 2% of AIF-/Y MEFs diminished both mitochondrial mass and ROS levels and spontaneously proliferated. These cycling AIF-/Y MEFs were resistant to caspase-independent cell death inducers. The AIF-deficient mouse strain was embryonic lethal between E11.5 and E13.5 with energy loss, proliferation arrest, and increased apoptotic levels. Contrary to AIF-/Y MEFs, the AIF KO embryos were unable to reprogram their metabolism toward anaerobic glycolysis. Heterozygous AIF+/- females displayed progressive bone marrow, thymus, and spleen cellular loss. In addition, approximately 10% of AIF+/- females developed perinatal hydrocephaly characterized by brain development impairment, meningeal fibrosis, and medullar hemorrhages; those mice died 5 weeks after birth. AIF+/- with hydrocephaly exhibited loss of ciliated epithelium in the ependymal layer. This phenotype was triggered by the ROS excess. Accordingly, it was possible to diminish the occurrence of hydrocephalus AIF+/- females by supplying dams and newborns with an antioxidant in drinking water. CONCLUSIONS In a single knockout model and at 3 different levels (cell, embryo, and adult mice) we demonstrated that by controlling the mitochondrial OXPHOS/metabolism, AIF is a key factor regulating cell differentiation and fate. Additionally, by providing new insights into the pathological consequences of mitochondrial OXPHOS dysfunction, our new findings pave the way for novel pharmacological strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Delavallée
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Navrita Mathiah
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lauriane Cabon
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Mazeraud
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Neuropathology Service, Sainte-Anne Hospital Center, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Noelle Brunelle-Navas
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Leticia K Lerner
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Mariana Tannoury
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Prola
- INSERM UMRS 1180, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France; U955-IMRB Team 10 BNMS, INSERM, UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Raquel Moreno-Loshuertos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BiFi), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mathieu Baritaud
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Laura Vela
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Garbin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Genotyping and Biochemical facility, INSERM UMRS_1138, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Garnier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Lemaire
- INSERM UMRS 1180, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | | | - Martine Cohen-Salmon
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit, Collège de France-Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB)/CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Patricio Fernández-Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BiFi), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fabrice Chrétien
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Neuropathology Service, Sainte-Anne Hospital Center, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Santos A Susin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Hematological Disorders Team, F-75006, Paris, France.
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17
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AIF meets the CHCHD4/Mia40-dependent mitochondrial import pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165746. [PMID: 32105825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the mitochondria of healthy cells, Apoptosis-Inducing factor (AIF) is required for the optimal functioning of the respiratory chain machinery, mitochondrial integrity, cell survival, and proliferation. In all analysed species, it was revealed that the downregulation or depletion of AIF provokes mainly the post-transcriptional loss of respiratory chain Complex I protein subunits. Recent progress in the field has revealed that AIF fulfils its mitochondrial pro-survival function by interacting physically and functionally with CHCHD4, the evolutionarily-conserved human homolog of yeast Mia40. The redox-regulated CHCHD4/Mia40-dependent import machinery operates in the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion and controls the import of a set of nuclear-encoded cysteine-motif carrying protein substrates. In addition to their participation in the biogenesis of specific respiratory chain protein subunits, CHCHD4/Mia40 substrates are also implicated in the control of redox regulation, antioxidant response, translation, lipid homeostasis and mitochondrial ultrastructure and dynamics. Here, we discuss recent insights on the AIF/CHCHD4-dependent protein import pathway and review current data concerning the CHCHD4/Mia40 protein substrates in metazoan. Recent findings and the identification of disease-associated mutations in AIF or in specific CHCHD4/Mia40 substrates have highlighted these proteins as potential therapeutic targets in a variety of human disorders.
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Pagida MA, Konstantinidou AE, Chrysanthou-Piterou MA, Patsouris ES, Panayotacopoulou MT. Apoptotic Markers in the Midbrain of the Human Neonate After Perinatal Hypoxic/Ischemic Injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:86-101. [PMID: 31803912 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous postmortem studies on neonates with neuropathological injury of perinatal hypoxia/ischemia (PHI) showed a dramatic reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase expression (dopamine synthesis enzyme) in substantia nigra (SN) neurons, with reduction of their cellular size. In order to investigate if the above observations represent an early stage of SN degeneration, we immunohistochemically studied the expression of cleaved caspase-3 (CCP3), apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), and DNA fragmentation by using terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin 3'-end-labeling (TUNEL) technique in the SN of 22 autopsied neonates (corrected age ranging from 34 to 46.5 gestational weeks), in relation to the severity/duration of PHI injury, as estimated by neuropathological criteria. No CCP3-immunoreactive neurons and a limited number of apoptotic TUNEL-positive neurons with pyknotic characteristics were found in the SN. Nuclear AIF staining was revealed only in few SN neurons, indicating the presence of early signs of AIF-mediated degeneration. By contrast, motor neurons of the oculomotor nucleus showed higher cytoplasmic AIF expression and nuclear translocation, possibly attributed to the combined effect of developmental processes and increased oxidative stress induced by antemortem and postmortem factors. Our study indicates the activation of AIF, but not CCP3, in the SN and oculomotor nucleus of the human neonate in the developmentally critical perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna A Pagida
- 1st Department of Psychiatry (MPag, MC-P, MPan); Laboratory of Neurobiology and Histochemistry, University Mental Health Research Institute (MPag, MC-P, MPan); and 1st Department of Pathology (AK, EP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia E Konstantinidou
- 1st Department of Psychiatry (MPag, MC-P, MPan); Laboratory of Neurobiology and Histochemistry, University Mental Health Research Institute (MPag, MC-P, MPan); and 1st Department of Pathology (AK, EP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita A Chrysanthou-Piterou
- 1st Department of Psychiatry (MPag, MC-P, MPan); Laboratory of Neurobiology and Histochemistry, University Mental Health Research Institute (MPag, MC-P, MPan); and 1st Department of Pathology (AK, EP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios S Patsouris
- 1st Department of Psychiatry (MPag, MC-P, MPan); Laboratory of Neurobiology and Histochemistry, University Mental Health Research Institute (MPag, MC-P, MPan); and 1st Department of Pathology (AK, EP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria T Panayotacopoulou
- 1st Department of Psychiatry (MPag, MC-P, MPan); Laboratory of Neurobiology and Histochemistry, University Mental Health Research Institute (MPag, MC-P, MPan); and 1st Department of Pathology (AK, EP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Fiuza-Luces C, Valenzuela PL, Laine-Menéndez S, Fernández-de la Torre M, Bermejo-Gómez V, Rufián-Vázquez L, Arenas J, Martín MA, Lucia A, Morán M. Physical Exercise and Mitochondrial Disease: Insights From a Mouse Model. Front Neurol 2019; 10:790. [PMID: 31402893 PMCID: PMC6673140 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Mitochondrial diseases (MD) are among the most prevalent neuromuscular disorders. Unfortunately, no curative treatment is yet available. This study analyzed the effects of exercise training in an animal model of respiratory chain complex I deficiency, the Harlequin (Hq) mouse, which replicates the clinical features of this condition. Methods: Male heterozygous Harlequin (Hq/Y) mice were assigned to an “exercise” (n = 10) or a “sedentary” control group (n = 11), with the former being submitted to an 8 week combined exercise training intervention (aerobic + resistance training performed five times/week). Aerobic fitness, grip strength, and balance were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the intervention period in all the Hq mice. Muscle biochemical analyses (with results expressed as percentage of reference data from age/sex-matched sedentary wild-type mice [n = 12]) were performed at the end of the aforementioned period for the assessment of major molecular signaling pathways involved in muscle anabolism (mTOR activation) and mitochondrial biogenesis (proliferator activated receptor gamma co-activator 1α [PGC-1α] levels), and enzyme activity and levels of respiratory chain complexes, and antioxidant enzyme levels. Results: Exercise training resulted in significant improvements in aerobic fitness (−33 ± 13 m and 83 ± 43 m for the difference post- vs. pre-intervention in total distance covered in the treadmill tests in control and exercise group, respectively, p = 0.014) and muscle strength (2 ± 4 g vs. 17 ± 6 g for the difference post vs. pre-intervention, p = 0.037) compared to the control group. Higher levels of ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 phosphorylated at threonine 389 (156 ± 30% vs. 249 ± 30%, p = 0.028) and PGC-1α (82 ± 7% vs. 126 ± 19% p = 0.032) were observed in the exercise-trained mice compared with the control group. A higher activity of respiratory chain complexes I (75 ± 4% vs. 95 ± 6%, p = 0.019), III (79 ± 5% vs. 97 ± 4%, p = 0.031), and V (77 ± 9% vs. 105 ± 9%, p = 0.024) was also found with exercise training. Exercised mice presented with lower catalase levels (204 ± 22% vs. 141 ± 23%, p = 0.036). Conclusion: In a mouse model of MD, a training intervention combining aerobic and resistance exercise increased aerobic fitness and muscle strength, and mild improvements were found for activated signaling pathways involved in muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and anabolism, OXPHOS complex activity, and redox status in muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro L Valenzuela
- Physiology Unit, Systems Biology Department, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Laine-Menéndez
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Fernández-de la Torre
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Bermejo-Gómez
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Rufián-Vázquez
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arenas
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martín
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Morán
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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20
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Mekala NK, Kurdys J, Depuydt MM, Vazquez EJ, Rosca MG. Apoptosis inducing factor deficiency causes retinal photoreceptor degeneration. The protective role of the redox compound methylene blue. Redox Biol 2018; 20:107-117. [PMID: 30300862 PMCID: PMC6175772 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) underlies a wide spectrum of human ailments known as mitochondrial diseases. Deficiencies in complex I of the electron transport chain (ETC) contribute to 30–40% of all cases of mitochondrial diseases, and leads to eye disease including optic nerve atrophy and retinal degeneration. The mechanisms responsible for organ damage in mitochondrial defects may include energy deficit, oxidative stress, and an increase in the NADH/NAD+ redox ratio due to decreased NAD+ regeneration. Currently, there is no effective treatment to alleviate human disease induced by complex I defect. Photoreceptor cells have the highest energy demand and dependence on OXPHOS for survival, and the lowest reserve capacity indicating that they are sensitive to OXPHOS defects. We investigated the effect of mitochondrial OXPHOS deficiency on retinal photoreceptors in a model of mitochondrial complex I defect (apoptosis inducing factor, AIF-deficient mice, Harlequin mice), and tested the protective effect of a mitochondrial redox compound (methylene blue, MB) on mitochondrial and photoreceptor integrity. MB prevented the reduction in the retinal thickness and protein markers for photoreceptor outer segments, Muller and ganglion cells, and altered mitochondrial integrity and function induced by AIF deficiency. In rotenone-induced complex I deficient 661 W cells (an immortalized mouse photoreceptor cell line) MB decreased the NADH/NAD+ ratio and oxidative stress without correcting the energy deficit, and improved cell survival. MB deactivated the mitochondrial stress response pathways, the unfolding protein response and mitophagy. In conclusion, preserving mitochondrial structure and function alleviates retinal photoreceptor degeneration in mitochondrial complex I defect. Mitochondrial complex I causes damage of the retinal photoreceptor cells and their outer segments. Methylene blue decreases the NADH/ NAD+ ratio and oxidative stress induced by complex I defect. Methylene blue deactivates the mitochondrial stress response pathways. Methylene blue maintains mitochondrial integrity and function. Methylene blue improves photoreceptor cell survival and outer segment integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen K Mekala
- Department of Foundational Sciences at Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Jacob Kurdys
- Department of Foundational Sciences at Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Mikayla M Depuydt
- Department of Foundational Sciences at Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Edwin J Vazquez
- Department of Foundational Sciences at Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Mariana G Rosca
- Department of Foundational Sciences at Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States.
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21
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Wischhof L, Gioran A, Sonntag-Bensch D, Piazzesi A, Stork M, Nicotera P, Bano D. A disease-associated Aifm1 variant induces severe myopathy in knockin mice. Mol Metab 2018; 13:10-23. [PMID: 29780003 PMCID: PMC6026322 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in the AIFM1 gene have been identified in recessive X-linked mitochondrial diseases. Functional and molecular consequences of these pathogenic AIFM1 mutations have been poorly studied in vivo. METHODS/RESULTS Here we provide evidence that the disease-associated apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) deletion arginine 201 (R200 in rodents) causes pathology in knockin mice. Within a few months, posttranslational loss of the mutant AIF protein induces severe myopathy associated with a lower number of cytochrome c oxidase-positive muscle fibers. At a later stage, Aifm1 (R200 del) knockin mice manifest peripheral neuropathy, but they do not show neurodegenerative processes in the cerebellum, as observed in age-matched hypomorphic Harlequin (Hq) mutant mice. Quantitative proteomic and biochemical data highlight common molecular signatures of mitochondrial diseases, including aberrant folate-driven one-carbon metabolism and sustained Akt/mTOR signaling. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate metabolic defects and distinct tissue-specific vulnerability due to a disease-causing AIFM1 mutation, with many pathological hallmarks that resemble those seen in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Wischhof
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Gioran
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Antonia Piazzesi
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Miriam Stork
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
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22
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Cabon L, Bertaux A, Brunelle-Navas MN, Nemazanyy I, Scourzic L, Delavallée L, Vela L, Baritaud M, Bouchet S, Lopez C, Quang Van V, Garbin K, Chateau D, Gilard F, Sarfati M, Mercher T, Bernard OA, Susin SA. AIF loss deregulates hematopoiesis and reveals different adaptive metabolic responses in bone marrow cells and thymocytes. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:983-1001. [PMID: 29323266 PMCID: PMC5943248 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism is a tightly regulated process that plays a central role throughout the lifespan of hematopoietic cells. Herein, we analyze the consequences of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)/metabolism disorder associated with the cell-specific hematopoietic ablation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). AIF-null (AIF-/Y ) mice developed pancytopenia that was associated with hypocellular bone marrow (BM) and thymus atrophy. Although myeloid cells were relatively spared, the B-cell and erythroid lineages were altered with increased frequencies of precursor B cells, pro-erythroblasts I, and basophilic erythroblasts II. T-cell populations were dramatically reduced with a thymopoiesis blockade at a double negative (DN) immature state, with DN1 accumulation and delayed DN2/DN3 and DN3/DN4 transitions. In BM cells, the OXPHOS/metabolism dysfunction provoked by the loss of AIF was counterbalanced by the augmentation of the mitochondrial biogenesis and a shift towards anaerobic glycolysis. Nevertheless, in a caspase-independent process, the resulting excess of reactive oxygen species compromised the viability of the hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and progenitors. This led to the progressive exhaustion of the HSC pool, a reduced capacity of the BM progenitors to differentiate into colonies in methylcellulose assays, and the absence of cell-autonomous HSC repopulating potential in vivo. In contrast to BM cells, AIF-/Y thymocytes compensated for the OXPHOS breakdown by enhancing fatty acid β-oxidation. By over-expressing CPT1, ACADL and PDK4, three key enzymes facilitating fatty acid β-oxidation (e.g., palmitic acid assimilation), the AIF-/Y thymocytes retrieved the ATP levels of the AIF +/Y cells. As a consequence, it was possible to significantly reestablish AIF-/Y thymopoiesis in vivo by feeding the animals with a high-fat diet complemented with an antioxidant. Overall, our data reveal that the mitochondrial signals regulated by AIF are critical to hematopoietic decision-making. Emerging as a link between mitochondrial metabolism and hematopoietic cell fate, AIF-mediated OXPHOS regulation represents a target for the development of new immunomodulatory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Cabon
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Bertaux
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Brunelle-Navas
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Nemazanyy
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laurianne Scourzic
- INSERM U1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. Université Paris-Sud/Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Laure Delavallée
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laura Vela
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Baritaud
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Bouchet
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Lopez
- INSERM U1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. Université Paris-Sud/Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Vu Quang Van
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin Garbin
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Intestine: Nutrition, Barrier, and Diseases Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
| | - Danielle Chateau
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Intestine: Nutrition, Barrier, and Diseases Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Gilard
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Sud/Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Marika Sarfati
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Mercher
- INSERM U1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. Université Paris-Sud/Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Olivier A Bernard
- INSERM U1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. Université Paris-Sud/Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Santos A Susin
- Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
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23
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Télot L, Rousseau E, Lesuisse E, Garcia C, Morlet B, Léger T, Camadro JM, Serre V. Quantitative proteomics in Friedreich's ataxia B-lymphocytes: A valuable approach to decipher the biochemical events responsible for pathogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:997-1009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bano D, Prehn JHM. Apoptosis-Inducing Factor (AIF) in Physiology and Disease: The Tale of a Repented Natural Born Killer. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:29-37. [PMID: 29605508 PMCID: PMC5952348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial oxidoreductase that contributes to cell death programmes and participates in the assembly of the respiratory chain. Importantly, AIF deficiency leads to severe mitochondrial dysfunction, causing muscle atrophy and neurodegeneration in model organisms as well as in humans. The purpose of this review is to describe functions of AIF and AIF-interacting proteins as regulators of cell death and mitochondrial bioenergetics. We describe how AIF deficiency induces pathogenic processes that alter metabolism and ultimately compromise cellular homeostasis. We report the currently known AIFM1 mutations identified in humans and discuss the variability of AIFM1-related disorders in terms of onset, organ involvement and symptoms. Finally, we summarize how the study of AIFM1-linked pathologies may help to further expand our understanding of rare inherited forms of mitochondrial diseases. AIF is a mitochondrial NADH-dependent oxidoreductase. Nuclear translocation of AIF occurs during cell death and has been associated with human disorders. Under physiological settings, AIF participates to the biogenesis of the respiratory complexes. AIFM1 mutations have been identified in patients with impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics. Inherited AIFM1 mutations lead to a variety of clinical manifestations, including severe childhood-onset mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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25
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Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism contributes to a wide range of pathologic conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is required for the correct maintenance of mitochondrial electron transport chain. An emerging body of clinical evidence indicates that several mutations in the AIFM1 gene are causally linked to severe forms of mitochondrial disorders. Here we investigate the consequence of WAH-1/AIF deficiency in the survival of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, we assess the survival of C. elegans strains expressing a disease-associated WAH-1/AIF variant. We demonstrate that wah-1 downregulation compromises the function of the oxidative phosphorylation system and reduces C. elegans lifespan. Notably, the loss of respiratory subunits induces a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial stress response independently of an evident increase of oxidative stress. Overall, our data pinpoint an evolutionarily conserved role of WAH-1/AIF in the maintenance of proper mitochondrial activity.
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26
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Khacho M, Clark A, Svoboda DS, MacLaurin JG, Lagace DC, Park DS, Slack RS. Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies cognitive defects as a result of neural stem cell depletion and impaired neurogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:3327-3341. [PMID: 28595361 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature of many genetic disorders that target the brain and cognition. However, the exact role these organelles play in the etiology of such disorders is not understood. Here, we show that mitochondrial dysfunction impairs brain development, depletes the adult neural stem cell (NSC) pool and impacts embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Using deletion of the mitochondrial oxidoreductase AIF as a genetic model of mitochondrial and neurodegenerative diseases revealed the importance of mitochondria in multiple steps of the neurogenic process. Developmentally, impaired mitochondrial function causes defects in NSC self-renewal, neural progenitor cell proliferation and cell cycle exit, as well as neuronal differentiation. Sustained mitochondrial dysfunction into adulthood leads to NSC depletion, loss of adult neurogenesis and manifests as a decline in brain function and cognitive impairment. These data demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction, as observed in genetic mitochondrial and neurodegenerative diseases, underlies the decline of brain function and cognition due to impaired stem cell maintenance and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Khacho
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alysen Clark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Devon S Svoboda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jason G MacLaurin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Diane C Lagace
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - David S Park
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ruth S Slack
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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27
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An X-chromosome linked mouse model (Ndufa1 S55A) for systemic partial Complex I deficiency for studying predisposition to neurodegeneration and other diseases. Neurochem Int 2017; 109:78-93. [PMID: 28506826 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory chain Complex I deficiencies are the most common cause of mitochondrial diseases. Complex I biogenesis is controlled by 58 genes and at least 47 of these cause mitochondrial disease in humans. Two of these are X-chromosome linked nuclear (nDNA) genes (NDUFA1 and NDUFB11), and 7 are mitochondrial (mtDNA, MT-ND1-6, -4L) genes, which may be responsible for sex-dependent variation in the presentation of mitochondrial diseases. In this study, we describe an X-chromosome linked mouse model (Ndufa1S55A) for systemic partial Complex I deficiency. By homologous recombination, a point mutation T > G within 55th codon of the Ndufa1 gene was introduced. The resulting allele Ndufa1S55A introduced systemic serine-55-alanine (S55A) mutation within the MWFE protein, which is essential for Complex I assembly and stability. The S55A mutation caused systemic partial Complex I deficiency of ∼50% in both sexes. The mutant males (Ndufa1S55A/Y) displayed reduced respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and produced less body heat. They were also hypoactive and ate less. They showed age-dependent Purkinje neurons degeneration. Metabolic profiling of brain, liver and serum from males showed reduced heme levels in mutants, which correlated with altered expressions of Fech and Hmox1 mRNAs in tissues. This is the first genuine X-chromosome linked mouse model for systemic partial Complex I deficiency, which shows age-dependent neurodegeneration. The effect of Complex I deficiency on survival patterns of males vs. females was different. We believe this model will be very useful for studying sex-dependent predisposition to both spontaneous and stress-induced neurodegeneration, cancer, diabetes and other diseases.
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Bénit P, Pelhaître A, Saunier E, Bortoli S, Coulibaly A, Rak M, Schiff M, Kroemer G, Zeviani M, Rustin P. Paradoxical Inhibition of Glycolysis by Pioglitazone Opposes the Mitochondriopathy Caused by AIF Deficiency. EBioMedicine 2017; 17:75-87. [PMID: 28229909 PMCID: PMC5360583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice with the hypomorphic AIF-Harlequin mutation exhibit a highly heterogeneous mitochondriopathy that mostly affects respiratory chain complex I, causing a cerebral pathology that resembles that found in patients with AIF loss-of-function mutations. Here we describe that the antidiabetic drug pioglitazone (PIO) can improve the phenotype of a mouse Harlequin (Hq) subgroup, presumably due to an inhibition of glycolysis that causes an increase in blood glucose levels. This glycolysis-inhibitory PIO effect was observed in cultured astrocytes from Hq mice, as well as in human skin fibroblasts from patients with AIF mutation. Glycolysis inhibition by PIO resulted from direct competitive inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Moreover, GAPDH protein levels were reduced in the cerebellum and in the muscle from Hq mice that exhibited an improved phenotype upon PIO treatment. Altogether, our results suggest that excessive glycolysis participates to the pathogenesis of mitochondriopathies and that pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis may have beneficial effects in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paule Bénit
- INSERM UMR 1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alice Pelhaître
- INSERM UMR 1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Elise Saunier
- INSERM UMR 1124, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Bortoli
- INSERM UMR 1124, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Assetou Coulibaly
- INSERM UMR 1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Malgorzata Rak
- INSERM UMR 1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Schiff
- INSERM UMR 1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Rustin
- INSERM UMR 1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Cendelin J. Experimental neurotransplantation treatment for hereditary cerebellar ataxias. CEREBELLUM & ATAXIAS 2016; 3:7. [PMID: 27047666 PMCID: PMC4819278 DOI: 10.1186/s40673-016-0045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary cerebellar degenerations are a heterogeneous group of diseases often having a detrimental impact on patients’ quality of life. Unfortunately, no sufficiently effective causal therapy is available for human patients at present. There are several therapies that have been shown to affect the pathogenetic process and thereby to delay the progress of the disease in mouse models of cerebellar ataxias. The second experimental therapeutic approach for hereditary cerebellar ataxias is neurotransplantation. Grafted cells might provide an effect via delivery of a scarce neurotransmitter, substitution of lost cells if functionally integrated and rescue or trophic support of degenerating cells. The results of cerebellar transplantation research over the past 30 years are reviewed here and potential benefits and limitations of neurotransplantation therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Cendelin
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Coughlan MT, Higgins GC, Nguyen TV, Penfold SA, Thallas-Bonke V, Tan SM, Ramm G, Van Bergen NJ, Henstridge DC, Sourris KC, Harcourt BE, Trounce IA, Robb PM, Laskowski A, McGee SL, Genders AJ, Walder K, Drew BG, Gregorevic P, Qian H, Thomas MC, Jerums G, Macisaac RJ, Skene A, Power DA, Ekinci EI, Wijeyeratne XW, Gallo LA, Herman-Edelstein M, Ryan MT, Cooper ME, Thorburn DR, Forbes JM. Deficiency in Apoptosis-Inducing Factor Recapitulates Chronic Kidney Disease via Aberrant Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Diabetes 2016; 65:1085-98. [PMID: 26822084 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial flavoprotein with dual roles in redox signaling and programmed cell death. Deficiency in AIF is known to result in defective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), via loss of complex I activity and assembly in other tissues. Because the kidney relies on OXPHOS for metabolic homeostasis, we hypothesized that a decrease in AIF would result in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we report that partial knockdown of Aif in mice recapitulates many features of CKD, in association with a compensatory increase in the mitochondrial ATP pool via a shift toward mitochondrial fusion, excess mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and Nox4 upregulation. However, despite a 50% lower AIF protein content in the kidney cortex, there was no loss of complex I activity or assembly. When diabetes was superimposed onto Aif knockdown, there were extensive changes in mitochondrial function and networking, which augmented the renal lesion. Studies in patients with diabetic nephropathy showed a decrease in AIF within the renal tubular compartment and lower AIFM1 renal cortical gene expression, which correlated with declining glomerular filtration rate. Lentiviral overexpression of Aif1m rescued glucose-induced disruption of mitochondrial respiration in human primary proximal tubule cells. These studies demonstrate that AIF deficiency is a risk factor for the development of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda T Coughlan
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gavin C Higgins
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tuong-Vi Nguyen
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally A Penfold
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Sih Min Tan
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georg Ramm
- Membrane Biology Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole J Van Bergen
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Karly C Sourris
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brooke E Harcourt
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian A Trounce
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Portia M Robb
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrienne Laskowski
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- Metabolic Research Unit, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda J Genders
- Metabolic Research Unit, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Metabolic Research Unit, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brian G Drew
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hongwei Qian
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Merlin C Thomas
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Jerums
- Endocrine Centre, Austin Health, Repatriation Campus, Heidelberg West, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Macisaac
- Departments of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne and The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison Skene
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A Power
- Department of Nephrology and Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia Department of Medicine, Austin Health and The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elif I Ekinci
- Endocrine Centre, Austin Health, Repatriation Campus, Heidelberg West, Victoria, Australia Department of Medicine, Austin Health and The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | | | - Linda A Gallo
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michal Herman-Edelstein
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center and Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Mitochondria Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Josephine M Forbes
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of Medicine, Mater Clinical School, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Rak M, Bénit P, Chrétien D, Bouchereau J, Schiff M, El-Khoury R, Tzagoloff A, Rustin P. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:393-407. [PMID: 26846578 PMCID: PMC4948581 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As with other mitochondrial respiratory chain components, marked clinical and genetic heterogeneity is observed in patients with a cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. This constitutes a considerable diagnostic challenge and raises a number of puzzling questions. So far, pathological mutations have been reported in more than 30 genes, in both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, affecting either structural subunits of the enzyme or proteins involved in its biogenesis. In this review, we discuss the possible causes of the discrepancy between the spectacular advances made in the identification of the molecular bases of cytochrome oxidase deficiency and the lack of any efficient treatment in diseases resulting from such deficiencies. This brings back many unsolved questions related to the frequent delay of clinical manifestation, variable course and severity, and tissue-involvement often associated with these diseases. In this context, we stress the importance of studying different models of these diseases, but also discuss the limitations encountered in most available disease models. In the future, with the possible exception of replacement therapy using genes, cells or organs, a better understanding of underlying mechanism(s) of these mitochondrial diseases is presumably required to develop efficient therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Rak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Site Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Paule Bénit
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Site Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Chrétien
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Site Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Juliette Bouchereau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Site Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Site Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Riyad El-Khoury
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cairo Street, Hamra, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alexander Tzagoloff
- Biological Sciences Department, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, U.S.A
| | - Pierre Rustin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Site Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
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Milasta S, Dillon CP, Sturm OE, Verbist KC, Brewer TL, Quarato G, Brown SA, Frase S, Janke LJ, Perry SS, Thomas PG, Green DR. Apoptosis-Inducing-Factor-Dependent Mitochondrial Function Is Required for T Cell but Not B Cell Function. Immunity 2016; 44:88-102. [PMID: 26795252 PMCID: PMC4936487 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) in promoting cell death versus survival remains controversial. We report that the loss of AIF in fibroblasts led to mitochondrial electron transport chain defects and loss of proliferation that could be restored by ectopic expression of the yeast NADH dehydrogenase Ndi1. Aif-deficiency in T cells led to decreased peripheral T cell numbers and defective homeostatic proliferation, but thymic T cell development was unaffected. In contrast, Aif-deficient B cells developed and functioned normally. The difference in the dependency of T cells versus B cells on AIF for function and survival correlated with their metabolic requirements. Ectopic Ndi1 expression rescued homeostatic proliferation of Aif-deficient T cells. Despite its reported roles in cell death, fibroblasts, thymocytes and B cells lacking AIF underwent normal death. These studies suggest that the primary role of AIF relates to complex I function, with differential effects on T and B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Milasta
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Christopher P Dillon
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Oliver E Sturm
- Department of Biology, Rhodes College, 2000 North Parkway, Memphis, TN 38112, USA
| | - Katherine C Verbist
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Taylor L Brewer
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Giovanni Quarato
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Scott A Brown
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sharon Frase
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Center, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Laura J Janke
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - S Scott Perry
- Department of Flow Cytometry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Bénit P, Schiff M, Cwerman-Thibault H, Corral-Debrinski M, Rustin P. Drug development for mitochondrial disease: recent progress, current challenges, and future prospects. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2016.1117972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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34
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Hangen E, Féraud O, Lachkar S, Mou H, Doti N, Fimia GM, Lam NV, Zhu C, Godin I, Muller K, Chatzi A, Nuebel E, Ciccosanti F, Flamant S, Bénit P, Perfettini JL, Sauvat A, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Ser-Le Roux K, Gonin P, Tokatlidis K, Rustin P, Piacentini M, Ruvo M, Blomgren K, Kroemer G, Modjtahedi N. Interaction between AIF and CHCHD4 Regulates Respiratory Chain Biogenesis. Mol Cell 2015; 58:1001-14. [PMID: 26004228 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial flavoprotein that, beyond its apoptotic function, is required for the normal expression of major respiratory chain complexes. Here we identified an AIF-interacting protein, CHCHD4, which is the central component of a redox-sensitive mitochondrial intermembrane space import machinery. Depletion or hypomorphic mutation of AIF caused a downregulation of CHCHD4 protein by diminishing its mitochondrial import. CHCHD4 depletion sufficed to induce a respiratory defect that mimicked that observed in AIF-deficient cells. CHCHD4 levels could be restored in AIF-deficient cells by enforcing its AIF-independent mitochondrial localization. This modified CHCHD4 protein reestablished respiratory function in AIF-deficient cells and enabled AIF-deficient embryoid bodies to undergo cavitation, a process of programmed cell death required for embryonic morphogenesis. These findings explain how AIF contributes to the biogenesis of respiratory chain complexes, and they establish an unexpected link between the vital function of AIF and the propensity of cells to undergo apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Hangen
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Féraud
- Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, 94270 Kremlin Bicêtre, France; INSERM U935, 94805 Villejuif, France; ESTeam Paris Sud, Stem Cell Core Facility, Institut André Lwoff, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Lachkar
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Haiwei Mou
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "L. Spallanzani," 00149 Rome, Italy; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Ngoc-Vy Lam
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Godin
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, 94270 Kremlin Bicêtre, France; INSERM U1009, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Kevin Muller
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Afroditi Chatzi
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion Crete 70013, Greece
| | - Esther Nuebel
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion Crete 70013, Greece
| | - Fabiola Ciccosanti
- Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "L. Spallanzani," 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Stéphane Flamant
- Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, 94270 Kremlin Bicêtre, France; INSERM U935, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Paule Bénit
- INSERM UMR1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris 7, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Perfettini
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, 94270 Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Allan Sauvat
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Annelise Bennaceur-Griscelli
- Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, 94270 Kremlin Bicêtre, France; INSERM U935, 94805 Villejuif, France; ESTeam Paris Sud, Stem Cell Core Facility, Institut André Lwoff, 94800 Villejuif, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Paul Brousse AP-HP, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Karine Ser-Le Roux
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, 94270 Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Animal and Veterinary Resources, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Patrick Gonin
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, 94270 Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Animal and Veterinary Resources, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion Crete 70013, Greece
| | - Pierre Rustin
- INSERM UMR1141, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris 7, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "L. Spallanzani," 00149 Rome, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pediatrics, University of Gothenburg, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Nazanine Modjtahedi
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, UMRS 1138, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France.
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35
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Generating Mouse Models of Mitochondrial Disease. Mov Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405195-9.00043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] Open
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Neuroglobin gene therapy prevents optic atrophy and preserves durably visual function in Harlequin mice. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1096-1109. [PMID: 24622090 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroglobin (NGB) is considered as an endogenous neuroprotective molecule against stroke, since the protein alleviates the adverse effects of hypoxic and ischemic insults. We previously demonstrated the functional link between NGB and mitochondria since it is required for respiratory chain function. Thus, here, we evaluated the relevance of this effect in the Harlequin (Hq) mouse strain, which exhibits retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and optic atrophy due to a respiratory chain complex I (CI) defect. A twofold decrease of NGB amounts was observed in Hq retinas. We constructed a recombinant adeno-associated virus which combines to the mouse NGB open reading frame, its 5' and 3'UTR, for guarantying mRNA stability and translation capacity. The vector was administrated intravitreally to Hq mice and NGB expression was stable for up to 7 months without negative effect on retinal architecture or function. On the contrary, RGCs and their axons were substantially preserved from degeneration; consequently, CI activity in optic nerves was protected conferring improvements in vision. Hence, we established that NGB prevents respiratory chain impairment, therefore, protecting visual function otherwise compromised by mitochondrial energetic failure.
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Öxler EM, Dolga A, Culmsee C. AIF depletion provides neuroprotection through a preconditioning effect. Apoptosis 2013; 17:1027-38. [PMID: 22865232 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-012-0748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies established a major role for apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) in neuronal cell death after acute brain injury. For example, AIF translocation from mitochondria to the nucleus determined delayed neuronal death, whereas reduced AIF expression provided neuroprotective effects in models of cerebral ischemia or brain trauma. The question remains, however, why reduced AIF levels are sufficient to mediate neuroprotection, since only very little AIF translocation to the nucleus is required for induction of cell death. Thus, the present study addresses the question, whether AIF gene silencing affects intrinsic death pathways upstream of nuclear translocation at the level of the mitochondria. Using MTT assays and real-time cell impedance measurements we confirmed the protective effect of AIF siRNA against glutamate toxicity in immortalized mouse hippocampal HT-22 neurons. Further, AIF siRNA prevented glutamate-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The protection of mitochondrial integrity was associated with preserved ATP levels, attenuated increases in lipid peroxidation and reduced complex I expression levels. Notably, low concentrations of the complex I inhibitor rotenone (20 nM), provided similar protective effects against glutamate toxicity at the mitochondrial level. These results expose a preconditioning effect as a mechanism for neuroprotection mediated by AIF depletion. In particular, they point out an association between mitochondrial complex I and AIF, which regulate each other's stability in mitochondria. Overall, these findings postulate that AIF depletion mediates a preconditioning effect protecting neuronal cells from subsequent glutamate toxicity through reduced levels of complex I protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Öxler
- Fachbereich Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 1, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
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Prabhu SB, Khalsa JK, Banerjee H, Das A, Srivastava S, Mattoo HR, Thyagarajan K, Tanwar S, Das DS, Majumdar SS, George A, Bal V, Durdik JM, Rath S. Role of apoptosis-inducing factor (Aif) in the T cell lineage. Indian J Med Res 2013; 138:577-90. [PMID: 24434313 PMCID: PMC3928691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple checkpoints regulating finely balanced death-versus-survival decisions characterize both thymic development and peripheral homeostasis of T lymphocytes. While exploring the mechanisms of T cell death involved at various stages during the life of a T cell, we have observed and reported a variety of non-redundant roles for apoptosis inducing factor (Aif), a mitochondrial flavoprotein. Aif is ubiquitously expressed in all cell lineages and functions as an NADH oxidase in its mitochondrial location. It is released following the mitochondrial death signals, whereupon it translocates to the nucleus, binds to DNA and causes large-scale DNA fragmentation. During T cell development, Aif is important for developing thymocytes to navigate the double negative (DN)3 to DN4 transition (beta-selection), via its oxidoreductase property which protects the rapidly proliferating cells from death due to reactive oxygen species (ROS). In peripheral mature T cells, Aif deficiency leads to an increased susceptibility of T cell blasts to activation induced cell death (AICD), possibly mediated by its antioxidant function, and decreased sensitivity to neglect-induced death (NID). Thus, Aif seems to have pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic roles in the same lineage in different contexts and at different stages. Surprisingly, in the closely related B lymphocyte lineage, Aif deficiency does not result in any abnormality. These findings generate the possibility of specific T cell dysfunction in human disease caused by Aif deficiency, as well as in mitochondriopathies due to other causes. Also, these data raise questions regarding the basis of lineage-specific consequences of the dysfunction/deficiency of apparently ubiquitous molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savit B. Prabhu
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India,Reprint requests: Dr Savit B. Prabhu / Dr Satyajit Rath, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi 110 067, India e-mail: /
| | | | - Hridesh Banerjee
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India,Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute of Aging, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore MD 21224, USA
| | - Abhishek Das
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India,Immune Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Smita Srivastava
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Smilow 901, 550 First Avenue, New York NY 10016, USA
| | - Hamid R. Mattoo
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India,MGH Cancer Center, Building 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Krishnamurthy Thyagarajan
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India,Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston SC 29425, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna George
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineeta Bal
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeannine M. Durdik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Satyajit Rath
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India,Reprint requests: Dr Savit B. Prabhu / Dr Satyajit Rath, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi 110 067, India e-mail: /
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Mitochondrial disorders: aetiologies, models systems, and candidate therapies. Trends Genet 2013; 29:488-97. [PMID: 23756086 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
It has become evident that many human disorders are characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction either at a primary level, due to mutations in genes whose encoded products are involved in oxidative phosphorylation, or at a secondary level, due to the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. This has prompted keen interest in the development of cell and animal models and in exploring innovative therapeutic strategies to modulate the mitochondrial deficiencies observed in these diseases. Key advances in these areas are outlined in this review, with a focus on Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). This exciting field is set to grow exponentially and yield many candidate therapies to treat this class of disease.
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Alternative oxidase expression in the mouse enables bypassing cytochrome c oxidase blockade and limits mitochondrial ROS overproduction. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003182. [PMID: 23300486 PMCID: PMC3536694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanide-resistant non-phosphorylating respiration is known in mitochondria from plants, fungi, and microorganisms but is absent in mammals. It results from the activity of an alternative oxidase (AOX) that conveys electrons directly from the respiratory chain (RC) ubiquinol pool to oxygen. AOX thus provides a bypath that releases constraints on the cytochrome pathway and prevents the over-reduction of the ubiquinone pool, a major source of superoxide. RC dysfunctions and deleterious superoxide overproduction are recurrent themes in human pathologies, ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to cancer, and may be instrumental in ageing. Thus, preventing RC blockade and excess superoxide production by means of AOX should be of considerable interest. However, because of its energy-dissipating properties, AOX might produce deleterious effects of its own in mammals. Here we show that AOX can be safely expressed in the mouse (MitAOX), with major physiological parameters being unaffected. It neither disrupted the activity of other RC components nor decreased oxidative phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria. It conferred cyanide-resistance to mitochondrial substrate oxidation and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production upon RC blockade. Accordingly, AOX expression was able to support cyanide-resistant respiration by intact organs and to afford prolonged protection against a lethal concentration of gaseous cyanide in whole animals. Taken together, these results indicate that AOX expression in the mouse is innocuous and permits to overcome a RC blockade, while reducing associated oxidative insult. Therefore, the MitAOX mice represent a valuable tool in order to investigate the ability of AOX to counteract the panoply of mitochondrial-inherited diseases originating from oxidative phosphorylation defects.
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Schiff M, Bénit P, Jacobs HT, Vockley J, Rustin P. Therapies in inborn errors of oxidative metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2012; 23:488-95. [PMID: 22633959 PMCID: PMC4135311 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases encompass a wide range of presentations and mechanisms, dictating a need to consider both broad-based and disease-specific therapies. The manifestations of mitochondrial dysfunction and the response to therapy vary between individuals. This probably reflects the genetic complexity of mitochondrial biology, which requires an excess of 2000 genes for proper function, with numerous interfering epigenetic and environmental factors. Accordingly, we are increasingly aware of the complexity of these diseases which involve far more than merely decreased ATP supply. Indeed, recent therapeutic progress has addressed only specific disease entities. In this review present and prospective therapeutic approaches will be discussed on the basis of targets and mechanism of action, but with a broad outlook on their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schiff
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 676, Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019 Paris, France
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Irwin MH, Parameshwaran K, Pinkert CA. Mouse models of mitochondrial complex I dysfunction. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 45:34-40. [PMID: 22903069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diseases of the mitochondria generally affect cells with high-energy demand, and appear to most profoundly affect excitatory cells that have localized high energy requirements, such as neurons and cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. Complex I of the mammalian mitochondrial respiratory chain is a very large, 45 subunit enzyme, and functional deficiency of complex I is the most frequently observed cause of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) disorders. Impairment of complex I results in decreased cellular energy production and is responsible for a variety of human encephalopathies, myopathies and cardiomyopathies. Complex I deficiency may be caused by mutations in any of the seven mitochondrial or 38 nuclear genes that encode complex I subunits or by mutations in various other nuclear genes that affect complex I assembly or function. Mouse models that faithfully mimic human complex I disorders are needed to better understand the role of complex I in health and disease and for evaluation of potential therapies for mitochondrial diseases. In this review we discuss existing mouse models of mitochondrial complex I dysfunction, focusing on those with similarities to human mitochondrial disorders. We also discuss some of the noteworthy murine genetic models in which complex I genes are not disrupted, but complex I dysfunction is observed, along with some of the more popular chemical compounds that inhibit complex I function and are useful for modeling complex I deficiency in mice. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Bioenergetic dysfunction, adaptation and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Irwin
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA.
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Breuer ME, Willems PHGM, Russel FGM, Koopman WJH, Smeitink JAM. Modeling mitochondrial dysfunctions in the brain: from mice to men. J Inherit Metab Dis 2012; 35:193-210. [PMID: 21755361 PMCID: PMC3278625 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-011-9375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biologist Lewis Thomas once wrote: "my mitochondria comprise a very large proportion of me. I cannot do the calculation, but I suppose there is almost as much of them in sheer dry bulk as there is the rest of me". As humans, or indeed as any mammal, bird, or insect, we contain a specific molecular makeup that is driven by vast numbers of these miniscule powerhouses residing in most of our cells (mature red blood cells notwithstanding), quietly replicating, living independent lives and containing their own DNA. Everything we do, from running a marathon to breathing, is driven by these small batteries, and yet there is evidence that these molecular energy sources were originally bacteria, possibly parasitic, incorporated into our cells through symbiosis. Dysfunctions in these organelles can lead to debilitating, and sometimes fatal, diseases of almost all the bodies' major organs. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a wide variety of human disorders either as a primary cause or as a secondary consequence. To better understand the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in human disease, a multitude of pharmacologically induced and genetically manipulated animal models have been developed showing to a greater or lesser extent the clinical symptoms observed in patients with known and unknown causes of the disease. This review will focus on diseases of the brain and spinal cord in which mitochondrial dysfunction has been proven or is suspected and on animal models that are currently used to study the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Breuer
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Wang D, Liang J, Zhang Y, Gui B, Wang F, Yi X, Sun L, Yao Z, Shang Y. Steroid receptor coactivator-interacting protein (SIP) inhibits caspase-independent apoptosis by preventing apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from being released from mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:12612-21. [PMID: 22371500 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.334151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a caspase-independent death effector. Normally residing in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, AIF is released and translocated to the nucleus in response to proapoptotic stimuli. Nuclear AIF binds to DNA and induces chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation, characteristics of apoptosis. Until now, it remained to be clarified how the mitochondrial-nuclear translocation of AIF is regulated. Here we report that steroid receptor coactivator-interacting protein (SIP) interacts directly with AIF in mitochondria and specifically inhibits caspase-independent and AIF-dependent apoptosis. Challenging cells with apoptotic stimuli leads to rapid degradation of SIP, and subsequently AIF is liberated from mitochondria and translocated to the nucleus to induce apoptosis. Together, our data demonstrate that SIP is a novel regulator in caspase-independent and AIF-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Schiff M, Bénit P, El-Khoury R, Schlemmer D, Benoist JF, Rustin P. Mouse studies to shape clinical trials for mitochondrial diseases: high fat diet in Harlequin mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28823. [PMID: 22174907 PMCID: PMC3236768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic options in human mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) diseases have been poorly evaluated mostly because of the scarcity of cohorts and the inter-individual variability of disease progression. Thus, while a high fat diet (HFD) is often recommended, data regarding efficacy are limited. Our objectives were 1) to determine our ability to evaluate therapeutic options in the Harlequin OXPHOS complex I (CI)-deficient mice, in the context of a mitochondrial disease with human hallmarks and 2) to assess the effects of a HFD. Methods and Findings Before launching long and expensive animal studies, we showed that palmitate afforded long-term death-protection in 3 CI-mutant human fibroblasts cell lines. We next demonstrated that using the Harlequin mouse, it was possible to draw solid conclusions on the efficacy of a 5-month-HFD on neurodegenerative symptoms. Moreover, we could identify a group of highly responsive animals, echoing the high variability of the disease progression in Harlequin mice. Conclusions These results suggest that a reduced number of patients with identical genetic disease should be sufficient to reach firm conclusions as far as the potential existence of responders and non responders is recognized. They also positively prefigure HFD-trials in OXPHOS-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schiff
- INSERM, U676, Paris, France
- Université Paris 7, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, IFR02, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre de Référence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Paris, France
| | - Paule Bénit
- INSERM, U676, Paris, France
- Université Paris 7, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, IFR02, Paris, France
| | - Riyad El-Khoury
- INSERM, U676, Paris, France
- Université Paris 7, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, IFR02, Paris, France
| | - Dimitri Schlemmer
- APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre de Référence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Benoist
- INSERM, U676, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre de Référence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Rustin
- INSERM, U676, Paris, France
- Université Paris 7, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot, IFR02, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Laliberté AM, MacPherson TC, Micks T, Yan A, Hill KA. Vision deficits precede structural losses in a mouse model of mitochondrial dysfunction and progressive retinal degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2011; 93:833-41. [PMID: 21983042 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Current animal models of retinal disease often involve the rapid development of a retinal disease phenotype; however, this is at odds with age-related diseases that take many years to manifest clinical symptoms. The present study was performed to examine an apoptosis-inducing factor (Aif)-deficient model, the harlequin carrier mouse (X(hq)X), and determine how mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent accelerated aging affect the function and structure of the mouse retina. Vision and eye structure for cohorts of 6 X(hq)X and 6 wild type mice at 3, 11, and 15 months of age were studied using in vivo electroretinography (ERG), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Retinal superoxide levels were determined in situ using dihydroethidium (DHE) histochemistry. Retinal cell counts were quantified post mortem using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. ERG analysis of X(hq)X retinal function indicated a reduction in b-wave amplitude significant at 3 months of age (p < 0.05), declining further with age. However, retinal neuron counts demonstrated the absence of physical degeneration at 3 and 11 months of age despite significant reduction in ERG b-wave amplitude. Superoxide anion levels were elevated in the ganglion cell, inner nuclear and outer nuclear layers of the retina (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively) of 11-month-old X(hq)X mice in comparison to wild type, preceding the structural losses observed at 15 mos. Early onset of retinal function deficits occurred independently of neuron loss. Changes in neurotransmitter localization in the stressed retina may account for the early and significant reduction in retinal function. This remodeling of retinal neurochemistry in response to stress may be a relevant mechanism in the progression of normal retinal aging and early stages of some retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Laliberté
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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Bouaita A, Augustin S, Lechauve C, Cwerman-Thibault H, Bénit P, Simonutti M, Paques M, Rustin P, Sahel JA, Corral-Debrinski M. Downregulation of apoptosis-inducing factor in Harlequin mice induces progressive and severe optic atrophy which is durably prevented by AAV2-AIF1 gene therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 135:35-52. [PMID: 22120150 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The Harlequin mutant mouse, characterized by loss of function of apoptosis-inducing factor, represents a reliable genetic model that resembles pathologies caused by human mitochondrial complex I deficiency. Therefore, we extensively characterized the retinal morphology and function of Harlequin mice during the course of neuronal cell death leading to blindness, with the aim of preventing optic atrophy. Retinas and optic nerves from these mice showed an isolated respiratory chain complex I defect correlated with retinal ganglion cell loss, optic atrophy, glial and microglial cell activation. All of these changes led to irreversible vision loss. In control mice, retinas AIF1 messenger RNA was 2.3-fold more abundant than AIF2, both messenger RNAs being sorted to the mitochondrial surface. In Harlequin mouse retinas, there was a 96% decrease of both AIF1 and AIF2 messenger RNA steady-state levels. We attained substantial and long-lasting protection of retinal ganglion cell and optic nerve integrity, the preservation of complex I function in optic nerves, as well as the prevention of glial and microglial responses after intravitreal administration of an AAV2 vector containing the full-length open reading frame and the 3' untranslated region of the AIF1 gene. Therefore, we demonstrate that gene therapy for mitochondrial diseases due to mutations in nuclear DNA can be achieved, so long as the 'therapeutic gene' permits the accurate cellular localization of the corresponding messenger RNA.
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Armand AS, Laziz I, Djeghloul D, Lécolle S, Bertrand AT, Biondi O, De Windt LJ, Chanoine C. Apoptosis-inducing factor regulates skeletal muscle progenitor cell number and muscle phenotype. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27283. [PMID: 22076146 PMCID: PMC3208607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) is a highly conserved, ubiquitous flavoprotein localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. In vivo, AIF provides protection against neuronal and cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Conversely in vitro, AIF has been demonstrated to have a pro-apoptotic role upon induction of the mitochondrial death pathway, once AIF translocates to the nucleus where it facilitates chromatin condensation and large scale DNA fragmentation. Given that the aif hypomorphic harlequin (Hq) mutant mouse model displays severe sarcopenia, we examined skeletal muscle from the aif hypomorphic mice in more detail. Adult AIF-deficient skeletal myofibers display oxidative stress and a severe form of atrophy, associated with a loss of myonuclei and a fast to slow fiber type switch, both in "slow" muscles such as soleus, as well as in "fast" muscles such as extensor digitorum longus, most likely resulting from an increase of MEF2 activity. This fiber type switch was conserved in regenerated soleus and EDL muscles of Hq mice subjected to cardiotoxin injection. In addition, muscle regeneration in soleus and EDL muscles of Hq mice was severely delayed. Freshly cultured myofibers, soleus and EDL muscle sections from Hq mice displayed a decreased satellite cell pool, which could be rescued by pretreating aif hypomorphic mice with the manganese-salen free radical scavenger EUK-8. Satellite cell activation seems to be abnormally long in Hq primary culture compared to controls. However, AIF deficiency did not affect myoblast cell proliferation and differentiation. Thus, AIF protects skeletal muscles against oxidative stress-induced damage probably by protecting satellite cells against oxidative stress and maintaining skeletal muscle stem cell number and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Armand
- Centre d’Etude de la Sensori-Motricité, UMR 8194 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
| | - Iman Laziz
- Centre d’Etude de la Sensori-Motricité, UMR 8194 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
| | - Dounia Djeghloul
- Centre d’Etude de la Sensori-Motricité, UMR 8194 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Lécolle
- Centre d’Etude de la Sensori-Motricité, UMR 8194 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
| | - Anne T. Bertrand
- The Hubrecht Institute and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands, Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Biondi
- Centre d’Etude de la Sensori-Motricité, UMR 8194 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
| | - Leon J. De Windt
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Chanoine
- Centre d’Etude de la Sensori-Motricité, UMR 8194 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
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Bayot A, Santos R, Camadro JM, Rustin P. Friedreich's ataxia: the vicious circle hypothesis revisited. BMC Med 2011; 9:112. [PMID: 21985033 PMCID: PMC3198887 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia, the most frequent progressive autosomal recessive disorder involving the central and peripheral nervous systems, is mostly associated with unstable expansion of GAA trinucleotide repeats in the first intron of the FXN gene, which encodes the mitochondrial frataxin protein. Since FXN was shown to be involved in Friedreich's ataxia in the late 1990s, the consequence of frataxin loss of function has generated vigorous debate. Very early on we suggested a unifying hypothesis according to which frataxin deficiency leads to a vicious circle of faulty iron handling, impaired iron-sulphur cluster synthesis and increased oxygen radical production. However, data from cell and animal models now indicate that iron accumulation is an inconsistent and late event and that frataxin deficiency does not always impair the activity of iron-sulphur cluster-containing proteins. In contrast, frataxin deficiency appears to be consistently associated with increased sensitivity to reactive oxygen species as opposed to increased oxygen radical production. By compiling the findings of fundamental research and clinical observations we defend here the opinion that the very first consequence of frataxin depletion is indeed an abnormal oxidative status which initiates the pathogenic mechanism underlying Friedreich's ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bayot
- Inserm, U676, Physiopathology and Therapy of Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, CHU - Hôpital Robert Debré, 48, boulevard Sérurier, F-75019 Paris, France
- Faculté de médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Diderot, IFR02, 16, rue Henri Huchard, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Renata Santos
- Institut Jacques Monod (UMR 7592 CNRS-Université Paris-Diderot), Mitochondria, Metals and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Bâtiment Buffon - 15, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, Cedex 13, France
| | - Jean-Michel Camadro
- Institut Jacques Monod (UMR 7592 CNRS-Université Paris-Diderot), Mitochondria, Metals and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Bâtiment Buffon - 15, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, Cedex 13, France
| | - Pierre Rustin
- Inserm, U676, Physiopathology and Therapy of Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, CHU - Hôpital Robert Debré, 48, boulevard Sérurier, F-75019 Paris, France
- Faculté de médecine Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Diderot, IFR02, 16, rue Henri Huchard, F-75018, Paris, France
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Cwerman-Thibault H, Sahel JA, Corral-Debrinski M. Mitochondrial medicine: to a new era of gene therapy for mitochondrial DNA mutations. J Inherit Metab Dis 2011; 34:327-44. [PMID: 20571866 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders can no longer be ignored in most medical disciplines. Such disorders include specific and widespread organ involvement, with tissue degeneration or tumor formation. Primary or secondary actors, mitochondrial dysfunctions also play a role in the aging process. Despite progresses made in identification of their molecular bases, nearly everything remains to be done as regards therapy. Research dealing with mitochondrial physiology and pathology has >20 years of history around the world. We are involved, as are many other laboratories, in the challenge of finding ways to fight these diseases. However, our main limitation is the scarcety of animal models required for both understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the diseases and evaluating therapeutic strategies. This is especially true for diseases due to mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), since an authentic genetic model of mtDNA mutations is technically a very difficult task due to both the inability of manipulating the mitochondrial genome of living mammalian cells and to its multicopy nature. This has led researchers in the field to consider the prospect of gene therapy approaches that can roughly be divided into three groups: (1) import of wild-type copies or relevant sections of DNA or RNA into mitochondria, (2) manipulation of mitochondrial genetic content, and (3) rescue of a defect by expression of an engineered gene product from the nucleus (allotopic or xenotropic expression). We briefly introduce these concepts and indicate where promising progress has been made in the last decade.
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