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Jacquelot N, Xiong L, Cao WHJ, Huang Q, Yu H, Sayad A, Anttila CJA, Baldwin TM, Hickey PF, Amann-Zalcenstein D, Ohashi PS, Nutt SL, Belz GT, Seillet C. PD-1 regulates ILC3-driven intestinal immunity and homeostasis. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:371-386. [PMID: 38492744 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-(IL) 22 production by intestinal group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) is critical to maintain gut homeostasis. However, IL-22 needs to be tightly controlled; reduced IL-22 expression is associated with intestinal epithelial barrier defect while its overexpression promotes tumor development. Here, using a single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing approach, we identified a core set of genes associated with increased IL-22 production by ILC3. Among these genes, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), extensively studied in the context of cancer and chronic infection, was constitutively expressed on a subset of ILC3. These cells, found in the crypt of the small intestine and colon, displayed superior capacity to produce IL-22. PD-1 expression on ILC3 was dependent on the microbiota and was induced during inflammation in response to IL-23 but, conversely, was reduced in the presence of Notch ligand. PD-1+ ILC3 exhibited distinct metabolic activity with increased glycolytic, lipid, and polyamine synthesis associated with augmented proliferation compared with their PD-1- counterparts. Further, PD-1+ ILC3 showed increased expression of mitochondrial antioxidant proteins which enable the cells to maintain their levels of reactive oxygen species. Loss of PD-1 signaling in ILC3 led to reduced IL-22 production in a cell-intrinsic manner. During inflammation, PD-1 expression was increased on natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR)- ILC3 while deficiency in PD-1 expression resulted in increased susceptibility to experimental colitis and failure to maintain gut barrier integrity. Collectively, our findings uncover a new function of the PD-1 and highlight the role of PD-1 signaling in the maintenance of gut homeostasis mediated by ILC3 in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Jacquelot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Le Xiong
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Wang H J Cao
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Qiutong Huang
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Huiyang Yu
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azin Sayad
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Casey J A Anttila
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tracey M Baldwin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter F Hickey
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniela Amann-Zalcenstein
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephen L Nutt
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Cyril Seillet
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Zhou H, Jiang B, Qian Y, Ke C. The Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Pathway Contributes to the Anti-Tumor Effect of Granulocyte-Macrophage-Colony-Stimulating Factor-Producing T Helper Cells in Mouse Colorectal Cancer. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:261-280. [PMID: 38050895 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2290631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor-producing T helper (ThGM) cells in colorectal cancer (CRC) development remains unclear. This study characterizes the function of ThGM cells in mouse CRC. METHODS Mouse CRC was induced by administrating azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium. The presence of ThGM cells in CRC tissues and the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in ThGM cells was detected by flow cytometry. The impact of mTORC1 signaling on ThGM cell function was determined by in vitro culture. The effect of ThGM cells on CRC development was evaluated by adoptive transfer assays. RESULTS ThGM cells, which expressed granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), accumulated in CRC tissues. mTORC1 signaling is activated in CRC ThGM cells. mTORC1 inhibition by rapamycin suppressed ThGM cell differentiation and proliferation and resulted in the death of differentiating ThGM cells. mTORC1 inhibition in already differentiated ThGM cells did not induce significant cell death but decreased the expression of GM-CSF, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha while impeding cell proliferation. Furthermore, mTORC1 inhibition diminished the effect of ThGM cells on driving macrophage polarization toward the M1 type, as evidenced by lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, major histocompatibility complex class II molecule, and CD80 in macrophages after co-culture with rapamycin-treated ThGM cells. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown/overexpression of regulatory-associated protein of mTOR (Raptor) confirmed the essential role of mTORC1 in ThGM cell differentiation and function. Adoptively transferred ThGM cells suppressed CRC growth whereas mTORC1 inhibition abolished this effect. CONCLUSION mTORC1 is essential for the anti-CRC activity of ThGM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Zhou
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yuyuan Qian
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chao Ke
- The Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Jha D, Al-Taie Z, Krek A, Eshghi ST, Fantou A, Laurent T, Tankelevich M, Cao X, Meringer H, Livanos AE, Tokuyama M, Cossarini F, Bourreille A, Josien R, Hou R, Canales-Herrerias P, Ungaro RC, Kayal M, Marion J, Polydorides AD, Ko HM, D’souza D, Merand R, Kim-Schulze S, Hackney JA, Nguyen A, McBride JM, Yuan GC, Colombel JF, Martin JC, Argmann C, Suárez-Fariñas M, Petralia F, Mehandru S. Myeloid cell influx into the colonic epithelium is associated with disease severity and non-response to anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy in patients with Ulcerative Colitis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.02.542863. [PMID: 37333091 PMCID: PMC10274630 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.02.542863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory disease of the colon with sharply rising global prevalence. Dysfunctional epithelial compartment (EC) dynamics are implicated in UC pathogenesis although EC-specific studies are sparse. Applying orthogonal high-dimensional EC profiling to a Primary Cohort (PC; n=222), we detail major epithelial and immune cell perturbations in active UC. Prominently, reduced frequencies of mature BEST4+OTOP2+ absorptive and BEST2+WFDC2+ secretory epithelial enterocytes were associated with the replacement of homeostatic, resident TRDC+KLRD1+HOPX+ γδ+ T cells with RORA+CCL20+S100A4+ TH17 cells and the influx of inflammatory myeloid cells. The EC transcriptome (exemplified by S100A8, HIF1A, TREM1, CXCR1) correlated with clinical, endoscopic, and histological severity of UC in an independent validation cohort (n=649). Furthermore, therapeutic relevance of the observed cellular and transcriptomic changes was investigated in 3 additional published UC cohorts (n=23, 48 and 204 respectively) to reveal that non-response to anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor (anti-TNF) therapy was associated with EC related myeloid cell perturbations. Altogether, these data provide high resolution mapping of the EC to facilitate therapeutic decision-making and personalization of therapy in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Jha
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zainab Al-Taie
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Azra Krek
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shadi Toghi Eshghi
- Biomarker Discovery, OMNI, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
| | - Aurelie Fantou
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Laurent
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Michael Tankelevich
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuan Cao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hadar Meringer
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra E Livanos
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Minami Tokuyama
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francesca Cossarini
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arnaud Bourreille
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Regis Josien
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Ruixue Hou
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Pablo Canales-Herrerias
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan C. Ungaro
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maia Kayal
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Marion
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Huaibin M. Ko
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Darwin D’souza
- Human Immune Monitoring Core, Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raphael Merand
- Human Immune Monitoring Core, Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- Human Immune Monitoring Core, Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason A. Hackney
- Biomarker Discovery, OMNI, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
| | - Allen Nguyen
- Biomarker Discovery, OMNI, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. McBride
- Biomarker Discovery, OMNI, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc. South SanFrancisco, CA, USA
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean Frederic Colombel
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerome C. Martin
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Mayte Suárez-Fariñas
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Francesca Petralia
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saurabh Mehandru
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Fu Y, Yin Y, Xu K. Modulating AHR function offers exciting therapeutic potential in gut immunity and inflammation. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:85. [PMID: 37179416 PMCID: PMC10182712 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a classical exogenous synthetic ligand of AHR that has significant immunotoxic effects. Activation of AHR has beneficial effects on intestinal immune responses, but inactivation or overactivation of AHR can lead to intestinal immune dysregulation and even intestinal diseases. Sustained potent activation of AHR by TCDD results in impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier. However, currently, AHR research has been more focused on elucidating physiologic AHR function than on dioxin toxicity. The appropriate level of AHR activation plays a role in maintaining gut health and protecting against intestinal inflammation. Therefore, AHR offers a crucial target to modulate intestinal immunity and inflammation. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the relationship between AHR and intestinal immunity, the ways in which AHR affects intestinal immunity and inflammation, the effects of AHR activity on intestinal immunity and inflammation, and the effect of dietary habits on intestinal health through AHR. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic role of AHR in maintaining gut homeostasis and relieving inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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Littlefield KM, Schneider JM, Neff CP, Soesanto V, Siebert JC, Nusbacher NM, Moreno-Huizar N, Cartwright IM, Armstrong AJS, Colgen SP, Lozupone CA, Palmer BE. Elevated inflammatory fecal immune factors in men who have sex with men with HIV associate with microbiome composition and gut barrier function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1072720. [PMID: 36605218 PMCID: PMC9808389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1072720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction People living with HIV infection (PLWH) exhibit elevated levels of gastrointestinal inflammation. Potential causes of this inflammation include HIV infection and associated immune dysfunction, sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) and gut microbiome composition. Methods To better understand the etiology of gastrointestinal inflammation we examined levels of 28 fecal soluble immune factors (sIFs) and the fecal microbiome in well-defined cohorts of HIV seronegative MSM (MSM-SN), MSM with untreated HIV infection (MSM-HIV) and MSM with HIV on anti-retroviral treatment (MSMART). Additionally, fecal solutes from these participants were used to stimulate T-84 colonic epithelial cells to assess barrier function. Results Both MSM cohorts with HIV had elevated levels of fecal calprotectin, a clinically relevant marker of GI inflammation, and nine inflammatory fecal sIFs (GM-CSF, ICAM-1, IL-1β, IL-12/23, IL-15, IL-16, TNF-β, VCAM-1, and VEGF). Interestingly, four sIFs (GM-CSF, ICAM-1, IL-7 and IL-12/23) were significantly elevated in MSM-SN compared to seronegative male non-MSM. Conversely, IL-22 and IL-13, cytokines beneficial to gut health, were decreased in all MSM with HIV and MSM-SN respectively. Importantly, all of these sIFs significantly correlated with calprotectin, suggesting they play a role in GI inflammation. Principal coordinate analysis revealed clustering of fecal sIFs by MSM status and significant associations with microbiome composition. Additionally, fecal solutes from participants in the MSM-HIV cohort significantly decreased colonic transcellular fluid transport in vitro, compared to non-MSM-SN, and this decrease associated with overall sIF composition and increased concentrations of eight inflammatory sIFs in participants with HIV. Lastly, elevated levels of plasma, sCD14 and sCD163, directly correlated with decreased transcellular transport and microbiome composition respectively, indicating that sIFs and the gut microbiome are associated with, and potentially contribute to, bacterial translocation. Conclusion Taken together, these data demonstrate that inflammatory sIFs are elevated in MSM, regardless of HIV infection status, and are associated with the gut microbiome and intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles P. Neff
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Victoria Soesanto
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Janet C. Siebert
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- CytoAnalytics, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Nichole M. Nusbacher
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nancy Moreno-Huizar
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ian M. Cartwright
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Abigail J. S. Armstrong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sean P. Colgen
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Catherine A. Lozupone
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Brent E. Palmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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Sugimoto C, Murakami Y, Ishii E, Fujita H, Wakao H. Reprogramming and redifferentiation of mucosal-associated invariant T cells reveal tumor inhibitory activity. eLife 2022; 11:70848. [PMID: 35379387 PMCID: PMC8983048 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells belong to a family of innate-like T cells that bridge innate and adaptive immunities. Although MAIT cells have been implicated in tumor immunity, it currently remains unclear whether they function as tumor-promoting or inhibitory cells. Therefore, we herein used induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to investigate this issue. Murine MAIT cells were reprogrammed into iPSCs and redifferentiated towards MAIT-like cells (m-reMAIT cells). m-reMAIT cells were activated by an agonist in the presence and absence of antigen-presenting cells and MR1-tetramer, a reagent to detect MAIT cells. This activation accompanied protein tyrosine phosphorylation and the production of T helper (Th)1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines and inflammatory chemokines. Upon adoptive transfer, m-reMAIT cells migrated to different organs with maturation in mice. Furthermore, m-reMAIT cells inhibited tumor growth in the lung metastasis model and prolonged mouse survival upon tumor inoculation through the NK cell-mediated reinforcement of cytolytic activity. Collectively, the present results demonstrated the utility and role of m-reMAIT cells in tumor immunity and provide insights into the function of MAIT cells in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Sugimoto
- Host Defense Division, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Yukie Murakami
- Host Defense Division, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Fujita
- Host Defense Division, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Wakao
- Host Defense Division, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
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Profiling of the Bacterial Microbiota along the Murine Alimentary Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031783. [PMID: 35163705 PMCID: PMC8836272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, the spatial distribution of the bacterial flora along the murine alimentary tract was evaluated using high throughput sequencing in wild-type and Tff3-deficient (Tff3KO) animals. Loss of Tff3 was linked to increased dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. This systematic study shows the results of 13 different regions from the esophagus to the rectum. The number of bacterial species (richness) increased from the esophagus to the rectum, from 50 to 200, respectively. Additionally, the bacterial community structure changed continuously; the highest changes were between the upper/middle and lower gastrointestinal compartments when comparing adjacent regions. Lactobacillus was the major colonizer in the upper/middle gastrointestinal tract, especially in the esophagus and stomach. From the caecum, a drastic diminution of Lactobacillus occurred, while members of Lachnospiraceae significantly increased. A significant change occurred in the bacterial community between the ascending and the transverse colon with Bacteroidetes being the major colonizers with relative constant abundance until the rectum. Interestingly, wild-type and Tff3KO animals did not show significant differences in their bacterial communities, suggesting that Tff3 is not involved in alterations of intraluminal or adhesive microbiota but is obviously important for mucosal protection, e.g., of the sensitive stem cells in the colonic crypts probably by a mucus plume.
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Molatlhegi RP, Ngcobo S, Liebenberg LJP, Ngcapu S, Mabhula A, Leslie A, Mchunu N, Zondi MM, Adamson JH, Govender K, Samsunder N, Karim SSA, Karim QA, Passmore JAS, Sivro A, McKinnon LR. Genital and systemic immune effects of the injectable, contraceptive norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN), in South African women. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13411. [PMID: 33641222 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Injectable hormonal contraceptives (IHC) have been associated with altered mucosal and systemic milieu which might increase HIV risk, but most studies have focused on DMPA and not NET-EN, despite the growing popularity and lower HIV risk associated with the latter in observational studies. METHOD OF STUDY We used high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-LC-MS/MS) to measure steroid hormones in plasma samples of CAPRISA004 study participants. Concentrations of 48 cytokines were measured in the cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and plasma, and their expression was compared between participants with detectable NET-EN (n = 201) versus non-detectable IHC (n = 90). Each log10 cytokine concentration was tested as an outcome in linear-mixed models, with NET-EN detection as the main explanatory variable. Multivariable models were adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS In bivariate analysis, detectable NET-EN was associated with reduced cervicovaginal M-CSF (P = 0.008), GM-CSF (P = 0.025) and G-CSF (P = 0.039), and elevated levels MIF (P = 0.008), IL-18 (P = 0.011), RANTES (P = 0.005) and IL-1Rα (P < 0.001). Lower G-CSF (P = 0.011) and elevated IL-1Rα (P = 0.008) remained significant in adjusted models. Multivariable analyses of plasma samples obtained from NET-EN-detectable women showed a significant increase in IP-10 (P = 0.026) and reductions in TNF-β (P = 0.037), RANTES (P = 0.009), and M-CSF (P < 0.001). While similar growth factor reduction in CVL was noted for both DMPA and NET-EN, similar trends were not observed for endogenous progesterone. CONCLUSIONS Detectable NET-EN was associated with reduced growth factors in the plasma and genital tract; particularly G-CSF and M-CSF. Our results suggest that while NET-EN is not inflammatory, it may have important immunological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refilwe P Molatlhegi
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samkelisiwe Ngcobo
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lenine J P Liebenberg
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sinaye Ngcapu
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Amanda Mabhula
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Nobuhle Mchunu
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Durban, South Africa.,School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Mthobisi M Zondi
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - John H Adamson
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Katya Govender
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Natasha Samsunder
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Salim S Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Quarraisha Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jo-Ann S Passmore
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Aida Sivro
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lyle R McKinnon
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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9
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Kiwifruit drives human microbiota-derived DNA to stimulate IL-7 secretion in intestinal epithelial cells. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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10
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Knop L, Deiser K, Bank U, Witte A, Mohr J, Philipsen L, Fehling HJ, Müller AJ, Kalinke U, Schüler T. IL-7 derived from lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells is dispensable for naive T cell homeostasis but crucial for central memory T cell survival. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:846-857. [PMID: 32043573 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The survival of peripheral T cells is dependent on their access to peripheral LNs (pLNs) and stimulation by IL-7. In pLNs fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) produce IL-7 suggesting their contribution to the IL-7-dependent survival of T cells. However, IL-7 production is detectable in multiple organs and is not restricted to pLNs. This raises the question whether pLN-derived IL-7 is required for the maintenance of peripheral T cell homeostasis. Here, we show that numbers of naive T cells (TN ) remain unaffected in pLNs and spleen of mice lacking Il7 gene activity in pLN FRCs, LECs, or both. In contrast, frequencies of central memory T cells (TCM ) are reduced in FRC-specific IL-7 KO mice. Thus, steady state IL-7 production by pLN FRCs is critical for the maintenance of TCM , but not TN , indicating that both T cell subsets colonize different ecological niches in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Knop
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Deiser
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ute Bank
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Amelie Witte
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Mohr
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars Philipsen
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans J Fehling
- Institute of Immunology, University Clinics Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas J Müller
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Intravital Microscopy in Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Medical School Hannover, Institute for Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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11
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c-FLIP is crucial for IL-7/IL-15-dependent NKp46 + ILC development and protection from intestinal inflammation in mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1056. [PMID: 32103006 PMCID: PMC7044440 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NKp46+ innate lymphoid cells (ILC) modulate tissue homeostasis and anti-microbial immune responses. ILC development and function are regulated by cytokines such as Interleukin (IL)-7 and IL-15. However, the ILC-intrinsic pathways translating cytokine signals into developmental programs are largely unknown. Here we show that the anti-apoptotic molecule cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) is crucial for the generation of IL-7/IL-15-dependent NKp46+ ILC1, including conventional natural killer (cNK) cells, and ILC3. Cytokine-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) precedes up-regulation of c-FLIP, which protects developing NKp46+ ILC from TNF-induced apoptosis. NKp46+ ILC-specific inactivation of c-FLIP leads to the loss of all IL-7/IL-15-dependent NKp46+ ILC, thereby inducing early-onset chronic colitis and subsequently microbial dysbiosis; meanwhile, the depletion of cNK, but not NKp46+ ILC1/3, aggravates experimental colitis. In summary, our data demonstrate a non-redundant function of c-FLIP for the generation of NKp46+ ILC, which protect T/B lymphocyte-sufficient mice from intestinal inflammation.
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12
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Kopel J, Perisetti A, Gajendran M, Boregowda U, Goyal H. Clinical Insights into the Gastrointestinal Manifestations of COVID-19. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:1932-1939. [PMID: 32447742 PMCID: PMC7245177 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The month of December 2019 became a critical part of the time of humanity when the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in the Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. As of April 13th, 2020, there have been approximately 1.9 million cases and 199,000 deaths across the world, which were associated with COVID-19. The COVID-19 is the seventh coronavirus to be identified to infect humans. In the past, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome were the two coronaviruses that infected humans with a high fatality, particularly among the elderly. Fatalities due to COVID-19 are higher in patients older than 50 years of age or those with multimorbid conditions. The COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, with the most common symptoms being high fever, cough, myalgia, atypical symptoms included sputum production, headache, hemoptysis and diarrhea. However, the incubation period can range from 2 to 14 days without any symptoms. It is particularly true with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in which patients can still shed the virus even after pulmonary symptoms have resolved. Given the high percentage of COVID-19 patients that present with GI symptoms (e.g., nausea and diarrhea), screening patients for GI symptoms remain essential. Recently, cases of fecal-oral transmission of COVID-19 have been confirmed in the USA and China, indicating that the virus can replicate in both the respiratory and digestive tract. Moreover, the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnostic procedures, treatments and prevention of the gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kopel
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA
| | - Abhilash Perisetti
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
| | - Mahesh Gajendran
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905 USA
| | - Umesha Boregowda
- Department of Medicine, Bassett Medical Center, 1 Atwell Road, Cooperstown, NY 13326 USA
| | - Hemant Goyal
- The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, 501 S. Washington Avenue, Scranton, PA 18503 USA
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13
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Tian Y, Xu J, Li Y, Zhao R, Du S, Lv C, Wu W, Liu R, Sheng X, Song Y, Bi X, Li G, Li M, Wu X, Lou P, You H, Cui W, Sun J, Shuai J, Ren F, Zhang B, Guo M, Hou X, Wu K, Xue L, Zhang H, Plikus MV, Cong Y, Lengner CJ, Liu Z, Yu Z. MicroRNA-31 Reduces Inflammatory Signaling and Promotes Regeneration in Colon Epithelium, and Delivery of Mimics in Microspheres Reduces Colitis in Mice. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:2281-2296.e6. [PMID: 30779922 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Levels of microRNA 31 (MIR31) are increased in intestinal tissues from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and colitis-associated neoplasias. We investigated the effects of this microRNA on intestinal inflammation by studying mice with colitis. METHODS We obtained colon biopsy samples from 82 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 79 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), and 34 healthy individuals (controls) at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital. MIR31- knockout mice and mice with conditional disruption of Mir31 specifically in the intestinal epithelium (MIR31 conditional knockouts) were given dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) to induce colitis. We performed chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays to study proteins that regulate expression of MIR31, including STAT3 and p65, in LOVO colorectal cancer cells and organoids derived from mouse colon cells. Partially hydrolyzed alpha-lactalbumin was used to generate peptosome nanoparticles, and MIR31 mimics were loaded onto their surface using electrostatic adsorption. Peptosome-MIR31 mimic particles were encapsulated into oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM) microspheres, which were administered by enema into the large intestines of mice with DSS-induced colitis. Intestinal tissues were collected and analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Levels of MIR31 were increased in inflamed mucosa from patients with CD or UC, and from mice with colitis, compared with controls. STAT3 and nuclear factor-κB activated transcription of MIR31 in colorectal cancer cells and organoids in response to tumor necrosis factor and interleukin (IL)6. MIR31-knockout and conditional-knockout mice developed more severe colitis in response to DSS and TNBS, with increased immune responses, compared with control mice. MIR31 bound to 3' untranslated regions of Il17ra and Il7r messenger RNAs (RNAs) (which encode receptors for the inflammatory cytokines IL17 and IL7) and Il6st mRNA (which encodes GP130, a cytokine signaling protein). These mRNAs and proteins were greater in MIR31-knockout mice with colitis, compared with control mice; MIR31 and MIR31 mimics inhibited their expression. MIR31 also promoted epithelial regeneration by regulating the WNT and Hippo signaling pathways. OKGM peptosome-MIR31 mimic microspheres localized to colonic epithelial cells in mice with colitis; they reduced the inflammatory response, increased body weight and colon length, and promoted epithelial cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS MIR31, increased in colon tissues from patients with CD or UC, reduces the inflammatory response in colon epithelium of mice by preventing expression of inflammatory cytokine receptors (Il7R and Il17RA) and signaling proteins (GP130). MIR31 also regulates the WNT and Hippo signaling pathways to promote epithelial regeneration following injury. OKGM peptosome-MIR31 microspheres localize to the colon epithelium of mice to reduce features of colitis. Transcript Profiling: GSE123556.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Tian
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuzhi Xu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Food Sciences and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sujuan Du
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Lv
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaole Sheng
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Song
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyun Bi
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guilin Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengzhen Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengbo Lou
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen You
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cui
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Jinyue Sun
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianwei Shuai
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Food Sciences and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Technology and Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Medical Research Center. Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Beijing, China
| | - Maksim V Plikus
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Christopher J Lengner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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14
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Belarif L, Danger R, Kermarrec L, Nerrière-Daguin V, Pengam S, Durand T, Mary C, Kerdreux E, Gauttier V, Kucik A, Thepenier V, Martin JC, Chang C, Rahman A, Guen NSL, Braudeau C, Abidi A, David G, Malard F, Takoudju C, Martinet B, Gérard N, Neveu I, Neunlist M, Coron E, MacDonald TT, Desreumaux P, Mai HL, Le Bas-Bernardet S, Mosnier JF, Merad M, Josien R, Brouard S, Soulillou JP, Blancho G, Bourreille A, Naveilhan P, Vanhove B, Poirier N. IL-7 receptor influences anti-TNF responsiveness and T cell gut homing in inflammatory bowel disease. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1910-1925. [PMID: 30939120 DOI: 10.1172/jci121668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains unknown what causes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including signaling networks perpetuating chronic gastrointestinal inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), in humans. According to an analysis of up to 500 patients with IBD and 100 controls, we report that key transcripts of the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) pathway are accumulated in inflamed colon tissues of severe CD and UC patients not responding to either immunosuppressive/corticosteroid, anti-TNF, or anti-α4β7 therapies. High expression of both IL7R and IL-7R signaling signature in the colon before treatment is strongly associated with nonresponsiveness to anti-TNF therapy. While in mice IL-7 is known to play a role in systemic inflammation, we found that in humans IL-7 also controlled α4β7 integrin expression and imprinted gut-homing specificity on T cells. IL-7R blockade reduced human T cell homing to the gut and colonic inflammation in vivo in humanized mouse models, and altered effector T cells in colon explants from UC patients grown ex vivo. Our findings show that failure of current treatments for CD and UC is strongly associated with an overexpressed IL-7R signaling pathway and point to IL-7R as a relevant therapeutic target and potential biomarker to fill an unmet need in clinical IBD detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Danger
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Kermarrec
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Nerrière-Daguin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | | | - Tony Durand
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | - Aneta Kucik
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jerome C Martin
- Precision Immunology Institute.,Tisch Cancer Institute.,Department of Oncological Sciences
| | - Christie Chang
- Precision Immunology Institute.,Tisch Cancer Institute.,Department of Oncological Sciences
| | - Adeeb Rahman
- Precision Immunology Institute.,Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, and.,Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nina Salabert-Le Guen
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Center for Immuno Monitoring Nantes-Atlantique (CIMNA), Nantes, France.,LabEx Immunograft Oncology (IGO), Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Cécile Braudeau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Center for Immuno Monitoring Nantes-Atlantique (CIMNA), Nantes, France.,LabEx Immunograft Oncology (IGO), Nantes, France
| | - Ahmed Abidi
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Université de Tunis El Manar, Laboratoire de génétique, immunologie et pathologies humaines, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Grégoire David
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Florent Malard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Celine Takoudju
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Martinet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | - Nathalie Gérard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Neveu
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuel Coron
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas T MacDonald
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Desreumaux
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Claude Huriez Hospital, University of Lille 2, Lille, France
| | - Hoa-Le Mai
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | - Stephanie Le Bas-Bernardet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | - Jean-François Mosnier
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Nantes, France
| | - Miriam Merad
- Precision Immunology Institute.,Tisch Cancer Institute.,Department of Oncological Sciences.,Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Régis Josien
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Center for Immuno Monitoring Nantes-Atlantique (CIMNA), Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Soulillou
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gilles Blancho
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (CRTI), UMR 1064, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Nantes, France
| | - Arnaud Bourreille
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Naveilhan
- Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (IMAD), The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Université de Nantes, INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, IMAD, Nantes, France
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15
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Abstract
Memory for antigens once encountered is a hallmark of the immune system of vertebrates, providing us with an immunity adapted to pathogens of our environment. Despite its fundamental relevance, the cells and genes representing immunological memory are still poorly understood. Here we discuss the concept of a circulating, proliferating, and ubiquitous population of effector lymphocytes vs concepts of resting and dormant populations of dedicated memory lymphocytes, distinct from effector lymphocytes and residing in defined tissues, particularly in barrier tissues and in the bone marrow. The lifestyle of memory plasma cells of the bone marrow may serve as a paradigm, showing that persistence of memory lymphocytes is not defined by intrinsic "half-lives", but rather conditional on distinct survival signals provided by dedicated niches. These niches are organized by individual mesenchymal stromal cells. They define the capacity of immunological memory and regulate its homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun‐Dong Chang
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum Berlina Leibniz InstituteBerlinGermany
| | - Koji Tokoyoda
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum Berlina Leibniz InstituteBerlinGermany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- Deutsches Rheuma‐Forschungszentrum Berlina Leibniz InstituteBerlinGermany
- Charité University MedicineBerlinGermany
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16
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Konjar Š, Ferreira C, Blankenhaus B, Veldhoen M. Intestinal Barrier Interactions with Specialized CD8 T Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1281. [PMID: 29075263 PMCID: PMC5641586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The trillions of microorganisms that reside in the gastrointestinal tract, essential for nutrient absorption, are kept under control by a single cell barrier and large amounts of immune cells. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are critical in establishing an environment supporting microbial colonization and immunological tolerance. A large population of CD8+ T cells is in direct and constant contact with the IECs and the intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). Due to their location, at the interphase of the intestinal lumen and external environment and the host tissues, they seem ideally positioned to balance immune tolerance and protection to preserve the fragile intestinal barrier from invasion as well as immunopathology. IELs are a heterogeneous population, with a large innate-like contribution of unknown specificity, intercalated with antigen-specific tissue-resident memory T cells. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of IEL physiology and how they interact with the IECs and contribute to immune surveillance to preserve intestinal homeostasis and host-microbial relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Špela Konjar
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Birte Blankenhaus
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marc Veldhoen
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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17
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Loganes C, Lega S, Bramuzzo M, Vecchi Brumatti L, Piscianz E, Valencic E, Tommasini A, Marcuzzi A. Curcumin Anti-Apoptotic Action in a Model of Intestinal Epithelial Inflammatory Damage. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9060578. [PMID: 28587282 PMCID: PMC5490557 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine if a preventive treatment with curcumin can protect intestinal epithelial cells from inflammatory damage induced by IFNγ. To achieve this goal we have used a human intestinal epithelial cell line (HT29) treated with IFNγ to undergo apoptotic changes that can reproduce the damage of intestinal epithelia exposed to inflammatory cytokines. In this model, we measured the effect of curcumin (curcuminoid from Curcuma Longa) added as a pre-treatment at different time intervals before stimulation with IFNγ. Curcumin administration to HT29 culture before the inflammatory stimulus IFNγ reduced the cell apoptosis rate. This effect gradually declined with the reduction of the curcumin pre-incubation time. This anti-apoptotic action by curcumin pre-treatment was paralleled by a reduction of secreted IL7 in the HT29 culture media, while there was no relevant change in the other cytokine levels. Even though curcumin pre-administration did not impact the activation of the NF-κB pathway, a slight effect on the phosphorylation of proteins in this inflammatory signaling pathway was observed. In conclusion, curcumin pre-treatment can protect intestinal cells from inflammatory damage. These results can be the basis for studying the preventive role of curcumin in inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Loganes
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste 34137, Italy.
| | - Sara Lega
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, Trieste 34100, Italy.
| | - Matteo Bramuzzo
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste 34137, Italy.
| | - Liza Vecchi Brumatti
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste 34137, Italy.
| | - Elisa Piscianz
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, Trieste 34100, Italy.
| | - Erica Valencic
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste 34137, Italy.
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste 34137, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, Trieste 34100, Italy.
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18
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Ponte R, Rancez M, Figueiredo-Morgado S, Dutrieux J, Fabre-Mersseman V, Charmeteau-de-Muylder B, Guilbert T, Routy JP, Cheynier R, Couëdel-Courteille A. Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Triggers Early and Transient Interleukin-7 Production in the Gut, Leading to Enhanced Local Chemokine Expression and Intestinal Immune Cell Homing. Front Immunol 2017; 8:588. [PMID: 28579989 PMCID: PMC5437214 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier, one of the first targets of HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is subjected to major physiological changes during acute infection. Having previously shown that pharmaceutical injection of interleukin-7 (IL-7) triggers chemokine expression in many organs leading to massive T-cell homing, in particular to the intestine, we here explored mucosal IL-7 expression as part of the cytokine storm occurring during the acute phase of SIV infection in rhesus macaques. Quantifying both mRNA and protein in tissues, we demonstrated a transient increase of IL-7 expression in the small intestine of SIV-infected rhesus macaques, starting with local detection of the virus by day 3 of infection. We also observed increased transcription levels of several chemokines in the small intestine. In infected macaques, ileal IL-7 expression correlated with the transcription of four of these chemokines. Among these chemokines, the macrophage and/or T-cell attractant chemokines CCL4, CCL25, and CCL28 also demonstrated increased transcription in uninfected IL-7-treated monkeys. Through immunohistofluorescence staining and image analysis, we observed increased CD8+ T-cell numbers and stable CD4+ T-cell counts in the infected lamina propria (LP) during hyperacute infection. Concomitantly, circulating CCR9+beta7+ CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells dropped during acute infection, suggesting augmented intestinal homing of gut-imprinted T-cells. Finally, CD4+ macrophages transiently decreased in the submucosa and concentrated in the LP during the first days of infection. Overall, our study identifies IL-7 as a danger signal in the small intestine of Chinese rhesus macaques in response to acute SIV infection. Through stimulation of local chemokine expressions, this overexpression of IL-7 triggers immune cell recruitment to the gut. These findings suggest a role for IL-7 in the initiation of early mucosal immune responses to SIV and HIV infections. However, IL-7 triggered CD4+ T-cells and macrophages localization at viral replication sites could also participate to viral spread and establishment of viral reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie Ponte
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Magali Rancez
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Suzanne Figueiredo-Morgado
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Dutrieux
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Fabre-Mersseman
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Charmeteau-de-Muylder
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Guilbert
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Rémi Cheynier
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Couëdel-Courteille
- Cytokines and Viral Infections, Immunology Infection and Inflammation Department, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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19
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Rane L, Rahman S, Magalhaes I, Ambati A, Andersson J, Zumla A, Brighenti S, Maeurer MJ. IL-7δ5 protein is expressed in human tissues and induces expression of the oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) in CD14+ monocytes. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 59:29-36. [PMID: 28279736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 6-exon-spanning 'canonical' Interleukin-7 (IL-7c) is a non-redundant cytokine in human T-cell homeostasis that undergoes extensive alternative pre-mRNA splicing. The IL-7 gene variant lacking, exon 5 (IL-7δ5), exhibits agonistic effects as compared to IL-7c. We studied in this report for the first time the protein expression of IL-7δ5 variant in tissues and its role in monocyte activation. METHODS We visualized the expression of IL-7δ5 protein by immunohistochemistry in both healthy and malignant (human) tissues and investigated the impact of IL-7δ5 stimulation on CD14+ monocytes using gene expression analysis and flow cytometry. RESULTS IL-7δ5 is largely expressed by human epithelial cells, yet also by stromal cells in malignant lesions. Gene expression analysis in CD14+ monocytes, induced by the 6-exon spanning IL-7 or IL-7δ5 showed similar changes resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype and increased expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. IL7δ5 was superior in inducing upregulation of the oxidised low density lipoprotein receptor (OLR), measured by flow cytometry, in CD14+ cells. CONCLUSION IL-7δ5, produced from non-transformed and transformed cells, may contribute to chronic inflammatory responses and development of 'foamy' cells by increased OLR1 expression that mediates increased oxLDL uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Rane
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sayma Rahman
- Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Isabelle Magalhaes
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Labroratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Aditya Ambati
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Labroratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jan Andersson
- Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Susanna Brighenti
- Center for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Markus J Maeurer
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Labroratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
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20
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Deiser K, Stoycheva D, Bank U, Blankenstein T, Schüler T. Interleukin-7 Modulates Anti-Tumor CD8+ T Cell Responses via Its Action on Host Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159690. [PMID: 27447484 PMCID: PMC4957759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells is a promising approach for the treatment of chronic viral and malignant diseases. In order to improve adoptive T cell therapy (ATT) of cancer, recent strategies aim at the antibody-based blockade of immunosuppressive signaling pathways in CD8+ T cells. Alternatively, adjuvant effects of immunostimulatory cytokines might be exploited to improve therapeutic CD8+ T cell responses. For example, Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a potent growth, activation and survival factor for CD8+ T cells that can be used to improve virus- and tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Although direct IL-7 effects on CD8+ T cells were studied extensively in numerous models, the contribution of IL-7 receptor-competent (IL-7R+) host cells remained unclear. In the current study we provide evidence that CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor rejection in response to recombinant IL-7 (rIL-7) therapy is strictly dependent on IL-7R+ host cells. On the contrary, CD8+ T cell expansion is independent of host IL-7R expression. If, however, rIL-7 therapy and peptide vaccination are combined, host IL-7R signaling is crucial for CD8+ T cell expansion. Unexpectedly, maximum CD8+ T cell expansion relies mainly on IL-7R signaling in non-hematopoietic host cells, similar to the massive accumulation of dendritic cells and granulocytes. In summary, we provide evidence that IL-7R+ host cells are major targets of rIL-7 that modulate therapeutic CD8+ T cell responses and the outcome of rIL-7-assisted ATT. This knowledge may have important implications for the design and optimization of clinical ATT protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Deiser
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Stoycheva
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Bank
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Blankenstein
- Institute of Immunology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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21
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Murphy S, Patrick K, Thoner T, Edwards RW, Gubbels Bupp MR. T cell up-regulation of CD127 is associated with reductions in the homeostatic set point of the peripheral T cell pool during malnourishment. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 7:164-172. [PMID: 28955903 PMCID: PMC5613352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The following study was undertaken to better understand the mechanisms that relate the homeostatic set point of the peripheral T cell population to energy availability in mice. We report that the total number of peripheral naïve and memory CD4+ and CD8+T cells notably declined after one week of malnourishment, a time period too short to be entirely due to malnutrition-induced thymic involution. Peripheral malnourished T cells expressed higher levels of the IL-7 receptor component, CD127, and were less sensitive to death-by-neglect as compared to control T cells. Overall levels of IL-7 were similar in malnourished and control mice. Adoptive transfer studies revealed that CD127 expression did not correlate with increased survival in vivo and that all naïve CD8+T cells upregulated CD127, regardless of initial expression levels. Corticosterone levels were elevated in malnourished mice and this correlated in time with peripheral T cell up-regulation of CD127 and the diminishment of the peripheral T cell pool. Overall, these data suggest a model in which CD127 levels are up-regulated quickly during malnourishment, thereby increasing the scavenge rate of IL-7, and providing a mechanism to quickly adjust the total number of T cells during malnutrition. Malnourishment results in reduced numbers of peripheral CD8+T cells. The IL-7R alpha subunit, CD127 is up-regulated on CD8+T cells during malnourishment. Malnourished CD8+T cells are less sensitive to death-by-neglect. Levels of IL-7 are unchanged in malnourishment, while glucocorticoids are elevated.
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22
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Toptygina AP, Semikina EL, Bobyleva GV, Miroshkina LV, Petrichuk SV. Cytokine profile in children with inflammatory bowel disease. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:1371-5. [PMID: 25716731 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914120116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) characterized by immune reactivity against microbial and auto-antigens. This work was designed to study the cytokine profile in blood serum and coproextracts of children with CD and UC. The studied patients consisted of 17 children with CD (group I), 17 children with UC (group II), and 18 controls with intestinal dysbiosis (group III). The diagnosis of UC and CD was based on accepted clinical and endoscopic criteria. The levels of 13 cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IFN-γ) were determined in blood sera and coproextracts of the patients and controls using the BioPlex technology. The level of IL-17A was significantly increased and that of TGF-β was significantly decreased in the blood serum of the patients with IBDs. Changes in the cytokine profile in the coproextracts affected the wider spectrum of cytokines. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) were increased 6-9-fold, whereas the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased 3-fold. The cytokine balance was shifted to the proinflammatory cytokines. The TGF-β level was increased 9-fold and that of IL-17A was increased 3-fold. Thus, the cytokine profile in the coproextracts was more informative than that of the blood serum. The determination of cytokines in coproextracts is simple and noninvasive.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Toptygina
- Gabrichevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, 125212, Russia.
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23
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Torow N, Yu K, Hassani K, Freitag J, Schulz O, Basic M, Brennecke A, Sparwasser T, Wagner N, Bleich A, Lochner M, Weiss S, Förster R, Pabst O, Hornef MW. Active suppression of intestinal CD4(+)TCRαβ(+) T-lymphocyte maturation during the postnatal period. Nat Commun 2015. [PMID: 26195040 PMCID: PMC4518322 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Priming of the mucosal immune system during the postnatal period substantially influences host–microbial interaction and susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases in adult life. The underlying mechanisms are ill defined. Here we show that shortly after birth, CD4 T cells populate preformed lymphoid structures in the small intestine and quickly acquire a distinct transcriptional profile. T-cell recruitment is independent of microbial colonization and innate or adaptive immune stimulation but requires β7 integrin expression. Surprisingly, neonatal CD4 T cells remain immature throughout the postnatal period under homeostatic conditions but undergo maturation and gain effector function on barrier disruption. Maternal SIgA and regulatory T cells act in concert to prevent immune stimulation and maintain the immature phenotype of CD4 T cells in the postnatal intestine during homeostasis. Active suppression of CD4 T-cell maturation during the postnatal period might contribute to prevent auto-reactivity, sustain a broad TCR repertoire and establish life-long immune homeostasis. The mechanisms governing the ontogeny and maturation of the mucosal immune system during the postnatal period are not well understood. Here the authors characterize the homing kinetic, anatomical distribution and maturation of early intestinal CD4 T cells and provide insights into active T-cell suppression during the postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Torow
- 1] Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany [2] Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kai Yu
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kasra Hassani
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jenny Freitag
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School, Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga Schulz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marijana Basic
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne Brennecke
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School, Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - André Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Lochner
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School, Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weiss
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Pabst
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany [2] Institute of Molecular Medicine RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mathias W Hornef
- 1] Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany [2] Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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24
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Thoene-Reineke C, Fischer A, Friese C, Briesemeister D, Göbel UB, Kammertoens T, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Composition of intestinal microbiota in immune-deficient mice kept in three different housing conditions. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113406. [PMID: 25401702 PMCID: PMC4234647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abundance of commensals constituting the intestinal microbiota (IM) affects the immune system and predisposes to a variety of diseases, including intestinal infections, cancer, inflammatory and metabolic disorders. Housing conditions determine the IM and can hence influence the immune system. We analyzed how both variables affect the IM of four immune-compromized mouse lines kept under different housing conditions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We investigated the IM composition in mice by quantitative 16S rRNA RT-PCR analysis of the main fecal bacterial groups (Enterobacteriaceae, enterococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Bacteroides/Prevotella (BP) spp., Clostridium leptum and coccoides groups). Mice were homozygous (HO) or heterozygous (HE) for a targeted inactivating mutation of either the IFN-γ Receptor (R), IFN-γ, Rag1 or IL-4 genes. Overall, differences in IM composition were subtle. However, in the SPF-barrier, total eubacterial loads were higher in Rag1 HE versus Rag1 HO mice as well as in IFN-γR HE versus IFN-γR HO and WT animals. Although absent in WT mice, bifidobacterial loads were higher in HO and HE IFN-γ and Rag1 as well as IL-4 HO mice. Furthermore, BP was slightly lower in HO and HE IFN-γR and IFN-γ mice as well as in IL-4 HO mice as compared to WT controls. Interestingly, IM compositions were comparable in WT mice when kept in individual ventilated cages (IVC) or open cages (OC). IFN-γ HO and HE mice, however, had higher enterobacteria and BP loads, but lacked bifidobacteria when kept in OC versus IVC, as was the case in HO and HE Rag1 mice. In addition, Rag1 HO mice harbored higher clostridial loads when housed in OC as compared to IVC. Unexpectedly, lactobacilli levels were higher in IFN-γR mice when kept in OC versus IVC. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Housing-dependent and immune-deficiency mediated changes in intestinal microbiota composition were rather subtle but may nevertheless impact immunopathology in experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Thoene-Reineke
- Forschungseinrichtung für Experimentelle Medizin, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - André Fischer
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Friese
- Department of Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dana Briesemeister
- Department of Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf B. Göbel
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Kammertoens
- Department of Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Erben U, Loddenkemper C, Doerfel K, Spieckermann S, Haller D, Heimesaat MM, Zeitz M, Siegmund B, Kühl AA. A guide to histomorphological evaluation of intestinal inflammation in mouse models. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:4557-4576. [PMID: 25197329 PMCID: PMC4152019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Histomorphology remains a powerful routine evaluating intestinal inflammation in animal models. Emphasizing the focus of a given animal study, histopathology can overstate differences between established models. We aimed to systematize histopathological evaluation of intestinal inflammation in mouse models facilitating inter-study comparisons. Samples of all parts of the intestinal tract from well-established mouse models of intestinal inflammation were evaluated from hematoxylin/eosin-stained sections and specific observations confirmed by subsequent immunohistochemistry. Three main categories sufficiently reflected the severity of histopathology independent of the localization and the overall extent of an inflammation: (i) quality and dimension of inflammatory cell infiltrates, (ii) epithelial changes and (iii) overall mucosal architecture. Scoring schemata were defined along specified criteria for each of the three categories. The direction of the initial hit proved crucial for the comparability of histological changes. Chemical noxes, infection with intestinal parasites or other models where the barrier was disturbed from outside, the luminal side, showed high levels of similarity and distinct differences to changes in the intestinal balance resulting from inside events like altered cytokine responses or disruption of the immune cell homeostasis. With a high degree of generalisation and maximum scores from 4-8 suitable scoring schemata accounted specific histopathological hallmarks. Truly integrating demands and experiences of gastroenterologists, mouse researchers, microbiologists and pathologists we provide an easy-to-use guideline evaluating histomorphology in mouse models of intestinal inflammation. Standard criteria and definitions facilitate classification and rating of new relevant models, allow comparison in animal studies and transfer of functional findings to comparable histopathologies in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Erben
- Department of Medicine I for Gastroenterology, Infectious Disease and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany ; Research Center ImmunoSciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Simone Spieckermann
- Department of Medicine I for Gastroenterology, Infectious Disease and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany ; Research Center ImmunoSciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- Research Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biofunctionality Unit (ZIEL), Technical University Munich Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Institute for Microbiology and Infectious Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Zeitz
- Department of Medicine I for Gastroenterology, Infectious Disease and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Medicine I for Gastroenterology, Infectious Disease and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany ; Research Center ImmunoSciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- Department of Medicine I for Gastroenterology, Infectious Disease and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany ; Research Center ImmunoSciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
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Diverse interleukin-7 mRNA transcripts in Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). PLoS One 2014; 9:e99859. [PMID: 24945249 PMCID: PMC4063794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL7) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is actively involved in the immune system. The Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) has been proposed as an alternative experimental animal to primates in biomedical research. However, there is a lack of biological knowledge about the immune system of the tree shrew. In this study, we cloned the IL7 gene (tIL7) in the Chinese tree shrew and quantified the expression of mRNA transcripts in eight tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, intestine, skeletal muscle and brain) from 20 individuals. Eleven tIL7 mRNA transcripts were identified in different tissues. The canonical form (tIL7c) had a length of 1817 bp and encoded a predicted gene product with 177 amino acids. Phylogenetic analyses based on the amino acid sequences revealed a considerably large genetic difference between tree shrew and human. Quantification of mRNA expression of transcripts tIL7c, tIL7-sv1, tIL7-sv2 and tIL7-sv3 showed that these transcripts were expressed in all tissues, albeit the expression levels varied in different tissues. Transcripts tIL7c, tIL7-sv1, and tIL7-sv2 had the lowest expression in brain, and tIL7-sv3 had a dramatically high mRNA expression in skeletal muscle and heart. The mRNA expression levels of tIL7c and tIL7-sv1 were significantly increased upon ploy(I:C) stimulation in tree shrew primary renal cells. As with human full-length IL7, tIL7c, tIL7-sv1, tIL7-sv2 and tIL7-sv3 showed similar a subcellular localization pattern. Our results identified diverse tIL7 transcripts in the Chinese tree shrew, which may play a potential role in modulating IL7-regulated biological effects.
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Pathak K. The expanding role of IL-7 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin as therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:581-94. [PMID: 24641111 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.893295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The discovery of IL-7 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has been a major step in the understanding of arthritis. IL-7 amplifies the inflammation induced by other cytokines, primarily TNF. In animal models of arthritis, inhibition of IL-7 limits inflammation and joint erosion. TSLP is an IL-7-like cytokine that triggers dendritic cell-mediated Th2-type inflammatory responses and is considered as a master switch for allergic inflammation. TSLP is a downstream molecule of TNF-α and as such may be involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory arthritis. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes current knowledge of the role of IL-7 and TSLP derived from both animal models and studies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The emergence of IL-7 blockade as a future therapy in RA is highlighted, along with the potential goals and limitations of this therapeutic approach. The write-up also highlights the functional capacities of TSLP in arthritis. EXPERT OPINION Evidences suggest important roles for IL-7 and TSLP in the pathogenesis of RA and can be viewed as potential therapeutic targets. Regulation of these at genetic level is a promising investigational area. Given the difficulty in reconstituting T cells in patients with RA, therapeutic approaches that minimize the elimination of T cells are likely to be more desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamla Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy , Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281001 , India
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Liu ZH, Wang MH, Ren HJ, Qu W, Sun LM, Zhang QF, Qiu XS, Wang EH. Interleukin 7 signaling prevents apoptosis by regulating bcl-2 and bax via the p53 pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:870-881. [PMID: 24695377 PMCID: PMC3971289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 7/Interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7/IL-7R) signaling induces the upregulation of cyclin D1 to promote cell proliferation in lung cancer, but its role in preventing the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines remains unknown. To study the role of IL-7 in lung cancer cell apoptosis, normal HBE cells as well as A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells were examined using flow cytometry. The results showed that the activation of IL-7R by its specific ligand, exogenous interleukin-7, was associated with a significant decline in apoptotic cells. Western blot and real-time PCR assays indicated that the activation of IL-7/IL-7R significantly upregulated anti-apoptotic bcl-2 and downregulated pro-apoptotic bax and p53 at both protein and mRNA levels. The knockdown of IL-7R through small interfering RNAs significantly attenuated these effects of exogenous IL-7. However, there was no significant anti-apoptotic effect in H1299 (p53-) cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of p53 significantly abolished the effects of IL-7/IL-7R on lung cancer cell apoptosis. These results strongly suggest that IL-7/IL-7R prevents apoptosis by upregulating the expression of bcl-2 and by downregulating the expression of bax, potentially via the p53 pathway in A549 and HBE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hui Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Hui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College Chengde, China
| | - Hong-Jiu Ren
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Li-Mei Sun
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Qing-Fu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Shan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University Shenyang, China ; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - En-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University Shenyang, China ; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
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Abstract
Innate immune cells, particularly macrophages and epithelial cells, play a key role in multiple layers of immune responses. Alarmins and pro-inflammatory cytokines from the IL (interleukin)-1 and TNF (tumour necrosis factor) families initiate the cascade of events by inducing chemokine release from bystander cells and by the up-regulation of adhesion molecules required for transendothelial trafficking of immune cells. Furthermore, innate cytokines produced by dendritic cells, macrophages, epithelial cells and innate lymphoid cells seem to play a critical role in polarization of helper T-cell cytokine profiles into specific subsets of Th1/Th2/Th17 effector cells or regulatory T-cells. Lastly, the innate immune system down-regulates effector mechanisms and restores homoeostasis in injured tissue via cytokines from the IL-10 and TGF (transforming growth factor) families mainly released from macrophages, preferentially the M2 subset, which have a capacity to induce regulatory T-cells, inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and induce healing of the tissue by regulating extracellular matrix protein deposition and angiogenesis. Cytokines produced by innate immune cells represent an attractive target for therapeutic intervention, and multiple molecules are currently being tested clinically in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic diseases, autoinflammatory syndromes, fibrosing processes or malignancies. In addition to the already widely used blockers of TNFα and the tested inhibitors of IL-1 and IL-6, multiple therapeutic molecules are currently in clinical trials targeting TNF-related molecules [APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) and BAFF (B-cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family)], chemokine receptors, IL-17, TGFβ and other cytokines.
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Qiu Y, Yu M, Yang Y, Sheng H, Wang W, Sun L, Chen G, Liu Y, Xiao W, Yang H. Disturbance of intraepithelial lymphocytes in a murine model of acute intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. J Mol Histol 2013; 45:217-27. [PMID: 24122227 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-013-9544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Strategically located at the epithelial basolateral surface, intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are intimately associated with epithelial cells and maintain the epithelial barrier integrity. Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute injury not only damages the epithelium but also affects the mucosal barrier function. Therefore, we hypothesized that I/R-induced mucosal damage would affect IEL phenotype and function. Adult C57BL/6J mice were treated with intestinal I/R or sham. Mice were euthanized at 6 h after I/R, and the small bowel was harvested for histological examination and to calculate the transmembrane resistance. Occludin expression and IEL location were detected through immunohistochemistry. The IEL phenotype, activation, and apoptosis were examined using flow cytometry. Cytokine and anti-apoptosis-associated gene expressions were measured through RT-PCR. Intestinal I/R induced the destruction of epithelial cells and intercellular molecules (occludin), resulting in IEL detachment from the epithelium. I/R also significantly increased the CD8αβ, CD4, and TCRαβ IEL subpopulations and significantly changed IEL-derived cytokine expression. Furthermore, I/R enhanced activation and promoted apoptosis in IELs. I/R-induced acute intestinal mucosal damage significantly affected IEL phenotype and function. These findings provide profound insight into potential IEL-mediated epithelial barrier dysfunction after intestinal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
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Younas M, Hue S, Lacabaratz C, Guguin A, Wiedemann A, Surenaud M, Beq S, Croughs T, Lelièvre JD, Lévy Y. IL-7 modulates in vitro and in vivo human memory T regulatory cell functions through the CD39/ATP axis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:3161-8. [PMID: 23966629 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of human regulatory T cells (Tregs) may explain the discrepancies between studies on Tregs in physiology and pathology. Contrasting effects of IL-7 on the expansion and survival of human Tregs were reported. Therefore, we investigated the effects of IL-7 on the phenotype and function of well-characterized populations of human Tregs. We show that IL-7 signals via the CD127 receptor on naive, memory, and activated memory Tregs sorted from the blood of healthy donors, but it does not affect their proliferation. In contrast, IL-7 affects their suppressive capacities differently. This effect was modest on naive Tregs but was dramatic (90%) on memory Tregs. We provide evidence that IL-7 exerts a synergistic effect through downmodulation of the ectoenzyme CD39, which converts ATP to ADP/AMP, and an increase in ATP receptor P2X7. Both effects lead to an increase in the ATP-mediated effect, tipping the balance to favor Th17 conversion. Using an IL-7 therapeutic study, we show that IL-7 exerts the same effects in vitro and in vivo in HIV-infected individuals. Globally, our data show that IL-7 negatively regulates Tregs and contributes to increase the number of tools that may affect Treg function in pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Younas
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, 94010 Créteil, France
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Dooms H. Interleukin-7: Fuel for the autoimmune attack. J Autoimmun 2013; 45:40-8. [PMID: 23831438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a critical survival factor for lymphocytes and recent studies suggest targeting the IL-7/IL-7Rα pathway holds promise for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Several lines of evidence, genetic as well as functional, indicate an important role for this cytokine in autoimmune inflammation: polymorphisms in the IL-7Rα have been associated with increased risk for autoimmune disease and blocking IL-7/IL-7Rα with antibodies showed therapeutic efficacy in several autoimmune mouse models. Insights are starting to emerge about the mechanisms underlying IL-7's role in autoimmunity and tolerance, revealing surprising novel functions beyond its traditional activity as a T cell survival factor. In the first part of this review, the functions of IL-7 in the immune system are concisely described, providing a basis for understanding their potential role in promoting autoimmune responses. In the second part, current knowledge about the role of IL-7 in various autoimmune conditions is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Dooms
- Department of Medicine, Arthritis Center/Rheumatology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, E519, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Kolev M, Le Friec G, Kemper C. The role of complement in CD4+ T cell homeostasis and effector functions. Semin Immunol 2013; 25:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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